WO2017174832A1 - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles from bearings and cleaning method - Google Patents

Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles from bearings and cleaning method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017174832A1
WO2017174832A1 PCT/ES2016/070231 ES2016070231W WO2017174832A1 WO 2017174832 A1 WO2017174832 A1 WO 2017174832A1 ES 2016070231 W ES2016070231 W ES 2016070231W WO 2017174832 A1 WO2017174832 A1 WO 2017174832A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearings
ferromagnetic particles
cleaning
bearing
holes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2016/070231
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Javier Anduaga Salvatierra
Aitor ZURUTUZA SANTA CRUZ
Igor Reinares Agirretxe
Original Assignee
Laulagun Bearings, S,L
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laulagun Bearings, S,L filed Critical Laulagun Bearings, S,L
Priority to PCT/ES2016/070231 priority Critical patent/WO2017174832A1/en
Priority to ES201890062A priority patent/ES2705440B1/en
Publication of WO2017174832A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017174832A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6607—Retaining the grease in or near the bearing
    • F16C33/6614—Retaining the grease in or near the bearing in recesses or cavities provided in retainers, races or rolling elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0332—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using permanent magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
    • B03C1/286—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the inner circumference of a recipient, e.g. magnetic drain bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6622—Details of supply and/or removal of the grease, e.g. purging grease
    • F16C33/6625—Controlling or conditioning the grease supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H01F7/0273—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation
    • H01F7/0294—Detection, inspection, magnetic treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2235/00—Cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/10—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to size
    • F16C2300/14—Large applications, e.g. bearings having an inner diameter exceeding 500 mm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6622—Details of supply and/or removal of the grease, e.g. purging grease

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is the process of cleaning said particles contained inside the bearings, in particular in the lubricating grease.
  • the device is applicable to large-scale bearings, such as those used in wind turbine blades, construction machinery and / or water treatment.
  • the present device characterizes its special configuration and design that make it a useful and simple element in its use, being especially effective for the removal of ferromagnetic particles.
  • REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26) importance, in order to guarantee the correct operation and safety offered by said bearings, as well as extend their life.
  • Bearings lubricated with grease are usually formed, in general, by one or several concentric rings, among which are rolling elements (balls, rollers, etc.) immersed in grease, in which the grease has among other objectives that of generate a layer of grease on the contact of each rolling element and the rings between which it is housed, in order to reduce friction between the elements, generating adequate contact and minimizing the effects derived from metal contact (rolling element ) - metal (track), in addition to being a key element to prevent corrosion.
  • rolling elements balls, rollers, etc.
  • the device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles housed in the lubrication grease of bearings, particularly large bearings, is formed as a bushing / tooling that is housed in the bearing, in the bearings.
  • greasing holes of the bearings that is, would have a suitable diameter and length, corresponding to the greasing holes of the bearings.
  • said device could be located in other holes made specifically in the bearing for said purpose.
  • the device which is shaped like a bushing, is designed in such a way that it can be mounted and removed in a simple way, in addition to fulfilling the function of capturing ferromagnetic particles immersed in the lubrication grease, resulting from friction between the elements of rolling, separating elements and concentric rings between which said rolling elements are housed.
  • the device comprises a base piece or bushing of length and diameter such that they allow its introduction into the bearing to the raceway, preferably through the greasing holes of the bushing.
  • a detachable permanent magnetic element is arranged on the end of the bushing that is inserted into the bearing.
  • said removable magnetic element has a threaded recess on which an annular configuration magnet is fixed which, on one of its bases, has a threaded rod for fixing on the free end of the bushing, forming a detachable united set.
  • the device once housed in its hole, having a permanent magnet at its free end, allows continuously, and without interruption of the normal operation of the bearing, attract and retain in the permanent magnet the ferromagnetic particles that, dragged by the grease, that pass close to the magnet.
  • the holes where the cleaning device is inserted can be the greasing holes or any other perforation that allows access to the bearing greasing channel, understood as the greasing channel of a bearing the existing channel between the rolling elements and the rings between which they are housed specifically made to allow the circulation of grease.
  • the cleaning process of the bearings would be carried out with the device described above and would have the steps of:
  • Figure 1 represents an external view of the bearing mounted with a shovel where the holes appear in which the cleaning devices will be introduced.
  • Figure 2 represents a cut view of the inside of the bearing showing a hole used to introduce the device in question.
  • Figure 3 represents the separate assembly of the device in which the arranged components are differentiated.
  • Figure 4 represents a general view of the assembly of the mounting device.
  • FIG 1 we can schematically observe a part of a blade (1) of a wind turbine on which a bearing (2) is mounted, which has one or more greasing holes (3) on its periphery.
  • FIG 2 showing partially sectioned the bearing (2), it is shown how the greasing holes (3) connect the outside of the bearing with the space in which the rolling elements (cylinders, balls) (4) are immersed in a lubricating grease (not shown).
  • Figure 3 shows the disassembled device for cleaning object of the invention comprising:
  • a permanent magnetic element (7) that in a possible embodiment could be detachably attached to the free end of the base piece or bushing (5).
  • said free end has a threaded bore ( 6), while the permanent magnet has a threaded rod (8).
  • the base piece or bushing (5) has a base (9) from which a rod (10) of smaller diameter emerges than that of the base piece.
  • the length of the rod (10) is a function of the bearing, corresponding to the space between the outside of the bearing and the place where it comes into contact with the raceway.
  • the base (9) has a diameter greater than the diameter of the hole or the hole where it is introduced in order to ensure that the device does not penetrate more than the length of the rod (10).
  • the cleaning device can be externally threaded at least part of the length of the rod (10), the threaded hole (3) being on the other hand.
  • the free end of the permanent magnet (7) can be flat or have a curved plane termination so that it adapts to the shape of the greasing channel (1 1) (figure 2) in which case a form of ensure that this curved shape is aligned with the shape of the bearing in that part
  • Figure 4 shows the fully assembled cleaning device, where the permanent magnet is fixed on the free end of the rod (10) of the base piece or bushing (5).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device used to capture ferromagnetic particles embedded in the lubricating grease of bearings as a result of the friction between the rolling elements, the separator elements and the concentric rings between which the rolling elements are housed, the device being in the form of a cap that can be easily inserted into and removed from the holes of the bearings. The device comprises a cap or base part having a length and diameter that allow same to be inserted through the greasing holes of the cap so as to gain access to the raceway. A permanent magnetic element is disposed on the free end of the cap. The method allows the particles to be removed without needing to remove the grease and stop normal use of the bearing.

Description

DISPOSITIVO PARA LIMPIEZA DE PARTICULAS FERROMAGNÉTICAS DE RODAMIENTOS Y PROCEDIMIENTO DE LIMPIEZA DESCRIPCIÓN  DEVICE FOR CLEANING FERROMAGNETIC PARTICLES OF BEARINGS AND CLEANING PROCEDURE DESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Es objeto de la presente invención, tal y como el título de la invención establece, un dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas contenidas en los rodamientos, particularmente, contenidas en la grasa lubricante alojada dentro del propio rodamiento. It is an object of the present invention, as the title of the invention establishes, a device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles contained in the bearings, particularly, contained in the lubricating grease housed within the bearing itself.
También, es objeto de la invención el procedimiento de limpieza de dichas partículas contenidas en el interior de los rodamientos, en particular en la grasa lubricante. Also, the object of the invention is the process of cleaning said particles contained inside the bearings, in particular in the lubricating grease.
El dispositivo es de aplicación en rodamientos de grandes dimensiones, tales como los empleados en las palas de aerogeneradores, maquinaria para la construcción y/o para el tratamiento de aguas. The device is applicable to large-scale bearings, such as those used in wind turbine blades, construction machinery and / or water treatment.
Caracteriza al presente dispositivo su especial configuración y diseño que hacen del mismo un elemento útil y sencillo en su utilización, siendo de especial eficacia para la retirada de partículas ferromagnéticas. The present device characterizes its special configuration and design that make it a useful and simple element in its use, being especially effective for the removal of ferromagnetic particles.
Caracteriza al método empleado, el hecho de precisar en su aplicación del dispositivo objeto de la invención, derivando en un método sencillo de aplicación, fácil y eficaz en su resultado, no precisando interrumpir el funcionamiento del rodamiento. It characterizes the method used, the need to specify in its application of the device object of the invention, resulting in a simple method of application, easy and effective in its result, not needing to interrupt the operation of the bearing.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Mantener un lubricante libre de partículas, intentando que esté lo más limpio posible en el interior de los rodamientos del tipo mencionado, resulta de gran  Maintaining a lubricant free of particles, trying to be as clean as possible inside the bearings of the mentioned type, is of great
HOJA DE REEMPLAZO (REGLA 26) importancia, a fin de garantizar el correcto funcionamiento y la seguridad que ofrecen dichos rodamientos, así como alargar la vida de los mismos. REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26) importance, in order to guarantee the correct operation and safety offered by said bearings, as well as extend their life.
Los rodamientos lubricados con grasa suelen estar formados, en general, por uno o varios anillos concéntricos, entre los que se disponen elementos de rodadura (bolas, rodillos, etc.) inmersos en grasa, en los que la grasa tiene entre otros objetivos el de generar una capa de grasa en el contacto de cada elemento rodante y los anillos entre los que se encuentra alojado, con el objetivo de reducir la fricción entre los elementos, generando un contacto adecuado y reduciendo al máximo los efectos derivados del contacto metal (elemento rodante) - metal (pista), además de resultar como un elemento clave evitar la corrosión. Bearings lubricated with grease are usually formed, in general, by one or several concentric rings, among which are rolling elements (balls, rollers, etc.) immersed in grease, in which the grease has among other objectives that of generate a layer of grease on the contact of each rolling element and the rings between which it is housed, in order to reduce friction between the elements, generating adequate contact and minimizing the effects derived from metal contact (rolling element ) - metal (track), in addition to being a key element to prevent corrosion.
Por otro lado, la fricción de los elementos de rodadura y de los elementos separadores de los mismos, en los que están alojados, sobre las pistas de rodadura habilitadas en los anillos, provoca el desgaste de los elementos rodantes, elementos separadores y pistas de rodadura. Este desgaste y contacto continuo hace que se generen pequeñas partículas metálicas que pueden derivar en daños, cuyo control y retirada resulta altamente necesaria para prevenir averías y/o reducir las tareas de mantenimiento. On the other hand, the friction of the rolling elements and the separating elements thereof, in which they are housed, on the raceways enabled in the rings, causes wear of the rolling elements, separating elements and raceways. . This wear and continuous contact causes small metal particles to be generated that can lead to damage, whose control and removal is highly necessary to prevent breakdowns and / or reduce maintenance.
Actualmente, no existe un sistema específico para limpiar la grasa alojada y trabajada dentro del rodamiento. Existen métodos para retirar toda la grasa del rodamiento y, una vez vacío, engrasar de nuevo utilizando lubricante no trabajado/limpio (flushing). Esto resulta caro en lo relativo al mantenimiento y, en algunos casos, no asegura la retirada de toda la grasa y mucho menos de todas las partículas metálicas del rodamiento, e implica una interrupción en el funcionamiento de la máquina en la que está montado. Dentro de las aplicaciones de mantenimiento, una de las formas más habituales de controlar la condición de la grasa es recoger muestras de la grasa trabajada del interior del rodamiento (normalmente a través de los botes de recogida de grasa) y medir fuera su contenido en partículas metálicas, para así deducir su estado y plantear acciones correctivas en base al estado de cada rodamiento. Currently, there is no specific system to clean the grease lodged and worked inside the bearing. There are methods to remove all grease from the bearing and, once empty, re-grease using unworked / clean lubricant (flushing). This is expensive in terms of maintenance and, in some cases, does not ensure the removal of all grease and much less from all the metallic particles of the bearing, and implies an interruption in the operation of the machine on which it is mounted. Within maintenance applications, one of the most common ways to control the condition of the grease is to collect samples of the worked grease from the inside of the bearing (usually through the grease collection boats) and measure out its particle content metallic, for thus deduct its status and propose corrective actions based on the state of each bearing.
En otro tipo de aplicaciones industriales, se han diseñado diferentes dispositivos para la retirada de partículas ferromagnéticas, como por ejemplo dispositivos para la retirada de objetos metálicos de pozos, que tiene un cuerpo que presenta un sistema magnético con ¡manes permanentes, comprende uno o dos circuitos magnéticos longitudinales entre los que se disponen ¡manes permanentes. In other types of industrial applications, different devices have been designed for the removal of ferromagnetic particles, such as devices for the removal of metallic objects from wells, which has a body that has a magnetic system with permanent magnets, comprises one or two longitudinal magnetic circuits between which permanent magnets are arranged.
Se conocen otros dispositivos para la retirada de partículas magnéticas, como el mostrado en la patente JPH06181 1 16, pero está pensado para retirada de partículas de sitios difíciles de acceder y de un mayor tamaño. Se desconocen dispositivos para la limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas alojadas en la grasa de rodamientos, también se desconocen métodos de limpieza de partículas alojadas en la grasa de rodamientos que no supongan el vaciado de la grasa y en consecuencia la parada de la máquina en la que estaba alojado. Other devices for the removal of magnetic particles are known, such as that shown in JPH06181 1 16, but it is intended for removal of particles from hard-to-access and larger sites. Devices for the cleaning of ferromagnetic particles housed in the bearing grease are unknown, methods for cleaning particles lodged in the bearing grease that do not involve the emptying of the grease and consequently the stopping of the machine in which it was located are also unknown. hosted.
Por lo tanto, es objeto de la presente invención desarrollar un dispositivo que permita la retirada de partículas ferromagnéticas alojadas en la grasa de lubricación de rodamientos, así como un método de limpieza y retirada de dichas partículas que no suponga la retirada de la grasa utilizada y posterior adición de una grasa nueva o la misma grasa previamente limpiada, que redunda en una interrupción del funcionamiento del rodamiento, desarrollando un dispositivo como el que a continuación se describe y queda recogido en su esencialidad en la primera reivindicación, así como un método que emplee dicho dispositivo. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to develop a device that allows the removal of ferromagnetic particles lodged in the bearing lubrication grease, as well as a method of cleaning and removal of said particles that does not involve the removal of the used grease and subsequent addition of a new grease or the same previously cleaned grease, which results in an interruption of the operation of the bearing, developing a device like the one described below and is collected in its essentiality in the first claim, as well as a method that employs said device.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
El dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas alojadas en la grasa de lubricación de rodamientos, particularmente de grandes rodamientos, está conformado a modo de casquillo / utillaje que se aloja en el rodamiento, en los agujeros engrasadores de los rodamientos, es decir, contaría con un diámetro y longitud adecuados, en correspondencia con los agujeros engrasadores de los rodamientos. The device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles housed in the lubrication grease of bearings, particularly large bearings, is formed as a bushing / tooling that is housed in the bearing, in the bearings. greasing holes of the bearings, that is, would have a suitable diameter and length, corresponding to the greasing holes of the bearings.
Asimismo, dicho dispositivo se podría ubicar en otros agujeros realizados específicamente en el rodamiento para dicho fin.  Also, said device could be located in other holes made specifically in the bearing for said purpose.
El dispositivo, que está conformado a modo de casquillo, está diseñado de tal manera que se puede montar y retirar de manera sencilla, además de cumplir la función de capturar las partículas ferromagnéticas inmersas en la grasa de lubricación, resultado de la fricción entre los elementos de rodadura, elementos separadores y los anillos concéntricos entre los que se alojan dichos elementos de rodadura. The device, which is shaped like a bushing, is designed in such a way that it can be mounted and removed in a simple way, in addition to fulfilling the function of capturing ferromagnetic particles immersed in the lubrication grease, resulting from friction between the elements of rolling, separating elements and concentric rings between which said rolling elements are housed.
El dispositivo comprende una pieza base o casquillo de longitud y diámetro tales que permitan su introducción en el rodamiento hasta la pista de rodadura, preferentemente a través de los agujeros engrasadores del casquillo. Sobre el extremo del casquillo que se introduce en el rodamiento hay dispuesto un elemento magnético permanente desmontable. En una posible forma de realización, dicho elemento magnético desmontable cuenta con un entrante roscado sobre el que se fija un imán de configuración anular que, en una de sus bases, cuenta con un vástago roscado para su fijación sobre el extremo libre del casquillo, formando un conjunto unido separable. The device comprises a base piece or bushing of length and diameter such that they allow its introduction into the bearing to the raceway, preferably through the greasing holes of the bushing. A detachable permanent magnetic element is arranged on the end of the bushing that is inserted into the bearing. In a possible embodiment, said removable magnetic element has a threaded recess on which an annular configuration magnet is fixed which, on one of its bases, has a threaded rod for fixing on the free end of the bushing, forming a detachable united set.
El dispositivo, una vez alojado en su agujero, al contar con un imán permanente en su extremo libre, permite de manera continua, y sin interrupción del normal funcionamiento del rodamiento, atraer y retener en el imán permanente las partículas ferromagnéticas que, arrastradas por la grasa, que pasen próximas al imán. The device, once housed in its hole, having a permanent magnet at its free end, allows continuously, and without interruption of the normal operation of the bearing, attract and retain in the permanent magnet the ferromagnetic particles that, dragged by the grease, that pass close to the magnet.
Los agujeros donde se introduce el dispositivo para limpieza pueden ser los agujeros engrasadores o cualquier otra perforación que permita el acceso al canal de engrase del rodamiento, entendiendo por canal de engrase de un rodamiento el canal existente entre los elementos de rodadura y los anillos entre los cuales se encuentran alojados específicamente realizado para permitir la circulación de la grasa. Por otro lado, el proceso de limpieza de los rodamientos se realizaría con el dispositivo anteriormente descrito y contaría con los pasos de: The holes where the cleaning device is inserted can be the greasing holes or any other perforation that allows access to the bearing greasing channel, understood as the greasing channel of a bearing the existing channel between the rolling elements and the rings between which they are housed specifically made to allow the circulation of grease. On the other hand, the cleaning process of the bearings would be carried out with the device described above and would have the steps of:
- Retirada de los tapones u obturadores de los agujeros de acceso al interior del rodamiento, preferentemente, los agujeros engrasadores. - Remove the plugs or seals from the access holes inside the bearing, preferably the grease holes.
- Introducción, en cada uno de estos agujeros de los dispositivos de limpieza capturadores de partículas ferromagnéticas - Introduction, in each of these holes of the cleaning devices captors of ferromagnetic particles
- Mantenimiento de los dispositivos en los rodamientos durante un tiempo, que puede ser de semanas o meses, durante el cual los dispositivos atraen y retienen las partículas ferromagnéticas libres en la grasa lubricadora, que hayan pasado próximas al extremo del dispositivo - Retirada de los dispositivos capturadores  - Maintenance of the devices in the bearings for a time, which may be weeks or months, during which the devices attract and retain free ferromagnetic particles in the lubricating grease, which have passed close to the end of the device - Removal of the devices captors
- Cierre de los agujeros del rodamiento con los tapones y obturadores.  - Close the bearing holes with the caps and seals.
Gracias al dispositivo diseñado se consiguen varios efectos positivos, tanto en el procedimiento, como en la eficacia de la retirada de dichas partículas ferromagnéticas. Thanks to the designed device, several positive effects are achieved, both in the procedure and in the efficiency of the removal of said ferromagnetic particles.
- No se hace necesario retirar la grasa alojada en el interior de los rodamientos. Además, hay que tener en cuenta que la total retirada de la grasa no es posible, por lo que aún en el caso de tratar de retirar toda la grasa, quedaría una grasa residual con partículas en su interior.  - It is not necessary to remove the grease lodged inside the bearings. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the total removal of fat is not possible, so even in the case of trying to remove all the fat, a residual fat would remain with particles inside.
- Como consecuencia del empleo del presente dispositivo no se hace necesario desmontar el rodamiento para su limpieza y, por lo tanto, se evita la parada de la máquina en la que está montado.  - As a consequence of the use of the present device, it is not necessary to disassemble the bearing for cleaning and, therefore, the stop of the machine on which it is mounted is avoided.
- Supone un ahorro en el consumo de la grasa de lubricación, ya que es la misma grasa la que se reutiliza.  - It means savings in the consumption of lubrication grease, since it is the same grease that is reused.
- Se produce una retirada efectiva de las partículas ferromagnéticas.  - There is an effective removal of ferromagnetic particles.
Salvo que se indique lo contrario, todos los elementos técnicos y científicos usados en la presente memoria poseen el significado que habitualmente entiende un experto normal en la técnica a la que pertenece esta invención. En la práctica de la presente invención se pueden usar procedimientos y materiales similares o equivalentes a los descritos en la memoria. A lo largo de la descripción y de las reivindicaciones la palabra "comprende" y sus variantes no pretenden excluir otras características técnicas, aditivos, componentes o pasos. Para los expertos en la materia, otros objetos, ventajas y características de la invención se desprenderán en parte de la descripción y en parte de la práctica de la invención. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific elements used herein have the meaning that usually It is understood by a person skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. In the practice of the present invention procedures and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used. Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña, como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente.  To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, an integral set of said description is accompanied by a set of drawings where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented.
La figura 1 representa una vista exterior del rodamiento montando con una pala donde aparecen los agujeros en los que se introducirán los dispositivos para limpieza. Figure 1 represents an external view of the bearing mounted with a shovel where the holes appear in which the cleaning devices will be introduced.
La figura 2 representa una vista cortada del interior del rodamiento en donde se muestra un agujero empleado para introducir el dispositivo en cuestión. Figure 2 represents a cut view of the inside of the bearing showing a hole used to introduce the device in question.
La figura 3 representa el conjunto por separado del dispositivo en el que se diferencian los componentes dispuestos. Figure 3 represents the separate assembly of the device in which the arranged components are differentiated.
La figura 4 representa una vista general del conjunto del dispositivo montando. Figure 4 represents a general view of the assembly of the mounting device.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION.
A la vista de las figuras se describe seguidamente un modo de realización preferente de la invención propuesta. En la figura 1 podemos observar de manera esquemática una parte de una pala (1 ) de un aerogenerador sobre el que está montado un rodamiento (2) que presenta sobre su periferia uno o varios agujeros engrasadores (3). En la figura 2, que muestra parcialmente seccionado el rodamiento (2), se muestra como los agujeros engrasadores (3) conectan el exterior del rodamiento con el espacio en el que se alojan los elementos de rodadura (cilindros, bolas) (4) inmersos en una grasa lubricante (no representada). En la figura 3 se muestra desmontado el dispositivo para limpieza objeto de la invención que comprende: In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention is described below. In figure 1 we can schematically observe a part of a blade (1) of a wind turbine on which a bearing (2) is mounted, which has one or more greasing holes (3) on its periphery. In figure 2, showing partially sectioned the bearing (2), it is shown how the greasing holes (3) connect the outside of the bearing with the space in which the rolling elements (cylinders, balls) (4) are immersed in a lubricating grease (not shown). Figure 3 shows the disassembled device for cleaning object of the invention comprising:
- una pieza base o casquillo (5) de longitud y diámetro tales que permitan su introducción a través de unos de los agujeros de un rodamiento hasta acceder a la pista de rodadura,  - a base piece or bush (5) of length and diameter such that they can be introduced through one of the holes of a bearing until the raceway is accessed,
- un elemento magnético permanente (7) que en una posible forma de realización pudiera estar unido de manera desmontable sobre el extremo libre de la pieza base o casquillo (5).  - a permanent magnetic element (7) that in a possible embodiment could be detachably attached to the free end of the base piece or bushing (5).
Sobre el extremo libre de la pieza base o casquillo (5), en una posible forma de realización, y con objeto de lograr una unión desmontable entre la pieza base y el imán permanente (7), dicho extremo libre cuenta con una perforación roscada (6), mientras que el imán permanente cuenta con un vástago roscado (8). On the free end of the base piece or bushing (5), in a possible embodiment, and in order to achieve a removable joint between the base piece and the permanent magnet (7), said free end has a threaded bore ( 6), while the permanent magnet has a threaded rod (8).
La pieza base o casquillo (5) presenta una base (9) de la que emerge un vás- tago (10) de diámetro inferior al de la pieza base. The base piece or bushing (5) has a base (9) from which a rod (10) of smaller diameter emerges than that of the base piece.
La longitud del vástago (10) es función del rodamiento, correspondiendo al espacio existente entre el exterior del rodamiento y el lugar donde entra en contacto con la pista de rodadura. La base (9) tiene un diámetro superior al diámetro del agujero o la perforación donde se introduce con objeto de asegurar que el dispositivo no penetra más que la longitud del vástago (10).  The length of the rod (10) is a function of the bearing, corresponding to the space between the outside of the bearing and the place where it comes into contact with the raceway. The base (9) has a diameter greater than the diameter of the hole or the hole where it is introduced in order to ensure that the device does not penetrate more than the length of the rod (10).
De manera complementaria, para asegurar que el dispositivo para limpieza no se salga de la perforación una vez introducido puede estar roscado exterior- mente en al menos parte de la longitud del vástago (10), estando por otro lado, el agujero (3) roscado. El extremo libre del imán permanente (7) puede ser plano o presentar una terminación en forma de plano curvo de forma que se adapte a la forma del canal de engrase (1 1 ) (figura 2) en cuyo caso hay que incorporar un forma de asegurar que esta forma curva está alineada con la forma del rodamiento en esa parte In addition, to ensure that the cleaning device does not Once the hole is inserted, it can be externally threaded at least part of the length of the rod (10), the threaded hole (3) being on the other hand. The free end of the permanent magnet (7) can be flat or have a curved plane termination so that it adapts to the shape of the greasing channel (1 1) (figure 2) in which case a form of ensure that this curved shape is aligned with the shape of the bearing in that part
En la figura 4 se muestra el dispositivo para limpieza completamente montado, donde el imán permanente está fijado sobre el extremo libre del vástago (10) de la pieza base o casquillo (5). Figure 4 shows the fully assembled cleaning device, where the permanent magnet is fixed on the free end of the rod (10) of the base piece or bushing (5).
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, se hace constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba, siempre que no altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental. Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is noted that, within its essentiality, it may be implemented in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example. , and which will also achieve the protection sought, provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.
HOJA DE REEMPLAZO (REGLA 26) REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, caracterizado porque comprende: one . - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, characterized in that it comprises:
- una pieza base o casquillo (5) de longitud y diámetro tales que permitan su introducción a través de unos agujeros de un rodamiento hasta acceder a la pista de rodadura de un rodamiento,  - a base piece or bushing (5) of length and diameter such that they allow it to be introduced through holes in a bearing until access to the raceway of a bearing,
- un elemento magnético permanente (7) situado sobre el extremo libre de la pieza base o casquillo (5).  - a permanent magnetic element (7) located on the free end of the base piece or bushing (5).
2. - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la pieza base o casquillo (5) presenta una base (9) de la que emerge un vástago (10) de diámetro inferior al de la pieza base (9). 2. - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, according to claim 1, characterized in that the base piece or bushing (5) has a base (9) from which a rod (10) with a diameter smaller than the base part emerges (9).
3. - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque la longitud del vástago (10) es función del rodamiento, correspondiendo al espacio existente entre el exterior del rodamiento y el lugar donde entra en contacto con la pista de rodadura. 3. - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of the rod (10) is a function of the bearing, corresponding to the space between the outside of the bearing and the place where it comes into contact with the track rolling.
4. - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, según la reivindicación 2 ó 3, caracterizado porque la base (9) tiene un diámetro superior al diámetro del agujero o la perforación donde se introduce con ob- jeto de asegurar que el dispositivo no penetra más que la longitud del vástago (10). 4. - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the base (9) has a diameter greater than the diameter of the hole or the hole where it is inserted in order to ensure that the device does not penetrates more than the length of the stem (10).
5. - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque el vástago (10) está roscado exteriormente en al menos parte de su longitud. 5. - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the rod (10) is externally threaded at least part of its length.
6. - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque el extremo libre del imán permanente (7) es plano 6. - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the free end of the permanent magnet (7) is flat
HOJA DE REEMPLAZO (REGLA 26) REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26)
7. - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5 caracterizado porque el extremo libre del imán permanente (7) presenta una terminación en forma de plano curvo de forma que se adape a la forma del canal de engrase al que accede. 7. - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the free end of the permanent magnet (7) has a curved plane termination so that it adapts to the shape of the channel of grease the one who accesses.
8. - Dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque sobre el extremo libre de la pieza base o casquillo (5) hay realizada una perforación roscada (6), mientras que el imán permanente cuenta con un vástago roscado (8) para permitir la unión de manera desmontable sobre el extremo libre.  8. - Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the free end of the base piece or bush (5) there is a threaded bore (6), while the permanent magnet has a threaded rod (8) to allow the detachable connection on the free end.
9. - Procedimiento para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos empleando el dispositivo según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones antenores caracterizado porque comprende las etapas de 9. - Procedure for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings using the device according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises the steps of
- Retirada de los tapones u obturadores de los agujeros (3) de los rodamientos (2).  - Removal of the caps or seals from the holes (3) of the bearings (2).
- Introducción en cada uno de los agujeros (3) de los dispositivos de limpieza capturadores de partículas ferromagnéticas  - Introduction in each of the holes (3) of the cleaning devices capturing ferromagnetic particles
- Mantenimiento de los dispositivos en los rodamientos durante un tiempo durante el cual los dispositivos atraen y retienen las partículas ferromagnéticas libres en la grasa lubricadora que hayan pasado próximas al extremo del dispositivo  - Maintenance of the devices in the bearings during a time during which the devices attract and retain free ferromagnetic particles in the lubricating grease that have passed close to the end of the device
- Retirada de los dispositivos capturadores o de limpieza  - Removal of capture or cleaning devices
- Cierre de los agujeros con los tapones y obturadores.  - Close the holes with the plugs and seals.
10. - Procedimiento para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas de rodamientos según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque el tiempo de funcionamiento normal es de semanas y meses. 10. - Procedure for cleaning ferromagnetic particles of bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that the normal operating time is weeks and months.
1 1 . - Rodamiento en el que está montado un dispositivo para limpieza de partículas ferromagnéticas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 8. eleven . - Bearing in which a device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles according to any of claims 1 to 8 is mounted.
HOJA DE REEMPLAZO (REGLA 26) REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26)
PCT/ES2016/070231 2016-04-06 2016-04-06 Device for cleaning ferromagnetic particles from bearings and cleaning method WO2017174832A1 (en)

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