WO2017171362A2

WO2017171362A2 - Combustion apparatus using charcoal kiln

Info

Publication number: WO2017171362A2
Application number: PCT/KR2017/003344
Authority: WO
Inventors: 임성만
Original assignee: (주)한길에너지; 임성만
Priority date: 2016-04-01
Filing date: 2017-03-28
Publication date: 2017-10-05
Also published as: WO2017171362A3; KR101775015B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus using a charcoal kiln and, more particularly, to a combustion apparatus for maximizing calorific power by complete combustion in such a manner that combustion is performed by injecting wood into a charcoal kiln structure formed by stacking refractory bricks and air is moved in the reverse direction so that a pyrolyzed gas is combusted while passing through a combustion layer to increase the calorific power; the air is preheated and then supplied to the combustion layer to minimize heat loss so that combustion temperature is raised up to 1000-1500℃ to complete the combustion; and a water circulation pipe is installed under the combustion layer to prevent the combustion temperature from rising rapidly due to water circulation, thereby improving stability.

Description

Combustion device using charcoal kiln

The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus using a charcoal kiln, and more particularly, the wood is put into a charcoal kiln structure formed by stacking refractory bricks so that combustion occurs, but the air is moved in the reverse direction to burn the pyrolyzed gas as it passes through the combustion bed. To increase the calorific value, and the air supplied to the combustion layer is also preheated and then supplied to minimize the heat loss inside the combustion chamber, thereby increasing the combustion temperature to 1000 ~ 1500 ℃ to achieve complete combustion. The present invention relates to a combustion device that maximizes the amount of heat generated by complete combustion, which prevents the combustion temperature from rising rapidly due to the water circulation by improving the stability of the circulation pipe.

In general, due to depletion of coal and petroleum resources and gases from the combustion process of coal and petroleum, there are many problems such as environmental pollution. Therefore, alternative fuel development and eco-friendly fuel development are actively progressed. A lot of researches have been done, and a typical firewood stove and a firewood boiler have been developed.

However, the firewood stove and the firewood boiler by the reverse combustion method have the advantage of high thermal efficiency compared with the general combustion method, but the large amount of heat is supplied through the communication through the supply of a large amount of air, and low It is difficult to burn continuously for a long time with calories.

Therefore, there is a need for a study on a combustion method that can reduce the amount of heat that passes through communication and continuously burn it for a long time with low calories.

Korean Patent No. 10-0385928 (registered on May 19, 2003; hereafter referred to as 'Previous Document 1') indicates that the wood chips of the wood grinder are inserted into the charcoal manufacturing tank through the transfer conveyor, the wood chip inlet, and the screw conveyor. An activated carbon manufacturing unit configured to indirectly burn wood chips as heat energy is supplied to a heat dissipation duct to produce activated carbon, and heat energy discharged from the heat dissipation duct is recovered through a heat dissipation discharge tube and a heat recovery tube; The combustion gas in the charcoal manufacturing tank is configured to recover the first and second wood liquor recovery tanks through the combustion gas discharge pipe, and the combustion gas introduced from the first and second wood liquor recovery tanks is cooled by a plurality of cooling water pipes to sequentially recover the wood vinegar liquor. Presented activated carbon and wood vinegar production apparatus consisting of; wood vinegar manufacturing unit configured to.

Prior art 1 is to indirectly transfer the heat of the burner to the wood to form charcoal, a method of recovering and resupply part of the discharged heat has been applied, but the recovered heat is supplied by diluting the combustion heat of the burner It is only an indirect heat source and is different from the method of maximizing the amount of heat generated by increasing the heat of combustion.

Korean Utility Model Registration No. 20-0388639 (registered on June 23, 2005; hereafter referred to as 'Previous Document 2') includes a lower surface of a circular or polygonal shape and a side surface connected vertically from the outer periphery of the lower surface. An outer housing formed of an upper surface bent inwardly from an upper end of the side surface, the outer housing forming a constant space portion at which the upper portion is opened and the remaining surface is blocked; An inner housing spaced apart from the outer housing by a predetermined distance, the upper side of which is in contact with the outer housing, the lower housing being extended by a predetermined distance to the lower portion to temporarily store wood in the inner space and to ignite a fire from the upper side; A cylindrical chimney extending from a space formed between the outer housing and the inner housing, the cylinder chimney being output to the outside from one end of the side surface of the outer housing in the form of a needle; A ventilation fan installed at one end of the chimney and forcibly discharging the heat generated when burning wood by sucking air through a space formed between the outer housing and the inner housing; An uneven partition wall disposed to be spaced apart from the side surface of the outer housing by a predetermined distance and spaced apart from the inner housing by a predetermined distance to form a water storage space; A bulkhead cylinder installed downwardly perpendicular to a lower end of the inner housing to separate a tree installation space and an outer exhaust port; The heat is directly received from the wood ignited and installed in the inner and outer sides of the bulkhead cylinder and directly received the heat exiting the outside exhaust port to warm water, and the hot water input pipe and the hot water output pipe are connected to the outside, respectively. An inner coil for circulating hot water and an outer coil for generating hot water; The upside down charcoal kiln boiler is installed, characterized in that it comprises a direct input pipe and a direct output pipe for circulating hot water is installed respectively at the lower end and the upper end of the outer housing.

The prior document 2 is the wood burning proceeds downward to change to charcoal first, and the method of recharging the charcoal is applied to maximize the thermal efficiency, but the heat loss inside the combustion chamber due to the low-temperature air because it supplies air directly from the outside This is difficult to form a combustion temperature of 1000 ° C or more, it is difficult to complete combustion.

Therefore, there is a need for a new type of combustion apparatus capable of forming a combustion temperature of 1000 ° C. or more using wood.

The combustion device using the charcoal of the present invention,

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device capable of completely burning by providing a combustion temperature of 1000 ° C. or more through the air flow, but using wood as a raw material.

Combustion apparatus using a charcoal of the present invention for achieving the above object,

In a combustion apparatus in which a combustion chamber is formed of a refractory member, the combustion chamber is formed by stacking the refractory member to form an internal space, and divide the internal space into three rows by partitioning the upper and lower partitions and the partitioned lower space into three rows. Opening the lower part of the second combustion chamber while communicating the second combustion chamber, which is the middle row, and the air supply chambers, which are spaces on both sides of the lower space, are formed with a plurality of air circulation holes communicating with the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber, and the second combustion chamber has a lower portion. A combustion chamber in which a discharge opening having an opening is formed to allow exhaust of the burned gas or the burned gas to be completed; Located at the lower part of the combustion chamber, a plurality of support members are disposed to support the bottom of the combustion chamber so that a space is formed in the lower part of the combustion chamber, and the support member located at the second combustion chamber outlet portion narrows the distance between the adjacent support members. An exhaust chamber which prevents the combustion fuel from falling to the lower portion and only the ash which has been burned off falls, and the exhaust gas exhausted from the second combustion chamber is heat exchanged in contact with the lower wall and the side wall of the air supply chamber and then exhausted to the outside; An air supply pipe for supplying external air to the air supply chamber; And a fuel inlet as opening / closing means for injecting combustion fuel into the first combustion chamber of the combustion chamber.

The air supply chamber is configured to separate the interior into a first air supply chamber and a second air supply chamber as a vertical partition or a horizontal partition, wherein the separated first air supply chamber has a plurality of air distribution holes communicating with the first combustion chamber and the separation The second air supply chamber may have a plurality of air distribution holes communicating with the second combustion chamber.

In addition, the air supply chamber communicates with the exhaust chamber by removing the wall in contact with the exhaust chamber, pipe the air supply pipe in the space in which the air supply chamber is located with two, and each air supply pipe to form a plurality of air supply branch to the side, The pipe may be connected to each of the plurality of air flow holes formed in the first combustion chamber or the second combustion chamber.

In addition, the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber is an external air supply pipe for supplying external air directly; may be further installed.

In addition, the outlet portion of the second combustion chamber and the water circulation pipe piped on the upper support member; A heat exchanger in which heat exchange is performed with the water circulation pipe; may be further installed.

The exhaust chamber is configured to surround only the lower part of the combustion chamber and the side wall of the air supply chamber of the combustion chamber so that the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust chamber exhaust gas is discharged to the side by rotating the outside of the air supply chamber of the combustion chamber. Multiple ash outlets for discharging may be formed.

In addition, the exhaust chamber is configured to be spaced apart from the side and the upper surface of the combustion chamber by a predetermined distance so as to contain the combustion chamber so that the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the combustion chamber is exhausted to the upper by turning the combustion chamber, and the ash on the lower side A plurality of ash discharge ports for discharging the gas may be formed.

The combustion device using the charcoal of the present invention by the above solution means,

By using wood as a raw material, it is possible to provide a combustion device capable of maximizing the amount of heat generated by maintaining the temperature of the combustion bed above 1000 ° C by controlling the temperature of the reverse air flow and the supplied air.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2a to 2d are front and side cross-sectional views showing various forms of the air supply chamber according to the present invention.

3 is a block diagram showing a combustion apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a combustion apparatus piped water loss pipe.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the accompanying drawings are only examples for easily describing the content and scope of the technical idea of the present invention, and thus the technical scope of the present invention is not limited or changed. In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the present invention based on these examples.

1 is a schematic block diagram showing a combustion apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As described above, the combustion apparatus 10 according to the present invention includes a combustion chamber 20 in which a refractory member is stacked to form an internal combustion space, and an exhaust chamber disposed under the combustion chamber to discharge exhausted exhaust gas. 30).

The combustion chamber 20 divides the inner space up and down, and divides the partitioned lower space into three rows, thereby communicating the first combustion chamber 21 which is the upper space and the second combustion chamber 22 which is the middle row of the lower space. , And separated into air supply chambers 23 which are spaces on both sides of the lower space, and the air supply chamber 23 has a plurality of air distribution holes 231 formed on a surface in contact with the upper first combustion chamber and the side second combustion chamber. The air introduced into the supply chamber is introduced into each combustion chamber so that combustion occurs, and a fuel inlet 60 for supplying combustion fuel into the combustion chamber is formed on the side wall of the combustion chamber 20 of the first combustion chamber portion.

Here, the air supply chamber 23 allows air to flow into both the first combustion chamber 21 and the second combustion chamber 22 in one air supply chamber as shown in FIG. 1, or as shown in FIG. 2A. The space is partitioned into the first air supply chamber 234 and the second air supply chamber 235 by left and right by the vertical partition 232 so that the air supply pipe 50 is communicated with each other so that the outside air flows in, and the partitioned first The air supply chamber 234 supplies air to the first combustion chamber 21 through an air distribution hole 231 communicating with the first combustion chamber, and the second air supply chamber 235 communicates with the second combustion chamber. The air is supplied to the second combustion chamber 22 through 231. In this way, when the air is supplied to the combustion chamber through the air supply chamber, the air is preheated in the air supply chamber in the process of supplying air, and then supplied to the combustion chamber, thereby preventing the temperature decrease caused by the low temperature air supply at the combustion site, thereby further increasing the combustion temperature.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2B, the air supply chamber 23 is divided into a first air supply chamber 234 and a lower second air supply chamber 235 by a horizontal partition 233, and a first air supply chamber ( 234 communicates with the first combustion chamber 21 and the air distribution hole 231, and the second air supply chamber 235 communicates with the second combustion chamber 22 and the air distribution hole 231 to supply air. .

2C and 2D, the air supply chamber 23 may remove the wall contacting the exhaust chamber so that the air supply chamber may communicate with the exhaust chamber. In addition, two air supply pipes 50 are piped in each space where the air supply chamber is located, and a plurality of air supply branch pipes 51 corresponding to the air distribution holes 231 formed in the air supply chamber are formed on each air supply pipe side to provide air flow. By connecting and installing the air supply branch pipe 51 to the ball 231, the outside air is moved to the space where the air supply chamber is located along the air supply pipe 50 so that heat is exchanged with the exhaust gas that is exhausted, and preheated. The air is branched from the air supply pipe to the air supply branch 51, and is supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 or the second combustion chamber 22 through the air distribution hole 231 to perform combustion.

In addition, in addition to the air supply through the air supply chamber, the external air is directly supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 and the second combustion chamber 22 without preheating through the external air supply pipe 80 to supply relatively low temperature air. It can be supplied to lower the combustion temperature in the combustion zone and to proceed. That is, when external air is supplied to the first combustion chamber or the second combustion chamber through the air supply chamber, heated air may be supplied to increase the combustion temperature of the first combustion chamber or the second combustion chamber, but if the combustion temperature is formed above a predetermined temperature, Combustion temperature can be controlled through the air supply path, such as supplying external low temperature air directly through the external air supply pipe to lower the combustion temperature.

In addition, the air supply pipe (50) or the external air supply pipe (80) by adjusting the amount of air supplied by mounting the on-off valve or the flow control valve to adjust the degree of combustion, or by installing a blower fan for forced air supply Can provide.

In addition, the air supply chamber 23 has a portion in contact with the exhaust chamber to be described later to form a thin thickness of the refractory material to facilitate heat transfer from the exhaust gas, or the portion in contact with the exhaust chamber is formed of a metal material such as iron plate heat exchange This can be done easily. The refractory material in the present invention may be a refractory brick or a refractory plate, and the outer wall forming the air supply chamber is formed to be 1/5 to 3/5 thinner than the thickness of other combustion chamber walls so that external heat can be easily transferred to the inside. can do.

Next, the exhaust chamber 30 is positioned below the combustion chamber 20, and a plurality of support members 31 are disposed to support the bottom of the combustion chamber so that a space is formed below the combustion chamber, and the second combustion chamber outlet ( The support member 31 positioned at the portion 221 narrows the distance between the adjacent support members to prevent the unburned combustion fuel from falling to the bottom, and only the ash which has been burned down falls, and moves downward from the second combustion chamber 22. The exhaust gas, which is the exhausted combustion gas, is in contact with the lower wall and the side wall of the air supply chamber 23 to exchange heat with the air supply chamber and then be exhausted to the outside.

The exhaust chamber 30 is configured to surround only the lower side of the combustion chamber 20 and the side wall of the air supply chamber 23 of the combustion chamber, as shown in FIG. 1, to exhaust the exhaust chamber from the outlet 221 of the combustion chamber. Gas is discharged to the side by rotating the outside of the air supply chamber of the combustion chamber to exchange heat with the air inside the air supply chamber, and one or more ash outlets 32 are formed at the lower side of the ash to discharge ashes loaded therein. Can be.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust chamber 30 may be configured to be spaced apart from a side surface and an upper surface of the combustion chamber by a predetermined distance to include the combustion chamber 20. When configured in this way, since the hot exhaust gas discharged downward from the discharge port 221 of the combustion chamber rises along the side after turning around the lower portion of the combustion chamber, it can be exchanged with the air inside the air supply chamber. In addition, a plurality of ash outlets 32 for discharging ashes loaded therein may be formed at the lower side of the exhaust chamber. Since the combustion chamber includes a double chamber, internal heat loss can be minimized. In addition, the exhaust chamber may form the exhaust chamber by including all four sides of the combustion chamber or only two opposite sides of the combustion chamber.

In addition, although not shown, a copper tube through which the heat exchange medium is circulated may be disposed on a flow path through which the high temperature exhaust gas is discharged, which is the inner wall of the exhaust chamber, to allow heat recovery. It is possible to adjust the flow of.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the combustion apparatus 10 according to the present invention, a water circulation pipe 40 may be further piped to a portion of the outlet 221 of the second combustion chamber 22. The water circulation pipe 40 may be piped on the upper portion of the support member 31 located in the outlet portion of the second combustion chamber, and when the spacing of the water circulation tube is densely formed, the space between the support members is widened and the support member ( 31 supports the water circulation pipe, and the water circulation pipe 40 can prevent the unburned combustion fuel from falling.

The water circulation tube 40 absorbs the heat of the second combustion chamber 22 to lower the combustion temperature of the second combustion chamber to limit the high temperature combustion region to the second combustion chamber. Can be adjusted to increase or decrease.

The water circulation pipe 40 may be piped to the outside of the combustion chamber, and may be connected to an external heat exchanger 70 to recover heat to be converted into heating water or other energy to be used.

This heat exchange may be installed in the discharge portion discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust chamber in addition to the water circulation pipe to recover the heat of the exhaust gas.

Briefly explaining the operating state of the combustion device configured as described above,

When fuel is injected into the first combustion chamber 21 through the fuel inlet 60 to perform combustion, and when air is injected through the first air supply chamber 234 and the second air supply chamber 235 which are air supply chambers, Combustion in the part of the air distribution hole 231 communicating with the first combustion chamber 21 in the first air supply chamber 234 and the part of the air distribution hole 231 communicating with the second combustion chamber 22 in the second air supply chamber 235. Is done.

In particular, since only a small amount of air is supplied from the first air supply chamber to the air distribution hole 231 of the first combustion chamber 21 through which air is supplied from the first air supply chamber, primary combustion occurs only in the vicinity of the air distribution hole. The heat generated by the heat is transferred to the entire first combustion chamber 21 to dry and pyrolyze the fuel to generate a large amount of flammable gas, and the wood-based fuel is carbonized because of high temperature and lean oxygen atmosphere.

The combustible gas and carbide generated in the first combustion chamber 21 are supplied to the second combustion chamber 22, and in the second combustion chamber, additional air is supplied from the second air supply chamber 235 to combust the combustible gas and the carbide. This can increase the internal combustion temperature by more than 1000 ℃.

That is, in the first combustion chamber 21, combustion is performed in a region near the air distribution hole 231, and the remaining fuel is pyrolyzed and deformed into charcoal by the heat of combustion, and the char is burned at a high temperature in the second combustion chamber 22. Is done. In this case, since the combustion temperature is formed in the second combustion chamber 22 from 1000 ° C to 1500 ° C, the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis in the first combustion chamber, or the remaining carbides and combustible materials left unburned, are burned at high temperature so that complete combustion is achieved. Can be done.

Exhaust gas from which the combustion discharged downward from the second combustion chamber 22 is completed is exhausted to the outside along the exhaust chamber 30 through the outer wall of the air supply chamber 23 of the combustion chamber, where heat exchange is performed with the air supply chamber 23. The temperature of the air supplied to the air supply chamber can be increased. Therefore, by raising the temperature of the air supplied to the first combustion chamber 21 and the second combustion chamber 22, it is possible to form a higher combustion temperature condition by preventing the temperature decrease by the air supply than directly supplying the external air. have.

In addition, the combustion temperature of the second combustion chamber 22 can be lowered by the water circulation pipe 40 piped to the lower part of the second combustion chamber, and the heat of the second combustion chamber can be recovered and used to convert to another energy. In particular, the water circulation pipe can quickly reduce the combustion temperature by increasing the circulation flow rate according to the combustion temperature.

The water moved to the water circulation pipe 40 is moved while absorbing the heat in the second combustion chamber 22 and phase-change to the gas phase, the heat is recovered through the heat exchanger 70, the recovered heat is heated or It can be used in various fields such as being used as energy supplied to other factories. In this case, heat may be recovered using various heat exchange media in addition to water in the water circulation tube.

In particular, the present invention provides a higher combustion temperature by combining the air flow control and preheating, despite the pit structure using a fire-resistant member to enable the realization of complete combustion.

Claims

In a combustion apparatus in which a combustion chamber is formed of a fireproof member,

The inner space is formed by stacking with a fireproof member, and the inner space is divided into three rows by the upper and lower partitions and the lower space partitioned therein, and the first combustion chamber 21, which is an upper space, and the second combustion chamber 22, which is an intermediate row of the lower space. While communicating, the lower part of the second combustion chamber is opened, and the air supply chamber 23, which is both spaces of the lower space, has a plurality of air flow holes 231 communicating with the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber, and the second combustion chamber has a lower portion. A combustion chamber 20 in which an outlet port 221 having an opening is formed to allow exhaust of the burned gas or the burned gas to be completed;

Located in the lower portion of the combustion chamber 20, a plurality of support members 31 are disposed to support the bottom surface of the combustion chamber so that a space is formed in the lower portion of the combustion chamber, and a support member positioned in the second combustion chamber outlet 221. By narrowing the interval between the adjacent support member to prevent the unburned combustion fuel falls to the bottom, only the ash is completed combustion falls, the exhaust gas exhausted from the second combustion chamber 22 is in contact with the lower wall and side wall of the air supply chamber An exhaust chamber 30 which exhausts heat after being exchanged with the outside;

An air supply pipe (50) for supplying external air to the air supply chamber (23); And

And a fuel inlet (60), which is an opening and closing means for injecting combustion fuel into the first combustion chamber of the combustion chamber.
The method of claim 1,

The air supply chamber 23 is configured to be separated into the first air supply chamber 234 and the second air supply chamber 235 by the vertical partition 232 or the horizontal partition 233, wherein the separated first air supply chamber And a plurality of air distribution holes communicating with the first combustion chamber, and wherein the separated second air supply chamber has a plurality of air distribution holes communicating with the second combustion chamber.
The method of claim 1,

The air supply chamber 23 removes a wall in contact with the exhaust chamber and communicates with the exhaust chamber. In the space where the air supply chamber is located, two air supply pipes 51 are piped, and each air supply pipe has a plurality of air supply pipes ( 51) to form a pipe so as to communicate with each of the plurality of air flow holes (231) formed in the first combustion chamber or the second combustion chamber side.
The method of claim 1,

And an external air direct supply pipe (80) for directly supplying external air to the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber.
The method of claim 1,

A water circulation pipe 40 piped on an upper portion of the support member 31 at an outlet 221 portion of the second combustion chamber;

And a heat exchanger (70) for exchanging heat with the water circulation pipe.
The method of claim 1,

The exhaust chamber 30 is configured to surround only the lower side of the combustion chamber 20 and the side wall of the air supply chamber 23 of the combustion chamber so that the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet 221 of the combustion chamber is outside the air supply chamber of the combustion chamber. Turn to be discharged to the side, the combustion device, characterized in that a plurality of ash discharge port 32 is formed in the lower side to discharge ash.
The method of claim 1,

The exhaust chamber 30 is configured to be spaced a predetermined distance from the side and the upper surface of the combustion chamber so as to contain the combustion chamber 20 so that the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet 221 of the combustion chamber turns around the combustion chamber and exhausts upward. And a plurality of ash discharge ports 32 are formed at the lower side of the ash to discharge ash.