CN211570538U - Heat exchange chamber of coke oven and coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat transfer chamber of coke oven, including the room body, the inside of the room body is multilayer structure, wears to locate respectively air passage and flue gas passageway in each layer of multilayer structure, make intercommunication in proper order between multilayer structure's the layer and the layer, air passage is used for and external environment intercommunication, flue gas passageway be used for with the coke oven combustion chamber found the flame path intercommunication. The utility model also provides a coke oven adopting the heat exchange chamber. The utility model discloses the simple structure of heat transfer chamber can effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency of coke oven.

Description

Heat exchange chamber of coke oven and coke oven

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coking, concretely relates to heat transfer chamber and contain coke oven of this heat transfer chamber.

Background

In the coking industry, when a coke oven is used for coking, the heat generated by the combustion of raw gas and air is generally used for heating a coking chamber to carbonize coal materials.

The conventional heat accumulating type coke oven is characterized in that a heat accumulating chamber is arranged below a combustion chamber at present, combustion-supporting gas and raw gas are preheated by utilizing the heat accumulating chamber at the same time, and then the combustion-supporting gas and the raw gas are mixed in the combustion chamber to be combusted, the heat accumulating chamber is complex in structure, poor in heat exchange effect, large in gas resistance, large in pressure drop and easy to generate gas cross leakage. Meanwhile, the temperature of the combustion chamber can reach 1280-1400 ℃, so that the damage to the wall of the combustion chamber is large. For the heat recovery coke oven, a horizontal coke oven is taken as a main part, a few are vertical coke ovens, and at present, the two coke ovens have no regenerator or preheating link.

The two heat recovery coke ovens each have their own features. For a horizontal coke oven, the horizontal coke oven has large structure occupation area and high investment cost, the width of a coal cake reaches 3-4m, the heat transfer effect is seriously influenced by an excessively wide coking chamber, the coking time is too long, and 1.5-4% of coal and coke are combusted by adopting a direct heating mode to supplement heat required by coal dry distillation, so that the productivity is reduced; for a vertical coke oven, when the volatile content of the blended coal is low in the conventional vertical (heat recovery) coke oven, the heat required by coal carbonization can not be self-sufficient, additional coal gas needs to be supplemented for afterburning, so that the heating efficiency is low, and the coke oven is unbalanced in heating and long in coking time due to different amounts of raw coke gas generated by different coking chambers in different coking periods.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a heat exchange chamber of a coke oven and a coke oven comprising the heat exchange chamber, which have simple structure and can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the coke oven, aiming at the defects existing in the prior art.

According to one aspect of the utility model, a heat exchange chamber of a coke oven is provided, the technical proposal is as follows:

a heat exchange chamber of a coke oven comprises a chamber body, the interior of the chamber body is of a multilayer structure, an air channel and a flue gas channel are respectively arranged in each layer of the multilayer structure in a penetrating way so as to ensure that the layers of the multilayer structure are sequentially communicated,

the air channel is used for being communicated with the external environment, and the smoke channel is used for being communicated with a vertical flue of a combustion chamber in the coke oven.

Preferably, the multilayer structure includes an air cushion layer and a heat exchange layer, the air cushion layer is disposed at a bottom position inside the chamber body, and the heat exchange layer is disposed above the air cushion layer.

Preferably, the heat exchange layer comprises a first heat exchange horizontal layer, a second heat exchange horizontal layer and a third heat exchange horizontal layer which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence,

in the first heat exchange horizontal layer, the second heat exchange horizontal layer and the third heat exchange horizontal layer, the communication positions corresponding to the adjacent two layers of air channels are arranged in a staggered mode, and the communication positions corresponding to the adjacent two layers of flue gas channels are arranged in a staggered mode.

Preferably, multilayer structure still includes the transition layer, on the third heat transfer horizontal layer was located to the transition layer, air passage and the flue gas passageway of each layer in multilayer structure separate through the partition wall, correspond to the flue gas passageway on transition layer includes settlement zone and ash removal waste gas way, the settlement zone is used for subsiding and comes from dust in the flue gas of vertical flue, ash removal waste gas way locates in the partition wall on transition layer, its entry locates the upper portion on transition layer, and with the settlement zone intercommunication, its export with correspond to the flue gas passageway intercommunication on third heat transfer horizontal layer.

Preferably, grate bricks are arranged in an air channel between the third heat exchange horizontal layer and the transition layer so as to enable air to uniformly enter the transition layer; and grate bricks are also arranged in the flue gas channel between the third heat exchange horizontal layer and the second heat exchange horizontal layer so that flue gas uniformly enters the second heat exchange horizontal layer.

Preferably, a plurality of inlets are arranged on the air channel corresponding to the air cushion layer and used for inputting combustion-supporting gas, and the inlets are uniformly distributed; a plurality of outlets are arranged on the smoke channel corresponding to the air cushion layer and used for discharging smoke, and the outlets are uniformly distributed.

Preferably, the number of the air channels and the number of the flue gas channels are respectively multiple columns, the number of the air channels and the number of the flue gas channels are the same, and the air channels and the flue gas channels are arranged alternately.

Preferably, the air channels and the flue gas channels corresponding to each layer are arranged at intervals through partition walls, the partition walls are built by silica bricks, the cross sections of the silica bricks are T-shaped, one wider end of each silica brick is provided with a groove, and one narrower end of each silica brick is provided with a bulge matched with the groove.

The heat exchange chamber of the coke oven of the utility model is used for replacing a heat accumulation chamber in the traditional coke oven structure when being applied to the coke oven, has simple structure, can improve the heat exchange efficiency because the heat exchange chamber adopts a multilayer structure with double channels of air and flue gas, and has good heat exchange effect; in addition, through setting up quartered air passage and flue gas passageway, become the long route of each layer series connection originally four sections parallelly connected short routes to can shorten the route of air and flue gas circulation and reduce the circulation resistance, make respective pressure drop reduce, make pressure differential between them reduce, and then reduced the risk that air and flue gas cross leak in the heat transfer chamber, can improve the stability and the reliability of heat transfer chamber.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coke oven, comprising:

a coke oven comprises an oven body, a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber are arranged in the oven body, the combustion chamber comprises a vertical flame path and an air path, the carbonization chamber is communicated with the vertical flame path, wherein a heat exchange chamber is also arranged in the oven body, the heat exchange chamber adopts the heat exchange chamber of the coke oven,

the air channel of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the air channel, and the flue gas channel of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the vertical flue.

Preferably, the coking chamber and the combustion chamber are arranged in parallel at the upper part of the coke oven; the coke oven also comprises a balance channel which is arranged at the top of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, is respectively communicated with the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber and is used for uniformly distributing combustible substances generated by the dry distillation of the coal in the carbonization chamber to the combustion chamber.

The utility model discloses a coke oven owing to be provided with the heat transfer room, can simplify the structure and improve heat recovery utilization ratio, because the high temperature flue gas that the combustion chamber produced only preheats combustion air, therefore can suitably reduce the temperature (1100) of the combustion chamber of the coke oven that adopts this heat transfer room structure (1250 ℃), reduces the damage to the combustion chamber wall body. Specifically, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

(1) the heating speed is high, and the coking time can be shortened.

Different with traditional horizontal coke oven, the utility model discloses coke oven's carbomorphism room sets up to high thin form, and carbomorphism room and combustion chamber set up side by side, make the briquette that thin high form was placed in the carbomorphism room can absorb the heat of combustion chamber transmission with the dry distillation coke, and make carbomorphism room and combustion chamber contact area between them increase, and the air is by supreme segmentation down and supply upright flame path, the homogeneity of the high (vertical direction) temperature field of upright flame path has been optimized, cross-over hole and circulation hole in traditional exhaust gas circulation formula upright flame path have been cancelled, make and be full back flame air current in the upright flame path, all can transfer heat for adjacent carbomorphism room, heat transfer speed and effect can be improved, shorten the coking time.

(2) The indirect heating is adopted, no coal loss is caused, and the productivity can be improved.

The coking chambers and the combustion chambers are arranged in parallel and alternately and are independent from each other, so that the burning loss caused by the ignition of coal or coke at the upper part in the coking chamber for heat supply and the ignition of the coal or coke at the upper part in the prior art is avoided, the coke capacity is further influenced, and the per-ton coke yield can be improved by 1.5-4 percent compared with a horizontal coke oven.

(3) The heating is more uniform, and the coke quality and yield can be improved.

By arranging the balance channel, the raw gas is distributed in a balanced manner, so that the difference between the quantity and the components of the raw gas entering the combustion chamber can be reduced, and the difference of heat generated by combustion in different combustion chambers due to the fluctuation of the quantity of the raw gas of different coking chambers in different coking periods is avoided, so that the heating uniformity is improved, and the coking quality is improved;

(4) the heat recovery replaces chemical recovery, thereby simplifying the process flow, reducing the occupied area, reducing the energy consumption and improving the economy.

Compared with the chemical recovery process, the process has no complex gas collection, heating and airflow exchange system, complicated chemical product recovery and gas purification system, sewage treatment workshop and other processes, simplifies the process flow, reduces the capital construction occupation area and the cost investment (more than 40 percent), is favorable for reducing the energy consumption of the coking process and saving water resources (the water consumption is less than 0.3 m)³The power consumption per ton of coke is less than 10 kWh); sensible heat that the burning produced is directly transmitted for the carbomorphism room through partition wall (brickwork) and is supplied heat, can reduce or avoid the extra energy consumption demand of carbomorphism room, through setting up the heat transfer room, carry out heat recovery to the high temperature flue gas that the combustion chamber produced, not only can preheat the air, flue gas after the heat transfer is with the shortest way (with the total flue arrange in the underground) send to exhaust-heat boiler and further utilize (like the electricity generation, production steam etc.), reducible heat loss, realize the step utilization to the high temperature flue gas heat, can improve heat recovery utilization rate.

(5) The requirement on coal materials is reduced, and high-quality coal resources are saved.

The coal material can be added with a large amount of weakly caking coal and a small amount of non-caking coal, the proportion of the weakly caking coal and the non-caking coal can be improved by about 50 percent compared with the conventional coke oven, high-quality coal (coking coal and fat coal) is saved to a certain extent, the selection range of coking coal types is expanded, and the produced coke has larger lumpiness, high carbon content, high strength, low ash content and good coke quality.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat exchange chamber of a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air flow direction in the heat exchange chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flow direction of flue gas in a heat exchange chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a silica brick according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an air passage in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a flue gas channel in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic distribution diagram of air outlets according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a balance channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a chute according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 10-a carbonization chamber; 20-a combustion chamber; 21-a first partition wall; 22-a second partition wall; 23-erecting a flame path; 24-air channel; 25-furnace end; 26-an air outlet; 261-a first outlet; 262-a second outlet; 263-third outlet; 30-a balancing channel; 40-a chute; 41-a first channel; 42-a second channel; 50-a heat exchange chamber; 51-an air cushion; 52-first heat exchange horizontal layer; 53-a second heat exchange horizontal layer; 54-a third heat exchange horizontal layer; a 55-transition layer; 56-ash removal exhaust gas duct; 57-perforated strainer brick; 58-air channel; 59-flue gas channel; 60-grooves; 61-projection; 62-an air inlet; 63-a flue gas outlet; m-raw gas; f-flue gas; k-air.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the present invention.

The utility model provides a heat exchange chamber of a coke oven, which comprises a chamber body, wherein the inside of the chamber body is of a multilayer structure, an air channel and a flue gas channel are respectively arranged in each layer of the multilayer structure in a penetrating way so as to ensure that the layers of the multilayer structure are sequentially communicated,

the air channel is used for being communicated with the external environment, and the smoke channel is used for being communicated with a vertical flue of a combustion chamber in the coke oven.

Correspondingly, the coke oven is also provided, which comprises an oven body, wherein the oven body is internally provided with a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber comprises a vertical flame path and an air path, the carbonization chamber is communicated with the vertical flame path, the oven body is also internally provided with a heat exchange chamber, the heat exchange chamber adopts the heat exchange chamber of the coke oven,

the air channel of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the air channel, and the flue gas channel of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the vertical flue.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment discloses a heat exchange chamber for a coke oven, which comprises a chamber body, wherein the inside of the chamber body is of a multilayer structure, an air channel 58 and a flue gas channel 59 are arranged in the chamber body, the air channel 58 and the flue gas channel 59 are arranged in parallel, and simultaneously penetrate through the multilayer structure to ensure that the layers of the multilayer structure are sequentially communicated, i.e., each layer in the multi-layer structure has air passages and flue gas passages, the air passages of all layers being connected to form an array of air passages 58, the flue gas passages of all layers being connected to form an array of flue gas passages 59, such that each layer of the multilayer structure has an air passage (which is a segment of the entire row of air passages 58, hereinafter referred to as the air passage of the layer) and a flue gas passage (which is a segment of the entire row of flue gas passages 59, hereinafter referred to as the flue gas passage of the layer) corresponding to that layer. The air channel and the smoke channel of each layer are separated by a partition wall. The air channel of lower floor and the air channel intercommunication of upper strata, the flue gas passageway of lower floor and the flue gas passageway intercommunication of upper strata.

Wherein, the air channel 58 is used for communicating with the external environment to input the combustion-supporting gas (such as air) in the external environment, and the flue gas channel 59 is used for communicating with the combustion chamber in the coke oven to discharge the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber and preheat the air channel at the same time. The chamber body of the heat exchange chamber is preferably built by bricks made of materials with better heat insulation so as to reduce heat loss.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the multi-layer structure of the heat exchange chamber includes an air cushion layer 51 and a heat exchange layer, wherein: the air cushion layer 51 is arranged at the bottom position in the chamber body, and the heat exchange layer is arranged above the air cushion layer. In some optional embodiments, the heat exchange layer includes a first heat exchange horizontal layer 52, a second heat exchange horizontal layer 53, and a third heat exchange horizontal layer 54, which are sequentially disposed from bottom to top and are communicated with each other through the air channels and the flue gas channels of each layer, the communication positions of the air channels of any two adjacent layers are staggered, the communication positions of the flue gas channels of any two adjacent layers are staggered, and finally, an S-shaped air channel 58 and an S-shaped flue gas channel 59 are formed, so that the air flows upwards in the whole row of air channels 58 in a circuitous manner from bottom to top layer by layer (as shown in fig. 3), and the flue gas flows downwards in the whole row of flue gas channels 59 in a circuitous manner from top to bottom layer by layer (as shown in fig. 4), thereby prolonging the heat exchange time and increasing the heat exchange contact area to improve.

The air passages 58 and the flue gas passages 59 may be arranged in one or more rows through the multi-layer structure. In this embodiment, the air passage 58 and the flue gas passage 59 are respectively provided in a plurality of rows. This results in multiple air passages and multiple flue gas passages per layer in the multi-layer structure. Specifically, each row of air channels 58 and each row of flue gas channels 59 are arranged among the air cushion layer 51, the first heat exchange horizontal layer 52, the second heat exchange horizontal layer 53 and the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 in a penetrating manner to form each air channel of each layer and each flue gas channel of each layer, and the air channels of each layer and the flue gas channels of each layer are arranged at intervals. The part between the second heat exchange horizontal layer 53 and the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 and positioned in the flue gas channel 59 is provided with the grate bricks 57, and the high-temperature flue gas in the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 can be uniformly distributed into the flue gas channel of the second heat exchange horizontal layer 53 through the porous structure on the grate bricks 57, so that the uniformity of preheating the air in the air channel 58 is improved.

Optionally, each air channel of the air cushion 51 is provided with a plurality of inlets for inputting combustion-supporting gas (air), and the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed. In this embodiment, four air inlets 62 are preferably provided on each air passage of the air blanket, and as shown in fig. 6, the four air inlets 62 are evenly distributed so that the air uniformly enters the heat exchange chamber. The air cushion layer 51 is the first layer of the furnace body from which the cold air of the external environment enters, can isolate and block the heat of the first heat exchange horizontal layer 52 from being transferred downwards, has a cooling effect on the bottom of the coke oven, and can also have a protection effect on the bottom of the coke oven. Each flue gas channel of the air cushion 51 is provided with a plurality of outlets for discharging high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the coke oven, and the outlets are uniformly distributed. In this embodiment, four flue gas outlets 63 are preferably provided on each air channel, i.e. four flue gas flues are provided, as shown in fig. 7, the four flue gas outlets being evenly distributed.

In this embodiment, the heat transfer chamber adopts four minutes heat transfer chambers, every air passage is provided with four air inlet 62 promptly, every flue gas passageway is provided with four exhanst gas outlet 63, become the long route of each layer series connection originally four sections parallelly connected short path, thereby can shorten the route of air and flue gas circulation and reduce the circulation resistance, thereby make respective pressure drop reduce, make pressure differential between them reduce, and then air and flue gas cross leak (the partition wall that silica brick made has certain space, these spaces can all have gas cross leak phenomenon between the brick wall in the stove, after adopting four minutes heat transfer chambers, the pressure differential of air passage 58 and flue gas passageway 59 reduces, cross leak phenomenon is weakened), can improve the stability and the reliability of heat transfer chamber.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the multi-layer structure of the heat exchange chamber 50 further includes a transition layer 55, the transition layer 55 is disposed above the third heat exchange horizontal layer, and the transition layer 55 is separated into an air channel and a flue gas channel by a partition wall. The air channel of the transition layer is communicated with the air channel of the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54, the flue gas channel of the transition layer 55 comprises a settling area and an ash removal waste gas channel 56, and the settling area is communicated with the vertical flue 23 of the combustion chamber 20 and used for receiving flue gas generated by combustion of the vertical flue 23 and enabling dust in the flue gas to settle and be trapped in the settling area of the transition layer. The ash-removing waste gas duct 56 is arranged on the wall (partition) of the flue gas channel of the transition layer, the inlet of the ash-removing waste gas duct 56 is preferably arranged on the upper part of the flue gas channel of the transition layer 55 and is communicated with the settling zone, and the outlet thereof is communicated with the flue gas channel of the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54. The dust in the flue gas settles in the transition layer due to the action of gravity, and the dust deposited in the settling area of the transition layer 55 is cleaned at intervals so as to keep the dust removing effect of the transition layer 55. The ash-removed flue gas enters the flue gas channel of the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 through the ash-removing waste gas channel 56. The part between the third heat exchange horizontal layer 53 and the transition layer 55 and positioned in the air channel is also provided with a perforated brick 57, and the air in the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 is uniformly distributed into the air channel of the transition layer 55 through the porous structure on the perforated brick 57 and then enters the combustion in the coke oven through the air channel of the transition layer, so that the uniform distribution of the preheated air is realized.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the air channels and the number of the flue gas channels in the heat exchange chamber are the same, and may be one row, or may be multiple rows, specifically, the number may be selected according to the number of the combustion chambers of the coke oven, and is the same as the number of the combustion chambers. The rows of air passages 58 and the rows of flue gas passages 59 are arranged alternately through the partition walls. For example, the number of the combustion chambers of the coke oven can be determined according to the number of the combustion chambers, so that the lower part of each combustion chamber corresponds to one row of air channels 58 and one row of flue gas channels 59, the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 are arranged in parallel, and the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 corresponding to the lower parts of different combustion chambers are arranged at intervals, namely the air channels 58, the flue gas channels 59, the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 are arranged in the heat exchange chambers.

Optionally, a partition wall in the heat exchange chamber is made of a material with high temperature resistance and good thermal conductivity, such as silica bricks, the cross section of the silica bricks is preferably in a T shape, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the silica bricks extending horizontally is wider, a groove 60 is arranged at one wider end of the silica bricks, the other end of the silica bricks extending vertically is narrower, and a protrusion 61 matched with the groove 60 is arranged at a position corresponding to the groove at the narrower end of the silica bricks, so that the partition wall can be conveniently built. Through the partition wall built by the silica bricks with the T-shaped cross sections, the surface is uneven, the surface area is increased, the contact area between the partition wall and air and flue gas can be increased, and the heat transfer effect is improved. Air input by the external environment and flue gas exhausted by combustion transfer heat through the partition walls in each layer of structure of the heat exchange chamber to preheat the air, so that the temperature of the air is increased.

The heat exchange chamber structure of this embodiment, simple structure, the heat transfer is effectual, and flue gas and air pressure differential are little, are difficult to take place gas and cross leak.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 2, the present embodiment discloses a coke oven comprising an oven body, a carbonization chamber 10 and a combustion chamber 20 provided in the oven body, and the heat exchange chamber described in embodiment 1. The carbonization chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 20 are arranged at the upper part of the furnace body in parallel, the combustion chamber 20 comprises a vertical flame path 23 and an air path 24, the carbonization chamber 10 is communicated with the vertical flame path 23, the heat exchange chamber 50 is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, an air channel 58 of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the air path 24 in the combustion chamber 20, and a smoke channel 59 of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the vertical flame path 23 in the combustion chamber 20.

Optionally, the coke oven further comprises a balance channel, the balance channel is disposed at the top of the carbonization chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 20, and is communicated with the carbonization chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 20, and is used for guiding combustible substances (raw coke oven gas) generated by dry distillation of the coal in the carbonization chamber 10 into the combustion chamber 20.

Specifically, the coking chamber 10 is used for placing coal as a place for providing dry distillation of the coal. In the coking process, the lower portion of the coking chamber 10 is used for placing coal, the coal is heated and dry distilled to generate combustible substances (in this embodiment, raw coke oven gas), and a certain space is usually reserved in the upper portion of the coking chamber to facilitate the circulation of the raw coke oven gas generated by the dry distillation of the coal. The coal material may be high-quality coking coal, and may also be coking coal collocated with weakly caking coal and/or non-caking coal, which is not further limited in this embodiment. The coking chamber 10 is shaped to be tall and thin, i.e., greater in height than width, to distinguish it from conventional horizontal coke ovens. The ratio of the height and the width of the carbonization chamber 10 can be selected according to actual requirements, and the embodiment is not further limited.

The combustion chamber 20 is located adjacent to the carbonization chamber 10 and separated by a partition wall (furnace wall), the two are independent of each other, the combustion chamber 20 is used for receiving and combusting combustible substances generated by dry distillation of the coal in the carbonization chamber 10, and heat generated by combustion is transferred to the carbonization chamber 10 through the partition wall (furnace wall) to provide a heat source for the dry distillation of the coal and indirectly heat the carbonization chamber 10. Clay bricks are arranged on the furnace top in the area corresponding to the carbonization chamber 10, and a carbon removal hole is reserved, and a fire observation hole is reserved in the corresponding combustion chamber 20. In this embodiment, the partition wall between the carbonization chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 20 is constructed by silica bricks with good thermal conductivity, so as to improve the heat transfer effect.

Alternatively, the number of the coking chambers 10 is plural, the number of the combustion chambers 20 is plural, the plural coking chambers 10 and the plural combustion chambers 20 are arranged alternately, and the equalizing passage 30 spans each coking chamber 1 and each combustion chamber 20, so as to equally distribute the combustible substance in each coking chamber 1 to each combustion chamber 20. The number of the combustion chambers 20 is always one more than that of the carbonization chambers 10, and each carbonization chamber 10 is located between two combustion chambers 20, so that the heat generated in each combustion chamber 20 is uniformly transferred to each carbonization chamber 10, and the heating uniformity and the heating efficiency of the carbonization chambers 10 are improved.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8, each combustion chamber 20 includes a plurality of pairs of vertical flues 23, and a first partition wall 21 is disposed between each pair of vertical flues 23, so that the plurality of vertical flues 23 are independent of each other, unlike the conventional exhaust gas circulation type vertical flues. Many opposition flame path 23 is vertical setting, and the top and the bottom of founding flame path 23 are uncovered, wherein: the top of the vertical flue 23 is open (namely, a connecting hole at the top of the combustion chamber) and is used for being communicated with the balance channel 30, so that the raw gas generated in the carbonization chamber 10 enters the vertical flue 23, the vertical flue 23 is a combustion channel, and the raw gas is combusted in the vertical flue 23; the bottom of the vertical flue 23 is open and used for discharging flue gas generated by raw coke oven gas. In this embodiment, the flue gas discharged from the vertical flue 23 enters the heat exchange chamber 50 to preheat the air input from the external environment, and then enters the exhaust-heat boiler to generate electricity or produce steam.

In this embodiment, the first partition wall 21 can be built by silica bricks, each silica brick is provided with a brick ditch and a brick tongue, the brick ditches and the brick tongues of two adjacent silica bricks are mutually occluded, so that the silica bricks of the upper layer and the lower layer can be tightly combined to enhance the strength and the stability of the first partition wall 21, and meanwhile, the first partition wall 21 formed by building the silica bricks in tight combination has good airtightness, so that the gas leakage between different vertical flame paths 23 and between the combustion chamber 20 and the carbonization chamber 10 can be avoided, and the heating uniformity can be improved.

Optionally, a second partition 22 is provided between two vertical flues of each pair 23. That is, the first partition wall 21 and the second partition wall 22 are disposed at intervals, and one first partition wall 21 and one second partition wall 22 are disposed at both sides of the same flue 23, respectively.

The second partition wall 22 is also constructed by silica bricks, and an air passage 24 is provided in the second partition wall 22. The number of the air passages 24 in each second partition wall 22 is the same as that of the vertical flame passages 23 adjacent to the second partition wall, namely two air passages 24 are respectively communicated with the two vertical flame passages 23 in each pair of vertical flame passages and are used for providing air required by raw gas combustion in the vertical flame passages 23. That is, the air passages 24 are provided only in the odd numbered partition (i.e., the second partition 22) and the even numbered partition (i.e., the first partition 21) in the sequence from the outermost vertical flue 23 (i.e., the furnace end) of each combustion chamber 20, and the first partition 21 is used only for the purpose of bearing, insulating, and the like, without providing the air passages 24 in the even numbered partition (i.e., the first partition 21).

In the coking process, because the temperature of the air passage 24 is lower than that of the vertical flue 23, heat can be absorbed from the adjacent vertical flue 23, so that the temperature of different positions of the combustion chamber is different, namely the temperature of the air passage 24 is different from that of the vertical flue 23, so that the heating degree of the coking chamber adjacent to the combustion chamber is also different, and further, light and shade alternately arranged 'zebra stripes' appear on the coking product (namely coke) corresponding to the positions of the air passage 24 and the vertical flue 23 to influence the coke quality. In this embodiment, the air passages 24 are disposed only in the partition walls (i.e., the second partition walls 22) with the odd number, so that the number of the second partition walls 22 having the air passages 24 is reduced by half, thereby reducing the number of cold and hot intersections, facilitating the uniformity of heating of the carbonization chamber 10, and further reducing or avoiding the occurrence of "zebra stripes" on the coke, and improving the coke quality. Compared with the traditional waste gas circulation type vertical flame paths, the vertical flame paths 23 in the embodiment are independent from each other, because the raw coke gas is introduced into each vertical flame path 23 from the top, the flame generated by the combustion of the raw coke gas is downward, namely the flame is in a down-draft type, and the air is introduced from the bottom section of the vertical flame path, all the updraft in each vertical flame path 23 transfers heat to the adjacent carbonization chambers 10, so that the heat transfer speed and effect can be improved, and the coking time can be shortened.

In the present embodiment, an outlet (air outlet 26) is provided on each air passage 24 for feeding air to the flame tunnel 23. The number of the air outlets 26 is one or more, and preferably the number of the air outlets is plural.

Because the air is input into the vertical flue 23 from bottom to top and the raw gas is input into the vertical flue 23 from top to bottom, the combustion state in the vertical flue 23 is the back flame, and the coke oven in the embodiment is a box-type back-flame coke oven. In order to ensure that the raw gas is fully combusted in the vertical flue 23, as shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, it is preferable to provide three air outlets 26 on each air duct 24, that is, the air outlets 26 include a first outlet 261, a second outlet 262, and a third outlet 263, which are sequentially disposed at the upper portion, the middle portion, and the lower portion of the air duct 24, and the amount of the introduced air is distributed according to the size (area) of the three air outlets 26, so that the raw gas is combusted in different degrees at the upper portion, the middle portion, and the lower portion of the vertical flue 23, respectively, thereby making the temperature of the combustion chamber 20 more uniform, and further improving the heating effect of the coking chamber 10. The shape of the first outlet 261, the second outlet 262, and the third outlet 263 may be any shape such as a square shape, a circular shape, and the like, and the present embodiment is not further limited.

In an optional embodiment, the area sizes of the three air outlets 26 are preferably sequentially decreased and then increased from top to bottom, that is, the area size of the second outlet 262 is smaller than the area size of the first outlet 261, the area size of the first outlet 261 is smaller than the area size of the third outlet 263, for example, the area size ratio of the first outlet 261 to the second outlet 262 to the third outlet 263 may be 1-2: 1: 3-5. The area size ratio of the first outlet 261 to the second outlet 262 to the third outlet 263 in this embodiment is preferably 1.5:1:2.5, so as to ensure that the raw coke oven gas cannot be completely combusted at the upper part of the vertical flue 23, the raw coke oven gas which is not completely combusted enters the middle part of the vertical flue 23 to be continuously combusted, and the rest raw coke oven gas which is not completely combusted is completely combusted at the lower part of the vertical flue 23, which is helpful for improving the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the whole coke oven.

In this embodiment, the air outlets 26 with different area sizes are arranged at different positions on the air channel 24, and air is respectively input to the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the vertical flue 23 according to a certain proportion, so that raw gas which is not completely combusted at the upper part of the vertical flue 23 is continuously combusted at the middle part and the lower part of the vertical flue 23, the complete combustion of the raw gas can be ensured, air is introduced in sections, the uniformity of the temperature of the combustion chamber 20 can be effectively improved, and the damage and softening of the wall body between the vertical flues are accelerated due to the overhigh local temperature of the combustion chamber 20.

It should be noted that the number, position, size, etc. of the air outlets 26 mentioned above are only some examples, but not limited thereto, and specifically, the number, position, size, etc. can be adjusted according to the design requirements of the coke oven of the present embodiment, and the optimal arrangement opening scheme is obtained through numerical calculation, which is not further limited herein.

The traditional coke oven adopts a regenerative chamber structure to preheat air and crude gas at the same time, the temperature of the vertical flue 23 can reach 1280-1400 ℃, the damage to the wall is large, in the embodiment, the heat exchange chamber is adopted to replace the regenerative chamber, only the air is preheated in the heat exchange chamber 50, and the temperature range of the vertical flue 23 is about 1100-1250 ℃. It can be seen that the temperature of the central flame path 23 in this embodiment is lower than that of the central flame path in a conventional coke oven, and thus the service life thereof can be extended.

As shown in fig. 8, considering that the heat dissipation of the furnace end 25 (i.e. the end of the combustion chamber 20 contacting with the outside) is large, in an alternative embodiment, the combustion condition of the vertical flue 23 near the furnace end can be controlled independently, for example, the size of the outlet of the air channel communicated with the vertical flue 23 near the furnace end 25 is increased appropriately, or other similar effect modes are adopted, so as to increase the air input amount to the air channel, accelerate the combustion speed of the raw gas in the vertical flue 23 near the furnace end 25, and increase the heat generated by combustion, so as to offset the heat dissipation loss.

In this embodiment, a plurality of chutes 40 are provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 20 for communicating the combustion chamber 20 and the heat exchange chamber 50, and the number of the chutes 40 is the same as that of the vertical flues 23 or the air flues 21. Chute 40 includes a first channel 41 and a second channel 42, as shown in fig. 10, wherein: both ends of the first channel 41 are respectively communicated with the air channel 21 in the combustion chamber 20 and the air channel 58 of the heat exchange chamber 50 so as to convey air to the air channel 21; the two ends of the second channel 42 are respectively communicated with the vertical flue 23 in the combustion chamber 20 and the flue gas channel 59 of the heat exchange chamber 50 so as to discharge flue gas generated by combustion. The first channel 41 and the second channel 42 are separated by a high thermal conductivity silica brick masonry so as to exchange heat between the air in the first channel 41 and the flue gas in the second channel 42. In this embodiment, the inclination of the first and second channels 41, 42 is 30 ° to 90 °, for example the inclination of the chute 40 may be 40 °.

In this embodiment, the balance passage 30 is disposed in the furnace top, and is communicated with each of the carbonization chambers 10 and the combustion chamber 20, and is used for uniformly distributing combustible substances (raw gas) generated by dry distillation of coal in the carbonization chambers 10 to the combustion chamber 20. The balance channel 30 may be constructed by the above silica bricks or clay bricks, and of course, may also be constructed by bricks made of other materials, which is not further limited in this embodiment.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the number of the balance channels 30 is plural, a plurality of the balance channels are arranged in parallel, the balance channels 30 are communicated with each other through the top space of the carbonization chamber 10, and the arrangement of the balance channels 30 enables the raw coke oven gas in the same carbonization chamber 10 to enter the balance channels 30 (i.e. lateral balance); the number of the vertical flues 23 in each combustion chamber 20 is the same, the number of the balance channels 30 is the same as the number of the vertical flues 23 in a single combustion chamber 20, each balance channel 30 is communicated with the vertical flues at the corresponding position or the same position in each combustion chamber 20, or each balance channel 30 spans each carbonization chamber 10 and each combustion chamber 20 and is communicated with the carbonization chamber 10 and the vertical flues 23 at the position right below the carbonization chamber, so that the raw gas in different carbonization chambers 10 enters each balance channel 30, the raw gas components in each balance channel 30 (the balance channels are not directly communicated and are communicated only through the carbonization chambers communicated with the balance channels) tend to be consistent, then the raw gas in the same balance channel 30 can enter the vertical flues 23 at the same position in each combustion chamber 20 along the longitudinal direction of the coke oven (i.e. the machine coke side direction) (i.e. longitudinal balance), the raw gas entering each vertical flue 23 is the same, thereby realizing uniform distribution.

In the coking process, because different coking chambers 10 are in different coking periods, the quantity and the components of the generated raw gas are different. In this embodiment, each balance channel 30 spans all the coking chambers 10 and is communicated with the same, so that the raw gas in the coking chambers 10 with a large amount of raw gas can enter the balance channel 30 at a higher speed and reach each vertical flue 23 of each combustion chamber 20 through the balance channel 30 under the traction of pressure difference, the raw gas can be distributed in the balance channel 30 in a balanced manner, and the raw gas can be supplied to a position with a small amount from a position with a large amount, thereby realizing the autonomous distribution of the raw gas, reducing the difference between the amount and the components of the raw gas in each vertical flue, enabling the combustion conditions of each vertical flue to be closer, and further improving the heating uniformity.

In the coke oven of the embodiment, the flow direction of the air flow during the operation is as follows:

(1) the coal material is subjected to dry distillation in the carbonization chamber, the generated raw gas (650 plus 800 ℃) enters a plurality of balance channels at the top of the furnace body through a space reserved at the top of the carbonization chamber respectively, then enters the vertical flue from the top of the combustion chamber, is combusted in the vertical flue to generate a large amount of high-temperature flue gas (about 1300 ℃) and heat, the high-temperature flue gas enters a transition layer of the heat exchange chamber from the bottom of the vertical flue through a second channel in the chute, a large amount of dust is removed in the transition layer and exchanges heat with the air on the transition layer, the high temperature after ash removal sequentially enters a third heat exchange horizontal layer, a second heat exchange horizontal layer, a first heat exchange horizontal layer and a flue gas channel in an air cushion layer through an ash removal flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the air, so that the air is preheated in the heat exchange chamber and then is output to a waste heat boiler for power generation. The heat generated by the burning of the raw gas in the vertical flue is transferred to the carbonization chambers arranged between the combustion chambers through heat transfer and is used for the dry distillation of the coal, and the coke product is obtained after the dry distillation of the coal.

(2) The cold air of the external environment is input from the bottom of the heat exchange chamber and firstly enters the air cushion layer, so that the bottom of the coke oven is isolated, and a certain protection effect can be achieved; then, air passes through air channels in the first heat exchange horizontal layer, the second heat exchange horizontal layer, the third heat exchange horizontal layer and the transition layer in sequence and exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas channels of all layers, so that the temperature of the air is increased (about 500 ℃); the preheated air enters an air channel in the combustion chamber from a first channel in the chute, and enters a vertical flue through a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet arranged on the air channel for burning the raw coke oven gas.

The coke oven of the embodiment is provided with the heat exchange chamber, the air is preheated by the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber, the heat recovery utilization rate is improved, and the heat exchange chamber adopts a multi-layer structure design with air and flue gas double channels, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

It will be understood that the above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and such modifications and improvements are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A heat exchange chamber of a coke oven is characterized by comprising a chamber body, wherein the inside of the chamber body is of a multilayer structure, an air channel (58) and a flue gas channel (59) are respectively arranged in each layer of the multilayer structure in a penetrating way so as to ensure that the layers of the multilayer structure are sequentially communicated,

the air channel is used for being communicated with the external environment, and the smoke channel is used for being communicated with a vertical flue of a combustion chamber in the coke oven.

2. Heat exchange chamber of a coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the multilayer structure comprises an air cushion layer (51), a heat exchange layer,

the air cushion layer is arranged at the bottom inside the chamber body, and the heat exchange layer is arranged above the air cushion layer.

3. The heat exchange chamber of a coke oven according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchange layers comprise a first heat exchange horizontal layer (52), a second heat exchange horizontal layer (53) and a third heat exchange horizontal layer (54), which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top,

in the first heat exchange horizontal layer, the second heat exchange horizontal layer and the third heat exchange horizontal layer, the communication positions corresponding to the adjacent two layers of air channels are arranged in a staggered mode, and the communication positions corresponding to the adjacent two layers of flue gas channels are arranged in a staggered mode.

4. The heat exchange chamber of a coke oven according to claim 3, characterized in that the multilayer structure further comprises a transition layer (55) provided above the third horizontal heat exchange layer,

the air channel and the smoke channel of each layer in the multilayer structure are separated by a partition wall,

the flue gas channel corresponding to the transition layer comprises a settling zone and an ash removal waste gas channel (56),

the settling zone is used for settling dust in the flue gas from the vertical flue,

the ash removal waste gas channel is arranged in the partition wall of the transition layer, the inlet of the ash removal waste gas channel is arranged at the upper part of the transition layer and communicated with the settling area, and the outlet of the ash removal waste gas channel is communicated with the flue gas channel corresponding to the third heat exchange horizontal layer.

5. The heat exchange chamber of a coke oven of claim 4,

a grate brick (57) is arranged in an air channel between the third heat exchange horizontal layer and the transition layer so as to ensure that air uniformly enters the transition layer;

and grate bricks are also arranged in the flue gas channel between the third heat exchange horizontal layer and the second heat exchange horizontal layer so that flue gas uniformly enters the second heat exchange horizontal layer.

6. The heat exchange chamber of a coke oven according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of inlets for the introduction of combustion supporting gas are provided in the air passage corresponding to the air blanket, the plurality of inlets being evenly distributed,

a plurality of outlets are arranged on the smoke channel corresponding to the air cushion layer and used for discharging smoke, and the outlets are uniformly distributed.

7. The heat exchange chamber of a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the number of the air passages and the number of the flue gas passages are respectively multiple and equal, and the multiple rows of the air passages and the multiple rows of the flue gas passages are arranged alternately.

8. The heat exchange chamber of a coke oven according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of said air passages and a plurality of said flue gas passages corresponding to each floor are alternately arranged by partition walls, said partition walls being constructed of silica bricks,

the cross section of the silica brick is T-shaped, a groove is arranged at one wider end of the silica brick, and a bulge matched with the groove is arranged at one narrower end of the silica brick.

9. A coke oven, comprising a furnace body, wherein a carbonization chamber (10) and a combustion chamber (20) are arranged in the furnace body, the combustion chamber comprises a vertical flame path (23) and an air path (24), the carbonization chamber is communicated with the vertical flame path, characterized in that a heat exchange chamber is arranged in the furnace body, the heat exchange chamber adopts the heat exchange chamber of the coke oven of any one of claims 1 to 8,

the air channel of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the air channel, and the flue gas channel of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the vertical flue.

10. The coke oven of claim 9, wherein the coking chamber and the combustion chamber are juxtaposed in an upper portion of the oven body;

the coke oven also comprises a balancing channel (30),

the balance channel is arranged on the tops of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, is respectively communicated with the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, and is used for uniformly distributing combustible substances generated by dry distillation of coal in the carbonization chamber to the combustion chamber.

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