CN211713007U - Coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke oven and coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke oven, including the coking chamber and the combustion chamber that set up side by side, still include balanced passageway, balanced passageway is located the coking chamber with the top of coking chamber communicates respectively with coking chamber, combustion chamber for distribute the combustion chamber with the raw coke oven gas that produces in the coking chamber. The utility model also provides a coke oven comprising the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure. The carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure of the utility model can realize the uniform heating of the carbonization chamber and improve the coking efficiency.

Description

Coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke oven and coke oven

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coking, in particular to a coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of a coke oven and a coke oven with the structure.

Background

In the coking industry, when a coke oven is used for coking, the heat generated by the combustion of raw gas and air is generally used for heating a coking chamber to carbonize coal materials.

Conventional coke ovens are mainly horizontal and vertical, wherein: the combustion chamber of the horizontal coke oven is arranged above the coking chamber, a direct heating mode is mostly adopted, 1.5-4% of coal and coke are combusted to supplement heat required by coal dry distillation, so that the capacity is reduced, the occupied area is large, the investment cost is high, the width of a coal cake reaches 3-4m, the heat transfer effect is seriously influenced by the excessively wide coking chamber, and the coking time is too long; when the volatile content of the matched coal is low, the heat required by the coal dry distillation of the existing few vertical heat recovery coke ovens can not be self-sufficient, additional coal gas needs to be supplemented for afterburning, the heating efficiency is low, and the coke ovens are unbalanced in heating and long in coking time due to different coking periods of different coking chambers and different amounts of generated raw coke gas.

Moreover, because the coal charging time of different coking chambers is asynchronous, some coking chambers are in the early stage, some coking chambers are in the middle stage, and some coking chambers are in the later stage, the dry distillation coking degree of coal in different coking chambers in the same time is different, the quantity and the components of raw coke gas generated under different coking degrees are different, and the raw coke gas with the difference enters the combustion chamber of the coke oven, the combustion condition is also different, the generated heat is also different, so that the heating efficiency and the coking quality of the traditional coke oven are influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of a coke oven and a coke oven containing the structure aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, which can uniformly heat the coking chamber and improve the coking efficiency.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of a coke oven, which comprises the following technical solutions:

a carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure of a coke oven comprises a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber, wherein the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are arranged in parallel, and the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure also comprises a balance channel which is arranged above the carbonization chamber and the carbonization chamber, is respectively communicated with the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber and is used for guiding raw gas generated in the carbonization chamber into the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the number of the carbonization chambers and the number of the combustion chambers are both multiple, the carbonization chambers and the combustion chambers are arranged alternately, and the number of the combustion chambers is one more than that of the carbonization chambers, so that each carbonization chamber is positioned between two combustion chambers.

Preferably, a plurality of pairs of vertical flame paths are arranged in the combustion chamber, each pair of vertical flame paths are separated by a first partition wall, a second partition wall is arranged between two vertical flame paths in each pair of vertical flame paths, an air path is arranged in the second partition wall, and the air path is communicated with two adjacent vertical flame paths.

Preferably, the number of the air passages in the second partition wall is two, and the two air passages are respectively communicated with the two vertical flues in each pair of vertical flues.

Preferably, the balance channel spans each carbonization chamber and each combustion chamber and is communicated with the vertical flame path at the position right below the carbonization chamber, so that the raw gas generated in the carbonization chamber is uniformly distributed into the vertical flame path of each combustion chamber.

Preferably, the number of the balance passages is multiple, and is the same as that of the vertical flame paths in a single combustion chamber, the multiple balance passages are arranged in parallel, and each balance passage is communicated with the vertical flame paths at each corresponding position in the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the balance channel is built by adopting silica bricks or clay bricks.

Preferably, the height of the carbonization chamber is greater than its width.

The utility model provides a carbomorphism room-combustion chamber structure can make the raw coke oven gas evenly distributed who produces in the carbomorphism room say the vertical flame path in each combustion chamber to the burning condition that makes each vertical flame path is the same, and then makes combustion chamber temperature evenly distributed, improves the homogeneity to the carbomorphism room heating.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coke oven, comprising:

the coke oven comprises an oven body, wherein the oven body comprises the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure.

Preferably, the furnace body also comprises a heat exchange chamber, the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure is arranged above the furnace body, the heat exchange chamber is arranged at the lower part of the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure and is communicated with the combustion chamber, and the heat exchange chamber is also communicated with the external environment and is used for preheating introduced combustion-supporting gas.

The utility model provides a coke oven can improve the homogeneity to the heating of carbomorphism room, and the high temperature flue gas that can produce in the burning room is retrieved for preheat the air, improve heat utilization rate. Specifically, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

(1) the heating speed is high, and the coking time can be shortened.

The utility model discloses the carbomorphism room of coke oven sets up to high thin form, and carbomorphism room and combustion chamber set up side by side, make the briquette that is thin high form and place in the carbomorphism room can absorb the heat of combustion chamber transmission with the dry distillation coke-forming, and make area of contact between them increase of carbomorphism room and combustion chamber, and the air is fed into by lower supreme segmentation and found the flame path, the homogeneity of found the flame path height to (vertical direction promptly) temperature field has been optimized, traditional exhaust gas circulation formula has been cancelled and has found stridees across hole and circulation hole in the flame path immediately, make and found the flame path in all for the down flame air current, and all transfer heat for adjacent carbomorphism room, heat transfer speed and effect can be improved, shorten the coking time.

(2) The indirect heating is adopted, no coal loss is caused, and the productivity can be improved.

As the coking chambers and the combustion chambers are arranged in parallel and alternately and are independent of each other, the burning loss caused by the ignition of coal or coke at the upper part in the coking chamber for heat supply and the ignition of coal or coke at the upper part in the prior art is avoided, the coke productivity is further influenced, and the per-ton coke yield can be improved by 1.5-4 percent compared with a horizontal coke oven.

(3) The heating is more uniform, and the coke quality and yield can be improved.

By arranging the balance channel, the raw gas is distributed in a balanced manner, so that the difference between the quantity and the components of the raw gas entering the combustion chamber can be reduced, and the difference of heat generated by combustion in different combustion chambers due to the fluctuation of the quantity of the raw gas of different coking chambers in different coking periods is avoided, so that the heating uniformity is improved, and the coking quality is improved;

(4) the heat recovery replaces chemical recovery, thereby simplifying the process flow, reducing the occupied area, reducing the energy consumption and improving the economy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic distribution diagram of air outlets in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a balance channel in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a chute in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the air flow in a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the flow of flue gas in a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a silica brick in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an air passage in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a flue gas channel in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 10-a carbonization chamber; 20-a combustion chamber; 21-a first partition wall; 22-a second partition wall; 23-erecting a flame path; 24-air channel; 25-furnace end; 26-an air outlet; 261-a first outlet; 262-a second outlet; 263-third outlet; 30-a balancing channel; 40-a chute; 41-a first channel; 42-a second channel; 50-a heat exchange chamber; 51-an air cushion; 52-first heat exchange horizontal layer; 53-a second heat exchange horizontal layer; 54-a third heat exchange horizontal layer; a 55-transition layer; 56-ash removal exhaust gas duct; 57-perforated strainer brick; 58-air channel; 59-flue gas channel; 60-grooves; 61-projection; 62-an air inlet; 63-a flue gas outlet; m-raw gas; f-flue gas; k-air.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the present invention.

The utility model provides a coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of a coke oven, which comprises a coking chamber and a combustion chamber, wherein the coking chamber and the combustion chamber are arranged in parallel,

the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure also comprises a balance channel, wherein the balance channel is arranged above the carbonization chamber and the carbonization chamber, is respectively communicated with the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, and is used for guiding raw coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber into the combustion chamber.

Correspondingly, the utility model also provides a coke oven, which comprises an oven body, wherein the oven body comprises the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment discloses a structure of a coking chamber-combustion chamber for a coke oven, which comprises a coking chamber 10 and a combustion chamber 20, wherein the coking chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 20 are arranged in parallel. The structure also comprises a balance channel 30, wherein the balance channel 30 is arranged above the carbonization chamber 10 and the carbonization chamber 20, is respectively communicated with the carbonization chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 20, and is used for guiding the raw coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber 10 into the combustion chamber 20.

Specifically, the carbonization chamber 10 is used for placing coal material to serve as a place for providing coal material carbonization. In the coking process, the lower portion of the coking chamber 10 is used for placing coal, the coal is heated and dry distilled to generate combustible substances (in this embodiment, raw gas), and a certain space is usually reserved in the upper portion of the coking chamber, and the space is communicated with the balance channel 30, so that the raw gas generated by dry distillation of the coal flows to the balance channel 30. The coal material may be high-quality coking coal, and may also be coking coal collocated with weakly caking coal and/or non-caking coal, which is not further limited in this embodiment. The carbonization chamber 10 is tall and thin, i.e., the height is greater than the width. The ratio of the height and the width of the carbonization chamber 10 can be selected according to actual requirements, and the embodiment is not further limited. The combustion chamber 20 is used for combusting the raw coke oven gas generated by dry distillation of the coal material in the carbonization chamber to provide heat for the carbonization chamber.

Alternatively, the number of the coking chambers 10 is plural, the number of the combustion chambers 20 is plural, the plural coking chambers 10 and the plural combustion chambers 20 are arranged alternately, and the equalizing passage 30 spans the respective coking chambers 10 and the combustion chambers 20 so as to equally distribute the combustible substance in the respective coking chambers 10 to the respective combustion chambers 20. The number of the combustion chambers 20 is always one more than that of the carbonization chambers 10, and each carbonization chamber 10 is located between two combustion chambers 20, so that the heat generated in each combustion chamber 20 is uniformly transferred to each carbonization chamber 10, and the heating uniformity and the heating efficiency of the carbonization chambers 10 are improved.

As shown in fig. 2, each combustion chamber 20 includes a plurality of pairs of flame paths 23 with a first partition wall 21 interposed therebetween such that the plurality of flame paths 23 are independent of each other. Many opposition flame path is vertical setting, and the top and the bottom of founding flame path 23 are uncovered, wherein: the top of the vertical flue 23 is open (namely, a connecting hole at the top of the combustion chamber) and is used for being communicated with the balance channel 30, so that the raw gas generated in the carbonization chamber 10 enters the vertical flue 23, the vertical flue 23 is a combustion channel, and the raw gas is combusted in the vertical flue 23; the bottom of the vertical flue 23 is open and used for discharging flue gas generated by raw coke oven gas.

In this embodiment, first partition wall 21 can adopt silica brick to build by laying bricks or stones, and the silica brick is equipped with brick ditch and brick tongue, through the brick ditch of two adjacent silica bricks, interlock each other between the brick tongue, can make adjacent silica brick combine closely to strengthen first partition wall 21's intensity and stability, simultaneously, the silica brick that combines closely builds by laying bricks or stones first partition wall 21 that forms has good seal, can avoid the gas cluster between the different vertical flame path 23, between combustion chamber 20 and the carbomorphism room 10 to leak, thereby can promote heating homogeneity.

In this embodiment, a second partition wall 22 is provided between two vertical flues of each pair of vertical flues 23. That is, the first partition wall 21 and the second partition wall 22 are disposed at intervals, and one first partition wall 21 and one second partition wall 22 are disposed at both sides of the same flue 23, respectively.

The second partition wall 22 is also constructed by the above silica bricks, and an air passage 24 is provided in the second partition wall 22. The number of the air passages 24 in each second partition wall 22 may be one, that is, two of the vertical flues 23 of a pair adjacent to the same second partition wall 22 share one air passage 24. The number of the air passages 24 in each second partition wall 22 can also be two, and the two air passages 24 are respectively communicated with the two vertical flame passages 23 in each pair of vertical flame passages and are used for providing air required by raw coke oven gas combustion in the vertical flame passages 23. The first partition wall 21 and the second partition wall 22 are arranged at intervals, and a first partition wall 21 and a second partition wall 22 are respectively arranged at two sides of each vertical flue 23. That is, the air passages 24 are provided only in the odd numbered partition walls (i.e., the second partition wall 22), the even numbered partition walls (i.e., the first partition wall 21) are not provided with the air passages 24, and the first partition wall 21 is used only for the purpose of bearing, isolating, and the like, in the order from the outermost vertical flame passage 23 (i.e., the furnace end 25) of each combustion chamber 20.

In the coking process, because the temperature of the air passage 24 is lower than that of the vertical flue 23, heat can be absorbed from the vertical flue 23, so that the temperature of different positions of the combustion chamber is different, namely the temperature of the air passage 24 is different from that of the vertical flue 23, so that the heating degree of the coking chamber adjacent to the combustion chamber is also different, and the coking product (namely coke) has bright and dark alternately arranged 'zebra stripes' at the positions corresponding to the air passage 24 and the vertical flue 23, thereby influencing the coke quality. In this embodiment, the air passages 24 are only arranged in the partition wall (i.e., the second partition wall 22) with the odd number, so that the number of the second partition wall 22 with the air passages 24 is reduced by half, the number of temperature hot and cold intersections in the combustion chamber 20 can be reduced, the temperature distribution in the combustion chamber 20 is more uniform, the carbonization chamber 10 is heated more uniformly, and then the occurrence of zebra stripes on the coke can be reduced or avoided, thereby improving the coke quality. Compared with the traditional waste gas circulation type vertical flame paths, the vertical flame paths 23 in the embodiment are independent from each other, because the raw gas is introduced into each vertical flame path 23 from the top, the flame generated by the combustion of the raw gas is downward, namely the flame is in a down-draft type, the air is introduced from the bottom section of the vertical flame path, the interior of each vertical flame path 23 is totally an updraft (without downdraft), and the updraft transmits heat to the adjacent carbonization chambers 10, so that the heat transmission speed and effect can be improved, and the coking time can be shortened.

In the present embodiment, in order to ensure sufficient combustion of the raw gas in each vertical flue and to further improve the temperature balance at each position of the vertical flue 23, each air duct 24 is provided with an outlet (air outlet 26) for supplying air to the vertical flue 23. The number of the air outlets 26 is one or more, and preferably a plurality of air outlets 26 are provided in the present embodiment, for example, the plurality of air outlets 26 are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the air passage, and the air can be introduced into each vertical flue 23 from different positions as uniformly as possible through the plurality of air outlets 26, so that the raw gas can be fully combusted in the vertical flue 23 and the temperature balance of the vertical flue can be improved, thereby improving the heating effect of the coking chamber during coking.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that three air outlets 26 are provided for each air passage 24, that is, a first outlet 261, a second outlet 262, and a third outlet 263 are sequentially provided at an upper portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion of the air passage 24, and an amount of the introduced air is distributed according to sizes (areas) of the three air outlets 26, so that the raw gas is combusted at different degrees at the upper portion, the middle portion, and the lower portion of the vertical flue, respectively, thereby making the temperature of the combustion chamber 20 more uniform, and further improving the heating effect of the coking chamber 10. The shape of the first outlet 261, the second outlet 262, and the third outlet 263 may be any shape such as a square shape, a circular shape, and the like, and the present embodiment is not further limited.

In an optional embodiment, the area sizes of the three air outlets 26 are preferably sequentially decreased and then increased from top to bottom, that is, the area size of the second outlet 262 is smaller than the area size of the first outlet 261, the area size of the first outlet 261 is smaller than the area size of the third outlet 263, for example, the area size ratio of the first outlet 261 to the second outlet 262 to the third outlet 263 may be 1-2: 1: 3-5. The area size ratio of the first outlet 261 to the second outlet 262 to the third outlet 263 in this embodiment is preferably 1.5: 1:2.5, so as to ensure that the raw coke oven gas cannot be completely combusted at the upper part of the vertical flue 23, the raw coke oven gas which is not completely combusted enters the middle part of the vertical flue 23 to be continuously combusted, and the rest raw coke oven gas which is not completely combusted is completely combusted at the lower part of the vertical flue 23, which is helpful for improving the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the whole coke oven.

In this embodiment, the air outlets 26 with different sizes are arranged at different positions on the air channel 24, and air is respectively input to the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the vertical flue 23 according to a certain proportion, so that raw gas which is not completely combusted at the upper part of the vertical flue 23 is continuously combusted at the middle part and the lower part of the vertical flue, the complete combustion of the raw gas can be ensured, air is introduced in sections, the uniformity of the temperature of the combustion chamber 20 can be effectively improved, and the damage and softening of the wall body between the vertical flues are accelerated due to the overhigh local temperature of the combustion chamber 20.

It should be noted that the number, position, size, etc. of the air outlets 26 mentioned above are only some examples, but not limited thereto, and specifically, the number, position, size, etc. can be adjusted according to the design requirements of the coke oven of the present embodiment, and the optimal arrangement opening scheme is obtained through numerical calculation, which is not further limited herein.

The balance channels 30 cross each carbonization chamber 10 and each combustion chamber 20, and the balance channels 30 are communicated with each other through the top space of the carbonization chamber 10 and are communicated with the vertical flue 23 right below the carbonization chamber for uniformly distributing the raw gas generated in the carbonization chamber 10 to the vertical flue 23 of each combustion chamber 20.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the balance passages 30 is plural and is the same as the number of the vertical flame paths in the single combustion chamber 20, the plural balance passages 30 are arranged in parallel, and each balance passage 30 is communicated with the vertical flame path 23 in each corresponding position in the combustion chamber 20.

In the coking process, because different coking chambers 10 are in different coking periods, the quantity and the components of the generated raw gas are different. In this embodiment, by arranging a plurality of parallel balance channels, the raw coke oven gas in a plurality of coking chambers 10 in different coking periods can be pulled by pressure difference, the speed of the raw coke oven gas in the coking chamber with more raw coke oven gas entering the balance channel 30 is faster and more, and the raw coke oven gas components in each balance channel (the balance channels are not directly communicated and are communicated only through the coking chambers communicated with the balance channels) tend to be consistent, namely, are distributed along the coke oven in a transverse balance manner; then, the raw coke oven gas in the same balance channel 30 can enter the vertical flame paths 23 at the same position in each combustion chamber 20 along the longitudinal direction of the coke oven (i.e. the machine coke side direction) (i.e. the longitudinal balance), so that the raw coke oven gas entering each vertical flame path 23 is the same, the combustion conditions of each vertical flame path are closer, and the heating uniformity is improved.

In this embodiment, the balance channel 30 may be constructed by silica bricks or clay bricks, and certainly, bricks made of other materials may be used for construction, which is not further limited in this embodiment.

The carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure disclosed in the embodiment can enable raw coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber to be uniformly distributed to the vertical flame paths in each combustion chamber, so that the combustion conditions of the vertical flame paths are the same, the temperature of the combustion chambers is uniformly distributed, and the heating uniformity of the carbonization chamber is improved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 5, a coke oven according to the present embodiment includes a furnace body, and the structure of the coking chamber and the combustion chamber described in embodiment 1 is provided in the furnace body, and the structure of the coking chamber and the combustion chamber is provided in an upper portion of the furnace body.

Further, the furnace body also comprises a heat exchange chamber 50, the heat exchange chamber 50 is arranged below the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure, namely, the lower part of the furnace body, and is communicated with the combustion chamber 20, and the heat exchange chamber 50 is also communicated with the external environment and is used for preheating introduced combustion-supporting gas (such as air). The outer walls of the heat exchange chamber 50 are preferably constructed with bricks made of a material having a good thermal insulation property to reduce heat loss.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the heat exchange chamber 50 includes a heat exchange chamber body, an air passage 58 and a flue gas passage 59 are provided in the heat exchange chamber body, and the air passage 58 and the flue gas passage 59 are arranged in parallel, wherein: the air passage 58 is used for connecting with the air passage 24 in the combustion chamber 20, and is used for conveying air to the air passage 24; the flue gas channel 59 is used for connecting with the vertical flue 23 in the combustion chamber 20 and outputting flue gas generated by combustion in the vertical flue 23. The number of the air channels 58 and the number of the flue gas channels 59 are the same as that of the combustion chambers 20, that is, the lower part of each combustion chamber 20 corresponds to one air channel 58 and one flue gas channel 59, and the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 corresponding to the lower parts of different combustion chambers 20 are arranged at intervals, that is, the air channels 58, the flue gas channels 59, the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 are arranged in the heat exchange chamber 50.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the bottom of the combustion chamber 20 is provided with a plurality of chutes 4 for communicating the combustion chamber 20 and the heat exchange chamber 50, and the number of the chutes 4 is the same as that of the vertical flues 23 or the air channels 24. Chute 4 comprises a first channel 41 and a second channel 42, wherein: both ends of the first channel 41 are respectively communicated with the air channel 24 in the combustion chamber 20 and the air channel 58 of the heat exchange chamber 50 so as to convey air to the air channel 24; the two ends of the second channel 42 are respectively communicated with the vertical flue 23 in the combustion chamber 5 and the flue gas channel 59 of the heat exchange chamber 50 so as to discharge flue gas generated by combustion.

The first channel 41 and the second channel 42 are separated by silica bricks with good heat conductivity, so that heat exchange is carried out between air in the first channel 41 and flue gas in the second channel 42. In this embodiment the inclination of the first channel 41 and the second channel 42 is 30-90, for example the inclination of the chute 4 may be 40.

In this embodiment, the interior of the heat exchange chamber body is divided into a multi-layer structure, the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 are arranged in parallel and penetrate through the multi-layer structure, so that the layers of the multi-layer structure are sequentially communicated, that is, each layer of the multi-layer structure is provided with the air channels and the flue gas channels, the air channels of all the layers are communicated to form an entire row of air channels 58, and the flue gas channels of all the layers are communicated to form an entire row of flue gas channels 59. The air channels 58 of each layer are communicated in sequence, the smoke channels 59 of each layer are communicated in sequence, and each layer is provided with a partition wall to separate the air channels and the smoke channels of the layer.

In this embodiment, the multi-layer structure of the heat exchange chamber 40 includes an air cushion layer 51 and a heat exchange layer, wherein: the air cushion layer 51 is arranged at the bottom position inside the heat exchange chamber body, and the heat exchange layer is arranged above the air cushion layer 51. In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the heat exchange layer includes a first heat exchange horizontal layer 52, a second heat exchange horizontal layer 53, and a third heat exchange horizontal layer 54, which are sequentially disposed from bottom to top and are communicated with each other through an air channel and a flue gas channel, and the communication positions of any two adjacent layers (including the upper and lower communication positions of the air channel and the upper and lower communication position of the flue gas channel of each layer) are staggered to finally form an S-shaped air channel 58 and an S-shaped flue gas channel 59, air flows upwards in the whole row of air channels 58 in a circuitous manner from bottom to top (as shown in fig. 8), and flue gas flows downwards in the whole row of flue gas channels 59 in a circuitous manner from top to bottom (as shown in fig. 9), so as to prolong the heat exchange time and improve the heat exchange contact area, thereby improving the heat.

The number of air passages 58 and flue gas passages 59 provided through the multi-layered structure may be one or more rows. In this embodiment, the air passages 58 and the flue gas passages 59 are multiple rows, so that the number of the air passages and the flue gas passages in each layer is multiple, and the air passages and the flue gas passages in each layer are arranged alternately. The part between the second heat exchange horizontal layer 53 and the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 and positioned in the flue gas channel is provided with the perforated brick 57, and the high-temperature flue gas in the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 can be uniformly dispersed and input into the second heat exchange horizontal layer 53 through the porous structure on the perforated brick 57, so that the uniformity of air preheating can be improved.

In this embodiment, the number of the air channels 58 and the number of the flue gas channels 59 are the same as that of the combustion chambers 20, and the rows of the air channels 58 and the rows of the flue gas channels 59 are arranged in parallel, so that the lower portion of each combustion chamber 20 corresponds to one row of the air channels and one row of the flue gas channels, and the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 corresponding to the lower portions of different combustion chambers 20 are arranged at intervals, that is, the air channels 58, the flue gas channels 59, the air channels 58 and the flue gas channels 59 are arranged in the heat exchange chamber 40 according to the expression "air.

Optionally, each air channel of the air cushion 51 is provided with a plurality of air inlets for inputting combustion-supporting gas (air). In this embodiment, it is preferable to provide four air inlets (as shown in fig. 11) on each air passage of the air blanket, and the four air inlets are uniformly distributed so that the air uniformly enters the heat exchange chamber 40. The air cushion layer 51 is the first layer of the furnace body where the cold air (combustion-supporting gas) of the external environment enters, and can isolate and block the heat of the first heat exchange horizontal layer 52 from being transmitted downwards, so as to cool the bottom of the coke oven and protect the bottom of the coke oven. Each flue gas channel of the air cushion 51 is provided with a plurality of flue gas outlets for discharging high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the vertical flue. In the present embodiment, four flue gas outlets are preferably provided on each flue gas channel (as shown in fig. 12), and the four flue gas outlets 62 constitute a quarter flue.

In this embodiment, heat exchange chamber 40 adopts the quartering heat exchange chamber, namely every air passage 58 is provided with four air inlets, every flue gas passageway 59 is provided with four exhanst gas outlets, can shorten the route of air and flue gas circulation and reduce the circulation resistance, thereby make respective pressure drop reduce, make the pressure differential between them reduce, and then reduced in the heat exchange chamber 40 air and flue gas cluster leak (the partition wall that silica brick made has certain space, these spaces can all have gas cluster leak phenomenon between the brick wall in the stove, after through adopting above-mentioned quartering heat exchange chamber structure, the pressure differential of air passage and flue gas passageway reduces, cluster leak phenomenon is weakened), can improve heat exchange chamber 40's stability and reliability.

In this embodiment, because the coke oven is in a negative pressure state, during charging coal and the like, external smoke and dust gas can enter the combustion chamber 20, and the raw coke gas generated during coking can also carry part of ash, so that the high-temperature smoke discharged from the combustion chamber 20 contains a large amount of dust, therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a transition layer 55 can be further disposed in the heat exchange chamber 40, and the transition layer 55 is disposed above the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 and between the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 and the bottom of the combustion chamber 20. The transition layer 55 is also provided with a partition wall to separate the transition layer into an air channel and a flue gas channel, the air channel of the transition layer is communicated with the air channel of the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54, the flue gas channel 59 of the transition layer 55 comprises a settling area and an ash removal waste gas channel 56 arranged in the partition wall, the inlet of the settling area is communicated with the vertical flue 23 of the combustion chamber 20, the inlet of the ash removal waste gas channel 6 is preferably arranged on the upper part of the flue gas channel of the transition layer 55 and is communicated with the settling area, and the outlet of the ash removal waste gas channel 56 is communicated with the flue gas channel arranged on the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54. The dust in the flue gas from the combustion chamber 20 settles in the settling zone of the transition layer 55 due to the action of gravity, and the dust settled in the settling zone of the transition layer 55 is cleaned at intervals to maintain the ash removal effect of the transition layer 55. The ash-removed flue gas enters the flue gas channel of the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 from the ash-removing waste gas channel 6. The part between the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 and the transition layer 55 and positioned in the air channel is also provided with the perforated brick 57, and the low-temperature air in the third heat exchange horizontal layer 54 is uniformly dispersed and input into the transition layer 55 through the porous structure on the perforated brick 57, so that the uniformity of air preheating is improved.

Optionally, a partition wall in the heat exchange chamber 40 is made of a material with high temperature resistance and good thermal conductivity, such as silica bricks, as shown in fig. 10, a cross section of the silica bricks in the partition wall of the heat exchange chamber 40 is preferably T-shaped, one end of the silica bricks extending horizontally is wider, a groove 60 is arranged at the end, the other end of the silica bricks extending vertically is narrower, and a protrusion 61 matched with the groove is arranged at a position of the end corresponding to the groove 60, so that the partition wall can be built conveniently. The partition wall built by the silica bricks with the T-shaped cross sections has uneven surfaces, so that the surface area is increased, the contact area between the partition wall and air and flue gas can be increased, and the heat transfer effect is improved. The air input by the external environment and the flue gas exhausted by combustion preheat the air through heat transfer of the partition walls in each layer of structure of the heat exchange chamber 40, so that the temperature of the air is increased, and the preheating temperature of the air in the heat exchange chamber 40 in the embodiment is 400-600 ℃, for example, about 500 ℃. The number of layers of the heat exchange chamber 40 can be selected according to practical situations, and the embodiment is not further limited.

In the coke oven of the embodiment, the flow direction of the air flow during the operation is as follows:

(1) the coal material is subjected to dry distillation in the carbonization chamber, the generated raw gas (650 plus 800 ℃) enters a plurality of balance channels at the top of the furnace body through a space reserved at the top of the carbonization chamber respectively, then enters the vertical flue from the top of the combustion chamber, is combusted in the vertical flue to generate a large amount of high-temperature flue gas (about 1300 ℃) and heat, the high-temperature flue gas enters a transition layer of the heat exchange chamber from the bottom of the vertical flue through a second channel in the chute, a large amount of dust is removed in the transition layer and exchanges heat with the air on the transition layer, the high temperature after ash removal sequentially enters a third heat exchange horizontal layer, a second heat exchange horizontal layer, a first heat exchange horizontal layer and an S-shaped flue gas channel in an air cushion layer through an ash removal flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the air, so that the air is preheated in the heat exchange chamber and then is output to a waste heat boiler for power generation. The heat generated by the burning of the raw gas in the vertical flue is transferred to the carbonization chambers arranged between the combustion chambers through heat transfer and is used for the dry distillation of the coal, and the coke product is obtained after the dry distillation of the coal.

(2) The cold air of the external environment is input from the bottom of the heat exchange chamber and firstly enters the air cushion layer, so that the bottom of the coke oven is isolated, and a certain protection effect can be achieved; then, air sequentially passes through S-shaped air channels in the first heat exchange horizontal layer, the second heat exchange horizontal layer, the third heat exchange horizontal layer and the transition layer and exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas in each layer of flue gas channel, so that the temperature of the air is increased (about 500 ℃); the preheated air enters an air channel in the combustion chamber from a first channel in the chute, and enters a vertical flue through a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet arranged on the air channel for burning the raw coke oven gas.

The coke oven disclosed by the embodiment can improve the heating uniformity of the coking chamber, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion chamber is recycled and used for preheating air and improving the heat utilization rate.

It will be understood that the above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and such modifications and improvements are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of a coke oven, which comprises a coking chamber and a combustion chamber and is characterized in that the coking chamber (10) and the combustion chamber (20) are arranged in parallel,

the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure also comprises a balance channel (30), wherein the balance channel is arranged above the carbonization chamber and the carbonization chamber, is respectively communicated with the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, and is used for guiding raw coke oven gas generated in the carbonization chamber into the combustion chamber.

2. The coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke oven of claim 1 wherein the number of the coking chambers and the number of the combustion chambers are both plural, the coking chambers and the combustion chambers are arranged alternately, and the number of the combustion chambers is one more than the number of the coking chambers, so that each coking chamber is located between two combustion chambers.

3. The coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke ovens according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of pairs of flame paths (23) are provided in the combustion chamber, each pair of flame paths being separated by a first partition wall,

and a second partition wall is arranged between two vertical flues in each pair of vertical flues, an air channel (24) is arranged in the second partition wall, and the air channel is communicated with two adjacent vertical flues.

4. The coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of the coke oven according to claim 3, wherein there are two air passages in the second partition wall, and the two air passages are respectively communicated with two vertical flues of each pair of vertical flues.

5. The coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke oven according to claim 2, wherein the equalizing passage extends across each coking chamber and each combustion chamber and communicates with the vertical flue at a position directly below the equalizing passage for equalizing distribution of the raw gas generated in the coking chamber to the vertical flue of each combustion chamber.

6. The coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke oven according to claim 5, wherein the number of the equalization passages is plural and is the same as the number of the vertical flues in a single combustion chamber,

the balance passages are arranged in parallel, and each balance passage is communicated with the vertical flame path at each corresponding position in the combustion chamber.

7. The coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke ovens of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the equalization channel is constructed using silica bricks or clay bricks.

8. The coking chamber-combustion chamber structure of coke ovens of claim 7, wherein the height of the coking chamber is greater than its width.

9. A coke oven comprising a body, wherein the body comprises the coking chamber-combustion chamber arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Coke oven according to claim 9, characterized in that the oven body also comprises a heat exchange chamber (50),

the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body, the heat exchange chamber is arranged below the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber structure and is communicated with the combustion chamber, and the heat exchange chamber is also communicated with the external environment and is used for preheating introduced combustion-supporting gas.

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