WO2017167311A1 - Nfc标签 - Google Patents

Nfc标签 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017167311A1
WO2017167311A1 PCT/CN2017/079276 CN2017079276W WO2017167311A1 WO 2017167311 A1 WO2017167311 A1 WO 2017167311A1 CN 2017079276 W CN2017079276 W CN 2017079276W WO 2017167311 A1 WO2017167311 A1 WO 2017167311A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
ndef
file
nfc
carrying
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/079276
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
楼鹏
王旬贵
张吉红
康泽华
Original Assignee
珠海艾派克微电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2017167311A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017167311A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
    • G06K19/0707—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement being capable of collecting energy from external energy sources, e.g. thermocouples, vibration, electromagnetic radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10297—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of wireless communication, and relates to an NFC tag, an NFC reader and an NFC tag data reading and writing method working in a tag and reader mode.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • NFC devices currently defined by the NFC protocol specification NFCIP-1 (including ISO/IEC 18092 international standard and ECMA-340 standard), ISO/IEC 14443 international standard, Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) X 6319-4 and other non-contact smart card standards can be used.
  • NFC devices Working in reader mode for NFC tags, peer-to-peer mode for other NFC devices, card emulation mode for other NFC readers, and NFC devices based on different NFC standards support 106kbps (kilobits per second) Different data transmission rates, such as 212 kbps and 424 kbps.
  • Two communication modes are supported between NFC devices: the communication initiation device and the target communication device both actively transmit data through their own active mode (such as point-to-point mode); the communication initiation device generates a wireless signal and supplies power to the target communication device through the electromagnetic field, the target The communication device responds to the passive mode of the communication initiating device (such as the reader mode and the card emulation mode) by modulating the existing electromagnetic field.
  • an NFC reader (such as a handset that supports NFC communication) is placed close to the passive NFC tag and generates a wireless signal, and the antenna of the NFC tag captures power from the electromagnetic field of the wireless signal to power the memory, and The data stored in the memory is transmitted to the NFC reader by modulation of the electromagnetic field. Since the passive NFC tag only needs the antenna and the corresponding storage device without the need of an extra battery, the utility model has the advantages of simple manufacture, low cost, convenient volume and thin carrying, and is widely used in electronic signing, anti-counterfeiting identification and electronic business cards for people's lives. Great convenience.
  • NFC Forum which defines the NFC Data Exchange Format (NDEF) as NFC communication between NFC devices and NFC tags and between NFC devices. Universal data format.
  • the NDEF uses an NDEF message as a data exchange structure for NFC communication.
  • An NDEF message may contain at least one NDEF record, and each NDEF record carries a payload for communication (NDEF Payload).
  • NDEF Payload a payload for communication
  • the NFC generator inside the target communication device encapsulates the data to be communicated as one payload into one or more NDEF records, and records the one or more NDEFs as one NDEF message.
  • the NFC parser Sended to the communication initiating device, the NFC parser (NFC parser) inside the communication initiating device parses the received NDEF message out of the payload and transmits it to the NDEF application for processing.
  • an NDEF message is stored in the memory of the NFC tag in the form of a single NDEF record.
  • the NFC tag When the NFC device reads the NFC tag as the communication initiating device, the NFC tag directly sends the single NDEF record as an NDEF message to the NFC.
  • the multiple files are usually encapsulated into multiple NDEF sub-records as payloads, and the multiple NDEF sub-records are encapsulated into a single NDEF record and stored in the NFC tag.
  • the multiple NDEF sub-records are encapsulated into a single NDEF record and stored in the NFC tag.
  • an NFC tag capable of storing and transmitting a relatively large amount of data and an NFC tag reading and writing method for selectively reading and writing a partial data are required.
  • the present invention provides a new data reading and writing method for the NFC tag, the NFC reader, and the NFC tag. .
  • An NFC tag that includes:
  • An NFC antenna for transmitting and receiving communication of NDEF records carrying data of a small amount of data by demodulating or modulating an electromagnetic field
  • a non-volatile storage unit that stores data of a larger amount of data
  • the data management system includes a data reading unit, an NDEF message encapsulating unit and an NDEF message sending unit, and the data reading unit is configured to read data of a larger amount of data stored by the nonvolatile storage unit, and the NDEF message encapsulating unit is used.
  • the NDEF message sending unit is configured to encapsulate the data of the larger data volume into a plurality of NDEF records carrying data of a smaller data volume, and the NDEF message sending unit is configured to send the NDEF records of the data carrying the smaller data volume through the NFC antenna modulation electromagnetic field. .
  • the data of the larger data amount is at least one NDEF record.
  • An NFC tag that includes:
  • An NFC antenna for transmitting and receiving communication of NDEF records carrying data of a small amount of data by demodulating or modulating an electromagnetic field
  • a non-volatile storage unit that stores data of a larger amount of data
  • the data management system includes a data reading and writing unit, an NDEF message encapsulating unit, an NDEF message parsing unit, and an NDEF messaging unit, and the data reading and writing unit is configured to read out a large amount of data stored by the nonvolatile storage unit.
  • the NDEF message encapsulating unit is configured to encapsulate the data of a larger amount of data into a plurality of data carrying a smaller amount of data.
  • NDEF recording the NDEF messaging unit is configured to transmit the NDEF records of the plurality of data carrying a smaller amount of data through the NFC antenna modulation electromagnetic field, and the NDEF messaging unit is configured to receive the smaller data amount of the plurality of bearers received by the NFC antenna.
  • the NDEF record of the data is sent to the NDEF message parsing unit, and the NDEF message parsing unit is configured to parse the NDEF record of the plurality of data carrying the smaller data amount and extract the data of the larger data amount in the payload,
  • the large amount of data is transferred to the data read/write unit, and the data read/write unit is used to write the larger amount of data to the nonvolatile storage unit.
  • the NDEF record of the plurality of data carrying a smaller amount of data includes at least one NDEF sub-record, and the NDEF message parsing unit transmits the at least one NDEF sub-record to the data read/write unit.
  • the NFC tag of the NFC tag described above is also used to capture electrical energy from an electromagnetic field.
  • the NFC tag Compared with the prior art, the NFC tag provided by the present invention sets a data management system in the NFC tag, reads a plurality of NDEF records or encapsulates NDEF records that execute a larger amount of data through the data management system, and applies a plurality of NDEFs.
  • the recording is parsed or directly written to the non-volatile storage unit to realize storage and transmission of a larger amount of data, and the data header is set in the non-volatile storage unit, and the targeted information is performed through the index information of each file in the data header.
  • partial file data is read or rewritten, rewritten, to achieve more flexible reading and writing of data in the NFC tag.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an NFC tag provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of data storage of an NFC tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an NFC tag provided by the present invention.
  • the NFC tag 2 includes: an NFC antenna 21 for capturing electric energy from an electromagnetic field and transceiving or modulating an electromagnetic field, and a nonvolatile storage unit 22 storing data as a payload, and The NFC tag 2 further includes a data management system 23 for managing, reading or storing data stored by the non-volatile storage unit 22, and encapsulating the data stored by the non-volatile storage unit 22 into an NFC antenna.
  • the NDEF message format transmitted by 21 or the NDEF message received by the NFC antenna 21 is parsed into a data format suitable for storage by the non-volatile storage unit 22.
  • the NFC antenna 21 may be a coil that is wound into a circular or elliptical shape or any other shape.
  • the non-volatile memory unit 22 can be implemented by a non-volatile memory device such as EEPROM, EPROM, FLASH, ferroelectric memory or phase change memory, or can be used with one or more registers, registers, and RAM.
  • the memory is implemented in combination with at least one of the above non-volatile memories.
  • the data management system 23 may be a separately provided single-chip controller, or may be a combination of a plurality of control circuits integrated with the non-volatile memory unit 23, such as an SOC system designed on a wafer.
  • the data management system 23 provided by the present invention can be implemented in various manners for different storage types.
  • the implementation structure of the NFC tag 2 provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the non-volatile storage unit 22 of the NFC tag 2 provided in this embodiment stores a larger amount of data (such as a file larger than 1 MB) in the form of original data not encapsulated in NDEF records, and the amount of data exceeds that of the NFC antenna.
  • the payload of a single NDEF record that is sent to the NFC reader can carry the amount of data of the data).
  • the data management system 23 of the NFC tag 2 includes an NDEF message transmitting unit 231a, a data reading unit 232c, and an NDEF message encapsulating unit 233 for storing the nonvolatile storage unit 22.
  • the NDEF message encapsulating unit 233 is configured to encapsulate a larger amount of data read by the data reading unit 232c into a plurality of NDEF records, and encapsulate a part of the larger amount of data as a payload into each NDEF record.
  • each NDEF record carries a smaller amount of data (eg, an NDEF record of less than 8 KB) to be stably transmitted to the NFC reader/writer by the NFC antenna 21, and the NDEF message transmitting unit 231a is configured to use the ordered plurality of NDEFs
  • the record is transmitted as an at least one NDEF message modulated by the NFC antenna 21 to the electromagnetic field.
  • the NDEF message sending unit 231a and the NDEF message encapsulating unit 233 may also merge the NDEF message encapsulating transmitting unit that is set and sent by a single control message, or adopt a plurality of overlapping control circuit combinations.
  • the data amount of the payload carried by the encapsulated plurality of NDEF records can be flexibly set according to the type of the NFC standard supported by the NFC reader and the supported communication rate, for example, for lower communication.
  • the rate can encapsulate the data into a larger number of NDEF records carrying a smaller amount of data to improve the stability of the NFC communication.
  • the NDEF message sending unit 231a encapsulates the data of the larger data amount into the NDEF records of the plurality of data carrying the smaller data amount according to the NDEF message encapsulating unit 233, and the plurality of bearers carrying the smaller data amount.
  • the NDEF record of the data is sent out through the NFC antenna modulation electromagnetic field.
  • the NDEF message sending unit 231a sends an NDEF record carrying the start tag to indicate the start of sending the plurality of NDEF records before transmitting the first NDEF record carrying the smaller amount of data, and sends the current read.
  • an NDEF record carrying the end tag is sent to indicate the completion of the transmission of the plurality of NDEF records; or the first bearer is sent by the NDEF message sending unit 231a.
  • the NDEF record of a small amount of data is marked on the NDEF record, and an end mark is made on the NDEF record when the last NDEF record of the current read that carries a smaller amount of data is transmitted.
  • the non-volatile storage unit 22 may store a single data, such as a single file, or may store multiple different data of the same type, such as multiple documents, and may also store different types of different data, such as documents.
  • pictures which can be packaged and sent out as a single data, optionally, or for multiple different Data, respectively, each data is encapsulated into a plurality of NDEF records and a plurality of NDEF records of the next data are sent after transmitting a plurality of NDEF records encapsulated by one data, wherein each data is encapsulated into an NDEF record.
  • the order is not limited.
  • the data stored by the non-volatile storage unit 22 may also be at least one NDEF record of one or more NDEF messages, which may still be at least the NDEF message encapsulating unit 233 provided in this embodiment.
  • An NDEF record is repackaged as a new NDEF record of the appropriate amount of data.
  • the NDEF record may be repackaged into a plurality of new NDEF records of a smaller data amount, and the plurality of new NDEFs are If the record is sent out, it is feasible to re-encapsulate a plurality of smaller NDEF records as sub-records into a new NDEF record of a larger amount of data and send it out.
  • the data management system can directly encapsulate the data stored in the non-volatile storage unit into a plurality of NDEF records and send the data, so that the NFC tag can not only store and send a larger amount of data, but also The encapsulation of the NDEF record can be flexibly performed in accordance with NFC communication.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Similar to the NFC tag provided in the first embodiment, the non-volatile memory unit 22 of the NFC tag 2 provided in this embodiment also stores a relatively large amount of data in the form of original data not encapsulated in NDEF records. As shown in FIG. 3, the NDEF messaging unit 231b and the data reading and writing unit 232d of the data management system 23 provided in this embodiment are compared with the NDEF message sending unit 231a and the data reading unit 232c provided in the first embodiment. It not only has the function setting of data readout and NDEF message transmission, but also has the function setting of NDEF message reception and data writing.
  • the data read/write unit 232d, the NDEF message encapsulating unit 233, and the NDEF messaging unit 231b read and encapsulate the data stored in the nonvolatile storage unit 22 into NDEF records and transmit them out, the principle is the same as in the first embodiment. This will not be repeated here.
  • the data management system 23 includes an NDEF message transceiving unit 231b, a data read/write unit 232d, an NDEF message encapsulating unit 233, and an NDEF message parsing unit 234, wherein the NDEF message parsing unit 234 is configured to parse and extract the NDEF record.
  • the data in its payload.
  • the NFC antenna 21 of the NFC tag 2 demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the received NDEF message, and the NDEF messaging unit 231b transmits the NDEF message containing the NDEF records of the plurality of specific sequences.
  • the NDEF message parsing unit 234 parses and extracts the data in the payload from the plurality of NDEF records, and transfers the larger amount of data to the data read/write unit 232d, and the data read/write unit 232d compares the data. A large amount of data is written into the nonvolatile memory unit 22.
  • the NDEF messaging unit 231b receives the NDEF record carrying the initial tag sent by an NFC reader/writer, indicating the start of transmission of multiple NDEF records, and then starts receiving the first NDEF record carrying a smaller amount of data. And indicating that the completion of the transmission of the plurality of NDEF records is received when receiving an NDEF record carrying the end tag; or, starting on the first NDEF record sent to the NDEF messaging unit 231b to carry a smaller amount of data.
  • the start flag is marked on the last NDEF record carrying the smaller amount of data for the current transmission, and the NDEF messaging unit 231b completes the judgment of the message reception.
  • the data read/write unit 232d writes the larger amount of data to the nonvolatile storage unit 22
  • the first address of the nonvolatile storage unit 22 may be started in the order of the received NDEF records.
  • the larger amount of data is stored one by one, and the larger amount of data of the address may be stored in the predetermined order stored in the nonvolatile storage unit 22.
  • the NDEF messaging unit 231b may also be configured to send the NDEF record to the NDEF message parsing unit 234 every time an NDEF record is received, and the NDEF message parsing unit 234 parses the NDEF record and extracts the payload.
  • the data is written into the nonvolatile memory unit 22 by the data read/write unit 232d.
  • the NDEF message parsing unit 234 provided in this embodiment is configured to parse the NDEF record to further re-encapsulate the parsed data into a required new NDEF record for subsequent transmission.
  • the NDEF message parsing unit 234 may continue to parse the NDEF sub-record after parsing the NDEF record until the data in the payload of all NDEF records is extracted, or only the NDEF may be parsed. The recording and transfer of the NDEF sub-record as data is transmitted to the data reading and writing unit 232d.
  • the data read/write unit 232d may also be separately configured as a single data readout unit for controlling data readout (232c of FIG. 2) and a separate data write unit for controlling data write.
  • the NDEF messaging unit 231b can also be separately configured as a separate NDEF message sending unit (such as 231a of FIG. 2) for controlling NDEF message transmission and a single NDEF message receiving unit for controlling NDEF message reception.
  • the data management system can directly parse the plurality of NDEF records encapsulated with a larger amount of data and store the data to the non-volatile storage unit, so that the data can be flexibly transmitted when the data is transmitted.
  • a large amount of data is encapsulated into multiple NDEF records and sent out.
  • the present invention is based on the NFC tag implementation structure of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, when the non-volatile storage unit stores data composed of a plurality of files, in order to perform file reading and writing more flexibly or only partially.
  • a data storage structure of a non-volatile memory unit of an NFC tag is provided.
  • An NFC tag that includes:
  • An NFC antenna for transmitting and receiving communication of NDEF records carrying data of a small amount of data by demodulating or modulating an electromagnetic field
  • a non-volatile storage unit that stores data of a larger amount of data, the data of the larger amount of data including a plurality of files;
  • a data management system including a data reading unit, an NDEF message encapsulating unit, and an NDEF messaging unit,
  • the data readout unit is configured to read out the data of the larger data amount stored by the nonvolatile storage unit,
  • the NDEF message encapsulating unit is configured to encapsulate the data of the larger data amount into a plurality of NDEF records that carry data of a smaller amount of data
  • the NDEF message sending unit is configured to send the NDEF records of the plurality of data carrying a small amount of data through the NFC antenna modulation electromagnetic field,
  • the nonvolatile storage unit includes:
  • the directory area describes the total data length of the data header and the total data length of the data area.
  • the data header is stored before the data area, and the directory area is stored before the data header.
  • the total data length information of the data header of the directory area is set at a starting position of the data header.
  • the total data length information of the data area of the directory area is set at a starting position of the data area.
  • the data header further describes a data length of each of the files of the data area.
  • the data header further describes an end address of each of the files of the data area.
  • the data header further describes at least one type of information, such as a file name, a file type or an identifier, and a sequence code of the file.
  • the identification code is used to mark the type of the file
  • the sequence code is used to mark the reading order of the files.
  • the directory area further describes the number of the files in the data area, the date of generation of the file, the date of rewriting the file, the name, type, function, production date, and corresponding identification of the NFC tag. At least one type of information above the code or check code.
  • the type of the NFC tag is used to determine an application policy of the file of the NFC tag.
  • the NDEF that records data with a smaller amount of data is recorded as an NDEF record that can be stably sent by the NFC antenna.
  • the data amount of the larger data amount exceeds the data amount of the payload portable data of the single NDEF record that can be stably transmitted by the NFC antenna.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data storage structure of an NFC tag according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • a non-volatile storage unit 22 may be provided with a firmware area for storing running programs, instructions, and instructions for storing data including a plurality of files and an index directory for data management associated with the data management system. Storage area. As shown in FIG.
  • the non-volatile storage unit 22 includes a firmware area 221 for storing firmware such as running programs, instructions, and the like required for the operation of the data management system, and other storage firmware required for the operation of the NFC tag; 222, before the data header 223 and the data area 224, describe at least one type of information such as the total length information of the data header 223, the total length information of the data area 224, and the number of files of the data area 224, for respectively indexing and identifying
  • the data header 223 and the data area 224, the directory area may also include the name, type, function, production date, file generation date, file rewriting date, and corresponding identification code or check code of the NFC tag, and the type of the NFC tag may be An application policy for determining the data of the NFC tag by using an identification code.
  • the name of the NFC tag can be set to be changed or unchangeable, and is used to identify and distinguish the NFC tag by the type of the NFC tag and the name of the NFC tag; 223.
  • the first address information and the length information of each file are respectively described according to the storage order of each file, and are used to pass the start address and data of each file.
  • the individual files are searched and read and written separately.
  • the data header 223 can also describe the first address information and the tail address information of each file, and index a single file by using the start address and the end address of each file.
  • the data header 223 may also additionally add a file name, a file type, or an identification code and a sequence code of each file; the data area 224, according to the first address information and the data length information of each file described by the data header 223, or The first address information and the last address information store each file data.
  • the information of the directory area and the data header is used as index information for indexing the files of the data area.
  • the total length information of the data header 223 and the total length information of the data area 224 may also be separately described in the starting position of the respective area, for example, the first 2 bytes of the directory area describe the total of the directory area.
  • the length, the first 2 bytes of the data header describes the total length of the data header; moreover, the directory area 222 and the data header 223 can also be combined into a single information area.
  • the data management system and the non-volatile memory unit When the NFC tag of the NFC tag captures power from the electromagnetic field, the data management system and the non-volatile memory unit obtain the power required for operation, and the data management system loads the running program from the firmware area of the non-volatile memory unit to perform reading of the data. Management tasks such as outputting or writing, wherein the data management system preferentially reads out the information in the directory area and the data header of the non-volatile storage unit, and can transmit the information or be indexed by the data management system to identify the NFC. The information of the tag, as well as the start address, data length or end address of each file.
  • the data management system When receiving a read/write request for at least one of the files, the data management system reads or rewrites the data according to the start address and the data length corresponding to the file, or when receiving a certain starting address When a read/write request is made to the data of the data length, the data management system points to the start address and performs reading or rewriting of the data for the data of the predetermined data length.
  • the directory area and the data header are preferably stored in front of the data area.
  • the directory area or the data header may be stored in other addresses or stored in other specific order, as long as the priority reading is performed. It is the object of the present invention to index information of the directory area and the data header and to index each file in the data area.
  • each file described in this embodiment may also be stored in the form of an NDEF record.
  • each file described in this embodiment may be a single file of a single type. It is a collection of multiple files, such as a compressed package of files, etc. It can also be part of a single file, such as one of multiple compressed packages.
  • the data management system can separately index each file according to the start address, length information, or start address and end address of each file described by the data header, and specifically target each file. Or only partial file read and write, providing a more flexible way of reading and writing NFC tag multi-file data.
  • the following implementation method can be implemented for multi-file data reading and writing of the NFC tag.
  • the multi-file data reading method of the NFC tag may include the following processes:
  • Preparation step the NFC antenna captures electric energy from the electromagnetic field, the data management system and the non-volatile storage unit obtain the electric energy required for starting the operation, and the data management system starts to run from the firmware area loading and running program of the non-volatile storage unit;
  • Step 301 The data management system loads the directory area and the data header of the non-volatile storage unit, and obtains the name, type, file name, file type or file identifier, and file sequence code of the plurality of files stored in the data area. And the start address, data length or end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area;
  • Step 302 The data management system determines, according to the name, the type of the NFC tag, the file name of the plurality of files stored in the data area, the file type, or at least one of the file identifier and the file sequence code, the plurality of data areas are stored. The file reading order of the file;
  • Step 303 The data management system indexes the start address, the data length, or the end address of each file according to the file reading order, and sequentially reads each file from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit;
  • Step 304 The data management system encapsulates the read files into a plurality of NDEF records carrying a small amount of data, and transmits them by the NFC antenna modulation electromagnetic field.
  • the data management system determines the data application policy of the NFC tag according to the type of the NFC tag (such as the type identification code), thereby determining the read priority of each file, thereby determining the file reading order of the multiple files;
  • the data management system can also directly determine the file reading order of each file according to the file sequential code of each file; optionally, the data management system can not clearly determine the reading priority or the file reading order of the file. It is also possible to directly read out a plurality of files in which the order cannot be determined in the order in which they are stored.
  • the data management system reads the files in order and executes the encapsulation of the NDEF records in the order in which the files are read.
  • the data management system may first read the files according to the storage order of the files, and then read the files.
  • the order of each file is determined according to the type of the NFC tag or the file order code of each file, and the encapsulation of the NDEF record is performed in accordance with the determined order of each file.
  • the data management system can be configured to read a file first, then package the file, and then read the next file.
  • the data management system can directly determine the reading order of each file according to the type of the NFC tag or the specified sequence code of each file, and then execute each file data in sequence. Readout and encapsulation of NDEF messages.
  • the multi-file data writing method of the NFC tag may include the following processes:
  • Preparation step the NFC antenna captures electric energy from the electromagnetic field, the data management system and the non-volatile storage unit obtain the electric energy required for starting the operation, and the data management system starts to run from the firmware area loading and running program of the non-volatile storage unit;
  • Step 401 The data management system loads the directory area and the data header of the non-volatile storage unit, and obtains the name, type, file name, file type or file identifier, and file sequence code of the plurality of files stored in the data area. And the start address, data length or end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area;
  • Step 402 The NFC antenna demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the received NDEF message.
  • Step 403 The data management system parses the NDEF message and extracts the data in the payload, and confirms whether the write type is a separate rewriting of at least one file or at least one file rewriting according to at least one file and a write type included in the data;
  • Step 404 If the write type is a separate rewriting of at least one file, the data management system performs rewriting of the at least one file according to the start address, the data length, or the end address of the file, and retains index information such as a start address of the file;
  • Step 405 If the write type is at least one file rewrite, the data management system performs rewriting of the at least one file according to the start address, the data length or the end address of the file, and regenerates the new file name and file type. Index information such as a file identification code, a file sequence code, and a file start address, data length, or end address, and the new index information is written to the data header.
  • the data management system determines the write type as the overwriting of the file.
  • the data extracted by the data management system may also include at least one file, confirm the write type according to at least one of the file name, the file type, or the file identifier, and perform corresponding rewriting or Rewrite.
  • the data management system can directly perform file rewriting or rewriting and retain or generate new index information according to the writing type, and read or write the subsequent file. be ready.
  • this embodiment provides An NFC reader/writer having an NFC antenna for NFC communication and an NFC parser for parsing NDEF records in an NDEF message, and an NFC generator for encapsulating data or instructions into NDEF records,
  • the NFC reader is further equipped with at least one application (Application, APP for short) capable of processing data of the NFC tag, and the NDEF application (ie, the application) is used to obtain the name of the NFC tag via NFC communication.
  • Application Application
  • the index information specifies the write type of the NFC tag and the transmission processing of the corresponding write file.
  • At least one application of the NFC reader obtains the type of the NFC tag, and directly specifies the file reading order of the multiple files in the NFC tag according to the type of the NFC tag, for example, for different types of NFC tags.
  • Set different file priority reading order rules or, optionally, at least one application of the NFC reader has an operation interface of user visualization and user interaction, and can specify more NFC tags through the user's priority reading instruction.
  • the file reading order of the file for example, the NFC reader can be a mobile phone supporting NFC communication, and the application can be an application APP in the mobile phone, and the application APP obtains the file name in the NFC tag or
  • the file type is displayed to the user in the visual operation interface, and the user clicks or selects the corresponding preferentially read file, and at the same time, the user can select the number of files to be read when the file does not need to be read.
  • At least one application of the NFC reader can directly obtain a file reading order according to the type of the NFC tag by acquiring the name and type of the NFC tag, or can obtain the file name of multiple files of the NFC tag. , file type or file identification code, according to the file name or file type to specify the reading order of each file, and the NFC tag data management system according to the file start address, data length or end address information to execute the corresponding order of the file Read, or you can obtain the NFC tag name, type or file name, file type or file identifier of multiple files to determine the reading order of each file, and according to the starting address, data length or End Data Information
  • the data management system that directly specifies the NFC tag reads the file data based on each start address and the corresponding data length or end address.
  • At least one application of the NFC reader can send the file name, file type or file identifier of the written file and the corresponding file data, and the data management system of the NFC tag is based on the file name or file.
  • the type execution file is rewritten, or can be executed by directly sending the start address, data length or end address information of the write file and the corresponding data management system that writes the file data and specifies the NFC tag according to the start address.
  • the rewriting of the line file, or the file data can be written directly by the NFC tag, and the file rewriting from the data area first address is directly performed by the data management system of the NFC tag.
  • the following methods can be implemented for multi-file data reading and writing of the NFC reader and the NFC tag.
  • the corresponding directory area and the data header are set in front of the data area, and the multi-file data reading method for the NFC reader to obtain the directory area and the data header and specify the file to be read by the NFC tag may include the following processes:
  • the NFC reader is close to the NFC tag and establishes NFC communication.
  • the NFC tag NFC antenna captures electric energy from the electromagnetic field emitted by the NFC reader, and the NFC tag data management system and the non-volatile storage unit are started.
  • the required power, the data management system starts running from the firmware area loading and running program of the non-volatile storage unit;
  • Step 501 The data management system of the NFC tag loads the directory area and the data header of the non-volatile storage unit, and obtains the name, type, file name, file type or file identifier of the plurality of files stored in the data area, a file sequence code, and a start address, a data length, or an end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area;
  • Step 502 The data management system of the NFC tag encapsulates the name, type, file name, file type or file identifier of the plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least a part of the file sequence code to carry a smaller amount of data. At least one NDEF information record is sent to the NFC reader by the NFC antenna modulated electromagnetic field of the NFC tag;
  • Step 503 The NFC antenna of the NFC reader acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and parses the name, type, file name, file type or file of the plurality of files stored in the NFC tag through the NFC parser. At least a part of information such as an identification code and a file sequence code is transmitted to an application of the NFC reader/writer;
  • Step 504 The application of the NFC reader/writer determines, according to the type of the NFC tag or according to the order of the file to be read by the user, the file name or file type of the file to be read and the reading order of the plurality of files.
  • the NFC generator of the NFC reader/writer encapsulates the file name or file type of the file to be read and the read order instruction of the plurality of files into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small amount of data, and is read by the NFC reader.
  • the NFC antenna is sent to the NFC tag via an electromagnetic field;
  • Step 505 The NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to acquire the data management system that records the at least one NDEF command and transmits the data to the NFC tag.
  • Step 506 The data management system of the NFC tag parses and acquires the file name or file type of the file to be read by the application of the NFC reader and the reading order of the plurality of files, and according to the starting address and data length of each file. Or ending the address information, sequentially reading each file from the data area of the non-volatile storage unit;
  • Step 507 The data management system of the NFC tag encapsulates the read files into a plurality of NDEF data records carrying a small amount of data, and sends the NFC tag modulated electromagnetic field to the NFC reader/writer by the NFC tag;
  • Step 508 The NFC antenna of the NFC reader acquires the at least one NDEF data record, parses the file through the NFC parser, and transmits the file to the application of the NFC reader/writer;
  • Step 509 The application of the NFC reader/writer performs processing on the read file.
  • steps 502-506 can also be performed as follows:
  • Step 502 ′ The data management system of the NFC tag stores at least a part of information such as a name, a type, a file name of a plurality of files stored in the data area, a file type or a file identifier, a file sequence code, and the data area. At least a part of the information of the start address, the data length or the end address of the plurality of files is encapsulated into at least one NDEF information record carrying a small amount of data, and is sent to the NFC reader by the NFC antenna modulated electromagnetic field of the NFC tag;
  • Step 503 ′ The NFC antenna of the NFC reader acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and parses the name, type, file name, file type or file type of the plurality of files stored in the NFC tag through the NFC parser. At least a part of information such as a file identification code, a file sequence code, and at least a part of information such as a start address, a data length or an end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area are transmitted to an application of the NFC reader/writer;
  • Step 504' The application of the NFC reader/writer determines, according to the type of the NFC tag or according to the order of the file to be read by the user, the file name or file type of the file to be read and the reading order of the plurality of files. And describing the file read command according to the start address, data length or end address information of each file to be read, the start address, data length or end address of each file to be read by the NFC reader of the NFC reader/writer The information and the read order instruction of the plurality of files are encapsulated into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small amount of data, and are sent to the NFC tag by the NFC antenna of the NFC reader/writer through the electromagnetic field;
  • Step 505' the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to acquire the data management system of the at least one NDEF instruction record and transmitted to the NFC tag;
  • Step 506 ′ The data management system of the NFC tag parses and acquires the start address, the data length or the end address information, and the reading order of the file to be read by the application of the NFC reader, and directly deletes each file from the order.
  • the data area of the memory cell is read out.
  • the NFC reader application may not send the reading order of the multiple files to the NFC tag, but only send Read the read request (file name or file start address and length information) of the file in the highest order, and send the read request of the next file in the read order after the file is read (file name or file) Start address and length information), so until all the files to be read are read, the NFC communication is ended.
  • the NFC reader application can read from the beginning of the file by the start address of the file, and locate the length of the file to be read by the length information to be read. Or, when a part of a single file has been read, the NFC reader application can control the desired read position by locating the starting address to be read (the middle position of the entire file) and by reading the length information to be read. The amount of data taken.
  • the NFC reader acquires the indexes of the plurality of files of the NFC tag through the directory area and the data header, and directly specifies the file name to be read,
  • the file type or file address is indexed by the data management system of the NFC tag or directly reads the corresponding file data and encapsulated into an NDEF record and sent to the NFC reader, so that the target to be read can be directly controlled on the NFC reader side.
  • the order in which files or files are read provides a more flexible NFC tag file data reading mechanism.
  • the NFC reader is close to the NFC tag and establishes NFC communication.
  • the NFC tag NFC antenna captures electric energy from the electromagnetic field emitted by the NFC reader, and the NFC tag data management system and the non-volatile storage unit are started.
  • the required power, the data management system starts running from the firmware area loading and running program of the non-volatile storage unit;
  • Step 601 The data management system of the NFC tag loads the directory area and the data header of the non-volatile storage unit, and obtains the name, type, file name, file type or file identifier of the plurality of files stored in the data area, a file sequence code, and a start address, a data length, or an end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area;
  • Step 602 The data management system of the NFC tag encapsulates the name, type, file name, file type, or file identifier of the plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least a part of the file sequence code into a small data amount. At least one NDEF information record is sent to the NFC reader by the NFC antenna modulated electromagnetic field of the NFC tag;
  • Step 603 The NFC antenna of the NFC reader acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and parses the name, type, file name, file type or file of the plurality of files stored in the NFC tag through the NFC parser. At least a part of information such as an identification code and a file sequence code is transmitted to an application of the NFC reader/writer;
  • Step 604 The application of the NFC reader/writer is directly specified according to the file name, file type or file identifier of the multiple files of the NFC tag, the file sequence code, or the file to be rewritten according to the selection of the file to be rewritten by the user.
  • the file name or file type and the rewriting order of the plurality of files, the NFC generator of the NFC reader/writer encapsulates the file name or file type of the file to be rewritten, the rewriting order of the plurality of files, and the corresponding file rewriting data into a bearer.
  • At least one NDEF instruction of a small amount of data is recorded and sent to the NFC tag by the NFC antenna of the NFC reader/writer via an electromagnetic field;
  • Step 605 The NFC tag demodulating electromagnetic field of the NFC tag acquires the at least one NDEF command record and transmits the data to the data management system of the NFC tag;
  • Step 606 The data management system of the NFC tag parses and acquires the file name or file type of the file to be rewritten by the application of the NFC reader/writer, the rewriting sequence of the plurality of files, and the corresponding file rewriting data, and according to the start of each file.
  • the address, data length, or end address information, and the files of the data area of the nonvolatile memory unit are rewritten in order.
  • steps 602-606 can also be performed as follows:
  • Step 602' The data management system of the NFC tag stores at least a part of information such as a name, a type, a file name of a plurality of files stored in the data area, a file type or a file identifier, a file sequence code, and the data area. At least a part of the information of the start address, the data length or the end address of the plurality of files is encapsulated into at least one NDEF information record carrying a small amount of data, and is sent to the NFC reader by the NFC antenna modulated electromagnetic field of the NFC tag;
  • Step 603 ′ The NFC antenna of the NFC reader acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and parses the name, type, file name, file type or file type of the plurality of files stored in the NFC tag through the NFC parser. At least a part of information such as a file identification code, a file sequence code, and at least a part of information such as a start address, a data length or an end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area are transmitted to an application of the NFC reader/writer;
  • Step 604 ′ The application of the NFC reader/writer is directly specified according to the file name, file type or file identifier of the multiple files of the NFC tag, the file sequence code, or determined according to the user's selection of the file to be rewritten.
  • the file name or file type of the file and the rewriting order of the multiple files, and the file rewriting instruction is described according to the start address, data length or end address information of each file to be rewritten, and the NFC reader of the NFC reader will be rewritten each
  • the start address, data length or end address information of the file, the rewriting sequence of the plurality of files, and the corresponding file rewriting data are encapsulated into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small amount of data, and the electromagnetic field is passed by the NFC antenna of the NFC reader/writer. Send to the NFC tag;
  • Step 605' the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to acquire the at least one NDEF instruction record, and transmits the data to the data management system of the NFC tag;
  • Step 606' The data management system of the NFC tag parses and acquires the start address, data length or end address information, the rewriting sequence, and the corresponding file rewriting data of the file to be rewritten by the application of the NFC reader, directly in the order. File rewriting of the data area of the volatile memory unit.
  • the NFC reader application may not send the rewriting order of the multiple files to the NFC tag, but only the rewriting sequence.
  • the rewriting request of the first file (file name or file start address and length information)
  • the rewriting request (file name or file start address and length information) of the next file in the rewriting order is sent, This completes the NFC communication until all the files to be rewritten are rewritten.
  • the application of the NFC reader can be rewritten from the beginning of the file by the starting address of the file, and the length of the file to be rewritten is determined by the length information to be rewritten, or
  • the NFC reader application can control the amount of data to be communicated by locating the starting address to be rewritten (the middle position of the entire file) and by length information to be overwritten.
  • the corresponding setting may be at least A separately rewritten write type of a file is sent to the NFC tag.
  • the non-volatile memory unit of the NFC tag uses a memory device that can be rewritten in bits such as EEPROM, only rewriting some bits does not affect the data of other storage addresses, and may be used in this embodiment.
  • the file data rewriting method rewrites some of the data.
  • the NFC reader acquires the indexes of the plurality of files of the NFC tag through the directory area and the data header, and directly specifies the file name and file type to be rewritten. Or the file address, so that the target file to be rewritten can be directly controlled on the NFC reader side, and a more flexible NFC tag file data rewriting mechanism is provided.
  • the NFC reader is close to the NFC tag and establishes NFC communication.
  • the NFC tag NFC antenna captures electric energy from the electromagnetic field emitted by the NFC reader, and the NFC tag data management system and the non-volatile storage unit are started.
  • the required power, the data management system starts running from the firmware area loading and running program of the non-volatile storage unit;
  • Step 701 The data management system of the NFC tag loads the directory area and the data header of the non-volatile storage unit, and obtains the name, type, file name, file type or file identifier of the plurality of files stored in the data area, a file sequence code, and a start address, a data length, or an end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area;
  • Step 702 The data management system of the NFC tag encapsulates the name, type, file name, file type, or file identifier of the plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least a part of the file sequence code into a small data amount. At least one NDEF information record is sent to the NFC reader by the NFC antenna modulated electromagnetic field of the NFC tag;
  • Step 703 The NFC antenna of the NFC reader acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and the file name, file type, or file of the plurality of files stored in the name, type, and data area of the NFC tag is parsed by the NFC parser. At least a part of information such as an identification code and a file sequence code is transmitted to an application of the NFC reader/writer;
  • Step 704 The application of the NFC reader/writer is directly specified according to the file name, file type or file identifier of the multiple files of the NFC tag, the file sequence code, or determined according to the user's selection of the file to be rewritten.
  • the file name or file type of the file and the rewriting order of the plurality of files, the NFC writer's NFC generator, the file name or file type of the file to be rewritten, the rewriting order of the plurality of files, and the corresponding file Rewriting data is encapsulated into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small amount of data, and is sent to the NFC tag by an NFC antenna of the NFC reader/writer through an electromagnetic field;
  • Step 705 The NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to acquire the data management system that records the at least one NDEF command and transmits the data to the NFC tag.
  • Step 706 The data management system of the NFC tag parses and acquires the file name or file type of the file to be rewritten by the application of the NFC reader/writer, the rewriting order of the plurality of files, and the corresponding file rewriting data, and according to each file.
  • the start address, data length or end address information rewrite the files of the data area of the non-volatile storage unit in order, and regenerate new file names, file types, file identifiers, file order codes, and files.
  • Index information such as a start address, a data length, or an end address, and the new index information is written to the data header.
  • steps 702-706 can also be performed as follows:
  • Step 702' The data management system of the NFC tag stores at least a part of information such as a name, a type, a file name of a plurality of files stored in the data area, a file type or a file identifier, a file sequence code, and a data area. At least a part of the information of the start address, the data length or the end address of the plurality of files is encapsulated into at least one NDEF information record carrying a small amount of data, and is sent to the NFC reader by the NFC antenna modulated electromagnetic field of the NFC tag;
  • Step 703 ′ the NFC antenna of the NFC reader acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and parses the name, type, file name, file type or file type of the plurality of files stored in the NFC tag through the NFC parser. At least a part of information such as a file identification code, a file sequence code, and at least a part of information such as a start address, a data length or an end address of a plurality of files stored in the data area are transmitted to an application of the NFC reader/writer;
  • Step 704 ′ The application of the NFC reader/writer is directly specified according to the file name, file type or file identifier of the multiple files of the NFC tag, the file sequence code, or determined according to the selection of the file to be rewritten by the user.
  • the file name or file type of the file and the rewriting order of multiple files, and the file rewriting instruction is described according to the start address, data length or end address information of each file to be rewritten, and the NFC reader of the NFC reader/writer will
  • the rewritten file start address, data length or end address information, rewriting order of multiple files, and corresponding file rewriting data are encapsulated into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small amount of data, and read and written by NFC
  • the NFC antenna of the device is sent to the NFC tag through an electromagnetic field;
  • Step 705' the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to acquire the data management system of the at least one NDEF instruction record and sent to the NFC tag;
  • Step 706' The data management system of the NFC tag parses and acquires the start address, data length or end address information, rewriting order, and corresponding file rewriting data of the file to be rewritten by the application of the NFC reader/writer, and directly presses
  • the files of the data area of the non-volatile storage unit are sequentially rewritten, and new file names, file types, file identifiers, file order codes, and index information such as the start address, data length, or end address of the file are regenerated. Write the new index information to the header.
  • steps 704', 706' may also be performed as follows:
  • Step 704" the application of the NFC reader/writer is directly specified according to the file name, the file type or the file identifier of the multiple files of the NFC tag, the file sequence code, or according to the selection of the file to be rewritten by the user.
  • the file name or file type of the written file and the rewriting order of the multiple files and generate a new file name, file type, file identifier, according to the start address, data length or end address information of each file to be rewritten, Index information such as file sequence code and file start address, data length or end address, file name or file type, start address, data length or end address information of each file to be rewritten by the NFC reader of the NFC reader/writer
  • the rewriting sequence of the plurality of files, the corresponding file rewriting data, and the corresponding new index information are encapsulated into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small amount of data, and sent to the NFC by the NFC antenna of the NFC reader/writer through the electromagnetic field label;
  • Step 706" The data management system of the NFC tag parses and acquires the file name or file type, the start address, the data length or the end address information, the rewriting order, and the corresponding file rewriting to be rewritten by the application of the NFC reader/writer. Data, the files of the data area of the non-volatile memory unit are directly overwritten in order, and the new index information is written to the data header.
  • the NFC reader application can also set the file name or file type to be rewritten, or the start address, data length or end address information of the file to be rewritten.
  • a write type for rewriting of at least one file is sent to the NFC tag.
  • the NFC reader needs to directly write the new data from the data area first address overlay file of the non-volatile storage unit of the NFC tag, or does not obtain the information of the directory area or the data header of the NFC tag. It is to send new data directly to the NFC tag, or new data and new index information.
  • non-volatile memory cell of an NFC tag uses a memory device such as FLASH that can be erased and then written by page, it is still necessary to erase the entire page when rewriting certain bits, that is, It affects the data of other storage addresses. Even if the rewriting of some address data is required, the data of other addresses needs to be rewritten. Therefore, even if only part of the data is rewritten, the file data rewriting described in this embodiment is required. The method rewrites the data.
  • the NFC reader can directly specify the file name, file type or file address to be rewritten, and new index information, so that it can be read in NFC.
  • the writer directly controls the rewriting operation of the NFC tag, providing a more flexible NFC tag file data writing mechanism.
  • the NFC tag provided by the present invention should not be limited to a portable NFC card, and the NFC tag may also be attached or
  • the integrated way to form NFC storage parts on fixed equipment or large equipment, such as NFC storage parts attached to the exhibition stand, attached to the refrigerator or self-service vending machine, can be pasted to the NFC poster of the wall, the same,
  • the NFC tag can also be packaged in other shapes or configurations, such as an NFC identification tag that is machined into the collar, attached to the NFC verification component in the wine, as long as the larger amount of data provided by the present invention is applied in the NFC storage component.
  • the methods of storage, reading and writing are all within the scope of the invention.
  • the electromagnetic field through the NFC communication in the NFC tag can capture the power required for the operation of the NFC tag
  • the NFC tag can be attached to the battery or other power supply device for powering the NFC tag.
  • the work of the data management system does not affect the implementation of the technical idea of the present invention.
  • the data management system is set in the NFC tag by using the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the NDEF record of the NDEF record or the execution of the larger amount of data is encapsulated by the data management system, and the NDEF records are parsed. Or directly write to the non-volatile storage unit to achieve storage and transmission of a larger amount of data, and set the data header in the non-volatile storage unit, and perform targeted or partial information through the index information of each file in the data header.
  • the file data is read or rewritten, rewritten, and the NFC tag is read and written by the NFC reader-side application to realize more flexible reading and writing of data in the NFC tag.

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Abstract

一种NFC标签（2），其中设置数据管理系统（23），通过数据管理系统（23）读取多个NDEF记录或执行较大量数据的NDEF记录的封装，以及将多个NDEF记录解析或直接写入非易失性存储单元（22），实现较大量数据的存储和传输，并且，在非易失性存储单元（22）中设置数据头，通过数据头中各个文件的索引信息执行有针对性的或部分文件数据的读取或改写、重写，实现更灵活的NFC标签内数据的读取与写入操作。

Description

NFC标签
本申请要求享有于2016年04月01日提交的名称为“NFC标签、NFC读写器和NFC标签的数据读写方法”的中国专利申请CN201610206809.9的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明属于无线通信领域，涉及工作于标签和读写器模式的一种NFC标签、NFC读写器和NFC标签的数据读写方法。
背景技术
近场通信(Near Field Communication，简称NFC)，是一种工作于13.56MHz(兆赫兹)的频率上、通信连接建立时间小于1秒且通信距离通常局限在10厘米以内的快捷短距离高频无线通信技术。目前基于NFC协议规范NFCIP-1(包括ISO/IEC 18092国际标准和ECMA-340标准)、ISO/IEC 14443国际标准、日本工业标准(JIS)X 6319-4等非接触智能卡标准定义的NFC设备可以工作于针对NFC标签的读写器模式、针对其它NFC设备之间的点对点模式、针对其它NFC读写器的卡模拟模式中，而且基于不同的NFC标准的NFC设备支持106kbps(千比特每秒)、212kbps和424kbps等不同的数据传输速率。NFC设备之间支持两种通信模式：通信发起设备和目标通信设备都通过自身供电且交替传输数据的主动模式(如点对点模式)；通信发起设备产生无线信号并通过电磁场为目标通信设备供电，目标通信设备通过对现有电磁场调制来回应通信发起设备的被动模式(如读写器模式和卡模拟模式)。通常在标签和读写器模式中，NFC读写器(如支持NFC通信的手机)靠近无源NFC标签并产生无线信号，NFC标签的天线从该无线信号的电磁场中捕获电能为存储器供电，并通过对该电磁场的调制来将存储器所存储的数据发送至NFC读写器。由于无源NFC标签仅需天线和相应的存储器件而无需额外电池的特点，制造简单、成本低廉且体积单薄携带方便，目前广泛应用于电子签卡、防伪识别和电子名片中，给人们的生活带来极大便利。
目前，NFC数据通信的协议由NFC论坛(NFC Forum)进行标准化，NFC论坛定义了NFC数据交换格式(NFC Data Exchange Format，简称NDEF)作为NFC设备与NFC标签之间以及NFC设备之间进行NFC通信的通用数据格式。NDEF以一个NDEF消息(NDEF Message)作为一次NFC通信的数据交换结构，一个NDEF消息可以包含至少一个NDEF记录(NDEF Record)，每一个NDEF记录承载有用于通信的数据作为的有效载荷(NDEF Payload)。NFC设备之间通信时，目标通信设备内部的NFC发生器(NFC generator)将需要通信的数据作为有效载荷封装入一个或多个NDEF记录中，并将该一个或多个NDEF记录作为一个NDEF消息发送至通信发起设备，通信发起设备内部的NFC解析器(NFC parser)将所接收的NDEF消息解析出有效载荷并传送给NDEF应用(NDEF Application)进行处理。
现有的NFC标签中，NFC标签的存储器内以单个NDEF记录的形式存储一个NDEF消息，NFC设备作为通信发起设备读取NFC标签时，NFC标签直接将该单个NDEF记录作为一个NDEF消息发送至NFC设备，NFC设备内部的NFC解析器将该单个NDEF记录解析出有效载荷并传送给NDEF应用进行处理。
由于现有的NFC标签中只存储单个NDEF记录，即便该单个NDEF记录中可以包含多个NDEF子记录作为有效载荷进行封装。但是，由于NFC通信速度的限制，且目标通信设备和通信发起设备之间通过数据帧传输，单个NDEF记录数据量过大会造成NFC通信中的丢帧传输使通信错误率太高而传输失败，目前NFC标签所能够存储的单个NDEF记录数据量通常限制在8KB(千字节)以内。从而，目前的NFC标签是无法存储并传输数十KB甚至几MB(兆字节)的较大量的数据的。
而且，涉及多个文件的组合数据存储与传输中，通常将该多个文件分别作为有效载荷封装入多个NDEF子记录中，再将该多个NDEF子记录封装入单个NDEF记录存储至NFC标签中。读取文件时，需要将NFC标签中的NDEF记录全部读出并由NFC解析器解析后才能获得目标文件，无法有选择性地或仅部分地读取其中的文件，写入文件时，需要将全部文件封装成单个NDEF记录写入至NFC标签，无法有针对性地或仅部分地改写其中的文件，不具备文件读写的灵活性。
从而，一种能够存储并传输较大量数据的NFC标签以及一种有选择性地读写部分数据的NFC标签读写方法是需要的。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的NFC标签无法存储并传输较大量的数据且数据读写不灵活的问题，本发明提供了一种新的NFC标签、NFC读写器和NFC标签的数据读写方法。
一种NFC标签，包括：
NFC天线，通过解调或调制电磁场进行承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录的收发通信；
非易失性存储单元，存储较大数据量的数据；
数据管理系统，包括数据读出单元、NDEF消息封装单元和NDEF消息发送单元，数据读出单元用于将非易失性存储单元所存储的较大数据量的数据读出，NDEF消息封装单元用于将该较大数据量的数据封装成多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录，NDEF消息发送单元用于将该多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录通过NFC天线调制电磁场发送。
基于本发明的实施例，上述较大数据量的数据为至少一个NDEF记录。
一种NFC标签，包括：
NFC天线，通过解调或调制电磁场进行承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录的收发通信；
非易失性存储单元，存储较大数据量的数据；
数据管理系统，包括数据读写单元、NDEF消息封装单元、NDEF消息解析单元和NDEF消息收发单元，数据读写单元用于将非易失性存储单元所存储的较大数据量的数据读出，NDEF消息封装单元用于将该较大数据量的数据封装成多个承载较小数据量的数据的 NDEF记录，NDEF消息收发单元用于将该多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录通过NFC天线调制电磁场发送，以及，NDEF消息收发单元用于将NFC天线接收的多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录发送至NDEF消息解析单元，NDEF消息解析单元用于将该多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录解析并提取出有效载荷中的较大数据量的数据，将该较大数据量的数据传送给数据读写单元，数据读写单元用于将该较大数据量的数据写入至非易失性存储单元。
基于本发明的实施例，上述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录包含至少一个NDEF子记录，NDEF消息解析单元将该至少一个NDEF子记录传送给数据读写单元。
基于本发明的实施例，上述NFC标签的NFC天线还用于从电磁场捕获电能。
与现有技术相比，本发明所提供的NFC标签，在NFC标签内设置数据管理系统，通过数据管理系统读取多个NDEF记录或执行较大量数据的NDEF记录的封装，以及将多个NDEF记录解析或直接写入非易失性存储单元，实现较大量数据的存储和传输，并且，在非易失性存储单元中设置数据头，通过数据头中各个文件的索引信息执行有针对性的或部分文件数据的读取或改写、重写，实现更灵活的NFC标签内数据的读取与写入操作。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本实用新型的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例共同用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1为本发明所提供的NFC标签的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例三所提供的NFC标签的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例四所提供的NFC标签的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构图。
具体实施方式
下面，结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细描述。本领域普通技术人员应理解，为了简化描述过程以及使技术方案清楚呈现，以下仅以最优的实现方式来加以说明，只要不构成冲突，本发明中的各个实施例以及各实施例中的各个特征可以相互结合，所形成的技术方案均应当在本发明的保护范围之内。
图1为本发明所提供的NFC标签的结构示意图。如图1所示，NFC标签2包括：用于从电磁场捕获电能并通过解调或调制电磁场进行收发通信的NFC天线21，存储有可作为有效载荷的数据的非易失性存储单元22，以及，NFC标签2还包括数据管理系统23，用于对非易失性存储单元22所存储的数据进行管理、读出或存储，将非易失性存储单元22所存储的数据封装成适合NFC天线21发送的NDEF消息格式或将NFC天线21所接收的NDEF消息解析成适合非易失性存储单元22存储的数据格式。
具体的，NFC天线21可以是环绕成圆形或椭圆形或者其它任意形状的线圈。非易失性存储单元22可以采用EEPROM、EPROM、FLASH、铁电存储器或相变存储器等非易失性存储器件来实现，也可以采用一个或多个寄存器、暂存器以及RAM等易失性存储器和以上至少一种非易失性存储器的组合来实现。数据管理系统23可以是单独设置的单片机控制器，也可以是与非易失性存储单元23集成于一体的多个控制电路组合，比如采用设计于晶圆上的SOC系统。
针对不同的存储类型，本发明所提供的数据管理系统23可以有多种实现方式，下面结合附图2-3对本发明所提供的NFC标签2的实现结构做详细说明。
实施例一
图2为本发明实施例一所提供的NFC标签的结构示意图。本实施例所提供的NFC标签2的非易失性存储单元22以未封装成NDEF记录的原数据的形式存储着较大量的数据(如大于1MB的文件，其数据量超过了能够被NFC天线稳定发送至NFC读写器的单个NDEF记录的有效载荷可携带数据的数据量)。如图2所示，NFC标签2的数据管理系统23包括NDEF消息发送单元231a、数据读出单元232c和NDEF消息封装单元233，数据读出单元232c用于将非易失性存储单元22所存储的数据读出，NDEF消息封装单元233用于将数据读出单元232c所读出的较大量的数据封装成多个NDEF记录，将该较大量数据的一部分作为有效载荷封装入每一个NDEF记录中，且每一个NDEF记录承载较小量的数据(如小于8KB的NDEF记录)以能够被NFC天线21稳定发送至NFC读写器中，NDEF消息发送单元231a用于将该有序的多个NDEF记录作为至少一个NDEF消息通过NFC天线21调制电磁场发送出去。
可选的，NDEF消息发送单元231a和NDEF消息封装单元233也可以合并设置为单独一个控制消息封装并发送的NDEF消息封装发送单元，或是采用相重叠的多个控制电路组合。
可选的，可依据NFC读写器所支持的NFC标准的类型以及所支持的通信速率灵活的设置所封装成的多个NDEF记录所承载的有效载荷的数据量，例如，针对较低的通信速率可以将数据封装成承载更小数据量的数量更多的NDEF记录，以提高NFC通信的稳定性。
可选的，NDEF消息发送单元231a按照NDEF消息封装单元233将该较大数据量的数据所封装成多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录的顺序将该多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录通过NFC天线调制电磁场发送出去。
进一步的，NDEF消息发送单元231a在发送首个承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录之前先发送一个携带有起始标记的NDEF记录以表示多个NDEF记录发送的开始，并在发送完本次读取的最后一个承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录之后再发送一个携带有结束标记的NDEF记录以表示本次多个NDEF记录发送的完成；或者，由NDEF消息发送单元231a在发送首个承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录时在该NDEF记录上进行起始标记，并在发送本次读取的最后一个承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录时在该NDEF记录上进行结束标记。需要说明的是，非易失性存储单元22可以存储单个数据，例如单个文件，也可以存储同一类型的多个不同数据，例如多个文档，还可以存储不同类型的多个不同数据，例如文档和图片，其均可以当做单个数据执行封装并发送出去，可选的，也可以针对多个不同 数据，分别将每个数据封装成多个NDEF记录并在发送完一个数据所封装成的多个NDEF记录后再发送下一个数据的多个NDEF记录，其中，每个数据执行封装成NDEF记录的顺序不做限定。
需要说明的是，非易失性存储单元22所存储的数据也可以是一个或多个NDEF消息中的至少一个NDEF记录，其仍然可以利用本实施例所提供的NDEF消息封装单元233将该至少一个NDEF记录作为有效载荷的数据重新封装成合适数据量的新的NDEF记录。例如，当非易失性存储单元22所存储NDEF记录数据量较大难以发送时，可以将该NDEF记录重新封装成多个较小数据量的新的NDEF记录，并将该多个新的NDEF记录发送出去，可行的，也可以将多个较小的NDEF记录作为子记录重新封装成一个较大数据量的新的NDEF记录并发送出去。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC标签，数据管理系统可以直接将非易失性存储单元所存储的数据封装成多个NDEF记录并发送出去，使得NFC标签不仅能够存储并发送较大量的数据，而且可以依据NFC通信灵活的执行NDEF记录的封装。
实施例二
图3为本发明实施例二所提供的NFC标签的结构示意图。与实施例一所提供的NFC标签相类似的，本实施例所提供的NFC标签2的非易失性存储单元22同样以未封装成NDEF记录的原数据的形式存储着较大量的数据。如图3所示，本实施例所提供的数据管理系统23的NDEF消息收发单元231b和数据读写单元232d，相比于实施例一所提供的NDEF消息发送单元231a和数据读出单元232c，不仅具有数据读出和NDEF消息发送的功能设置，还具有NDEF消息接收和数据写入的功能设置。由于数据读写单元232d、NDEF消息封装单元233和NDEF消息收发单元231b将非易失性存储单元22所存储的数据读出、封装成NDEF记录并发送出去的原理和实施例一的相同，在此不再赘述。
本实施例所提供的数据管理系统23包括NDEF消息收发单元231b、数据读写单元232d、NDEF消息封装单元233和NDEF消息解析单元234，其中，NDEF消息解析单元234用于解析NDEF记录并提取出其有效载荷中的数据。
当NFC读写器向NFC标签2写入数据时，NFC标签2的NFC天线21解调电磁场得到所接收的NDEF消息，NDEF消息收发单元231b将该包含多个特定顺序的NDEF记录的NDEF消息发送至NDEF消息解析单元234，NDEF消息解析单元234将该多个NDEF记录解析并提取出有效载荷中的数据，将该较大量的数据传送给数据读写单元232d，数据读写单元232d将该较大量的数据写入至非易失性存储单元22中。
进一步的，NDEF消息收发单元231b接收到一个NFC读写器发送的携带有起始标记的NDEF记录时表示多个NDEF记录发送的开始，紧接着开始接收首个承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录，并在接收到一个携带有结束标记的NDEF记录时表示本次多个NDEF记录发送的完成；或者，在发送给NDEF消息收发单元231b的首个承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录上进行起始标记，并在本次发送的最后一个承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录上进行结束标记，由NDEF消息收发单元231b完成消息接收的判断。
需要说明的是，数据读写单元232d将该较大量的数据写入至非易失性存储单元22时，可以按照所接收的NDEF记录的先后顺序从非易失性存储单元22的首地址开始向后 逐个写入存储该较大量的数据，也可以按照非易失性存储单元22所存储的既定顺序不分前后存储地址的该较大量的数据。
可选的，NDEF消息收发单元231b也可以设置为每接收到一个NDEF记录就将该NDEF记录发送至NDEF消息解析单元234，由NDEF消息解析单元234将该NDEF记录解析并提取出有效载荷中的数据，由数据读写单元232d写入至非易失性存储单元22中。
需要说明的是，本实施例所提供的NDEF消息解析单元234用于解析NDEF记录以便后续更加灵活的将所解析的数据重新封装成所需要的新的NDEF记录以发送出去。当NFC天线21所接收的NDEF记录包含NDEF子记录时，NDEF消息解析单元234可以在解析NDEF记录后继续解析NDEF子记录直至提取出所有NDEF记录形式的有效载荷中的数据，也可以仅解析NDEF记录并将NDEF子记录作为数据传送至数据读写单元232d。
可选的，数据读写单元232d也可以分开设置为单独一个用于控制数据读出的数据读出单元(如图2的232c)和单独一个用于控制数据写入的数据写入单元，同样的，NDEF消息收发单元231b也可以分开设置为单独一个用于控制NDEF消息发送的NDEF消息发送单元(如图2的231a)和单独一个用于控制NDEF消息接收的NDEF消息接收单元。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC标签，数据管理系统可以将封装有较大量数据的多个NDEF记录解析后直接将数据存储至非易失性存储单元，从而能够在发送数据时灵活的将该较大量的数据封装成多个NDEF记录并发送出去。
基于实施例一或实施例二的NFC标签实现结构，当非易失性存储单元存储着多个文件组成的数据时，为了更灵活地有针对性地或仅部分地执行文件读写，本发明提供了一种NFC标签的非易失性存储单元的数据存储结构。
实施例三
一种NFC标签，包括：
NFC天线，通过解调或调制电磁场进行承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录的收发通信；
非易失性存储单元，存储较大数据量的数据，所述较大数据量的数据包括多个文件；
数据管理系统，包括数据读出单元、NDEF消息封装单元和NDEF消息发送单元，
所述数据读出单元用于将所述非易失性存储单元所存储的所述较大数据量的数据读出，
所述NDEF消息封装单元用于将所述较大数据量的数据封装成多个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录，
所述NDEF消息发送单元用于将所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录通过所述NFC天线调制电磁场发送，
其中，所述非易失性存储单元包括：
数据区，按顺序存储着所述较大数据量的数据的多个文件；
数据头，描述了所述数据区的每个所述文件的起始地址；
目录区，描述了所述数据头的总数据长度以及所述数据区的总数据长度。
可选的，在所述非易失性存储单元的存储地址中，所述数据头存储在所述数据区之前，所述目录区存储在所述数据头之前。
可选的，所述目录区的所述数据头的总数据长度信息设置于所述数据头的起始位置，
可选的，所述目录区的所述数据区的总数据长度信息设置于所述数据区的起始位置。
可选的，所述数据头还描述了所述数据区的每个所述文件的数据长度。
可选的，所述数据头还描述了所述数据区的每个所述文件的结束地址。
可选的，所述数据头还描述了所述文件的文件名、文件类型或识别码、顺序码以上至少一种信息，
所述识别码用于标记所述文件的类型，
所述顺序码用于标记所述文件的读取顺序。
可选的，所述目录区还描述了所述数据区的所述文件的个数、文件的生成日期、文件的改写日期，所述NFC标签的名称、类型、功能、生产日期以及相应的识别码或校验码以上至少一种信息。
可选的，所述NFC标签的类型用于确定所述NFC标签的所述文件的应用策略。
可选的，所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录为能够被NFC天线稳定发送出去的NDEF记录。
可选的，所述较大数据量的数据的数据量超过了能够被NFC天线稳定发送出去的单个NDEF记录的有效载荷可携带数据的数据量。
具体的，
图4为本发明实施例三所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构示意图。非易失性存储单元22中可以设置有用于存储数据管理系统运行所需的运行程序、指令的固件区和用于存储包括多个文件的数据以及与这些数据相关的用于数据管理的索引目录的存储区。如图4所示，非易失性存储单元22包括：固件区221，用于存储数据管理系统运行所需的运行程序、指令等固件，以及其他本NFC标签运行所需的存储固件；目录区222，设置于数据头223和数据区224之前，描述了数据头223的总长度信息、数据区224的总长度信息、数据区224的文件个数等至少一种信息，用于分别索引并识别数据头223和数据区224，目录区还可以包括本NFC标签的名称、类型、功能、生产日期、文件生成日期、文件改写日期以及相应的识别码或校验码等信息，NFC标签的类型可以用标识码来标记，用于确定NFC标签的数据的应用策略，NFC标签的名称可以设置为更改或不可更改，用于通过NFC标签的类型和NFC标签的名称来识别并区别NFC标签；数据头223，按照各文件的存储顺序分别描述了各文件的首地址信息和长度信息，用于通过每个文件的起始地址和数据的长度分别对单个文件进行查找以及读写，可选的，数据头223也可以分别描述各文件的首地址信息和尾地址信息，通过每个文件的起始地址和结束地址来索引单个文件，其中，数据头223也可以追加描述各文件的文件名、文件类型或各文件的识别码、顺序码；数据区224，依照数据头223所描述的各文件的首地址信息和数据长度信息，或者，首地址信息和尾地址信息，存储各文件数据。
目录区和数据头的信息作为索引信息用于对数据区的文件进行索引。可选的，数据头223的总长度信息和数据区224的总长度信息，也可以分别在各自区的起始位置单独进行描述，例如，在目录区的前2字节描述了目录区的总长度，在数据头的前2字节描述了数据头的总长度；而且，目录区222也可以和数据头223也可以合并为单独的一个信息区， 用于描述本NFC标签的信息，以及数据区的文件个数、文件名和每个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址。
当NFC标签的NFC天线从电磁场中捕获电能，数据管理系统和非易失性存储单元获得运行所需的电能，数据管理系统从非易失性存储单元的固件区加载运行程序开始执行数据的读出或写入等管理任务，其中，数据管理系统优先读出非易失性存储单元的目录区和数据头中的信息，可以将这些信息发送出去或由数据管理系统自行索引，用于识别NFC标签的信息，以及索引每个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址。当接收到对其中至少一个文件的读写请求时，数据管理系统依据文件所对应的起始地址和数据长度，对该文件执行数据的读出或改写，或者，当接收到对某一起始地址和数据长度的数据的读写请求时，数据管理系统指向该起始地址并对规定的数据长度的数据执行数据的读出或改写。
需要说明的是，本实施例优选地将目录区和数据头存储在数据区前，可选的，也可以将目录区或数据头存储在其它地址或以其它特定的顺序存储，只要优先读取本目录区和数据头的索引信息并以此来索引数据区中各文件即属于本发明之目的。
需要说明的是，不加以限定的，本实施例所描述的文件也可以是以NDEF记录的形式存储的数据，同样的，本实施例所描述的每个文件可以是单独类型的单个文件也可以是多个文件的集合体，如文件的压缩包等，还可以是单个文件的一部分，如多个压缩包中的一个。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构，数据管理系统可以依据数据头描述的各文件的起始地址、长度信息或起始地址、结束地址单独索引每一个文件，并有针对性地或仅部分地执行文件读写，为NFC标签的多文件数据提供了更灵活的读写方式。
基于实施例三所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构，针对NFC标签的多文件数据读写可以有以下实现方法。
实施例四
基于实施例一所提供的NFC标签的实现结构和实施例三所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构，NFC标签的多文件数据读取方法可以包括以下流程：
准备步骤：NFC天线从电磁场中捕获电能，数据管理系统和非易失性存储单元获得启动运行所需的电能，数据管理系统从非易失性存储单元的固件区加载运行程序开始运行；
步骤301：数据管理系统加载非易失性存储单元的目录区和数据头，获取NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址；
步骤302：数据管理系统依据NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码中的至少一种信息确定数据区所存储的多个文件的文件读取顺序；
步骤303：数据管理系统依据文件读取顺序索引各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址，按顺序将各文件从非易失性存储单元的数据区读出；
步骤304：数据管理系统将读出的各文件封装为承载较小数据量的多个NDEF记录，并由NFC天线调制电磁场发送出去。
可选的，数据管理系统依据NFC标签的类型(如类型标识码)来确定NFC标签的数据应用策略，进而确定各个文件的读取优先级，从而确定多个文件的文件读取顺序；可选的，数据管理系统还可以直接依据各文件的文件顺序码来确定各文件的文件读取顺序；可选的，在无法明确的确定文件的读取优先级或文件读取顺序时，数据管理系统也可以直接将无法确定顺序的多个文件按照所存储的顺序读出。
可选的，数据管理系统按顺序读出各文件后按照文件读出的顺序执行NDEF记录的封装，可替代实现的，数据管理系统也可以先按照各文件的存储顺序将各文件读出，再依据NFC标签的类型或各文件的文件顺序码来确定各文件的顺序，进而按照所确定的各文件的顺序执行NDEF记录的封装。
可选的，数据管理系统可以设置为先读取出一个文件后，对该文件封装完成，再读取下一个文件。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC标签的数据读取方法，数据管理系统可直接依据NFC标签的类型或所规定的各文件的顺序码来确定各文件的读取顺序，进而按顺序执行各文件数据的读出以及NDEF消息的封装。
实施例五
基于实施例二所提供的NFC标签的实现结构和实施例三所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构，NFC标签的多文件数据写入方法可以包括以下流程：
准备步骤：NFC天线从电磁场中捕获电能，数据管理系统和非易失性存储单元获得启动运行所需的电能，数据管理系统从非易失性存储单元的固件区加载运行程序开始运行；
步骤401：数据管理系统加载非易失性存储单元的目录区和数据头，获取NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址；
步骤402：NFC天线解调电磁场得到所接收的NDEF消息；
步骤403：数据管理系统解析NDEF消息并提取有效载荷中的数据，依据数据所包括的至少一个文件和写入类型，确认写入类型为至少一个文件的单独改写还是至少一个文件重新写入；
步骤404：如果写入类型为至少一个文件的单独改写，数据管理系统依据文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址执行该至少一个文件的改写，并保留文件的起始地址等索引信息；
步骤405：如果写入类型为至少一个文件重新写入，数据管理系统依据文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址执行该至少一个文件的重新写入，并重新生成新的文件名、文件类型、文件识别码、文件顺序码以及文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等索引信息，将该新的索引信息写入至数据头。
可选的，当文件的写入涉及文件的文件名、文件类型、文件识别码、文件顺序码以及文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址至少一种索引信息的改变时，数据管理系统将该写入类型确定为文件的重新写入，当不涉及以上至少一种索引信息的改变时，数据管理系统将该写入类型确定为文件的改写。
需要说明的是，数据管理系统所提取出的数据也可以仅包括至少一个文件，依据文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码中的至少一种信息确认写入类型，并执行相应的改写或重新写入。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC标签的数据写入方法，数据管理系统可直接执行文件的改写或重新写入并依据写入类型保留或生成新的索引信息，为后续的文件读取或写入做好准备。
实施例六
当本发明所提供的NFC标签与NFC读写器工作于标签和读写器模式中通信时，为了更好的执行本发明所提供的NFC标签的数据读取或写入，本实施例提供了一种NFC读写器，该NFC读写器中设置有用于NFC通信的NFC天线和用于解析NDEF消息中NDEF记录的NFC解析器、用于将数据或指令封装成NDEF记录的NFC发生器，其中，该NFC读写器中还安装有至少一个能够对NFC标签的数据进行处理的应用程序(Application，简称APP)，该NDEF应用(即该应用程序)用于经由NFC通信获取NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址中的至少一种索引信息，并依据该至少一种索引信息指定该NFC标签中的多个文件的读取顺序，以及执行相应的读出文件的处理操作，或者，依据该至少一种索引信息指定该NFC标签的写入类型，以及执行相应的写入文件的发送处理。
可选的，NFC读写器的至少一个应用程序通过获取NFC标签的类型，并依据该NFC标签的类型直接指定NFC标签中多个文件的文件读取顺序，例如，针对不同类型的NFC标签分别设定不同的文件优先读取顺序规则，或者，可选的，NFC读写器的至少一个应用程序具有用户可视化和用户交互的操作界面，可通过用户的优先读取指令来指定NFC标签中多个文件的文件读取顺序，例如，该NFC读写器可以是一部支持NFC通信的手机，该应用程序可以是手机中的一款应用APP，该应用APP通过获取NFC标签中的文件名或文件类型并在可视化操作界面中显示给用户，由用户点击或选定相应的优先读取的文件，同时，在不需要读取所有文件时也可以由用户选择需要读取的文件个数。
可选的，该NFC读写器的至少一个应用程序可以通过获取NFC标签的名称、类型，依据NFC标签的类型直接指定文件读取顺序，或，可以通过获取NFC标签的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码，依据文件名或文件类型指定各文件的读取顺序，并由NFC标签的数据管理系统依据各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息执行相应顺序的文件的读取，或者，也可以通过获取NFC标签的名称、类型或多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码以确定各文件的读取顺序，并依据各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息直接指定NFC标签的数据管理系统依据各起始地址以及相应的数据长度或结束地址来读取文件数据。
可选的，该NFC读写器的至少一个应用程序可以通过发送写入文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码以及相应的写入文件数据，由NFC标签的数据管理系统依据文件名或文件类型执行文件的改写，或，可以通过直接发送写入文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息以及相应的写入文件数据并指定NFC标签的数据管理系统依据起始地址来执 行文件的改写，或者，可以通过直接发送写入文件数据，而由NFC标签的数据管理系统直接执行从数据区首地址的文件重写。
基于实施例六所提供的NFC读写器，针对NFC读写器和NFC标签的多文件数据读写可以有以下几种实现方法。
实施例七
基于实施例一所提供的NFC标签的实现结构和实施例三所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构，以及实施例六所提供的NFC读写器，NFC标签中存储着包含多个文件的数据，并在数据区前设置有相应的目录区和数据头，NFC读写器获取目录区和数据头并指定NFC标签所要读取的文件的多文件数据读取方法可以包括以下流程：
准备步骤：NFC读写器与NFC标签靠近并建立NFC通信，NFC标签的NFC天线从NFC读写器所发射的电磁场中捕获电能，NFC标签的数据管理系统和非易失性存储单元获得启动运行所需的电能，数据管理系统从非易失性存储单元的固件区加载运行程序开始运行；
步骤501：NFC标签的数据管理系统加载非易失性存储单元的目录区和数据头，获取NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址；
步骤502：NFC标签的数据管理系统将NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码至少一部分信息封装为承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF信息记录，并由NFC标签的NFC天线调制电磁场发送至NFC读写器；
步骤503：NFC读写器的NFC天线获取该至少一个NDEF信息记录，经由NFC解析器解析后并将该NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息传送给NFC读写器的应用程序；
步骤504：该NFC读写器的应用程序依据NFC标签的类型或依据用户对要读取的文件的顺序选定确定要读取的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的读取顺序，NFC读写器的NFC发生器将该要读取的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的读取顺序指令封装成承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF指令记录，并由NFC读写器的NFC天线通过电磁场发送至NFC标签；
步骤505：NFC标签的NFC天线解调电磁场获取该至少一个NDEF指令记录并传送给NFC标签的数据管理系统；
步骤506：NFC标签的数据管理系统解析并获取NFC读写器的应用程序所要读取的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的读取顺序，并依据各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息，按顺序将各文件从非易失性存储单元的数据区读出；
步骤507：NFC标签的数据管理系统将读出的各文件封装为承载较小数据量的多个NDEF数据记录，并由NFC标签的NFC天线调制电磁场发送至NFC读写器；
步骤508：NFC读写器的NFC天线获取该至少一个NDEF数据记录，经由NFC解析器解析后并将这些文件传送给NFC读写器的应用程序；
步骤509：NFC读写器的应用程序对所读取的文件执行处理。
可选的，步骤502～506也可以以如下步骤执行：
步骤502’：NFC标签的数据管理系统将NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等至少一部分信息封装为承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF信息记录，并由NFC标签的NFC天线调制电磁场发送至NFC读写器；
步骤503’：NFC读写器的NFC天线获取该至少一个NDEF信息记录，经由NFC解析器解析后并将该NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等至少一部分信息传送给NFC读写器的应用程序；
步骤504’：该NFC读写器的应用程序依据NFC标签的类型或依据用户对要读取的文件的顺序选定确定要读取的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的读取顺序，并依据要读取的各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息描述文件读取指令，NFC读写器的NFC发生器将要读取的各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息以及多个文件的读取顺序指令封装成承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF指令记录，并由NFC读写器的NFC天线通过电磁场发送至NFC标签；
步骤505’：NFC标签的NFC天线解调电磁场获取该至少一个NDEF指令记录并传送给NFC标签的数据管理系统；
步骤506’：NFC标签的数据管理系统解析并获取NFC读写器的应用程序所要读取的文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息以及读取顺序，直接按顺序将各文件从非易失性存储单元的数据区读出。
可选的，当用户指定或选定多个文件及其相应的读取顺序时，NFC读写器的应用程序也可以不将该多个文件的读取顺序发送至NFC标签，而是只发送读取顺序最前的文件的读取请求(文件名或文件起始地址和长度信息)，并在该文件读取完成后再发送读取顺序中下一个文件的读取请求(文件名或文件起始地址和长度信息)，如此直至读取完所有要读取的文件，结束NFC通信。
可选的，当不需要读取整个文件时，NFC读写器的应用程序可以通过文件的起始地址定位从文件的开头读取，并通过要读取的长度信息定位所要读取的文件长度，或者，当已经读取完单个文件的一部分时，NFC读写器的应用程序可以通过定位需要读取的起始地址(整个文件的中间位置)，并通过要读取的长度信息控制所要读取的数据量。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC读写器和NFC标签的数据读取方法，NFC读写器通过目录区和数据头获取NFC标签的多个文件的索引，进而直接指定要读取的文件名、文件类型或文件地址，由NFC标签的数据管理系统去索引或直接读取相应的文件数据并封装成NDEF记录发送至NFC读写器，从而可以在NFC读写器端直接控制所要读取的目标文件或文件的读取顺序，提供了更灵活的NFC标签文件数据读取机制。
实施例八
基于实施例二所提供的NFC标签的实现结构和实施例三所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构，以及实施例六所提供的NFC读写器，NFC标签中存储着包含多个文件的数据， 并在数据区前设置有相应的目录区和数据头，NFC读写器获取目录区和数据头并指定NFC标签所要改写的文件的多文件数据改写方法可以包括以下流程：
准备步骤：NFC读写器与NFC标签靠近并建立NFC通信，NFC标签的NFC天线从NFC读写器所发射的电磁场中捕获电能，NFC标签的数据管理系统和非易失性存储单元获得启动运行所需的电能，数据管理系统从非易失性存储单元的固件区加载运行程序开始运行；
步骤601：NFC标签的数据管理系统加载非易失性存储单元的目录区和数据头，获取NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址；
步骤602：NFC标签的数据管理系统将NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码至少一部分信息封装为承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF信息记录，并由NFC标签的NFC天线调制电磁场发送至NFC读写器；
步骤603：NFC读写器的NFC天线获取该至少一个NDEF信息记录，经由NFC解析器解析后并将该NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息传送给NFC读写器的应用程序；
步骤604：该NFC读写器的应用程序依据NFC标签的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码直接指定或依据用户对要改写的文件的选定确定要改写的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的改写顺序，NFC读写器的NFC发生器将该要改写的文件的文件名或文件类型、多个文件的改写顺序以及相应的文件改写数据封装成承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF指令记录，并由NFC读写器的NFC天线通过电磁场发送至NFC标签；
步骤605：NFC标签的NFC天线解调电磁场获取该至少一个NDEF指令记录并传送给NFC标签的数据管理系统；
步骤606：NFC标签的数据管理系统解析并获取NFC读写器的应用程序所要改写的文件的文件名或文件类型、多个文件的改写顺序以及相应的文件改写数据，并依据各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息，按顺序将非易失性存储单元的数据区的文件改写。
可选的，步骤602～606也可以以如下步骤执行：
步骤602’：NFC标签的数据管理系统将NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等至少一部分信息封装为承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF信息记录，并由NFC标签的NFC天线调制电磁场发送至NFC读写器；
步骤603’：NFC读写器的NFC天线获取该至少一个NDEF信息记录，经由NFC解析器解析后并将该NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等至少一部分信息传送给NFC读写器的应用程序；
步骤604’：该NFC读写器的应用程序依据NFC标签的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码直接指定或依据用户对要改写的文件的选定确定要改写的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的改写顺序，并依据要改写的各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息描述文件改写指令，NFC读写器的NFC发生器将要改写的各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息、多个文件的改写顺序以及相应的文件改写数据封装成承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF指令记录，并由NFC读写器的NFC天线通过电磁场发送至NFC标签；
步骤605’：NFC标签的NFC天线解调电磁场获取该至少一个NDEF指令记录，并传送给NFC标签的数据管理系统；
步骤606’：NFC标签的数据管理系统解析并获取NFC读写器的应用程序所要改写的文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息、改写顺序以及相应的文件改写数据，直接按顺序将非易失性存储单元的数据区的文件改写。
可选的，当用户指定或选定多个文件及其相应的改写顺序时，NFC读写器的应用程序也可以不将该多个文件的改写顺序发送至NFC标签，而是只发送改写顺序最前的文件的改写请求(文件名或文件起始地址和长度信息)，并在该文件改写完成后再发送改写顺序中下一个文件的改写请求(文件名或文件起始地址和长度信息)，如此直至改写完所有要改写的文件，结束NFC通信。
可选的，当不需要改写整个文件时，NFC读写器的应用程序可以通过文件的起始地址定位从文件的开头改写，并通过要改写的长度信息定位所要改写的文件长度，或者，当需要从文件的中间位置改写时，NFC读写器的应用程序可以通过定位需要改写的起始地址(整个文件的中间位置)，并通过要改写的长度信息控制所要通信的数据量。
可选的，NFC读写器的应用程序在发送要改写的文件名或文件类型，或者，要改写的文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息时，也可以将相应的设定为至少一个文件的单独改写的写入类型发送至NFC标签。
通常情况下，当NFC标签的非易失性存储单元采用EEPROM等可以按位改写的存储器件时，仅改写某些位并不会对其它存储地址的数据造成影响，可以采用本实施例所述的文件数据改写方法改写其中的部分数据。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC读写器和NFC标签的数据改写方法，NFC读写器通过目录区和数据头获取NFC标签的多个文件的索引，进而直接指定要改写的文件名、文件类型或文件地址，从而可以在NFC读写器端直接控制所要改写的目标文件，提供了更灵活的NFC标签文件数据改写机制。
实施例九
基于实施例二所提供的NFC标签的实现结构和实施例三所提供的NFC标签的数据存储结构，以及实施例六所提供的NFC读写器，NFC标签中存储着包含多个文件的数据，并在数据区前设置有相应的目录区和数据头，NFC读写器获取目录区和数据头并指定NFC标签所要重写的文件的多文件数据重新写入方法可以包括不同的方式。
当仅有限个文件的重新覆盖写入且无需对目录区和数据头的索引信息进行更新时，可以采用与实施例八所提供的改写流程类似的流程执行；当需要对目录区和数据头的索引信息进行更新或重新生成时，可以包括以下流程：
准备步骤：NFC读写器与NFC标签靠近并建立NFC通信，NFC标签的NFC天线从NFC读写器所发射的电磁场中捕获电能，NFC标签的数据管理系统和非易失性存储单元获得启动运行所需的电能，数据管理系统从非易失性存储单元的固件区加载运行程序开始运行；
步骤701：NFC标签的数据管理系统加载非易失性存储单元的目录区和数据头，获取NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址；
步骤702：NFC标签的数据管理系统将NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码至少一部分信息封装为承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF信息记录，并由NFC标签的NFC天线调制电磁场发送至NFC读写器；
步骤703：NFC读写器的NFC天线获取该至少一个NDEF信息记录，经由NFC解析器解析后并将该NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息传送给NFC读写器的应用程序；
步骤704：该NFC读写器的应用程序依据NFC标签的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码直接指定或依据用户对要重写的文件的选定确定要重写的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的重写顺序，NFC读写器的NFC发生器将该要重写的文件的文件名或文件类型、多个文件的重写顺序以及相应的文件重写数据封装成承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF指令记录，并由NFC读写器的NFC天线通过电磁场发送至NFC标签；
步骤705：NFC标签的NFC天线解调电磁场获取该至少一个NDEF指令记录并传送给NFC标签的数据管理系统；
步骤706：NFC标签的数据管理系统解析并获取NFC读写器的应用程序所要重写的文件的文件名或文件类型、多个文件的重写顺序以及相应的文件重写数据，并依据各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息，按顺序将非易失性存储单元的数据区的文件重写，并重新生成新的文件名、文件类型、文件识别码、文件顺序码以及文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等索引信息，将该新的索引信息写入至数据头。
可选的，步骤702～706也可以以如下步骤执行：
步骤702’：NFC标签的数据管理系统将NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息，以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等至少一部分信息封装为承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF信息记录，并由NFC标签的NFC天线调制电磁场发送至NFC读写器；
步骤703’：NFC读写器的NFC天线获取该至少一个NDEF信息记录，经由NFC解析器解析后并将该NFC标签的名称、类型、数据区所存储的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码等至少一部分信息以及数据区所存储的多个文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等至少一部分信息传送给NFC读写器的应用程序；
步骤704’：该NFC读写器的应用程序依据NFC标签的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码直接指定或依据用户对要重写的文件的选定确定要重写的 文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的重写顺序，并依据要重写的各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息描述文件重写指令，NFC读写器的NFC发生器将要重写的各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息、多个文件的重写顺序以及相应的文件重写数据封装成承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF指令记录，并由NFC读写器的NFC天线通过电磁场发送至NFC标签；
步骤705’：NFC标签的NFC天线解调电磁场获取该至少一个NDEF指令记录并送给NFC标签的数据管理系统；
步骤706’：NFC标签的数据管理系统解析并获取NFC读写器的应用程序所要重写的文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息、重写顺序以及相应的文件重写数据，直接按顺序将非易失性存储单元的数据区的文件重写，并重新生成新的文件名、文件类型、文件识别码、文件顺序码以及文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等索引信息，将该新的索引信息写入至数据头。
可选的，步骤704’、706’也可以以如下步骤执行：
步骤704”：该NFC读写器的应用程序依据NFC标签的多个文件的文件名、文件类型或文件识别码、文件顺序码直接指定或依据用户对要重写的文件的选定确定要重写的文件的文件名或文件类型以及多个文件的重写顺序，并依据要重写的各文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息生成新的文件名、文件类型、文件识别码、文件顺序码以及文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址等索引信息，NFC读写器的NFC发生器将要重写的各文件的文件名或文件类型、起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息、多个文件的重写顺序、相应的文件重写数据以及相应的新的索引信息封装成承载较小数据量的至少一个NDEF指令记录，并由NFC读写器的NFC天线通过电磁场发送至NFC标签；
步骤706”：NFC标签的数据管理系统解析并获取NFC读写器的应用程序所要重写的文件名或文件类型、起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息、重写顺序以及相应的文件重写数据，直接按顺序将非易失性存储单元的数据区的文件重写，并将该新的索引信息写入至数据头。
可选的，NFC读写器的应用程序在发送要重写的文件名或文件类型，或者，要重写的文件的起始地址、数据长度或结束地址信息时，也可以将相应的设定为至少一个文件的重新写入的写入类型发送至NFC标签。
可选的，NFC读写器需要直接从NFC标签的非易失性存储单元的数据区首地址覆盖文件写入新的数据时，也可以不获取NFC标签的目录区或数据头的信息，而是直接向NFC标签发送新的数据，或者新的数据和新的索引信息。
通常情况下，当NFC标签的非易失性存储单元采用FLASH等可以按页先擦除再写入的存储器件时，仅改写某些位时仍然需要擦除整页的数据，也即，会对其它存储地址的数据造成影响，即便是对某些地址数据的改写也需要重新写入其它地址的数据，从而，即便是仅改写部分数据，也需要采用本实施例所述的文件数据重写方法重新写入数据。
基于本实施例所提供的NFC读写器和NFC标签的数据重写方法，NFC读写器可直接指定要重写的文件名、文件类型或文件地址以及新的索引信息，从而可以在NFC读写器端直接控制对NFC标签的重写操作，提供了更灵活的NFC标签文件数据写入机制。
需要说明的是，尽管本发明实施例采用NFC标签来以最优的方式表述本发明的技术思路，本发明所提供的NFC标签也不应当限于便携式的NFC卡片中，NFC标签也可以以附着或集成的方式形成与固定设备或大型设备上，如附着于参展台上的NFC存储部件，附着于电冰箱或自助售货机上的NFC读取部件，可粘贴至墙体的NFC海报，同样的，NFC标签也可以以其它的形状或结构来加以包装，如加工至衣领中的NFC鉴别标签，附着于酒品中的NFC验证部件，只要在NFC存储部件中应用本发明所提供的较大量数据存储、读取及写入方法，均应当属于本发明之范围。
需要说明的是，尽管通常NFC标签中通过NFC通信的电磁场就可以捕获NFC标签工作所需的电能，可选的，也可以给NFC标签附着电池或其它可供电的设备，用于供电给NFC标签的数据管理系统的工作，其同样不影响本发明技术思路的实现。
显然，采用本发明实施例所提供的技术方案，在NFC标签内设置数据管理系统，通过数据管理系统读取多个NDEF记录或执行较大量数据的NDEF记录的封装，以及将多个NDEF记录解析或直接写入非易失性存储单元，实现较大量数据的存储和传输，并且，在非易失性存储单元中设置数据头，通过数据头中各个文件的索引信息执行有针对性的或部分文件数据的读取或改写、重写，以及，通过NFC读写器端的应用程序对NFC标签读写，实现更灵活的NFC标签内数据的读取与写入操作。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种NFC标签，包括：
    NFC天线，通过解调或调制电磁场进行承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录的收发通信；
    非易失性存储单元，存储较大数据量的数据；
    数据管理系统，包括数据读出单元、NDEF消息封装单元和NDEF消息发送单元，
    所述数据读出单元用于将所述非易失性存储单元所存储的所述较大数据量的数据读出，
    所述NDEF消息封装单元用于将所述较大数据量的数据封装成多个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录，
    所述NDEF消息发送单元用于将所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录通过所述NFC天线调制电磁场发送。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述NDEF消息发送单元用于按照所述较大数据量的数据所封装成所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录的顺序将所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录通过所述NFC天线调制电磁场发送。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述NDEF消息发送单元在发送首个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录之前发送一个携带有起始标记的NDEF记录，所述携带有起始标记的NDEF记录用于表示所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录发送的开始，和/或
    所述NDEF消息发送单元在发送最后一个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录之后发送一个携带有结束标记的NDEF记录，所述携带有结束标记的NDEF记录用于表示所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录发送的完成。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述NDEF消息发送单元在要发送的首个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录上进行起始标记，所述起始标记用于表示所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录发送的开始，和/或
    所述NDEF消息发送单元在要发送的最后一个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录上进行结束标记，所述结束标记用于表示所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录发送的完成。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述非易失性存储单元存储的所述较大数据量的数据为多个，
    所述NDEF消息封装单元分别将每个所述数据封装成一组所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录，
    所述NDEF消息发送单元发送完一个所述数据封装成的一组所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录后再发送下一个所述数据封装成的一组所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述较大数据量的数据为至少一个NDEF记录。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录为能够被NFC天线稳定发送出去的NDEF记录。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录为数据量小于8KB的NDEF记录。
  9. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述较大数据量的数据的数据量超过了能够被NFC天线稳定发送出去的单个NDEF记录的有效载荷可携带数据的数据量。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述较大数据量的数据为数据量大于1MB的文件。
  11. 一种NFC标签，包括：
    NFC天线，通过解调或调制电磁场进行承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录的收发通信；
    非易失性存储单元，存储较大数据量的数据；
    数据管理系统，包括数据读写单元、NDEF消息封装单元、NDEF消息解析单元和NDEF消息收发单元，
    所述数据读写单元用于将所述非易失性存储单元所存储的所述较大数据量的数据读出，所述NDEF消息封装单元用于将所述较大数据量的数据封装成多个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录，所述NDEF消息收发单元用于将所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录通过所述NFC天线调制电磁场发送，以及，
    所述NDEF消息收发单元用于将所述NFC天线接收的多个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录发送至所述NDEF消息解析单元，所述NDEF消息解析单元用于将所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录解析并提取出有效载荷中的所述较大数据量的数据，将所述较大数据量的数据传送给所述数据读写单元，所述数据读写单元用于将所述较大数据量的数据写入至所述非易失性存储单元。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述NDEF消息收发单元设置为从所述NFC天线每接收一个所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录就将所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录发送至所述NDEF消息解析单元，
    所述NDEF消息解析单元将所述承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录解析并提取出有效载荷中的数据，并由所述数据读写单元将所述有效载荷中的数据写入至所述非易失性存储单元。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述NDEF消息收发单元在接收到一个携带有起始标记的NDEF记录时表示所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录接收的开始，和/或
    所述NDEF消息收发单元在接收到一个携带有结束标记的NDEF记录时表示所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录接收的完成。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述携带有起始标记的NDEF记录为首个所述承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录，和/或
    所述携带有结束标记的NDEF记录为最后一个所述承载较小量的数据的NDEF记录。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的NFC标签，其特征在于：
    所述多个承载较小数据量的数据的NDEF记录包含至少一个NDEF子记录，所述NDEF消息解析单元将所述至少一个NDEF子记录传送给所述数据读写单元。
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