WO2017167218A1 - 一种抗菌组合物及其用途 - Google Patents

一种抗菌组合物及其用途 Download PDF

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WO2017167218A1
WO2017167218A1 PCT/CN2017/078742 CN2017078742W WO2017167218A1 WO 2017167218 A1 WO2017167218 A1 WO 2017167218A1 CN 2017078742 W CN2017078742 W CN 2017078742W WO 2017167218 A1 WO2017167218 A1 WO 2017167218A1
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group
compound
alkyl
pharmaceutically acceptable
ester
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PCT/CN2017/078742
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴永谦
田玉伟
高聪
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山东轩竹医药科技有限公司
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Priority to CN201780019908.9A priority Critical patent/CN108778270B/zh
Publication of WO2017167218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017167218A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/439Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/4995Pyrazines or piperazines forming part of bridged ring systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • A61K31/542Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/545Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine
    • A61K31/546Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. cephalothin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/66Phosphorus compounds
    • A61K31/675Phosphorus compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pyridoxal phosphate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical technology.
  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical product, and more particularly to an antibacterial pharmaceutical composition comprising a diazabicyclooctanone compound and a cephalosporin antibiotic, and use thereof for preventing and/or treating an infectious disease caused by bacteria .
  • antibiotics The rapid development of antibiotics is of great significance in the history of modern medicine.
  • the first clinically successful beta-lactam drug was penicillin G, which indicated the direction for the clinical application of subsequent beta-lactam antibiotics.
  • cephalosporin antibiotics With the gradual deepening of antibiotic research and development, cephalosporin antibiotics have become the most widely used antibiotics in clinical practice.
  • cephalosporin antibiotics are susceptible to hydrolysis by ⁇ -lactamase produced by pathogenic bacteria to produce increasingly severe drug resistance.
  • One of the ways to solve the drug resistance is to use ⁇ -lactamase inhibitors to reduce or inhibit the activity of ⁇ -lactamase, restore the antibacterial activity and antibacterial spectrum of antibiotics, and improve its clinical efficacy.
  • beta-lactamase inhibitors are Clavulanic acid, Sulbactam and Tazobactam.
  • Clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam are structural analogs of penicillin, which are irreversible "suicidal enzyme inhibitors" with short duration of maintenance.
  • the main zymogram of clavulanic acid is a partial class A ⁇ -lactamase (eg CTX-M, TEM-1, SHV-1), and for newly produced class A ⁇ -lactamase (eg KPC), class B Resistance caused by metalloenzymes (such as IMP, NDM-1, VIM), C-type enzymes (such as AmpC) or D-type enzymes (such as OXA), etc., are not effective.
  • Sulbactam and tazobactam primarily improve the inhibition of some C (eg AmpC), D (eg OXA) and other enzymes, but for newly produced class A ⁇ -lactamases (eg KPC) and B Metalloenzymes (eg, IMP, NDM-1, VIM) still do not have good inhibitory activity.
  • C eg AmpC
  • D eg OXA
  • B Metalloenzymes eg, IMP, NDM-1, VIM
  • the cephalosporin antibiotics are mainly selected from the second and third generation cephalosporins
  • the ⁇ -lactamase inhibitors are mainly selected from clavulanic acid and sulbactam. And tazobactam and so on.
  • Avibactam (AVI) and MK-7655 are both diazabicyclooctanone compounds, and the structures are shown below. Compared with clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam, agabatan has long-lasting enzyme inhibition and solves some of the drug-mediated problems mediated by A-type ⁇ -lactamase (eg KPC). However, it still cannot effectively solve the drug resistance caused by class B metalloenzymes, and its clinical application is limited. MK-7655 has a broader antibacterial spectrum, but it does not show good efficacy against strains of class B metalloenzymes.
  • the diazabicyclooctyl ketone compound (PCT/CN/2017/095837) independently developed by Shandong Xuanzhu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. has good ⁇ -lactamase inhibitory activity and has certain antibacterial effect. At the same time, it has Good pharmacokinetic properties.
  • the use of a novel ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor in combination with existing cephalosporin antibiotics to solve the problem of bacterial resistance mediated by class B metalloenzymes has very urgent and realistic clinical needs.
  • One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problem of bacterial resistance caused by ⁇ -lactamase, especially the bacterial resistance caused by the beta metallo- ⁇ -lactamase.
  • the present application provides a pharmaceutical product comprising a diazabicyclooctanone compound and a cephalosporin antibiotic which is useful for the prevention and/or treatment of bacterial infectious diseases.
  • the present application provides a pharmaceutical product comprising Compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and at least one cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative, wherein the compound (a) has a structure represented by the formula (I),
  • R 1 is -SO 3 M, -OSO 3 M, -SO 2 NH 2 , -PO 3 M, -OPO 3 M, -CH 2 CO 2 M, -CF 2 CO 2 M or -CF 3 ;
  • M is selected from H or a pharmaceutically acceptable cation
  • Ring A is selected from the group consisting of a substituent optionally substituted by a substituent: a 5-15 membered bridged ring group, a 5-15 membered spirocyclic group, a 5-15 membered bridged heterocyclic group or a 5-15 membered spiroheterocyclyl group.
  • the substituent is selected from the group consisting of halogen, amino, carboxy, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, halo C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkylamino or C 1 -6 alkylcarbonyl;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a C 1-6 alkyl group, a halogenated C 1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxy C 1-6 alkyl group, an amino C 1-6 alkyl group, C 1- 6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkoxy C 1-6 alkyl, halo C 1-6 alkoxy, halo C 1-6 alkoxy C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkane Amino group, di(C 1-6 alkyl)amino group, C 1-6 alkylamino C 1-6 alkyl group, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl group, halogenated C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl group, halogenated C 1 -6 alkylcarbonyl C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy, C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy C 1-6
  • R 1 is —SO 3 M. In certain embodiments, R 1 is —OSO 3 M. In certain embodiments, R 1 is -SO 2 NH 2 . In certain embodiments, R 1 is -PO 3 M. In certain embodiments, R 1 is -OPO 3 M. In certain embodiments, R 1 is —CH 2 CO 2 M. In certain embodiments, R 1 is —CF 2 CO 2 M or —CF 3 .
  • Ring A is a 5-15 membered bridged ring group optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is a 5-15 membered spiro ring group optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is a 5-15 membered bridged heterocyclyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is a 5-15 membered spiroheterocyclyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • the substituent is a halogen. In certain embodiments, the substituent is an amino group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a carboxyl group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a hydroxyl group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a cyano group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a C1-6 alkyl group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a halo C 1-6 alkyl group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a C1-6 alkoxy group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a C1-6 alkylamino group. In certain embodiments, the substituent is a C1-6 alkylcarbonyl group.
  • R 2 is a hydrogen atom. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halogen. In certain embodiments, R 2 is amino. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a carboxy group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is hydroxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halo C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is hydroxy C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is amino C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkoxy C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halo C 1-6 alkoxy.
  • R 2 is halo C 1-6 alkoxy C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylamino. In certain embodiments, R 2 is di(C 1-6 alkyl)amino. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylamino C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halo C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halo C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl.
  • R 2 is C 1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylamido. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylaminocarbonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is di(C 1-6 alkyl)aminocarbonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylsulfinyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-6 alkylsulfonylamino.
  • R 2 is C 1-6 alkylsulfonyloxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 2-6 alkenyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 2-6 alkynyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 3-8 membered cycloalkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 3-8 membered cycloalkyl-C 1-6 alkyl group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 6-8 membered aryl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 6-15 membered fused aryl group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 4-15 membered fused ring group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-15 membered bridged ring group.
  • R 2 is a 5-15 membered spiro ring group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 3-8 membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is 3-8 membered heterocyclyl-C 1-6 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-8 membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-15 membered fused heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 4-15 membered fused heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-15 membered bridged heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-15 membered spiroheterocyclyl.
  • the compound (a) has the structure shown in formula (II),
  • R 1 , R 2 and ring A are as defined above.
  • the compound (a) has the structure shown in formula (III),
  • Ring A is selected from the group consisting of a substituent optionally substituted by a substituent: a 5-15 membered spiro group, a 5-15 membered nitrogen-containing bridged heterocyclic group or a 5-15 membered nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl group. From halogen, amino, carboxyl, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, halo C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkylamino or C 1-6 alkyl Carbonyl;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a C 1-6 alkyl group, a halogenated C 1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxy C 1-6 alkyl group, an amino C 1-6 alkyl group, C 1- 6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkoxy C 1-6 alkyl, halo C 1-6 alkoxy, halo C 1-6 alkoxy C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkane Amino group, di(C 1-6 alkyl)amino group, C 1-6 alkylamino C 1-6 alkyl group, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl group, halogenated C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl group, halogenated C 1 -6 alkylcarbonyl C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy, C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy C 1-6
  • M is selected from the group consisting of H, sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, zinc ion, ammonium ion, or tetrakis(C 1-6 alkyl) quaternary ammonium ion.
  • Ring A is a 5-15 membered nitrogen-containing bridged heterocyclyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is a 5-15 membered nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • R 2 is a 4-10 membered fused ring group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-10 membered bridged ring group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-10 membered spiro group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 4-10 membered fused heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-10 membered bridged heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 5-10 membered spiroheterocyclyl.
  • M is H. In certain embodiments, M is a sodium ion. In certain embodiments, M is a potassium ion. In certain embodiments, M is a calcium ion. In certain embodiments, M is a magnesium ion. In certain embodiments, M is a zinc ion. In certain embodiments, M is an ammonium ion. In certain embodiments, M is a tetra(C 1-6 alkyl) quaternary ammonium ion.
  • Ring A is selected from the group consisting of a substituent optionally substituted by a substituent: a 7-9 membered spiro ring group, a 7-9 membered nitrogen-containing bridged heterocyclic group or a 7-9 membered nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl group, said substituent being selected From halogen, amino, carboxyl, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, halo C 1-6 alkyl or C 1-6 alkoxy;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a C 1-6 alkyl group, a halogenated C 1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxy C 1-6 alkyl group, an amino C 1-6 alkyl group, C 1- 6 alkoxy, halo C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkylamino, di(C 1-6 alkyl)amino, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyl, halo C 1-6 alkyl Carbonyl, C 1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy, C 1-6 alkylamido, C 1-6 alkylsulfinyl, C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1-6 alkylsulfonylamino, 3-8 membered cycloalkyl, 3-8 membered cycloalkyl-C 1-6 alkyl, 3-8 membered heterocyclic group, 3-8 membere
  • M is selected from the group consisting of H, sodium ion, potassium ion, zinc ion or tetrabutylammonium ion.
  • Ring A is a 7-9 membered spirocyclyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is a 7-9 membered nitrogen-containing bridged heterocyclyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is a 7-9 membered nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • R 2 is a 5-9 membered fused heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 6-9 membered bridged heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 6-9 membered spiroheterocyclyl.
  • Ring A is selected from the group consisting of a substituent optionally substituted by a substituent: a 7-9 membered spiro ring group, a 7-9 membered nitrogen-containing bridged heterocyclic group or a 7-9 membered nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl group, said substituent being selected From halogen, amino, carboxyl, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-4 alkyl, halo C 1-4 alkyl or C 1-4 alkoxy;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a C 1-4 alkyl group, a halogenated C 1-4 alkyl group, a hydroxy C 1-4 alkyl group, an amino C 1-4 alkyl group, C 1- 4 -alkoxy, halo C 1-4 alkoxy, C 1-4 alkylamino, di(C 1-4 alkyl)amino, C 1-4 alkylcarbonyl, halo C 1-4 alkyl Carbonyl, C 1-4 alkylcarbonyloxy, C 1-4 alkylamido, C 1-4 alkylsulfinyl, C 1-4 alkylsulfonyl, C 1-4 alkylsulfonylamino, 3-6 membered cycloalkyl, 3-6 membered cycloalkyl-C 1-4 alkyl, 3-6 membered heterocyclic group, 3-6
  • M is selected from the group consisting of H, sodium ion, potassium ion, zinc ion or tetrabutylammonium ion.
  • the ring A is attached to the nitrogen atom of the amide group of the compound (a) via a ring carbon atom.
  • the substituent in ring A is a C 1-4 alkyl group. In certain embodiments, the substituent in Ring A is a halo C 1-4 alkyl group. In certain embodiments, the substituent in Ring A is a C 1-4 alkoxy group.
  • R 2 is C 1-4 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halo C 1-4 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is hydroxy C 1-4 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is amino C 1-4 alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-4 alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halo C 1-4 alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-4 alkylamino. In certain embodiments, R 2 is di(C 1-4 alkyl)amino. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-4 alkylcarbonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is halo C 1-4 alkylcarbonyl.
  • R 2 is C 1-4 alkylcarbonyloxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-4 alkylamido. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-4 alkylsulfinyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-4 alkylsulfonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is C 1-4 alkylsulfonylamino. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 3-6 membered cycloalkyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 3-6 membered cycloalkyl-C 1-4 alkyl group. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a 3-6 membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is 3-6 membered heterocyclyl-C 1-4 alkyl.
  • Ring A is selected from 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, 3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl optionally substituted by a substituent Alkyl, 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, 2-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, 2,5-di Azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, 2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl, 8- Oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-alkenyl, 3,9-diazabicyclo[3.3.1] ⁇ alkyl, 5-azaspiro[2.4]heptyl, 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptyl, 2-azaspir
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a methoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, an acetyl group, a methylsulfonyl group, and a cyclopropyl group.
  • Ring A is 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 8-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-alkenyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 3,9-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 5-azaspiro[2.4]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2-azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is optionally Substituent substituted 7-azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl.
  • Ring A is 2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is 6-oxa-2-azaspiro[3.4]octylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is 2-azaspiro[3.4]octylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is 6-azaspiro[3.4]octylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2-azaspiro[4.4]decylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2-oxa-7-azaspiro[4.4]decylalkyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 6-azaspiro[3.4]oct-7-alkenyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.4]oct-7-alkenyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • Ring A is 2-azaspiro[4.4]indol-7-alkenyl optionally substituted with a substituent. In certain embodiments, Ring A is spiro[3.3]heptanyl optionally substituted with a substituent.
  • R 2 is a fluorine atom. In certain embodiments, R 2 is a chlorine atom. In certain embodiments, R 2 is methyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is ethyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is butyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is trifluoromethyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is methoxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is trifluoromethoxy. In certain embodiments, R 2 is acetyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is methylsulfonyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is cyclopropyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is cyclopropylmethyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is cyclobutyl.
  • R 2 is cyclobutylmethyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is cyclopentyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is cyclopentylmethyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is cyclohexyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is cyclohexylmethyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is pyrrolidinyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is tetrahydrofuranyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is piperidinyl. In certain embodiments, R 2 is morpholinyl.
  • Ring A is selected from 3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl optionally substituted with substituents, 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, 3,9-diazabicyclo[3.3. 1] decyl, 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptyl, 2-azaspiro[3.5]decyl, 7-azaspiro[3.5]decyl or spidin[3.3]heptanyl;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a methoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, an acetyl group, a methylsulfonyl group, and a cyclopropyl group.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, methyl, ethyl, butyl, acetyl, methylsulfonyl, cyclopropyl or cyclopropylmethyl.
  • M is selected from the group consisting of H, sodium, and potassium.
  • Ring A is selected from 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptyl optionally substituted with a substituent selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group;
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a methoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, an acetyl group, a methylsulfonyl group, and a cyclopropyl group.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, methyl, ethyl, butyl, acetyl, methylsulfonyl, cyclopropyl or cyclopropylmethyl.
  • M is selected from the group consisting of H, sodium, and potassium.
  • the compound (a) has the structure shown in formula (IV):
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a methoxy group, a trifluoromethoxy group, an acetyl group, a methylsulfonyl group, Cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl or morpholinyl;
  • M is selected from the group consisting of H, sodium ion, potassium ion, zinc ion or tetrabutylammonium ion.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, methyl, ethyl, butyl, acetyl, methylsulfonyl, cyclopropyl or cyclopropylmethyl.
  • M is selected from the group consisting of H, sodium, and potassium.
  • the compound (a) is selected from the group consisting of Compound 1 to Compound 15-2 below:
  • the compound (a) is selected from:
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefpod ⁇ , ceftiofur, cefminox, Cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • the derivative of the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of an ester, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a stereoisomer, a prodrug, a solvent compound, a complex, or a metabolite of the cephalosporin antibiotic.
  • compound (a) is The cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, Cefminox, cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • compound (a) is The cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, Cefminox, cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • compound (a) is The cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, Cefminox, cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof are prevented And/or a therapeutically effective amount or unit dose is present.
  • the weight ratio of the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or solvate thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, to a cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof is from 0.5 to 50.
  • 0.5 to 50 for example, 0.5 to 10: 0.5 to 50, 10 to 20: 0.5 to 50, 20 to 30: 0.5 to 50, 30 to 40: 0.5 to 50, 40 to 50: 0.5 to 50, and 0.5 to 50: 0.5 to 10, 0.5 to 50: 10 to 20, 0.5 to 50: 20 to 30, 0.5 to 50: 30 to 40, 0.5 to 50: 40 to 50, 0.5 to 10: 0.5 to 10, and 10 to 20: 10 to 20, 0.5-20: 0.5-20, 20-30: 20-30, 30-40:30-40, 40-50:40-50, 1-10:1-10, 1-10 1 to 20: 1 to 10, 1: 0.5 to 50, 1:1 to 32, 1: 0.5 to 16, 1:1 to 20, 0.5 to 20: 1, or 0.5 to 16:1; for example, 0.5 to 50,
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof is from 0.02 g to 50 g per 1 g of the cephalosporin antibiotic.
  • ⁇ 50g for example, 0.02g, 0.03g, 0.04g, 0.05g, 0.06g, 0.07g, 0.08g, 0.09g, 0.1g, 0.11g, 0.12g, 0.13g, 0.14g, 0.15g, 0.16g, 0.17 g, 0.18 g, 0.19 g, 0.2 g, 0.21 g, 0.22 g,
  • the pharmaceutical product comprises:
  • the pharmaceutical product further comprises one or more therapeutically active agents selected from the group consisting of an antibacterial agent, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, an anti-anaerobic agent, an antifungal agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, a matrix Metalloproteinase inhibitors, lipoxygenase inhibitors, cytokine antagonists, immunosuppressants, anticancer agents, antiviral agents, cytokines, growth factors, immunomodulators, prostaglandins, anti-vascular hyperproliferative compounds or any thereof combination.
  • therapeutically active agents selected from the group consisting of an antibacterial agent, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, an anti-anaerobic agent, an antifungal agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, a matrix Metalloproteinase inhibitors, lipoxygenase inhibitors, cytokine antagonists, immunosuppressants, anticancer agents, antiviral agents, cytokines, growth factors, immunomodulators, prostaglandins, anti-vascular hyperproliferative
  • the antibacterial agent is selected from the group consisting of tobramycin, levofloxacin, vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, tigecycline, or any combination thereof.
  • the beta-lactamase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, sulbactam, or any combination thereof.
  • the anti-anaerobic agent is metronidazole and the antifungal agent is colistin.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof, and optional therapeutic activity are present separately in the pharmaceutical product, for example in different formulations.
  • the different formulations have the same or different dosage forms.
  • the dosage form is selected from the group consisting of a powder, a tablet, a granule, a capsule, a solution, an emulsion, a suspension, an injection, a spray, an aerosol, a powder, a lotion, Tinctures, ointments, plasters, pastes, patches, gargles or suppositories.
  • the different formulations each comprise an active ingredient.
  • the pharmaceutical product comprises a first formulation and a second formulation, the active ingredient of the first formulation being the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound thereof, or stereoisomer thereof
  • the active ingredient of the second preparation is the cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical product comprises a first formulation, a second formulation, and a third formulation, the active ingredient of the first formulation being the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound thereof, Or a stereoisomer thereof, the active ingredient of the second preparation is the cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof, and the active ingredient of the third preparation is the therapeutically active agent.
  • the formulation can be administered to a patient or subject in need of prophylaxis and/or treatment by any suitable mode of administration, such as oral, parenteral, rectal, pulmonary or topical administration.
  • the preparation is an oral preparation such as an oral solid preparation such as a tablet, a capsule, a pill, a granule or the like; or an oral liquid preparation such as an oral solution, an oral suspension, or a syrup Agents, etc.
  • the oral preparation may further comprise a suitable filler, binder, disintegrant, lubricant, and the like.
  • the preparation may be an injection, including an injection, a sterile powder for injection, and a concentrated solution for injection.
  • the injection it can be produced by a conventional method in the existing pharmaceutical field.
  • no additional agent may be added to the preparation, and a suitable additional agent may be added depending on the nature of the drug.
  • the preparation When used for rectal administration, the preparation may be a suppository or the like.
  • the preparation For pulmonary administration, the preparation may be an inhalant or a spray or the like.
  • the preferred mode of administration is intravenous, intramuscular or oral.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, and the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof are in the form of a pharmaceutical composition Present in the pharmaceutical product.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and the therapeutically active agent are present in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof and the therapeutically active agent are present in the pharmaceutical product in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound, or stereoisomer thereof, the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof, and the therapeutically active agent A form of the pharmaceutical composition is present in the pharmaceutical product.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is formulated into any pharmaceutically acceptable dosage form, such as a powder, a tablet, a granule, a capsule, a solution, an emulsion, a suspension, an injection, a spray, Aerosol, powder, lotion, tincture, ointment, plaster, paste, patch, gargle or suppository, such as powder, tablet, granule, capsule, solution, injection, ointment Agent, bismuth-containing or suppository.
  • any pharmaceutically acceptable dosage form such as a powder, a tablet, a granule, a capsule, a solution, an emulsion, a suspension, an injection, a spray, Aerosol, powder, lotion, tincture, ointment, plaster, paste, patch, gargle or suppository, such as powder, tablet, granule, capsule, solution, injection, ointment Agent, bismuth-containing or suppository.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be administered to a patient or subject in need of prophylaxis and/or treatment by any suitable mode of administration, such as oral, parenteral, rectal, pulmonary or topical administration.
  • suitable mode of administration such as oral, parenteral, rectal, pulmonary or topical administration.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated into an oral preparation, such as an oral solid preparation such as a tablet, a capsule, a pill, a granule, or the like; or an oral liquid preparation such as an oral solution or an oral mixture. Suspension, syrup, and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may further comprise a suitable filler, binder, disintegrant, lubricant, and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical composition When used for parenteral administration, the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated into an injection, including an injection, a sterile powder for injection, and a concentrated solution for injection.
  • the pharmaceutical composition When formulated as an injection, the pharmaceutical composition can be produced by a conventional method in the existing pharmaceutical field. When the injection is formulated, no additional agent may be added to the pharmaceutical composition, and a suitable additional agent may be added depending on the nature of the drug.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated into a suppository or the like.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated as an inhalant or a spray. In the present application, the preferred mode of administration is intravenous, intramuscular or oral.
  • the pharmaceutical product further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • the present application relates to a compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof thereof, and a cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof, as defined above, for the preparation of a prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent Use in a pharmaceutical product of an infectious disease caused by bacteria in a subject.
  • the bacterium has drug resistance caused by a beta-lactamase.
  • the ⁇ -lactamase is selected from the group consisting of a class A ⁇ -lactamase, a class B metal ⁇ -lactamase, a class C ⁇ -lactamase, a class D ⁇ -lactamase, or Any combination thereof.
  • the beta-lactamase is a beta metal beta-lactamase.
  • the beta-lactamase is selected from the group consisting of: CTX-M, TEM, SHV, KPC, NDM, IMP, VIM, AmpC, OXA, extended-spectrum ⁇ -lactamase (ESBLs) or random combination.
  • the bacterium is selected from the group consisting of a Gram-positive bacterium, a Gram-negative bacterium, or any combination thereof.
  • the bacterium is a Gram-negative bacterium.
  • the Gram-positive bacteria are selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus, Clostridium difficile or Any combination thereof.
  • the Gram-negative bacteria are selected from the group consisting of: Citrobacter, Citrobacter freundii, and sulcus Bacillus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella, Serratia marcescens, Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella muforma, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis Cocci, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Campylobacter, Helicobacter pylori, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium abscessus , Mycobacterium kansii, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Haemophilus
  • the infectious disease caused by the bacterium is selected from the group consisting of: upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection, complicated urinary tract infection and other urinary tract infections, central nervous system infection, ear infection, pleural lung and bronchial infection Tuberculosis, concurrent or non-concurrent urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infection, cardiovascular infection, bloodstream infection, sepsis, bacteremia, CNS infection, skin or soft tissue infection, GI infection, bone and joint infection, genital infection, eye Infection, granulomatous infection, concomitant or non-concurrent skin and skin structure infections, catheter infections, pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis externa, otitis media, bronchitis, empyema, pneumonia, community acquired bacterial pneumonia, hospital acquired pneumonia, Hospital acquired bacterial pneumonia, respirator-associated pneumonia, diabetic foot infection, vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection, cystitis and pyelonephritis, kidney stones, prosta
  • the subject is a mammal, such as a bovine, equine, ovine, porcine, canine, feline, rodent, primate; Among them, a particularly preferred subject is a human.
  • the present application relates to a pharmaceutical product as described above for use in the prevention and/or treatment of an infectious disease caused by bacteria in a subject.
  • the bacterium has drug resistance caused by a beta-lactamase.
  • the ⁇ -lactamase is selected from the group consisting of a class A ⁇ -lactamase, a class B metal ⁇ -lactamase, a class C ⁇ -lactamase, a class D ⁇ -lactamase, or Any combination thereof.
  • the beta-lactamase is a beta metal beta-lactamase.
  • the beta-lactamase is selected from the group consisting of: CTX-M, TEM, SHV, KPC, NDM, IMP, VIM, AmpC, OXA, extended-spectrum ⁇ -lactamase (ESBLs) or random combination.
  • the bacterium is selected from the group consisting of a Gram-positive bacterium, a Gram-negative bacterium, or any combination thereof.
  • the bacterium is a Gram-negative bacterium.
  • the Gram-positive bacteria are selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus, Clostridium difficile or Any combination thereof.
  • the infectious disease caused by the bacterium is selected from the group consisting of: upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection, complicated urinary tract infection and other urinary tract infections, central nervous system infection, ear infection, pleural lung and bronchial infection Tuberculosis, concurrent or non-concurrent urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infection, cardiovascular infection, bloodstream infection, sepsis, bacteremia, CNS infection, skin or soft tissue infection, GI infection, bone and joint infection, genital infection, eye Infection, granulomatous infection, concomitant or non-concurrent skin and skin structure infections, catheter infections, pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis externa, otitis media, bronchitis, empyema, pneumonia, community acquired bacterial pneumonia, hospital acquired pneumonia, Hospital acquired bacterial pneumonia, respirator-associated pneumonia, diabetic foot infection, vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection, cystitis and pyelonephritis, kidney stones, prosta
  • the subject is a mammal, such as a bovine, equine, ovine, porcine, canine, feline, rodent, primate; Among them, a particularly preferred subject is a human.
  • the present application relates to a method of preventing and/or treating an infectious disease caused by bacteria in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a prophylactically and/or therapeutically effective amount of Compound (a) as defined above, Or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and at least one cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof.
  • the bacterium has drug resistance caused by a beta-lactamase.
  • the ⁇ -lactamase is selected from the group consisting of a class A ⁇ -lactamase, a class B metal ⁇ -lactamase, a class C ⁇ -lactamase, a class D ⁇ -lactamase, or Any combination thereof.
  • the beta-lactamase is a beta metal beta-lactamase.
  • the beta-lactamase is selected from the group consisting of: CTX-M, TEM, SHV, KPC, NDM, IMP, VIM, AmpC, OXA, extended-spectrum ⁇ -lactamase (ESBLs) or random combination.
  • the bacterium is selected from the group consisting of a Gram-positive bacterium, a Gram-negative bacterium, or any combination thereof.
  • the bacterium is a Gram-negative bacterium.
  • the Gram-positive bacteria are selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus, Clostridium difficile or Any combination thereof.
  • the infectious disease caused by the bacterium is selected from the group consisting of: upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection, complicated urinary tract infection and other urinary tract infections, central nervous system infection, ear infection, pleural lung and bronchial infection Tuberculosis, concurrent or non-concurrent urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infection, cardiovascular infection, bloodstream infection, sepsis, bacteremia, CNS infection, skin or soft tissue infection, GI infection, bone and joint infection, genital infection, eye Infection, granulomatous infection, concomitant or non-concurrent skin and skin structure infections, catheter infections, pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis externa, otitis media, bronchitis, empyema, pneumonia, community acquired bacterial pneumonia, hospital acquired pneumonia, Hospital acquired bacterial pneumonia, respirator-associated pneumonia, diabetic foot infection, vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection, cystitis and pyelonephritis, kidney stones, prosta
  • the compound (a) is selected from:
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cephalosporin Boswell, ceftiofur, cefminox, cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • the derivative of the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of an ester, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a stereoisomer, a prodrug, a solvent compound, a complex, or a metabolite of the cephalosporin antibiotic.
  • compound (a) is The cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, Cefminox, cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • compound (a) is The cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, Cefminox, cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • compound (a) is The cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, chlorocephalosporin, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, Cefminox, cefoperazone, cefepime, cefixime, cefquinome, cefquinone, cefazolin, cefpirome, ceftaroline, cefepip or any combination thereof.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefazolin or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the cephalosporin antibiotic is ceftazidime.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, and cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof, administered to a subject The ratio is 0.5 to 50: 0.5 to 50, for example, 0.5 to 10: 0.5 to 50, 10 to 20: 0.5 to 50, 20 to 30: 0.5 to 50, 30 to 40: 0.5 to 50, and 40 to 50: 0.5 to 50, 0.5-50: 0.5-10, 0.5-50:10-20, 0.5-50:20-30, 0.5-50:30-40, 0.5-50:40-50, 0.5-10:0.5-10.
  • the method comprises: compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, per 1 gram of a cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof 0.02 g to 50 g (for example, 0.02 g to 0.1 g, 0.1 g to 10 g, 0.125 g to 8 g, 0.25 g to 4 g, 0.5 g to 2 g, 1 g to 2 g, 1 g to 10 g, 10 g to 20 g, 20 g to 30 g, 30 g) ⁇ 40g, or 40g ⁇ 50g, for example, 0.02g, 0.03g, 0.04g, 0.05g, 0.06g, 0.07g, 0.08g, 0.09g, 0.1g, 0.11g, 0.12g, 0.13g, 0.14g, 0.15g 0.16g, 0.17g, 0.18g, 0.19g, 0.2g, 0.21g, 0.22g, 0.23g, 0.24g, 0.25g
  • compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, and cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof according to any one of the following Administration (eg, ceftazidime) to the subject:
  • the method further comprises administering to the subject one or more therapeutically active agents selected from the group consisting of: an antibacterial agent, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, an anti-anaerobic agent, an antifungal agent, Anti-inflammatory agents, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, lipoxygenase inhibitors, cytokine antagonists, immunosuppressants, anticancer agents, antiviral agents, cytokines, growth factors, immunomodulators, prostaglandins, anti-hyperkine Proliferating compounds or any combination thereof.
  • therapeutically active agents selected from the group consisting of: an antibacterial agent, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, an anti-anaerobic agent, an antifungal agent, Anti-inflammatory agents, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, lipoxygenase inhibitors, cytokine antagonists, immunosuppressants, anticancer agents, antiviral agents, cytokines, growth factors, immunomodulators, prostaglandins, anti-hyperkine
  • the antibacterial agent is selected from the group consisting of tobramycin, levofloxacin, vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, tigecycline, or any combination thereof.
  • the beta-lactamase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, sulbactam, or any combination thereof.
  • the anti-anaerobic agent is metronidazole and the antifungal agent is colistin.
  • the compound (a), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an ester thereof, a solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof, and optional therapeutic activity is administered to the subject simultaneously or sequentially, for example, before, simultaneously or after administration of the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, A therapeutically active agent is administered.
  • the therapeutically active agent can be administered prior to, concurrently with, or after administration of the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, and the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof are in the form of a pharmaceutical composition It is administered to the subject simultaneously.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a therapeutically active agent are administered simultaneously to the subject in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof and the therapeutically active agent are administered to the subject simultaneously in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof, and a therapeutically active agent The form of the composition is administered to the subject simultaneously.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is formulated into any pharmaceutically acceptable dosage form, such as a powder, a tablet, a granule, a capsule, a solution, an emulsion, a suspension, an injection, a spray, Aerosol, powder, lotion, tincture, ointment, plaster, paste, patch, gargle or suppository, such as powder, tablet, granule, capsule, solution, injection, ointment Agent, bismuth-containing or suppository.
  • one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are co-administered to the subject with the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof .
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof, and optional therapeutic activity are present in separate formulations prior to use, for example, in separate single component formulations.
  • the different formulations have the same or different dosage forms (eg, powders, tablets, granules, capsules, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, injections, sprays, aerosols, powders) An aerosol, lotion, tincture, ointment, plaster, paste, patch, gargle or suppository).
  • the different formulations each comprise an active ingredient.
  • the method comprises administering to a subject a first formulation and a second formulation, the active ingredient of the first formulation being the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound thereof, Or a stereoisomer thereof, wherein the active ingredient of the second preparation is the cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof.
  • the method comprises administering to a subject a first formulation, a second formulation, and a third formulation, the first formulation
  • the active ingredient is the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof
  • the active ingredient of the second preparation is the cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof
  • the active ingredient of the third formulation is a therapeutically active agent.
  • the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof is administered to the subject by intravenous, intramuscular or oral administration.
  • Tester In certain embodiments, the compound (a), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, is administered in a manner that is administered 1, 2, 3 or 4 times per day. Subject.
  • the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof is administered to a subject by intravenous, intramuscular or oral administration. In certain embodiments, the cephalosporin antibiotic or derivative thereof is administered to a subject in a manner that is administered 1, 2, 3 or 4 times per day.
  • the therapeutically active agent is administered to a subject by intravenous, intramuscular or oral administration. In certain embodiments, the therapeutically active agent is administered to the subject in a manner that is administered 1, 2, 3 or 4 times per day.
  • the subject is a mammal, such as a bovine, equine, ovine, porcine, canine, feline, rodent, primate; Among them, a particularly preferred subject is a human.
  • the present application is also directed to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a component ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor and a component cephalosporin antibiotic, wherein the ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor is as follows a compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an ester thereof or a stereoisomer thereof,
  • R 1 , R 2 and ring A are as defined above.
  • the weight ratio of the component ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor to the component cephalosporin antibiotic is 1:0.5 to 1:50, preferably 1:1 to 1:32, preferably 1:1. ⁇ 1:20, further preferably 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5, 1:5, 1: 5.5, 1:6, 1:6.5, 1:7, 1:7.5, 1:8, 1:8.5, 1:9, 1:9.5, 1:10 or 1:16.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, which may be formulated into any of pharmaceutically acceptable dosage forms, preferably powders, tablets, granules, capsules, solutions, An emulsion, a suspension, an injection, a spray, an aerosol, a powder, a lotion, an elixir, an ointment, a plaster, a paste, a patch, an expectorant or a suppository, more preferably a powder or a tablet, Granules, capsules, solutions, injections, ointments, gargles or suppositories.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers preferably powders, tablets, granules, capsules, solutions, An emulsion, a suspension, an injection, a spray, an aerosol, a powder, a lotion, an elixir, an ointment, a plaster, a paste, a patch, an expectorant or a suppository, more preferably a powder or a tablet
  • the pharmaceutical composition is characterized in that the component ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor and the component cephalosporin antibiotic are administered simultaneously in the form of a combination formulation.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is characterized in that the component ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor and the component cephalosporin antibiotic are formulated separately, simultaneously or sequentially.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is characterized in that the route of administration of the composition is intravenous, intramuscular or oral.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is characterized in that the composition is administered in a number of times of 1, 2, 3 or 4 times per day.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may further comprise one or more therapeutically active agents selected from the group consisting of antibacterial agents, beta-lactamase inhibitors, anti-anaerobic agents, antifungal agents, Anti-inflammatory agents, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, lipoxygenase inhibitors, cytokine antagonists, immunosuppressants, anticancer agents, antiviral agents, cytokines, growth factors, immunomodulators, prostaglandins or anti-hyperkine a proliferating compound;
  • the antibacterial agent is selected from the group consisting of tobramycin, levofloxacin, vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline or tigecycline
  • the beta-lactamase inhibitor being selected from the group consisting of clavulanic acid, Tazobactam or sulbactam
  • the anti-anaerobic agent is selected from metronidazole
  • the antifungal agent is selected from the group consisting of colistin.
  • the present application also relates to the use of the above pharmaceutical composition for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of a bacterial resistance caused by ⁇ -lactamase, which is selected from a class A ⁇ -lactamase (CTX) -M, TEM-1, SHV-1 or KPC-2), class B metal ⁇ -lactamase (NDM-1, IMP or VIM), class C ⁇ -lactamase (AmpC) or class D ⁇ - A bacterial resistance disease caused by amidase (OXA), preferably a bacterial resistance disease caused by a class B metal ⁇ -lactamase (NDM-1, IMP or VIM); said bacteria are selected from Gram-positive a Gram-negative bacterium, preferably a Gram-negative bacterium; the Gram-positive bacterium selected from the group consisting of: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus f
  • the Gram-negative bacteria are selected from the group consisting of: Citrobacter, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Common Proteus, Salmonella, Serratia marcescens, Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella muforma, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningitis Neisseria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, Campylobacter, Helicobacter pylori, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium avium, Abscess Bacillus, Mycobacterium kansii, Mycobacterium ulcerum, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogen
  • the present application also relates to the use of the above pharmaceutical composition for the preparation of a medicament for treating and/or preventing an infectious disease caused by bacteria, the infectious disease caused by bacteria being selected from the group consisting of upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection , complicated urinary tract infections and other urinary tract infections, central nervous system infections, ear infections, pleural lung and bronchial infections, tuberculosis, Concurrent or non-concurrent urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infection, cardiovascular infection, bloodstream infection, sepsis, bacteremia, CNS infection, skin or soft tissue infection, GI infection, bone and joint infection, genital infection, eye infection, granulation Swelling infection, concomitant or non-concurrent skin and skin structure infection, catheter infection, pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis externa, otitis media, bronchitis, empyema, pneumonia, community acquired bacterial pneumonia, hospital acquired pneumonia, hospital acquired Bacterial pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, diabetic foot infection
  • the present application is also directed to a method of preparing the compound (a), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, comprising the steps of:
  • the raw material 1 and the raw material 2 are dissolved in an organic solvent, preferably a polar organic solvent, an organic base, a carboxyl activating reagent and a water reducing agent are added, or an organic base and a polypeptide condensing agent are added, and the reaction is carried out at 10 to 80 ° C for several hours under a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the preferred reaction temperature is 25 ° C, and the preferred reaction time is 12-20 h. After the reaction is completed, the intermediate 1 is obtained by purification.
  • the intermediate 1 is dissolved in a mixed solvent of an organic solvent and/or water, and an organic base, a SO 3 ⁇ M complex (such as sulfur trioxide trimethylamine complex), and palladium carbon are added, and the reaction rate is performed at room temperature under a hydrogen atmosphere. In the hour, the reaction is preferably carried out for 1-20 hours. After the reaction is completed, an organic acid and/or an organic acid salt is further added for acidification, and the reaction is carried out for several hours at room temperature. After the reaction is completed, the compound (a) is obtained by purification.
  • a SO 3 ⁇ M complex such as sulfur trioxide trimethylamine complex
  • the organic solvent is selected from one or more of the following: a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, chloroform, etc.; an amide solvent selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide, N , N-dimethylacetamide, etc.; an alcohol solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, tert-butanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerin; and a ketone solvent selected from the group consisting of acetone, Methyl butyl Ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.; the ester solvent is selected from the group consisting of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, dimethyl phthalate and propyl acetate.
  • a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, chloroform, etc.
  • an amide solvent selected from the
  • the organic base is selected from the group consisting of organic amine bases such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, isopropylamine, hexamethylenediamine, etc.; alkali metal salts of alcohols
  • the class is selected from the group consisting of lithium t-butoxide, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide and potassium ethoxide.
  • the carboxyl activating reagent is selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), 1-hydroxy-7-azobenzotriazole (HOAt).
  • the water reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of: 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbonyldiimide hydrochloride (EDC.HCl), N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) ).
  • the polypeptide condensing agent is selected from the group consisting of: O-benzotriazole-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (HBTU); 2-(7-azobenzotriazole)-N,N,N',N'- Tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (HATU).
  • HBTU O-benzotriazole-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate
  • HATU 2-(7-azobenzotriazole)-N,N,N',N'- Tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate
  • halogenated as used in the present invention means substituted by "halogen atom", and "halogen atom” means a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom.
  • the "C 1-6 alkyl group” of the present invention means a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and includes, for example, “C 1-5 alkyl group”, “C 1-4 alkyl group”, “C 1-3 alkyl”, “C 1-2 alkyl”, “C 2-6 alkyl”, “C 2-5 alkyl”, “C 2-4 alkyl", “C 2-3 Alkyl”, “C 3-6 alkyl”, “C 3-5 alkyl”, “C 3-4 alkyl”, “C 4-6 alkyl", “C 4-5 alkyl", " C 5-6 alkyl” and the like, specific examples include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, Isoamyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl
  • halogenated C 1-6 alkyl group as used in the present invention means a group derived by substituting one or more halogen atoms for one or more hydrogen atoms on a C 1-6 alkyl group, said "halogen atom” and “C 1-6 alkyl” is as defined above.
  • the "halogenated C 1-4 alkyl group” as used in the present invention refers to a specific example of a halogenated C 1-6 alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • hydroxy C 1-6 alkyl group refers to a group derived from one or more hydrogen atoms on one or more hydroxy-substituted C 1-6 alkyl groups, said "C 1-6 alkyl group”. "As defined above.
  • the "hydroxy C 1-4 alkyl group” as used in the present invention means a specific example of having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the hydroxy C 1-6 alkyl group.
  • amino C 1-6 alkyl group refers to a group derived from one or more hydrogen atoms of one or more amino-substituted C 1-6 alkyl groups, said "C 1-6 alkyl group”. "As defined above.
  • amino C 1-4 alkyl group as used in the present invention means a specific example of having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the amino C 1-6 alkyl group.
  • the "C 2-6 alkenyl group” as used in the present invention means a linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl group having at least one double bond and having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and includes, for example, "C 2-5 alkenyl group”. "C 2-4 alkenyl”, “C 2-3 alkenyl”, “C 3-6 alkenyl”, “C 3-5 alkenyl”, “C 3-4 alkenyl”, “C 4 -6 alkenyl”, “C 4-5 alkenyl", “C 5-6 alkenyl” and the like.
  • Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentyl Alkenyl, 3-pentenyl, 1,3-pentadienyl, 1,4-pentadienyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 1,4-hexyl Dienyl, cyclopentenyl, 1,3-cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, 1,4-cyclohexadienyl and the like.
  • the "C 2-6 alkynyl group” as used in the present invention means a linear or branched alkynyl group having at least one triple bond and having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and includes, for example, “C 2-5 alkynyl group”, C 2-4 alkynyl", “C 2-3 alkynyl", “C 3-6 alkynyl", “C 3-5 alkynyl", “C 3-4 alkynyl", “C 4-6 alkyne”",””C 4-5 alkynyl", “C 5-6 alkynyl” and the like.
  • Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, 2-butynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-methyl-2-pentynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3 - hexynyl, 5-methyl-2-hexynyl and the like.
  • tetrakis(C 1-6 alkyl) quaternary ammonium ion as used in the present invention means a plurality of four hydrogen atoms on the same or different C 1-6 alkyl-substituted quaternary ammonium ions (H 4 N + ).
  • Derivatized group, the "C 1-6 alkyl group” is as defined above.
  • the "pharmaceutically acceptable cation" according to the present invention may be a valence of a monovalent or divalent metal cation in the periodic table, such as Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Fe.
  • the nitrogen-containing organic cation includes the following: (1) a plurality of C 1-6 alkyl-substituted ammonium ions formed by hydrogen (C 1 -6 alkyl) 4 N + , the plurality of C 1-6 alkyl groups may be the same or different, and are as defined above, preferably (C 1-4 alkyl) 4 N + ; (2) An organic cation formed by a nitrogen organic heterocyclic ring or a heteroaromatic ring, preferably a 3-8 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cation and a 5-6 membered nitrogen-containing heteroaryl ring cation, for example, may be Wait.
  • the "3-8 membered cycloalkyl group” as used in the present invention means a saturated cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and includes, for example, “3-4 membered cycloalkyl group” and "3-5 membered cycloalkane”.
  • cyclopropyl cyclobutane
  • cyclopentyl cyclohexane
  • cycloheptyl cyclooctyl
  • the "5-6 membered cycloalkyl group” means a saturated cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • the "6-8 membered aryl group" as used in the present invention means a monocyclic aryl group having 6 to 8 ring carbon atoms, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a phenyl group, a cyclooctyltetraenyl group and the like.
  • the "6-15 membered fused aryl group” as used in the present invention means an unsaturated group having 6 to 15 ring carbon atoms formed by two or more ring structures sharing two adjacent atoms with each other. Aromatic cyclic group. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl and the like.
  • the "6-10 membered fused aryl group” refers to a specific example in which the number of ring atoms in the 6-15 membered fused aryl group is 6 to 10.
  • the "4-15 membered fused ring group” as used in the present invention refers to a cyclic structure having 4 to 15 ring carbon atoms formed by two or more ring structures sharing two adjacent atoms with each other. Including, for example, “4-12 membered fused ring group”, “4-11 membered fused ring group”, “5-10 membered fused ring group”, “6-11 membered fused ring group”, “5-9 membered fused ring”, “5-9 membered fused ring”",””7-10 membered fused ring group”, “4-12 membered fused ring group”, “8-9 membered fused ring group”, “9-10 membered fused ring group”, etc., optionally, cyclic
  • the carbon atoms in the structure can be replaced by oxo. Examples include, but are not limited to: Wait.
  • the 4-10 membered fused ring group” refers to a specific example of 4 to 10 ring atoms in the 4
  • the "5-15 membered spiro group” as used in the present invention means a cyclic structure having 5 to 15 ring carbon atoms formed by sharing one carbon atom with two or more cyclic structures.
  • the carbon atoms in the cyclic structure can be replaced by oxo.
  • the "5-15 membered spiro group” includes, for example, "4-11 membered spiro group”, “6-11 membered spiro group”, “5-10 membered spiro group”, and "7-10 membered spiro group”. "6-9 yuan spiro group”, “7-9 element spiro group”, “7-8 element spiro group”, “9-10 element spiro group”, and the like.
  • the "7-9 membered spiro group” or “5-10 membered spiro group” means a specific example of 7 to 9 or 5 to 10 ring atoms in the 5-15 membered spiro group.
  • the "5-15 membered bridged ring group" as used in the present invention means a ring having 5 to 15 ring carbon atoms formed by two or more ring structures sharing two non-adjacent carbon atoms with each other. structure.
  • the carbon atoms in the cyclic structure can be replaced by oxo.
  • "5-15 yuan bridged ring group” includes, for example, “5-11 yuan bridged ring base”, “6-11 yuan bridged ring base”, “5-10 yuan bridged ring base”, “7-10 yuan bridged ring base” , “6-9 yuan bridge ring base”, “7-9 yuan bridge ring base”, “7-8 yuan bridge ring base”, “9-10 yuan bridge ring base” and so on. Specific examples include, but are not limited to: Wait.
  • the "5-10 membered bridged ring group” refers to a specific example in which 5 to 10 ring atoms are contained in a 5-15 membered bridged ring group.
  • the "3-8 membered heterocyclic group" as used in the present invention means a saturated or partially saturated cyclic group having at least one hetero atom and having 3 to 8 ring atoms in the ring atom, and the hetero atom is nitrogen.
  • a ring atom eg, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • oxo e.g, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • the “3-8 membered heterocyclic group” includes, for example, "3-7 membered heterocyclic group”, “3-6 membered heterocyclic group”, “4-7 membered heterocyclic group”, “4-6 membered heterocyclic group” “6-8 membered heterocyclic group”, “5-7 membered heterocyclic group”, “5-6 membered heterocyclic group”, “3-8 membered oxygen-containing heterocyclic group”, “3-6 membered oxygenated group” Heterocyclic group”, “5-6 membered oxygen-containing heterocyclic group”, “5-6 membered saturated oxygen-containing heterocyclic group”, “3-8 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group”, “5-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group”
  • the cyclic group", the “5-6 membered saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group” and the like are preferably a "5-6 membered heterocyclic group”.
  • Specific examples include, but are not limited to, aziridine, 2H-azepine, diaziryl, 3H-diazapropenyl, azetidinyl, 1,4-dioxo Heterocyclohexane, 1,3-dioxanyl, 1,3-dioxolyl, 1,4-dioxadienyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydropyrrolyl , pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, 4,5-dihydroimidazolyl, pyrazolidinyl, 4,5-dihydropyrazolyl, 2,5-dihydrothienyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, 4,5 -dihydrothiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydropyridyl, piperidinone, tetrahydropyridinone, dihydropiperidinyl,
  • the "4-15 membered fused heterocyclic group" as used in the present invention refers to a group of 4 to 15 ring atoms (at least one of which is formed by two or more ring structures sharing two adjacent atoms with each other).
  • the ring atom is a cyclic structure of a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
  • a ring atom eg, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • oxo e.g, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • the "4-15 membered fused heterocyclic group” includes, for example, “4-12 membered fused heterocyclic group”, “4-10 membered fused heterocyclic group”, “5-10 membered fused heterocyclic group”, and “5-9 member” "Heteroheterocyclic group”, “6-11 membered fused heterocyclic group”, “7-9 membered fused heterocyclic group”, “9-10 membered fused heterocyclic group”, "4-15 membered nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic group” ", 4-10 yuan nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic group”, “5-12 yuan nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic group”, “5-10 yuan nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic group”, “6-10 yuan nitrogen-containing heterogeneous” "Cycloalkyl”, “7-9 membered nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic group”, and the like.
  • pyrrolidino-cyclopropyl cyclopentyl-azacyclopropyl
  • pyrrolidinocyclobutyl pyrrolidinopyrrolidinyl
  • pyrrolidinopiperidinyl pyrrole Alkylpiperazinyl
  • pyrrolidino-morpholinyl piperidinylmorpholinyl
  • benzopyrrolidinyl tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-c]pyridyl, 3,4-dihydroquinoline Oxazolinyl, 1,2-dihydroquinoxalinyl, benzo[d][1,3]dioxolyl, 1,3-dihydroisobenzofuranyl, 2H-chromogen Base, 2H-chromogen-2-one, 4H-chromenyl, 4H-chromen-4-one, chromanyl, 4H-1,3-benzoxazinyl, 4,6
  • the "5-15 membered spiroheterocyclyl group" as used in the present invention means a ring atom formed by sharing two ring atoms with two or more ring structures, wherein at least one ring atom is A saturated or partially saturated cyclic structure of a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
  • a ring atom eg, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • oxo e.g, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • the "5-15 membered spiroheterocyclyl” includes, for example, "5-11 membered spiroheterocyclyl", “6-11 membered spiroheterocyclyl”, “5-10 membered spiroheterocyclyl”, and "6-9 member”Spiroheterocyclyl”,”7-9 membered spiroheterocyclyl", “9-10 membered spiroheterocyclyl”, “7-9 membered saturated spiroheterocyclyl”, “5-15 membered nitrogen-containing spiro group”"5-10 yuan nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl", “7-11 yuan nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl”, “7-9-membered nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl", “7-9-membered saturated nitrogen-containing snail” Heterocyclic group” and the like.
  • the "5-10 membered spiroheterocyclyl group” means a specific example of 5 to 10 ring atoms in the 5-15 membered spiroheterocyclic group.
  • the "7-9 membered nitrogen-containing spiroheterocyclyl group” means a specific example in which a 5-15 membered spiroheterocyclyl group has 7 to 9 ring atoms, and at least one of the ring atoms is a nitrogen atom.
  • the "5-15 membered bridged heterocyclic group" as used in the present invention refers to a group of 5 to 15 ring atoms formed by two or more ring structures sharing two non-adjacent ring atoms with each other (wherein A saturated or partially saturated cyclic structure in which at least one ring atom is a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
  • a saturated or partially saturated cyclic structure in which at least one ring atom is a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
  • a ring atom eg, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • oxo e.g, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • the "5-15 membered bridged heterocyclic group” includes, for example, “5-10 membered bridged heterocyclic group", “6-11 membered bridged heterocyclic group”, “6-10 membered bridged heterocyclic group”, and “6-9 member” Bridged heterocyclic group", “7-10 membered bridged heterocyclic group”, “7-9 membered bridged heterocyclic group”, “7-9 membered saturated bridged heterocyclic group”, “5-15 membered nitrogen-containing bridged heterocyclic ring”"",”5-9 yuan nitrogen-containing bridge heterocyclic group”, “7-9 yuan nitrogen-containing bridge heterocyclic group”, “7-8 yuan nitrogen-containing bridge heterocyclic group”, “7-9 yuan saturated nitrogen-containing” Bridge heterocyclic group” and the like.
  • the "5-10 membered bridged heterocyclic group” means a specific example of 5 to 10 ring atoms in the 5-15 membered bridged heterocyclic group.
  • the "7-9 membered nitrogen-containing bridged heterocyclic group” means a specific example in which a 5-15 membered bridged heterocyclic group has 7 to 9 ring atoms, and at least one of the ring atoms is a nitrogen atom.
  • the "5-8 membered heteroaryl group” as used in the present invention means an aromatic monocyclic ring containing 5 to 8 ring atoms, at least one of which is a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
  • a cyclic group e.g, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • a ring atom eg, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • the "5-8 membered heteroaryl group” includes, for example, "5-7 membered heteroaryl group", "5-6 membered heteroaryl group” and the like.
  • the "5-15 membered heteroaryl group” as used in the present invention refers to a group of 5 to 15 ring atoms (at least one of which is formed by two or more ring structures sharing two adjacent atoms with each other).
  • the ring atom is an unsaturated aromatic ring structure of a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
  • a ring atom eg, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • oxo e.g, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom
  • the "5-15 membered fused heteroaryl group” includes, for example, “5-10 membered fused heteroaryl group", “7-10 membered fused heteroaryl group”, “9-10 membered fused heteroaryl group” and the like. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, benzofuranyl, benzisofuranyl, benzothienyl, fluorenyl, isodecyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, oxazolyl, benzotrien Azyl, quinolyl, 2-quinolinone, 4-quinolinone, 1-isoquinolinone, isoquinolyl, acridinyl, phenanthryl, benzoxazinyl, pyridazine A quinazolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a phenol sulfinyl group, an acridinyl group, a fluorenyl group, a naphthyridin
  • the "pharmaceutically acceptable salt” of the compound (a) of the present invention means an acidic functional group (e.g., -COOH, -OH, -SO 3 H, etc.) present in the compound (a) and a suitable inorganic or organic cation (base).
  • the salt formed includes a salt formed with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, an ammonium salt, and a salt formed with a nitrogen-containing organic base; and a basic functional group (for example, -NH 2 or the like) present in the compound (a) and an appropriate inorganic substance Or a salt formed by an organic anion (acid), including a salt formed with an inorganic acid or an organic acid such as a carboxylic acid or the like.
  • the "ester" of the compound (a) of the present invention means an ester which can be formed by esterification reaction with an alcohol when the compound (a) has a carboxyl group, and an organic acid, an inorganic acid or an organic acid when the compound (a) has a hydroxyl group.
  • An ester formed by an esterification reaction such as a salt. The ester can be hydrolyzed to form the corresponding acid or alcohol in the presence of an acid or a base.
  • the “stereoisomers” of the compounds of the invention are classified into conformational and conformational isomers, while the configurational isomerism is further divided into cis-trans isomerization and optical isomerization (enantiomeric).
  • Conformational isomerism refers to a stereoisomerism in which organic molecules of a certain configuration cause different arrangement of atoms or groups of molecules in space due to the rotation or distortion of carbon and carbon single bonds. Common alkanes and rings are common. The structure of an alkane compound, such as the chair conformation and the ship conformation that appear in the cyclohexane structure.
  • optical isomer means that when the compound of the invention contains one or more asymmetric centers, it can be used as a racemate and a racemic mixture, a single enantiomer, a non-pair A mixture of diatoms and a single diastereomer.
  • the compounds of the invention have asymmetric centers, each of which will independently produce two optical isomers, the scope of the invention including all possible optical isomers and mixtures of diastereomers and pure or partially Pure compound. If the compound of the present invention contains an olefinic double bond, the present invention includes a cis isomer and a trans isomer unless otherwise specified.
  • the compounds of the present invention may exist in tautomeric forms which have different hydrogen attachment points by displacement of one or more double bonds.
  • a ketone and its enol form are keto-enol tautomers.
  • Each tautomer and mixtures thereof are included in the compounds of the invention.
  • the bodies, mixtures thereof and the like are all claimed and are included in the scope of the invention.
  • solvent compound refers to a complex formed by the interaction of a compound (such as a cephalosporin antibiotic) with water or an organic solvent by non-covalent bonds; the organic solvent includes those understood by those skilled in the art. All kinds, such as alcohols, ethers, esters, aromatic hydrocarbons or aliphatic hydrocarbons.
  • complex refers to an aggregate having a certain (physiological, chemical) function or obvious (physicochemical) property, which is composed of a compound (such as a cephalosporin antibiotic) and another medicinal auxiliary molecule.
  • a compound such as a cephalosporin antibiotic
  • metabolite refers to a substance produced by metabolism of a compound (such as a cephalosporin antibiotic) in the body, which may have a higher biological activity than the original compound or may be lower than the biological activity of the original compound. It may also not be biologically active.
  • a compound such as a cephalosporin antibiotic
  • Formulation refers to a form in which the drug is formulated for clinical use, including but not limited to powders, tablets, granules, capsules, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, injections (including injections, Aseptic powder for injection and concentrated solution for injection), spray, aerosol, powder, lotion, tincture, ointment, plaster, paste, patch, gargle or suppository, more preferably powder , tablets, granules, capsules, solutions, injections, ointments, gargles or suppositories.
  • the "carrier” as used in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a filler, a diluent, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a surfactant, a preservative, a coloring agent, a flavoring agent, a fragrance, Effervescent agent, emulsifier, flocculant, deflocculating agent, bacteriostatic agent, solubilizing agent; for example: ion exchanger, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum protein such as human serum albumin, buffer substance such as phosphate , glycerin, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, a mixture of partially glycerides of saturated plant fatty acids, water, salt or electrolytes, such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, zinc salts, colloidal oxidation Silicon, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinylpyrrol
  • the "combination preparation” as used in the present invention means a preparation containing two or more main components, that is, a preparation in which several different classes of drugs are mixed.
  • the " ⁇ -lactamase” as used in the present invention means a protein capable of inactivating a ⁇ -lactam antibiotic.
  • the ⁇ -lactamase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ⁇ -lactam ring of the ⁇ -lactam antibiotic.
  • the present invention mainly relates to a microorganism ⁇ -lactamase, which can be classified into “class A”, “class B”, “class C”, and “class D” ⁇ -lactamase. See, in particular, the species of enzymes described in Waley, The Chemistry of ⁇ -lactamase, Page Ed., Chapman & Hall, London, (1992) 198-228.
  • the ⁇ -lactamases to which the present invention is directed include Psudomonas pyocyaneum, Citrobacter freundii or Eenterbacter cloacae, C-type ⁇ -lactamase; Bacteroides fragilis (CcrA) ), K. pneumoniae, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Bacillus cereus (Bc II) or B.
  • maltophilia (L1) a metal ⁇ -lactamase; a class A ⁇ -lactamase produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii or Enterobacter sinensis; Class D ⁇ -lactamase produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae or Escherichia coli.
  • ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor as used in the present invention means a compound capable of reducing or inhibiting ⁇ -lactamase activity.
  • the ⁇ -lactamase activity refers to the activity of the A, B, C and/or D ⁇ -lactamase.
  • a preferred effective half inhibition concentration is no greater than 100 ⁇ g/mL, or no greater than 50 ⁇ g/mL, or no greater than 25 ⁇ g/mL, preferably no greater than 8 ⁇ g/mL, more preferably no greater than 4 ⁇ g /mL.
  • antibiotic refers to a compound or composition that reduces the viability of microorganisms or inhibits the growth or proliferation of microorganisms.
  • inhibiting growth or proliferation means increasing the passage time by at least about 2 times (ie, bacterial cell division or The time required to double the population).
  • Preferred antibiotics are antibiotics that are capable of increasing the passage time by at least about 10 fold or more (e.g., in total cell death, at least about 100 fold or even infinite).
  • the antibiotics used in the present invention also include an antimicrobial agent, a bacteriostatic agent or a bactericide. Examples of antibiotics suitable for use in the present invention include cephalosporins.
  • an effective amount as used herein is meant an amount sufficient to achieve, or at least partially achieve, the desired effect.
  • an effective amount for preventing a disease means an amount sufficient to prevent, prevent or delay the occurrence of a disease (for example, a disease associated with a bacterial infection); and an effective amount for treating the disease means sufficient to cure Or at least partially arresting the patient's disease and the amount of its complications. Determination of such an effective amount is well within the abilities of those skilled in the art, as judged by clinical trial results, model animal infection studies, and/or in vitro assays.
  • a prophylactically effective amount is an amount that will effectively prevent bacterial infection.
  • “synergistic” or “synergistic effect” refers to the interaction of two or more drugs such that their combined effect is superior to their respective effects.
  • the "pharmaceutical product" according to the present invention which comprises two or more main components, such as the compound (a) of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an ester thereof, a solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof And the cephalosporin antibiotic or a derivative thereof, the two or more main components may be present separately, for example, separately packaged in a separate preparation, or mixed with each other, in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the pharmaceutical product of the present application has excellent antibacterial activity, effectively reduces the bacteriostatic concentration of the cephalosporin antibiotic, reduces the toxic side effects caused by the high dose of the drug, and is infectious to the cephalosporin-resistant bacteria.
  • the disease has excellent therapeutic effects;
  • the pharmaceutical product of the present application can effectively inhibit the activity of one or more ⁇ -lactamases, and can be used for treating diseases caused by drug-resistant bacterial infections caused by bacteria capable of producing ⁇ -lactamase, particularly Is caused by bacteria that produce B-type metal ⁇ -lactamase (such as Bacillus fragilis (CcrA), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli or Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Bacillus cereus (BcII) ) or a drug-resistant disease caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (L1), etc., reducing the longer stay, higher mortality, and more treatment caused by infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria cost;
  • B-type metal ⁇ -lactamase such as Bacillus fragilis (CcrA), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli or Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Bacillus cereus (Bc
  • the components of the pharmaceutical product of the present application have good pharmaceutical properties in pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics, such as Good in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effect, higher exposure, better bioavailability, and/or longer half-life, etc., and the pharmaceutical properties of each component can be well matched.
  • the pharmaceutical product of the present application has good clinical properties. Value;
  • the compound (a), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvent compound thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof can be treated as a ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor and/or an antibiotic.
  • the effect is synergistic with cephalosporin antibiotics.
  • it acts as a ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor it can inhibit all or part of ⁇ -lactamase, effectively increase the antibacterial concentration of cephalosporin antibiotics and enhance its pharmacodynamic activity; when it acts as an antibiotic, it has the ability to kill bacteria or inhibit The role of bacterial growth, which synergizes with cephalosporin antibiotics to enhance antibacterial activity.
  • the technical effects possessed by the compound (a), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an ester, a solvent compound, or a stereoisomer thereof may exist simultaneously or separately on different strains.
  • Trimethylsulfoxonium iodide 343.2 g, 1.56 mol was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (2300 mL), and potassium t-butoxide (156.9 g, 1.40 mol) was added portionwise and stirred at room temperature 1 hour.
  • 1-tert-Butyl 2-ethyl(S)-5-oxopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate 350 g, 1.36 mol
  • EtOAc EtOAc
  • tert-Butyl 6-oxo-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-2-carboxylate (4.22 g, 20 mmol) was added to methanol (30 mL), and the temperature was reduced to 0 ° C under nitrogen.
  • Sodium (1.52 g, 40 mmol) after the completion of the addition, the mixture was heated to 25 ° C for 1 hour, and the reaction was completed by LC-MS.
  • the reaction was quenched with water (1 mL), and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, water (100 mL) and ethyl acetate The mixture was combined with EtOAc (EtOAc m.
  • the title compound was prepared as an aqueous solution of 5 mg/ml, and the specific rotation of the title compound was determined to be -44 ⁇ -2 ° according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition four general rules 0621 optical rotation measurement method.
  • Diisopropylamine (10g, 98.82mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (250mL) were added to the reaction flask, and nitrogen gas was exchanged three times.
  • the system was added with n-butyl lithium (41 mL) at -30 ° C under nitrogen atmosphere. After the end of the feed, -30 ° C Reaction for 30 minutes.
  • Lithium tetrahydroaluminum (7.3 g, 192.4 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (500 mL) were added to the reaction flask under a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • 1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8,8-diyl)dimethanol 8 g, 39.56 mmol was dissolved in acetonitrile (160 mL).
  • trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride 24.6 g, 87.19 mmol
  • White title compound (4 g, yield 30%).
  • O-benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (10.5 g, 65.8 mmol) was added to a solution of ethyl acetate (120 mL) obtained in the previous step, ethyl acetate (80 mL) was added, and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C and stirred for 6 hours to react. Cool the solution to 25 ° C and add The mixture was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, and the organic layer was separated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to 100mL.
  • Methanesulfonic acid (12 mL, 0.185 mmol) was added to the previous step to give benzyl (S)-5-((benzyloxy)imino)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-6-chloro
  • the ethyl hexanoate solution (100 mL) was stirred and heated to about 40 ° C for 2 hours, the reaction solution was cooled to 0 ° C, and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (100 mL) was slowly added, and the mixture was heated to 50 ° C to stir the reaction 2 hour.
  • the organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (100 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. (9.2 g, yield 43.4%).
  • the benzyl (2S)-5-((benzyloxy)amino)piperidine-2-carboxylate solution (50 mL) obtained in the previous step was heated to 45 ° C, and methanol (20 mL) and oxalic acid (2.4 g) at 40 ° C were added.
  • the title compound was prepared as an aqueous solution of 5 mg/ml, and the specific rotation of the title compound was determined to be -46 ⁇ -2 ° according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition four general rules 0621 optical rotation measurement method.
  • tert-Butyl 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-6-ylcarbamate (900 mg, 4.24 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (30 mL) and acetaldehyde aqueous solution was added at 0 ° C (40% by mass) , 2.3 g, 52.21 mmol) and acetic acid (127 mg, 2.11 mmol).
  • Sodium cyanoborohydride (534 mg, 8.50 mmol) was added portionwise.
  • the crude reaction mixture was dissolved in dichloromethane (20 mL), and then acetic acid (0.2 mL) and triethylamine (710 mg, 7.0 mmol) were added at 25 ° C, and the reaction was stirred for 4.0 hr.
  • the crude product was purified byjjjjjlilililililili
  • tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate (340 mg, 1.0 mmol) was added to the aqueous phase.
  • dichloromethane 100 mL was added and the organic phase was separated.
  • EtOAc EtOAc m.
  • the crude product was dissolved in a mixed solvent of isobutanol and water (100:1, 10 mL), sodium isooctanoate (300 mg, 1.8 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C for 2 hours to precipitate a white solid. , two-step yield 9.4%).
  • Triazole (0.4 g, 3.0 mmol), triethylamine (0.9 g, 8.9 mmol) and 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbonyldiimide hydrochloride (0.7 g, 3.7 Methyl), the temperature was raised to 25 ° C for 16 hours. After completion of the reaction, water (50 mL) and dichloromethane (50 mL). The yield was 45.9%).
  • tert-butyl 6-((2S,5R)-6-hydroxy-7-oxo-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxamido) snail [3.3 ]heptan-2-yl)carbamate was dissolved in a mixed solution of isopropanol (20 mL) and water (20 mL), and trimethylammonium trioxide complex (0.2 g, 1.4 mmol) and triethyl
  • the amine (30 mg, 0.3 mmol) was reacted at 25 ° C for 16 hours. After completion of the reaction, water (50 mL) and ethyl acetate (100 mL) were added.
  • Di-tert-butyl 7-((2S,5R)-6-(benzyloxy)-7-oxo-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxamido) -3,9-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3,9-dicarboxylate 250 mg, 0.417 mmol was dissolved in a mixed solvent of isopropanol (4 mL) and water (4 mL).
  • Test strains The standard strains for the experimental enzyme production were purchased from ATCC, and the clinical isolate CRE strains were purchased from the Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University.
  • Test sample a salt of a part of the compound (a) or the compound (a), the chemical name and the preparation method are shown in the preparation examples of the respective compounds.
  • Control drug Avidabatan (AVI) sodium salt and MK-7655 were all prepared by Shandong Xuanzhu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., and the structural formula is as described in the background art.
  • agar dilution method refer to M100-S23: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Third Informational Supplement (Clinical And Laboratory Standards Institute, 2013), calculate minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration, Gg/mL).
  • ESBLs stands for "extensive broad spectrum ⁇ -lactamase; slash "/" means not determined.
  • Test sample a salt of a part of the compound (a) or the compound (a), the chemical name and the preparation method are shown in the preparation examples of the respective compounds.
  • Control drug Avidabatan (AVI) sodium salt and MK-7655 were all prepared by Shandong Xuanzhu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., and the structural formula is as described in the background art.
  • Nitrocefin (a cephalosporin antibiotic) is sensitive to most ⁇ -lactamases and undergoes a color change upon hydrolysis.
  • the rate of Nitrocefin hydrolysis was determined by recording the corresponding absorbance in the reaction system in real time.
  • the ⁇ -lactamase inhibitor inhibits the hydrolysis of Nitrocefin by the enzyme and reduces the rate of hydrolysis. By measuring reaction rates at different inhibitor concentrations in the same reaction system, to calculate the inhibitor IC 50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration).
  • Nitrocefin was dissolved in DMSO to a concentration of 2 mM and stored in aliquots at -20 °C.
  • the mother liquor of the purchased ⁇ -lactamase was 1 mg/mL, and the mother liquor was dissolved in 50% glycerol. Part of the mother liquor was diluted 1000 times in the reaction solution and stored at -20 ° C. 2.
  • the test compound was dissolved in DMSO to prepare a mother liquor having a concentration of 10 mM. If not used on the day, the mother liquor is stored at -20 °C.
  • the final concentrations tested were: 100 ⁇ M, 25 ⁇ M, 6.25 ⁇ M, 1.563 ⁇ M, 390.6 nM, 97.66 nM, 24.41 nM, 6.10 nM, 1.53 nM, 0.381 nM, 0.095 nM.
  • EDTA-Na 2 was always at a concentration of 20 mM as a control for the NDM-1 test).
  • the compound (a) or its salt has a good inhibitory effect on the ⁇ -lactamase, and is superior to or equivalent to the inhibitory activity of the reference drug avivatan (AVI) sodium salt or MK-7655. .
  • Test sample a salt of a part of the compound (a) or the compound (a), the chemical name and the preparation method are as described above.
  • Control drug Avibactam (AVI) sodium salt, purchased from Jinan Xinzheng Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.; MK-7655, homemade, refer to WO2009091856A2 (publication date 2009-07-23) preparation method; ceftazidime (ceftazidime , CAZ), purchased from Nanjing Shengli Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
  • Test strains The standard strains for the experimental enzyme production were purchased from ATCC, and the clinical isolate CRE strains were purchased from the Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University.
  • agar dilution method refer to M100-S23: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Third Informational Supplement (Clinical And Laboratory Standards Institute, 2013), the concentration of the immobilized compound, calculate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration) , ⁇ g/mL).
  • composition of the present invention has good antibacterial activity against the above-mentioned resistant bacteria caused by ⁇ -lactamase, and the inhibitory effect is superior to that of ceftazidime single component, apobate
  • the combination of (AVI) sodium salt and ceftazidime, and/or the combination of MK-7655 and ceftazidime, especially for the production of class B metalloenzymes, can reduce the effective concentration of ceftazidime by more than 1000 fold.
  • compositions of different ratios of the present invention have good antibacterial effects against ⁇ -lactamase-resistant bacteria, and are superior to ceftazidime single component and apobate (AVI).
  • the antibacterial effect of the combination of the sodium salt and ceftazidime, and/or the combination of MK-7655 and ceftazidime, especially for the B-type metalloenzyme-producing bacteria effectively reduces the effective concentration of ceftazidime.
  • the antibacterial effect is the best, that is, the lower the effective concentration of ceftazidime.
  • the composition of the present invention can be effectively used for a bacterial resistance disease caused by one or more ⁇ -lactamases; in particular, bacterial resistance caused by a B-type ⁇ -lactam metalloenzyme sexual diseases, the composition of the invention has good clinical application potential.
  • Test sample part of the compound of the present invention, its chemical name and preparation method are as described above; antibacterial agent: ceftazidime (CAZ), purchased from Nanjing Shengli Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
  • CAZ ceftazidime
  • Control drug Avibactam (AVI) sodium salt, purchased from Jinan Xinzheng Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.; MK-7655, homemade, refer to the preparation method of WO2009091856A2 (publication date 2009-07-23).
  • mice Female CD-1 (ICR) SPF grade mice weighing 25 ⁇ 2 g were used in the experiments. Two doses of cyclophosphamide were injected intraperitoneally: one was 4 days prior to the infection experiment (150 mg/kg) and the other was induced 1 day before the infection experiment (100 mg/kg) to induce neutropenia.
  • a bacterial suspension having a bacterial concentration of about 10 5 -10 7 cfu/mL was intramuscularly inoculated into the thighs of both sides of the neutrophil-reducing mice, and the inoculation volume per side was 0.1 mL.
  • the corresponding drug was dissolved in 5% glucose injection or 1% Na 2 CO 3 aqueous solution, vortexed and mixed to prepare a high concentration solution, and then sequentially diluted to other concentration solutions.
  • the two drug solutions are mixed and mixed according to 1:1 (V/V) before administration, and the specific concentration is as follows:
  • Thighs were harvested from all animals 24 hours after the start of treatment, and mice that failed to survive for 24 hours were harvested at the time of gas withdrawal. The harvest of all the study mice was sacrificed by cervical dislocation. After sacrifice, the thighs were removed, the leg bones were removed, and each leg muscle was homogenized in physiological saline alone.
  • the thigh muscles were homogenized for gradient dilution, and then the desired dilutions were plated on nutrient agar for CFU determination.
  • the results are shown in Table 17-19.
  • composition of the present invention has a significantly better inhibitory effect on ⁇ -lactamase-induced resistant bacteria than ceftazidime single component, compound single component, and/or apobate (AVI).
  • AVI apobate
  • the combination of the present invention is directed to a standard strain producing a class A ⁇ -lactamase (KPC, SHV), a broad-spectrum enzyme, and a clinical strain.
  • KPC ⁇ -lactamase
  • SHV broad-spectrum enzyme
  • the in vivo pharmacodynamic activity of the substance is superior to the ceftazidime single component, the compound single component, and/or the ceftazidime-abababatam sodium salt composition; wherein the in vivo pharmacodynamic activity of the ceftazidime + compound 2 is proportionally increased It is more advantageous to treat the infection caused by the above strain by the combination of 4:1 and above; the medicinal activity of ceftazidime + compound 6 in combination with 4:1 is weaker than that of the equivalent ratio of ceftazidime + compound 2, However, it is significantly better than the medicinal activity of ceftazidime alone.
  • the composition of the present invention having a pharmacodynamic activity superior to that of a ceftazidime single component, a compound single component, and/or a ceftazidime-abababatam sodium salt; wherein the ceftazidime + compound 2
  • the pharmacodynamic activity in vivo increases in a ratio-dependent manner and increases with the frequency of administration. It is more advantageous to treat the infection caused by the above strain with a combination of 4:1 and above; the drug of ceftazidime + compound 6 The activity is significantly better than the pharmacodynamic activity of ceftazidime alone.
  • the composition of the present invention is excellent in the pharmacological activity against the clinical strain of the class D ⁇ -lactamase (OXA) and the extended spectrum enzyme.
  • a composition of a ceftazidime single component, a compound single component, and/or a ceftazidime-abababatam sodium salt; wherein the combination of ceftazidime + compound 2 in a 2:1 ratio is more advantageous for treating the infection caused by the above strain.
  • compositions of the present invention address the problem of bacterial resistance caused by one or more beta-lactamases, particularly bacterial resistance caused by class B metalloenzymes.
  • Test sample Compound 6, the chemical name and preparation method are as described above; ceftazidime (CAZ) is provided by Shandong Xuanzhu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.
  • the two drug solutions are mixed and mixed at 1:1 (V/V) before administration, and then used.
  • the SPF Kunming mice with animal certification have a body weight of 18-22 g, half male and half female.
  • the concentration of 100% minimum lethal dose (MLD) is about 10 7 CFU/ml, that is, 2.0# Mai's turbidity liquid is diluted 5 times with 0.5% dry yeast solution as injection bacteria, and infected by intraperitoneal injection. Rat (0.5 ml / only).
  • Two model control groups (100% MLD and 1/10 MLD group) and one solvent group were set up for the test. Ten dose groups were administered. Kunming mice with a body weight of 18-22 g after fasting were randomly divided into groups of 8 rats, males and females, and the experimental animals were divided into 18 groups.
  • test animals were infected with the bacteria for 1 h and 4 h, and each was administered subcutaneously, and the volume of each mouse was 10 mL/kg. Observation of results
  • test model control group 100% MLD and 1/10 MLD group mortality were 100%, indicating that the test was successful, and the amount of infection was slightly larger.
  • the ED 50 of CAZ combined with compound 6 is 25.13/12.56 mg/kg.
  • the protective effect on infected mice is poor, only 12.5%, when the dose is administered.
  • the protective effect on infected mice can reach 100%.
  • the composition of the present invention significantly improved the survival rate of BAA-1705-induced sepsis mice, and reduced the effective concentration of ceftazidime, and had a good protective effect on infected mice.
  • the above test regimen and effect of the composition of the present invention on an animal can effectively guide the clinical trial protocol of the composition and predict the clinical trial effect.

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Abstract

本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体一种药物产品,其包含化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及至少一种头孢类抗生素或其衍生物,其中,所述化合物(a)具有式(I)所示的结构。本发明还涉及一种预防和/或治疗受试者中由细菌引起的感染性疾病的方法,包括给受试者施用预防和/或治疗有效量的化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及至少一种头孢类抗生素或其衍生物;优选地,所述细菌具有由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性。

Description

一种抗菌组合物及其用途 技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域。特别地,本发明涉及一种药物产品,特别涉及一种包含二氮杂双环辛酮化合物与头孢类抗生素的抗菌药物组合物,及其在预防和/或治疗细菌引起的感染性疾病中的用途。
背景技术
抗生素的快速发展在现代医疗史上具有重大意义。第一个成功应用到临床上的β-内酰胺类药物是青霉素G,其为后续β-内酰胺类抗生素的临床应用指明了方向。随着抗生素研发的逐渐深入,头孢类抗生素成为目前临床应用最为广泛的抗生素。但该类抗生素易被致病菌产生的β-内酰胺酶水解而产生日益严重的耐药性。解决耐药性的途径之一是采用β-内酰胺酶抑制剂,降低或抑制β-内酰胺酶的活性,恢复抗生素原有的抗菌活性和抗菌谱,提高其临床疗效。
依据分子结构中氨基酸序列差异,β-内酰胺酶主要分为两大类:一类是以丝氨酸为活性位点的A、C、D类,第二类是以金属离子(尤其是Zn2+离子)为活性位点的金属酶类。临床应用的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂有克拉维酸(Clavulanic acid)、舒巴坦(Sulbactam)和他唑巴坦(Tazobactam)。
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000001
克拉维酸、舒巴坦和他唑巴坦为青霉素结构类似物,为不可逆的“自杀性酶抑制剂”,维持作用时间均较短。克拉维酸的主要酶谱为部分A类β-内酰胺酶(例如CTX-M,TEM-1,SHV-1),而对于新产生的A类β-内酰胺酶(例如KPC)、B类金属酶(例如IMP,NDM-1,VIM)、C类酶(例如AmpC)或D类酶(例如OXA)等引发的耐药,联用效果均不佳。舒巴坦和他唑巴坦主要改善了部分C类(例如AmpC)、D类(例如OXA)等酶的抑制作用,但是对于新产生的A类β-内酰胺酶(例如KPC)和B类金属酶(例如IMP,NDM-1,VIM)依然没有很好的抑制活性。
目前,头孢类抗生素与β-内酰胺抑制剂的复方制剂中,头孢类抗生素主要选自第二、第三代头孢菌素,β-内酰胺酶抑制剂主要选自克拉维酸、舒巴坦和他唑巴坦等。
阿维巴坦(Avibactam,AVI)和MK-7655均为二氮杂双环辛酮化合物,结构如下所示。与克拉维酸、舒巴坦和他唑巴坦相比,阿维巴坦具有长效的酶抑制作用,且解决了部分由A类β-内酰胺酶(例如KPC)介导的耐药问题,但仍不能有效解决B类金属酶引起的耐药性,其临床应用受到限制。MK-7655的抗菌谱更广,但同样对产B类金属酶的菌株没有表现出良好的药效。
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000002
此外,阿维巴坦和MK-7655的半衰期(T1/2)较短,不能与抗生素的半衰期有效吻合,限制其在临床上应用。为此,筛选到T1/2更长、清除率更低、抗菌谱更广的酶抑制剂成为新的研究热点。
发明内容
山东轩竹医药科技有限公司自主研发的二氮杂双环辛酮类化合物(PCT/CN/2016/095837)具有较好的β-内酰胺酶抑制活性,且具有一定的抗菌作用,同时,其具有良好的药代动力学性质。利用新型的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和现有的头孢类抗生素联用,解决由B类金属酶介导的细菌耐药问题,具有非常迫切及现实的临床需求。
本发明要解决的技术问题之一,是解决由β-内酰胺酶引起的细菌耐药性问题,尤其是B类金属β-内酰胺酶引起的细菌耐药性问题。本申请提供了一种包含二氮杂双环辛酮化合物和头孢类抗生素的药物产品,其可用于预防和/或治疗细菌感染性疾病。
在一个方面,本申请提供了一种药物产品,其包含化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及至少一种头孢类抗生素或其衍生物,其中,所述化合物(a)具有式(I)所示的结构,
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000003
其中,
R1为-SO3M,-OSO3M,-SO2NH2,-PO3M,-OPO3M,-CH2CO2M,-CF2CO2M或-CF3
M选自H或药学上可接受的阳离子;
环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:5-15元桥环基,5-15元螺环基,5-15元桥杂环基或5-15元螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷基氨基或C1-6烷基羰基;
R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,羟基C1-6烷基,氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷氧基,卤代C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基氨基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基,C1-6烷基氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基,C1-6烷氧基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基酰氨基,C1-6烷基氨基羰基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基羰基,C1-6烷基亚磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基磺酰氨基,C1-6烷基磺酰氧基,C2-6烯基,C2-6炔基,3-8元环烷基,3-8元环烷基-C1-6烷基,6-8元芳基,6-15元稠芳基,4-15元稠环基,5-15元桥环基,5-15元螺环基,3-8元杂环基,3-8元杂环基-C1-6烷基,5-8元杂芳基,5-15元稠杂芳基,4-15元稠杂环基,5-15元桥杂环基或5-15元螺杂环基。
在某些实施方案中,R1为-SO3M。在某些实施方案中,R1为-OSO3M。在某些实施方案中,R1为-SO2NH2。在某些实施方案中,R1为-PO3M。在某些实施方案中,R1为-OPO3M。在某些实施方案中,R1为-CH2CO2M。在某些实施方案中,R1为-CF2CO2M或-CF3
在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的5-15元桥环基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的5-15元螺环基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的5-15元桥杂环基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的5-15元螺杂环基。
在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为卤素。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为氨基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为羧基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为羟基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为氰基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为卤代C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为C1-6烷氧基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为C1-6烷基氨基。在某些实施方案中,所述取代基为C1-6烷基羰基。
在某些实施方案中,R2为氢原子。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤素。在某些实施方案中,R2为氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为羧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为羟基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为羟基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为氨基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷 氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-6烷氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为二(C1-6烷基)氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基氨基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基羰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-6烷基羰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-6烷基羰基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基羰基氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷氧基羰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基羰基氧基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基酰氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基氨基羰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为二(C1-6烷基)氨基羰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基亚磺酰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基磺酰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基磺酰基C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基磺酰氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-6烷基磺酰氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C2-6烯基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C2-6炔基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-8元环烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-8元环烷基-C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为6-8元芳基。在某些实施方案中,R2为6-15元稠芳基。在某些实施方案中,R2为4-15元稠环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-15元桥环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-15元螺环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-8元杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-8元杂环基-C1-6烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-8元杂芳基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-15元稠杂芳基。在某些实施方案中,R2为4-15元稠杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-15元桥杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-15元螺杂环基。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)具有式(II)所示的结构,
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000004
其中,R1、R2、环A的定义如上所述。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)具有式(III)所示的结构,
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000005
其中,
环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:5-15元螺环基,5-15元含氮桥杂环基或5-15元含氮螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷基氨基或C1-6烷基羰基;
R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,羟基C1-6烷基,氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷氧基,卤代C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基氨基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基,C1-6烷基氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基,C1-6烷氧基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基酰氨基,C1-6烷基氨基羰基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基羰基,C1-6烷基亚磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基磺酰氨基,C1-6烷基磺酰氧基,C2-6烯基,C2-6炔基,3-8元环烷基,3-8元环烷基-C1-6烷基,4-10元稠环基,5-10元桥环基,5-10元螺环基,3-8元杂环基,3-8元杂环基-C1-6烷基,4-10元稠杂环基,5-10元桥杂环基或5-10元螺杂环基;
M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,钙离子,镁离子,锌离子,铵根离子,或四(C1-6烷基)季铵离子。
在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的5-15元含氮桥杂环基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的5-15元含氮螺杂环基。
在某些实施方案中,R2为4-10元稠环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-10元桥环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-10元螺环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为4-10元稠杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-10元桥杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为5-10元螺杂环基。
在某些实施方案中,M为H。在某些实施方案中,M为钠离子。在某些实施方案中,M为钾离子。在某些实施方案中,M为钙离子。在某些实施方案中,M为镁离子。在某些实施方案中,M为锌离子。在某些实施方案中,M为铵根离子。在某些实施方案中,M为四(C1-6烷基)季铵离子。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)中,
环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:7-9元螺环基,7-9元含氮桥杂环基或7-9元含氮螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基或C1-6烷氧基;
R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,羟基C1-6烷基, 氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,卤代C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷基氨基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基,C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基,C1-6烷基酰氨基,C1-6烷基亚磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰氨基,3-8元环烷基,3-8元环烷基-C1-6烷基,3-8元杂环基,3-8元杂环基-C1-6烷基,5-9元稠杂环基,6-9元桥杂环基或6-9元螺杂环基;
M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,锌离子或四丁基铵离子。
在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的7-9元螺环基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的7-9元含氮桥杂环基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的7-9元含氮螺杂环基。
在某些实施方案中,R2为5-9元稠杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为6-9元桥杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为6-9元螺杂环基。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)中,
环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:7-9元螺环基,7-9元含氮桥杂环基或7-9元含氮螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-4烷基,卤代C1-4烷基或C1-4烷氧基;
R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-4烷基,卤代C1-4烷基,羟基C1-4烷基,氨基C1-4烷基,C1-4烷氧基,卤代C1-4烷氧基,C1-4烷基氨基,二(C1-4烷基)氨基,C1-4烷基羰基,卤代C1-4烷基羰基,C1-4烷基羰基氧基,C1-4烷基酰氨基,C1-4烷基亚磺酰基,C1-4烷基磺酰基,C1-4烷基磺酰氨基,3-6元环烷基,3-6元环烷基-C1-4烷基,3-6元杂环基,3-6元杂环基-C1-4烷基;
M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,锌离子或四丁基铵离子。
在某些实施方案中,所述环A通过环碳原子与化合物(a)中酰胺基团的氮原子相连接。
在某些实施方案中,环A中的取代基为C1-4烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A中的取代基为卤代C1-4烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A中的取代基为C1-4烷氧基。
在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-4烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为羟基C1-4烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为氨基C1-4烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-4烷氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为二(C1-4烷基)氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基羰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为卤代C1-4烷基羰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基羰基氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基酰氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基亚磺酰 基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基磺酰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为C1-4烷基磺酰氨基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-6元环烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-6元环烷基-C1-4烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-6元杂环基。在某些实施方案中,R2为3-6元杂环基-C1-4烷基。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)中,
环A选自任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,7-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,2-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,2-氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷基,2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,3,8-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,2-氧杂-5-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,8-氧杂-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,3,8-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-6-烯基,3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基,5-氮杂螺[2.4]庚烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基,7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基,2,6-二氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,6-氧杂-2-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基,6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基,2-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷基,2-氧杂-7-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷基,6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛-7-烯基,2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛-7-烯基,2-氮杂螺[4.4]壬-7-烯基或螺[3.3]庚烷基,所述取代基选自氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基或丙基;
R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,四氢呋喃基,哌啶基或吗啉基。
在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的7-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的3,8-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氧杂-5-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的8-氧杂-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的3,8-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-6-烯基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的5-氮杂螺[2.4]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被 取代基取代的7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2,6-二氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的6-氧杂-2-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氧杂-7-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛-7-烯基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛-7-烯基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂螺[4.4]壬-7-烯基。在某些实施方案中,环A为任选被取代基取代的螺[3.3]庚烷基。
在某些实施方案中,R2为氟原子。在某些实施方案中,R2为氯原子。在某些实施方案中,R2为甲基。在某些实施方案中,R2为乙基。在某些实施方案中,R2为丁基。在某些实施方案中,R2为三氟甲基。在某些实施方案中,R2为甲氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为三氟甲氧基。在某些实施方案中,R2为乙酰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为甲磺酰基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环丙基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环丙基甲基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环丁基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环丁基甲基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环戊基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环戊基甲基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环己基。在某些实施方案中,R2为环己基甲基。在某些实施方案中,R2为吡咯烷基。在某些实施方案中,R2为四氢呋喃基。在某些实施方案中,R2为哌啶基。在某些实施方案中,R2为吗啉基。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)中,
环A选自任选被取代基取代的3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基,7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基或螺[3.3]庚烷基;
R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,哌啶基或吗啉基。
在某些实施方案中,R2选自氢原子,氨基,甲基,乙基,丁基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基或环丙基甲基。
在某些实施方案中,M选自H,钠离子,钾离子。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)中,
环A选自任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,所述取代基选自氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基或丙基;
R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,哌啶基或吗啉基。
在某些实施方案中,R2选自氢原子,氨基,甲基,乙基,丁基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基或环丙基甲基。
在某些实施方案中,M选自H,钠离子,钾离子。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)具有式(IV)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000006
其中,R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,哌啶基或吗啉基;
M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,锌离子或四丁基铵离子。
在某些实施方案中,R2选自氢原子,氨基,甲基,乙基,丁基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基或环丙基甲基。
在某些实施方案中,M选自H,钠离子,钾离子。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)选自下述化合物1至化合物15-2:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000009
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)选自
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000011
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺, 头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯,头孢吡普或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟,头孢唑兰或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素的衍生物选自所述头孢类抗生素的酯、药学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、前药、溶剂化合物、复合物或代谢物。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物产品中,化合物(a)为
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000012
所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯,头孢吡普或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟,头孢唑兰或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物产品中,化合物(a)为
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000013
所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯,头孢吡普或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟,头孢唑兰或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,所述组合物中,化合物(a)为
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000014
所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯,头孢吡普或其任意组 合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟,头孢唑兰或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物产品中,化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体和所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物以预防和/或治疗有效量或单位剂量存在。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与头孢类抗生素或其衍生物的重量比为:0.5~50:0.5~50,例如0.5~10:0.5~50、10~20:0.5~50、20~30:0.5~50、30~40:0.5~50、40~50:0.5~50、0.5~50:0.5~10、0.5~50:10~20、0.5~50:20~30、0.5~50:30~40、0.5~50:40~50、0.5~10:0.5~10、10~20:10~20、0.5~20:0.5~20、20~30:20~30、30~40:30~40、40~50:40~50、1~10:1~10、1~10:1~20、1~20:1~10、1:0.5~50、1:1~32、1:0.5~16、1:1~20、0.5~20:1或0.5~16:1;例如0.5:0.5、0.5:1、0.5:1.5、0.5:2、0.5:2.5、0.5:3、0.5:3.5、0.5:4、0.5:4.5、0.5:5、0.5:5.5、0.5:6、0.5:6.5、0.5:7、0.5:7.5、0.5:8、0.5:8.5、0.5:9、0.5:9.5、0.5:10、0.5:10.5、0.5:11、0.5:11.5、0.5:12、0.5:12.5、0.5:13、0.5:13.5、0.5:14、0.5:14.5、0.5:15、0.5:15.5、0.5:16、0.5:16.5、0.5:17、0.5:17.5、0.5:18、0.5:18.5、0.5:19、0.5:19.5、0.5:20、0.5:20.5、0.5:21、0.5:21.5、0.5:22、0.5:22.5、0.5:23、0.5:23.5、0.5:24、0.5:24.5、0.5:25、0.5:25.5、0.5:26、0.5:26.5、0.5:27、0.5:27.5、0.5:28、0.5:28.5、0.5:29、0.5:29.5、0.5:30、0.5:30.5、0.5:31、0.5:31.5、0.5:32、0.5:32.5、0.5:33、0.5:33.5、0.5:34、0.5:34.5、0.5:35、0.5:35.5、0.5:36、0.5:36.5、0.5:37、0.5:37.5、0.5:38、0.5:38.5、0.5:39、0.5:39.5、0.5:40、0.5:40.5、0.5:41、0.5:41.5、0.5:42、0.5:42.5、0.5:43、0.5:43.5、0.5:44、0.5:44.5、0.5:45、0.5:45.5、0.5:46、0.5:46.5、0.5:47、0.5:47.5、0.5:48、0.5:48.5、0.5:49、0.5:50、1:0.5、1.5:0.5、2:0.5、2.5:0.5、3:0.5、3.5:0.5、4:0.5、4.5:0.5、5:0.5、5.5:0.5、6:0.5、6.5:0.5、7:0.5、7.5:0.5、8:0.5、8.5:0.5、9:0.5、9.5:0.5、10:0.5、10.5:0.5、11:0.5、11.5:0.5、12:0.5、12.5:0.5、13:0.5、13.5:0.5、14:0.5、14.5:0.5、15:0.5、15.5:0.5、16:0.5、16.5:0.5、17:0.5、17.5:0.5、18:0.5、18.5:0.5、19:0.5、19.5:0.5、20:0.5、20.5:0.5、21:0.5、21.5:0.5、22:0.5、22.5:0.5、23:0.5、23.5:0.5、24:0.5、24.5:0.5、25:0.5、25.5:0.5、26:0.5、26.5:0.5、27:0.5、27.5:0.5、28:0.5、28.5:0.5、29:0.5、29.5:0.5、30:0.5、30.5:0.5、31:0.5、31.5:0.5、32:0.5、32.5:0.5、33:0.5、33.5:0.5、34:0.5、34.5:0.5、35:0.5、35.5:0.5、36:0.5、36.5:0.5、37:0.5、37.5:0.5、38:0.5、38.5:0.5、39:0.5、39.5:0.5、40:0.5、40.5:0.5、41:0.5、41.5:0.5、42:0.5、42.5:0.5、43:0.5、43.5:0.5、44:0.5、44.5:0.5、45:0.5、45.5:0.5、46:0.5、46.5:0.5、47:0.5、47.5:0.5、48:0.5、48.5:0.5、49:0.5、 49.5:0.5或50:0.5。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物产品中,每1克头孢类抗生素,化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体以0.02g~50g(例如0.02g~0.1g、0.1g~10g、0.125g~8g、0.25g~4g、0.5g~2g、1g~2g、1g~10g、10g~20g、20g~30g、30g~40g、或40g~50g,例如0.02g、0.03g、0.04g、0.05g、0.06g、0.07g、0.08g、0.09g、0.1g、0.11g、0.12g、0.13g、0.14g、0.15g、0.16g、0.17g、0.18g、0.19g、0.2g、0.21g、0.22g、0.23g、0.24g、0.25g、0.26g、0.27g、0.28g、0.29g、0.3g、0.31g、0.32g、0.33g、0.34g、0.35g、0.36g、0.37g、0.38g、0.39g、0.4g、0.41g、0.42g、0.43g、0.44g、0.45g、0.46g、0.47g、0.48g、0.49g、0.5g、0.51g、0.52g、0.53g、0.54g、0.55g、0.56g、0.57g、0.58g、0.59g、0.6g、0.61g、0.62g、0.63g、0.64g、0.65g、0.66g、0.67g、0.68g、0.69g、0.7g、0.71g、0.72g、0.73g、0.74g、0.75g、0.76g、0.77g、0.78g、0.79g、0.8g、0.81g、0.82g、0.83g、0.84g、0.85g、0.86g、0.87g、0.88g、0.89g、0.9g、0.91g、0.92g、0.93g、0.94g、0.95g、0.96g、0.97g、0.98g、0.99g、1g、2g、3g、4g、5g、6g、7g、8g、9g、10g、11g、12g、13g、14g、15g、16g、17g、18g、19g、20g、21g、22g、23g、24g、25g、26g、27g、28g、29g、30g、31g、32g、33g、34g、35g、36g、37g、38g、39g、40g、41g、42g、43g、44g、45g、46g、47g、48g、49g或50g)的量存在。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物产品包含:
(1)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(2)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(3)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(4)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(5)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(6)2g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(7)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(8)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(9)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(10)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(11)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(12)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(13)0.015625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(14)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(15)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(16)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(17)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(18)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶)。
任选地,所述药物产品还包括一种或多种治疗活性剂,所述治疗活性剂选自抗细菌剂、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂、抗厌氧菌剂、抗真菌剂、抗炎剂、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂、脂氧合酶抑制剂、细胞因子拮抗剂、免疫抑制剂、抗癌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞因子、生长因子、免疫调节剂、前列腺素、抗血管过度增殖化合物或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述抗细菌剂选自妥布霉素、左氧氟沙星、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素、替吉环素或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶抑制剂选自克拉维酸、他唑巴坦、舒巴坦或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述抗厌氧菌剂为甲硝唑,所述抗真菌剂为粘菌素。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物和任选的治疗活性剂分开存在于所述药物产品中,例如存在于不同的制剂中。在某些实施方案中,所述不同的制剂具有相同或不同的剂型。,在某些实施方案中,所述的剂型选自散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、乳剂、混悬剂、注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、粉雾剂、洗剂、搽剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、糊剂、贴剂、含漱剂或栓剂。在某些实施方案中,所述不同的制剂各自包含一种活性成分。例如,所述药物产品包含第一制剂和第二制剂,所述第一制剂的活性成分为所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,所述第二制剂的活性成分为所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物。例如,所述药物产品包含第一制剂、第二制剂和第三组制剂,所述第一制剂的活性成分为所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,所述第二制剂的活性成分为所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物,所述第三制剂的活性成分为所述治疗活性剂。在某些实施方案中,所述制剂可以以任何合适的给药方式,例如口服、肠胃外、直肠、经肺或局部给药等方式施用于需要预防和/或治疗的患者或受试者。当用于口服给药时,所述制剂为口服制剂,例如口服固体制剂,如片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、颗粒剂等;或,口服液体制剂,如口服溶液剂、口服混悬剂、糖浆剂等。所述口服制剂还可包含适宜的填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、润滑剂等。当用于肠胃外给药时,所述所述制剂可以为注射剂,包括注射液、注射用无菌粉末与注射用浓溶液。对于注射剂,可采用现有制药领域中的常规方法来进行生产。当配制注射剂时,所述制剂中可以不加入附加剂,也可根据药物的性质加入适宜的附加剂。当用于直肠给药时,所述制剂可以为栓剂等。用于经肺给药时,所述制剂可以为吸入剂或喷雾剂等。在本申请中,优选的给药方式为静脉给药、肌肉给药或口服给药。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体和所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物以药物组合物的形式存在于所述药物产品中。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与所述治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式存在于所述药物产品中。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与所述治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式存在于所述药物产品中。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与所述治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式存在于所述药物产品中。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物被制成药学上可接受的任一剂型,例如散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、乳剂、混悬剂、注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、粉雾剂、洗剂、搽剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、糊剂、贴剂、含漱剂或栓剂,例如散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、注射剂、软膏剂、含漱剂或栓剂。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物可以以任何合适的给药方式,例如口服、肠胃外、直肠、经肺或局部给药等方式施用于需要预防和/或治疗的患者或受试者。当用于口服给药时,所述药物组合物可制成口服制剂,例如口服固体制剂,如片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、颗粒剂等;或,口服液体制剂,如口服溶液剂、口服混悬剂、糖浆剂等。当制成口服制剂时,所述药物组合物还可包含适宜的填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、润滑剂等。当用于肠胃外给药时,所述药物组合物可制成注射剂,包括注射液、注射用无菌粉末与注射用浓溶液。当制成注射剂时,所述药物组合物可采用现有制药领域中的常规方法来进行生产。当配制注射剂时,所述药物组合物中可以不加入附加剂,也可根据药物的性质加入适宜的附加剂。当用于直肠给药时,所述药物组合物可制成栓剂等。用于经肺给药时,所述药物组合物可制成吸入剂或喷雾剂等。在本申请中,优选的给药方式为静脉给药、肌肉给药或口服给药。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物产品还包括一种或多种药用载体。
在一个方面,本申请涉及如上定义的化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体和头孢类抗生素或其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗受试者中由细菌引起的感染性疾病的药物产品中的用途。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌具有由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:A类β-内酰胺酶、B类金属β-内酰胺酶、C类β-内酰胺酶、D类β-内酰胺酶或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶为B类金属β-内酰胺酶。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:CTX-M、TEM、SHV、KPC、NDM、IMP、VIM、AmpC、OXA、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌选自革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌为革兰氏阴性菌。
在某些实施方案中,所述革兰氏阳性菌选自:金黄葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、肠球菌、艰难梭菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述革兰氏阴性菌选自:枸橼酸杆菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠 杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、志贺式杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、黏膜炎莫拉菌、淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、淋病奈瑟氏菌、不动杆菌属、伯克氏菌属、弯曲杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、霍乱弧菌、克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、鸟复合分枝杆菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、肺炎嗜衣原体、沙眼衣原体、流感嗜血杆菌、化脓性链球菌、β-溶血性链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、脆弱拟杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述由细菌引起的感染性疾病选自:上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染、复杂性尿道感染和其他尿道感染、中枢神经系统感染、耳部感染、胸膜肺和支气管感染、肺结核、并发或非并发的尿道感染、腹腔内感染、心血管感染、血流感染、败血症、菌血症、CNS感染、皮肤或软组织感染、GI感染、骨与关节感染、生殖器感染、眼部感染、肉芽肿感染、并发或非并发的皮肤和皮肤结构感染、导管感染、咽炎、窦炎、外耳炎、中耳炎、支气管炎、脓胸、肺炎、社区获得性细菌性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎、医院获得性细菌性肺炎、呼吸器相关性肺炎、糖尿病足感染、万古霉素抗性肠球菌感染、膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎、肾结石、前列腺炎、腹膜炎、复杂性腹腔内感染和其他腹膜内感染、透析相关性腹膜炎、内脏脓肿、心内膜炎、心肌炎、心包炎、输注相关败血症、脑膜炎、脑炎、脑脓肿、骨髓炎、关节炎、生殖器溃疡、尿道炎、阴道炎、子宫颈炎、牙龈炎、结膜炎、角膜炎、眼内炎、囊性纤维化患者中的感染、热性嗜中性粒细胞减少患者的感染或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述受试者为哺乳动物,例如牛科动物、马科动物、羊科动物、猪科动物、犬科动物、猫科动物、啮齿类动物、灵长类动物;其中,特别优选的受试者为人。
在一个方面,本申请涉及如上所述的药物产品,其用于预防和/或治疗受试者中由细菌引起的感染性疾病。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌具有由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:A类β-内酰胺酶、B类金属β-内酰胺酶、C类β-内酰胺酶、D类β-内酰胺酶或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶为B类金属β-内酰胺酶。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:CTX-M、TEM、SHV、KPC、NDM、IMP、VIM、AmpC、OXA、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌选自革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌为革兰氏阴性菌。
在某些实施方案中,所述革兰氏阳性菌选自:金黄葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、肠球菌、艰难梭菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述革兰氏阴性菌选自:枸橼酸杆菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、志贺式杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、黏膜炎莫拉菌、淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、淋病奈瑟氏菌、不动杆菌属、伯克氏菌属、弯曲杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、霍乱弧菌、克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、鸟复合分枝杆菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、肺炎嗜衣原体、沙眼衣原体、流感嗜血杆菌、化脓性链球菌、β-溶血性链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、脆弱拟杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述由细菌引起的感染性疾病选自:上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染、复杂性尿道感染和其他尿道感染、中枢神经系统感染、耳部感染、胸膜肺和支气管感染、肺结核、并发或非并发的尿道感染、腹腔内感染、心血管感染、血流感染、败血症、菌血症、CNS感染、皮肤或软组织感染、GI感染、骨与关节感染、生殖器感染、眼部感染、肉芽肿感染、并发或非并发的皮肤和皮肤结构感染、导管感染、咽炎、窦炎、外耳炎、中耳炎、支气管炎、脓胸、肺炎、社区获得性细菌性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎、医院获得性细菌性肺炎、呼吸器相关性肺炎、糖尿病足感染、万古霉素抗性肠球菌感染、膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎、肾结石、前列腺炎、腹膜炎、复杂性腹腔内感染和其他腹膜内感染、透析相关性腹膜炎、内脏脓肿、心内膜炎、心肌炎、心包炎、输注相关败血症、脑膜炎、脑炎、脑脓肿、骨髓炎、关节炎、生殖器溃疡、尿道炎、阴道炎、子宫颈炎、牙龈炎、结膜炎、角膜炎、眼内炎、囊性纤维化患者中的感染、热性嗜中性粒细胞减少患者的感染或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述受试者为哺乳动物,例如牛科动物、马科动物、羊科动物、猪科动物、犬科动物、猫科动物、啮齿类动物、灵长类动物;其中,特别优选的受试者为人。
在一个方面,本申请涉及一种预防和/或治疗受试者中由细菌引起的感染性疾病的方法,包括给受试者施用预防和/或治疗有效量的如上定义的化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及至少一种头孢类抗生素或其衍生物。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌具有由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:A类β-内酰胺酶、B类金属β-内酰胺酶、C类β-内酰胺酶、D类β-内酰胺酶或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶为B类金属β-内酰胺酶。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:CTX-M、TEM、SHV、KPC、NDM、IMP、VIM、AmpC、OXA、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌选自革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述细菌为革兰氏阴性菌。
在某些实施方案中,所述革兰氏阳性菌选自:金黄葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、肠球菌、艰难梭菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述革兰氏阴性菌选自:枸橼酸杆菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、志贺式杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、黏膜炎莫拉菌、淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、淋病奈瑟氏菌、不动杆菌属、伯克氏菌属、弯曲杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、霍乱弧菌、克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、鸟复合分枝杆菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、肺炎嗜衣原体、沙眼衣原体、流感嗜血杆菌、化脓性链球菌、β-溶血性链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、脆弱拟杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯菌或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述由细菌引起的感染性疾病选自:上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染、复杂性尿道感染和其他尿道感染、中枢神经系统感染、耳部感染、胸膜肺和支气管感染、肺结核、并发或非并发的尿道感染、腹腔内感染、心血管感染、血流感染、败血症、菌血症、CNS感染、皮肤或软组织感染、GI感染、骨与关节感染、生殖器感染、眼部感染、肉芽肿感染、并发或非并发的皮肤和皮肤结构感染、导管感染、咽炎、窦炎、外耳炎、中耳炎、支气管炎、脓胸、肺炎、社区获得性细菌性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎、医院获得性细菌性肺炎、呼吸器相关性肺炎、糖尿病足感染、万古霉素抗性肠球菌感染、膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎、肾结石、前列腺炎、腹膜炎、复杂性腹腔内感染和其他腹膜内感染、透析相关性腹膜炎、内脏脓肿、心内膜炎、心肌炎、心包炎、输注相关败血症、脑膜炎、脑炎、脑脓肿、骨髓炎、关节炎、生殖器溃疡、尿道炎、阴道炎、子宫颈炎、牙龈炎、结膜炎、角膜炎、眼内炎、囊性纤维化患者中的感染、热性嗜中性粒细胞减少患者的感染或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)选自
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000016
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯、头孢吡普或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟,头孢唑兰或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素的衍生物选自所述头孢类抗生素的酯、药学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、前药、溶剂化合物、复合物或代谢物。
在某些实施方案中,化合物(a)为
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000017
所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯、头孢吡普或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟、头孢唑兰或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,化合物(a)为
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000018
所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯、头孢吡普或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟、头孢唑兰或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,化合物(a)为
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000019
所述头孢类抗 生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯、头孢吡普或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟、头孢唑兰或其任意组合。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶。
在某些实施方案中,给受试者施用的所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与头孢类抗生素或其衍生物的重量比为:0.5~50:0.5~50,例如0.5~10:0.5~50、10~20:0.5~50、20~30:0.5~50、30~40:0.5~50、40~50:0.5~50、0.5~50:0.5~10、0.5~50:10~20、0.5~50:20~30、0.5~50:30~40、0.5~50:40~50、0.5~10:0.5~10、10~20:10~20、0.5~20:0.5~20、20~30:20~30、30~40:30~40、40~50:40~50、1~10:1~10、1~10:1~20、1~20:1~10、1:0.5~50、1:1~32、1:0.5~16、1:1~20、0.5~20:1或0.5~16:1;例如0.5:0.5、0.5:1、0.5:1.5、0.5:2、0.5:2.5、0.5:3、0.5:3.5、0.5:4、0.5:4.5、0.5:5、0.5:5.5、0.5:6、0.5:6.5、0.5:7、0.5:7.5、0.5:8、0.5:8.5、0.5:9、0.5:9.5、0.5:10、0.5:10.5、0.5:11、0.5:11.5、0.5:12、0.5:12.5、0.5:13、0.5:13.5、0.5:14、0.5:14.5、0.5:15、0.5:15.5、0.5:16、0.5:16.5、0.5:17、0.5:17.5、0.5:18、0.5:18.5、0.5:19、0.5:19.5、0.5:20、0.5:20.5、0.5:21、0.5:21.5、0.5:22、0.5:22.5、0.5:23、0.5:23.5、0.5:24、0.5:24.5、0.5:25、0.5:25.5、0.5:26、0.5:26.5、0.5:27、0.5:27.5、0.5:28、0.5:28.5、0.5:29、0.5:29.5、0.5:30、0.5:30.5、0.5:31、0.5:31.5、0.5:32、0.5:32.5、0.5:33、0.5:33.5、0.5:34、0.5:34.5、0.5:35、0.5:35.5、0.5:36、0.5:36.5、0.5:37、0.5:37.5、0.5:38、0.5:38.5、0.5:39、0.5:39.5、0.5:40、0.5:40.5、0.5:41、0.5:41.5、0.5:42、0.5:42.5、0.5:43、0.5:43.5、0.5:44、0.5:44.5、0.5:45、0.5:45.5、0.5:46、0.5:46.5、0.5:47、0.5:47.5、0.5:48、0.5:48.5、0.5:49、0.5:50、1:0.5、1.5:0.5、2:0.5、2.5:0.5、3:0.5、3.5:0.5、4:0.5、4.5:0.5、5:0.5、5.5:0.5、6:0.5、6.5:0.5、7:0.5、7.5:0.5、8:0.5、8.5:0.5、9:0.5、9.5:0.5、10:0.5、10.5:0.5、11:0.5、11.5:0.5、12:0.5、12.5:0.5、13:0.5、13.5:0.5、14:0.5、14.5:0.5、15:0.5、15.5:0.5、16:0.5、16.5:0.5、17:0.5、17.5:0.5、18:0.5、18.5:0.5、19:0.5、19.5:0.5、20:0.5、20.5:0.5、21:0.5、21.5:0.5、22:0.5、22.5:0.5、23:0.5、23.5:0.5、24:0.5、24.5:0.5、25:0.5、25.5:0.5、26:0.5、26.5:0.5、27:0.5、27.5:0.5、28:0.5、28.5:0.5、29:0.5、29.5:0.5、30:0.5、30.5:0.5、31:0.5、31.5:0.5、32:0.5、32.5:0.5、33:0.5、33.5:0.5、34:0.5、34.5:0.5、35:0.5、35.5:0.5、36:0.5、36.5:0.5、37:0.5、37.5:0.5、38:0.5、38.5:0.5、39:0.5、39.5:0.5、40:0.5、40.5:0.5、41:0.5、41.5:0.5、42:0.5、42.5:0.5、43:0.5、43.5:0.5、44:0.5、44.5:0.5、45:0.5、45.5:0.5、46:0.5、46.5:0.5、47:0.5、47.5:0.5、48:0.5、48.5:0.5、49:0.5、49.5:0.5或50:0.5。
在某些实施方案中,所述方法包括:每施用1克头孢类抗生素或其衍生物,将化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体以0.02g~50g(例如0.02g~0.1g、0.1g~10g、0.125g~8g、0.25g~4g、0.5g~2g、1g~2g、1g~10g、10g~20g、20g~30g、30g~40g、或40g~50g,例如0.02g、0.03g、0.04g、0.05g、0.06g、0.07g、0.08g、0.09g、0.1g、0.11g、0.12g、0.13g、0.14g、0.15g、0.16g、0.17g、0.18g、0.19g、0.2g、0.21g、0.22g、0.23g、0.24g、0.25g、0.26g、0.27g、0.28g、0.29g、0.3g、0.31g、0.32g、0.33g、0.34g、0.35g、0.36g、0.37g、0.38g、0.39g、0.4g、0.41g、0.42g、0.43g、0.44g、0.45g、0.46g、0.47g、0.48g、0.49g、0.5g、0.51g、0.52g、0.53g、0.54g、0.55g、0.56g、0.57g、0.58g、0.59g、0.6g、0.61g、0.62g、0.63g、0.64g、0.65g、0.66g、0.67g、0.68g、0.69g、0.7g、0.71g、0.72g、0.73g、0.74g、0.75g、0.76g、0.77g、0.78g、0.79g、0.8g、0.81g、0.82g、0.83g、0.84g、0.85g、0.86g、0.87g、0.88g、0.89g、0.9g、0.91g、0.92g、0.93g、0.94g、0.95g、0.96g、0.97g、0.98g、0.99g、1g、2g、3g、4g、5g、6g、7g、8g、9g、10g、11g、12g、13g、14g、15g、16g、17g、18g、19g、20g、21g、22g、23g、24g、25g、26g、27g、28g、29g、30g、31g、32g、33g、34g、35g、36g、37g、38g、39g、40g、41g、42g、43g、44g、45g、46g、47g、48g、49g或50g)的量施用至受试者。
在某些实施方案中,按照下述任一项中的量,将化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体以及头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶)施用至受试者:
(1)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(2)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(3)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(4)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(5)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(6)2g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(7)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(8)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(9)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(10)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(11)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(12)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(13)0.015625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(14)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(15)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(16)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(17)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
(18)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶)。
任选地,所述方法还包括给受试者施用一种或多种治疗活性剂,所述治疗活性剂选自:抗细菌剂、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂、抗厌氧菌剂、抗真菌剂、抗炎剂、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂、脂氧合酶抑制剂、细胞因子拮抗剂、免疫抑制剂、抗癌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞因子、生长因子、免疫调节剂、前列腺素、抗血管过度增殖化合物或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述抗细菌剂选自妥布霉素、左氧氟沙星、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素、替吉环素或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述β-内酰胺酶抑制剂选自克拉维酸、他唑巴坦、舒巴坦或其任意组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述抗厌氧菌剂为甲硝唑,所述抗真菌剂为粘菌素。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、其药学上可接受的盐、其酯、其溶剂化合物或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物和任选的治疗活性剂同时或相继地被施用于受试者,例如,可以在施用所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体之前、同时或之后,施用治疗活性剂。例如,可以在施用所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物之前、同时或之后,施用治疗活性剂。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体和所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物被制成药学上可接受的任一剂型,例如散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、乳剂、混悬剂、注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、粉雾剂、洗剂、搽剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、糊剂、贴剂、含漱剂或栓剂,例如散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、注射剂、软膏剂、含漱剂或栓剂。在某些实施方案中,一种或多种药用载体与所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体被共同施用于受试者。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物和任选的治疗活性剂在使用之前存在于不同的制剂中,例如存在于各自的单组份制剂中。在某些实施方案中,所述不同的制剂具有相同或不同的剂型(例如散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、乳剂、混悬剂、注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、粉雾剂、洗剂、搽剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、糊剂、贴剂、含漱剂或栓剂)。在某些实施方案中,所述不同的制剂各自包含一种活性成分。例如,所述方法包括将第一制剂和第二制剂施用于受试者,所述第一制剂的活性成分为所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,所述第二制剂的活性成分为所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物。例如,所述方法包括将第一制剂、第二制剂和第三组制剂施用于受试者,所述第一制剂 的活性成分为所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,所述第二制剂的活性成分为所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物,所述第三制剂的活性成分为治疗活性剂。
在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体通过静脉给药、肌肉给药或口服给药被施用于受试者。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体按照每天给药1、2、3或4次的方式被施用于受试者。
在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物通过静脉给药、肌肉给药或口服给药被施用于受试者。在某些实施方案中,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物按照每天给药1、2、3或4次的方式被施用于受试者。
在某些实施方案中,所述治疗活性剂通过静脉给药、肌肉给药或口服给药被施用于受试者。在某些实施方案中,所述治疗活性剂按照每天给药1、2、3或4次的方式被施用于受试者。
在某些实施方案中,所述受试者为哺乳动物,例如牛科动物、马科动物、羊科动物、猪科动物、犬科动物、猫科动物、啮齿类动物、灵长类动物;其中,特别优选的受试者为人。
在另一个方面,本申请还涉及一种药物组合物,其特征在于包括组分β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和组分头孢类抗生素,其中,所述β-内酰胺酶抑制剂为如下所示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其酯或其立体异构体,
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000020
其中,R1、R2、环A的定义如上所述。
在某些实施方案中,组分β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和组分头孢类抗生素的重量比为:1:0.5~1:50,优选为1:1~1:32,优选为1:1~1:20,进一步优选为1:0.5、1:1、1:1.5、1:2、1:2.5、1:3、1:3.5、1:4、1:4.5、1:5、1:5.5、1:6、1:6.5、1:7、1:7.5、1:8、1:8.5、1:9、1:9.5、1:10或1:16。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物还包括一种或多种药用载体,可以制成药学上可接受的任一剂型,优选散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、乳剂、混悬剂、注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、粉雾剂、洗剂、搽剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、糊剂、贴剂、含漱剂或栓剂,更优选散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、注射剂、软膏剂、含漱剂或栓剂。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物其特征在于,所述组分β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和组分头孢类抗生素以复方制剂形式同时给药。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物其特征在于,所述组分β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和组分头孢类抗生素独立地配制,同时或相继给药。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物其特征在于,所述组合物的给药途径为静脉给药,肌肉给药或口服给药。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物其特征在于,所述组合物的给药次数为:每天给药1、2、3或4次。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物还可以包括一种或多种治疗活性剂,所述治疗活性剂选自抗细菌剂、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂、抗厌氧菌剂、抗真菌剂、抗炎剂、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂、脂氧合酶抑制剂、细胞因子拮抗剂、免疫抑制剂、抗癌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞因子、生长因子、免疫调节剂、前列腺素或抗血管过度增殖化合物;所述抗细菌剂选自妥布霉素、左氧氟沙星、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素或替吉环素,所述β-内酰胺酶抑制剂选自克拉维酸、他唑巴坦或舒巴坦,所述抗厌氧菌剂选自甲硝唑,所述抗真菌剂选自粘菌素。
本申请还涉及上述药物组合物在用于制备治疗和/或预防由β-内酰胺酶引起的细菌耐药性疾病中的用途,所述细菌耐药选自由A类β-内酰胺酶(CTX-M,TEM-1,SHV-1或KPC-2)、B类金属β-内酰胺酶(NDM-1、IMP或VIM)、C类β-内酰胺酶(AmpC)或D类β-内酰胺酶(OXA)导致的细菌耐药性疾病,优选由B类金属β-内酰胺酶(NDM-1、IMP或VIM)导致的细菌耐药性疾病;所述的细菌选自革兰氏阳性菌或革兰氏阴性菌,优选革兰氏阴性菌;所述革兰氏阳性菌选自:金黄葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、肠球菌或艰难梭菌中的一种或多种;所述革兰氏阴性菌选自:枸橼酸杆菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、志贺式杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、黏膜炎莫拉菌、淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、淋病奈瑟氏菌、不动杆菌属、伯克氏菌属、弯曲杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、霍乱弧菌、克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、鸟复合分枝杆菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、肺炎嗜衣原体、沙眼衣原体、流感嗜血杆菌、化脓性链球菌、β-溶血性链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、脆弱拟杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌或嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌中的一种或多种。
本申请还涉及上述药物组合物在用于制备治疗和/或预防由细菌引起的感染性疾病的药物中的用途,所述的由细菌引起的感染性疾病选自:上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染、复杂性尿道感染和其他尿道感染、中枢神经系统感染、耳部感染、胸膜肺和支气管感染、肺结核、 并发或非并发的尿道感染、腹腔内感染、心血管感染、血流感染、败血症、菌血症、CNS感染、皮肤或软组织感染、GI感染、骨与关节感染、生殖器感染、眼部感染、肉芽肿感染、并发或非并发的皮肤和皮肤结构感染、导管感染、咽炎、窦炎、外耳炎、中耳炎、支气管炎、脓胸、肺炎、社区获得性细菌性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎、医院获得性细菌性肺炎、呼吸器相关性肺炎、糖尿病足感染、万古霉素抗性肠球菌感染、膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎、肾结石、前列腺炎、腹膜炎、复杂性腹腔内感染和其他腹膜内感染、透析相关性腹膜炎、内脏脓肿、心内膜炎、心肌炎、心包炎、输注相关败血症、脑膜炎、脑炎、脑脓肿、骨髓炎、关节炎、生殖器溃疡、尿道炎、阴道炎、子宫颈炎、牙龈炎、结膜炎、角膜炎、眼内炎、囊性纤维化患者中的感染或热性嗜中性粒细胞减少患者的感染中的一种或多种。
在另一个方面,本申请还涉及一种制备所述化合物(a)、其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体的方法,其包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):中间体1的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000021
将原料1和原料2溶于有机溶剂中,优选极性有机溶剂,加入有机碱、羧基活化试剂和缩水剂,或者加入有机碱和多肽缩合剂,在氮气保护下,10-80℃反应数小时,优选的反应温度为25℃,优选的反应时间为12-20h,反应结束后,经纯化处理得中间体1。
步骤(2):化合物(a)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000022
将中间体1溶于有机溶剂和/或水的混合溶剂中,加入有机碱、SO3·M络合物(如三氧化硫三甲胺络合物)和钯炭,氢气环境下,室温反应数小时,优选反应1-20h,反应结束后,再加入有机酸和/或有机酸盐进行酸化,室温反应数小时,反应结束后,纯化处理得化合物(a)。
所述的有机溶剂选自下列中的一种或多种:卤代烃类溶剂,选自二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷等;酰胺类溶剂,选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺等;醇类溶剂,选自甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、叔丁醇、乙二醇和丙三醇等;酮类溶剂,选自丙酮、甲基丁 基酮和甲基异丁基酮等;酯类溶剂选自乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯和乙酸丙酯等。
所述的有机碱选自:有机胺类碱,如二甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、异丙胺、己二胺等;醇的碱金属盐类,选自叔丁醇锂、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、甲醇钠、甲醇钾、乙醇钠和乙醇钾等。
所述的羧基活化试剂选自:1-羟基苯并三氮唑(HOBt)、1-羟基-7-偶氮苯并三氮唑(HOAt)。
所述的缩水剂选自:1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC.HCl)、N,N-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)。
多肽缩合剂选自:O-苯并三氮唑-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HBTU);2-(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)。
在本申请的说明书和权利要求书中,化合物都是依据化学结构式而命名的,如果表示同一化合物时化合物的命名与化学结构式不符,以化学结构式或化学反应式为准。
在本申请中,除非另有说明,否则本文中使用的科学和技术名词具有本领域技术人员所通常理解的含义。然而,为了更好地理解本发明,下面提供了部分相关术语的定义和解释。另外,当本申请所提供的术语的定义和解释与本领域技术人员所通常理解的含义不一致时,以本申请所提供的术语的定义和解释为准。
本发明所述“卤代”是指被“卤素原子”取代,“卤素原子”是指氟原子、氯原子、溴原子或碘原子。
本发明所述“C1-6烷基”表示直链或支链的含有1-6个碳原子的烷基,包括例如“C1-5烷基”、“C1-4烷基”、“C1-3烷基”、“C1-2烷基”、“C2-6烷基”、“C2-5烷基”、“C2-4烷基”、“C2-3烷基”、“C3-6烷基”、“C3-5烷基”、“C3-4烷基”、“C4-6烷基”、“C4-5烷基”、“C5-6烷基”等,具体实例包括但不限于:甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、2-甲基丁基、新戊基、1-乙基丙基、正己基、异己基、3-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、1-甲基戊基、3,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基等。本发明所述的“C1-4烷基”指C1-6烷基中的含有1-4个碳原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“卤代C1-6烷基”指一个或多个卤素原子取代C1-6烷基上的一个或多个氢原 子所衍生的基团,所述“卤素原子”和“C1-6烷基”如前文所定义。本发明所述的“卤代C1-4烷基”指卤代C1-6烷基中的含有1-4个碳原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“羟基C1-6烷基”指一个或多个羟基取代C1-6烷基上的一个或多个氢原子所衍生的基团,所述“C1-6烷基”如前文所定义。本发明所述的“羟基C1-4烷基”指羟基C1-6烷基中的含有1-4个碳原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“氨基C1-6烷基”指一个或多个氨基取代C1-6烷基上的一个或多个氢原子所衍生的基团,所述“C1-6烷基”如前文所定义。本发明所述的“氨基C1-4烷基”指氨基C1-6烷基中的含有1-4个碳原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“C2-6烯基”是指含有至少一个双键且碳原子数为2-6的直链、支链或环状的烯基,包括例如“C2-5烯基”、“C2-4烯基”、“C2-3烯基”、“C3-6烯基”、“C3-5烯基”、“C3-4烯基”、“C4-6烯基”、“C4-5烯基”、“C5-6烯基”等。其实例包括但不限于:乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、1,3-丁二烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、1,3-戊二烯基、1,4-戊二烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、1,4-己二烯基、环戊烯基、1,3-环戊二烯基、环己烯基、1,4-环己二烯基等。
本发明所述的“C2-6炔基”是指含有至少一个三键且碳原子数为2-6的直链或支链的炔基,包括例如“C2-5炔基”、“C2-4炔基”、“C2-3炔基”、“C3-6炔基”、“C3-5炔基”、“C3-4炔基”、“C4-6炔基”、“C4-5炔基”、“C5-6炔基”等。其实例包括但不限于:乙炔基、丙炔基、2-丁炔基、2-戊炔基、3-戊炔基、4-甲基-2-戊炔基、2-己炔基、3-己炔基、5-甲基-2-己炔基等。
本发明所述的“四(C1-6烷基)季铵离子”是指多个相同或不同的C1-6烷基取代季铵离子(H4N+)上的四个氢原子所衍生的基团,所述“C1-6烷基”如前文所定义。
本发明所述的“C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷氧基,卤代C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基,C1-6烷氧基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基氨基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基,C1-6烷基氨基C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基酰氨基,C1-6烷基氨基羰基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基羰基,C1-6烷基亚磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰氨基,C1-6烷基磺酰氧基,C1-6烷基磺酰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基磺酰基”是指以C1-6烷基-O-,C1-6烷基-O-C1-6烷基-,卤代C1-6烷基-O-,卤代C1-6烷基-O-C1-6烷基-,C1-6烷基-C(O)-,C1-6烷基-C(O)-O-,C1-6烷基-O-C(O)-,C1-6烷基-C(O)-O-C1-6烷基-,C1-6烷基-NH-,(C1-6烷基)2-N-,C1-6烷基-NH-C1-6烷基-,卤代C1-6烷基-C(O)-,卤代C1-6烷基-C(O)-C1-6烷基-,C1-6烷基-C(O)-NH-,C1-6烷基-NH-C(O)-,(C1-6烷基)2-NH-C(O)-,C1-6烷基-SO-,C1-6烷基-SO2-NH-,C1-6烷基-SO2-O-,C1-6烷基-SO2-C1-6烷基-,C1-6烷基-SO2-方式连接的基 团,其中“C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基”如前文所定义。本发明所述的“C1-4烷氧基,C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基,卤代C1-4烷氧基,卤代C1-4烷氧基C1-4烷基,C1-4烷基羰基,C1-4烷基羰基氧基,C1-4烷氧基羰基,C1-4烷基羰基氧基C1-4烷基,C1-4烷基氨基,二(C1-4烷基)氨基,C1-4烷基氨基C1-4烷基,卤代C1-4烷基羰基,卤代C1-4烷基羰基C1-4烷基,C1-4烷基酰氨基,C1-4烷基氨基羰基,二(C1-4烷基)氨基羰基,C1-4烷基亚磺酰基,C1-4烷基磺酰氨基,C1-4烷基磺酰氧基,C1-4烷基磺酰基C1-4烷基,C1-4烷基磺酰基”指上述实例中的烷基中含有1-4个碳原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“药学上可接受的阳离子”可以是元素周期表中的化合价为一价或二价金属阳离子,例如Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Fe2+;还可以是铵根离子或含氮有机阳离子,所述的含氮有机阳离子包括以下几种:(1)多个C1-6烷基取代铵根离子的氢所形成的(C1-6烷基)4N+,所述的多个C1-6烷基可以相同也可以不同,其定义如前文所述,优选(C1-4烷基)4N+;(2)含氮有机杂环或杂芳环所形成的有机阳离子,优选3-8元含氮杂环阳离子以及5-6元含氮杂芳环阳离子,例如可以是
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000024
等。
本发明所述的“3-8元环烷基”是指含有3-8个碳原子的饱和的环状烷基,包括例如“3-4元环烷基”、“3-5元环烷基”、“3-6元环烷基”、“3-7元环烷基”、“4-5元环烷基”、“4-6元环烷基”、“4-7元环烷基”、“4-8元环烷基”、“5-6元环烷基”、“5-7元环烷基”、“5-8元环烷基”、“6-7元环烷基”、“6-8元环烷基”、“7-8元环烷基”等。具体实例包括但不限于:环丙烷基、环丁烷基、环戊烷基、环己烷基、环庚烷基、环辛烷基等。“5-6元环烷基”是指含有5-6个碳原子的饱和的环状烷基。
本发明所述的“6-8元芳基”是指含有6-8个环碳原子的单环芳基,其实例包括但不限于:苯基、环辛四烯基等。
本发明所述的“6-15元稠芳基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个相邻的原子所形成的、含有6-15个环碳原子的、不饱和的、具有芳香性的环状基团。具体实例包括但不仅限于:萘基、蒽基、菲基等。所述的“6-10元稠芳基”是指6-15元稠芳基中环原子个数为6-10个的具体实例。
本发明所述的“4-15元稠环基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个相邻的原子所形成的、含有4-15个环碳原子的环状结构,包括例如“4-12元稠环基”、“4-11元稠环基”、 “5-10元稠环基”、“6-11元稠环基”、“5-9元稠环基”、“7-10元稠环基”、“4-12元稠环基”、“8-9元稠环基”、“9-10元稠环基”等,任选地,环状结构中的碳原子可以被氧代。其实例包括但不限于:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000026
等。所述的4-10元稠环基”是指4-15元稠环基中含有4-10个环原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“5-15元螺环基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用一个碳原子所形成的、含有5-15个环碳原子的环状结构。任选地,环状结构中的碳原子可以被氧代。“5-15元螺环基”包括例如“4-11元螺环基”、“6-11元螺环基”、“5-10元螺环基”、“7-10元螺环基”、“6-9元螺环基”、“7-9元螺环基”、“7-8元螺环基”、“9-10元螺环基”等。具体实例包括但不仅限于:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000029
等。所述“7-9元螺环基”或“5-10元螺环基”是指5-15元螺环基中含有7-9个或5-10个环原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“5-15元桥环基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个非相邻碳原子所形成的、含有5-15个环碳原子的环状结构。任选地,环状结构中的碳原子可以被氧代。“5-15元桥环基”包括例如“5-11元桥环基”、“6-11元桥环基”、“5-10元桥环基”、“7-10元桥环基”、“6-9元桥环基”、“7-9元桥环基”、“7-8元桥环基”、“9-10元桥环基”等。具体实例包括但不仅限于:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000032
等。所述“5-10元桥环基”是指5-15 元桥环基中含有5-10个环原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“3-8元杂环基”是指至少含有一个杂原子的且环原子数为3-8个环原子的饱和或部分饱和的环状基团,所述杂原子为氮原子、氧原子和/或硫原子。任选地,环状结构中的环原子(例如碳原子、氮原子或硫原子)可以被氧代。“3-8元杂环基”包括例如“3-7元杂环基”、“3-6元杂环基”、“4-7元杂环基”、“4-6元杂环基”、“6-8元杂环基”、“5-7元杂环基”、“5-6元杂环基”、“3-8元含氧杂环基”、“3-6元含氧杂环基”、“5-6元含氧杂环基”、“5-6元饱和含氧杂环基”、“3-8元含氮杂环基”、“5-6元含氮杂环基”、“5-6元饱和含氮杂环基”等,优选为“5-6元杂环基”。具体实例包括但不仅限于:氮杂环丙烷基、2H-氮杂环丙烷基、二氮杂环丙烷基、3H-二氮杂环丙烯基、氮杂环丁烷基、1,4-二氧杂环己烷基、1,3-二氧杂环己烷基、1,3-二氧杂环戊烷基、1,4-二氧杂环己二烯基、四氢呋喃基、二氢吡咯基、吡咯烷基、咪唑烷基、4,5-二氢咪唑基、吡唑烷基、4,5-二氢吡唑基、2,5-二氢噻吩基、四氢噻吩基、4,5-二氢噻唑基、噻唑烷基、哌啶基、四氢吡啶基、哌啶酮基、四氢吡啶酮基、二氢哌啶酮基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、4,5-二氢噁唑基、4,5-二氢异噁唑基、2,3-二氢异噁唑基、噁唑烷基、2H-1,2-噁嗪基、4H-1,2-噁嗪基、6H-1,2-噁嗪基、4H-1,3-噁嗪基、6H-1,3-噁嗪基、4H-1,4-噁嗪基、4H-1,3-噻嗪基、6H-1,3-噻嗪基、2H-吡喃基、2H-吡喃-2-酮基、3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃基等。所述“5-6元杂环基”是指3-8元杂环基中含有5-6个环原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“4-15元稠杂环基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个相邻的原子所形成的、含有4-15个环原子(其中至少一个环原子为杂原子,例如氮原子、氧原子或硫原子)的环状结构。任选地,环状结构中的环原子(例如碳原子、氮原子或硫原子)可以被氧代。“4-15元稠杂环基”包括例如“4-12元稠杂环基”、“4-10元稠杂环基”、“5-10元稠杂环基”、“5-9元稠杂环基”、“6-11元稠杂环基”、“7-9元稠杂环基”、“9-10元稠杂环基”、“4-15元含氮稠杂环基”、“4-10元含氮稠杂环基”、“5-12元含氮稠杂环基”、“5-10元含氮稠杂环基”、“6-10元含氮稠杂环基”、“7-9元含氮稠杂环基”等。具体实例包括但不仅限于:吡咯烷基并环丙基、环戊基并氮杂环丙基、吡咯烷基并环丁基、吡咯烷基并吡咯烷基、吡咯烷基并哌啶基、吡咯烷基并哌嗪基、吡咯烷基并吗啉基、哌啶基并吗啉基、苯并吡咯烷基、四氢咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶基、3,4-二氢喹唑啉基、1,2-二氢喹喔啉基、苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯基、1,3-二氢异苯并呋喃基、2H-色原烯基、2H-色原烯-2-酮基、4H-色烯基、4H-色烯-4-酮基、色满基、4H-1,3-苯并噁嗪基、4,6-二氢-1H-呋喃并[3,4-d]咪唑基、3a,4,6,6a-四氢-1H-呋喃并[3,4-d]咪唑基、4,6-二氢-1H-噻吩并[3,4-d]咪唑基、4,6-二氢-1H-吡咯并[3,4-d]咪唑基、苯并咪唑 烷基、八氢-苯并[d]咪唑基、十氢喹啉基、六氢噻吩并咪唑基、六氢呋喃并咪唑基、4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-苯并[d]咪唑基、八氢环戊烯并[c]吡咯基、二氢吲哚基、二氢异吲哚基、苯并噁唑烷基、苯并噻唑烷基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、4H-1,3-苯并噁嗪基等。
本发明所述的“5-15元螺杂环基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用一个环原子所形成的、含有5-15个环原子(其中至少一个环原子为杂原子,例如氮原子、氧原子或硫原子)的饱和或部分饱和环状结构。任选地,环状结构中的环原子(例如碳原子、氮原子或硫原子)可以被氧代。“5-15元螺杂环基”包括例如“5-11元螺杂环基”、“6-11元螺杂环基”、“5-10元螺杂环基”、“6-9元螺杂环基”、“7-9元螺杂环基”、“9-10元螺杂环基”、“7-9元饱和螺杂环基”、“5-15元含氮螺环基”、“5-10元含氮螺杂环基”、“7-11元含氮螺杂环基”、“7-9元含氮螺杂环基”、“7-9元饱和含氮螺杂环基”等。具体实例包括但不仅限于:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000034
等。所述“5-10元螺杂环基”是指5-15元螺杂环基中含有5-10个环原子的具体实例。所述“7-9元含氮螺杂环基”是指5-15元螺杂环基中含有7-9个环原子、并且其中至少一个环原子为氮原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“5-15元桥杂环基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个非相邻的环原子所形成的、含有5-15个环原子(其中至少一个环原子为杂原子,例如氮原子、氧原子或硫原子)的饱和或部分饱和环状结构。任选地,环状结构中的环原子(例如碳原子、氮原子或硫原子)可以被氧代。“5-15元桥杂环基”包括例如“5-10元桥杂环基”、“6-11元桥杂环基”、“6-10元桥杂环基”、“6-9元桥杂环基”、“7-10元桥杂环基”、“7-9元桥杂环基”、“7-9元饱和桥杂环基”、“5-15元含氮桥杂环基”、“5-9元含氮桥杂环基”、“7-9元含氮桥杂环基”、“7-8元含氮桥杂环基”、“7-9元饱和含氮桥杂环基”等。具体实例包括但不仅限于:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000038
等。所述“5-10元桥杂环基”是指5-15元桥杂环基中含有5-10个环原子的具体实例。所述“7-9元含氮桥杂环基”是指5-15元桥杂环基中含有7-9个环原子、并且其中至少一个环原子为氮原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“5-8元杂芳基”是指含有5-8个环原子(其中至少一个环原子为杂原子,例如氮原子、氧原子或硫原子)的具有芳香性的单环环状基团。任选地,环状结构中的环原子(例如碳原子、氮原子或硫原子)可以被氧代。“5-8元杂芳基”包括例如“5-7元杂芳基”、“5-6元杂芳基”等。具体实例包括但不仅限于呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噻二唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基、咪唑基、吡唑基、1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基、吡啶基、2-吡啶酮基、4-吡啶酮基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、1,2,3-三嗪基、1,3,5-三嗪基、1,2,4,5-四嗪基、氮杂环庚三烯基、1,3-二氮杂环庚三烯基、氮杂环辛四烯基等。所述“5-6元杂芳基”是指5-8元杂芳基中含有5-6个环原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“5-15元稠杂芳基”是指由两个或两个以上环状结构彼此共用两个相邻的原子所形成的、含有5-15个环原子(其中至少一个环原子为杂原子,例如氮原子、氧原子或硫原子)的、不饱和的具有芳香性的环状结构。任选地,环状结构中的环原子(例如碳原子、氮原子或硫原子)可以被氧代。“5-15元稠杂芳基”包括例如“5-10元稠杂芳基”、“7-10元稠杂芳基”、“9-10元稠杂芳基”等。具体实例包括但不限于:苯并呋喃基、苯并异呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、苯并噁唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、苯并三唑基、喹啉基、2-喹啉酮基、4-喹啉酮基、1-异喹啉酮基、异喹啉基、吖啶基、菲啶基、苯并哒嗪基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、酚嗪基、喋啶基、嘌呤基、萘啶基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基等。所述“5-10元稠杂芳基”是指5-14元稠杂芳基中含有5-10个环原子的具体实例。
本发明所述的“碳原子、氮原子或硫原子被氧代”是指形成C=O、N=O、S=O或SO2的结构。
本发明所述“任选被取代基取代”是指被取代基取代或未被取代基取代。
本发明化合物(a)的“药学上可接受的盐”是指化合物(a)中存在的酸性官能团(例 如-COOH、-OH、-SO3H等)与适当的无机或者有机阳离子(碱)形成的盐,包括与碱金属或碱土金属形成的盐、铵盐,以及与含氮有机碱形成的盐;以及化合物(a)中存在的碱性官能团(例如-NH2等)与适当的无机或者有机阴离子(酸)形成的盐,包括与无机酸或有机酸(例如羧酸等)形成的盐。
本发明化合物(a)的“酯”表示化合物(a)存在羧基时,可与醇发生酯化反应而形成的酯,当化合物(a)存在羟基时,可与有机酸、无机酸、有机酸盐等发生酯化反应而形成的酯。酯在酸或者碱存在的条件下,可发生水解反应生成相应的酸或醇。
本发明化合物的“立体异构”分为构象异构和构型异构,而构型异构还分为顺反异构和旋光异构(对映异构)。构象异构是指具有一定构型的有机物分子由于碳、碳单键的旋转或扭曲而使得分子各原子或原子团在空间产生不同的排列方式的一种立体异构现象,常见的有烷烃和环烷烃类化合物的结构,如环己烷结构中出现的椅式构象和船式构象。“旋光异构体(对映异构体)”,指当本发明化合物含有一个或多个不对称中心,因而可作为外消旋体和外消旋混合物、单一对映异构体、非对映异构体混合物和单一非对映异构体。本发明化合物有不对称中心,这类不对称中心各自会独立地产生两个光学异构体,本发明的范围包括所有可能的光学异构体和非对映异构体混合物和纯的或部分纯的化合物。本发明所述的化合物若含有烯烃双键,除非特别说明,本发明包括顺式异构体和反式异构体。本发明所述的化合物可以以互变异构体形式存在,其通过一个或多个双键位移而具有不同的氢的连接点。例如,酮和它的烯醇形式是酮-烯醇互变异构体。各互变异构体及其混合物都包括在本发明的化合物中。所有化合物(a)的对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、内消旋体、顺反异构体、互变异构体、几何异构体、差向异构体及其混合物等,均为要求保护的范围,均包括在本发明范围中。
本发明所述的“溶剂化合物”是指化合物(如头孢类抗生素)与水或有机溶剂通过非共价键的相互作用所形成的复合体;所述的有机溶剂包括本领域技术人员所理解的全部种类,例如醇类、醚类、酯类、芳香烃类或脂肪烃类等。
本发明所述的“复合物”是指化合物(如头孢类抗生素)与另外一种或多种药用辅助分子相互结合组成的具有一定(生理、化学)功能或明显(物化)特性的集合体;如利用药用分子改善化合物的结晶性质、制剂性质等得到的物质。
本发明所述的“代谢物”指通过化合物(如头孢类抗生素)在体内代谢过程中所产生的物质,其可能具有比原化合物更高的生物活性,也可能低于原化合物的生物活性,也可能不具有生物活性。
本发明所述的“剂型”指将药物制成适用于临床使用的形式,包括但不限于散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、乳剂、混悬剂、注射剂(包括注射液、注射用无菌粉末与注射用浓溶液)、喷雾剂、气雾剂、粉雾剂、洗剂、搽剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、糊剂、贴剂、含漱剂或栓剂,更优选散剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、注射剂、软膏剂、含漱剂或栓剂。
本发明所述的“载体”包括但不限于填充剂、稀释剂、粘合剂、润湿剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、表面活性剂、防腐剂、着色剂、矫味剂、芳香剂、泡腾剂、乳化剂、絮凝剂、反絮凝剂、抑菌剂、增溶剂;例如:离子交换剂,氧化铝,硬脂酸铝,卵磷脂,血清蛋白如人血清蛋白,缓冲物质如磷酸盐,甘油,山梨酸,山梨酸钾,饱和植物脂肪酸的部分甘油酯混合物,水,盐或电解质,如硫酸鱼精蛋白,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸氢钾,氯化钠,锌盐,胶态氧化硅,三硅酸镁,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,纤维素物质,聚乙二醇,羧甲基纤维素钠,聚丙烯酸酯,蜂蜡,聚乙烯-聚氧丙烯嵌段聚合物,羊毛脂或其任意组合。
本发明所述的“复方制剂”是指含两种或两种以上主要成分的制剂,即,几种不同类别的药物混合而成的制剂。
本发明所述的“β-内酰胺酶”是指能够失活β-内酰胺类抗生素的蛋白质。β-内酰胺酶是可以催化β-内酰胺类抗生素的β-内酰胺环水解的酶。本发明主要涉及的是微生物β-内酰胺酶,可分为“A类”、“B类”、“C类”、“D类”β-内酰胺酶。具体参见Waley,The Chemistry of β-lactamase,Page Ed.,Chapman & Hall,London,(1992)198-228中所描述的酶的种类。本发明重点涉及的β-内酰胺酶包括绿脓假单胞菌(Pesudomonas pyocyaneum)、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌或阴沟肠杆菌(Eenterbacter cloacae)产生的C类β-内酰胺酶;脆弱拟杆菌(CcrA)、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌(大肠杆菌)、阴沟肠杆菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bc Ⅱ)或嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(L1)产生的B类金属β-内酰胺酶;产酸克雷伯菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、阴沟肠杆菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌或霍氏肠杆菌产生的A类β-内酰胺酶;以及肺炎克雷伯菌或大肠埃希菌产生的D类β-内酰胺酶。
本发明所述的“β-内酰胺酶抑制剂”是指能够降低或抑制β-内酰胺酶活性的化合物。β-内酰胺酶活性是指A、B、C和/或D类β-内酰胺酶的活性。对于抗微生物应用而言,优选的半数有效抑制浓度不高于100μg/mL,或者不高于50μg/mL,或者不高于25μg/mL,优选不高于8μg/mL,更优选不高于4μg/mL。
本发明所述的“抗生素”是指降低微生物成活力或者抑制微生物生长或增殖的化合物或组合物,术语“抑制生长或增殖”是指增加至少约2倍的传代时间(即,细菌细胞分裂或 种群翻倍所需的时间)。优选的抗生素是能够增加至少约10倍或更多(例如,在总细胞死亡中,至少约100倍或甚至是无限的)传代时间的抗生素。本发明所用的抗生素还包括抗微生物剂、抑菌剂或杀菌剂。适合用于本发明的抗生素的实例包括头孢菌素类。
本发明所述的“有效量”是指足以获得或至少部分获得期望的效果的量。例如,预防疾病(例如与细菌性感染相关的疾病)有效量是指,足以预防、阻止或延迟疾病(例如与细菌性感染相关的疾病)的发生的量;治疗疾病有效量是指,足以治愈或至少部分阻止患者的疾病和其并发症的量。测定这样的有效量完全在本领域技术人员的能力范围之内,如可以通过临床试验结果、模型动物感染研究和/或体外试验来判断。对于治疗用途有效的量将取决于待治疗的疾病的严重度、患者自己的免疫系统的总体状态、患者的个性特征(例如年龄,体重和性别)、药物的施用方式以及同时施用的其他治疗等等。对于预防性治疗,预防有效量为将有效预防细菌感染的量。
本发明所述的“协同的”或“协同增效作用”指两种或更多药物相互作用,使它们的组合效果优于它们各自的效果。
本发明所述的“药物产品”,其包含两种或两种以上主要成分,如本发明化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、其酯、其溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,和头孢类抗生素或其衍生物),所述两种或两种以上主要成分可以分开存在,例如被分离地包装以单独的制剂存在,或者相互混合,以药物组合物的形式存在。
本申请中所引用的参考文件中的技术方案,均包含在本发明的公开范围内,可以用于解释本发明的内容。
发明的有益效果
与现有技术相比,本申请的药物产品具有以下优点中的一个或多个:
(1)本申请的药物产品具有优异的抗菌活性,有效降低了头孢类抗生素的抑菌浓度,减少了因药物高剂量所产生的毒副作用,且对耐头孢类抗生素的细菌所引起的感染性疾病具有优良的治疗效果;
(2)本申请的药物产品能够有效抑制一种或多种β-内酰胺酶的活性,能够用于治疗由能产生β-内酰胺酶的细菌所引起的耐药性细菌感染的疾病,特别是由能产生B类金属β-内酰胺酶的细菌(例如脆弱拟杆菌(CcrA)、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌或阴沟肠杆菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌(BcⅡ)或嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(L1)等)引起的耐药性的疾病,减少由耐药性细菌引起的感染所导致的更长时间的停留、更高的死亡率和更多的治疗费用;
(3)本申请的药物产品的各组分在药代动力学和/或药效动力学上具有良好的药学性质,如 良好的体内外抗菌效果,更高的暴露量,更好的生物利用度,和/或更长的半衰期等,且各组分的药学性质可以良好地吻合,本申请的药物产品具有良好的临床应用价值;
(4)本申请的药物产品中,化合物(a)、其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体可以作为β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和/或抗生素而发挥治疗效果,与头孢类抗生素联用具有协同增效作用。当其作为β-内酰胺酶抑制剂时,可以抑制全部或部分β-内酰胺酶,有效提高头孢类抗生素的抗菌浓度,增强其药效活性;当其作为抗生素时,具有杀死细菌或抑制细菌生长的作用,其可与头孢类抗生素协同增强抗菌活性。化合物(a)、其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体所具备的技术效果在不同的菌株上可以同时存在或单独存在。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明,但这并非是对本发明的限制。本领域技术人员根据本发明的教导,可以做出各种修改或改进,而不脱离本发明的基本思想和范围。
化合物(a)的合成
制备例1(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000039
(1)乙基(S)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基-6-(二甲基(氧代)-λ6-硫叶立德)-5-氧代己酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000040
将三甲基碘化亚砜(343.2g,1.56mol)溶解到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2300mL)中,分批加入叔丁醇钾(156.9g,1.40mol),室温下搅拌1小时。分批加入1-叔丁基2-乙基(S)-5-氧代吡咯烷-1,2-二甲酸酯(350g,1.36mol),加完后室温搅拌2小时,加入水(4000mL)淬灭,用乙酸乙酯萃取(3000mL×5),有机相合并,饱和食盐水(3000mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)纯化得淡黄色油状标题化合物(280g,产率59%)。
(2)(S)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-氧代哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000041
将乙基(S)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基-6-(二甲基(氧代)-λ6-硫叶立德)-5-氧代己酸酯(280g,801.28mmol)溶解于甲苯(8000mL)中,加入1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体(4.1g,7.95mmol),氮气保护下80℃反应过夜。真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5~1:3)纯化得淡黄色油状标题化合物(132g,产率61%)。
(3)(2S,5S)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-羟基哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000042
将(S)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-氧代哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯(132g,486.53mmol)溶解于乙醇(1500mL)中,0℃下分批加入硼氢化钠(20.4g,539.25mmol),加完后0℃反应20分钟,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(200mL)淬灭,所得溶液加水(3000mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取(1000mL×3),有机相合并,饱和食盐水(1000mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:3)纯化得无色油状标题化合物(130g,产率98%)。
(4)(2S,5R)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-(N-(苄氧基)-2-硝基苯基磺酰氨基)哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000043
将(2S,5S)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-羟基哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯(130g,475.62mmol)、三苯基膦(212g,809.16mmol)和N-(苄氧基)-2-硝基苯基-1-磺酰胺(161.4g,523.5mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(1500mL)中,降温至0℃,氮气保护下滴加偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(149.1g,856.16mmol),加料完毕后,升至室温搅拌过夜,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5)纯化得黄色油状标题化合物(210g,产率78%)。
(5)(2S,5S)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000044
将(2S,5R)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-(N-(苄氧基)-2-硝基苯基磺酰氨基)哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯(210g,372.59mol)溶解到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2000mL)中,加入一水合氢氧化锂(31.1g,741.11mmol)和正十二硫醇(149.5g,738.63mmol),室温反应过夜。加水(4000mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取(1000mL×3),有机相合并,饱和食盐水(1000mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5)纯化得黄色油状标题化合物(90g,产率64%)。
(6)(2S,5R)-乙基5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000045
将(2S,5S)-1-叔丁基2-乙基5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-1,2-二羧酸酯(90g,237.8mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(700mL),降温至0℃,滴加入三氟乙酸(200mL)。加完后室温反应过夜,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH值到10,分液,水相用二氯甲烷萃取(300mL×3),有机相合并,饱和食盐水(200mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1)纯化得淡黄色油状标题化合物(70g粗品)。
(7)(2S,5R)-乙基6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000046
将(2S,5R)-乙基5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯(70g,251.48mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(129g,1000mmol)溶解到二氯甲烷(1400mL)中,降温至0℃,分批加入三光气(29.4g,99mmol),加完后自然升至室温搅拌过夜。所得溶液依次用10%磷酸溶液(400mL×2)、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(400mL×2)和饱和食盐水洗(400mL×2),无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5~1:2)纯化得白色固体状标题化合物(40.8g,产率50%)。
(8)(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000047
将(2S,5R)-乙基6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸酯(40.8g,134.06mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(900mL)中,滴加一水合氢氧化锂(5.5g,131.08mmol)的水溶液(300mL),加完后室温反应过夜。加入水(200mL),用乙酸乙酯(500mL×2)萃取,水相收集,用1mol/L盐酸调节pH=3,用二氯甲烷(200mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩得白色固体状标题化合物(25g,产率67%)。
分子式:C13H20N4O6S分子量:276.29 LC-MS(m/z):277[M+H]+
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55-7.35(m,5H),5.08(d,J=11.1Hz,1H),4.91(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),4.14(m,1H),3.35(m,1H),3.11(m,1H),2.90(m,1H),2.28-1.98(m,3H),1.75-1.56(m,1H).
制备例2叔丁基6-羟基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000048
将叔丁基6-氧代-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯(4.22g,20mmol)加入到甲醇(30mL)中,氮气保护下降温至0℃,加入硼氢化钠(1.52g,40mmol),加料完毕后,升温至25℃搅拌1小时,LC-MS检测反应完全,加水(1mL)淬灭反应,减压蒸除溶剂,加水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL),分液,有机相用盐酸(1mol/L,50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩得白色标题化合物(4.0g,产率93.7%)。
制备例3叔丁基6-(1,3-二氧代异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000049
氮气保护下,将叔丁基6-羟基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯(4.0g,18.8mmol)、邻苯二甲酰亚胺(3.86g,26.2mmol)和三苯基膦(5.92g,22.6mmol)加入到四氢呋喃(100mL)中,降温至0℃,缓慢滴加偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(3.93g,22.6mmol),滴加完毕后升温至25℃搅拌16小时。LC-MS检测反应完全,加水(1mL)淬灭反应,减压浓缩溶剂,加水(150mL)和乙酸乙酯(150mL),分液,水相用乙酸乙酯(100mL×2)萃取,合并有机相,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化得白色标题化合物(6.0g,产率93.3%)。
制备例4叔丁基6-氨基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000050
将叔丁基6-(1,3-二氧代异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯(6.0g,17.5mmol)溶于乙醇(160mL)中,搅拌下加入水合肼(16mL),25℃下搅拌1.5小时,反应液出现大量白色沉淀,LC-MS检测反应完全,抽滤,滤液浓缩,加乙醚(200mL),超声震荡,抽滤,滤液浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1,加0.1%氨水)纯化得白色标题化合物(2.9g,产率78.2%)。
制备例5叔丁基6-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000051
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸(3.77g,13.6mmol)和叔丁基6-氨基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯(2.9g,13.7mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(100mL)中,氮气保护下降温至0℃,加入1-羟基苯并三氮唑(2.76g,20.4mmol)、三乙胺(3.16g,31.3mmol)和1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(3.91g,20.4mmol),升温至25℃搅拌16小时,LC-MS检测反应完全,加入水(100mL)和二氯甲烷(100mL),分液,有机相浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1~1:1)纯化得标题化合物(4.5g,产率70.3%)。
制备例6(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-N-(2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000052
将叔丁基6-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-甲酸酯(1.1g,2.34mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(15mL)中,25℃加入三氟乙酸(5mL),搅拌反应1.0小时,LC-MS检测反应完全,减压浓缩,粗品直接用于下一步反应。
实施例1(2S,5R)-2-(7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物1)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000053
(1)叔丁基2-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000054
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸(767mg,2.8mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(35mL)中,依次加入叔丁基2-氨基-7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-羧酸酯(1.0g,4.2mmol)、1-羟基苯并三氮唑(567mg,4.2mmol)、三乙胺(848mg,8.4mmol)和1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(806mg,4.2mmol),25℃搅拌16小时,加入水(200mL)和二氯甲烷(200mL),分液,有机相用饱和食盐水(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)纯化得标题化合物(1.0g,产率71.7%)。
(2)(2S,5R)-2-((7-(叔丁氧羰基)-7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000055
将叔丁基2-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-羧酸酯(500mg,1.0mmol)溶于异丙醇(6mL)和水(6mL)的混合溶液中,依次加入三乙胺(0.1mL),三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(167mg,1.2mmol)和钯炭(100mg),氢气氛围下搅拌2小时。抽滤,除去催化剂,滤液加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(20mL),分液,水相加入的四丁基硫酸氢铵水溶液(1mol/L,3mL),振荡摇匀后加入二氯甲烷(100mL×2)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩至10mL,直接用于下一步反应。
(3)(2S,5R)-2-(7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000056
将上一步所得溶液冷却至0℃,搅拌下缓慢滴加三氟乙酸(4mL),滴加完毕继续搅拌1小时,浓缩至2mL,搅拌下慢慢加入乙醚(5mL),析出大量白色固体,抽滤,所得白色固体使用乙腈(15mL×2)洗涤,真空干燥,得到白色标题化合物(227mg,两步产率58.5%)。
分子式:C15H24N4O6S分子量:388.4 LC-MS(m/z):389.2[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.28-4.20(m,1H),4.15-4.11(m,1H),3.95-3.90(m,1H),3.28-3.20(m,1H),3.17-3.09(m,2H),3.08-3.03(m,2H),2.99-2.91(m,1H),2.35-2.25(m,2H),2.15-2.08(m,1H),2.04-1.95(m,1H),1.86-1.62(m,8H).
实施例2(2S,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物2)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000057
(1)(2S,5R)-2-((2-(叔丁氧羰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000058
将叔丁基6-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-羧酸酯(2.5g,5.31mmol)溶解到异丙醇(50mL)和水(50mL)的混合溶剂中,依次加入钯炭(250mg,质量分数10%),三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(887mg,6.37mmol)和三乙胺(134mg,1.33mmol),置换氢气,25℃搅拌16小时。LC-MS检测反应基本完全,抽滤,滤液加入水(100mL)和乙酸乙酯(200mL),分液,向水相中加入四丁基硫酸氢铵(1.98g,5.83mmol),25℃下搅拌20分钟后加入二氯甲烷(150mL),分液,水相用二氯甲烷(100mL×2)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,滤液蒸干得白色标题化合物(3.4g,产率91.4%)。
(2)(2S,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000059
将(2S,5R)-2-((2-(叔丁氧羰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵(3.4g,4.85mmol)加入到二氯甲烷(16mL)中,降温至0℃,加入三氟乙酸(8mL)。0℃下反应0.5小时,LC-MS检测反应完全,减压蒸除溶剂,加入乙腈(150mL)超声出现大量白色沉淀,抽滤,滤饼用乙腈(20mL×3)洗涤,真空干燥得标题化合物(1.52g,86.9%)。
分子式:C13H20N4O6S分子量:360.4 LC-MS(m/z):361.1[M+H]+
标题化合物制备成5mg/ml的水溶液,根据中国药典2015年版四部通则0621旋光度测定方法,测得标题化合物的比旋度为-44±-2°。
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.14-4.10(m,4H),4.02(s,2H),3.91(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.22(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),2.95(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),2.66-2.60(m,2H),2.27-2.22(m,2H),2.12-2.06(m,1H),2.01-1.96(m,1H),1.86-1.79(m,1H),1.74-1.68(m,1H).
实施例2-A(2R,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-6-基硫酸(化合物2-2)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000060
(1)乙基(R)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基-6-(二甲基(氧代)-λ6-硫叶立德)-5-氧代己酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000061
DMSO(240mL)加入到三甲基碘化亚砜(41g,186.3mmol)、叔丁醇钾(20g,178.2mmol)的THF(200mL)溶液中,25℃反应2小时,然后降至-15℃,将1-(叔丁基)2-乙基(R)-5-氧代吡咯烷-1,2-二甲酸酯(40g,155.5mmol)的THF(120mL)溶液滴加到反应体系中,然后反应3小时。反应完毕后,饱和氯化铵溶液(200mL)淬灭,用乙酸乙酯(200mL×3)萃取,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩得粗产物(50g)。
(2)乙基(R,Z)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-6-氯己酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000062
将乙基(R)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基-6-(二甲基(氧代)-λ6-硫叶立德)-5-氧代己酸酯(50g,粗品)溶于乙酸乙酯(200mL)中,然后加入O-苄基羟基氨基盐酸盐(26g,162.9mmol),60℃反应3小时,反应完毕后,反应液用饱和食盐水(200mL)洗涤,浓缩得粗产物(50g)。
(3)乙基(R,E)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)哌啶-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000063
将乙基(R,Z)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-6-氯己酸酯(50g,粗品)溶于乙酸乙酯(200mL)中,逐滴加入甲磺酸(30mL),移至50℃反应3小时,反应完毕后,降至25℃,滴加碳酸氢钠饱和溶液至不再产生气泡,再补加碳酸氢钠(10g,119.0mmol),将反应体系加热至50℃,剧烈搅拌3小时。反应完毕后,分液,有机层用饱和食盐水(200mL)洗涤,浓缩得粗产物(25g)。
(4)乙基(2R)-5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000064
将乙基(R,E)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)哌啶-2-甲酸酯(25g,粗品)溶于乙酸乙酯(300mL)和浓硫酸(20mL)混合溶剂中,25℃下,分次加入氰基硼氢化钠(10g,158.7mmol)加毕,继续反应3小时,反应完毕后,加入水(200mL)萃取,水层用碳酸氢钠调pH=7,再用乙酸乙酯(200mL×3)萃取,合并有机层,浓缩得粗产物(25g)。
(5)乙基(2R,5R)-5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000065
将乙基(2R)-5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-甲酸酯(25g,粗品)溶于乙醇(80mL)中,加热至40℃,然后滴加入草酸(9.0g,100mmol)的乙醇(50mL)溶液,加毕继续搅拌1小时。析出白色固体,热过滤,滤液浓缩,残余物溶于水(150mL)中,用碳酸氢钠调pH=7,再用乙酸乙酯(150mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,浓缩,残余物经反相硅胶柱层析(乙腈/水=0%-30%)得产物(2.5g,五步产率5.8%)。
(6)乙基(2R,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000066
将乙基(2R,5R)-5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-甲酸酯(2.5g,8.98mmol)和DIEA(4.6g,35.6mmol)溶于DCM(80mL)中,降至-10℃,缓慢加入三光气(1.0g,3.37mmol)移至25℃反应16小时。反应完毕后浓缩,残余物经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)纯化得产物(1.5g,产率54.9%)。
(7)(2R,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000067
0℃下,将氢氧化锂一水合物(414mg,9.86mmol)的水(4mL)溶液缓慢滴加至乙基(2R,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸酯(1.5g,4.93mmol)的THF(12mL)和水(4mL)混合溶剂中,0℃反应4小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯(80mL)萃取,水层降至0℃,用稀盐酸(1M)调pH=2,再用DCM(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩得产物(0.12g,产率8.8%)。
(8)叔丁基6-((2R,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000068
将(2R,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸(0.12g,0.43mmol),6-氨基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(92mg,0.43mmol),三乙胺(96mg,0.95mmol),HOBT(87mg,0.64mmol),EDCI(165mg,0.86mmol)依次加入到DCM(20mL)中,25℃反应3小时,反应完毕后浓缩,残余物经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)得产物(0.15g,产率73.4%)。
(9)(2R,5R)-2-((2-(叔丁氧羰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000069
将叔丁基6-((2R,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-羧酸酯(0.15g,0.32mmol),Pd/C(30mg,10%),三氧化硫三甲胺(53mg,0.38mmol),三乙胺(13mg,0.13mmol)依次加入到异丙醇/水(10mL,1:1)中,氢气环境下25℃反应16小时,反应完毕后,过滤,滤液蒸除异丙醇,水层用乙酸乙酯(10mL)洗涤,然后向水层加入四丁基硫酸氢铵(120mg,0.35mmol),25℃搅拌1小时,然后水层用DCM(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩得产物(0.17g,产率75.7%)。
(10)(2R,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-6-基硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000070
0℃下,将(2R,5R)-2-((2-(叔丁氧羰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵(0.17g,0.24mmol)溶于DCM(2mL)中,然后加入三氟乙酸(1mL)。反应0.5小时后,将反应液倒入乙腈(10mL)中,析出固体,再加入异丙醇(5mL),过滤,滤饼用乙腈(10mL)洗涤,干燥得产物(50mg,产率57.8%)。
分子式:C13H20N4O6S分子量:360.39 LC-MS(m/z):361.2(M+H+)
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O):4.08-4.12(m,4H),4.02(s,2H),3.90(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),,3.20(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.93(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.59-2.65(m,2H),2.20-2.26(m,2H),2.06-2.09(m,1H),1.94-2.06(m,1H),1.78-1.84(m,1H),1.66-1.78(m,1H).
实施例3(2S,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸·三氟乙酸盐(化合物3的三氟乙酸盐)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000071
(1)1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-甲酸乙酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000072
在反应瓶中加入4-氧代环己烷-1-甲酸乙酯(50g,293.76mmol)、甲苯(300mL)、乙二醇(20g,322.23mmol)和对甲基苯磺酸(1g,5.81mmol)。反应液室温搅拌过夜,加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)稀释,依次用碳酸氢钠溶液(200mL×2)和水(200mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:20-1:10),得到黄色油状标题物(33g,产率52.0%)。
(2)二乙基1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8,8-二甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000073
在反应瓶中加入二异丙胺(10g,98.82mmol)和四氢呋喃(250mL),抽换三次氮气,体系在氮气保护下,-30℃滴加正丁基锂(41mL),加料结束后-30℃反应30分钟。然后-78℃滴加1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-甲酸乙酯(20g,93.35mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液,-78℃反应1小时,加入氯甲酸乙酯(12g,110.57mmol)的四氢呋喃(50mL)溶液。-78℃继续反应0.5小时。加入水(50mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(300mL)稀释,分液,有机相用水(200mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:20-1:15),得到黄色油状标题物(23g,产率86.5%)。
(3)1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8,8-二基)二甲醇的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000074
氮气保护下,向反应瓶中加入四氢铝锂(7.3g,192.4mmol)和四氢呋喃(500mL)。0℃滴加二乙基1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8,8-二甲酸酯(23g,80.33mmol)的四氢呋喃(300mL)溶液,0℃搅拌30分钟,加水(7.3mL)淬灭,过滤,滤饼用四氢呋喃(300mL×3)洗涤,分出有机层,加入无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:15-1:5),得到白色固体标题化合物(14g,产率87.5%)。
(4)2-(2,4-二甲氧基苄基)-8,11-二氧杂-2-氮杂二螺[3.3.47.24]十三烷的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000075
1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8,8-二基)二甲醇(8g,39.56mmol)溶于乙腈(160mL),加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(15.3g,118.38mmol),-30℃滴加三氟甲磺酸酐(24.6g,87.19mmol),-30℃反应30分钟,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(15.3g,118.38mmol)和(2,4-二甲氧基苯基)甲胺(7.9g,47.25mmol),升温至80℃反应1.5小时。加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)稀释,用水(300mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷:甲醇=1:50-1:10),得到白色固体标题化合物(4g,产率30%)。
(5)叔丁基8,11-二氧杂-2-氮杂二螺[3.3.47.24]十三烷-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000076
在高压釜中加入2-(2,4-二甲氧基苄基)-8,11-二氧杂-2-氮杂二螺[3.3.47.24]十三烷(4g,12.00mmol)、甲醇(200mL)、Pd/C(10%,800mg)、三乙胺(3.64g,35.97mmol)和二叔丁基二碳酸酯(3.14g,14.39mmol),通入氢气,80℃反应过夜,反应液冷却,浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10-1:5),得到白色固体标题化合物(2.1g,产率62%)。
(6)7-氧代-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000077
将叔丁基8,11-二氧杂-2-氮杂二螺[3.3.47.24]十三烷-2-甲酸酯(2g,7.06mmol)和对甲苯磺酸(244mg,1.42mmol)溶于丙酮与水(10:1,30mL)的混合溶剂中,45℃搅拌过夜。反应液冷却,减压浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10-1:2),得到白色固体标题化合物(1.2g,产率71.0%)。
(7)7-氨基-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000078
将7-氧代-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(1.2g,5.01mmol)和醋酸铵(1.55g,20.11mmol)溶于异丙醇(30mL),-20℃分批加入硼氢化钠(380.76mg,10.02mmol),反应液室温搅拌1小 时。加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释,用水(30mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10-1:1)得到白色固体标题化合物(800mg,产率67%)。
(8)叔丁基7-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000079
氮气保护下,将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸(1.09g,3.95mmol)溶于DMF(20mL)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.28g,9.90mmol),0℃加入HATU(1.88g,4.95mmol),搅拌30分钟后加入7-氨基-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(800mg,3.33mmol),反应液室温继续搅拌2小时,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL),用水(30mL×3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,残余物用硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5-1:1)得到白色固体标题化合物(600mg,产率36.5%)。
(9)(2S,5R)-2-((2-(叔丁氧羰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000080
将叔丁基7-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-2-甲酸酯(600mg,1.20mmol)溶于异丙醇与水(1:1,10mL)的混合溶剂中,加入SO3·NMe3(250mg)和三乙胺(363mg,3.59mmol),然后加入Pd/C(质量分数10%,100mg),用氮气置换三次,然后充入氢气,反应物室温搅拌1小时,过滤,滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×2)萃取,水相中加入水(10mL)和四丁基硫酸铵(2mL),然后用二氯甲烷(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩得到白色固体标题化合物(400mg,产率45.6%)。
(10)(2S,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸·三氟乙酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000081
将(2S,5R)-2-((2-(叔丁氧羰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷-7-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双 环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵(400mg,0.55mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10mL)中,0℃滴加三氟乙酸(1mL),0℃反应1小时,加入乙醚(30mL),过滤得固体,该固体经制备高效液相色谱纯化,得到黄色固体标题化合物(12mg,产率6%)。
分子式:C17H25F3N4O8S,分子量:502.46,LC-MS(ES,m/z):389[M+H]+
1H-NMR(300MHz,D2O)δ:4.15(s,1H),3.95(d,J=6Hz,1H),3.91-3.70(m,5H),3.67-3.54(m,2H),3.41-3.34(m,1H),3.27-3.20(m,1H),2.24-1.92(m,4H),1.89-1.51(m,5H),1.33-1.21(m,2H).
实施例4(2S,5R)-2-((8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物4)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000082
(1)苄基(2S)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基-6-(二甲基(氧代)-λ6-硫叶立德)-5-氧代己酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000083
将三甲基碘化亚砜(16g,72.7mmol)和叔丁醇钾(8g,71.3mmol)加至四氢呋喃(100mL)中,加入DMSO(100mL),25℃搅拌反应2小时,冷却至-10℃左右,加入(S)-2-苄基1-叔丁基5-氧代吡咯烷-1,2-二羧酸酯(20g,62.6mmol)的四氢呋喃(60mL)溶液,加完后维持低温搅拌反应8小时。将反应液用饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL)淬灭,加入乙酸乙酯(100mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩至120mL,直接用于下一步反应。
(2)苄基(S)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-6-氯代己酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000084
将O-苄基羟胺盐酸盐(10.5g,65.8mmol)加入上一步所得的乙酸乙酯(120mL)溶液中,再加入乙酸乙酯(80mL),加热至80℃搅拌反应6小时,将反应液冷却至25℃,加入 饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,分液,分液有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩至100mL,直接用于下一步反应应。
(3)苄基(S)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000085
将甲基磺酸(12mL,0.185mmol)加入上一步所得苄基(S)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-6-氯代己酸酯的乙酸乙酯溶液(100mL)中,加热至40℃左右搅拌反应2小时,将反应液冷却至0℃,缓慢加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100mL),加热至50℃左右搅拌反应2小时。分液,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,所得粗品用硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1)纯化即得标题化合物(9.2g,产率43.4%)。
(4)苄基(2S)-5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000086
将苄基(S)-5-((苄氧基)亚氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯(9g,26.6mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯(100mL)中,加入浓硫酸(7mL),冷却至-20℃,加入NaBH(OAc)3(11g,51.9mmol),25℃搅拌反应6小时。加入水(100mL),用氨水调节pH至7,分液,有机相用水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩至50mL,直接用于下一步反应。
(5)苄基(2S,5R)-5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯草酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000087
将上一步所得苄基(2S)-5-((苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯溶液(50mL)加热至45℃,加入40℃的甲醇(20mL)和草酸(2.4g,26.7mmol)的甲醇(5mL)溶液,冷却至0℃,静置6小时,过滤,滤饼用乙酸乙酯(20mL)洗涤后,加至甲醇(25mL)中,加热至80℃,待全部溶解后,冷却至25℃,静置2小时,过滤,滤饼用甲醇(5mL)洗涤,干燥即得白色标题化合物(4.3g,产率37.7%)。
(6)苄基(2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000088
将苄基(2S,5R)-5-(苄氧基)氨基)哌啶-2-羧酸酯草酸盐(3.7g,8.6mmol)加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)中,加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(25mL)洗涤,分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,真空浓缩。加入乙腈(50mL)溶解,再加入三乙胺(1.8g,17.8mmol),冷却至0℃,加入三光气(1.2g,4mmol),加毕25℃搅拌反应30分钟,再加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.1g,0.8mmol),继续搅拌反应16小时。加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100mL)和二氯甲烷(100mL),分液,水相用二氯甲烷(100mL)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,所得粗品用硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)纯化即得无色油状标题化合物(2.2g,产率71.0%)。
(7)(2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000089
将苄基(2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸酯(2g,5.46mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(20mL)中,加入氢氧化锂一水合物(0.3g,7.14mmol)的水(5mL)溶液,25℃搅拌反应16小时。加入水(20mL)和乙酸乙酯(20mL),搅拌5分钟,分液,水相用乙酸乙酯(10mL)洗涤,加入稀盐酸(11mol/L)调节pH值至2-3。向水相中加入乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩即得白色固体状标题化合物(1.2g,产率80%)。
(8)叔丁基3-((2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000090
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸(0.5g,1.8mmol),叔丁基3-氨基-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-羧酸酯(0.4g,1.8mmol),1-羟基苯并三氮唑(0.25g,1.8mmol),1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(0.7g,3.6mmol)和三乙胺(0.4g,3.9mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10mL)中,氮气保护下25℃搅拌反应16小时。将反应液真空浓缩,所得粗品用硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)分离纯化即得无色油状标题化合物(0.4g, 产率46.5%)。
(9)叔丁基3-((2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000091
将叔丁基3-((2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-羧酸酯(0.4g,0.82mmol)溶于甲醇(10mL)中,加入钯炭(50mg),氢气加压下25℃搅拌反应6小时。过滤,滤液真空浓缩即得标题化合物(0.3g,产率93.8%)。
(10)(2S,5R)-2-((8-(叔丁氧羰基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-基)甲酰氨基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000092
将叔丁基3-((2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-羧酸酯(0.3g,0.76mmol)溶于异丙醇(3mL)和水(3mL)中,加入三乙胺(20mg,0.2mmol)和三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(0.15g,1.1mmol),25℃搅拌反应12小时。加入乙酸乙酯(10mL)和水(10mL),分液,水相中加入四丁基硫酸氢铵水溶液(0.26g,0.76mmol),加入二氯甲烷(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩即得白色标题化合物(0.32g,产率59.2%)。
(11)(2S,5R)-2-((8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物4)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000093
将(2S,5R)-2-((8-(叔丁氧羰基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-基)甲酰氨基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵(0.32g,0.45mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(5mL)中,加入三氟乙酸(1mL),25℃搅拌反应1小时,将反应液浓缩,加入乙醚(10mL),搅拌30分钟,过滤,所得滤饼加至丙酮(10mL)中,搅拌,加入异辛酸钠的丙酮溶液,调节pH值至5,过滤,所得滤饼用Combiflash自动快速纯化色谱(流动相为水)分离纯化即得白色固体状标题化合物 (30mg,产率17.6%)。
分子式:C14H22N4O6S分子量:374.4 LC-MS(m/z):375.3[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ:4.19(s,1H),4.08-4.05(m,3H),3.35-3.31(m,1H),3.05-3.01(m,1H),2.38-2.06(m,10H),1.98-1.81(m,2H).
实施例5(2S,5R)-2-((3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物5)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000094
(1)叔丁基8-(2,4-二甲氧基苄基氨基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000095
将叔丁基8-氧代-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯(0.8g,3.55mmol)和(2,4-二甲氧基苯基)甲胺(0.6g,3.59mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10mL)中,加入乙酸(20μL)和三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(2g,9.44mmol),25℃搅拌反应2小时。将反应液用水(10mL)淬灭,分液,加入二氯甲烷(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,所得粗品用硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)分离纯化即得无色油状标题化合物(0.8g,产率61.5%)。
(2)叔丁基8-氨基-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000096
将叔丁基8-(2,4-二甲氧基苄基氨基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯(0.8g,2.12mmol)溶于甲醇(10mL)中,加入钯炭(0.1g),25℃氢气加压下搅拌反应16小时。过滤,滤液真空浓缩即得无色油状标题化合物(0.46g,产率95.8%)。
(3)叔丁基8-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000097
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸(0.56g,2.03mmol), 叔丁基8-氨基-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯(0.46g,2.03mmol),1-羟基苯并三氮唑(0.3g,2.22mmol),1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(0.8g,4.17mmol)和三乙胺(0.4g,3.9mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10mL)中,氮气保护下25℃搅拌反应16小时。将反应液浓缩,所得粗品用硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)分离纯化即得无色胶状标题化合物(0.52g,产率53.1%)。
(4)叔丁基8-((2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000098
将叔丁基8-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯(0.5g,1.03mmol)溶于甲醇(10mL)中,加入钯炭(50mg),25℃氢气加压下搅拌反应16小时。过滤,滤液真空浓缩即得无色标题化合物(0.37g,产率90.2%)。
(5)叔丁基8-((2S,5R)-7-氧代-6-(磺酰氧基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000099
将叔丁基8-((2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯(0.37g,0.94mmol)溶于异丙醇(3mL)和水(3mL)中,加入三乙胺(25mg,0.25mmol)和三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(0.15g,1.08mmol),25℃搅拌反应16小时。加入乙酸乙酯(10mL)和水(10mL),搅拌后分液,水相中加入Bu4NHSO4(0.33g,0.97mmol),加入二氯甲烷(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩即得无色标题化合物(0.42g,产率95.4%)。
(6)(2S,5R)-2-((3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物5)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000100
将叔丁基8-((2S,5R)-7-氧代-6-(磺酰氧基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3-氮杂 双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3-羧酸酯(0.42g,0.88mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(5mL)中,加入三氟乙酸(1mL),25℃搅拌反应1小时,将反应液浓缩,加入丙酮(10mL),搅拌10分钟,加入异辛酸钠的丙酮溶液,调节pH至5,搅拌10分钟,过滤,所得所得滤饼用Combiflash自动快速纯化色谱(流动相为水)分离纯化即得白色标题化合物(30mg,产率9.1%)。
分子式:C14H22N4O6S分子量:374.4 LC-MS(m/z):375.1[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ:4.43(d,J=13.6Hz,1H),4.17(s,1H),4.09(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.85-3.83(m,1H),3.59(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.08-3.02(m,3H),2.59-2.55(m,2H),2.25-2.20(m,1H),2.09-2.06(m,4H),1.95-1.81(m,4H).
实施例6(2S,5R)-2-((2-甲基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基-硫酸氢酯(化合物6)的制备
(1)(2S,5R)-2-((2-甲基-2-氮杂螺[3,3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷-6-基-硫酸氢酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000101
将(2S,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(46.0g,0.127mol,其制备方法参见实施例2)加入水(460mL)中,向该体系中加入甲醛水溶液(51.53g,0.635mol)、甲醇(65mL)和钯炭(4.6g),用氢气置换3次,25℃反应48小时,HPLC检测原料反应完全。过滤,滤液浓缩至剩余90mL左右,将滤液滴入到异丙醇(1380mL)中析出固体,过滤,滤饼用无水甲醇(100mL)洗,得到标题化合物(26g,产率54.4%)。
分子式:C14H22N4O6S分子量:374.4 LC-MS(M/e):375.2(M+H+)
标题化合物制备成5mg/ml的水溶液,根据中国药典2015年版四部通则0621旋光度测定方法,测得标题化合物的比旋度为-46±-2°。
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.34-4.37(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),4.20-4.23(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),4.10-4.14(m,2H),4.0-4.03(d,J=12Hz,1H),3.88-3.95(m,2H),3.19-3.22(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.92-2.95(d,J=14.0Hz,1H),2.78(s,3H),2.58-2.62(m,2H),2.21-2.27(m,2H),1.93-2.10(m,2H),1.75-1.82(m,1H),1.66-1.70(m,1H)。
实施例6-A(2R,5R)-2-((2-甲基-2-氮杂螺[3,3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛-6-基硫酸(化合物6-2)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000102
(1)(2R,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-6-基硫酸的制备
此化合物的制备参见制备实施例2-A,最终得标题化合物(60mg,产率72.3%)。
(2)(2R,5R)-2-((2-甲基-2-氮杂螺[3,3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛-6-基硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000103
将(2R,5R)-2-((2-氮杂螺[3,3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛-6-基硫酸(50mg,0.139mmol)溶于水(50mL)和甲醇(3mL)混合溶剂中,然后体系中加入甲醛水溶液(0.5mL,37%),钯碳(20mg),25℃加氢16小时,蒸去甲醇,残余物经反相硅胶柱层析(乙腈/水=0%-20%)得标题化合物(9mg,产率17.3%)。
分子式:C14H22N4O6S分子量:374.41 LC-MS(m/z):375.1(M+H+)。
实施例7(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠(化合物7的钠盐)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000104
(1)叔丁基(2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000105
将叔丁基2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基氨基甲酸酯(900mg,4.24mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(30mL)中,0℃下加入乙醛水溶液(质量分数40%,2.3g,52.21mmol)和醋酸(127mg,2.11mmol)。分批加入氰基硼氢化钠(534mg,8.50mmol)。加料完毕后,室温搅拌2小时,加入二氯甲烷(30mL)稀释,水洗(30mL×3),无水硫酸钠干燥,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1~10:1)纯化得白色固体状标题化合物(800mg,产率78.6%)。
(2)2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-胺盐酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000106
将叔丁基(2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酸酯(800mg,3.33mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(15mL)中,通入氯化氢气体,反应液在室温下搅拌2小时,真空浓缩得白色固体状标题化合物(480mg粗品)。
(3)(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000107
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸(828mg,3.00mmol)溶解到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(990mg,7.66mmol)和2-(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(1.46g,3.84mmol),室温搅拌0.5小时,加入2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-胺盐酸盐(480mg,2.72mmol),室温搅拌过夜。加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释,水洗(30mL×3),有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1~5:1)纯化得白色固体状标题化合物(300mg,产率27.7%)。
(4)(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸三甲铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000108
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(300mg,0.75mmol)溶解到异丙醇和水的混合溶剂(1:1,10mL)中,加入三乙胺(227mg,2.25mmol),三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(208mg,1.49mmol)和钯炭(50mg),体系抽真空置换氮气三次,然后置换氢气,室温下搅拌1.5小时。抽滤,除去催化剂,滤液用制备高效液相色谱分离得白色固体状标题化合物(50mg,产率15%)。
(5)(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000109
将(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸三甲铵(50mg,0.11mmol)溶于甲醇(5mL),加入异辛酸钠(93mg,0.56mmol),加完后室温搅拌24小时,粗品经制备高效液相色谱分离得白色固体状标题化合物(3mg,产率7%)。
分子式:C15H23N4NaO6S分子量:410.4 LC-MS(m/z):389[M+H]+
1H-NMR(300MHz,D2O)δ:4.17-3.88(m,6H),3.20-3.15(m,1H),3.05-1.90(m,3H),2.60-2.40(m,2H),2.27-2.20(m,2H),2.04-1.94(m,2H),1.84-1.70(m,2H),1.10-1.00(m,3H).实施例8(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙酰基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠(化合物8的钠盐)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000110
(1)(2S,5R)-N-(2-乙酰基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000111
将反应物粗品溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,25℃加入乙酸酐(0.2mL)和三乙胺(710mg,7.0mmol),搅拌反应4.0小时,LC-MS检测反应完全,减压浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1~30:1)纯化得油状标题化合物(890mg,产率89.1%)。
(2)(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙酰基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000112
将(2S,5R)-N-(2-乙酰基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(0.89g,2.16mmol)溶于异丙醇(20mL)和水(20mL)的混合溶剂中,依次加入钯炭(89mg,质量分数10%)、三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(361mg,2.59mmol)和三乙胺(54.6mg,0.54mmol),置换氢气,25℃搅拌16小时。LC-MS检测反应基本完全,抽滤,滤液浓缩,加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL),分液得水相,加入四丁基硫酸氢铵(807mg,2.38mmol),25℃下搅拌0.5小时后加入二氯甲烷(100mL),分液得有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,滤液浓缩得白色标题化合物(1.2g,产率86.3%)。
(3)(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙酰基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000113
将(2S,5R)-2-((2-乙酰基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵(0.2g,0.31mmol)溶于异丁醇(5mL)和水(0.05mL)的混合溶剂中,搅拌下加入异辛酸钠(103mg,0.62mmol),25℃下搅拌2.0小时,减压浓缩,加入异丁醇(1mL),超声震荡,抽滤得白色固体,将固体溶于甲醇(5mL)中,浓缩,经反相制备色谱分离(乙腈:水=0~37%)得白色标题化合物(30mg,22.8%)。
分子式:C15H21N4NaO7S分子量:424.4 LC-MS(m/z):403.1[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.25(s,1H),4.15-4.11(m,3H),4.00(s,1H),3.93-3.88(m,2H),3.27-3.22(m,1H),2.97(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),2.58-2.52(m,2H),2.22-2.17(m,2H),2.12-1.97(m,2H),1.84-1.70(m,5H).
实施例9(2S,5R)-2-((2-(甲基磺酰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物9)制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000114
(1)(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-(甲基磺酰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000115
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-N-(2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺和三乙胺(773mg,7.65mmol)加入到二氯甲烷(16mL)中,降温至0℃,缓慢滴加甲基磺酰氯(436mg,3.82mmol),滴加完毕升温至25℃搅拌2小时。反应完毕,加入水(100mL)和二氯甲烷(100mL),分层得有机相,浓缩,硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1~1:1)得标题化合物(750mg,两步产率65.8%)。
(2)(2S,5R)-6-羟基-N-(2-(甲基磺酰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000116
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-(甲基磺酰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(400mg,0.9mmol)溶于甲醇(30mL)中,加入Pd/C(40mg,10%w/w),置换氢气,25℃搅拌16小时。反应完毕,抽滤,滤液蒸干得标题化合物,未经纯化直接用于下一步。
(3)(2S,5R)-2-((2-(甲基磺酰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000117
将上一步产物(2S,5R)-6-羟基-N-(2-(甲基磺酰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺溶于异丙醇(20mL)和水(20mL)的混合溶剂中,加入三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(150mg,1.08mmol)和三乙胺(23mg,0.23mmol),25℃搅拌16小时。反应完毕,加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL)。分层得水相,向水相中加入四丁基硫酸氢铵(340mg,1.0mmol),25℃下搅拌20分钟后加入二氯甲烷(100mL),分层得有机相,水相用二氯甲烷(50mL×2)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,滤液蒸干得白色标题化合物粗品。将粗品溶于异丁醇和水的混合溶剂(100:1,10mL)中,加入异辛酸钠(300mg,1.8mmol),25℃下搅拌2小时析出白色固体,过滤,滤饼干燥标题化合物(37mg,两步产率9.4%)。
分子式:C14H22N4O8S2分子量:438.5 LC-MS(m/z):437.1[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.13-4.09(m,2H),3.96(s,2H),3.90-3.85(m,3H),3.20(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),2.96-2.92(m,4H),2.57-2.52(m,2H),2.20-2.15(m,2H),2.10-1.94(m,2H),1.83-1.66(m,2H).
实施例10(2S,5R)-7-氧代-2-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基氨基甲酰基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物10)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000118
(1)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-醇的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000119
将螺[3.3]庚烷-2-酮(1.1g,10mmol)加入到甲醇(50mL)中,冰浴冷却,分批缓慢加入 硼氢化钠(418mg,11mmol),然后升温至25℃反应2小时。反应完毕,减压浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(100mL),依次用水(30mL)和饱和食盐水(30mL)洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空浓缩,得到无色油状物(962mg,产率85.9%)。
(2)2-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000120
将螺[3.3]庚烷-2-醇(962mg,8.6mmol)、邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1.26g,8.6mmol)和三苯基膦(4.51g,17.2mmol)溶于干燥的四氢呋喃(50mL)中,氮气保护,冰水浴冷却下滴加偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(3.0g,17.2mmol),加完后升温至25℃反应2小时,加入乙酸乙酯(150mL),用饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)得产物(1.56g,产率75.2%)。
(3)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000121
将2-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(1.56g,6.47mmol)溶于甲醇(30mL)中,加入水合肼(1.88g,30mmol,80%),然后20℃反应6小时。反应完毕,抽滤,减压浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(150mL),用水(100mL)洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)分离提纯得产物(561mg,产率78.1%)。
(4)(2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-N-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000122
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸(500mg,1.81mmol)、螺[3.3]庚烷-2-胺(201mg,1.81mmol)、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(384mg,2.0mmol)、1-羟基苯并三唑(270mg,2.0mmol)和三乙胺(202mg,2.0mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(30mL)中,20℃反应2小时,反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(200mL),依次用饱和碳酸氢钠 (100mL)和饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空浓缩,柱色谱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1)提纯得产物(371mg,产率55.5%)。
(5)(2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-N-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000123
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄氧基)-7-氧代-N-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(371mg,1.0mmol)溶于甲醇(15mL)中,加入钯炭催化剂(9.6mg,10%),置换氢气,反应1小时。反应完毕,抽滤,减压浓缩得无色油状物(225mg,产率80.6%)。
(6)(2S,5R)-7-氧代-2-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基氨基甲酰基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000124
将(2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-N-(螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(225mg,0.81mmol),三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(125mg,0.90mmol)溶于异丙醇(15mL)和水(15mL)的混合溶液中,25℃反应12小时,加入水(50mL),用乙酸乙酯(50mL)洗涤,水相加入四丁基硫酸氢铵(9.6g,60mmol),25℃反应1小时,水相用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相干燥,真空浓缩,用乙腈(1mL)洗涤,抽滤,得产物白色固体(63mg,产率21.8%)。
分子式:C14H21N3O6S分子量:359.4 LC-MS(m/z):360.1[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.10-4.08(m,1H),4.05-3.95(m,1H),3.87-3.85(m,1H),3.21-3.16(m,1H),2.94-2.90(m,1H),2.41-2.23(m,2H),2.10-2.02(m,1H),1.95-1.90(m,3H),1.85-1.65(m,8H).
实施例11(2S,5R)-2-((6-氨基螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物11)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000125
(1)叔丁基(6-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000126
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酸(0.5g,1.8mmol)和(6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(0.5g,2.2mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(50mL)中,氮气保护下降温至0℃,加入1-羟基苯并三氮唑(0.4g,3.0mmol)、三乙胺(0.9g,8.9mmol)和1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(0.7g,3.7mmol),升温至25℃反应16小时。反应完毕,加入水(50mL)和二氯甲烷(50mL),分液得有机相,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1)纯化得标题化合物(0.4g,产率45.9%)。
(2)叔丁基6-((2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000127
将叔丁基(6-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(0.4g,0.83mmol)溶于甲醇(30mL)中,加入Pd/C(10%,40mg),置换氢气,25℃反应16小时。反应完毕,抽滤,滤液浓缩得标题化合物,未经纯化直接用于下一步。
(3)(2S,5R)-2-((6-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000128
将上一步产物叔丁基6-((2S,5R)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯溶于异丙醇(20mL)和水(20mL)的混合溶液中,加入三甲基铵三氧化硫复合物(0.2g,1.4mmol)和三乙胺(30mg,0.3mmol),25℃反应16小时。反应完毕,加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(100mL)。分液得水相,向水相中加入四丁基硫酸氢铵(0.6g,1.77mmol),25℃下搅拌20分钟后加入二氯甲烷(100mL),分层得有机相,水相用二氯甲烷(50mL×2)萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,滤液浓缩得标题化合物,未经纯化直接用于下一步。
(4)(2S,5R)-2-((6-氨基螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6- 基氢硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000129
将上一步产物(2S,5R)-2-((6-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)螺[3.3]庚烷-2-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,降温至0℃,加入三氟乙酸(10mL)。0℃下反应0.5小时。反应完毕,减压浓缩溶剂得粗品,粗品用乙腈(40mL×3)洗涤得标题化合物(90mg,三步产率29.0%)。
分子式:C14H22N4O6S分子量:374.4 LC-MS(m/z):375.1[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.12-4.10(m,2H),3.90(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.70-3.60(m,1H),3.20(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.95(dd,J1=12.0Hz,J2=10.4Hz,1H),2.46-2.43(m,2H),2.31-2.27(m,2H),2.15-2.14(m,2H),2.13-2.11(m,3H),2.10-1.97(m,3H),1.88-1.75(m,1H),1.73-1.62(m,1H).
实施例12(2S,5R)-2-((2-丁基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物12)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000130
(1)(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-丁基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000131
将反应物粗品溶于四氢呋喃(20mL)中,0℃加入丁醛(0.67g,9.3mmol),搅拌反应1小时,加入三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(1.97g,9.3mmol),搅拌0.5小时后,LC-MS检测反应完全,减压浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1~10:1)纯化得油状标题化合物(550mg,两步产率55.0%)。
(2)(2S,5R)-N-(2-丁基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000132
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-丁基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(0.55g,1.3mmol)溶解到甲醇(20mL)中,加入钯炭(55mg,质量分数10%),置换氢气,25℃搅拌3小时。LC-MS检测反应完全,抽滤,滤液浓缩得标题化合物(435mg,产率99.5%)。
(3)(2S,5R)-2-((2-丁基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000133
将(2S,5R)-N-(2-丁基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(435mg,1.29mmol)溶于吡啶(10mL)中,搅拌下加入三氧化硫吡啶络合物(575mg,3.61mmol),25℃下搅拌17小时,浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL),超声震荡,抽滤得白色固体,将固体溶于乙腈(10mL)中,加入三氟乙酸(0.5mL),超声震荡,出现白色沉淀,抽滤,固体溶于水(3mL),经反相制备分离(乙腈:水=0~37%)得白色标题化合物(20mg,产率3.7%)。
分子式:C17H28N4O6S分子量:416.5 LC-MS(m/z):417.2[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.25-4.23(m,1H),4.11-3.86(m,6H),3.18(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.05-2.89(m,3H),2.68-2.59(m,1H),2.57-2.48(s,1H),2.27-2.17(m,2H),2.06-1.92(m,2H),1.83-1.73(m,1H),1.69-1.60(m,1H),1.42-1.35(m,2H),1.25-1.16(m,2H),0.79-0.71(m,3H).
实施例13(2S,5R)-2-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物13)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000134
(1)(2S,5R)-6-(苯甲氧基)-N-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000135
将(2S,5R)-6-(苯甲氧基)-7-氧代-N-(2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺粗品和(1-乙氧基环丙氧基)三甲基硅烷(1.7g,9.75mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(50mL)中,加入乙酸(50μL),25℃搅拌反应30分钟,再加入氰基硼氢化钠(0.8g,12.74mmol), 加热至50℃搅拌反应16小时。将反应液用水(100mL)淬灭,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,所得粗品用硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)即得无色胶状标题化合物(0.8g,两步产率40.0%)。
(2)(2S,5R)-N-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000136
将(2S,5R)-6-(苯甲氧基)-N-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(0.8g,1.95mmol)溶于甲醇(10mL)中,加入钯炭(0.2g),25℃氢气加压下搅拌反应16小时,过滤,浓缩即得无色胶状标题化合物(0.6g,产率96.8%)。
(3)(2S,5R)-2-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸吡啶的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000137
将(2S,5R)-N-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(0.6g,1.87mmol)溶于吡啶(10mL)中,加入三氧化硫吡啶(0.9g,5.65mmol),25℃搅拌反应16小时。将反应液浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL×5)洗涤,所得固体用水溶解后,用Combiflash纯化(流动相:乙腈/水=0-20%)即得标题化合物粗品溶液。
(4)(2S,5R)-2-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000138
将上一步所得(2S,5R)-2-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸吡啶粗品溶液浓缩至5mL,加入异辛酸钠调节pH=7,用Combiflash纯化(流动相:乙腈/水=0-20%)即得标题化合物粗品溶液。
(5)(2S,5R)-2-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000139
将(2S,5R)-2-(2-环丙基-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠的粗品溶液浓缩至5mL,加入三氟乙酸调节pH=5,用Combiflash纯化(流动相:乙腈/水=0-10%),冷冻干燥即得白色固体状标题化合物(80mg,三步产率10.7%)。
分子式:C16H24N4O6S分子量:400.4 LC-MS(m/z):401.1[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.25-4.10(m,6H),3.93(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),3.25(d,J=12Hz,1H),2.98(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),2.90-2.83(m,1H),2.69-2.62(m,2H),2.33-2.28(m,2H),2.18-2.10(m,1H),2.08-1.97(m,1H),1.90-1.80(m,1H),1.79-1.69(m,1H),0.85-0.78(m,2H),0.76-0.71(m,2H).
实施例14(2S,5R)-2-((2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠(化合物14的钠盐)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000140
(1)(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000141
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-N-(2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺粗品和环丙甲醛(1.2g,17.1mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(50mL)中,加入乙酸(50μL),25℃搅拌30分钟,再加入氰基硼氢化钠(428mg,6.8mmol),25℃反应16小时。将反应液用水(100mL)淬灭,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,所得粗品用硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)即得无色胶状标题化合物(0.7g,两步产率48.6%)。
(2)(2S,5R)-N-(2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000142
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺(0.7g,1.65mmol)溶于甲醇(10mL)中,加入钯炭(0.2g),25℃氢气加压下反应16小时。过滤,浓缩即得无色胶状标题化合物化合物粗品,直接用于下一步反应。
(3)(2S,5R)-2-((2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸吡啶的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000143
将上一步所得(2S,5R)-N-(2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)-6-羟基-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰胺粗品溶于吡啶(10mL)中,加入三氧化硫吡啶(1.3g,8.23mmol),25℃反应16小时。将反应液浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)洗涤,所得固体用水溶解后,用Combiflash纯化(流动相:乙腈/水=0-20%)即得标题化合物粗品溶液。
(4)(2S,5R)-2-((2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸钠的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000144
将上一步所得(2S,5R)-2-((2-(环丙基甲基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-6-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-6-基硫酸吡啶的粗品溶液浓缩至(5mL),加入异辛酸钠调节pH=7,用Combiflash纯化(流动相:乙腈/水=0-20%)即得白色固体状标题化合物(75mg,三步产率10.4%)。
分子式:C17H25N4NaO6S分子量:436.5 LC-MS(m/z):416.2[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.23(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),4.10-4.02(m,4H),3.95(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),3.84(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.15(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),2.88(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),2.63(s,1H),2.49(s,1H),2.24-2.18(m,2H),2.01-1.99(m,1H),1.91-1.89(m,1H),1.76-1.74(m,1H),1.69-1.59(m,1H),0.81-0.79(m,1H),0.49-0.46(m,2H),0.18-0.14(m,2H)
实施例15(2S,5R)-2-(3,9-二氮杂二环[3.3.1]壬烷-7-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸(化合物15)的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000145
(1)4-((4-甲氧基苄基)-(3-乙氧基羰基烯丙基)氨基)丁-2-烯酸乙酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000146
将4-甲氧基苄胺(29.8g,217.2mmol)溶于乙醇(1L)中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(84.25g,651.6mmol),缓慢加入4-溴巴豆酸乙酯(75%,122.96g,477.84mmol),油浴加热至40℃,反应16小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)检测反应完全,真空浓缩,加水(500mL),乙酸乙酯(500mL×2)萃取,有机相合并,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化得标题化合物(76g,产率96.8%)。
(2)二乙基2,2'-(4-(4-甲氧基苄基)哌嗪-2,6-二基)二乙酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000147
将4-((4-甲氧基苄基)-(3-乙氧基羰基烯丙基)氨基)丁-2-烯酸乙酯(10g,27.67mmol)溶于乙醇(50mL)中,加入氨水(30mL),80℃封管反应16小时,TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)检测反应完全,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)纯化得标题化合物(5.1g,产率48.7%)。
(3)二乙基2,2'-(哌嗪-2,6-二基)二乙酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000148
将二乙基2,2'-(4-(4-甲氧基苄基)哌嗪-2,6-二基)二乙酸酯(3g,7.93mmol)溶于三氟乙酸(50mL)中,加入苯甲醚(1mL),90℃反应48小时,TLC检测反应完全(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1),真空浓缩得粗品(3.5g),直接用于下一步。
(4)二叔丁基2,6-双(2-乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)哌嗪-1,4-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000149
将二乙基2,2'-(哌嗪-2,6-二基)二乙酸酯(3.5g粗品)溶于二氯甲烷(50mL)中,加入三乙胺(4.82g,47.58mmol)和二碳酸二叔丁酯(5.19g,23.79mmol),25℃反应16小时,TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)检测反应完全,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化得标题化合物(2.2g,两步产率60.6%)。
(5)3,9-二叔丁基6-乙基7-氧代-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,6,9-三羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000150
将二叔丁基2,6-双(2-乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)哌嗪-1,4-二羧酸酯(2.2g,4.8mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(30mL)中,缓慢加入叔丁醇钾(1.89g,16.8mmol),升温至40℃搅拌16小时。TLC(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)检测反应完全,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)纯化得标题化合物(1.7g,产率85.9%)。
(6)3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬-7-酮的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000151
将3,9-二叔丁基6-乙基7-氧代-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,6,9-三羧酸酯(1.7g,4.12mmol)溶于的盐酸(6mol/L,30mL)中,升温至100℃搅拌16小时,TLC检测(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)反应完全,减压浓缩得标题化合物(1.5g粗品),直接用于下一步反应。
(7)二叔丁基7-氧代-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,9-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000152
将3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬-7-酮(1.5g粗品)溶于二氯甲烷(50mL)中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(3.2g,24.72mmol)和二碳酸二叔丁酯(2.7g,12.36mmol),25℃搅拌16小时,TLC检测(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)反应完全,真空减压浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化得标题化合物(950mg,两步产率67.9%)。
(8)二叔丁基7-氨基-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,9-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000153
将二叔丁基7-氧代-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,9-二羧酸酯(950mg,2.79mmol)溶于氨甲醇溶液(7mol/L,25mL)中,加入钛酸四异丙酯(3.17g,11.16mmol),25℃搅拌16小时,加入硼氢化钠(527mg,13.95mmol),TLC检测(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1)反应完全,加入氨水(5mL),滤去不溶物,滤液真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1)纯化得标题化合物(520mg,产率54.6%)。
(9)二叔丁基7-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,9-二羧酸酯的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000154
将(2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-羧酸(364.7mg,1.32mmol)和二叔丁基7-氨基-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,9-二羧酸酯(450mg,1.32mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL),加入三乙胺(400.7mg,3.96mmol)、1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(379.6mg,1.98mmol)和1-羟基苯并三氮唑(267.5mg,1.98mmol),25℃搅拌16小时,TLC检测(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)反应完全,真空浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)得标题化合物(250mg,产率31.6%)。
(10)(2S,5R)-2-((3,9-双(叔丁氧基羰基)-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-7-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000155
将二叔丁基7-((2S,5R)-6-(苄基氧基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3,9-二羧酸酯(250mg,0.417mmol)溶解到异丙醇(4mL)和水(4mL)的混合溶剂中,依次加入钯炭(25mg,质量分数10%)、三乙胺(10.5mg,0.104mmol)和三氧化硫三甲胺络合物(69.6mg,0.5mmol),置换氢气,25℃反应16小时。滤去钯炭,加入水(10mL),乙酸乙酯(10mL)萃取,分液得水相,加入四丁基硫酸氢铵(141.6mg,0.417mmol),二氯甲烷(25mL×3)萃取,有机相合并,真空浓缩得标题化合物(195mg,产率56.3%)。
(11)(2S,5R)-2-(3,9-二氮杂二环[3.3.1]壬烷-7-基氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基氢硫酸的制备
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000156
将(2S,5R)-2-((3,9-双(叔丁氧基羰基)-3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬-7-基)氨基甲酰基)-7-氧代-1,6-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-6-基硫酸四正丁基铵(195mg,0.235mmol)加入到二氯甲烷(2mL)中,降温至0℃,加入三氟乙酸(2mL)。0℃下反应1小时,减压浓缩溶剂,加入乙腈(10mL)超声震荡,出现沉淀,抽滤,固体真空干燥得标题化合物(64mg,产率70%)。
分子式:C14H23N5O6S分子量:389.4 LC-MS(m/z):390.2[M+H]+
1H-NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ:4.22-4.08(m,4H),3.94(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.52-3.35(m,4H),3.22-3.20(m,1H),2.96(d,J=12Hz,1H),2.68-2.55(m,2H),2.15-1.90(m,2H),1.89-1.62(m,4H).
化合物(a)的合成方法亦可参见专利PCT/CN2016/095837。
实验方案
以下提供本发明的部分示例性实验方案,以显示本发明药物产品的有益活性和有益技术效果。但是应当理解,下述实验方案仅仅是对本发明内容的示例,而不是对本发明范围的限制。本领域技术人员在本说明书的教导下,能够对本发明的技术方案进行适当的修改或改变,而不背离本发明的精神和范围。
实验例1化合物(a)的体外抗菌活性
供试菌种:实验用产酶标准菌株均购自ATCC,临床分离CRE菌株均购自第三军医大学西南医院。
供试品:部分化合物(a)或化合物(a)的盐,其化学名称和制备方法见各化合物的制备实施例。
对照药:阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐、MK-7655均由山东轩竹医药科技有限公司自制,其结构式如背景技术所述。
实验方法:琼脂稀释法,参考M100-S23:Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing;Twenty-Third Informational Supplement(Clinical And Laboratory Standards Institute,2013),计算最小抑菌浓度(MIC,minimum inhibitory concentration, μg/mL)。
实验结果:
表1、化合物(a)对ATCC产酶标准菌株的体外抗菌活性(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000157
注:斜线“/”表示未测定。
表2、化合物(a)对临床分离CRE菌株的体外抗菌活性(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000158
注:ESBLs代表“超广谱β-内酰胺酶;斜线“/”表示未测定。
表3、化合物(a)对产酶菌株的体外抗菌活性(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000159
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000160
实验结论:
由表1、表2、表3的实验结果可判断,化合物(a)对β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药细菌的抑制作用明显优于对照药阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐或MK-7655,特别是由B类金属酶导致的细菌耐药性问题,说明化合物(a)可以解决由β-内酰胺酶引起的抗生素耐药问题;针对以上供试菌株有较好的抗菌活性,说明化合物(a)或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体具有较好的临床应用潜力。
实验例2化合物(a)的体外酶学活性实验
供试品:部分化合物(a)或化合物(a)的盐,其化学名称和制备方法见各化合物的制备实施例。
对照药:阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐、MK-7655均由山东轩竹医药科技有限公司自制,其结构式如背景技术所述。
实验方法:
头孢硝噻(Nitrocefin,头孢菌素类抗生素)对大部分β-内酰胺酶敏感,被水解后会发生颜色变化。通过实时记录反应体系内相对应的吸光度测定Nitrocefin水解的速率。β-内酰胺酶抑制剂会抑制酶对Nitrocefin的水解作用,降低水解的速率。通过测定不同抑制剂浓度下相同反应体系内的反应速率,计算出抑制剂的IC50(half maximal inhibitory concentration)。
1.试剂配制:
将Nitrocefin溶于DMSO中,配制浓度为2mM,分装存放于-20℃。所购β-内酰胺酶母液为1mg/mL,将母液溶于50%甘油。取部分母液稀释1000倍于反应液,分装存放于-20℃。2.化合物溶液配制:
将待测化合物溶解于DMSO中,配制浓度为10mM的母液。如当天不使用,该母液存放于-20℃。其测试终浓度为:100μM,25μM,6.25μM,1.563μM,390.6nM,97.66nM,24.41nM,6.10nM,1.53nM,0.381nM,0.095nM。(EDTA-Na2作为NDM-1测试的对照起始终浓度为20mM)。
3.反应体系:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000161
实验1结果:
表4、化合物(a)对β-内酰胺酶的抑制活性(IC50)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000162
注:斜线“/”表示未测定。
实验2结果:
表5、化合物(a)对β-内酰胺酶的抑制活性(IC50,nM)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000163
实验3结果
表6、化合物(a)对β-内酰胺酶的抑制活性(IC50)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000164
实验结论:
由上表可判断,化合物(a)或其盐对β-内酰胺酶有较好的抑制作用,且优于或相当于对照药阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐或MK-7655的抑制活性。
实验例3化合物(a)与抗生素联用的体外抗菌活性
供试品:部分化合物(a)或化合物(a)的盐,其化学名称和制备方法如上所述。
对照药:阿维巴坦(Avibactam,AVI)钠盐,购买自济南新正医药科技有限公司;MK-7655,自制,参照WO2009091856A2中(公开日2009-07-23)的制备方法;头孢他啶(ceftazidime,CAZ),购买自南京生利德生物科技有限公司。
供试菌种:实验用产酶标准菌株均购自ATCC,临床分离CRE菌株均购自第三军医大学西南医院。
实验方法:琼脂稀释法,参考M100-S23:Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing;Twenty-Third Informational Supplement(Clinical And Laboratory Standards Institute,2013),固定化合物的浓度,计算最小抑菌浓度(MIC,minimum inhibitory concentration,μg/mL)。
实验结果:
表7、本发明组合物对ATCC产酶标准菌株的体外抗菌活性MIC(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000165
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000166
注:短线“—”表示未进行测试。
表8、本发明组合物对ATCC产酶标准菌株的体外抗菌活性MIC(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000167
表9、本发明组合物对ATCC产酶标准菌株的体外抗菌活性MIC(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000168
注:短线“—”表示未进行测试。
表10、本发明组合物对ATCC产酶标准菌株的体外抗菌活性MIC(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000169
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000170
注:短线“—”表示未进行测试。
表11、本发明组合物对ATCC产酶标准菌株的体外抗菌活性MIC(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000171
注:短线“—”表示未进行测试。
表12、本发明组合物对临床分离CRE菌株的体外抗菌活性MIC(μg/mL)
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000172
注:短线“—”表示未进行测试。
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000173
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000174
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000175
实验结论:
由表7-13中的实验结果可知,本发明的组合物对以上由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性细菌具有良好的抗菌活性,且抑制作用优于头孢他啶单组分、阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐与头孢他啶的组合物、和/或MK-7655与头孢他啶的组合物,尤其对产B类金属酶的细菌,可以使头孢他啶的有效浓度降低达1000多倍。
由表14-15中的实验结果可知,本发明不同比例的组合物对β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性细菌有良好的抗菌效果,优于头孢他啶单组份、阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐与头孢他啶的组合物、和/或MK-7655与头孢他啶的组合物的抗菌效果,尤其对产B类金属酶的细菌,有效降低了头孢他啶的有效浓度。本发明不同比例的组合物中,化合物与头孢他啶的比例为1:1时,抗菌效果最好,即头孢他啶的有效浓度越低。
由以上结果可知,本发明组合物可有效用于由一种或多种β-内酰胺酶引起的细菌耐药性疾病;特别地,对由B类β-内酰胺金属酶引起的细菌耐药性疾病,本发明组合物具有较好的临床应用潜力。
实验例4本发明组合物在嗜中性粒细胞减少症小鼠大腿感染模型中的体内杀菌作用实验
供试品:本发明部分化合物,其化学名称和制备方法如上所述;抗菌剂:头孢他啶(ceftazidime,CAZ),购买自南京生利德生物科技有限公司。
对照药:阿维巴坦(Avibactam,AVI)钠盐,购买自济南新正医药科技有限公司;MK-7655,自制,参照WO2009091856A2中(公开日2009-07-23)的制备方法。
实验方法:
1.体外抗菌活性实验
参照实验例1的方法,固定化合物的浓度,计算抗生素(CAZ)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC,minimum inhibitory concentration,μg/mL),结果如表16所示。
2.动物体内实验
动物
在实验中使用体重25±2g的雌性CD-1(ICR)SPF级小鼠。通过两种剂量的环磷酰胺腹腔注射:一种在感染实验前4天(150mg/kg),而另一种在感染实验前1天(100mg/kg)来诱发粒细胞减少。
将动物在SPF级环境下饲养,不限水粮。
菌株
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000176
感染
将菌液浓度约为105-107cfu/mL的细菌悬浮液经肌内接种到中性粒细胞减少性小鼠两侧大腿内,每侧接种体积为0.1mL。
单组分或组合物药液的配制
用5%葡萄糖注射液或1%Na2CO3水溶液将相应的药物进行溶解,涡旋混匀配制成高浓度溶液,然后依次稀释成其他浓度溶液。对于联用药液,在给药前将两药物溶液按1:1(V/V)混合混匀后使用,具体配制浓度如下表所示:
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000177
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000178
给药
t=0h,即引发感染后2h开始给药或溶媒(对照)进行治疗,给药剂量为10mL/kg,给药途径为静脉给药或皮下给药,给药频率为每隔2、4、8或12小时(q2h、q4h、q8h或q12h)(24h内)。在治疗开始后24小时从所有动物收获大腿,未能存活24小时的小鼠在断气时收获。所有研究小鼠的收获均颈椎脱臼处死。处死后,将大腿取出,剔去腿骨,并每只腿肌肉单独在生理盐水中制匀浆。将大腿肌肉匀浆进行梯度稀释,然后取所需稀释液在营养琼脂上进行铺板,用于CFU测定。除上文提到的治疗组和溶媒对照组以外,在给药开始时收获另一组3只感染的未治疗的小鼠,在t=0h,将3只小鼠人道地处死,以测定治疗前即刻的初始接种物。药物效果测定为t=24h与t=0h时log10[cfu/thigh]值之间的差异(3只鼠的平均值),表示为“Mean(logCFU/thigh)change”。结果如表17-19所示。
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000179
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000180
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000181
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000182
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000183
实验结论:
由表16的实验结果可判断,本发明组合物对β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药细菌的抑制作用明显优于头孢他啶单组分、化合物单组分、和/或阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐与头孢他啶的组合物,特别是对产B类金属酶(NDM-1、IMP、VIM)的细菌抑制作用显著优于阿维巴坦(AVI)钠盐与头孢他啶组合物。
由表17的实验结果可判断,在中性粒细胞减少性大腿感染模型中,针对产A类β-内酰胺酶(KPC、SHV)、超广谱酶的标准菌株和临床菌株,本发明组合物的体内药效活性优于头孢他啶单组分、化合物单组分、和/或头孢他啶-阿维巴坦钠盐组合物;其中,头孢他啶+化合物2的体内药效活性呈配比依赖性增大,其以4:1及以上联用对治疗上述菌株所致感染更有优势;头孢他啶+化合物6以4:1联用的药效活性虽较弱于同等配比的头孢他啶+化合物2的活性,但明显优于头孢他啶单用的药效活性。
由表18的实验结果可判断,在中性粒细胞减少性大腿感染模型中,针对B类金属β-内酰胺酶(IMP,NDM-1)、C类β-内酰胺酶(AmpC)、超广谱酶的标准菌株和临床菌株,本发明组合物的药效活性优于头孢他啶单组分、化合物单组分、和/或头孢他啶-阿维巴坦钠盐的组合物;其中头孢他啶+化合物2的体内药效活性呈配比依赖性增大,并且随着给药频率的增加而增强,其以4:1及以上联用对治疗上述菌株所致感染更有优势;头孢他啶+化合物6的药效活性明显优于头孢他啶单用的药效活性。
由表19的实验结果可判断,在中性粒细胞减少性大腿感染模型中,针对D类β-内酰胺酶(OXA)、超广谱酶的临床菌株,本发明组合物的药效活性优于头孢他啶单组分、化合物单组分、和/或头孢他啶-阿维巴坦钠盐的组合物;其中头孢他啶+化合物2以2:1联用对治疗上述菌株所致感染更有优势。
因此,本发明组合物可以解决由一种或多种β-内酰胺酶引起的细菌耐药性问题,特别是由B类金属酶导致的细菌耐药性问题。
实验例5本发明组合物在BAA-1705致小鼠败血症模型中的体内杀菌试验
供试品:化合物6,其化学名称和制备方法如上所述;头孢他啶(ceftazidime,CAZ)由山东轩竹医药科技有限公司提供。
化合物6配制方法:
溶剂:5%葡萄糖注射液
配制:取化合物加入5%葡萄糖注射液溶解,经0.22μm滤膜过滤除菌,然后再用溶剂进行稀释至所需浓度。
CAZ配制方法
溶剂:1%Na2CO3水溶液
配制:取化合物加入1%Na2CO3水溶液溶解,经0.22μm滤膜过滤除菌,然后再用溶剂进行稀释至所需浓度。
联用药液,在给药前将两药物溶液按1:1(V/V)混合混匀后,使用。
试验动物
具有动物合格证的SPF级昆明种小鼠,体重18~22g,雌雄各半。
动物饲养于SPF级环境中。
试验菌株
菌株名称:肺炎克雷伯菌;
菌株编号:BAA-1705;
产酶信息:KPC;
来源:ATCC。
化合物6与CAZ对该BAA-1705的体外最低抑菌浓度情况见下表。
化合物6与CAZ对BAA-1705的MIC值
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000184
感染
100%最小致死量(MLD)的菌液浓度约为107CFU/ml,即将2.0#麦氏浊度菌液用0.5%干酵母溶液稀释5倍作为注射菌液,经腹腔注射菌液感染小鼠(0.5ml/只)。
给药剂量设置与给药
试验设置2个模型对照组(100%MLD和1/10MLD组),1个溶剂组,供试药设 定10个给药剂量组。将禁食后体重在18~22g昆明种小鼠,随机分组,每组8只,雌雄各半,实验动物共分18组。
剂量设置
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000185
受试动物感染细菌1h和4h后,各皮下给药一次,每只小鼠给药体积为10mL/kg。结果观察
给药后,逐日观察,连续观察7天。于给药后第7天,计数各组小鼠死亡数,并与对照组比较进行统计处理,并以存活率作为评价药效的指标。
实验结果
表20化合物6与CAZ对BAA-1705致小鼠败血症体内保护作用试验结果
Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-000186
ED50:是指在头孢他啶与化合物6以固定配比(头孢他啶:化合物6=2:1)治疗败血症的试验模型的量效反应中,能保护50%的实验动物存活的药量。
由表20可以看出本次试验模型对照组:100%MLD和1/10MLD组死亡率均为100%,说明本次试验造模成功,感染菌量稍偏大。
综合上述体内抗菌作用试验结果分析如下:
1.CAZ单用时,在给药剂量为512mg/kg时,对感染小鼠无保护作用;
2.CAZ与化合物6联用的ED50为25.13/12.56mg/kg,在给药剂量为≤16/8mg/kg时,对感染小鼠的保护作用较差,只有12.5%,当给药剂量为256/128mg/kg时,对感染小鼠的保护作用即可达到100%。
实验结论
与CAZ单用相比,本发明的组合物显著提高了BAA-1705致败血症的小鼠的存活率,且降低了头孢他啶的有效浓度,对感染小鼠有良好的保护作用。以上本发明组合物对动物的试验方案和效果可以有效指导该组合物的临床试验方案并预测临床试验效果。
以上通过实验例形式,对本发明的内容作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于上述实施例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种药物产品,其包含化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及至少一种头孢类抗生素或其衍生物,其中,所述化合物(a)具有式(I)所示的结构,
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100001
    其中,
    R1为-SO3M,-OSO3M,-SO2NH2,-PO3M,-OPO3M,-CH2CO2M,-CF2CO2M或-CF3
    M选自H或药学上可接受的阳离子;
    环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:5-15元桥环基,5-15元螺环基,5-15元桥杂环基或5-15元螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷基氨基或C1-6烷基羰基;
    R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,羟基C1-6烷基,氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷氧基,卤代C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基氨基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基,C1-6烷基氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基,C1-6烷氧基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基酰氨基,C1-6烷基氨基羰基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基羰基,C1-6烷基亚磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基磺酰氨基,C1-6烷基磺酰氧基,C2-6烯基,C2-6炔基,3-8元环烷基,3-8元环烷基-C1-6烷基,6-8元芳基,6-15元稠芳基,4-15元稠环基,5-15元桥环基,5-15元螺环基,3-8元杂环基,3-8元杂环基-C1-6烷基,5-8元杂芳基,5-15元稠杂芳基,4-15元稠杂环基,5-15元桥杂环基或5-15元螺杂环基。
  2. 权利要求1的药物产品,所述化合物(a)具有式(II)所示的结构,
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100002
    其中,R1、R2、环A如权利要求1所定义。
  3. 权利要求1或2的药物产品,所述化合物(a)具有式(III)所示的结构,
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100003
    其中,
    环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:5-15元螺环基,5-15元含氮桥杂环基或5-15元含氮螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷基氨基或C1-6烷基羰基;
    R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,羟基C1-6烷基,氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷氧基,卤代C1-6烷氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基氨基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基,C1-6烷基氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基,C1-6烷氧基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基酰氨基,C1-6烷基氨基羰基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基羰基,C1-6烷基亚磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷基磺酰氨基,C1-6烷基磺酰氧基,C2-6烯基,C2-6炔基,3-8元环烷基,3-8元环烷基-C1-6烷基,4-10元稠环基,5-10元桥环基,5-10元螺环基,3-8元杂环基,3-8元杂环基-C1-6烷基,4-10元稠杂环基,5-10元桥杂环基或5-10元螺杂环基;
    M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,钙离子,镁离子,锌离子,铵根离子,或四(C1-6烷基)季铵离子。
  4. 权利要求1-3任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)中,
    环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:7-9元螺环基,7-9元含氮桥杂环基或7-9 元含氮螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基或C1-6烷氧基;
    R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-6烷基,卤代C1-6烷基,羟基C1-6烷基,氨基C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,卤代C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷基氨基,二(C1-6烷基)氨基,C1-6烷基羰基,卤代C1-6烷基羰基,C1-6烷基羰基氧基,C1-6烷基酰氨基,C1-6烷基亚磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰基,C1-6烷基磺酰氨基,3-8元环烷基,3-8元环烷基-C1-6烷基,3-8元杂环基,3-8元杂环基-C1-6烷基,5-9元稠杂环基,6-9元桥杂环基或6-9元螺杂环基;
    M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,锌离子或四丁基铵离子。
  5. 权利要求1-4任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)中,
    环A选自任选被取代基取代的下列基团:7-9元螺环基,7-9元含氮桥杂环基或7-9元含氮螺杂环基,所述取代基选自卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,氰基,C1-4烷基,卤代C1-4烷基或C1-4烷氧基;
    R2选自氢原子,卤素,氨基,羧基,羟基,C1-4烷基,卤代C1-4烷基,羟基C1-4烷基,氨基C1-4烷基,C1-4烷氧基,卤代C1-4烷氧基,C1-4烷基氨基,二(C1-4烷基)氨基,C1-4烷基羰基,卤代C1-4烷基羰基,C1-4烷基羰基氧基,C1-4烷基酰氨基,C1-4烷基亚磺酰基,C1-4烷基磺酰基,C1-4烷基磺酰氨基,3-6元环烷基,3-6元环烷基-C1-4烷基,3-6元杂环基,3-6元杂环基-C1-4烷基;
    M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,锌离子或四丁基铵离子;
    优选地,所述环A通过环碳原子与化合物(a)中酰胺基团的氮原子相连接。
  6. 权利要求1-5任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)中,
    环A选自任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,7-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,2-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,2-氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷基,2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,3,8-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,2-氧杂-5-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基,8-氧杂-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,3,8-二氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-6- 烯基,3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基,5-氮杂螺[2.4]庚烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基,7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基,2,6-二氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,6-氧杂-2-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基,6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基,2-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷基,2-氧杂-7-氮杂螺[4.4]壬烷基,6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛-7-烯基,2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛-7-烯基,2-氮杂螺[4.4]壬-7-烯基或螺[3.3]庚烷基,所述取代基选自氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基或丙基;
    R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,四氢呋喃基,哌啶基或吗啉基。
  7. 权利要求1-6任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)中,
    环A选自任选被取代基取代的3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基,3,9-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,2-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基,7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基或螺[3.3]庚烷基;
    R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,哌啶基或吗啉基;
    优选地,R2选自氢原子,氨基,甲基,乙基,丁基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基或环丙基甲基;
    优选地,M选自H,钠离子,钾离子。
  8. 权利要求1-7任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)中,
    环A选自任选被取代基取代的2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基,所述取代基选自氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基或丙基;
    R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲 基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,哌啶基或吗啉基;
    优选地,R2选自氢原子,氨基,甲基,乙基,丁基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基或环丙基甲基;
    优选地,M选自H,钠离子,钾离子。
  9. 权利要求1-8任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)具有式(IV)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100004
    其中,R2选自氢原子,氟原子,氯原子,氨基,羟基,甲基,乙基,丁基,三氟甲基,甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基,环丙基甲基,环丁基,环丁基甲基,环戊基,环戊基甲基,环己基,环己基甲基,吡咯烷基,哌啶基或吗啉基;
    M选自H,钠离子,钾离子,锌离子或四丁基铵离子;
    优选地,R2选自氢原子,氨基,甲基,乙基,丁基,乙酰基,甲磺酰基,环丙基或环丙基甲基;
    优选地,M选自H,钠离子,钾离子。
  10. 权利要求1-9任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)选自:
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100007
    优选地,所述化合物(a)选自
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100009
  11. 权利要求1-10任一项的药物产品,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯,头孢吡普或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟,头孢唑兰或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素的衍生物选自所述头孢类抗生素的酯、药学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、前药、溶剂化合物、复合物或代谢物。
  12. 权利要求1-11任一项的药物产品,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与头孢类抗生素或其衍生物的重量比为:0.5~50:0.5~50;例如0.5~10:0.5~50、10~20:0.5~50、20~30:0.5~50、30~40:0.5~50、40~50:0.5~50、0.5~50:0.5~10、0.5~50:10~20、0.5~50:20~30、0.5~50:30~40、0.5~50:40~50、0.5~10:0.5~10、10~20:10~20、0.5~20:0.5~20、20~30:20~30、30~40:30~40、40~50:40~50、1~10:1~10、1~10:1~20、1~20:1~10、1:0.5~50、1:1~32、1:0.5~16、1:1~20、0.5~20:1或0.5~16:1;例如0.5:0.5、0.5:1、0.5:1.5、0.5:2、0.5:2.5、0.5:3、0.5:3.5、0.5:4、0.5:4.5、0.5:5、0.5:5.5、0.5:6、0.5:6.5、0.5:7、0.5:7.5、0.5:8、0.5:8.5、0.5:9、0.5:9.5、0.5:10、0.5:10.5、0.5:11、0.5:11.5、0.5:12、0.5:12.5、0.5:13、0.5:13.5、0.5:14、0.5:14.5、0.5:15、0.5:15.5、0.5:16、0.5:16.5、0.5:17、0.5:17.5、0.5:18、0.5:18.5、0.5:19、0.5:19.5、0.5:20、0.5:20.5、0.5:21、0.5:21.5、0.5:22、0.5:22.5、0.5:23、0.5:23.5、0.5:24、0.5:24.5、0.5:25、0.5:25.5、0.5:26、0.5:26.5、0.5:27、0.5:27.5、0.5:28、0.5:28.5、0.5:29、0.5:29.5、0.5:30、0.5:30.5、0.5:31、0.5:31.5、0.5:32、0.5:32.5、0.5:33、0.5:33.5、0.5:34、0.5:34.5、0.5:35、0.5:35.5、0.5:36、0.5:36.5、0.5:37、0.5:37.5、0.5:38、0.5:38.5、0.5:39、0.5:39.5、0.5:40、0.5:40.5、0.5:41、0.5:41.5、0.5:42、0.5:42.5、0.5:43、0.5:43.5、0.5:44、0.5:44.5、0.5:45、0.5:45.5、0.5:46、0.5:46.5、0.5:47、0.5:47.5、0.5:48、0.5:48.5、0.5:49、0.5:50、1:0.5、1.5:0.5、2:0.5、2.5:0.5、3:0.5、3.5:0.5、4:0.5、4.5:0.5、5:0.5、5.5:0.5、6:0.5、6.5:0.5、 7:0.5、7.5:0.5、8:0.5、8.5:0.5、9:0.5、9.5:0.5、10:0.5、10.5:0.5、11:0.5、11.5:0.5、12:0.5、12.5:0.5、13:0.5、13.5:0.5、14:0.5、14.5:0.5、15:0.5、15.5:0.5、16:0.5、16.5:0.5、17:0.5、17.5:0.5、18:0.5、18.5:0.5、19:0.5、19.5:0.5、20:0.5、20.5:0.5、21:0.5、21.5:0.5、22:0.5、22.5:0.5、23:0.5、23.5:0.5、24:0.5、24.5:0.5、25:0.5、25.5:0.5、26:0.5、26.5:0.5、27:0.5、27.5:0.5、28:0.5、28.5:0.5、29:0.5、29.5:0.5、30:0.5、30.5:0.5、31:0.5、31.5:0.5、32:0.5、32.5:0.5、33:0.5、33.5:0.5、34:0.5、34.5:0.5、35:0.5、35.5:0.5、36:0.5、36.5:0.5、37:0.5、37.5:0.5、38:0.5、38.5:0.5、39:0.5、39.5:0.5、40:0.5、40.5:0.5、41:0.5、41.5:0.5、42:0.5、42.5:0.5、43:0.5、43.5:0.5、44:0.5、44.5:0.5、45:0.5、45.5:0.5、46:0.5、46.5:0.5、47:0.5、47.5:0.5、48:0.5、48.5:0.5、49:0.5、49.5:0.5或50:0.5;
    优选地,所述药物产品中,每1克头孢类抗生素,化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体以0.02g~50g(例如0.02g~0.1g、0.1g~10g、0.125g~8g、0.25g~4g、0.5g~2g、1g~2g、1g~10g、10g~20g、20g~30g、30g~40g、或40g~50g,例如0.02g、0.03g、0.04g、0.05g、0.06g、0.07g、0.08g、0.09g、0.1g、0.11g、0.12g、0.13g、0.14g、0.15g、0.16g、0.17g、0.18g、0.19g、0.2g、0.21g、0.22g、0.23g、0.24g、0.25g、0.26g、0.27g、0.28g、0.29g、0.3g、0.31g、0.32g、0.33g、0.34g、0.35g、0.36g、0.37g、0.38g、0.39g、0.4g、0.41g、0.42g、0.43g、0.44g、0.45g、0.46g、0.47g、0.48g、0.49g、0.5g、0.51g、0.52g、0.53g、0.54g、0.55g、0.56g、0.57g、0.58g、0.59g、0.6g、0.61g、0.62g、0.63g、0.64g、0.65g、0.66g、0.67g、0.68g、0.69g、0.7g、0.71g、0.72g、0.73g、0.74g、0.75g、0.76g、0.77g、0.78g、0.79g、0.8g、0.81g、0.82g、0.83g、0.84g、0.85g、0.86g、0.87g、0.88g、0.89g、0.9g、0.91g、0.92g、0.93g、0.94g、0.95g、0.96g、0.97g、0.98g、0.99g、1g、2g、3g、4g、5g、6g、7g、8g、9g、10g、11g、12g、13g、14g、15g、16g、17g、18g、19g、20g、21g、22g、23g、24g、25g、26g、27g、28g、29g、30g、31g、32g、33g、34g、35g、36g、37g、38g、39g、40g、41g、42g、43g、44g、45g、46g、47g、48g、49g或50g)的量存在;
    优选地,所述药物产品包含:
    (1)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异 构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (2)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (3)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (4)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (5)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (6)2g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (7)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (8)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (9)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (10)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (11)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (12)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (13)0.015625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (14)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (15)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (16)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (17)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (18)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);
    任选地,所述药物产品还包括一种或多种治疗活性剂,所述治疗活性剂选自抗细菌剂、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂、抗厌氧菌剂、抗真菌剂、抗炎剂、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂、脂氧合酶抑制剂、细胞因子拮抗剂、免疫抑制剂、抗癌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞因子、生长因子、免疫调节剂、前列腺素、抗血管过度增殖化合物或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述抗细菌剂选自妥布霉素、左氧氟沙星、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素、替吉环素或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶抑制剂选自克拉维酸、他唑巴坦、舒巴坦或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述抗厌氧菌剂为甲硝唑,所述抗真菌剂为粘菌素;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物和任选的治疗活性剂分开存在于所述药物产品中,例如存在于不同的制剂中;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体和所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物以药物组合物的形式存在于所述药物产品中;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与所述治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式存在于所述药物产品中;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与所述治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式存在于所述药物产品中;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与所述治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式存在于 所述药物产品中;
    优选地,所述药物产品还包括一种或多种药用载体。
  13. 权利要求1-10任一项定义的化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体和头孢类抗生素或其衍生物在制备预防和/或治疗受试者中由细菌引起的感染性疾病的药物产品中的用途;
    优选地,所述细菌具有由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:A类β-内酰胺酶、B类金属β-内酰胺酶、C类β-内酰胺酶、D类β-内酰胺酶或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶为B类金属β-内酰胺酶;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:CTX-M、TEM、SHV、KPC、NDM、IMP、VIM、AmpC、OXA、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述细菌选自革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述细菌为革兰氏阴性菌;
    优选地,所述革兰氏阳性菌选自:金黄葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、肠球菌、艰难梭菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述革兰氏阴性菌选自:枸橼酸杆菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、志贺式杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、黏膜炎莫拉菌、淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、淋病奈瑟氏菌、不动杆菌属、伯克氏菌属、弯曲杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、霍乱弧菌、克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、鸟复合分枝杆菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、肺炎嗜衣原体、沙眼衣原体、流感嗜血杆菌、化脓性链球菌、β-溶血性链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、脆弱拟杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述由细菌引起的感染性疾病选自:上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染、复杂性尿道感染和其他尿道感染、中枢神经系统感染、耳部感染、胸膜肺和支气管感染、肺结核、并发或非并发的尿道感染、腹腔内感染、心血管感染、血流感染、败血症、 菌血症、CNS感染、皮肤或软组织感染、GI感染、骨与关节感染、生殖器感染、眼部感染、肉芽肿感染、并发或非并发的皮肤和皮肤结构感染、导管感染、咽炎、窦炎、外耳炎、中耳炎、支气管炎、脓胸、肺炎、社区获得性细菌性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎、医院获得性细菌性肺炎、呼吸器相关性肺炎、糖尿病足感染、万古霉素抗性肠球菌感染、膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎、肾结石、前列腺炎、腹膜炎、复杂性腹腔内感染和其他腹膜内感染、透析相关性腹膜炎、内脏脓肿、心内膜炎、心肌炎、心包炎、输注相关败血症、脑膜炎、脑炎、脑脓肿、骨髓炎、关节炎、生殖器溃疡、尿道炎、阴道炎、子宫颈炎、牙龈炎、结膜炎、角膜炎、眼内炎、囊性纤维化患者中的感染、热性嗜中性粒细胞减少患者的感染或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述受试者为哺乳动物,例如牛科动物、马科动物、羊科动物、猪科动物、犬科动物、猫科动物、啮齿类动物、灵长类动物;其中,特别优选的受试者为人。
  14. 权利要求1-12任一项的药物产品,其用于预防和/或治疗受试者中由细菌引起的感染性疾病;
    优选地,所述细菌具有由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:A类β-内酰胺酶、B类金属β-内酰胺酶、C类β-内酰胺酶、D类β-内酰胺酶或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶为B类金属β-内酰胺酶;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:CTX-M、TEM、SHV、KPC、NDM、IMP、VIM、AmpC、OXA、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述细菌选自革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述细菌为革兰氏阴性菌;
    优选地,所述革兰氏阳性菌选自:金黄葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、肠球菌、艰难梭菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述革兰氏阴性菌选自:枸橼酸杆菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、志贺式杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、黏膜炎莫拉菌、淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、淋病奈瑟氏菌、不 动杆菌属、伯克氏菌属、弯曲杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、霍乱弧菌、克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、鸟复合分枝杆菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、肺炎嗜衣原体、沙眼衣原体、流感嗜血杆菌、化脓性链球菌、β-溶血性链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、脆弱拟杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述由细菌引起的感染性疾病选自:上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染、复杂性尿道感染和其他尿道感染、中枢神经系统感染、耳部感染、胸膜肺和支气管感染、肺结核、并发或非并发的尿道感染、腹腔内感染、心血管感染、血流感染、败血症、菌血症、CNS感染、皮肤或软组织感染、GI感染、骨与关节感染、生殖器感染、眼部感染、肉芽肿感染、并发或非并发的皮肤和皮肤结构感染、导管感染、咽炎、窦炎、外耳炎、中耳炎、支气管炎、脓胸、肺炎、社区获得性细菌性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎、医院获得性细菌性肺炎、呼吸器相关性肺炎、糖尿病足感染、万古霉素抗性肠球菌感染、膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎、肾结石、前列腺炎、腹膜炎、复杂性腹腔内感染和其他腹膜内感染、透析相关性腹膜炎、内脏脓肿、心内膜炎、心肌炎、心包炎、输注相关败血症、脑膜炎、脑炎、脑脓肿、骨髓炎、关节炎、生殖器溃疡、尿道炎、阴道炎、子宫颈炎、牙龈炎、结膜炎、角膜炎、眼内炎、囊性纤维化患者中的感染、热性嗜中性粒细胞减少患者的感染或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述受试者为哺乳动物,例如牛科动物、马科动物、羊科动物、猪科动物、犬科动物、猫科动物、啮齿类动物、灵长类动物;其中,特别优选的受试者为人。
  15. 一种预防和/或治疗受试者中由细菌引起的感染性疾病的方法,包括给受试者施用预防和/或治疗有效量的权利要求1-10任一项定义的化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体以及至少一种头孢类抗生素或其衍生物;
    优选地,所述细菌具有由β-内酰胺酶引起的耐药性;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:A类β-内酰胺酶、B类金属β-内酰胺酶、C类β-内酰胺酶、D类β-内酰胺酶或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶为B类金属β-内酰胺酶;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶选自:CTX-M、TEM、SHV、KPC、NDM、IMP、VIM、AmpC、OXA、SHV、CMY、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述细菌选自革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述细菌为革兰氏阴性菌;
    优选地,所述革兰氏阳性菌选自:金黄葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌、肠球菌、艰难梭菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述革兰氏阴性菌选自:枸橼酸杆菌属、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、普通变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、志贺式杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、黏膜炎莫拉菌、淋病奈瑟球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌、淋病奈瑟氏菌、不动杆菌属、伯克氏菌属、弯曲杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、霍乱弧菌、克雷伯杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、鸟复合分枝杆菌、脓肿分枝杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、溃疡分枝杆菌、肺炎嗜衣原体、沙眼衣原体、流感嗜血杆菌、化脓性链球菌、β-溶血性链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、脆弱拟杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、霍氏肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯菌或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述由细菌引起的感染性疾病选自:上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染、复杂性尿道感染和其他尿道感染、中枢神经系统感染、耳部感染、胸膜肺和支气管感染、肺结核、并发或非并发的尿道感染、腹腔内感染、心血管感染、血流感染、败血症、菌血症、CNS感染、皮肤或软组织感染、GI感染、骨与关节感染、生殖器感染、眼部感染、肉芽肿感染、并发或非并发的皮肤和皮肤结构感染、导管感染、咽炎、窦炎、外耳炎、中耳炎、支气管炎、脓胸、肺炎、社区获得性细菌性肺炎、医院获得性肺炎、医院获得性细菌性肺炎、呼吸器相关性肺炎、糖尿病足感染、万古霉素抗性肠球菌感染、膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎、肾结石、前列腺炎、腹膜炎、复杂性腹腔内感染和其他腹膜内感染、透析相关性腹膜炎、内脏脓肿、心内膜炎、心肌炎、心包炎、输注相关败血症、脑膜炎、脑炎、脑脓肿、骨髓炎、关节炎、生殖器溃疡、尿道炎、阴道炎、子宫颈炎、牙龈炎、结膜炎、角膜炎、眼内炎、囊性纤维化患者中的感染、热性嗜中性粒细胞减少患者的感染或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述受试者为哺乳动物,例如牛科动物、马科动物、羊科动物、猪科 动物、犬科动物、猫科动物、啮齿类动物、灵长类动物;其中,特别优选的受试者为人。
  16. 权利要求15的方法,其中,所述化合物(a)选自
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2017078742-appb-100011
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢唑啉,头孢噻林,头孢呋辛,氯碳头孢,头孢替坦,头孢曲松,头孢噻肟,头孢他啶,头孢克肟,头孢泊肟,头孢噻呋,头孢米诺,头孢哌酮,头孢吡肟,头孢克定,头孢喹肟,头孢喹酮,头孢唑兰,头孢匹罗,头孢洛林酯、头孢吡普或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素选自:头孢他啶,头孢曲松,头孢吡肟,头孢唑兰或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素为头孢他啶;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素的衍生物选自所述头孢类抗生素的酯、药学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、前药、溶剂化合物、复合物或代谢物。
  17. 权利要求15或16的方法,其中,给受试者施用的所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与头孢类抗生素或其衍生物的重量比为:0.5~50:0.5~50,例如0.5~10:0.5~50、10~20:0.5~50、20~30:0.5~50、30~40:0.5~50、40~50:0.5~50、0.5~50:0.5~10、0.5~50:10~20、0.5~50:20~30、0.5~50:30~40、0.5~50:40~50、0.5~10:0.5~10、10~20:10~20、0.5~20:0.5~20、20~30:20~30、30~40:30~40、40~50:40~50、1~10:1~10、1~10:1~20、1~20:1~10、1:0.5~50、1:1~32、1:0.5~16、1:1~20、0.5~20:1或0.5~16:1;例如0.5:0.5、0.5:1、0.5:1.5、0.5:2、0.5:2.5、0.5:3、0.5:3.5、0.5:4、0.5:4.5、0.5:5、0.5:5.5、0.5:6、0.5:6.5、0.5:7、0.5:7.5、0.5:8、0.5:8.5、0.5:9、0.5:9.5、0.5:10、0.5:10.5、0.5:11、0.5:11.5、0.5:12、0.5:12.5、0.5:13、0.5:13.5、0.5:14、0.5:14.5、0.5:15、 0.5:15.5、0.5:16、0.5:16.5、0.5:17、0.5:17.5、0.5:18、0.5:18.5、0.5:19、0.5:19.5、0.5:20、0.5:20.5、0.5:21、0.5:21.5、0.5:22、0.5:22.5、0.5:23、0.5:23.5、0.5:24、0.5:24.5、0.5:25、0.5:25.5、0.5:26、0.5:26.5、0.5:27、0.5:27.5、0.5:28、0.5:28.5、0.5:29、0.5:29.5、0.5:30、0.5:30.5、0.5:31、0.5:31.5、0.5:32、0.5:32.5、0.5:33、0.5:33.5、0.5:34、0.5:34.5、0.5:35、0.5:35.5、0.5:36、0.5:36.5、0.5:37、0.5:37.5、0.5:38、0.5:38.5、0.5:39、0.5:39.5、0.5:40、0.5:40.5、0.5:41、0.5:41.5、0.5:42、0.5:42.5、0.5:43、0.5:43.5、0.5:44、0.5:44.5、0.5:45、0.5:45.5、0.5:46、0.5:46.5、0.5:47、0.5:47.5、0.5:48、0.5:48.5、0.5:49、0.5:50、1:0.5、1.5:0.5、2:0.5、2.5:0.5、3:0.5、3.5:0.5、4:0.5、4.5:0.5、5:0.5、5.5:0.5、6:0.5、6.5:0.5、7:0.5、7.5:0.5、8:0.5、8.5:0.5、9:0.5、9.5:0.5、10:0.5、10.5:0.5、11:0.5、11.5:0.5、12:0.5、12.5:0.5、13:0.5、13.5:0.5、14:0.5、14.5:0.5、15:0.5、15.5:0.5、16:0.5、16.5:0.5、17:0.5、17.5:0.5、18:0.5、18.5:0.5、19:0.5、19.5:0.5、20:0.5、20.5:0.5、21:0.5、21.5:0.5、22:0.5、22.5:0.5、23:0.5、23.5:0.5、24:0.5、24.5:0.5、25:0.5、25.5:0.5、26:0.5、26.5:0.5、27:0.5、27.5:0.5、28:0.5、28.5:0.5、29:0.5、29.5:0.5、30:0.5、30.5:0.5、31:0.5、31.5:0.5、32:0.5、32.5:0.5、33:0.5、33.5:0.5、34:0.5、34.5:0.5、35:0.5、35.5:0.5、36:0.5、36.5:0.5、37:0.5、37.5:0.5、38:0.5、38.5:0.5、39:0.5、39.5:0.5、40:0.5、40.5:0.5、41:0.5、41.5:0.5、42:0.5、42.5:0.5、43:0.5、43.5:0.5、44:0.5、44.5:0.5、45:0.5、45.5:0.5、46:0.5、46.5:0.5、47:0.5、47.5:0.5、48:0.5、48.5:0.5、49:0.5、49.5:0.5或50:0.5;
    优选地,所述方法包括:每施用1克头孢类抗生素或其衍生物,将化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体以0.02g~50g(例如0.02g~0.1g、0.1g~10g、0.125g~8g、0.25g~4g、0.5g~2g、1g~2g、1g~10g、10g~20g、20g~30g、30g~40g、或40g~50g,例如0.02g、0.03g、0.04g、0.05g、0.06g、0.07g、0.08g、0.09g、0.1g、0.11g、0.12g、0.13g、0.14g、0.15g、0.16g、0.17g、0.18g、0.19g、0.2g、0.21g、0.22g、0.23g、0.24g、0.25g、0.26g、0.27g、0.28g、0.29g、0.3g、0.31g、0.32g、0.33g、0.34g、0.35g、0.36g、0.37g、0.38g、0.39g、0.4g、0.41g、0.42g、0.43g、0.44g、0.45g、0.46g、0.47g、0.48g、0.49g、0.5g、0.51g、0.52g、0.53g、0.54g、0.55g、0.56g、0.57g、0.58g、0.59g、0.6g、0.61g、0.62g、0.63g、0.64g、0.65g、0.66g、0.67g、0.68g、0.69g、0.7g、0.71g、 0.72g、0.73g、0.74g、0.75g、0.76g、0.77g、0.78g、0.79g、0.8g、0.81g、0.82g、0.83g、0.84g、0.85g、0.86g、0.87g、0.88g、0.89g、0.9g、0.91g、0.92g、0.93g、0.94g、0.95g、0.96g、0.97g、0.98g、0.99g、1g、2g、3g、4g、5g、6g、7g、8g、9g、10g、11g、12g、13g、14g、15g、16g、17g、18g、19g、20g、21g、22g、23g、24g、25g、26g、27g、28g、29g、30g、31g、32g、33g、34g、35g、36g、37g、38g、39g、40g、41g、42g、43g、44g、45g、46g、47g、48g、49g或50g)的量施用至受试者;
    优选地,按照下述任一项中的量,将化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体以及头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶)施用至受试者:
    (1)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (2)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (3)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (4)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (5)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (6)2g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及2g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (7)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (8)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (9)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (10)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (11)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (12)1g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及1g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (13)0.015625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (14)0.03125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (15)0.0625g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (16)0.125g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (17)0.25g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶);或者
    (18)0.5g化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体,以及0.5g头孢类抗生素或其衍生物(例如头孢他啶)。
  18. 权利要求15-17任一项的方法,还包括给受试者施用一种或多种治疗活性剂,所述治疗活性剂选自:抗细菌剂、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂、抗厌氧菌剂、抗真菌剂、抗炎剂、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂、脂氧合酶抑制剂、细胞因子拮抗剂、免疫抑制剂、抗癌剂、抗病毒剂、细胞因子、生长因子、免疫调节剂、前列腺素、抗血管过度增殖化合物或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述抗细菌剂选自妥布霉素、左氧氟沙星、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素、替吉环素或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述β-内酰胺酶抑制剂选自克拉维酸、他唑巴坦、舒巴坦或其任意组合;
    优选地,所述抗厌氧菌剂为甲硝唑,所述抗真菌剂为粘菌素。
  19. 权利要求15-18任一项的方法,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物和任选的治疗活性剂同时或相继地被施用于受试者;例如,在施用所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体之前、同时或之后,施用治疗活性剂;例如,在施用所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物之前、同时或之后,施用治疗活性剂;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体和所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体与治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体、所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物与治疗活性剂以药物组合物的形式被同时施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体通过静脉给药,肌肉给药或口服给药被施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述化合物(a)、或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂化合物、或其立体异构体按照每天给药1、2、3或4次的方式被施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物通过静脉给药,肌肉给药或口服给药被施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述头孢类抗生素或其衍生物按照每天给药1、2、3或4次的方式被施用于受试者;
    优选地,所述治疗活性剂通过静脉给药,肌肉给药或口服给药被施用于受试者;优选地,所述治疗活性剂按照每天给药1、2、3或4次的方式被施用于受试者。
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