WO2017166399A1 - 振动马达以及便携式设备 - Google Patents

振动马达以及便携式设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017166399A1
WO2017166399A1 PCT/CN2016/082844 CN2016082844W WO2017166399A1 WO 2017166399 A1 WO2017166399 A1 WO 2017166399A1 CN 2016082844 W CN2016082844 W CN 2016082844W WO 2017166399 A1 WO2017166399 A1 WO 2017166399A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibration motor
vibrator
fixing portion
cantilever
coil
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PCT/CN2016/082844
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱跃光
张新众
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歌尔声学股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔声学股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔声学股份有限公司
Publication of WO2017166399A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017166399A1/zh
Priority to US16/145,147 priority Critical patent/US20190028010A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/02—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vibration equipment technology, and more particularly to a flat linear vibration motor and a portable device to which the vibration motor is applied.
  • Existing linear vibration motors generally include a housing in which a coil, a vibrator, and a spring are disposed.
  • the coil and the shrapnel are disposed on opposite sides of the vibrator.
  • One end of the coil is fixed on the casing, and the other end of the coil is inserted into the magnetic gap of the vibrator; one end of the elastic piece is fixedly connected with the vibrator, and the other end of the elastic piece is vibratingly connected with the casing.
  • the arrangement of the coil, the vibrator and the shrapnel side by side occupies the vibration space, which increases the volume of the linear vibration motor, which is disadvantageous for miniaturization, thinning and thinning of the vibration motor.
  • the structure of the elastic piece generally includes a fixing portion 701, a cantilever 702 and an annular spring rib 704.
  • the fixing portion and the annular spring rib are coaxially arranged, and the cantilever 702 is spiral, one end of which is connected to the fixing portion, and the other end is connected with the annular spring rib.
  • the fixing portion 701 is fixedly coupled to the vibrator, and the annular spring rib 704 is fixedly coupled to the housing. Since the presence of the annular spring rib 704 occupies the extended space of the cantilever 702, the radial space utilization of the cantilever 702 is low, the polarization of the motor is large, and the vibration effect is poor.
  • a vibration motor comprising:
  • a housing comprising upper and lower shells connected to each other, the interior of the housing being provided with a cavity;
  • a vibration system disposed in the cavity, including a vibrator and a spring piece, the vibrator being provided with a magnetic body a gap having a fixing portion and a plurality of cantilevers, a central portion of the fixing portion is provided with a through hole, the cantilever is disposed to be spirally extended along a central axis direction thereof via the fixing portion, and the cantilever Gradually expanding, the fixing portion is fixedly connected to the vibrator, and an end of the cantilever is fixedly connected to the housing;
  • a coil disposed in the cavity, one end of the coil being fixedly coupled to the lower case, and the other end of the coil being inserted into the magnetic gap.
  • the elastic piece is disposed between the lower case and the vibrator or the elastic piece is disposed between the upper cover and the vibrator.
  • the cantilever is formed by spirally extending along an edge of the fixing portion in a central axis direction thereof, the cantilever is disposed coplanar with the fixing portion or the cantilever has a height in a central axis direction of the fixing portion difference.
  • a plurality of said cantilevers are evenly distributed.
  • the elastic piece is made of metal.
  • the elastic piece is integrally formed.
  • an FPCB board is further included, the FPCB board being fixedly connected to the lower case, and the coil is signally connected to an external circuit through the FPCB board.
  • the vibrator includes: a magnet, a basin frame, and a weight; the basin has a bottom portion, a side wall portion, and a cavity formed by the bottom portion and the side wall portion; the magnet is disposed at the a cavity, and a magnetic gap is disposed between the magnet and the side wall portion, the weight is sleeved on an outer surface of the basin frame; the fixing portion is annular, and the fixing portion is In fixed connection with the weight, the basin is located within the range enclosed by the fixed portion.
  • the height of the basin frame in the vibration direction is greater than the thickness of the weight block, and the upper cover is provided with a through hole communicating with the cavity and the external space at a position corresponding to the basin frame, the through hole
  • the inner diameter of the bore is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the basin.
  • a portable device is provided.
  • the apparatus includes a vibration motor provided by the present invention.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that in the prior art, since the elastic piece is provided with the annular spring rib, the radial expansion of the elastic piece when it is compressed is restricted, and the vibration easily causes the deflection of the vibrator to affect the vibration effect. Therefore, the technical task to be achieved by the present invention or the technical problem to be solved is The present invention is a new technical solution that has never been or is not expected by those skilled in the art.
  • the cantilever of the elastic piece is directly fixedly connected with the lower shell, which improves the utilization of the radial space, and opens the gap between the first-order and second-order vibration frequencies of the vibration motor, thereby greatly reducing the polarization of the vibration motor.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a vibration motor of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a vibration motor of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a shrapnel of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a shrapnel in the prior art.
  • 1 upper cover; 101: through hole; 102: cavity; 2: lower case; 3: weight; 4: basin; 401: bottom; 402: side wall; 5: magnet; Magnetic gap; 6: Washer; 7: shrapnel; 701: fixed part; 702: cantilever; 7021: end; 703: through hole: 704: annular spring rib; 8: coil; 9: FPCB board.
  • the present invention provides a vibration motor, as shown in Figures 1-2, which includes a housing, a vibration system, and a coil 8.
  • the casing is formed by interconnecting the upper cover 1 and the lower casing 2, and may be joined by means well known to those skilled in the art such as fastening, bonding, bolting, welding, and the like.
  • the housing is typically made of metal, plastic, plastic or silicone.
  • the lower casing 2 is in the form of a sheet, the upper cover 1 has a hollow structure and one end is open, and the lower casing 2 is disposed at the open end of the upper cover 1, and the inside thereof surrounds the cavity 102.
  • the cavity 102 houses a vibration system and a coil 8.
  • the vibration system includes a vibrator and a spring piece 7.
  • the vibrator vibrates within the vibration space within the cavity 102, which is provided with a magnetic gap 501.
  • the elastic piece 7 is generally an elastic material, which may be made of metal, plastic or the like.
  • the elastic piece 7 is used to generate a resilient force to the vibrator, and has a fixing portion 701 and a cantilever 702.
  • the central portion of the fixing portion 701 is provided with a through hole 703.
  • the cantilever 702 is disposed to extend in a spiral shape along the central axis direction thereof via the fixing portion 701, and the cantilever 702 is gradually expanded, that is, the cantilever 702 is along with the fixing portion 701.
  • the shape of the elastic piece 7 is a bell mouth shape gradually enlarged by the fixing portion 701 toward the end 7021 of the cantilever 702.
  • the central axis is an imaginary axis that is perpendicular to the fixed portion 701 and is located at the center of the fixed portion 701. The elastic piece 7 extends and contracts along the central axis to drive the vibrator to vibrate, so that the vibrating direction of the vibrator is in the direction along the central axis.
  • the cantilever 702 of the elastic piece 7 is coplanar with the fixed portion 701 to provide a cantilever 702, and the elastic piece 7 is provided in a structure similar to a planar spring, which further saves space in the height direction.
  • the cantilever 702 of the elastic piece 7 has a height difference in the direction of the central axis of the fixing portion 701.
  • the cantilever 702 is provided in plurality, and the cantilever 702 is formed by spirally extending along the central axis direction of the edge of the fixing portion 701, and the cantilever 702 is gradually expanded and evenly distributed in the fixed portion. 701, the end 7021 is also evenly distributed on the circumference where it is located. Moreover, this structure does not occupy the space of the fixing portion 701 at other portions.
  • the shrapnel 7 can be selected from metal sheets or sheets, such as SS301, SS304, SS316.
  • Stainless steel or copper alloy or the like is integrally molded by means well known to those skilled in the art such as press forming, laser cutting, plasma cutting, and the like. It can be understood that since the elastic piece 7 is made of a metal material, in order to make the elastic piece 7 have a set stiffness coefficient, the elastic piece 7 should be subjected to heat treatment after molding. Of course, when the stiffness coefficient of the elastic piece 7 is not high, the elastic piece 7 can be processed by a plastic material, and the elastic piece 7 is injection-molded according to the set structure by injection molding.
  • the elastic piece 7 and the coil 8 are disposed between the lower case 2 and the vibrator.
  • the fixing portion 701 is fixedly connected to the vibrator, that is, the surface of the fixing portion 701 opposite to the cantilever 702 is fixedly connected to the vibrator, and the end 7021 of the cantilever 702 is fixedly connected to the lower casing 2.
  • the fixed connection of the elastic piece 7 to the vibrator, the elastic piece 7 and the lower case 2 can be achieved by means well known to those skilled in the art, such as welding, bonding, snapping, and the like.
  • the coil 8 is located in a space surrounded by the elastic piece 7, and one end of the coil 8 is fixedly connected to the lower case 2, and the other end of the coil 8 is inserted into the magnetic gap 501 through the through hole 703 of the fixing portion 701.
  • the area occupied by the fixing portion 701 is smaller than the area occupied by the end 7021 of the cantilever 702.
  • the connection of the vibrator to the fixing portion 701 can make the support space of the vibrator larger than the lower case 2, and the vibrator is not easily polarized.
  • the fixing portion 701 may also be fixedly coupled to the lower case 2.
  • the end 7021 of the cantilever 702 is fixedly coupled to the vibrator. In this structure, the support space of the vibrator is small and polarization is likely to occur.
  • the coil 8 is connected to an external circuit signal, and the coil 8 can be directly connected to an external circuit through a lead.
  • the vibration motor is further provided with an FPCB board 9 through which the coil 8 is signally connected via an FPCB board 9.
  • the FPCB board 9 is a sheet-like structure provided with internal pads for signal connection with the coil 8 and external pads for signal connection with external circuits.
  • the FPCB board 9 is fixedly attached to the lower case 2, and a fixed connection can be achieved by bonding or welding.
  • the coil 8 is fixedly connected to the FPCB board 9, and a fixed connection with the lower case 2 is realized by the FPCB board 9.
  • the coil 8 can also be directly fixedly attached to the lower casing 2, and at this time, the main body portion of the FPCB board 9 is located within the range enclosed by the coil 8.
  • the leads of the coil 8 can be soldered to the inner pads of the FPCB board 9 by soldering.
  • a portion of the FPCB board 9 provided with an external pad is located outside the housing, and an external pad is signally connected to an external circuit.
  • the coil 8 is connected to an external circuit by a circuit layout on the FPCB board 9.
  • the coil 8 of this structure is disposed on the same side of the vibrator, and both are in the vibration direction.
  • the occupied space overlaps, which greatly saves the internal space of the vibration motor, reduces the volume of the vibration motor, and conforms to the development trend of miniaturization, thinning and thinning of the vibration motor.
  • the end 7021 of the elastic piece 7 is directly fixedly coupled to the lower case 2. This structure allows the cantilever 702 of the elastic piece 7 to occupy a larger space in the radial direction, thereby improving the utilization of the radial space.
  • the so-called radial direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the central axis, and the increase in the radial space utilization rate can make the vibrator more It is stable and not easy to deflect when vibrating, which makes the first-order and second-order vibration frequencies of the vibration motor open apart, greatly reducing the polarization of the vibration motor and improving the vibration effect.
  • the vibrator can have a variety of structural forms.
  • the vibrator includes a basin frame 4, a magnet 5, and a weighting block 3.
  • the basin frame 4 includes a bottom portion 401, a side wall portion 402, and a cavity formed by the bottom portion 401 and the side wall portion 402.
  • the magnet 5 is disposed in the inner cavity, and a magnetic gap 501 is disposed between the magnet 5 and the side wall portion 402.
  • the weight 3 is annular and is sleeved on the outer surface of the side wall portion 402.
  • the basin frame 4, the magnet 5, and the weight 3 can be fixedly joined by means well known to those skilled in the art, such as bonding.
  • the magnet 5 may be, but not limited to, a ferrite magnet and a neodymium iron boron magnet.
  • the basin frame 4 is a magnetically permeable material such as iron. In this configuration, the basin frame 4 and the magnet 5 constitute an outer magnetic structure. It is also possible that the basin frame 4 and the magnet 5 are provided as an inner magnetic structure as long as a stable uniform magnetic field can be formed.
  • the fixing portion 701 is annular, and the fixing portion 701 is fixedly coupled to the weight 3, and the basin frame 4 is located within a range surrounded by the fixing portion 701.
  • the magnet 5 is further provided with a washer 6 on the side close to the lower case 2.
  • the washer 6 has a magnetic conductive function, and the magnetic lines of force can be concentrated into the magnetic gap 501 and the direction of the magnetic lines of force is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibrator.
  • the height of the basin frame 4 in the direction of vibration is greater than the thickness of the weight 3 .
  • the upper cover 1 is provided with a through hole 101 at a position corresponding to the basin frame 4, and the through hole 101 communicates with the cavity 102 and the external space.
  • the inner diameter of the through hole 101 is larger than the outer diameter of the basin frame 4.
  • the vibration signal of the external circuit is transmitted to the coil 8 through the circuit layout of the FPCB board 9.
  • the coil 8 is energized, it is subjected to a magnetic field force in a uniform magnetic field of the magnetic gap 501.
  • the role Since the coil 8 is fixedly coupled to the lower casing 2, the coil 8 does not vibrate, but the coil 8 gives a reaction force to the vibrator to cause the vibrator to vibrate.
  • the magnetic field force received by the coil 8 is the direction in which the magnetic field lines are cut, the vibrator is linearly vibrated perpendicular to the plane in which the coil 8 winding is located. Since the magnetic field force received by the vibrator and the elastic force of the elastic piece 7 are both along the central axis direction, the vibration direction is along the central axis direction.
  • the vibrator is further provided with a weight 3, which is a high-density material, such as heavy metal, ceramics, etc.
  • the weight of the weight 3 is made of a metal material such as tungsten steel or stainless steel.
  • the vibrator is fixedly connected to the elastic piece 7.
  • the elastic piece 7 is similar to a spring, and when it is compressed or stretched, there is a tendency to return to the initial position, and the elastic piece 7 generates an elastic force. According to Hooke's law, it can be understood that the larger the spring piece 7 deviates from the initial position, the greater the elasticity.
  • the elastic force acts on the vibrator. Therefore, the vibrator is subjected to the magnetic field force and the elastic force of the elastic piece 7 when vibrating. The presence of the two forces causes the vibrator to vibrate within the set displacement range.
  • the coil 8 is disposed between the lower casing 2 and the vibrator.
  • the elastic piece 7 is disposed between the vibrator and the upper cover 1.
  • the coil 8, the vibrator and the shrapnel are arranged coaxially. This structure takes up a lot of space.
  • the invention also provides a portable device, which can be an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a smart watch, a tablet computer, a notebook computer or the like.
  • the portable device comprises the vibration motor provided by the invention, which has the characteristics of good vibration effect and light and thin profile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

一种振动马达以及便携式设备。该振动马达包括：壳体，其包括相互连接的上盖（1）和下壳（2），壳体的内部设置有腔体（102）；振动系统，其设于腔体（102）内，包括振子和弹片（7），振子设置有磁间隙（501）；弹片（7）具有固定部（701）和多条悬臂（702），固定部（701）的中部设有通孔（703），悬臂（702）被设置为经由固定部（701）沿其中心轴方向螺旋状延伸而形成，并且悬臂（702）逐渐扩张，固定部（701）与振子固定连接，悬臂（702）的末端与壳体固定连接；以及线圈（8），其设于腔体（102）内，线圈（8）的一端与下壳（2）固定连接，线圈（8）的另一端插入磁间隙（501）中。该振动马达的弹片（7）的悬臂（702）直接与壳体固定连接，降低了振动马达的偏振。

Description

振动马达以及便携式设备 技术领域
本发明涉及振动设备技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种扁平式线性振动马达以及应用了该振动马达的便携式设备。
背景技术
现有的线性振动马达一般包括外壳，外壳的内腔内设置有线圈、振动器和弹片。线圈和弹片设置在振动器的相对的两侧。线圈的一端固定在壳体上，线圈的另一端插入振动器的磁间隙中；弹片的一端与振动器固定连接，弹片的另一端与壳体振动连接。线圈、振动器和弹片并排的设置方式占用振动空间，增大了线性振动马达的体积，不利于振动马达小型化、轻薄化。并且，现有技术的中(如图4所示)，弹片的结构一般包括固定部701，悬臂702和环状弹簧筋704。固定部和环状弹簧筋同轴设置，悬臂702为螺旋状，其的一端连接固定部，另一端连接环状弹簧筋。固定部701与振动器固定连接，环状弹簧筋704与壳体固定连接。由于环状弹簧筋704的存在占用了悬臂702的延伸空间导致悬臂702的径向空间利用率低，马达偏振趋势大，振动效果较差。因此，有必要提供一种新的振动马达，其弹片无上述环状弹簧筋704，以增加悬臂702的径向延伸空间，提高悬臂702的径向空间利用率，并且有利于增大弹簧固定部分半径，使振动马达的一阶和二阶振动频率拉开差距，从而降低偏转发生的几率。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种振动马达的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种振动马达，其特征在于，包括：
壳体，其包括相互连接的上盖和下壳，所述壳体的内部设置有腔体；
振动系统，其设于所述腔体内，包括振子和弹片，所述振子设置有磁 间隙；所述弹片具有固定部和多条悬臂，所述固定部的中部设有通孔，所述悬臂被设置为经由所述固定部沿其中心轴方向螺旋状延伸而形成，并且所述悬臂逐渐扩张，所述固定部与所述振子固定连接，所述悬臂的末端与所述壳体固定连接；以及
线圈，其设于所述腔体内，所述线圈的一端与所述下壳固定连接，所述线圈的另一端插入所述磁间隙中。
优选地，所述弹片被设置在所述下壳与所述振子之间或者所述弹片被设置在所述上盖与所述振子之间。
优选地，所述悬臂经由所述固定部的边缘沿其中心轴方向螺旋状延伸而形成，所述悬臂与所述固定部共面设置或者所述悬臂在所述固定部中心轴方向上具有高度差。
优选地，多条所述悬臂均匀分布。
优选地，所述弹片的材质为金属。
优选地，所述弹片一体成型。
优选地，还包括FPCB板，所述FPCB板与所述下壳固定连接，所述线圈通过FPCB板与外部电路信号连接。
优选地，所述振子包括：磁体、盆架和配重块；所述盆架具有底部、侧壁部以及由所述底部和所述侧壁部包围形成的内腔；所述磁体设置于所述内腔，且所述磁体与所述侧壁部之间设置有磁间隙，所述配重块套设于所述盆架的外表面上；所述固定部为环状，所述固定部与所述配重块的固定连接，所述盆架位于所述固定部所包围的范围内。
优选地，所述盆架的沿振动方向的高度大于所述配重块的厚度，所述上盖在与所述盆架相对应位置设置有连通腔体与外界空间的贯穿孔，所述贯穿孔的内径尺寸大于等于所述盆架的外径尺寸。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种便携式设备。该设备包括本发明提供的振动马达。
本发明的发明人发现，在现有技术中，弹片由于设置了环状弹簧筋，限制了弹片被压缩时的在径向的扩大，振动使容易导致振子的偏斜，影响振动效果。因此，本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是 本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
本发明提供的振动马达，弹片的悬臂直接与下壳固定连接，提高了径向空间利用率，使振动马达的一阶和二阶振动频率拉开差距，大大降低了振动马达的偏振。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1：本发明实施例的振动马达的分解图。
图2：本发明实施例的振动马达的剖视图。
图3：本发明实施例的弹片的示意图。
图4：现有技术中的弹片的结构示意图。
图中，1：上盖；101：贯穿孔；102：腔体；2：下壳；3：配重块；4：盆架；401：底部；402：侧壁部；5：磁体；501：磁间隙；6：华司；7：弹片；701：固定部；702：悬臂；7021：末端；703：通孔：704：环状弹簧筋；8：线圈；9：FPCB板。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例 性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供了一种振动马达，如图1-2所示，该振动马达包括：壳体、振动系统和线圈8。壳体由上盖1和下壳2相互连接而成，可以通过本领域技术人员所熟知的方式，如扣合、粘接、螺栓连接、焊接等方式进行连接。在一些示例中，壳体的材质一般为金属、塑料、塑胶或者硅胶。下壳2为片状，上盖1为中空结构且一端敞开，下壳2设置在上盖1的敞开端，内部包围形成腔体102，腔体102内收容有振动系统和线圈8。
如图1和图3所示，振动系统包括振子和弹片7。振子在腔体102内的振动空间内发生振动，其设置有磁间隙501。弹片7一般为弹性材料，其材质可以是金属、塑料等，弹片7用于产生对振子的回弹力，其具有固定部701和悬臂702。其中，固定部701的中部设有通孔703，悬臂702被设置为经由固定部701沿其中心轴方向以螺旋状延伸而形成，并且悬臂702逐渐扩张，亦即悬臂702随着与固定部701在中心轴方向的位移的增大，悬臂702与中心轴的距离也逐渐增大。弹片7的形状为由固定部701向悬臂702的末端7021逐渐放大的喇叭口形。中心轴为垂直于固定部701，且位于固定部701中心的假想轴。弹片7沿该中心轴伸展、收缩，带动振子振动，故振子的振动方向为沿该中心轴的方向。
在另一些示例中，例如弹片7的悬臂702与固定部701共面设置悬臂702，弹片7被设置为类似于平面弹簧的结构，该结构更加节省沿高度方向的空间。例如弹片7的悬臂702在固定部701中心轴方向上具有高度差。
为了提高回弹效果且使弹片7的加工方便，悬臂702设置有多条，悬臂702经由固定部701的边缘沿其中心轴方向螺旋状延伸而形成，并且悬臂702逐渐扩张且均匀分布在固定部701，末端7021也均匀分布在其所在的圆周上。而且，这种结构不占用固定部701在其他部位的空间。考虑到来源广泛，弹片7可以选择金属的板材或者片材，如SS301、SS304、SS316 不锈钢或者铜合金等，通过本领域技术人员熟知的方式，如冲压成型、激光切割、等离子切割等方式进行一体成型。可以理解的是，由于弹片7为金属材质，为了使弹片7具有设定的劲度系数，成型之后弹片7还应进行热处理。当然，当对弹片7的劲度系数要求不高时，可以采用塑料材料加工弹片7，如采用注塑成型的方式，将弹片7按照设定的结构注塑成型。
在本实施例中，弹片7和线圈8被设置在下壳2与振子之间。其中，固定部701与振子固定连接，即通过固定部701的与悬臂702相对的表面与振子固定连接，悬臂702的末端7021与下壳2固定连接。可以通过本领域技术人员所熟知的方式，如焊接、粘接、卡接等方式实现弹片7与振子、弹片7与下壳2的固定连接。线圈8位于弹片7包围的空间内，且线圈8的一端与下壳2固定连接，线圈8的另一端穿过固定部701的通孔703插入磁间隙501中。可以理解的是，连接完成后，固定部701所占面积小于悬臂702的末端7021所占面积。振子与固定部701连接可以使振子相对于下壳2的支撑空间更大，振子不易偏振。当然，在一些示例中，也可以是固定部701与下壳2固定连接。悬臂702的末端7021与振子固定连接。这种结构中，振子的支撑空间小，易发生偏振。
线圈8与外部电路信号连接，线圈8可以通过引线直接连接外部电路。为了使信号连接更加稳固，如图2所示，在本发明的一种优选的实施方式中，振动马达还设置有FPCB板9，线圈8通过FPCB板9与外部电路信号连接。具体地，FPCB板9为片状结构，其设置有用于与线圈8信号连接的内部焊盘和用于与外部电路信号连接的外部焊盘。FPCB板9固定连接在下壳2上，可以采用粘接或者焊接等方式实现固定连接。线圈8固定连接于FPCB板9上，通过FPCB板9实现与下壳2的固定连接。当然，线圈8也可以直接固定连接到下壳2上，此时，FPCB板9的主体部分位于线圈8所包围的范围之内。线圈8的引线可以通过锡焊焊接的方式焊接到FPCB板9的内部焊盘上。FPCB板9的设置有外部焊盘的部分位于壳体之外，外部焊盘与外部电路信号连接。线圈8通过FPCB板9上的电路布图实现与外部电路的信号连接。
这种结构的线圈8与弹设置在振子的同一侧，并且二者在振动方向上 占用的空间相重叠，大大节约了振动马达的内部空间，减小了振动马达的体积，顺应了振动马达小型化、轻薄化的发展趋势。此外，弹片7的末端7021直接与下壳2固定连接。这种结构使弹片7的悬臂702在径向占据更大的空间，提高了径向空间的利用率，所谓径向是指垂直于中心轴的方向，径向空间利用率的提高可使振子更加稳固，在振动时不易偏斜，使振动马达的一阶和二阶振动频率拉开差距，大大降低了振动马达的偏振，提高了振动效果。
振子可以有多种结构形式，在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，如图1-2所示，振子包括盆架4、磁体5以及配重块3。盆架4包括底部401、侧壁部402以及由底部401和侧壁部402包围形成的内腔，磁体5设置于内腔中，磁体5与侧壁部402之间设置有磁间隙501。配重块3为环状，其套设于侧壁部402的外表面上。可以采用本领域技术人员所熟知的手段，如粘接等将盆架4、磁体5以及配重块3进行固定连接。磁体5可以是但不局限于铁氧体磁铁和钕铁硼磁铁。盆架4为导磁材料，如铁等。在该结构中，盆架4和磁体5构成外磁式结构。也可以是，盆架4和磁体5被设置为内磁式结构，只要能形成稳定的匀强磁场即可。固定部701为环状，固定部701与配重块3的固定连接，盆架4位于固定部701所包围的范围内。
进一步地，为了使磁间隙501内的匀强磁场更稳定，提高振子的振动效果，如图2所示，磁体5在靠近下壳2的一侧还设置有华司6。华司6具有导磁的作用，可以将磁力线集中到磁间隙501中并且使磁力线的方向垂直于振子的振动方向。
更进一步地，在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，盆架4的沿振动方向的高度大于配重块3的厚度。上盖1在与盆架4相对应位置设置有贯穿孔101，贯穿孔101连通腔体102和外部空间。贯穿孔101的内径尺寸大于盆架4的外径尺寸。振动时，盆架4的凸出于配重块3的部分可以穿过该贯穿孔101。贯穿孔101的设置在不改变原有外壳尺寸的前提下，加高了振动空间，这种结构更适合于振子在大振幅时的振动。
该振动马达在工作时，外部电路的振动信号通过FPCB板9的电路布图传递到线圈8。线圈8通电后，在磁间隙501的匀强磁场中受到磁场力 的作用。由于线圈8固定连接在下壳2上，故线圈8不发生振动，但线圈8会给振子一个反作用力，使振子发生振动。由于线圈8受到的磁场力为切割磁力线的方向，故振子垂直于线圈8绕组所在的平面做线性振动。由于振子受到的磁场力以及弹片7的弹力均沿中心轴方向，故振动方向为沿中心轴方向。
为了增大惯性以提高振动效果，振子还设置配重块3，配重块3为高密度材料，如重金属、陶瓷等，优选的是，配重块3的材质是钨钢、不锈钢等金属材料。振子与弹片7固定连接，弹片7类似于弹簧，其被压缩时或者被拉伸时都会有回复到初始位置的倾向，弹片7会产生弹力。根据虎克定律，可以理解的是，弹片7偏离初始位置越大则弹力越大。该弹力又作用到振子，因此，振子振动时会受到磁场力和弹片7的弹力的作用，两种力的存在使得振子在设定的位移范围内振动。
在另一些示例中，线圈8被设置在下壳2与振子之间。弹片7被设置在振子与上盖1之间。线圈8、振子和弹片同轴设置。这种结构占用空间较大。
本发明还提供了一种便携式设备，其可以是手机、智能手表、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等电子设备。该便携式设备包括本发明提供的振动马达，具有振动效果好，且外形轻薄的特点。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种振动马达，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，其包括相互连接的上盖(1)和下壳(2)，所述壳体的内部设置有腔体(102)；
    振动系统，其设于所述腔体(102)内，包括振子和弹片(7)，所述振子设置有磁间隙(501)；所述弹片(7)具有固定部(701)和多条悬臂(702)，所述固定部(701)的中部设有通孔(703)，所述悬臂(702)被设置为经由所述固定部(701)沿其中心轴方向螺旋状延伸而形成，并且所述悬臂(702)逐渐扩张，所述固定部(701)与所述振子固定连接，所述悬臂(702)的末端(7021)与所述壳体固定连接；以及
    线圈(8)，其设于所述腔体(102)内，所述线圈(8)的一端与所述下壳(2)固定连接，所述线圈(8)的另一端插入所述磁间隙(501)中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的振动马达，其特征在于，所述弹片(7)被设置在所述下壳(2)与所述振子之间或者所述弹片(7)被设置在所述上盖(1)与所述振子之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2中的任意一项所述的振动马达，其特征在于，所述悬臂(702)经由所述固定部(701)的边缘沿其中心轴方向螺旋状延伸而形成，所述悬臂(702)与所述固定部(701)共面设置或者所述悬臂(702)在所述固定部(701)中心轴方向上具有高度差。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中的任意一项所述的振动马达，其特征在于，多条所述悬臂(702)均匀分布。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中的任意一项所述的振动马达，其特征在于，所述弹片(7)的材质为金属。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中的任意一项所述的振动马达，其特征在于，所述弹片(7)一体成型。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的振动马达，其特征在于，还包括FPCB板(9)，所述FPCB板(9)与所述下壳(2)固定连接，所述线圈(8)通过FPCB板(9)与外部电路信号连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中的任意一项所述的振动马达，其特征在于，所述振子包括：磁体(5)、盆架(4)和配重块(3)；所述盆架(4)具有底部(401)、侧壁部以及由所述底部(401)和所述侧壁部包围形成的内腔；所述磁体(5)设置于所述内腔，且所述磁体(5)与所述侧壁部之间设置有磁间隙(501)，所述配重块(3)套设于所述盆架(4)的外表面上；所述固定部(701)为环状，所述固定部(701)与所述配重块(3)的固定连接，所述盆架(4)位于所述固定部(701)所包围的范围内。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中的任意一项所述的振动马达，其特征在于，所述盆架(4)的沿振动方向的高度大于所述配重块(3)的厚度，所述上盖(1)在与所述盆架(4)相对应位置设置有连通腔体(102)与外界空间的贯穿孔，所述贯穿孔的内径尺寸大于等于所述盆架(4)的外径尺寸。
  10. 一种便携式设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9中的任意一项所述的振动马达。
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