WO2017166388A1 - 显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2017166388A1
WO2017166388A1 PCT/CN2016/082061 CN2016082061W WO2017166388A1 WO 2017166388 A1 WO2017166388 A1 WO 2017166388A1 CN 2016082061 W CN2016082061 W CN 2016082061W WO 2017166388 A1 WO2017166388 A1 WO 2017166388A1
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Prior art keywords
optical compensation
compensation film
substrate
refractive index
plane retardation
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PCT/CN2016/082061
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English (en)
French (fr)
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贾倩
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/512,472 priority Critical patent/US10551675B2/en
Publication of WO2017166388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017166388A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G02F1/133634—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation the refractive index Nz perpendicular to the element surface being different from in-plane refractive indices Nx and Ny, e.g. biaxial or with normal optical axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/40—Materials having a particular birefringence, retardation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
    • G02F2413/03—Number of plates being 3
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
    • G02F2413/08—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates with a particular optical axis orientation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
    • G02F2413/12—Biaxial compensators

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate, a liquid crystal display panel, and a display device.
  • the flexible liquid crystal display panel has a problem in that, in the dark state, the retardation of the substrate in the thickness direction is large, which causes the polarization state of the light to change.
  • the liquid crystal display panel leaks light in a dark state, and the viewing angle is deteriorated, which affects the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • One of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a display substrate, a liquid crystal display panel, and a display device to improve the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, including:
  • An optical compensation structure attached to the base substrate, the optical compensation structure being capable of expanding a viewing angle range of the display substrate in different directions.
  • a polarizer is disposed on one side of the substrate, and a polarization direction of the light after passing through the polarizer and passing through the optical compensation structure is consistent with a polarization direction of the light after passing through the polarizer.
  • optical compensation structure includes:
  • n x is an x on the surface of the optical compensation film a refractive index in the axial direction
  • n y is a refractive index in a y-axis direction on the surface of the optical compensation film
  • n z is a refractive index in a z-axis direction on the surface of the optical compensation film
  • n z >n x n y ;
  • a third optical compensation film located on a side of the second optical compensation film facing away from the substrate substrate, the third optical compensation film satisfying the following optical conditional formula: n x >n z >n y .
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the first optical compensation film is 180-220 nm, and the refractive index of the first optical compensation film in the thickness direction is 0.75;
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the second optical compensation film is 2420-2550 nm, and the refractive index of the second optical compensation film in the thickness direction is negative infinity;
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the third optical compensation film is 250-300 nm, and the refractive index of the third optical compensation film in the thickness direction is 0.25;
  • the in-plane retardation amount (n x - n y ) * d
  • the refractive index in the thickness direction (n x - n z ) / (n x - n y )
  • d is the thickness of the optical compensation film.
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the first optical compensation film is 206 nm.
  • the amount of in-plane retardation of the second optical compensation film is 2480 nm.
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the third optical compensation film is 276 nm.
  • the base substrate is a polyimide substrate.
  • the first optical compensation film is located between the polarizer and the base substrate, and the second optical compensation film is located on a side of the base substrate facing away from the polarizer, The three optical compensation film is located on a side of the second optical compensation film facing away from the substrate.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a liquid crystal display panel including the display substrate as described above.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including the liquid crystal display panel as described above.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects: in the above solution, an optical compensation structure is attached on the base substrate, and the optical compensation structure can expand the viewing angle range of the display substrate in different directions, thereby reducing the thickness direction of the display substrate.
  • the phase difference is such that when the display substrate of the present disclosure is used in the liquid crystal display panel, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display panel in the dark state can be improved, the light leakage phenomenon can be avoided, and the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display panel in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a working principle of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to the related art, in which the substrate substrate has a large amount of retardation in the thickness direction of the light, resulting in a poor viewing angle of the liquid crystal display panel in the dark state, and the light leakage is large, which affects the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • a display substrate a liquid crystal display panel, and a display device, which can improve the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • This embodiment provides a display substrate, including:
  • An optical compensation structure attached to the base substrate, the optical compensation structure being capable of expanding a viewing angle range of the display substrate in different directions.
  • an optical compensation structure is attached to the substrate, and the optical compensation structure can expand the viewing angle range of the display substrate in different directions, thereby reducing the phase difference in the thickness direction of the display substrate, so that the present disclosure is applied to the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display panel in the dark state can be improved, the light leakage phenomenon can be avoided, and the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel can be improved.
  • a polarizer is disposed on one side of the substrate substrate, so that even when viewed obliquely, the light passes through the polarizer and then passes through the optical compensation structure and the polarization direction and the light after the substrate
  • the polarization directions after the polarizers are the same. This can improve the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display panel in the dark state and improve the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display panel in the related art.
  • the flexible liquid crystal display panel of the related art includes a first substrate and a second substrate provided to the cartridge.
  • the second substrate is located on the first substrate.
  • the second substrate includes a base substrate 3 on the side of which a second polarizer 4 is disposed.
  • the first substrate includes a base substrate 2 on the side of which a first polarizer 1 is disposed.
  • the base substrate 2 may be a PI (polyimide) substrate.
  • the base substrate 2 may be another substrate such as a resin substrate.
  • the in-plane retardation amount (Ro) of the PI substrate is 0, but the retardation amount (Rth) in the thickness direction is large, and the Rth is up to 2330 nm.
  • the high Rth causes the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display panel to deteriorate in the dark state, and the light leakage is large, which affects the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • Factors affecting the viewing angle in the dark state include that the substrate substrate has different retardation amounts of light at different viewing angles, which may cause the polarization direction of the light after passing through the first polarizer and the substrate substrate in oblique viewing and the second polarizer.
  • the polarization directions are no longer perpendicular.
  • ⁇ c is the amount of retardation at different viewing angles
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of light
  • n o is the refractive index parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystal
  • d is the thickness of the optical compensation film
  • n e is perpendicular to the long axis of the liquid crystal
  • the refractive index, ⁇ 0 is the angle between the viewing angle and the normal. Since the Rth is large, the amount of retardation of the C-plate changes periodically, and the maximum retardation reaches 270 nm.
  • the angle ⁇ of the polarization direction of the light filtered by the first polarizer and the second polarizer at different viewing angles satisfies the formula:
  • ⁇ k is the polar angle direction at the time of viewing.
  • ⁇ k is the polar angle direction at the time of viewing.
  • the dark state light leakage caused by the above two factors is mainly compensated.
  • the present embodiment provides a display substrate.
  • the display substrate of the present embodiment includes a base substrate 2 on one side of which a first polarizer 1 is disposed.
  • the display substrate of the present embodiment further includes an optical compensation structure attached to the base substrate 2, which can expand the viewing angle range of the display substrate in different directions.
  • the optical compensation structure includes a first optical compensation film 5 between the base substrate 2 and the first polarizer 1, and a second optical compensation film on the side of the base substrate 2 facing away from the first polarizer 1. 6.
  • a third optical compensation film 7 on the side of the second optical compensation film 6 facing away from the substrate 2.
  • the base substrate is a PI substrate such that the display substrate can be adapted for use in a flexible display.
  • the base substrate 2 may also be other types of base substrates such as a quartz substrate, a resin substrate or a glass substrate, and the like.
  • the polarization direction of the light after passing through the first polarizer 1 and passing through the optical compensation structure and the substrate is the same as the polarization direction after the light passes through the first polarizer 1.
  • the first optical compensation film 5 satisfies the following optical conditional formula: n x >n z >n y , wherein n x is a refractive index in an x-axis direction on the surface of the optical compensation film, and n y is an optical compensation film surface
  • n x is a refractive index in an x-axis direction on the surface of the optical compensation film
  • n y is an optical compensation film surface
  • n z is the refractive index in the z-axis direction on the surface of the optical compensation film; wherein the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis are perpendicular to each other.
  • the third optical compensation film 7 satisfies the following optical conditional formula: n x >n z >n
  • the viewing angle of the display substrate in the dark state can be effectively improved to avoid light leakage.
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the first optical compensation film 5 is 180-220 nm, and the refractive index of the first optical compensation film 5 in the thickness direction is 0.75;
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the second optical compensation film 6 is 2420-2550 nm, and the refractive index in the thickness direction of the second optical compensation film 6 is negative infinity;
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the third optical compensation film 7 is 250-300 nm, and the thickness of the third optical compensation film 7 is thick.
  • the refractive index in the direction of the direction is 0.25;
  • the in-plane retardation amount (n x - n y ) * d
  • the refractive index N z (n x - n z ) / (n x - n y ) in the thickness direction
  • d is the thickness of the optical compensation film.
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the first optical compensation film 5 is 206 nm
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the second optical compensation film 6 is 2480 nm
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the third optical compensation film 7 is 276 nm.
  • the maximum transmittance of the light in the dark state of the display substrate is 0.000355, which greatly improves the light leakage phenomenon.
  • the present embodiment provides a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel of the present embodiment includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed on the cartridge.
  • the second substrate is located on the first substrate, and the second substrate includes the base substrate 3 on which the second polarizer 4 is attached.
  • the first substrate includes a base substrate 2 on which the first polarizer 1 is attached.
  • the liquid crystal display panel of the present embodiment further includes an optical compensation structure attached to the base substrate 2, which can expand the viewing angle range of the liquid crystal display panel in different directions.
  • the optical compensation structure includes There is a first optical compensation film 5 between the base substrate 2 and the first polarizer 1, a second optical compensation film 6 on the side of the base substrate 2 facing away from the first polarizer 1, and a second optical compensation film. 6 is a third optical compensation film 7 facing away from the substrate 2 side.
  • the base substrate 2 is a PI substrate. This can be applied to a flexible display.
  • the base substrate 2 can also be other types of base substrates, such as a quartz substrate, a resin substrate, or a glass substrate.
  • the polarization direction of the light passing through the first polarizer 1 and passing through the optical compensation structure and the substrate substrate and the polarization direction after the light passes through the first polarizer 1 Consistent.
  • the first optical compensation film 5 satisfies the following optical conditional formula: n x >n z >n y , wherein n x is a refractive index in an x-axis direction on the surface of the optical compensation film, and n y is an optical compensation film surface a refractive index in a y-axis direction, n z is a refractive index in a z-axis direction on the surface of the optical compensation film;
  • the third optical compensation film 7 satisfies the following optical conditional formula: n x >n z >n y ;
  • the first optical compensation film 5 and the third optical compensation film 7 correspond to Z-film
  • the second optical compensation film 6 corresponds to a C-plate.
  • the viewing angle of the display substrate in the dark state can be effectively improved to avoid light leakage.
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the first optical compensation film 5 is 180-220 nm, and the refractive index of the first optical compensation film 5 in the thickness direction is 0.75;
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the second optical compensation film 6 is 2420-2550 nm, and the refractive index in the thickness direction of the second optical compensation film 6 is negative infinity;
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the third optical compensation film 7 is 250-300 nm, and the refractive index of the third optical compensation film 7 in the thickness direction is 0.25;
  • the in-plane retardation amount (n x - n y ) * d
  • the refractive index N z (n x - n z ) / (n x - n y ) in the thickness direction
  • d is the thickness of the optical compensation film.
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the first optical compensation film 5 is 206 nm
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the second optical compensation film 6 is 2480 nm
  • the in-plane retardation amount of the third optical compensation film 7 is 276 nm.
  • points 1 and 4 in the figure represent positions on the simplified Bangka ball at a certain point on the light passing through the first polarizer 1 and the second polarizer 4 when viewed.
  • the direction of the light passing through the first polarizer 1 is 1, and the direction 4 when the light reaches the second polarizer 4 should be coincident, that is, the phase of the light does not change, that is, there is no delay amount.
  • the direction of vibration of the light changes due to the phase delay of the substrate. If the optical compensation structure is not provided, the directions of 1 and 4 no longer coincide.
  • the light passes through the first polarizer 1 and then passes through the first optical compensation film 5 in the oblique direction.
  • the position of the light on the Bangka ball is sequentially from 1 to 2, from 2 to 3, from 3 to 2, from 2 to 4, and the light is made.
  • the phase of the delay is compensated before reaching the second polarizer 4, that is, the polarization direction of the light after passing through the first polarizer and then passing through the optical compensation structure and the substrate is the same as the polarization direction after the light passes through the first polarizer.
  • the phenomenon of light leakage of the display substrate in the dark state is improved, thereby expanding the viewing angle range of the display substrate in different directions.
  • the maximum transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel in the dark state is 0.000355, which greatly improves the light leakage phenomenon.
  • the embodiment further provides a display device including the above liquid crystal display panel.

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  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置。其中，显示基板包括：衬底基板(2,3)；贴附在所述衬底基板(2)上的光学补偿结构(5,6,7)，所述光学补偿结构(5,6,7)能够扩大所述显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围。

Description

显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2016年3月30日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201610191414.6的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，特别是指一种显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
相关技术中，柔性液晶显示面板由于衬底基板的光学特性，存在如下问题：在暗态时，衬底基板在厚度方向上对光的延迟量很大，会导致光的偏振态发生变化，使得液晶显示面板在暗态下漏光，观看视角变差，影响了液晶显示面板的显示效果。
发明内容
本公开的目的之一是提供一种显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置，以改善液晶显示面板的显示效果。
一方面，本公开的实施例提供了一种显示基板，包括：
衬底基板；
贴附在所述衬底基板上的光学补偿结构，所述光学补偿结构能够扩大所述显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围。
进一步地，所述衬底基板一侧设置有偏光片，光线先经过所述偏光片再经过所述光学补偿结构后的偏振方向与光线经过所述偏光片后的偏振方向一致。
进一步地，所述光学补偿结构包括：
位于所述衬底基板一侧的第一光学补偿膜，所述第一光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny，其中，nx为光学补偿膜表面上的一x轴方向上的折射率，ny为光学补偿膜表面上的一y轴方向上的折射率，nz为光学补偿膜表面上的一z轴方向上的折射率；
位于所述衬底基板另一侧的第二光学补偿膜，所述第二光学补偿膜满足 下列光学条件式：nz＞nx＝ny；
位于所述第二光学补偿膜背向所述衬底基板一侧的第三光学补偿膜，所述第三光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny。
进一步地，所述第一光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为180-220nm，所述第一光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.75；
所述第二光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为2420-2550nm，所述第二光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为负无穷大；
所述第三光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为250-300nm，所述第三光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.25；
其中，面内延迟量＝(nx-ny)*d，厚度方向的折射率＝(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)，d为光学补偿膜的厚度。
进一步地，所述第一光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为206nm。
进一步地，所述第二光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为2480nm。
进一步地，所述第三光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为276nm。
进一步地，所述衬底基板为聚酰亚胺基板。
进一步地，所述第一光学补偿膜位于所述偏光片和所述衬底基板之间，所述第二光学补偿膜位于所述衬底基板背向所述偏光片的一侧，所述第三光学补偿膜位于所述第二光学补偿膜背向所述衬底基板的一侧。
本公开实施例还提供了一种液晶显示面板，包括如上所述的显示基板。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的液晶显示面板。
本公开的实施例具有以下有益效果：上述方案中，在衬底基板上贴附有光学补偿结构，光学补偿结构能够扩大所述显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围，进而降低显示基板的厚度方向相位差，这样在液晶显示面板采用本公开的显示基板时，能够改善液晶显示面板在暗态下的视角，避免发生漏光现象，提升液晶显示面板的显示效果。
附图说明
图1为相关技术中一种液晶显示面板的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例的工作原理示意图；
图3为本公开实施例显示基板的结构示意图
图4为本公开实施例液晶显示面板的结构示意图。
附图标记
1第一偏光片  2、3衬底基板  4第二偏光片
5第一光学补偿膜  6第二光学补偿膜  7第三光学补偿膜
具体实施方式
为使本公开的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也相应地改变。
本公开的实施例针对相关技术中衬底基板对于光在厚度方向延迟量很大，导致液晶显示面板在暗态下的视角变差，漏光很大，影响了液晶显示面板的显示效果的问题，提供一种显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置，能够改善液晶显示面板的显示效果。
本实施例提供一种显示基板，包括：
衬底基板；
贴附在所述衬底基板上的光学补偿结构，所述光学补偿结构能够扩大所述显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围。
本实施例在衬底基板上贴附有光学补偿结构，光学补偿结构能够扩大所述显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围，进而降低显示基板的厚度方向相位差，这样在液晶显示面板采用本公开的显示基板时，能够改善液晶显示面板在暗态下的视角，避免发生漏光现象，提升液晶显示面板的显示效果。
进一步地，所述衬底基板一侧设置有偏光片，使得即使在斜向观看时，光线先经过所述偏光片再经过所述光学补偿结构以及所述衬底基板后的偏振方向与光线经过所述偏光片后的偏振方向一致。这样能够改善液晶显示面板在暗态下的视角，提升液晶显示面板的显示效果。
图1所示为相关技术中液晶显示面板的结构示意图。相关技术中的柔性液晶显示面板包括有对盒设置的第一基板和第二基板。第二基板位于第一基板上。第二基板包括衬底基板3，衬底基板3一侧设置有第二偏光片4。第一基板包括衬底基板2，衬底基板2一侧设置有第一偏光片1。具体地，衬底基板2可以为PI(聚酰亚胺)基板。当然衬底基板2还可以为树脂基板等其它衬底基板。以衬底基板2为PI基板为例，在暗态时，PI基板的面内延迟量(Ro)＝0，但是厚度方向的延迟量(Rth)很大，Rth最高可达2330nm。而高的Rth会导致液晶显示面板在暗态下的视角变差，漏光很大，影响了液晶显示面板的显示效果。影响暗态下视角的因素包括，衬底基板在不同视角下对光的延迟量不同，会导致斜向观看时光线经过第一偏光片以及衬底基板后的光线的偏振方向和第二偏光片偏振方向之间不再垂直。
以PI基板为例，由于PI基板的Ro＝0，Rth＝2330nm，因此PI基板相当于一个C板(C-plate，是指具有垂直于板平面或平行于入射光方向的异方轴(extraordinary axis)或光轴(optical axis)的单轴双折射板，即nx＝ny＞nz的光学膜层)，C-plate在不同视角下的延迟(retardation)公式为：
Figure PCTCN2016082061-appb-000001
其中，Γc为不同视角下的延迟量，λ为光的波长，no为平行于液晶长轴方向上的折射率，d为光学补偿膜的厚度，ne为垂直于液晶长轴方向上的折射率，θ0为视角与法线之间的夹角。由于Rth很大，C-plate的延迟量呈现周期性变化，最大的延迟量达到了270nm。
另外，不同视角下经过第一偏光片和第二偏光片过滤后的光线的偏振方向的夹角ψ满足公式：
Figure PCTCN2016082061-appb-000002
其中，θk为观看时的极角方向。
Figure PCTCN2016082061-appb-000003
为第一偏光片夹角，
Figure PCTCN2016082061-appb-000004
为第二偏光片夹角，
Figure PCTCN2016082061-appb-000005
为观看时的方位角。
因此，在进行补偿时主要补偿上述两个因素导致的暗态漏光。
为此，本实施例提供了一种显示基板。如图3所示，本实施例的显示基板包括衬底基板2，衬底基板2的一侧设置有第一偏光片1。进一步地，本实施例的显示基板还包括贴附在衬底基板2上的光学补偿结构，该光学补偿结构能够扩大显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围。具体地，该光学补偿结构包括有位于衬底基板2和第一偏光片1之间的第一光学补偿膜5，位于衬底基板2背向第一偏光片1一侧的第二光学补偿膜6，位于第二光学补偿膜6背向衬底基板2一侧的第三光学补偿膜7。
可选实施例中，衬底基板为PI基板，这样显示基板能够适用于柔性显示中。当然，衬底基板2还可以为其他类型的衬底基板，比如石英基板、树脂基板或玻璃基板等等。
在衬底基板2上贴附该光学补偿结构后，光线经过第一偏光片1再经过所述光学补偿结构以及衬底基板后的偏振方向与光线经过第一偏光片1后的偏振方向一致。
其中，第一光学补偿膜5满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny，其中，nx为光学补偿膜表面上的一x轴方向上的折射率，ny为光学补偿膜表面上的一y轴方向上的折射率，nz为光学补偿膜表面上的一z轴方向上的折射率；其中，x轴、y轴、z轴彼此垂直。第二光学补偿膜6满足下列光学条件式：nz＞nx＝ny。第三光学补偿膜7满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny。
经过大量的实验验证，在第一光学补偿膜5、第二光学补偿膜6、第三光学补偿膜7采用下述取值时，能够有效改善显示基板在暗态下的视角，避免发生漏光现象，提升显示基板的显示效果：
第一光学补偿膜5的面内延迟量为180-220nm，第一光学补偿膜5的厚度方向的折射率为0.75；
第二光学补偿膜6的面内延迟量为2420-2550nm，第二光学补偿膜6的厚度方向的折射率为负无穷大；
第三光学补偿膜7的面内延迟量为250-300nm，第三光学补偿膜7的厚 度方向的折射率为0.25；
其中，面内延迟量＝(nx-ny)*d，厚度方向的折射率Nz＝(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)，d为光学补偿膜的厚度。
可选地，第一光学补偿膜5的面内延迟量为206nm，第二光学补偿膜6的面内延迟量为2480nm，第三光学补偿膜7的面内延迟量为276nm。
同时经过实验，在衬底基板2上贴附本实施例的光学补偿结构后，显示基板暗态下光线的最大透过率为0.000355，大大改善了漏光现象。
本实施例提供了一种液晶显示面板，如图4所示，本实施例的液晶显示面板包括对盒设置的第一基板和第二基板。第二基板位于第一基板上，第二基板包括衬底基板3，衬底基板3上贴附有第二偏光片4。第一基板包括衬底基板2，衬底基板2上贴附有第一偏光片1。进一步地，本实施例的液晶显示面板还包括贴附在衬底基板2上的光学补偿结构，该光学补偿结构能够扩大液晶显示面板在不同方向下的视角范围，具体地，该光学补偿结构包括有位于衬底基板2和第一偏光片1之间的第一光学补偿膜5，位于衬底基板2背向第一偏光片1一侧的第二光学补偿膜6，位于第二光学补偿膜6背向衬底基板2一侧的第三光学补偿膜7。
可选实施例中，衬底基板2为PI基板。这样能够应用在柔性显示中，当然，衬底基板2还可以为其他类型的衬底基板，比如石英基板、树脂基板或玻璃基板。
在衬底基板2上贴附该光学补偿结构后，光线经过第一偏光片1再经过所述光学补偿结构以及所述衬底基板后的偏振方向与光线经过第一偏光片1后的偏振方向一致。
其中，第一光学补偿膜5满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny，其中，nx为光学补偿膜表面上的一x轴方向上的折射率，ny为光学补偿膜表面上的一y轴方向上的折射率，nz为光学补偿膜表面上的一z轴方向上的折射率；
第二光学补偿膜6满足下列光学条件式：nz＞nx＝ny；
第三光学补偿膜7满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny；
即第一光学补偿膜5、第三光学补偿膜7相当于Z-film，第二光学补偿膜6相当于C-plate。
经过大量的实验验证，在第一光学补偿膜5、第二光学补偿膜6、第三光学补偿膜7采用下述取值时，能够有效改善显示基板在暗态下的视角，避免发生漏光现象，提升显示基板的显示效果：
第一光学补偿膜5的面内延迟量为180-220nm，第一光学补偿膜5的厚度方向的折射率为0.75；
第二光学补偿膜6的面内延迟量为2420-2550nm，第二光学补偿膜6的厚度方向的折射率为负无穷大；
第三光学补偿膜7的面内延迟量为250-300nm，第三光学补偿膜7的厚度方向的折射率为0.25；
其中，面内延迟量＝(nx-ny)*d，厚度方向的折射率Nz＝(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)，d为光学补偿膜的厚度。
可选地，第一光学补偿膜5的面内延迟量为206nm，第二光学补偿膜6的面内延迟量为2480nm，第三光学补偿膜7的面内延迟量为276nm。
如图2所示，图中的①点和④点代表观看时经过第一偏光片1和到达第二偏光片4的光线上某一点振动方向在简化的邦加球上的位置。在垂直观看时，光线经过第一偏光片1后的方向为①，其和光线到达第二偏光片4时的方向④应该是重合的，即光线的相位并未改变，即不存在延迟量。而在斜向看时，由于衬底基板对光产生相位延迟，光的振动方向发生变化，在未设置光学补偿结构时，①和④的方向不再重合。本公开实施例通过在衬底基板2上贴附本实施例提供的光学补偿结构后，在斜向观看时，使得光线经过第一偏光片1，再依次经过第一光学补偿膜5，衬底基板2，第二光学补偿膜6，第三光学补偿膜7后，光线在邦加球上的位置按序从①到②，从②到③，从③到②，从②到④，使光线延迟的相位在到达第二偏光片4前得到补偿，即光线先经过第一偏光片再经过所述光学补偿结构以及衬底基板后的偏振方向与光线经过第一偏光片后的偏振方向一致，使得在暗态时显示基板的漏光现象得到改善，从而扩大显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围。在液晶显示面板上贴附本实施例的光学补偿结构后，液晶显示面板暗态下最大透过率为0.000355，大大改善了漏光现象。
本实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述的液晶显示面板。
以上所述是本公开的可选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种显示基板，包括：
    衬底基板；
    贴附在所述衬底基板上的光学补偿结构，所述光学补偿结构能够扩大所述显示基板在不同方向下的视角范围。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述衬底基板一侧设置有偏光片，光线先经过所述偏光片再经过所述光学补偿结构以及所述衬底基板后的偏振方向与光线经过所述偏光片后的偏振方向一致。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，所述光学补偿结构包括：
    位于所述衬底基板一侧的第一光学补偿膜，所述第一光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny，其中，nx为光学补偿膜表面上的一x轴方向上的折射率，ny为光学补偿膜表面上的一y轴方向上的折射率，nz为光学补偿膜表面上的一z轴方向上的折射率；
    位于所述衬底基板另一侧的第二光学补偿膜，所述第二光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nz＞nx＝ny；
    位于所述第二光学补偿膜背向所述衬底基板一侧的第三光学补偿膜，所述第三光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，
    所述第一光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为180-220nm，所述第一光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.75；
    所述第二光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为2420-2550nm，所述第二光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为负无穷大；
    所述第三光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为250-300nm，所述第三光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.25；
    其中，面内延迟量＝(nx-ny)*d，厚度方向的折射率＝(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)，d为光学补偿膜的厚度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为206nm。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的显示基板，其中，所述第二光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为2480nm。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的显示基板，其中，所述第三光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为276nm。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一光学补偿膜位于所述偏光片和所述衬底基板之间，所述第二光学补偿膜位于所述衬底基板背向所述偏光片的一侧，所述第三光学补偿膜位于所述第二光学补偿膜背向所述衬底基板的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述衬底基板为聚酰亚胺基板。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示基板，其中，所述衬底基板一侧设置有偏光片，光线先经过所述偏光片再经过所述光学补偿结构以及所述衬底基板后的偏振方向与光线经过所述偏光片后的偏振方向一致。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示基板，其中，所述光学补偿结构包括：
    位于所述衬底基板一侧的第一光学补偿膜，所述第一光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny，其中，nx为光学补偿膜表面上的一x轴方向上的折射率，ny为光学补偿膜表面上的一y轴方向上的折射率，nz为光学补偿膜表面上的一z轴方向上的折射率；
    位于所述衬底基板另一侧的第二光学补偿膜，所述第二光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nz＞nx＝ny；
    位于所述第二光学补偿膜背向所述衬底基板一侧的第三光学补偿膜，所述第三光学补偿膜满足下列光学条件式：nx＞nz＞ny。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一光学补偿膜位于所述偏光片和所述衬底基板之间，所述第二光学补偿膜位于所述衬底基板背向所述偏光片的一侧，所述第三光学补偿膜位于所述第二光学补偿膜背向所述衬底基板的一侧。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的显示基板，其中，
    所述第一光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为180-220nm，所述第一光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.75；
    所述第二光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为2420-2550nm，所述第二光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为负无穷大；
    所述第三光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为250-300nm，所述第三光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.25；
    其中，面内延迟量＝(nx-ny)*d，厚度方向的折射率＝(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)，d为光学补偿膜的厚度。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示基板，其中，
    所述第一光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为180-220nm，所述第一光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.75；
    所述第二光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为2420-2550nm，所述第二光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为负无穷大；
    所述第三光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为250-300nm，所述第三光学补偿膜的厚度方向的折射率为0.25；
    其中，面内延迟量＝(nx-ny)*d，厚度方向的折射率＝(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)，d为光学补偿膜的厚度。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为206nm。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的显示基板，其中，所述第二光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为2480nm。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的显示基板，其中，所述第三光学补偿膜的面内延迟量为276nm。
  18. 一种液晶显示面板，包括如权利要求1-17中任一项所述的显示基板。
  19. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求18所述的液晶显示面板。
PCT/CN2016/082061 2016-03-30 2016-05-13 显示基板、液晶显示面板及显示装置 WO2017166388A1 (zh)

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