WO2017161597A1 - 一种新型灭弧室 - Google Patents

一种新型灭弧室 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017161597A1
WO2017161597A1 PCT/CN2016/077624 CN2016077624W WO2017161597A1 WO 2017161597 A1 WO2017161597 A1 WO 2017161597A1 CN 2016077624 W CN2016077624 W CN 2016077624W WO 2017161597 A1 WO2017161597 A1 WO 2017161597A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc extinguishing
extinguishing chamber
nano
contact
insulating material
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/077624
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周晓默
Original Assignee
周晓默
许昌永新电气股份有限公司
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Application filed by 周晓默, 许昌永新电气股份有限公司 filed Critical 周晓默
Publication of WO2017161597A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017161597A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric power switch devices, and in particular to a switch device arc extinguishing chamber.
  • Switching equipment is the most important equipment in electrical power and a key device for controlling and protecting circuits in power systems.
  • a strong high-temperature arc will be generated between the split contacts, especially the arc generated when the high-voltage circuit is disconnected, which has a great destructive effect on the split contacts, how to deal with the arc Effective extinguishing is a key technology in switchgear.
  • low-voltage switchgear mainly adopts air medium for normal or compressed air-extinguishing
  • high-voltage switchgear mainly adopts insulating oil, air-pressure gas type, sulfur hexafluoride gas or vacuum magnetic field arcing to extinguish the arc.
  • the prior art mainly uses three states of gaseous medium, liquid medium, vacuum magnetic field and no medium to extinguish the arc, and does not use the solid medium to extinguish the arc.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel arc extinguishing chamber, which utilizes nano insulating material as an arc extinguishing medium and has the advantages of strong arc extinguishing capability.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a novel arc extinguishing chamber comprises a casing and movable contacts and static contacts disposed at two ends of the casing, wherein the static contacts are sealed and fixedly connected to the casing through the first end cover, and the movable contacts pass through the second end cover
  • the housing is movably connected to the housing, and the housing is filled with an insulating material, and the insulating material is made of a nano insulating material.
  • the nano-insulating material uses a spheroidized nano-insulating material having a size of 20 micrometers to 30 micrometers.
  • the height of the nano-insulating material filled in the casing can cover at least a portion where the moving contact contacts the static contact.
  • the nano-insulating material adopts a nano ceramic material, a nano polymer material or an aerogel.
  • the nanoceramic material is a nanoceramic material whose main component is silica or alumina.
  • a guiding sleeve is disposed between the movable contact and the second end cover, and the guiding sleeve is disposed on the moving contact, and the guiding sleeve is fixedly connected with the corrugated sealing cover through the bellows, and the bellows and the corrugated sealing cover are sleeved On the moving contact, the corrugated sealing cover is fixedly connected with the moving contact.
  • the movable contact and the static contact adopt a plug-in structure, a plunge structure or a planar contact structure.
  • the end faces of the movable contact and the fixed contact are coated with a ceramic coating.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, vacuum-processing the interior of the arc extinguishing chamber and encapsulating the spheroidized nano-insulating material, and utilizing the good insulating property, thermal conductivity, high flow property and high temperature resistance of the nano-insulating material to achieve the purpose of arc extinguishing. .
  • the nano-insulating material becomes spherical particles.
  • the contact breaks, the spherical particles flow with the contact, thereby physically blocking the arc, and the spherical particles between the two contacts lengthen the length of the arc in the electric field.
  • the spherical particles in contact with the arc rapidly conduct heat to the surrounding particles, thereby lowering the arc temperature, thereby achieving physical arc extinguishing; at the same time, the spherical particles in contact with the arc adsorb the metal ions in the arc, and the spherical particles act in the arc high temperature Partial sintering or gasification occurs, so that the arc temperature is lowered to achieve the purpose of extinction; the ends of the moving contact and the static contact are coated with a ceramic coating, which can elongate the arc and accelerate the cooling of the arc.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention when it is closed.
  • the present invention includes a casing 3 in which a vacuum is applied.
  • the casing 3 is a porcelain casing, and the casing 3 is cylindrical, and both ends of the casing 3 are provided.
  • the movable contact 6 and the fixed contact 1 are respectively provided, and the fixed contact 1 is sealed and fixedly connected to the housing 3 through the first end cover 10, and the movable contact 6 is sealed and connected to the housing 3 through the second end cover 8
  • the first end cover 10 and the second end cover 8 are made of stainless steel, and a guide sleeve 7 is disposed between the movable contact 6 and the second end cover 8. The guide sleeve 7 is sleeved on the movable contact 6 and guided.
  • the sleeve 7 is sealed, and the guide sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the corrugated seal cover 9 through the bellows 5.
  • the bellows 5 and the corrugated seal cover 9 are sleeved on the movable contact, and the corrugated seal cover 9 is fixedly connected with the movable contact.
  • the corrugated sealing cover 9 and the bellows 5 are both existing devices and will not be described again. During the movement of the movable contact 6 up and down, the corrugated sealing cover 9 moves up and down with the moving contact 6, and the bellows 5 expands and contracts up and down, and does not affect the vacuum state in the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the vacuum portion in the cylindrical casing 3 is filled with an insulating material 2, and the insulating material 2 is made of a nano-insulating material having a size of 20 micrometers to 30 micrometers.
  • the nano-insulating material is made of a nano-polymer material. , aerogel or nano-ceramic material whose main component is silica or alumina.
  • the spherical particles between the two contacts can lengthen the length of the arc in the electric field, and the spherical particles in contact with the arc rapidly conduct heat.
  • the arc temperature is lowered, thereby achieving physical arc extinguishing; at the same time, the spherical particles in contact with the arc are capable of adsorbing metal ions in the arc, and the spherical particles are locally sintered or vaporized under the action of arc high temperature, thereby The arc temperature is lowered to achieve the purpose of extinction.
  • the movable contact 6 and the static contact 1 adopt a plug-in structure.
  • the switch When the switch is closed, the movable contact 6 is inserted into the static contact 1, and the end surface of the movable contact 6 and the fixed contact 1 is coated with a ceramic coating 4, The ceramic material can elongate the arc, accelerate the cooling of the arc, and the plug-in structure of the movable contact 6 and the static contact 1 is an existing structure, and will not be described again.
  • the movable contact 6 and the fixed contact 1 can also adopt a plunge structure or a planar contact structure, and the plunge structure and the planar contact structure are both existing structures, and will not be described again.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber is in a breaking state, the conductive loop is cut off; when the moving contact 6 is in contact with the static contact 1, The arc chamber is in a closed state and the conductive loop is turned on.
  • the nano-insulating material can effectively suppress the generation and expansion of the arc, and ensure that the switch is effectively opened and closed.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型灭弧室，包括壳体（3）及设置在壳体（3）两端的动触头（6）和静触头（1），静触头（1）通过第一端封盖（10）与壳体（3）密封固定连接，动触头（6）通过第二端封盖（8）与壳体（3）密封活动连接，壳体（3）内填充有绝缘材料（2），绝缘材料（2）采用纳米绝缘材料。这种灭弧室结构简单，将灭弧室内部做真空处理并封装球化处理过的纳米绝缘材料，利用纳米绝缘材料良好的绝缘性能、导热性能、高流动性能和耐高温性能，来达到灭弧的目的，具有灭弧能力强的优点。

Description

一种新型灭弧室
技术领域
本发明涉及电力电气开关设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种开关设备灭弧室。
背景技术
开关设备是电气中最重要的设备，是电力系统中控制和保护电路的关键设备。开关设备在闭合或断开线路时，在合分触头之间会产生很强烈的高温电弧，尤其在高压电路分断时产生的电弧，对合分触头具有很大的破坏作用，如何对电弧予以有效熄灭是开关设备中的关键技术。目前在交流开关领域，低压开关设备主要采用空气介质进行常态或压气式熄弧；高压开关设备主要采取绝缘油、空气压气式、六氟化硫气体或真空磁场旋弧等方法进行熄弧。在直流开关流域，由于直流电没有过零点，所以在低压直流电领域，主要是在空气介质状态下，采用多栅极、叠加交流电路或磁场旋弧等方法进行熄弧；高压以及特高压领域采用半导体直流阀进行线路合分。综上所述，现有技术主要采用气态介质、液态介质、真空磁场旋弧无介质这样三种状态进行熄弧，并没有用固态介质进行灭弧的技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型灭弧室，利用纳米绝缘材料作为灭弧介质，具有灭弧能力强的优点。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种新型灭弧室，包括壳体及设置在壳体两端的动触头和静触头，静触头通过第一端封盖与壳体密封固定连接，动触头通过第二端封盖与壳体密封活动连接，所述壳体内填充有绝缘材料，所述绝缘材料采用纳米绝缘材料。
所述纳米绝缘材料采用经球化处理的尺寸为20微米至30微米的纳米绝缘材料。
所述壳体内填充的纳米绝缘材料的高度至少能覆盖动触头与静触头相接触的部位。
所述纳米绝缘材料采用纳米陶瓷材料、纳米高分子材料或气凝胶。
所述纳米陶瓷材料采用主要成分为二氧化硅或氧化铝的纳米陶瓷材料。
所述动触头与第二端封盖之间设置有导向套，导向套套设在动触头上，导向套通过波纹管与波纹密封罩固定连接，所述波纹管及波纹密封罩均套设在动触头上，且波纹密封罩与动触头固定连接。
所述动触头和静触头采用插入式结构、切入式结构或平面接触式结构。
所述动触头和静触头采用插入式结构时，动触头和静触头相接触的端面上均涂有陶瓷涂层。
本发明结构简单，将灭弧室内部做真空处理并封装球化处理过的纳米绝缘材料，利用纳米绝缘材料良好的绝缘性能、导热性能、高流动性能和耐高温性能，来达到灭弧的目的。纳米绝缘材料经球化处理后成为球状颗粒，在触头分断运动时，球状颗粒随触头流动，从而将电弧物理性阻断，两触头间的球状颗粒拉长电弧在电场中的长度，与电弧接触的球状颗粒迅速将热量传导至周边颗粒，使电弧温度降低，由此实现物理性熄弧；与此同时，与电弧接触的球状颗粒吸附弧光中的金属离子，球状颗粒在弧光高温作用下发生局部烧结或者气化，从而使电弧温度降低，达到熄弧目的；动触头和静触头接触的端部均涂有陶瓷涂层，陶瓷涂层能够拉长电弧，加速电弧的冷却。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为图1的A-A向剖视图；
图3为本发明合闸时的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1至图3所示，本发明包括壳体3，壳体3内为真空，在本实施例中，壳体3采用瓷壳，且壳体3为圆柱形，壳体3的两端分别设有动触头6和静触头1，静触头1通过第一端封盖10与壳体3密封固定连接，动触头6通过第二端封盖8与壳体3密封活动连接，第一端封盖10和第二端封盖8采用不锈钢材料，动触头6与第二端封盖8之间设置有导向套7，导向套7套设在动触头6上，导向套7起密封作用，导向套7通过波纹管5与波纹密封罩9固定连接，波纹管5和波纹密封罩9均套设在动触头上，且波纹密封罩9与动触头固定连接，波纹密封罩9及波纹管5均为现有装置，不再赘述。在动触头6上下运动的过程中，波纹密封罩9随动触头6上下移动，波纹管5上下伸缩，不影响灭弧室内的真空状态。
圆柱形壳体3内的真空部位填充有绝缘材料2，绝缘材料2采用经球化处理的尺寸为20微米至30微米的纳米绝缘材料，在本实施例中，纳米绝缘材料采用纳米高分子材料、气凝胶或主要成分为二氧化硅或氧化铝的纳米陶瓷材料，动触头6和静触头1闭合时，纳米绝缘材料的高度应至少能覆盖动触头6与静触头1相接触的部位。在触头分断运动时，纳米绝缘材料随触头流动，从而将电弧物理性阻断，两触头间的球状颗粒能够拉长电弧在电场中的长度，与电弧接触的球状颗粒迅速将热量传导至周边颗粒，使电弧温度降低，由此实现物理性熄弧；与此同时，与电弧接触的球状颗粒能够吸附弧光中的金属离子，球状颗粒在弧光高温作用下发生局部烧结或者气化，从而使电弧温度降低，达到熄弧目的。
动触头6和静触头1采用插入式结构，合闸时，动触头6插入静触头1，动触头6与静触头1相接触的端面上均涂有陶瓷涂层4，陶瓷材料能够拉长电弧，加速电弧的冷却，动触头6和静触头1的插入式结构为现有结构，不再赘述。此外，动触头6和静触头1还可采用切入式结构或平面接触式结构，切入式结构及平面接触式结构均为现有结构，不再赘述。
本发明在工作时，当动触头6与静触头1之间间隔一定距离时，灭弧室处于分断状态，导电回路被切断；当动触头6与静触头1相接触时，灭弧室处于关合状态，导电回路接通。在动触头6与静触头1分离和闭合过程中，纳米绝缘材料能够有效地抑制电弧的产生和扩张，保证开关有效地开合。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种新型灭弧室，包括壳体及设置在壳体两端的动触头和静触头，静触头通过第一端封盖与壳体密封固定连接，动触头通过第二端封盖与壳体密封活动连接，其特征在于：所述壳体内填充有绝缘材料，所述绝缘材料采用纳米绝缘材料。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种新型灭弧室，其特征在于：所述纳米绝缘材料采用经球化处理的尺寸为20微米至30微米的纳米绝缘材料。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的一种新型灭弧室，其特征在于：所述壳体内填充的纳米绝缘材料的高度至少能覆盖动触头与静触头相接触的部位。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的一种新型灭弧室，其特征在于：所述纳米绝缘材料采用纳米陶瓷材料、纳米高分子材料或气凝胶。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种新型灭弧室，其特征在于：所述纳米陶瓷材料采用主要成分为二氧化硅或氧化铝的纳米陶瓷材料。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的一种新型灭弧室，其特征在于：所述动触头与第二端封盖之间设置有导向套，导向套套设在动触头上，导向套通过波纹管与波纹密封罩固定连接，所述波纹管及波纹密封罩均套设在动触头上，且波纹密封罩与动触头固定连接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种新型灭弧室，其特征在于：所述动触头和静触头采用插入式结构、切入式结构或平面接触式结构。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种新型灭弧室，其特征在于：所述动触头和静触头采用插入式结构时，动触头和静触头相接触的端面上均涂有陶瓷涂层。
PCT/CN2016/077624 2016-03-23 2016-03-29 一种新型灭弧室 WO2017161597A1 (zh)

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CN107189170A (zh) * 2017-07-12 2017-09-22 湖北大禹汉光真空电器有限公司 一种用于加速真空灭弧室散热的填充材料及制备方法
CN108565177A (zh) * 2018-05-03 2018-09-21 湖北大禹汉光真空电器有限公司 一种散热效果好的触头散热系统
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CN205487926U (zh) * 2016-03-23 2016-08-17 周晓默 一种新型灭弧室

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