WO2022120775A1 - 柱上组合电器 - Google Patents

柱上组合电器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022120775A1
WO2022120775A1 PCT/CN2020/135558 CN2020135558W WO2022120775A1 WO 2022120775 A1 WO2022120775 A1 WO 2022120775A1 CN 2020135558 W CN2020135558 W CN 2020135558W WO 2022120775 A1 WO2022120775 A1 WO 2022120775A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductor
switch
chamber
isolation switch
contact
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/135558
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王承玉
冯英
Original Assignee
中国电力科学研究院有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202011426715.5A external-priority patent/CN112615294A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202022924284.7U external-priority patent/CN214590159U/zh
Application filed by 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 filed Critical 中国电力科学研究院有限公司
Publication of WO2022120775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022120775A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/20—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms
    • H01H9/26—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for interlocking two or more switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
    • H02B1/26—Casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
    • H02B1/46—Boxes; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
    • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
    • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B5/00—Non-enclosed substations; Substations with enclosed and non-enclosed equipment
    • H02B5/02—Non-enclosed substations; Substations with enclosed and non-enclosed equipment mounted on pole, e.g. pole transformer substation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of power engineering, for example, to a pole-mounted switchgear.
  • on-column load switches, on-column circuit breakers, on-column isolation switches, etc. generally exist independently, and most of the on-column load switches and circuit breakers use vacuum interrupters as arc extinguishing and isolation fractures.
  • SF 6 gas is used to undertake the functions of insulation and arc extinguishing, which does not meet the requirements of environmental protection.
  • the present application proposes a column-mounted switchgear, which aims to solve the problems that the existing column-mounted switchgear cannot integrate an isolation switch internally, the insulation level of the fracture is difficult to guarantee, and the connection error between the external measurement line and the internal conductor is large.
  • the present application proposes an on-column switchgear, comprising:
  • Two sets of bushings the partial structures of the two sets of bushings are respectively inserted on both sides of the box body, one set of the bushings is provided with a first measurement line, and the other set of the bushings is provided with a first measurement circuit.
  • a second measurement line is passed through;
  • an insulating body which is placed in the box and divides the inside of the box into a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a fourth chamber, and the first chamber is provided with a first conductor, the first conductor is butted with the first measurement circuit; a second conductor is provided in the second chamber, and the second conductor is butted with the second measurement circuit;
  • an isolating switch which is placed in the box, and the static contact of the isolating switch is located in the first chamber and is in contact with the first conductor, and the moving contact of the isolating switch is located in the fourth chamber,
  • the conductive rod of the isolation switch is exposed in the area between the first chamber and the fourth chamber;
  • a circuit breaker which is placed in the third chamber and connected with the second measurement line through the second conductor, is used for switching the normal current of the line or cutting off the fault current.
  • the isolation switch includes: an isolation switch operating shaft, an isolation switch insulating rod, an isolation switch conductive rod, an isolation switch static contact and an isolation switch moving contact;
  • isolation switch insulation rod is connected with the isolation switch operating shaft, and the other end is connected with the isolation switch conductive rod.
  • the isolation switch operating shaft drives the isolation switch by driving the isolation switch insulation rod to operate.
  • the conductive rod of the isolation switch moves between the static contact of the isolation switch and the movable contact of the isolation switch to realize the conduction and disconnection of the static contact of the isolation switch and the movable contact of the isolation switch.
  • a guide block is embedded in one end of the isolation switch conductive rod close to the isolation switch static contact, and the isolation switch conductive rod has one end close to the isolation switch movable contact.
  • a number of first guide rings are provided, and each of the first guide rings is distributed on both sides of the moving contact of the isolation switch.
  • the guide block is matched with the first guide ring to make the isolation switch static. The contact and the moving contact of the isolation switch are centrally inserted on the conductive rod of the isolation switch.
  • a plurality of ventilation holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the guide block to avoid sealing of the insulating gas in the box.
  • the circuit breaker includes: a circuit breaker operating shaft, a circuit breaker insulating rod and a vacuum interrupter; wherein,
  • One end of the insulating pull rod of the circuit breaker is connected to the moving end of the vacuum interrupter, and the spring inside the insulating pull rod of the circuit breaker is arranged close to the vacuum interrupter; the other end of the insulating pull rod of the circuit breaker is connected to the vacuum interrupter.
  • the circuit breaker operating shaft is connected to each other, and the circuit breaker insulating rod is used to transmit the closing and opening energy of the circuit breaker operating shaft to the vacuum interrupter, so as to control the closing and opening operation of the circuit breaker.
  • the moving end of the vacuum interrupter is connected to the second measurement circuit, and the first measurement circuit that is conducted through the static contact of the isolation switch and the moving contact of the isolation switch is passed through the vacuum interrupter
  • the chamber leads out of the box.
  • the two sets of bushings are provided with a guiding mechanism, which is used to connect the first measurement line with the first conductor, and the second measurement line and the The butt joint of the second conductors plays a guiding role.
  • the guide mechanism includes: a conductive tube, a guide sleeve, a second guide ring and a strap contact finger structure; wherein,
  • the opposite ends of the conductive tube are respectively provided with a first plug cavity and a second plug cavity, the first measurement circuit is plugged into the first plug cavity; the first conductor is plugged into the second plug cavity in the insertion cavity, and a guide sleeve is sleeved between the first end of the first conductor and the inner wall of the conductive tube;
  • the second guide ring is sleeved on the first conductor at a position away from the first end, and the first conductor is slidably sleeved in the area between the second guide ring and the guide sleeve.
  • the strap contact finger structure, the guide sleeve, the second guide ring and the strap contact finger structure cooperate to ensure reliable butt joint of the conductive tube and the first conductor.
  • the watchband contact finger structure is formed by stacking a plurality of watchband contact fingers, and springs are arranged between each of the watchband contact fingers to restrict each The displacement of the strap contact finger on the first conductor.
  • a lightning arrester and a voltage transformer are arranged in parallel on one side of the two sets of bushings located outside the box.
  • the inner wall of the box is provided with a flame-retardant structure.
  • the structure is compact, the number of wiring terminals is reduced, and the wiring of the entire electrical appliance becomes simpler.
  • the conductive rod of the isolating switch is exposed on the insulating body.
  • the external space makes the break of the disconnecting switch an obvious disconnection point to ensure reliable insulation; and it will not be caused by changes in the state of the internal insulating gas, contamination on the surface of the insulating body, and deposition of metal debris generated by the operation of the disconnecting switch on the surface of the insulating body.
  • the insulation level between the disconnectors of the disconnector decreases.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of a column switchgear provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the on-column switchgear provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the column-mounted switchgear in the embodiment of the present application includes: a box body 1, two sets of bushings 2, an insulating body 3, a disconnector 4 and a circuit breaker 5; wherein, the two sets of the bushings 2 Part of the structure is inserted on both sides of the box body 1, wherein a first measurement line 6 is passed through one set of the sleeves 2, and a second measurement line 7 is passed through the other set of the sleeves 2.
  • the insulating body 3 is placed in the box 1, and the inside of the box 1 is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a fourth chamber, and the first chamber
  • a first conductor 8 is arranged in the chamber, and the first conductor 8 is connected to the first measurement circuit 6;
  • a second conductor 9 is arranged in the second chamber, and the second conductor 9 is connected to the second measurement circuit 6.
  • the line 7 is butted; the isolating switch 4 is placed in the box 1, and the static contact of the isolating switch 4 is located in the first chamber and is in contact with the first conductor 8, and the moving contact of the isolating switch 4 is Located in the fourth chamber, the conductive rod of the isolation switch 4 is exposed in the area between the first chamber and the fourth chamber; the circuit breaker 5 is placed in the third chamber, and It is connected to the second measurement line 7 through the second conductor 9, and is used to switch the normal current in the line or cut off the fault current.
  • the box body 1 may be made of a metal material, and the box body 1 has a stepped layered structure.
  • the box 1 can be filled with insulating gas, such as dry air and other non-greenhouse effect gases, or SF 6 gas.
  • a lightning arrester 23 and a voltage transformer 24 are arranged in parallel on one side of the two sets of bushings 2 outside the box 1 .
  • the figure shows a three-phase independent structure, or a three-phase integrated structure.
  • the arrester can effectively protect the first measurement line 6 and the second measurement line 7 .
  • the voltage transformer can be an electronic voltage sensor or an electromagnetic voltage transformer; the power signal is collected by the electronic voltage sensor, and transmitted to the FTU (power distribution switch monitoring terminal) through the first measurement line 6 and the second measurement line 7.
  • Energy storage element which can drive the circuit breaker to act (power failure) in the event of a power failure.
  • the energy storage element may be an energy storage capacitor or a battery.
  • the inner wall of the box body 1 is provided with a flame retardant structure.
  • the flame retardant structure can be a flame retardant layer formed by coating a flame retardant material; it can also be a flame retardant board made of a flame retardant material.
  • a flame retardant structure is arranged on the inner surface of the box body 1 to improve the arc resistance capability of the entire switchgear.
  • the bushing 2 may include: an insulating jacket and a voltage transformer (not shown in the figure), the voltage transformer is in direct contact with the outer surface of the first measurement line 6 or the second measurement line 7 or the voltage transformer is in direct contact with the first measurement line 6 Or the second measurement lines 7 are isolated by insulating materials, and the first measurement line 6, the second measurement line 7, the insulating jacket and the voltage transformer are covered and cured into one body by the insulating material. Voltage sensors are provided in the two sets of bushings 2, and the voltage data passing through the first measurement line 6 and the second measurement line 7 can be collected in real time, respectively.
  • a shielding cover 21 is provided on the part of the two sets of bushings 2 where the first measurement line 6 and the first conductor 8 are butted to shield the electric field.
  • the insulating body 3 is a frame structure made of solid insulating material, such as epoxy resin material.
  • Current transformers 31 are provided on the inlet and outlet lines of the insulating body 3 .
  • the insulating body 3 divides the interior of the box body 1 into four chambers.
  • a first conductor 8 is laid in the first chamber, and one end of the first conductor 8 near the bottom of the box body 1 is connected to the static contact of the isolation switch 4; the second chamber It is arranged opposite to the second measurement line 7 so as to pass through the second conductor 9 .
  • the circuit breaker 5 is installed in the third chamber. Wherein, the fourth chamber communicates with the third chamber.
  • the static contact of the isolating switch 4 is in contact with the first conductor 8 to lead the first measurement line 6 out of the box 1 through the circuit breaker 5 .
  • the conductive rod of the disconnector 4 is exposed in the area between the first chamber and the fourth chamber, so that the disconnection of the disconnector 4 is an obvious disconnection point, and the insulation level of the disconnection of the disconnector 4 should be greater than the first measurement.
  • the insulation level of line 6 to the ground is to ensure reliable fracture insulation; and the isolation switch will not be caused by changes in the state of the internal insulating gas, contamination on the surface of the insulating body 3, metal debris generated by the operation of the isolation switch 4 deposited on the surface of the insulating body 3, etc. 4 The insulation level between the fractures decreases.
  • the present application integrates the isolating switch 4 and the circuit breaker 5 in the insulating body 3 of the overall frame structure, which has a compact structure, reduces the number of wiring terminals, and makes the wiring of the entire electrical appliance simpler, for example, isolation
  • the conductive rod of the switch is exposed in the space outside the insulating body 3, so that the break of the isolating switch 4 is an obvious disconnection point to ensure reliable insulation; and it will not be caused by the change of the state of the internal insulating gas, the surface of the insulating body 3, and the operation of the isolating switch 4.
  • the metal debris deposited on the surface of the insulating body 3 causes the insulation level between the fractures of the disconnector 4 to decrease.
  • the isolating switch 4 includes: isolating switch operating shaft 41, isolating switch insulating rod 42, isolating switch conductive rod 43, isolating switch static contact 44 and isolating switch moving contact 45; wherein, the isolating switch One end of the switch insulation rod 42 is connected to the isolation switch operating shaft 41 , and the other end is connected to the isolation switch conductive rod 43 .
  • the isolation switch operating shaft 41 is operated by driving the isolation switch insulation rod 42 .
  • Drive the isolating switch conductive rod 43 to move between the isolating switch static contact 44 and the isolating switch moving contact 45 to realize the conduction between the isolating switch static contact 44 and the isolating switch moving contact 45 On and off.
  • the static contact 44 of the isolating switch and the moving contact 45 of the isolating switch are both composed of a plurality of spring coils arranged at intervals.
  • it is composed of two spring coils arranged at intervals, which is beneficial to increase the flow capacity.
  • the isolation conductive rod can be selected as a copper tube, so that the current can pass through the outer layer, which saves materials, reduces weight, and is easy to drive.
  • one end of the first chamber close to the bottom of the box 1 is bent and extended to the outside from the length direction of the isolation switch conductive rod 43 .
  • connection between the isolating switch insulating operating rod and the isolating switch conductive rod 43 is a conical surface, and the side with the larger diameter of the conical surface is disposed close to the isolating switch conductive rod 43 .
  • the insulating operating rod of the isolating switch reduces the setting of the umbrella skirt, which makes the processing more convenient, saves the materials, and has better horizontal insulation performance.
  • the isolation switch operating shaft 41 is provided with a buffer spring structure (shown in the figure), which automatically closes after a certain angle of operation, which reduces the operating force and facilitates the operation of on-site personnel.
  • the operator applies an external force to the external operating shaft of the box 1 to drive the operating shaft of the isolating switch to rotate.
  • the rotating movement of the operating shaft of the isolating switch will also drive one end of the isolating switch insulation rod 42 to make a curved movement, and the isolating switch is insulated.
  • the other end of the pull rod 42 drives the moving contact 45 of the disconnecting switch to move in a straight line, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the static contact 44 of the disconnecting switch and the moving contact 45 of the disconnecting switch.
  • a guide block 452 is embedded in one end of the isolating switch conductive rod 43 close to the isolating switch static contact 44, and one end of the isolating switch conductive rod 43 close to the isolating switch moving contact 45 is provided with several A first guide ring 451, each of the first guide rings 451 is distributed on both sides of the isolation switch moving contact 45, and the guide block 452 cooperates with the first guide ring 451 to make the isolation switch
  • the switch static contact 44 and the isolating switch moving contact 45 are centrally inserted on the isolating switch conductive rod 43 .
  • one end of the isolation switch conductive rod 43 is connected to the first conductor 8 through a bolt, and the guide block is sleeved between the inner wall of the isolation switch conductive rod 43 and the head of the bolt; the other end of the isolation switch conductive rod 43 is connected to the bolt through the bolt.
  • the isolation switch insulating rod 42 is connected, and two second guide rings 223 are sleeved outside the isolation switch conductive rod 43, so as to ensure that the isolation switch static contact 44 and the isolation switch movable contact 45 are coaxially arranged.
  • a plurality of ventilation holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the guide block, and the ventilation holes are communicated with the small space in the static contact 44 of the isolation switch, so as to avoid the static contact 44 of the isolation switch.
  • the insulating gas inside is enclosed.
  • the circuit breaker 5 includes: a circuit breaker operating shaft 51 , a circuit breaker insulating rod 52 and a vacuum interrupter 53 ; wherein one end of the circuit breaker insulating rod 52 is connected to the vacuum interrupter 53 The moving end of the circuit breaker is connected to the movable end of the circuit breaker, and the spring 521 inside the insulating pull rod 52 of the circuit breaker is arranged close to the vacuum interrupter 53; the other end of the insulating pull rod 52 of the circuit breaker is connected to the operating shaft 51 of the circuit breaker, so The circuit breaker insulating rod 52 is used to transmit the closing and opening energy of the circuit breaker operating shaft 51 to the vacuum interrupter 53 to control the closing and opening operations of the circuit breaker; the vacuum interrupter The moving end of 53 is connected with the second measuring circuit 7, and the first measuring circuit 6 which is conducted through the static contact 44 of the isolating switch and the moving contact 45 of the isolating switch is passed through the vacuum interrupter 53 Lead out the
  • the disconnector movable contact 45 is connected to the vacuum interrupter 53 through the connection conductor 11 .
  • the spring in the insulating rod 52 of the circuit breaker is close to one side of the arc extinguishing chamber, so that the driving mass is small and the output characteristic is good.
  • One end of the insulating rod 52 of the circuit breaker connected to the moving end of the vacuum interrupter 53 is also provided with a soft connection, and the soft connection is connected to the second conductor 9 through bolts.
  • the expansion and contraction of the flexible connection is controlled by the insulating pull rod 52 of the circuit breaker to maintain the electrical connection with the second conductor 9 when the circuit breaker is opened and closed.
  • the circuit breaker operating shaft 51 is sealed in the casing of the side wall of the box body 1 and is not affected by the external environment, and has strong environmental adaptability.
  • the two sets of bushings 2 are provided with a guiding mechanism 22, which is used to connect the first measurement circuit 6 and the first conductor 8, and the second measurement circuit 7 and the first conductor 8.
  • the butt joint of the second conductors 9 plays a guiding role.
  • the guide mechanism 22 includes: a conductive tube 221, a guide sleeve 222, a second guide ring 223 and a strap contact finger structure 224; wherein, opposite ends of the conductive tube are respectively provided with a first insertion cavity and The second plug cavity, the first measurement circuit 6 is plugged into the first plug cavity; the first conductor 8 is plugged into the second plug cavity, and the first conductor 8 is plugged into the second plug cavity.
  • a guide sleeve is sleeved between one end and the inner wall of the conductive tube; the guide ring is sleeved on the first conductor 8 away from the first end, and the first conductor 8 is located on the second guide
  • the area between the ring 223 and the guide sleeve is slidably provided with the wristband contact finger structure, and the guide sleeve, the second guide ring 223 and the wristband contact finger structure cooperate to ensure that The conductive tube is reliably connected to the first conductor 8 .
  • the first insertion cavity and the second insertion cavity may both be groove structures.
  • the first measurement line 6 is fixed to the first insertion cavity by bolts.
  • the first end of the first conductor 8 is provided with a boss, and the guide sleeve is sleeved between the boss and the inner wall of the conductive tube through bolts.
  • the first conductor 8 is provided with an annular groove matching the second guide ring 223 , and the guide ring can prevent friction between the conductive tube and the first conductor 8 .
  • the strap contact finger structure is slidably sleeved on the first conductor 8 in the area between the guide ring and the guide sleeve.
  • the setting of the strap contact finger structure can reduce the contact resistance and increase the flow. Capability, and can be plugged and unplugged multiple times, ensuring the accurate butt joint of the conductive tube and the first conductor 8, and the conductive tube and the second conductor 9.
  • the strap contact finger structure is formed by stacking a plurality of strap contact fingers, and springs 225 are arranged between the strap contact fingers to limit the position of each strap contact finger.
  • the displacement on the first conductor 8 is described.
  • the wristband contact fingers on the uppermost layer are in contact with the bottom of the boss, and the wristband contact fingers at the bottommost layer are in contact with the portion of the first conductor 8 that is close to the first guide ring.
  • the external measurement line enters the box 1 through one of the sets of bushings 2 , and is connected to the static contact 44 of the isolating switch. 45 contacts, the moving contact 45 of the isolating switch is connected to the static end of the vacuum interrupter 53, and the external measurement circuit is led out of the box 1 through the vacuum interrupter 53 and the right sleeve.
  • the vacuum interrupter 53 is driven to switch off by the insulating rod 52 of the circuit breaker, so that the arc is extinguished in the vacuum interrupter 53 and the circuit is disconnected; then the isolation switch is driven by the isolation switch insulation rod 42 The conductive rod 43 is opened, so that the static contact of the isolation switch 4 is electrically separated from the movable contact 45 of the isolation switch.
  • the isolation switch operating shaft 41 drives the isolation switch conductive rod 43 to close through the isolation switch insulating rod 42, thereby turning on the isolation switch static contact 44 and the isolation switch moving contact 45;
  • the circuit breaker operating shaft 51 drives the vacuum interrupter 53 to close through the circuit breaker insulating rod 52, thereby connecting the circuit.
  • the column-mounted switchgear provided in this embodiment has a compact structure by integrating the isolating switch and the circuit breaker in the insulating body of the overall frame structure, reducing the number of wiring terminals, and making the wiring of the entire electrical appliance easier. It is relatively simple.
  • the conductive rod of the isolating switch is exposed in the space outside the insulating body, so that the fracture of the isolating switch is an obvious disconnection point to ensure reliable insulation;
  • the metal debris generated by the operation is deposited on the surface of the insulating body, which causes the insulation level between the fractures of the isolating switch to decrease; further, by setting up a guiding mechanism in the two sets of bushings, it ensures that the accurate measurement circuit is connected to the inner conductor, and the current is increased. ability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Abstract

一种柱上开关设备，包括：箱体、两组套管、绝缘本体、隔离开关和断路器；两组套管的部分结构分别插设于箱体的两侧，其中一组套管中穿设有第一测量线路，另外一组套管中穿设有第二测量线路；绝缘本体置于箱体内，并将箱体内部分隔成第一腔室、第二腔室、第三腔室和第四腔室，且第一腔室中设置有第一导体，第一导体与第一测量线路对接；隔离开关静触头位于第一腔室内并与第一导体接触，隔离开关动触头位于第四腔室内，隔离开关的导电杆裸露于第一腔室与第四腔室之间的区域；断路器置于第三腔室中，并与第二测量线路通过第二导体连接。

Description

柱上组合电器
本申请要求申请日为2020年12月9日、申请号为202022924284.7，以及申请日为2020年12月9日、申请号为202011426715.5的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电力工程技术领域，例如涉及一种柱上开关设备。
背景技术
在相关技术中，柱上负荷开关、柱上断路器、柱上隔离开关等一般独立存在，且柱上负荷开关和断路器多采用真空灭弧室作为灭弧和隔离断口，这样由于真空灭弧室具有漏气的可能，不能作为安全隔离断口，给检修带来风险和麻烦；或采用SF 6气体承担绝缘及灭弧作用，不满足环保要求。而在实际应用中，对于检修人员需要触及的部件均需要通过隔离断口隔离其它非检修段的带电部分，并使检修部件接地。对于柱上真空开关设备往往通过在线路上另安装隔离开关来实现这种隔离，而检修部件的接地则由人工搭接接地线完成。这样另外安装的隔离开关使得在一个柱上既要安装柱上真空开关，又要安装隔离开关使得布置、接线繁杂，而且无法实现柱上真空开关与隔离开关的连锁，也不便于柱上狭小空间的带电检修。可以看出，现有柱上开关设备的外部集成，隔离开关环境适应性较差，且与互感器、避雷器等设备集成度不高，无法满足配电分布式自动化的使用要求。
发明内容
本申请提出了一种柱上开关设备，旨在解决现有柱上开关设备无法内部集成隔离开关，断口绝缘水平难以保证，且外部测量线路与内部导体对接误差较大的问题。
本申请提出了一种柱上开关设备，包括：
箱体；
两组套管，两组所述套管的部分结构分别插设于所述箱体的两侧，其中一组所述套管中穿设有第一测量线路，另外一组所述套管中穿设有第二测量线路；
绝缘本体，其置于所述箱体内，并将所述箱体内部分隔成第一腔室、第二腔室、第三腔室和第四腔室，且所述第一腔室中设置有第一导体，所述第一导体与所述第一测量线路对接；所述第二腔室中设置有第二导体，所述第二导体与所述第二测量线路对接；
隔离开关，其置于所述箱体内，且所述隔离开关静触头位于所述第一腔室内并与所述第一导体接触，所述隔离开关动触头位于所述第四腔室内，所述隔离开关的导电杆裸露于所述第一腔室与所述第四腔室之间的区域；
断路器，其置于所述第三腔室中，并与所述第二测量线路通过所述第二导体连接，用于投切线路正常电流或切断故障电流。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述隔离开关包括：隔离开关操动轴、隔离开关绝缘拉杆、隔离开关导电杆、隔离开关静触头和隔离开关动触头；其中，
所述隔离开关绝缘拉杆的一端与所述隔离开关操动轴相连接，另一端与所述隔离开关导电杆相连接，所述隔离开关操动轴通过驱动所述隔离开关绝缘拉杆操动带动所述隔离开关导电杆在所述隔离开关静触头与所述隔离开关动触头之间移动以实现所述隔离开关静触头与所述隔离开关动触头的导通与分断。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述隔离开关导电杆靠近所述隔离开关静触头的一端内嵌有导向块，所述隔离开关导电杆上靠近所述隔离开关动触头的一端设置有若干第一导向环，各所述第一导向环分布在所述隔离开关动触头的两侧，所述导向块与所述第一导向环相配合，用以使得所述隔离开关静触头和所述隔离开关动触头对中插设在所述隔离开关导电杆上。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述导向块的周向开设有若干通气孔，以避免所述箱体内的绝缘气体封闭。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述断路器包括：断路器操动轴、断路器绝缘拉杆和真空灭弧室；其中，
所述断路器绝缘拉杆的一端与所述真空灭弧室的动端相连，且所述断路器绝缘拉杆内部的弹簧靠近所述真空灭弧室设置；所述断路器绝缘拉杆的另一端与所述断路器操动轴相连接，所述断路器绝缘拉杆用于将所述断路器操动轴的合分闸能量传递给所述真空灭弧室，以控制所述断路器的合分闸操作；所述真空灭弧室的动端与所述第二测量线路相连接，将经过所述隔离开关静触头和所述隔离开关动触头导通的第一测量线路经所述真空灭弧室引出所述箱体。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述两组套管中均设置有导向机构，用以 对所述第一测量线路与所述第一导体的对接，以及所述第二测量线路与所述第二导体的对接起到导向作用。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述导向机构包括：导电管、导向套、第二导向环和表带触指结构；其中，
所述导电管的相对两端分别设置有第一插接腔和第二插接腔，所述第一测量线路插接于所述第一插接腔中；所述第一导体插接于所述第二插接腔中，并且，所述第一导体的第一端与所述导电管内壁之间套设有导向套；
所述第二导向环套设在所述第一导体上远离第一端的位置，所述第一导体上位于所述第二导向环与所述导向套之间的区域可滑动的套设有所述表带触指结构，所述导向套、所述第二导向环和所述表带触指结构相配合，以确保所述导电管与所述第一导体的可靠对接。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述表带触指结构由多个表带触指层叠设置而成，且各所述表带触指之间均设置有弹簧，用以限制各所述表带触指在所述第一导体上的位移。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述两组套管位于箱体外部的一侧均并联设置有避雷器和电压互感器。
可选地，上述柱上开关设备中，所述箱体内壁设置有阻燃结构。
本申请通过将隔离开关与断路器集成在整体框架结构的绝缘本体中，结构紧凑，减少了接线端子的数量，使得整个电器的接线变得较为简单，例如，隔离开关的导电杆裸露在绝缘本体外的空间，使得隔离开关断口为明显断开点，以保证绝缘可靠；并且不会因为内部绝缘气体状态变化、绝缘本体表面污秽、隔离开关操作产生的金属碎屑沉积于绝缘本体表面等引发该隔离开关断口间绝缘水平下降。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的柱上开关设备的外部结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的柱上开关设备的内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本申请的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本申请的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本申请而不应被 这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本申请，并且能够将本申请的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。参阅图1和图2，本申请实施例的柱上开关设备包括：箱体1、两组套管2、绝缘本体3、隔离开关4和断路器5；其中，两组所述套管2的部分结构分别插设于所述箱体1的两侧，其中一组所述套管2中穿设有第一测量线路6，另外一组所述套管2中穿设有第二测量线路7；绝缘本体3置于所述箱体1内，并将所述箱体1内部分隔成第一腔室、第二腔室、第三腔室和第四腔室，且所述第一腔室中设置有第一导体8，所述第一导体8与所述第一测量线路6对接；所述第二腔室中设置有第二导体9，所述第二导体9与所述第二测量线路7对接；隔离开关4置于所述箱体1内，且所述隔离开关4静触头位于所述第一腔室内并与所述第一导体8接触，所述隔离开关4动触头位于所述第四腔室内，所述隔离开关4的导电杆裸露于所述第一腔室与所述第四腔室之间的区域；断路器5置于所述第三腔室中，并与所述第二测量线路7通过所述第二导体9连接，用于投切线路中的正常电流或切断故障电流。
具体而言，箱体1可以为金属材质，箱体1具有阶梯型层状结构。箱体1内可以充入绝缘气体，例如干燥的空气等非温室效应气体，或者SF 6气体。
所述两组套管2位于箱体1外部的一侧均并联设置有避雷器23和电压互感器24，图中所示为三相独立结构，也可以为三相集成结构。避雷器可以有效保护第一测量线路6和第二测量线路7。电压互感器可为电子式电压传感器或电磁式电压互感器；通过电子式电压传感器采集电能信号，并通过第一测量线路6和第二测量线路7传输至FTU(配电开关监控终端)中的储能元件，可以在断电情况下驱动断路器动作(断电)。其中，储能元件可为储能电容或蓄电池。
所述箱体1内壁设置有阻燃结构。阻燃结构可以为由阻燃材料涂覆形成的阻燃层；也可以为由阻燃材料制成的阻燃板。箱体1内表面上设置阻燃结构，提高了整个开关设备的抗电弧能力。
套管2可以包括：绝缘外套和电压互感器(图中未示出)，电压互感器与第一测量线路6或第二测量线路7的外表面直接接触或电压互感器与第一测量线路6或第二测量线路7之间通过绝缘材料进行隔离，第一测量线路6、第二测量线路7、绝缘外套与电压互感器通过绝缘材料包覆固化成一体。两组套管2中均设置电压传感器，可以分别实时采集通过第一测量线路6和所述第二测量线路7 的电压数据。
所述两组套管2中位于所述第一测量线路6与第一导体8对接的部分均设置有屏蔽罩21，用以屏蔽电场。
绝缘本体3为由固体绝缘材料制成的框架结构，例如可以由环氧树脂材料制成。所述绝缘本体3的进出线上均设置有电流互感器31。绝缘本体3将箱体1内部分隔成四个腔室，第一腔室中敷设第一导体8，第一导体8靠近箱体1底部的一端与隔离开关4静触头相连；第二腔室与第二测量线路7正对设置，以穿设第二导体9。第三腔室中敷设断路器5。其中，第四腔室与第三腔室连通。
所述隔离开关4静触头与所述第一导体8相接触，以将所述第一测量线路6经所述断路器5引出所述箱体1外。隔离开关4的导电杆裸露于所述第一腔室与所述第四腔室之间的区域，使得隔离开关4断口为明显断开点，该隔离开关4断口的绝缘水平应大于第一测量线路6对地的绝缘水平，以保证断口绝缘可靠；并且不会因为内部绝缘气体状态变化、绝缘本体3表面污秽、隔离开关4操作产生的金属碎屑沉积于绝缘本体3表面等引发该隔离开关4断口间绝缘水平下降。
上述可以看出，本申请通过将隔离开关4与断路器5集成在整体框架结构的绝缘本体3中，结构紧凑，减少了接线端子的数量，使得整个电器的接线变得较为简单，例如，隔离开关的导电杆裸露在绝缘本体3外的空间，使得隔离开关4断口为明显断开点，以保证绝缘可靠；并且不会因为内部绝缘气体状态变化、绝缘本体3表面污秽、隔离开关4操作产生的金属碎屑沉积于绝缘本体3表面等引发该隔离开关4断口间绝缘水平下降。
继续参阅图2，所述隔离开关4包括：隔离开关操动轴41、隔离开关绝缘拉杆42、隔离开关导电杆43、隔离开关静触头44和隔离开关动触头45；其中，所述隔离开关绝缘拉杆42的一端与所述隔离开关操动轴41相连接，另一端与所述隔离开关导电杆43相连接，所述隔离开关操动轴41通过驱动所述隔离开关绝缘拉杆42操动带动所述隔离开关导电杆43在所述隔离开关静触头44与所述隔离开关动触头45之间移动以实现所述隔离开关静触头44与所述隔离开关动触头45的导通与分断。
具体而言，根据弹簧载流量、动热稳定试验要求，隔离开关静触头44和所述隔离开关动触头45均由间隔设置的多个弹簧线圈组成。例如均选用两个间隔设置的弹簧线圈组成，有利于增加通流能力。隔离导电杆可选为铜管，使得电 流从外层通过，节约用料，减轻重量，便于驱动。
为了保证隔离开关断口的长度，第一腔室靠近箱体1底部的一端自隔离开关导电杆43长度方向向外侧弯折延伸。
所述隔离开关绝缘操作杆与所述隔离开关导电杆43的连接处呈锥形面，且所述锥形面口径较大的一侧靠近所述隔离开关导电杆43设置。隔离开关绝缘操作杆相比于相关技术中的绝缘操作杆而言，减少了伞裙的设置，使得加工更方便，节省用料，水平向的绝缘性能更好。
隔离开关操动轴41上设置过缓冲簧结构(图中示出)，操作经一定角度后自动合闸，减小了操作力，便于现场人员操作。
实际操作时，操作人员对箱体1外部操作轴施加外力，以驱动隔离开关操作轴旋转，隔离开关操作轴的作旋转运动的同时会驱动隔离开关绝缘拉杆42的一端作曲线运动，隔离开关绝缘拉杆42的另一端带动隔离开关动触头45作直线运动，进而实现隔离开关静触头44与隔离开关动触头45的分合闸。
进一步的，所述隔离开关导电杆43靠近所述隔离开关静触头44的一端内嵌有导向块452，所述隔离开关导电杆43上靠近所述隔离开关动触头45的一端设置有若干第一导向环451，各所述第一导向环451分布在所述隔离开关动触头45的两侧，所述导向块452与所述第一导向环451相配合，用以使得所述隔离开关静触头44和所述隔离开关动触头45对中插设在所述隔离开关导电杆43上。
具体而言，隔离开关导电杆43的一端通过螺栓与第一导体8连接，导向块套设在隔离开关导电杆43内壁与螺栓的头部之间；隔离开关导电杆43的另一端通过螺栓与隔离开关绝缘拉杆42连接，隔离开关导电杆43外部套设两个第二导向环223，从而确保隔离开关静触头44和隔离开关动触头45同轴设置。
可选的，所述导向块的周向开设有若干通气孔(图中未示出)，该通气孔与隔离开关静触头44内的小空间连通，以避免所述隔离开关静触头44内的绝缘气体封闭。
继续参阅图2，所述断路器5包括：断路器操动轴51、断路器绝缘拉杆52和真空灭弧室53；其中，所述断路器绝缘拉杆52的一端与所述真空灭弧室53的动端相连，且所述断路器绝缘拉杆52内部的弹簧521靠近所述真空灭弧室53设置；所述断路器绝缘拉杆52的另一端与所述断路器操动轴51相连接，所述断路器绝缘拉杆52用于将所述断路器操动轴51的合分闸能量传递给所述真空灭弧室53，以控制所述断路器的合分闸操作；所述真空灭弧室53的动端与所述 第二测量线路7相连接，将经过所述隔离开关静触头44和所述隔离开关动触头45导通的第一测量线路6经所述真空灭弧室53引出所述箱体1。
具体而言，隔离开关动触头45通过连接导体11与真空灭弧室53连接。断路器绝缘拉杆52内的弹簧靠近灭弧室一侧，这样驱动质量小，出力特性好。
断路器绝缘拉杆52与真空灭弧室53的动端相连接的一端还设置有软连接，软连接通过螺栓与第二导体9连接。通过断路器绝缘拉杆52控制软连接的伸缩变化实现断路器在分闸与合闸时，保持与第二导体9的电连接。
断路器操动轴51密封于箱体1侧壁的壳体内，不受外界环境影响，环境适应性强，且通过机构设计，可以实现机械寿命期间免维护。
上述各实施例中，所述两组套管2中均设置有导向机构22，用以对所述第一测量线路6与所述第一导体8的对接，以及所述第二测量线路7与所述第二导体9的对接起到导向作用。
具体而言，所述导向机构22包括：导电管221、导向套222、第二导向环223和表带触指结构224；其中，所述导电管的相对两端分别设置有第一插接腔和第二插接腔，所述第一测量线路6插接于所述第一插接腔中；所述第一导体8插接于所述第二插接腔中，并且，所述第一导体8的第一端与所述导电管内壁之间套设有导向套；所述导向环套设在所述第一导体8上远离第一端的位置，所述第一导体8上位于所述第二导向环223与所述导向套之间的区域可滑动的套设有所述表带触指结构，所述导向套、所述第二导向环223和所述表带触指结构相配合，以确保所述导电管与所述第一导体8的可靠对接。其中：
第一插接腔与第二插接腔可以均为凹槽结构。第一测量线路6通过螺栓与第一插接腔固定。第一导体8的第一端部设置有凸台，所述导向套通过螺栓套接在所述凸台与所述导电管内壁之间。第一导体8上设置有与第二导向环223相匹配的环形槽，导向环的设置，可以防止导电管与第一导体8之间的摩擦。
表带触指结构表带触指结构可滑动的套设在第一导体8上位于导向环与导向套之间的区域，表带触指结构的设置，可以减少接触电阻，增大了通流能力，且可多次插拔，保证了导电管与第一导体8，导电管与第二导体9的准确对接。
进一步的，所述表带触指结构由多个表带触指层叠设置而成，且各所述表带触指之间均设置有弹簧225，用以限制各所述表带触指在所述第一导体8上的位移。位于最上层的所述表带触指与所述凸台的底部接触，位于最下层的表带触指与第一导体8上靠近第一导向环的部位接触。
参阅图2，外接测量线路通过其中一组套管2进入箱体1中，接入隔离开关静触头44，通过隔离开关导电杆43使两个隔离开关静触头44和隔离开关动触头45接触，隔离开关动触头45与真空灭弧室53的静端连接，外接测量线路经过真空灭弧室53和右侧套管引出箱体1。当整个电器需要分闸时，先通过断路器绝缘拉杆52带动真空灭弧室53分闸，从而在真空灭弧室53内将电弧熄灭，使电路分断；再通过隔离开关绝缘拉杆42带动隔离开关导电杆43分闸，从而使隔离开关4静触头与隔离开关动触头45电气分离。当整个电器需要合闸时，先由隔离开关操动轴41通过隔离开关绝缘拉杆42驱动隔离开关导电杆43合闸，从而接通隔离开关静触头44与隔离开关动触头45；再由断路器操动轴51通过断路器绝缘拉杆52驱动真空灭弧室53合闸，从而接通电路。
上述可以得出，本实施例中提供的柱上开关设备，通过将隔离开关与断路器集成在整体框架结构的绝缘本体中，结构紧凑，减少了接线端子的数量，使得整个电器的接线变得较为简单，例如，隔离开关的导电杆裸露在绝缘本体外的空间，使得隔离开关断口为明显断开点，以保证绝缘可靠；并且不会因为内部绝缘气体状态变化、绝缘本体表面污秽、隔离开关操作产生的金属碎屑沉积于绝缘本体表面等引发该隔离开关断口间绝缘水平下降；进一步，通过在两组套管中设置导向机构，确保准确测量电路与内部导体对接的同时，增加了通流能力。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种柱上开关设备，包括：
    箱体；
    两组套管，两组所述套管的部分结构分别插设于所述箱体的两侧，其中一组所述套管中穿设有第一测量线路，另外一组所述套管中穿设有第二测量线路；
    绝缘本体，其置于所述箱体内，并将所述箱体内部分隔成第一腔室、第二腔室、第三腔室和第四腔室，且所述第一腔室中设置有第一导体，所述第一导体与所述第一测量线路对接；所述第二腔室中设置有第二导体，所述第二导体与所述第二测量线路对接；
    隔离开关，其置于所述箱体内，且所述隔离开关静触头位于所述第一腔室内并与所述第一导体接触，所述隔离开关动触头位于所述第四腔室内，所述隔离开关的导电杆裸露于所述第一腔室与所述第四腔室之间的区域；
    断路器，其置于所述第三腔室中，并与所述第二测量线路通过所述第二导体连接，用于投切线路正常电流或切断故障电流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述隔离开关包括：隔离开关操动轴、隔离开关绝缘拉杆、隔离开关导电杆、隔离开关静触头和隔离开关动触头；其中，
    所述隔离开关绝缘拉杆的一端与所述隔离开关操动轴相连接，另一端与所述隔离开关导电杆相连接，所述隔离开关操动轴通过驱动所述隔离开关绝缘拉杆操动带动所述隔离开关导电杆在所述隔离开关静触头与所述隔离开关动触头之间移动以实现所述隔离开关静触头与所述隔离开关动触头的导通与分断。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述隔离开关导电杆靠近所述隔离开关静触头的一端内嵌有导向块，所述隔离开关导电杆上靠近所述隔离开关动触头的一端设置有若干第一导向环，各所述第一导向环分布在所述隔离开关动触头的两侧，所述导向块与所述第一导向环相配合，用以使得所述隔离开关静触头和所述隔离开关动触头对中插设在所述隔离开关导电杆上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述导向块的周向开设有若干通气孔，以避免所述箱体内的绝缘气体封闭。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述断路器包括：断路器操动轴、断路器绝缘拉杆和真空灭弧室；其中，
    所述断路器绝缘拉杆的一端与所述真空灭弧室的动端相连，且所述断路器绝缘拉杆内部的弹簧靠近所述真空灭弧室设置；所述断路器绝缘拉杆的另一端 与所述断路器操动轴相连接，所述断路器绝缘拉杆用于将所述断路器操动轴的合分闸能量传递给所述真空灭弧室，以控制所述断路器的合分闸操作；所述真空灭弧室的动端与所述第二测量线路相连接，将经过所述隔离开关静触头和所述隔离开关动触头导通的第一测量线路经所述真空灭弧室引出所述箱体。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述两组套管中均设置有导向机构，用以对所述第一测量线路与所述第一导体的对接，以及所述第二测量线路与所述第二导体的对接起到导向作用。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述导向机构包括：导电管、导向套、第二导向环和表带触指结构；其中，
    所述导电管的相对两端分别设置有第一插接腔和第二插接腔，所述第一测量线路插接于所述第一插接腔中；所述第一导体插接于所述第二插接腔中，并且，所述第一导体的第一端与所述导电管内壁之间套设有导向套；
    所述第二导向环套设在所述第一导体上远离第一端的位置，所述第一导体上位于所述第二导向环与所述导向套之间的区域可滑动的套设有所述表带触指结构，所述导向套、所述第二导向环和所述表带触指结构相配合，以确保所述导电管与所述第一导体的可靠对接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述表带触指结构由多个表带触指层叠设置而成，且各所述表带触指之间均设置有弹簧，用以限制各所述表带触指在所述第一导体上的位移。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述两组套管位于箱体外部的一侧均并联设置有避雷器和电压互感器。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的柱上开关设备，其中，所述箱体内壁设置有阻燃结构。
PCT/CN2020/135558 2020-12-09 2020-12-11 柱上组合电器 WO2022120775A1 (zh)

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