WO2017157287A1 - Oxygen generation system and electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

An oxygen generation system comprises a temperature swing adsorption oxygen generation device (7); the temperature swing adsorption oxygen generation device comprises a heating system (42), a cooling system (43), an air chamber (14) and an absorption chamber (15); the absorption chamber (15) has an absorption structure (18); the absorption structure (18) comprises an absorption material (19), a heating pipe (20) connected with the heating system (42), a cooling pipe (21) connected with the cooling system (43), and a heat-conducting fin (22) respectively connected to the heating pipe (20) and the cooling pipe (21); the absorption material (19) surrounds the heat-conducting fin (22). An electric car comprises the oxygen generation system.

Description

 Title of Invention: Oxygen System and Electric Vehicle

 Technical field

 [0001] The present invention relates to the field of air separation and energy drive technologies, and in particular, to an oxygen generation system and an electric vehicle

Background technique

 [0002] With the depletion of fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal, and causing serious environmental problems such as gasification changes and haze, low-carbon technologies, renewable energy, biomass energy utilization, and hydrogen energy development are all clean energy technologies. Today's hot research technologies, biomass energy conversion and utilization technologies are mainly divided into biomass conversion, which can be divided into physical methods, thermochemical conversion methods, and biotransformation methods. The advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, technological development bottlenecks, etc. A lot of descriptions.

 [0003] At present, there are many researches on new energy vehicles. There are three main technical routes: First, the power battery plus electric drive system, the pure electric vehicle technology for charging the battery life, but the power battery is expensive, heavy, and the safety performance needs to be solved. Long time, short cruising range, complex power charging and charging pile construction problems (such as the development of existing electric heavy trucks, the most representative models have a battery weight of more than ten tons, and the cruising range is barely hundreds of kilometers for long-distance transportation. It is almost meaningless. Second, hydrogen energy vehicles, the most notable of which is fuel cell vehicle technology, including high-efficiency high-temperature electrolytic cells; but currently all hydrogen energy technologies involve hydrogen production, conversion, storage, and transportation. There are many technical bottlenecks in various links, such as the construction of hydrogen refueling stations; and the fuel cells are still under development, and the prices are more expensive, and the prospects for the development are not completely determined; the third is biomass alternative fuel vehicles, but biomass There are many materials conversion links, low output, and there is a problem with the rations, which is not economical. Some of biomass ethanol, biodiesel and even more expensive than gasoline; various technical paths are many problems yet to find an ideal solution for the development and promotion is very big limitation.

 [0004] Several background technologies that have some relevance to this application are:

[0005] There have been researches on Stirling hybrid electric vehicles. For example, in 1968, General Motors of the United States launched the Stirling hybrid electric vehicle for sale, and the Sterling machine used to generate electricity, and the resulting electric power was connected to the drive motor as a vehicle. Power, but the fuel used is still gasoline, diesel, and there is no light vehicle oxygen generator or pure oxygen oxyfuel Burning technology.

 [0006] Wood-burning engine or generator technology, during the Second World War, there were a large number of cars, motorcycles, and tank engines fueled by firewood, coal, and charcoal, mainly to pyrolyze and crack biomass materials such as wood. Gasification, the formation of gas such as wood gas, and then cooled, purified, compressed and sent to a special engine for combustion, this technology is gradually eliminated after the development of the petroleum industry due to unstable power output, large tail gas pollution, and long startup time. With the rise in oil prices and the depletion of oil and gas resources, some inventors are now researching and improving this technology. It is worth noting that as the oxygen-enriched technology of biomass gasification technology, the optimal use of about 90% pure oxygen can increase the calorific value of the produced material gas to the same medium heat value as that of city gas, but it needs to be added. Expensive oxygen-making equipment, generally pressure swing adsorption oxygen, high energy consumption, heavy equipment, difficult to move on the car, that is, miniaturization until the car. There is also oxygen-enriched continuous gasification technology for coal. The product is semi-water gas, but it also needs to be equipped with expensive and high-energy oxygen-making equipment. Nowadays, there are many pressure-pressure adsorption oxygen-making equipments, and there are also deep-cooling air separation systems. Oxygen is stored in a high-pressure oxygen cylinder or a dewar to supply oxygen. These are not economical.

 [0007] Although temperature-adsorption adsorption is relatively rare, its development technology is also progressing rapidly. For example, Chinese patent CN2 01110021156.4 discloses a method of combined temperature-adsorption adsorption of oxygen and nitrogen, in addition to the common gas compression and then The treatment system removes solid impurities such as oil and dust and then enters the separation system after reaching the allowable requirement. The pressure swing adsorption based on the kinetic separation mechanism of the carbon molecular sieve (CMS) can continuously extract nitrogen from the air, revealing that the adsorbent is one. Modified rare earth X zeolite, which adsorbs oxygen below ≤100 and releases oxygen at ≥300 °C; and the adsorbent is a perovskite ceramic oxide mixture, which starts to adsorb oxygen at 300~600 °C, and Oxygen is released at a temperature above 400~600 °C; the technology uses the engine waste heat as a heat source, the air is a cooling gas, and the adsorbent is heated and cooled alternately and combined with pressure swing adsorption technology to obtain more than 90% pure oxygen; Many similar technologies; but these technologies are not easy to break up because the adsorbent has a large specific heat capacity, a slow temperature change, and low strength of the adsorbent material. Line corresponding improvement, temperature and oxygen which becomes slow, small oxygen production, it is difficult to accurately control the temperature, and the adsorption material is hard to resist frequent abrupt temperature change and the stress generated damaged car more difficult.

 technical problem

 [0008] Type a paragraph describing the technical problem here.

Problem solution Technical solution

 The present application provides an oxygen generation system incorporating temperature swing adsorption, an economical and environmentally friendly oxygen generation system and an electric vehicle using the same.

 [0010] In a first aspect, an embodiment provides an oxygen generation system, including a temperature swing adsorption oxygen generation device, wherein the temperature change adsorption oxygen generation device is provided with a heating system, a cooling system, and at least one air chamber, and the air chamber is equipped with at least An adsorption chamber equipped with a combination structure of adsorption materials, the two ends of the adsorption chamber are respectively provided with a closable air chamber valve and an adsorption chamber valve, the air chamber valve is used for conducting with the air chamber, and the adsorption chamber valve is for discharging oxygen; The adsorption material combination structure comprises an adsorption material, a heating tube, a cooling tube and a heat exchange sheet, the heating tube, the cooling tube and the heat exchange sheet are all made of a heat conductive material, the heat exchange sheet is connected with the heating tube and the cooling tube, and the adsorption material surrounds the heat exchange. The sheet is arranged; the heating system is connected to the heating pipe and connected to the heat conducting device, and the cooling system is connected to the cooling pipe.

 [0011] Further, the adsorbent material assembly structure further comprises a frame of a mesh structure, the frame and the heating tube, the cooling tube and the heat exchanger form a rigid frame for fixing the adsorbent material, and the adsorbent material is formed around the rigid frame.

 [0012] Further, the oxygen generation system is provided with a temperature difference power generation chip which is also used as an electronic refrigeration sheet at a position with a temperature difference, and the electronic refrigeration sheet and the thermoelectric power generation sheet are provided with a circuit for switching operation and collecting electric energy.

 [0013] Further, the heating system comprises a driving pump, a heat carrier main storage tank and at least one heat carrier auxiliary tank, and the heat carrier main storage tank forms a circulation loop through the pipeline and the driving pump and the heating pipe, and the heat carrier auxiliary tank passes the pipeline and the heat The main storage tanks are connected in parallel, and the driving pump drives the heat carrier main storage tank and the heat carrier in the heat carrier auxiliary tank to circulate, the temperature of the heat carrier in the heat carrier auxiliary tank is lower than the temperature of the heat carrier in the main tank of the heat carrier, and a plurality of The temperature of the heat carrier in the heat carrier auxiliary tank is gradually reduced; the heat carrier main storage tank and the heat carrier auxiliary tank circulation circuit are respectively provided with a control shut-off valve; the cooling system comprises a driving pump, a cold carrier main storage tank and at least one cold carrier auxiliary tank The cold carrier main storage tank forms a circulation loop through the pipeline and the driving pump and the cooling tube, and the cold carrier auxiliary tank is connected in parallel with the cold carrier main storage tank through the pipeline, and the driving pump drives the cold carrier main storage tank and the cold carrier in the cold carrier auxiliary tank. Circulating flow, the temperature of the cold carrier in the cold carrier auxiliary tank is higher than the temperature of the cold carrier in the main tank of the cold carrier, and the plurality of cold carriers Cold tank temperature co-carrier is increased stepwise; cold carrier main reservoir and the auxiliary tank cold carrier cycle are respectively provided with the control valve closed Jian.

[0014] Further, a heat exchange system is further included, and the heat exchange system is respectively connected to the heat carrier main storage tank, the heat carrier auxiliary tank, the cold carrier main storage tank and the cold carrier auxiliary tank, and the heat exchange system is also connected to the adsorption chamber, Will The waste heat energy of the adsorption chamber is recycled.

 [0015] Further, the adsorption chamber is a heat insulation container, and the heat insulation container has at least two weights, and the innermost heat insulation container is accommodated in the heat insulation container 2, the heat insulation container and the heat insulation There are adsorbent 1 and adsorbent 2 in the heat preservation container 2 respectively, and the adsorption temperature gradient of the adsorbent 1 and the adsorbent 2 is lowered, and the cooling temperature of the adsorbent 1 is not lower than the heating temperature of the adsorbent 2, and the heat insulating container is The thermal insulation container 2 is synchronously pressurized or depressurized.

 [0016] Further, the oxygen system further includes an oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator, the oxygen system further includes an oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator, and the output end of the air chamber outputs the pre-treated air to the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator through the pipeline. The output end of the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator is supplied with oxygen through the pipeline to the adsorption chamber, and a control valve is arranged between the two pipelines.

 [0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment provides an electric vehicle, including an onboard generator system, a battery adjustment system, and an electric drive system, and further includes the above oxygen system, and an oxygen output end of the oxygen generation system outputs oxygen. To the onboard generator system.

 [0018] Further, the onboard generator system includes a fuel pretreatment device, a combustion device, a Stirling machine, a generator, an exhaust gas treatment system, and a cooling device, and a fuel output end of the fuel pretreatment device is connected to the combustion device, and the fuel pretreatment The device outputs fuel to the combustion device, and the heat output end of the combustion device outputs thermal energy to the Stirling machine, and the power output of the Stirling machine outputs mechanical energy to the output of the generator and the generator; the exhaust of the Stirling machine The output end is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system, and the heat absorption end of the cooling device is connected with the cold end of the Stirling machine for cooling the Stirling machine; the heat conducting device is further included, and the heat conducting device is connected with the hot end of the Stirling machine, the heat conducting device The heat release end is connected to the oxygen system, and the heat transfer device is used to transfer the heat energy of the exhaust gas treatment system and the cooling device to the oxygen system; the oxygen output end of the oxygen system outputs oxygen to the combustion device.

[0019] Further, the fuel pretreatment device pulverizes, dries, and pre-extrudes the fuel, and performs desulfurization and denitrification and environmental pretreatment, and the additive is surface-mounted in the fuel; the nitrogen and hydrogen-oxygen generator of the oxygen-making system are obtained. The hydrogen is purified and then input into the Stirling machine through a reserved high pressure pump to supplement the leaking working fluid; the exhaust gas treatment system is connected to the fuel pretreatment device through a heat transfer device, and the heat transfer device transfers the heat energy of the exhaust gas treatment system. To the fuel pretreatment device for drying the fuel; the exhaust gas treatment system is provided with an exhaust gas treatment device, a waste heat collection device, a dust removal device, an ash collection device and a packing device, and the exhaust gas treatment device is used for controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas and fully mixing with the ash, and desulfurization and denitrification ; exhaust gas treatment system through heat transfer device Connected to a fuel pretreatment device, the heat transfer device delivers thermal energy from the exhaust gas treatment system to the fuel pretreatment device; the fuel delivery device, the combustion device, and the exhaust gas treatment system form a combination of a skid-mounted and menu-like structure.

[0020] Further, the onboard generator system includes a gasification system, a cooling purification system, and a generator system, and the gasification system includes a fuel pretreatment system, a transportation system, a gasification furnace or a reaction kettle, and a delivery pipeline, wherein The oxygen-making system is connected to the gasification system through a heat-conducting device, and the heat-conducting device transmits the heat energy of the high-temperature intermediate product of the gasification system to the oxygen-making system, and the oxygen output end of the oxygen-making system outputs oxygen to the generator, and the output end of the gasification system The output gas is cooled, filtered, purified, and compressed and sent to the generator set for power generation.

 Advantageous effects of the invention

 Beneficial effect

 [0021] According to the oxygen generation system and the electric vehicle of the above embodiment, the heat source of the oxygen generation system can be derived from the exhaust gas treatment system and the cooling device of the automobile, etc., thereby improving the utilization rate of the thermal energy, realizing the energy conversion and utilization, and the oxygen generation system. The produced oxygen is sent to the combustion device for combustion, which can assist the on-board power generation system; the electric vehicle with the oxygen system can solve the difficult problem that non-petroleum fuel is difficult to clean and burn using pure oxygen oxyfuel combustion technology, and can use various kinds. The heat generated by fuel, such as biomass, is utilized by the oxygen system. Therefore, the oxygen system and the electric vehicle have the advantages of economical energy saving and environmental protection.

 Brief description of the drawing

 DRAWINGS

 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an on-board generator system in an embodiment;

2 is a schematic diagram of an onboard generator system in an embodiment; [0023] FIG.

3 is a schematic structural view of an adsorption chamber and an air chamber in an embodiment; [0024] FIG.

4 is a schematic structural view of a composite structure of adsorbent materials in an embodiment; [0025] FIG.

Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a secondary heating circuit in a heating system in one embodiment;

6 is a schematic view of a secondary cooling circuit in a cooling system in an embodiment; [0027] FIG.

[0028] FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a multi-layer heat insulating container in an embodiment;

8 is a structural block diagram of an onboard power generation system in another embodiment;

9 is a structural block diagram of an oxygen generation system in an embodiment. [0031] In the drawings: 1, fuel pretreatment device; 2, combustion device; 3, Stirling machine; 4, generator; 5, exhaust gas treatment system; 6, cooling device; 7, oxygen system; Fuel delivery device; 9, transmission cable; 10, oxygen delivery pipe; 11, exhaust gas delivery pipe; 12, heat conduction device; 13, electrical equipment; 14, air chamber; 15, adsorption chamber; 16, air chamber valve; Adsorption chamber valve; 18, adsorption material combination structure; 19, adsorption material; 20, heating tube; 21, cooling tube; 22, heat exchange sheet; 23, driving pump; 2 4, heat carrier main storage tank; Auxiliary tank; 26, heating control shut-off valve; 27, drive pump; 28, cold carrier main storage tank; 39, cold carrier auxiliary tank; 30, cooling control shut-off valve; 31, thermal insulation container one; Thermal insulation container 2; 33, thermal insulation container three; 34, adsorbent one; 35, adsorbent two, 36, adsorbent three; 37, internal combustion engine; 38, pure oxygen combustion chamber; 39, hydrogen combustion chamber; Superheater; 41: oxyhydrogen 42; heating system; 43: cooling system; 44: variable temperature adsorption oxygen generator; 45: oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator.

 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0032] The paragraphs describing the best mode of the invention are entered here.

Embodiments of the invention

 [0033] In the embodiment of the present invention, a pure oxygen combustion or oxygen-enriched combustion, pure oxygen rich oxygenation technology can be used to reduce or control exhaust gas pollution, combined with tail gas waste heat utilization, variable temperature adsorption oxygen generation and portable oxygen generators, etc. Oxygen technology achieves high-purity oxygen to change combustion and utilization conditions and improve energy efficiency. Some of the renewable materials, such as firewood, orange stalks, animal and vegetable oils, and various biomass materials, or coal, heavy oil, etc., are currently difficult to directly use. Fuels of extremely high origin are directly converted into electricity, hydrogen energy or further converted to other prime mover (engine) systems that can be directly utilized by means of light external combustion engines or pure oxygenation systems compatible with various fuels, especially Miniaturized, lightweight, on-board, on-board biomass generators or on-board power generation systems that can be used in vehicles such as automobiles and airships, and new vehicles, airships, and other vehicles or systems that use such power source systems , making biomass energy and so on become primary energy and no longer undergo multiple transformations New type of vehicle power; it can be further used as a generator set for heat, electricity and cooling.

[0034] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly adopts such a technical solution: The most important improvement measure is The selected and improved generator system (typically based on an external combustion engine such as a Stirling engine) is equipped with a portable oxygen supply device. The oxygen generation technology preferably uses the exhaust gas and the cooler waste heat temperature adsorption oxygen generation technology, and is aimed at adsorption. The agent has a large specific heat capacity, a slow temperature change rate, a low material strength, a large temperature change, and a large amount of corresponding changes in the design, so that high purity oxygen can be obtained and pure oxygen oxyfuel combustion technology can be used to control pollution and improve energy efficiency. Lin generators, thermoelectric generators and other power generation systems compatible with various fuels directly generate electricity, so that the electric power can be directly used to drive electric vehicle electric drive systems. It is also possible to install a hydrogen-oxygen generator (including the use of a solar electrolysis water system, etc.), electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and the obtained pure oxygen is connected to the combustion chamber to assist combustion; the obtained hydrogen is separately connected to the air to generate fuel cells or Other hydrogens use equipment to provide power, so cycled, equivalent to the direct conversion of energy sources such as firewood into directly usable energy; the preferred Stirling generator system (external combustion engine) for generator systems is improved, of course Limited to Stirling machines, such as steam engines (micro steam turbines), thermoelectric generators (sheets), pressure generating materials and even some internal combustion engine power generation systems, can convert thermal energy into electrical energy, each with its own advantages under improved conditions.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides an on-board generator system for an electric vehicle, wherein the on-board power generation system is a pure oxygen-rich oxygen-burning prime mover system, and the on-board power generation system mainly includes a fuel pretreatment device 1 , a combustion device 2 , and an external combustion system . The machine 3, the generator 4, the exhaust gas treatment system 5, the cooling device 6, and the oxygen generation system 7. Also included are a fuel delivery device 8, a transmission cable 9, an oxygen delivery tube 10, an exhaust gas delivery tube 11, and a heat transfer device 12 for connection. The fuel output end of the fuel pretreatment device 1 is connected to the combustion device 2 via a fuel delivery device 8, and the fuel delivery device 8 delivers the fuel pretreated by the fuel pretreatment device 1 to the combustion device 2 for combustion, and the thermal energy output end of the combustion device 2 The heat energy is transmitted to the Stirling machine 3 through the pipeline, the power output end of the Stirling machine 3 outputs mechanical energy to the generator 4, and the generator 4 is driven to generate electricity, and the output end of the generator 4 delivers electric energy through the transmission cable 9. In the electrical device 13, the electrical device 13 is connected to an electric drive system or a rechargeable battery. The exhaust gas output end of the Stirling machine 3 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system 5, and the exhaust gas is sent to the exhaust gas treatment system 5 for recovery processing through the exhaust gas delivery pipe 11, and the heat absorption end of the cooling device 6 is connected to the external combustion engine 3; 7 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system ₅ and the cooling device 6 respectively through the heat conduction device 12, and the heat absorption end of the heat conduction device 12 is respectively connected with the exhaust gas treatment system 5 and the cold removal device 6, and the heat release end of the heat conduction device 12 is connected with the oxygen generation system 7 The heat conducting device 12 transfers the thermal energy of the exhaust gas treatment system 5 and the cooling device 6 to the oxygen generating system 7 for adsorption and oxygen generation; the oxygen output end of the oxygen generating system 7 delivers the produced oxygen to the combustion device 2 through the oxygen delivery pipe 10. combustion. [0036] In order to improve the efficiency and utilization rate, the nitrogen output end of the oxygen generating system 7 outputs nitrogen gas and purifies the working fluid after being purified to meet the requirement and then delivered to the external combustion engine 3 (Stirling machine) by the reserved high pressure pump. (If the Stirling machine is nitrogen). The hydrogen output of the hydrogen-oxygen generator outputs a part of the hydrogen gas and purifies it to the required working condition after the high-pressure pump is reserved to the internal working fluid to supplement the leakage (if the Stirling machine working fluid is hydrogen). The exhaust gas treatment system 5 is connected to the fuel pretreatment device 1 via a heat transfer device 12 that delivers the thermal energy of the exhaust gas treatment system 5 to the dry fuel in the fuel pretreatment device 1.

 [0037] The exhaust gas treatment system 5 is provided with an exhaust gas treatment device, a waste heat collection device, a dust removal device, an ash collection device and a packing device, and the exhaust gas treatment device is used for controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas and fully mixing with the ash, and desulfurizing and denitrating, and the waste heat collecting device is used. The waste heat is transferred to the other device system through the heat transfer device 12, and the dust removal device, the ash collecting device, and the packing device are used to remove the residue in the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas discharged has no pollutants.

 [0038] The fuel delivery device 1, the combustion device 2, and the exhaust gas treatment system 5 constitute a combination of a skid-mounted and menu-like structure, thereby making the structure of the entire system more compact and easier to install on a car.

[0039] The specific working principle of the onboard power generation system is shown in FIG. 2. The fuel is first processed by the fuel pretreatment device 1, and is mainly pulverized and bonded into a small-sized and easy-to-burn shape, and a part of the reagent is used, for example, calcium. The base-sulfur technology is miserable into quicklime or lime water and urea to remove nitrogen oxides. The preheating drying process is added to the water, and the exhaust gas can be used as the heat source gas. This process can also be completed in advance in a special factory. The easily spoiled biomass materials such as firewood and orange stalks are preliminarily immersed in lime water and urea solution, which is beneficial to preservation and preservation, and also facilitates the removal of sulfides in the exhaust gas by calcium-based sulfur fixation, and the formation of ammonia gas by urea to remove nitrogen oxides; Pre-extruded to form a shape that maximizes its density and bulk density and is good for combustion, such as a slender strip like a chopstick, a slender square with a hole, and is supplied as a finished product, in which urea is easily decomposed. The additive may be surface-wrapped (for example, wrapped in waterproof paper or plastic film) in the shape of particles, and then embedded in the molding fuel. In order to prevent it from decomposing during storage and transportation, the combustion does not affect the normal use of the fuel; the fuel passes through the fuel pretreatment device 1 and is sent to the pure oxygen combustion chamber of the combustion device 2 through the fuel delivery device 8 with pure oxygen or sufficient The oxygen is mixed and burned to generate high heat, and the combustion chamber is connected to the heater of the Stirling engine 3 (also called the hot chamber) to drive the Stirling engine to run, and the generator 4 is driven to generate electricity, and some or all of the electric energy can be directly output. (such as access to adjust the battery or directly drive the car electric drive system), or some of the electric energy can be connected to the hydrogen-oxygen generator via the transmission cable 9 to make it electrolyzed. The water produces hydrogen and pure oxygen. After separation by the hydrogen-oxygen separator in the system, the hydrogen is separately connected to the hydrogen energy utilization equipment (hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen engine, hydrogen burner or hydrogen balloon on the airship, etc.) through the hydrogen gas transfer pipe; Pure oxygen is connected to the combustor of the pure oxygen combustion system through the oxygen delivery pipe to form a circulation; pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is supplemented by the auxiliary oxygen supply system; the exhaust gas and ash generated by the pure oxygen combustion chamber pass through the exhaust gas delivery pipe 11 It is sent to the exhaust gas treatment system 5, in order to prevent the high temperature generated by the pure oxygen combustion, the originally formed calcium sulfite or calcium sulfate is decomposed again to produce sulfur oxides, and the exhaust gas temperature is controlled in the tail gas treatment system 5 to decompose the calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate. Below the temperature, above the synthesis temperature, and mixing with the ash as much as possible, so as to remove sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide, and further adopt other purification technologies such as tail gas desulfurization and off-selling technology, and also design waste heat utilization, dust removal, ash collection and even packaging. , including anti-separation, clear structure, exhaust bag dust removal, etc. It can be easily "moved in the car"; in addition, the cooler 6 (cold chamber) of the Stirling engine is connected to the cooling device 6, which can be air-cooled or water-cooled to supply hot water, ie, cogeneration. Improve energy efficiency.

 [0040] In order to adapt to the extensiveness and diversity of fuel sources, the fuel delivery device and the combustion system are respectively designed to adapt to the design of fuel, gasoline, diesel, and fuel for palm oil, soybean oil, animal and vegetable oils. There are also structural designs for the fuel, such as sucrose, coal, and biomass pellets, and the design of the treatment equipment for ash, such as ash, fly ash, etc., is modified; many transportation, combustion, and treatment facilities that accommodate various fuels can exist simultaneously. It can also be used as a skid-mounted, menu-style combination.

 [0041] In the prior art, an auxiliary oxygen supply system for providing high-purity oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is provided. If the oxygen generator is directly supplied with oxygen, the existing oxygen generator has large power consumption, large volume, and large weight, and cannot be directly utilized. The auxiliary oxygen supply system can use the pumping equipment to extract air to supplement the oxygen deficiency; it can also be equipped with a high pressure oxygen cylinder and a liquid oxygen dewar to supply oxygen; however, these technologies produce a small amount of oxygen, which is high in energy consumption and complicated in operation. It is not economical and difficult to apply to vehicles. It is more feasible to use membrane separation technology to supplement air into oxygen-rich gas, because membrane separation technology, ie, oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator, consumes less energy, is cheaper, is lighter, and is smaller. Although the obtained oxygen concentration is low (about 30%), if the fuel is preferably processed (for example, using industrial palm oil, industrial soybean oil, industrial sucrose, etc., or biomass powder, finely washed coal powder, etc.) is enough Oxygen-enriched combustion requires pollution control, energy efficiency improvement, especially weight reduction, and comprehensive economic considerations; these are prior art It can be realized by simple design, and will not be described here.

[0042] The present application provides the following solutions: the use of thermal energy, especially combined with exhaust gas waste heat, cooler residual heat and temperature change adsorption The technical design system is composed to provide high concentration of oxygen. In view of the fact that 70% of the energy of the onboard engine system is emitted in the exhaust gas in the form of waste heat, the present invention surrounds the heat of the cooler of the exhaust gas and the Stirling machine as a heat source, and selects the adsorbent according to different temperatures. The oxygen and nitrogen temperature change adsorption process are designed separately, and the electronic refrigeration chip and the thermoelectric power generation chip are used to accelerate the temperature change speed and recycle part of the energy, and the specific heat capacity of the adsorbent material is large, the temperature change speed is slow, and the temperature difference changes to cause a large stress change. Structural design. The oxygen system 7 is specifically as follows:

 [0043] This embodiment improves an oxygen generation system. As shown in FIG. 9, the oxygen generation system 7 includes a temperature swing adsorption oxygen generation device 44 and an oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generation device 45, and the temperature-temperature adsorption oxygen generation device 44 is provided with heating. System 42, cooling system 43 and air chamber (or pretreatment chamber) 14, the adsorption chamber 15 may be provided one or more, as described in Fig. 3, equipped with at least one adsorption chamber 15 equipped with an adsorbent material combination structure 18, configured The plurality of adsorption chambers 15 can increase oxygen production efficiency. The two ends of the adsorption chamber 15 are respectively provided with a closable air chamber valve 16 and an adsorption chamber valve 17, and the air chamber valve 16 is for conducting electricity with the air chamber 14, and the adsorption chamber valve 17 is for discharging oxygen. The adsorption chamber 15 has an adsorption material combination structure for temperature-adsorption adsorption and oxygen generation. The oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator 45 is the same in the prior art, and the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator can compensate for the insufficient oxygen production of the temperature-adsorption adsorption oxygen generator, and ensure that the combustion device has sufficient oxygen supply. Specifically, the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator 45, the output end of the air chamber 14 outputs the pre-treated air to the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator 45 through the pipeline, and the output end of the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator 45 outputs oxygen through the pipeline to In the adsorption chamber 15, a control valve is arranged between the two pipes.

 As shown in FIG. 4, the adsorbent material assembly structure 18 includes an adsorbent material 19, a heating tube 20, a cooling tube 21, and a heat exchange sheet 22, and the heating tube 20, the cooling tube 21, and the heat exchange sheet 22 are all made of a heat conductive material. The heat exchange sheet 22 is connected to the heating tube 20 and the cooling tube 21, and the adsorbent material 19 is disposed around the heat exchange sheet 22; the heating system is connected to the heating tube 20 and connected to the heat transfer device 12, thereby the exhaust gas treatment system 5 and the cooling device 6 The thermal energy inside is transferred to the heating system, and the cooling system is connected to the cooling pipe 21.

 [0045] In order to resist the excessive stress caused by the rapid change of the temperature of the crucible and the crucible, the crack may even cause the destruction of the adsorbent material 19, and the stability of the adsorbent material 19 is improved. The adsorbent material combination structure further includes a frame of the mesh structure, the frame and the heating tube 20 The cooling tube 21 and the heat exchange sheet 22 form a rigid frame for fixing the adsorbent material 19.

[0046] The heating pipe 20 is provided with a heat sink, and an electronic refrigeration chip and a thermoelectric power generation chip, an electronic refrigeration chip and a thermoelectric power generation chip are attached on the cooling end surfaces of the heating pipe 20, the cooling pipe 21, the heat sink and the cooling device 6. There are circuits for switching work and collecting electric energy, and electronic cooling fins and thermoelectric power chips can be used to generate electricity and power Transfer to a powered device or a storage device.

 As shown in FIG. 5, the heating system 42 includes a drive pump 23, a heat carrier main storage tank 24, and a heat carrier auxiliary tank 25. The heat carrier auxiliary tank 25 may be a plurality of, a plurality of heat carrier auxiliary tanks 25 and a heat carrier. The main storage tanks 24 are connected in parallel to form a multi-stage gradual cooling, which can effectively prevent the sudden rise and fall of the temperature in the heating pipe 20, and can improve the service life of the heating pipe 20. The heat carrier auxiliary tank 25 and the heat carrier main storage tank 24 are connected to the heat transfer unit 12, respectively. The heat carrier main storage tank 24 forms a circulation loop with the drive pump 23 and the heating pipe 20 through a pipe, and the heat carrier auxiliary tank 25 is connected in parallel with the heat carrier main storage tank 24 through a pipe, and the drive pump 23 drives the heat carrier main storage tank 24 and the heat carrier. The heat carrier in the auxiliary tank 25 is circulated, the temperature of the heat carrier in the heat carrier auxiliary tank 25 is lower than the temperature of the heat carrier in the heat carrier main tank 24, and the temperature of the heat carrier in the plurality of heat carrier auxiliary tanks 25 is gradually lowered to form Gradually warm up. The heat carrier main storage tank 24 and the heat carrier auxiliary tank 25 are respectively provided with a heating control shut-off valve 2 6, and the heat carrier is a heat-conducting oil or a heat-conductive molten salt.

 As shown in FIG. 6, the cooling system 43 is similar to the heating system. The cooling system 43 includes a driving pump 27, a cold carrier main storage tank 28, and a cold carrier auxiliary tank 29, and the cold carrier auxiliary tank 29 can also be provided in plurality. Forming a multi-stage layer-by-layer cooling, the cold carrier main storage tank 28 forms a circulation loop through the pipeline with the drive pump 27 and the cooling pipe 21, and the cold carrier auxiliary tank 29 is connected in parallel with the cold carrier main storage tank 28 through the pipeline, and the drive pump 27 drives the cold carrier main The cold carrier in the storage tank 28 and the cold carrier auxiliary tank 29 is circulated, the temperature of the cold carrier in the cold carrier auxiliary tank 29 is higher than the temperature of the cold carrier in the cold carrier main storage tank 28, and the plurality of cold carrier auxiliary tanks 29 are The temperature of the cold carrier is gradually increased to form a gradual cooling; the cold carrier main storage tank 28 and the cold carrier auxiliary tank 29 are respectively provided with a shut-off valve 31. The cold carrier is water, oil or gas. The oxygen generation system further includes a heat exchange system, a heat carrier main storage tank 24, a heat carrier auxiliary tank 25, a cold carrier main storage tank 28, and a cold carrier auxiliary tank 29 connected to the heat exchange system, and the heat exchange system exchanges heat with various heat sources. One of the heat sources also includes the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the oxygen system, and is respectively sent to the corresponding heat exchange system according to the temperature. The heat exchange system is also connected to the adsorption chamber 15, and the heat energy of the exhaust gas discharged from the adsorption chamber 15 is supplied to the oxygen system through the heat exchange system to generate oxygen, thereby forming an internal energy recycling of the oxygen production system.

 [0049] The heat carrier may preferably be the same heat carrier for heat conduction and cooling, such as a low viscosity silicone oil, thereby combining the cooling pipe with the heating pipe to simplify the device composition.

[0050] Since less heat energy should be repeated and reused; therefore, different types of adsorbent combination structures of a plurality of temperature ladders are provided. As shown in FIG. 7, the adsorption chamber is a heat insulating container, so that a multi-layer adsorption chamber is provided. Middlemost The heat insulating container 31 is housed in the heat insulating and insulating container 2, 32, and the heat insulating container 2 including the heat insulating container 31 is housed in the heat insulating container 33, the heat insulating container 31, the heat insulating container two 32 and the heat insulating container three 33 respectively have adsorbent 34, adsorbent two 35 and adsorbent three 3 6, and adsorbent 34, adsorbent two 35 and adsorbent three 36 The adsorption temperature is sequentially lowered, and the heat insulating container 31, the heat insulating container 2 and the heat insulating container 33 are synchronously pressurized or depressurized, thereby reducing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside, so that the inner container can be set to a non-pressure resistance. The container reduces the total weight of the container. The present invention exemplifies a three-layer thermal insulation container. In other embodiments, more layers of thermal insulation containers can be provided to make full use of thermal energy to produce more oxygen and nitrogen.

 [0051] For example, the above-mentioned "carbon molecular sieve (CMS) based on the kinetic separation mechanism of pressure swing adsorption can continuously extract nitrogen from the air, revealing that the oxygen adsorbent is a modified rare earth X-type zeolite, below ≤100 Adsorbs oxygen and releases oxygen at ≥300 °C; and the adsorbent is a mixture of perovskite ceramic oxides. Oxygen is adsorbed at temperatures above 300~60 °C, and oxygen is released at 400~600 °C. ", a perovskite ceramic oxide mixture, a modified rare earth X zeolite, a carbon molecular sieve may be sequentially loaded into the above three containers, wherein the heat insulating container 31 is filled with a perovskite ceramic oxide mixture Body, the heated heat carrier temperature is 600 degrees, the cooled heat carrier temperature is 350 degrees, and the adsorbent temperature is always maintained between 350 degrees and 600 degrees; the insulating heat preservation container two 32 is filled with modified rare earth X zeolite The temperature of the heated heat carrier is controlled to be 350 degrees, that is, the heat carrier cooled by the heat insulating container 31 is used as a heat carrier for heating the heat insulating container 2, and the heat carrier for cooling the heat insulating container 32 is cooled. The temperature is 100 degrees, the temperature of the zeolite molecular sieve is always maintained between 100 degrees and 350 degrees; the same thermal insulation container three 33 is filled with carbon molecular sieve adsorbent, and the cooling heat carrier of the thermal insulation container two 32 is used for heat insulation. The heat preservation container 33 is heated, and the cooling fluid of the heat insulation container 33 is directly taken from the outside of the vehicle to dissipate heat for heat dissipation, and the temperature difference between the two is large, and the temperature difference power generation piece can be arranged to recover energy; thus using the same exhaust gas Heat, while the production of high purity oxygen has tripled. The higher the starting temperature, the more temperature difference that can be placed or the more the type of adsorbent, the greater the number of steps, the greater the oxygen production. The high-temperature exhaust gas (nitrogen gas, etc.) generated in the same heavy-duty container is also exchanged with the exhaust gas and other heat source gases in stages with each heating or cooling heat carrier, until the final discharge temperature is below one bai, and then the temperature difference power generation piece recovers the electric energy. .

[0052] While the container controls the synchronous change of the working pressure, for example, the maximum pressure is two atmospheres, the container three is designed to have a pressure-resistant container at two atmospheres, and the containers one and two can be designed as non-pressure containers, but still can be Conducting a variable temperature and pressure swing combined adsorption to produce oxygen. The produced exhaust gas still has a certain temperature, and can be exchanged with the heat exchanger and the lower temperature heat carrier to exchange heat with the exhaust gas whose temperature has been gradually reduced, and the hot oxygen can also directly enter the combustion chamber, which is equivalent to taking heat. Air low oxynitride combustion technology.

 [0053] A further solution is that the heat source of the heat carrier is not limited to the exhaust gas, and the heat conducting device 12 is disposed between the combustion device 2 and the hot end of the external combustion engine 3, the fuel directly heats the heat carrier, and the heat carrier transfers heat to the heat carrier through the heat transfer device. The hot end of the Turing machine eliminates the effects of combustion stability.

 [0054] Since the source of the heat source is very wide, the oxygen system of the present application is widely used and is not limited to the vehicle-mounted oxygen generator, for example, a large-scale thermal power plant, which can utilize the heat of the gas to gradually increase the temperature of the oxygen, and the last stage of the cooling fluid is adopted. The water in the boiler does not lose much heat, and the high-temperature oxygen generated is directly sent to the combustion chamber, which is equivalent to the combustion technology of hot air and low oxygen compounds. The high-temperature exhaust gas (nitrogen gas) is also gradually changed. The cooling fluid exchanges heat, and finally the exhaust gas such as nitrogen is discharged at a temperature of about 100 degrees, and the electric power is used to recover electric energy. Needless to say, the iron-making blast furnace with more waste heat uses the oxygen-making system described in the present application to produce oxygen, thereby adopting a pure oxygen top-blowing process for steelmaking, pure oxygen blast furnace steelmaking, and the like.

 [0055] To improve the design of a new type of automobile for the existing pure electric vehicle, the powertrain system is composed of: (including but not limited to) pre-produced shaped biomass compressed fuel or biomass powder and other fuels are sent to the pure oxygen-rich combustion system for combustion. Heating, Stirling generator system power generation to supplement the smaller capacity of the battery capacity, engine exhaust and cooler waste heat for the temperature-temperature adsorption system to obtain high-concentration oxygen to supplement the oxygen shortage, adjust the battery capacity to ensure that the car starts, climbs, The power supply in the warm-up and acceleration phases is the design parameter, and the large-capacity power battery with large weight and high price is eliminated. The other electric drive systems and control systems are basically the same as the existing electric vehicle structure; the existing electric vehicle technology is fully utilized. , the motor has strong explosive power and other advantages, thus forming a new electric vehicle that can use biomass materials as energy.

[0056] Another example is the use of biomass gasification technology to design biomass fuel vehicles, or to improve the ancient technology of gasification of wood and coal into engine fuel, biomass fuel (or coal, etc.) into the gasifier, Due to the use of pure oxygen or high-concentration oxygen gasification, the gasifier has a large volumetric weight; controlling the oxygen concentration to obtain the best gas production effect, such electric vehicles are composed of an on-board generator system, a battery-regulating system, and an electric drive system. The electric drive system is basically the same as the existing electric vehicle. The on-board generator system is driven by a gasification reforming system consisting of a fuel pretreatment system, a conveying system, a gasifier or a reactor and a conveying pipe, a cooling and purifying system, and a low calorific value engine. Generator system, variable temperature adsorption oxygen system, for example using biomass The pure oxygen in the gasifier produces a biomass gas with a higher calorific value than the original, and the pure oxygen is connected to a small light gasifier (or reaction) based on catalysts such as dolomite, limestone and vanadium pentoxide. Kettle), because the gasification of pure oxygen steam is used, the volumetric weight of the gasifier is greatly reduced, the gasification speed is greatly improved, and the obtained product (intermediate gas) is sequentially gasified at high temperature and high pressure in each small reactor and separately according to the chemical process. Hydrogenation plus carbon adjustment for multiple reforming to obtain high calorific value CH4, CO mixed gas, dimethyl ether mixed gas, the temperature of the mixed gas is higher; and one of the heat sources of the variable temperature adsorption oxygen generating device in the auxiliary oxygen supply system is from each gasification The high-temperature biomass mixed gas from the furnace (reactor), the high-temperature biomass mixed gas and other intermediate products enter the variable temperature adsorption system through the transfer pipeline, exchange heat with the heat carriers through the heat exchanger, and gradually cool down and enter the next stage. Process, the gas is cooled, filtered, purified and then compressed into a specially designed micro gas turbine (or low calorific value) Machine, prior art), driving the vehicle generator set to generate electricity, and supplying oxygen-enriched air to the combustion of the oxygen-enriched membrane oxygen generator to improve the power output and reduce the tail gas pollution; the rest is basically similar to the existing hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle structure. Therefore, the old automobile technology of burning charcoal and wood gasification in the background art is improved, and the weakness of the power output is unstable, the gasification is difficult to control, and the exhaust gas pollution is serious, and the vehicle becomes a new type of clean energy vehicle. In this workflow, there are no more hydrogen and oxygen generator equipment, hydrogen equipment and power generation equipment, which avoids multiple energy conversion. However, in view of the many compounds produced during the gasification and reforming process, special attention is paid to purification design, especially exhaust gas dedusting and purification, such as electrostatic decoking, photolysis tube cracking of hydrocarbons, tail gas reburning, etc. Reforming temperature increases tar conversion rate, catalyst cracking, etc. Biomass gas and exhaust gas dust purification are the key to the success of such vehicles.

However, this structure has a long process for biomass gasification reforming, and in particular, each process gas requires a large space for cooling, so it is suitable for a large-sized vehicle such as a heavy truck, and is particularly suitable for a large airship: for example, a type The latest high-speed solar airship, with a huge surface covered with solar panels, electrolyzed water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen input into the explosion-proof hydrogen airbag to provide airship buoyancy, (also can improve the hydrogen for partial hydrogenation reform), high purity obtained by electrolysis of water Oxygen can supplement part of pure oxygenation oxygen. High-purity oxygen is taken by the temperature-changing adsorption oxygen generation mechanism of the present application, and the biomass granular material made of wood stalks and the like is repeatedly reformed in each reaction kettle. The methyl ether is sent to the engine to generate power. The large amount of gas generated during the biomass gasification reforming process is cooled by the heat exchange between the temperature-changing adsorption oxygen system and the heat carrier, and then filled into a special airbag (considered as a flexible purification furnace). Cooling, purification, the air temperature in these airbags is higher than the air The high air, but the floating buoyancy.

 [0058] The on-vehicle generator and the electric vehicle of the present application use the pure oxygen combustion technology to ensure the combustion condition, the fuel source is more extensive, the machine is light, and the efficiency is compared with the ordinary biomass generator, the camel machine, and the like in the background art. Higher; it improves the Stirling engine system so that it can burn some air to help burn a lower temperature and can't use the fuel, making the fuel source wider and more versatile, and helping to control exhaust pollution and improve energy efficiency; Other hydrogen energy technologies, which use coal, wood or other biomass materials directly with pure oxygen-rich oxyfuel combustion, without the need for other links, especially the system is lighter, allowing it to be loaded onto cars, ships, airships, etc. Vehicles, which guarantee the burning conditions, make the available biomass materials more extensive, and it is possible to gradually reduce the amount of petroleum coal used in renewable energy by wood and coal, and even completely replace fossil energy such as petroleum; compared with fuel cell vehicles Waiting for electric vehicles, it completely solves the source of hydrogen, storage Technical bottlenecks such as transportation, and the construction of hydrogen refueling stations and gas stations are no longer needed. For pure electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, the problem of battery life is solved, and construction such as power capacity increase and charging piles is no longer needed. Long daytime charging also avoids the safety problem of hydrogen storage and the safety of power battery; For wood gas vehicles, it overcomes the defects of unstable power output, high exhaust gas pollution, low gas calorific value, etc.; as independent low power The combined heat and cold power supply unit, pure oxygen combustion, greatly expands the fuel selection range, even if the newly cut branches and fresh weeds can be used as fuel, combined with solar power and wind energy electrolysis water to obtain more pure oxygen and hydrogen, thereby utilizing the source. The abundant agroforestry products that are completely renewable energy replace fossil fuels, which meet the energy demand of remote areas and distributed energy. At this stage, coal can be directly burned to replace oil. Moreover, the present invention is simple in construction, low in cost, convenient in manufacturing, and advantageous for industrialization in most applications, and has broad application prospects in various new energy fields.

 [0059] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Embodiment 1:

[0061] A new type of electric heavy-duty truck adopting the prime mover technology described in the present application is designed with reference to the existing heavy-duty card parameters, for example, with reference to the performance parameters of the Hualing heavy-duty truck (300 hp) with a price of about 300,000 RMB in China, and the diesel engine is cancelled. Replacing two Philips-type Stirling generator sets (100 kW), and the auxiliary equipment such as exhaust gas purification and ash collection as described in this application; installing a temperature-dependent adsorption oxygen concentrator with 80 cubic meters of oxygen per hour Using a 20KWh battery to form a power source, the rest of the electric drive system, control system, etc. The design of the electric heavy-duty truck technology is basically the same.

 [0062] The temperature-adjusting adsorption oxygen generator adopts the structure illustrated in FIG. 7 , and two symmetrically arranged ones, each of which arranges four adsorbents to form a temperature utilization gradient in turn, and the four containers have an adsorption volume of about 600 liters from the inside to the outside. The maximum diameter is about 1.2 meters and the length is about two meters; each adsorbent is packed with about 200 kilograms; the outermost container is a pressure-resistant container, and the maximum adsorption pressure is controlled to 3 atmospheres to perform the variable temperature pressure swing adsorption operation, and the adsorption cycle is 120 seconds. The theoretical calculation of oxygen production per time is about three cubic meters, and the pump that increases the gas pressure consumes a small amount of electrical energy.

 [0063] The Stirling unit system weighs about 700 kg, regulates the battery by about 200 kg, the variable temperature adsorption oxygen generator is about 1.5 tons, the cancelled diesel engine is about 900 kg, the conditioning quality is increased by about two tons, and the power consumption per hour is about 100. Degree, Stirling unit is enough to supplement; Economic calculation: Although the cost of Stirling unit increased by 400,000 RMB, the battery was increased by 30,000 yuan, the temperature-adsorption adsorption oxygen machine increased by 200,000, and the rest increased by about 30,000 yuan. The reduction of about 60,000 yuan, the price of the whole vehicle is about 900,000 yuan, an increase of nearly 600,000 yuan; but the fuel cost is much less: Hualing heavy truck 100 kilometers fuel consumption of 40 liters or more is about 250 yuan, and the technical design of the electric heavy truck consumption The biomass pellet fuel is about 70 kilograms, the fuel cost per 100 kilometers is about 50 yuan, and the fuel cost saved by the trip 300,000 kilometers is enough to recover the cost difference. The existing heavy truck annual trip has two or three hundred thousand kilometers, and some are five. Six hundred thousand kilometers are moving forward, and one to two years is enough to recover the cost.

 [0064] Embodiment 2:

 [0065] Taking Tesla MOLDE S as a medium-sized passenger car as an example, canceling the 85KWH large-capacity battery to a smaller capacity 10KWH battery to adjust the power output and ensuring the engine warm-up, climbing, acceleration, etc. Electricity, the Stirling power generation system with a weight of about 25KW weighs about 300 kilograms, costs about 100,000 yuan, and has a volume of about 400 liters. It is equipped with an oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator to provide 30% oxygen, and each small gas supply is 60. Cubic, power consumption is about 7 degrees; weight is about two or thirty kilograms, volume is about 40 liters, cost is about 10,000 yuan, and the replacement of large-capacity power battery is about 200,000 yuan, weighs 600 kilograms, and the volume is 500 liters. The rest of the equipment is unchanged, the quality of the whole plant is reduced by 300 kilograms, the cost of construction is reduced by tens of thousands of yuan, the length of the whole vehicle is slightly increased, and the performance and parameters are unchanged or even better. The fuel can be used with gasoline or diesel. The electric drive system is more efficient than the internal combustion engine drive system. It is more than 20% more efficient. It can also be used as a fuel-efficient hybrid vehicle. It can also use industrial palm oil and industrial soybean oil. It is also cheap and has no steam and diesel. Ashes need to be disposed of; but gas stations need to add industrial oil supply such as industrial palm oil.

[0066] Embodiment 3: [0067] Taking the BYD Fl electric vehicle as a small passenger car as an example, the original model car has a 1.4 ton quality, an idle speed of 100 km, and a power consumption of 10 to 12 degrees per 100 km. The 1-98 Stirling generator set is about 400 kg, and the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator is 30 kg. Each small raft provides 60 cubic meters of 30% oxygen-enriched air for combustion (power consumption is about 7 degrees); 2 tons, 100 kilometers of power consumption increased from 10 to 12 degrees to 17 to 22 degrees, with 25KW engine every 25 hours of power generation is enough to supplement. The cost of the Stirling machine (Netherlands type 1-98) increased by 100,000 yuan. Calculated by using 25 kilowatts of Stirling engine to generate 25 kilograms of firewood per 25 hours of power consumption, the cost of 100 kilometers is 20 yuan (RMB); loading 180 kilograms of wood can run 10 hours and thousands of kilometers, and the gas station is changed to firewood. And the plant ash fertilizer collection transfer station can be.

 Embodiment 4:

 [0069] Taking the BYD F1 electric vehicle as an example of a small passenger car design, the original model car has a 1.4 ton quality, an idle speed of 100 kilometers, and a power consumption of 10 to 12 degrees per 100 kilometers. The Vostrin engine has 40 kg and 25 kW generators of 200 kg. The increased 15 cubic variable temperature pressure swing adsorption oxygen system is estimated to be about 200 kg. The curb weight is increased to 2.2 tons. The power consumption per 100 km is increased from 10 to 12 degrees. 15~22 degrees, with 25KW engine, 25 degrees of power generation per small enough to supplement. The cost of the Stirling machine increased by 100,000 yuan. Calculated by using 25 kilowatts of Sterling engine to generate 10 kilograms of firewood per kilowatt hour, 100 kilometers cost more than ten yuan; loading 150 kilograms of wood can run 10 hours, thousands of kilometers, gas station to firewood add station and grass ash The fertilizer collection transfer station is fine.

 [0070] The Stirling generator is about 100,000 yuan, the oxygen system is about 50,000 yuan, and the total cost is about 150,000 yuan.

 It can supply oxygen by itself. The parking system can charge the battery (retaining about 10~20kwh capacity, filled within one hour), and can also be used as emergency or backup generator for household and factory, and heat, electricity and cold connection. for.

 [0071] Embodiment 5:

[0072] A solar high-speed airship (high-efficiency fluid drag reduction technology and high-speed airship technology see Chinese patent ZL20061010 6732.4), the shape is a pizza-shaped (carpet-shaped) regular rectangular parallelepiped, 400 meters long, 8 meters high, 40 meters wide, 20 tons load Using a large surface area to arrange solar panels, electrolyzed water to produce hydrogen and pure oxygen, hydrogen into a safe explosion-proof hydrogen balloon (airbag is another patented technology) to generate buoyancy, double as a fuel reserve; the same use of biomass fuel, the resulting pure oxygen Into the micro-light gasifier with dolomite, limestone, vanadium pentoxide and other catalysts, the gasifier is greatly reduced in volume due to the use of pure oxygen steam. The gasification rate is greatly improved, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gasification in each small reactor is carried out in turn, and the hydrogenation and carbon addition are adjusted several times to obtain high calorific value CH4, CO mixed gas, dimethyl ether, and mixed gas into the airbag (visible as In the flexible purification furnace, the cold air from the high air is cooled, filtered and purified by the heat exchanger; the same is generated because the generated gas is lighter than the air, and the airbag also generates auxiliary buoyancy; Not enough, the auxiliary oxygen supply system uses a variable temperature adsorption oxygen generator. Its structure is shown in Figure 7. A series of vessels and corresponding adsorption chambers are arranged. One of the variable temperature heat sources is the high temperature biomass gas from the gasifier, the intermediate gas. The heat is exchanged with the heat carrier through the corresponding pipeline, and is used as a variable temperature heat source to alternately heat and cool the adsorbent to provide high concentration of oxygen; the same intermediate gas is also gradually cooled and cooled, and the obtained product gas is cooled by high-altitude cold air. Source, cooled, purified, compressed and sent to a specially designed biomass gas engine (or micro gas turbine) for combustion work, drive Boat power plant operations. In this way, the airship is powered by solar energy during the day, and the biomass fuel is used as the power in the evening to completely get rid of fossil fuels.

[0073] Embodiment 6:

 [0074] The BYD K9A pure electric bus bus with a price of 2 million RMB was modified, and the 324KWh power battery weighing 2,500 kilograms was removed, and 2 sets of 4-215 Stirling generator sets produced by Philips in the Netherlands (100 kW, heavy 700 kg), with 100 cubic meters of temperature-adjusting oxygen concentrator (approx. 1500 kg), and 30 kWh of adjustable battery, using biomass pellet fuel for about 70 kg per hour, the quality of the preparation is basically unchanged, although the cost is increased by about 200,000. RMB, but unlimited mileage, no need for long daytime charging, fuel compatible with gasoline and diesel, industrial palm oil, industrial soybean oil, industrial sucrose, biomass pellet fuel (including biomass pellets that are partially cleaned of coal), special type Coal, natural gas, etc.

 Embodiment 7:

[0076] Converting a light tank to an electric tank, removing 600 tank engines, and modifying two Philips-type 4-215 Stirling generators, with a total output of 100 KW, appropriately improving the heat chamber so that In the pure oxygen combustion and the elimination of ash and the treatment of exhaust gas, the cold chamber adopts an air cooling system; the fuel is a batch of biomass pellet material which is pre-extruded and immersed in lime water and urea, and is charged at a rate of 30 kg per hour. The power generation can be connected to the 50KWH battery to adjust the power output and ensure the power consumption of the engine warming up, climbing, accelerating, etc.; the auxiliary oxygen supply adopts the variable temperature pressure swing adsorption oxygen generating device of the present application, and covers a large number of electronic refrigeration sheets, The thermoelectric generation sheet accelerates the oxygen production rate and recovers part of the residual heat, and the adsorption pressure is increased to 0.3MP. The combat fuel is available everywhere in the jungle area, and the Stirling machine can achieve silent power generation, travel, and concealed connection. Enemies, and can eliminate the dilemma of power sources facing the development of all-electric tanks.

[0077] Embodiment 8:

 [0078] The power supply in a remote forest area is difficult, but the biomass materials such as forest trees are abundant. Therefore, the steam turbine power generation system is adopted. The trees are not easy to burn in the air due to the high water cut rate; the materials such as branches are fed into the fuel. The pretreatment device is pulverized, sprayed and dried by the exhaust gas, and sprayed with the quantitative lime powder and urea uniformly mixed, and sent to the pure oxygen combustion chamber in the improved high-efficiency steam generating boiler through the conveying device, and the heated steam generating boiler is burned in pure oxygen. In order to facilitate the rapid generation of steam, the boiler is divided into a plurality of small furnaces and heat sinks are added; the steam in the boiler is heated by a heat pipe to generate a micro-turbine generator set with a power generation of 100 to 200 kW, and some of the electric energy is directly output and used. Part of the electric energy is rectified and connected to the large-flow hydrogen-oxygen generator to generate pure oxygen to be connected to the pure oxygen combustor for auxiliary combustion; the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen-oxygen generator is separately burned with the air to the hydrogen combustion chamber of the steam generating boiler system, forming a process Loop

 [0079] The oxygen deficiency portion is supplied with high-purity oxygen by the temperature-changing adsorption oxygen system of the present application, and the variable-temperature heat source is derived from the exhaust gas and the high-temperature combustion gas; the temperature-changing adsorption oxygen system adopts the structure illustrated in FIG. 7 and is symmetrically arranged. Each of the four adsorbents is arranged to form a temperature utilization gradient, and the four containers have an adsorption volume of about 600 liters from the inside to the outside, a maximum diameter of about 1.2 meters, and a length of about two meters; each adsorbent is packed with about 200 kilograms; The outer layer container is a pressure-resistant container, and the maximum adsorption pressure is controlled to 3 atmospheres to perform the variable temperature pressure swing adsorption operation, alternating temperature change pressure, the adsorption period is 120 seconds, and the theoretical oxygen production amount is about three cubic meters, totaling about every small吋80 cubic meters; pumps that increase gas pressure also consume a small amount of electrical energy.

 [0080] The oxygen system receives thermal energy from the exhaust gas and the combustion gas, the initial temperature of the first stage heat carrier is higher than 800 degrees, and the temperature of the heat carrier is heated to about 500 degrees after heating the adsorbent, and can be used to heat the second stage adsorbent. The high-temperature oxygen generated is connected to the pure oxygen combustion chamber, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is connected to the boiler to heat the water therein, and the same heat is gradually transferred. The final exhaust gas discharge temperature is about 80 degrees, and the optimal temperature difference is formed with the air temperature. The thermoelectric power chip recovers electrical energy.

 [0081] As for the partial hot water supply in the boiler, it is no different from the prior art, and the same ammonia gas working system is used for cooling; thereby forming a combined heat and power production, and the thermal energy efficiency is not less than 80%. If the fuel combustion conditions are still insufficient, the finely washed pulverized coal mixed combustion can be miserable to increase the calorific value, or the coal-rich oxygen mixed combustion technology can be used.

The invention has been described above with reference to specific examples, which are merely used to help the understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, according to the idea of the present invention, To make a few simple deductions, deformations or substitutions.

Claims

Claim

 [Claim 1] An oxygen generation system, comprising: a temperature swing adsorption oxygen generation device, wherein the temperature change adsorption oxygen generation device is provided with a heating system, a cooling system, and at least one air chamber, the air chamber being equipped with at least An adsorption chamber equipped with a combination structure of adsorbing materials, wherein two ends of the adsorption chamber are respectively provided with a closable air chamber valve and an adsorption chamber valve, wherein the air chamber valve is used for conducting with the air chamber, The adsorption chamber valve is configured to discharge oxygen; the adsorption material combination structure comprises an adsorption material, a heating tube, a cooling tube and a heat exchange sheet, wherein the heating tube, the cooling tube and the heat exchange sheet are both made of a heat conductive material, the heat exchange The sheet is connected to the heating tube and the cooling tube, and the adsorbing material is arranged around the heat exchange sheet; the heating system is connected to the heating tube and connected to the heat conducting device, and the cooling system is connected to the cooling tube.

 [Claim 2] The oxygen generation system according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent material assembly further includes a frame of a mesh structure, and the frame is fixed to the heating pipe, the cooling pipe, and the heat exchange sheet. A rigid frame of adsorbent material that is formed around a rigid frame.

 [Claim 3] The oxygen generation system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature difference power generation chip that also serves as an electronic refrigeration sheet is disposed at a position where the oxygen generation system has a temperature difference, the electronic refrigeration sheet and the temperature difference The power generation chip is provided with a circuit for switching work and collecting electrical energy.

[Claim 4] The oxygen generation system according to claim 1, wherein the heating system includes a drive pump, a heat carrier main storage tank, and at least one heat carrier auxiliary tank, the heat carrier main storage tank passing through the pipeline Forming a circulation loop with the drive pump and the heating tube, the heat carrier auxiliary tank being connected in parallel with the heat carrier main storage tank through the pipeline, the driving pump driving the heat carrier main storage tank and the heat carrier in the heat carrier auxiliary tank to circulate and flow The temperature of the heat carrier in the heat carrier auxiliary tank is lower than the temperature of the heat carrier in the main tank of the heat carrier, and the temperature of the heat carrier in the plurality of heat carrier auxiliary tanks is gradually decreased; the main carrier of the heat carrier and the heat carrier The auxiliary tank circulation circuit is respectively provided with a heating control shut-off valve; the cooling system comprises a driving pump, a cold carrier main storage tank and at least one cold carrier auxiliary tank, and the cold carrier main storage tank is connected to the driving pump through the pipeline The cold tube forms a circulation loop, and the cold carrier auxiliary tank is connected in parallel with the cold carrier main storage tank through the pipeline, and the driving pump drives the cold carrier main storage tank and the cold carrier in the cold carrier auxiliary tank Circulating flow, the temperature of the cold carrier in the cold carrier auxiliary tank is higher than that in the cold carrier main storage tank The temperature, and the temperature of the plurality of cold carrier auxiliary tanks in the tank is gradually increased; the cold carrier main tank and the cold carrier auxiliary tank circulation circuit are respectively provided with a cooling control shutoff valve.

 [Claim 5] The oxygen generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a heat exchange system, the heat exchange system and the heat carrier main storage tank, the heat carrier auxiliary tank, and the cold carrier main storage, respectively The canister is coupled to a cold carrier auxiliary tank, and the heat exchange system is further coupled to the adsorption chamber for recycling the exhaust heat energy of the adsorption chamber.

 [Claim 6] The oxygen generation system according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption chamber is a heat insulation container, and the heat insulation container has at least two weights, and the innermost heat insulation container The heat storage container 2 and the heat insulation container 2 respectively have an adsorbent 1 and a adsorbent 2, and the adsorption temperature of the adsorbent 1 and the adsorbent 2 are decreased according to a gradient. The cooling temperature of the adsorbent 1 is not lower than the heating temperature of the adsorbent 2, and the thermal insulation container 1 and the thermal insulation container 2 are simultaneously pressurized or depressurized.

 [Claim 7] The oxygen generation system according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen generation system further includes an oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generation device, and an output end of the air chamber outputs the pre-treated air through a pipe to An oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator, wherein an output end of the oxygen-rich membrane oxygen generator outputs oxygen-rich gas to the adsorption chamber through a pipeline, and a control valve is disposed between the two conduits.

 [Claim 8] An electric vehicle, comprising an onboard generator system, a battery storage system, and an electric drive system, characterized by further comprising the oxygen generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, said oxygen generation system The oxygen output outputs oxygen to the onboard generator system.

[Claim 9] The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the onboard generator system includes a fuel pretreatment device, a combustion device, a Stirling machine, a generator, an exhaust gas treatment system, and a cooling device, wherein a fuel output end of the fuel pretreatment device is coupled to the combustion device, the fuel pretreatment device outputs fuel to the combustion device, and a thermal energy output end of the combustion device outputs thermal energy to the Stirling machine, The power output of the Stirling machine outputs mechanical energy to the generator, and the output end of the generator outputs electrical energy; the exhaust output of the Stirling machine is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system, and the heat absorption of the cooling device The end is connected to the cold end of the Stirling machine for cooling the Stirling machine; further comprising a heat conducting device, wherein the heat conducting device is connected to the hot end of the Stirling machine, and the heat releasing end of the heat conducting device is Oxygen system The heat transfer device is configured to transfer thermal energy of the exhaust gas treatment system and the cooling device to the oxygen generation system; the oxygen output end of the oxygen production system outputs oxygen to the combustion device.

 [Claim 10] The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the fuel pretreatment device pulverizes, dries, and pre-extrudes the fuel, and performs desulfurization and denitrification and environmental pretreatment, and the additive is surface-mounted. In the fuel; the hydrogen obtained by the nitrogen and hydrogen and oxygen generators of the oxygen system is purified and then input into the Stirling machine through a reserved high pressure pump to supplement the leakage working medium; The processing system is coupled to the fuel pretreatment device by a heat transfer device that delivers thermal energy of the exhaust gas treatment system to the dry fuel in the fuel pretreatment device; the exhaust gas treatment system is provided with an exhaust gas treatment device, a waste heat collecting device, a dust removing device, an ash collecting device and a packing device, wherein the exhaust gas treating device is for controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas and thoroughly mixing with the ash, and desulfurizing and denitrating; the exhaust gas treating system is connected to the fuel pretreatment device through a heat conducting device The heat transfer device delivers thermal energy of the exhaust gas treatment system to the fuel pretreatment device The fuel delivery device, the combustion device, and the exhaust gas treatment system constitute a combination of a skid-mounted and menu-like structure.

 [Claim 11] The electric vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the onboard generator system includes a gasification system, a cooling purification system, and a generator system, the gasification system including a fuel pretreatment system, a transportation system, and gasification a furnace or a reaction vessel, and a delivery conduit, wherein the oxygen generation system is coupled to the gasification system by a heat transfer device that transfers thermal energy of a high temperature intermediate product of the gasification system to the oxygen generation system The oxygen output end of the oxygen system outputs oxygen to the generator, and the output end of the gasification system outputs gas and is cooled, filtered, purified, and compressed to be sent to the generator set to generate electricity.