WO2019057108A1

WO2019057108A1 - Denitration process and device, combustion power generation process and system, electric vehicle and aerostat

Info

Publication number: WO2019057108A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/106670
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邹立松
Original assignee: 邹立松
Priority date: 2017-09-22
Filing date: 2018-09-20
Publication date: 2019-03-28

Abstract

A denitration process and device, a combustion power generation process and system, an electric vehicle, and an aerostat. The denitration process is capable of introducing flue gas successively into a denitration chamber and a high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber to be subjected to multiple times of high-temperature low-oxygen reburning combustion under a reducing atmosphere. Therefore, the residence time of an exhaust gas in the denitration chamber is prolonged; the flue gas and reburning fuel are sufficiently mixed; and impurities such as nitrogen oxides are sufficiently reacted with active components such as intermediate products generated by the reburning fuel to suppress the re-generation of impurities such as nitrogen oxides, thereby increasing denitration rate. Moreover, after being denitrated, the exhaust gas is cooled by means of a heat exchanger and the heat energy is output, and heat energy is thus recycled; the exhaust gas of an electric vehicle or aerostat mounted with the denitration device and the combustion power generation system is denitrified, and the heat energy generated by the denitration can thus be recycled; the heat of the exhaust gas is recovered; heat efficiency is greatly increased; and energy is saved.

Description

Denitration process and equipment, combustion power generation process and system, electric vehicle and aerostat

Technical field

The application relates to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection technologies, and particularly relates to a denitration process and device, a combustion power generation process and system, an electric vehicle and a floating device.

Background technique

Fossil energy such as oil and coal is drying up and causing huge environmental problems such as smog and climate change. At present, new energy vehicle power technologies aiming at replacing petroleum fuels are: various petroleum alternative fuel technologies, but there are many conversion links, each of which will increase huge costs, each with various defects, such as bioethanol, which is expensive and produces. The amount is small, there are still problems with food disputes, and the total annual output of grain is about 2.5 billion tons, while the energy consumption is 15 billion tons of oil equivalent, not an order of magnitude; methanol, dimethyl ether also has the same problem, and some There are still toxicity; although natural gas, petroleum liquefied gas, etc. have satisfactory effects, they are fossil fuels, which are basically ineffective for carbon emission reduction. At one time, many scientists advocated the conversion of hydrogen energy (fuel cells), but hydrogen fuel cells are more expensive and weigh. Large, in fact, still in the research and development stage; and hydrogen acquisition cost, storage and transportation technology, platinum catalyst replacement, hydrogen station safety, etc. are far from being solved. (It is estimated that the use of hydrogen as fuel costs is several times or even eight times that of gasoline, hydrogenation. The cost of the station is dozens of times that of the gas station. It is still difficult to commercialize. After repeated debates, mainstream scientists now think that electric vehicles are especially Electric vehicles are the only viable option, but pure electric vehicle power batteries are heavy, expensive, and have long charging time, limited cruising range, difficult construction of charging piles, huge investment in power capacity, battery safety needs to be improved and recycling after disposal. The pollution is large, and the adoption of this research and development idea for electric heavy trucks seems to be in trouble.

R&D personnel have long turned their attention to the application of external combustion engines compatible with various fuels in automobiles. The word "steam" in the name of the car comes from the earliest steam engine; the Stirling machine is as efficient as the internal combustion engine, but Automobile engines that are not suitable for direct output power, such as heavy output torque, long warm-up time, etc., have been internationally determined in the 1990s; in addition, a large number of firewood appeared about a hundred years ago, especially during World War II. The main principle of coal-fueled cars, tanks, etc. is to produce (wood) gas for high-temperature gasification of fuel such as firewood and coal. After purification, it is put into a special internal combustion engine to work, and the direct output power drives the car forward, but due to gasification The gas or wood gas obtained is gradually eliminated due to low burning value, serious pollution, slow start-up and unstable power output. Although there is a continuing possibility of using graduated material fuels for automobiles, for example, the power system technology of graduate students of the Northeastern Forestry University in China reveals a single-cylinder four-stroke biomass cracking gas automobile engine, although it is advantageous to use existing A simple modification of a fuel vehicle can be done by simply purchasing a dedicated pyrolysis gas engine. However, because the speed of a car on the market requires more than 100 kilometers per hour, the required engine power is hundreds of horsepower, and the low calorific value of the existing biomass gas causes the engine. Heavier, and the engine power of the vehicle weight is below 30 to 70 horsepower, and the corresponding speed reduction cannot meet the requirements at all; and the biomass gas heat value is unstable, the change is too large, and the power output is unstable, which is difficult to meet the vehicle power. Need; other similar studies are mostly limited to this.

The prior art discloses a temperature swing adsorption oxygen generation technology and some electric vehicles compatible with a plurality of fuel vehicle-mounted generators, but all technical solutions do not involve the most critical small gasification system operational stability problems and biomass gas. Purification and other bottlenecks. In addition, if the temperature of the combustion chamber of the Sterling machine's on-board generator set is too high or too low, contaminants may be generated, and the prior art has failed to solve these problems perfectly.

At present, the purification of biomass gas at home and abroad includes physical methods such as thermal cracking, catalytic cracking, and filtration.

1. The wet filtration method, that is, the water washing method, removes part of the tar in the combustible gas with water. When in use, water is sprayed downward from the nozzle of the filter, and the gas flows upward from the lower end.

2. The dry filtration method is to remove the large particles of dust and carbon black from the gas by a secondary cyclone separation at a high temperature, and then the gas enters the heat exchanger for cooling, so the condensed gas contains a large amount of water and tar, and finally remains. The tar is removed by adsorption.

3. Dry and wet filtration Generally, the biomass gas is sprayed and washed with water, and then the remaining part of the dust is removed by centrifugation, and finally the tar is adsorbed by the adsorbent.

4. Thermal cracking is the mixing of biomass gas and air into hot charcoal. The tar burns on the surface of charcoal to form carbon dioxide. The outer layer of charcoal is reduced to carbon monoxide to remove tar.

5. The catalytic cracking method is to add a cracking catalyst during the gasification process, and most of the tar can be cracked at a temperature of 750 to 900.

Coal gasification power generation technology is represented by IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) integrated gasification combined cycle power generation technology. Biomass gasification and power generation technology are described in many monographs, and will not be described here. These technologies are difficult to miniaturize. Until it can be used for on-board power generation, especially the water washing method used for decoking produces a large amount of waste water that is difficult to handle on the vehicle; although the Stirling machine power generation system is compatible with various fuels and can be miniaturized until on-board power generation, the Stirling machine is expensive and performance. Unstable, combustion pollution is difficult to solve, and there are still obstacles in the promotion of cost issues; the design of on-board power generation systems using micro gas turbines has similar problems.

Indirect heated gasification cracking furnace equipment has been widely used in chemical equipment, such as heat pipe gasifiers, but these technologies are suitable for large plants, while heat pipes are expensive and complicated, and the reaction temperature is limited, often In seven or eight Baidu, it is very laborious, and it is more difficult to accurately control the reaction temperature and conditions. Although the small experimental instruments used in the study can accurately control the thermochemical reaction conditions, the equipment is expensive, and many working conditions are difficult to obtain when the vehicle is in use.

Although the heating furnace and boiler combustion technology have regenerative high-temperature air combustion technology, the waste heat recovery reaches the limit and clean combustion, but the ceramic honeycomb heat storage material requires gas and air cleaning, dust, sulfur, tar, etc. will lead to key The material is destroyed, and the burning environment is often dusty and the application is limited.

Ordinary fuels with large impurity content can not adopt regenerative high-temperature low-oxygen combustion technology, and a large amount of nitrogen oxides are generated during high-temperature combustion. Now, although boiler combustion and other technologies have re-ignition and denitration processes, the recovery rate of reducing agents such as ammonia and urea is high. Moreover, the equipment is expensive and complicated; and the combustion time is short, the residence time of the reburning zone is limited, the fuel and the flue gas are not uniformly mixed, the temperature distribution is uneven, and it is difficult to accurately control, and the burnout area is difficult to control the re-generation of nitrogen oxides, etc., which causes the denitration rate to decrease. It is caused by incomplete chemical reactions with limited conditions and denitrification; in some cases today, where environmental protection emission requirements are increasingly strict, it is no longer sufficient.

Although there are many mature technologies for gas flue gas purification, it is often a large-scale system with large-scale processing equipment that is well developed, but it is not suitable for small devices, especially for in-vehicle systems.

Summary of the invention

For the reburning denitration mechanism, reburning fuel such as methane in the combustion process generates a large amount of O, OH radicals and intermediates such as CH3 and CHO in a very short combustion time of about 0.15 seconds, which react with nitric oxide, depending on the reaction conditions. Reduction of nitric oxide or regeneration, control of the extremely short combustion process of intermediates and the mixing and reaction of free radicals with nitric oxide is the key to denitrification. In the reducing atmosphere, it is obviously beneficial to balance the movement toward the denitration reaction.

In one embodiment, a denitration process is provided, including the following steps:

The flue gas generated by the high temperature combustion chamber is introduced into the combustion passage of the denitration chamber, and the preheated high temperature reburning fuel is injected in a certain proportion to reburn combustion, and the residual oxygen in the flue gas is consumed, in the formed reducing atmosphere. High temperature and low oxygen combustion, and control the combustion temperature within a preset denitration temperature range to complete preliminary denitration;

After the initial denitrification, as the flue gas moves in the combustion passage, under the premise of controlling the total air excess coefficient, excessive high-temperature reburning fuel is injected at different positions of the combustion passage to ensure the reducing atmosphere, and then the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion-supporting gas is sprayed in several times. Perform one or more reburning combustions, control and adjust the combustion temperature within the preset denitration temperature range, organize high temperature and low oxygen stable combustion, and complete further denitration;

The process of further denitrification is repeatedly organized one to many times;

After further denitrification, the flue gas is introduced into the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, and the high-temperature low-oxygen gas is injected into the high-temperature and low-oxygen gas in a single or divided condition under the premise of the air excess coefficient, and sufficient combustion is ensured, and the combustion is controlled and adjusted. The temperature is within the preset denitration temperature range, and the denitration is finally completed; or it can be mixed with the preheated high-temperature air to be a high-temperature low-oxygen gas, and the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion output heat energy is organized;

After the denitration is completed, the exhaust gas is cooled by the heat exchanger and outputs thermal energy, which is discharged after being treated.

In one embodiment, a denitration device for implementing the above denitration process is provided, comprising:

In the denitration chamber, the air inlet of the denitration chamber is connected to the exhaust gas discharge port of the high temperature combustion chamber, and the denitration chamber has a preset length and a labyrinth type combustion passage, and the combustion passage is provided with a space for injection. a combustion air nozzle for high temperature and low oxygen combustion air and a fuel nozzle for injecting reburning fuel, and a plurality of evenly distributed and movable nozzles on the combustion air nozzle;

a high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, an air inlet of the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber is connected to an air outlet of the denitration chamber, and a high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber is further provided with a combustion gas inlet and a fuel nozzle for injecting the reburning fuel;

The heat exchanger and the air inlet of the heat exchanger are connected with the air outlet of the high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber, and the heat exchanger is used for cooling the introduced gas and outputting the heat energy;

And a superheater, the air inlet of the superheater is connected to the air supply device, the air outlet of the superheater is connected with the combustion air nozzle of the denitration chamber and the combustion air inlet of the high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber, and the superheater is used for heating the low oxygen combustion air Or other fluids.

And other thermal energy output devices are located in the denitration chamber or the high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber, and are respectively connected to the corresponding pipes for heating the introduced fluid.

In one embodiment, a combustion power generation system is provided, including a fuel delivery device, a gas generation device, a high temperature desulfurization chamber, a gas cracking chamber, a high temperature combustion chamber, a thermal energy output device, a gas supply device, an oxygen supply device, and a generator. Also included is the denitration device described above.

In one embodiment, a combustion power generation process is provided, including the following steps:

S1, a micro gas generating device that accesses an external heat source and can regulate the reaction temperature ensures high-temperature gasification and cracking reaction to generate medium-high calorific value crude gas, and sets a high-temperature combustion furnace as an external heat source to control the gasification temperature and the outlet temperature at 900 degrees. Above 1000 degrees.

S2, crude gas is pyrolyzed and purified at a certain temperature, and the cracking temperature is controlled between 900 and 1000 degrees, and the mixture is uniformly mixed;

S3, indirect heat exchange between the crude gas and the gasification agent is initially cooled, and the dust is initially filtered and heated to generate water vapor. The water vapor is heated to a certain temperature by the heat device and then sent to the gas generating device as a gasifying agent;

S4, the crude gas is indirectly cooled by one or more air preheaters, air cooling devices, etc., and then forced to cool below a limited temperature;

S5, one or more dilute alkali water washing desulfurization, dust removal, the crude gas continues to be uniformly mixed, the dilute alkali water is sodium carbonate solution;

S6, the crude gas is washed by one or more low-volatility solvents which are compatible with the tar organic matter to remove tar and impurities, and the solvent is vegetable oil;

S7, the activated carbon adsorption layer impurities, the impurities include at least desulfurization and tar;

S8, dehydration and decarburization, mixing evenly, and then being sent to the generator set for power generation;

S9. The denitration chamber of the genset exhaust gas is connected to the high temperature combustion furnace, and the denitration process according to any one of claims 1-2 is used for reburning and denitration;

Among them, the washing oil agent, the dilute alkali water, the high-temperature desulfurizing agent and the activated carbon are reused by the high-temperature superheated steam regeneration operation; and the whole process is carried out under the medium-high pressure gas pressure.

In one embodiment, a combustion power generation system for implementing the above-described combustion power generation process is provided, including a fuel delivery device, a gas generation device, a high temperature combustion chamber, a high temperature steam generation device, a gasification furnace, a pyrolysis chamber, an indirect cooling system, The spray cleaning device, the filtering device, the activated carbon adsorption device, the gas storage device, the decarburization device, the gas supply device, the oxygen supply device, and the generator also include the above-described denitration device.

In one embodiment, an electric vehicle is provided that includes a hybrid power source and a combustion power generation system as described above, the hybrid power source being coupled to the generator.

In one embodiment, an aerostat is provided, including an explosion-proof air bag, a gas pressure regulating pump, and the above-mentioned combustion power generation system. The explosion-proof air bag includes a plurality of independent storage body and a capsule support frame, and the capsule support frame is mutually guided. The tubular structure, the balloon support frame and the air pressure regulating pump and the air bag body form a circulation gas circuit.

According to the denitration process, the combustion power generation process and system, the electric vehicle and the aerostat according to the above embodiments, since the exhaust gas can be introduced into the denitration chamber and the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber for multiple re-combustion combustion, the combustion temperature is controlled and the combustion time is greatly increased. The volume of the flame prolongs the residence time of the exhaust gas in the denitration chamber, fully mixes the flue gas and the reburning fuel, ensures that the impurities such as nitrogen oxides and the reburning fuel effectively react fully, and inhibits the re-generation of impurities such as nitrogen oxides, thereby improving the denitration rate. And after the degassing, the temperature is reduced and the heat energy can be recycled, so that the exhaust gas of the electric vehicle or the aerostat installed with the denitration device and the combustion power generation system is denitrified, and the environmental protection standard is met, and the heat energy generated by the denitration can be recycled. The exhaust heat utilization of the exhaust gas enables the thermal efficiency to reach the limit, which saves energy; the denitration process is more favorable for denitration under high temperature and high pressure, and the smaller the volume of the device, the smaller the miniaturization, so that the denitration device and the combustion power generation system can realize the vehicle.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a flow chart of a denitration process in an embodiment;

Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a denitration device in an embodiment;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion chamber in an embodiment;

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of another combustion chamber in an embodiment;

Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a combustion power generation system in an embodiment;

6 is a schematic structural view of a passage opening of a casing of a combustion power generation system in an embodiment;

Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the structure of a combustion power generation system in another embodiment;

Figure 8 is an anti-crust structure of a gas generating device in an embodiment;

Figure 9 is an anti-crust structure of a cold zone heat exchanger in an embodiment;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a cooling system in an embodiment;

Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of an explosion-proof air bag of an aerostat in an embodiment.

Detailed ways

The present application mainly improves the reburning denitration process, thereby improving the on-board generator set such as the Stirling machine rent and the gasification generator set, including the small combustion heating device, the continuous gasification power generation system, and the biomass gasification power generation process. And the system and other improvements, especially the improvement of its gas purification technology, can be used in the vehicle to realize a portable electric vehicle compatible with biomass pellets, coal and other fuels and self-powered low-cost electric vehicles, and the vehicle generator can A distributed power source or a clean biomass (gas) gas supply source with extremely low power generation costs. The other parts of the car are not much different from the existing hybrid vehicles. For example, the super-capacitor and the power battery are used to form a hybrid power supply for power storage, and the electronic control system is basically unchanged. For an external combustion engine such as a Stirling machine, It mainly solves the problem of combustion pollution and improves the combustion temperature to improve the power generation efficiency. For internal combustion generators such as gasification generator sets, it mainly solves the instability of small gasification system, low heat value of gasification gas, and heavy gas impurities. The big problem of exhaust gas pollution.

In one embodiment, an improvement is made to a small-scale high-temperature combustion process, particularly a re-burning denitration process, and the denitration process mainly performs denitration purification treatment on the flue gas. For the reburning denitration mechanism, reburning fuel such as methane in the combustion process generates a large amount of O, OH radicals and intermediates such as CH3 and CHO in a very short combustion time of about 0.15 seconds, which react with nitric oxide, depending on the reaction conditions. Reduction of nitric oxide or regeneration, control of the extremely short combustion process of intermediates and the mixing and reaction of free radicals with nitric oxide is the key to denitrification.

As shown in Figure 1, the denitration process includes the following steps:

S001: preliminary denitrification;

The flue gas generated by the high temperature combustion chamber is introduced into the combustion passage of the denitration chamber, and the excess high temperature reburning fuel is injected in a certain proportion to reburn the combustion, and the residual oxygen in the exhaust gas is consumed, and the high temperature and low oxygen combustion is organized in the formed reducing atmosphere. The process completes the initial denitrification.

Since there is still a certain amount of oxygen in the high-temperature flue gas (content is higher than 2%), high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion can still be organized, and the residual oxygen in the exhaust gas is basically exhausted first, the initial denitrification in the reducing atmosphere, and the preliminary re-burning fuel is initially mixed. Smoke.

S002: further denitration;

After the initial denitration, as the flue gas moves in the combustion passage, the excess high-temperature reburning fuel is injected again in a predetermined proportion. Under the premise of controlling the total air excess coefficient, high-temperature low-oxygen combustion gas is sequentially injected at different positions of the combustion passage. After one or more high temperature and low oxygen reburning combustion, further denitration is completed.

During this step, the nitrogen oxides are ensured by greatly extending the residence time of the flue gas in the denitration chamber, fully mixing the flue gas with the reburning fuel, controlling the uniform distribution of all flue gas temperatures in the denitration chamber, and strictly controlling the temperature in the optimal non-catalyst denitration temperature range. The impurities are sufficiently reacted with the active component formed by the reburning fuel, and impurities such as nitrogen oxides are prevented from being regenerated, thereby increasing the denitration rate.

After the injection of excessive high-temperature reburning fuel, a reducing atmosphere is formed. Under the premise of controlling the total air excess coefficient, the combustion-supporting high-temperature low-oxygen gas is sprayed in batches, and the high-temperature low-oxygen re-ignition combustion process in the reduction atmosphere is performed to reduce the combustion air oxygen. The content and the combustion air temperature increase to form a high temperature and low oxygen stable combustion to prolong the combustion time and increase the flame volume, control the flue gas temperature in the optimal non-catalytic denitration range, and the flue gas and the combustion gas are well mixed uniformly to further increase the denitration rate; The process can also be organized one or more times to further increase the rate of denitrification.

S003: full combustion;

After further denitrification, the flue gas is introduced into the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber and mixed with high-temperature air into a high-temperature low-oxygen gas. Under the premise of ensuring the air excess coefficient, a proper amount of fuel tissue is injected into the high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion in a single or divided manner, and sufficient Burning and finally completing the denitrification. The recommended oxygen content concentration of the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion air and the exhaust gas injected in this step and the previous step is 5%, and a stable high-temperature low-oxygen combustion is formed.

S004: heat exchange and output heat energy.

After the denitration is completed, the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas is preheated by the heat exchanger to preheat the combustion gas and the fuel gas, and the heat energy is output during the reburning combustion process, and the exhaust gas is purified and discharged.

In the whole denitration process, a certain amount of reburning fuel is added to the denitration chamber and the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber for re-combustion combustion to achieve sufficient reaction. The addition of the reburning fuel depends on the amount of introduction, and the fuel added in the high-temperature combustion chamber can be used as the fuel. Referring to the comparison, after comparison and analysis, it is concluded that the proportion of fuel added in the high-temperature combustion chamber, denitration chamber and high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber should be determined according to different fuels, temperature and reburning fuel types, so that it has the best denitration effect.

In order to achieve the above process, an embodiment provides a denitration device. As shown in FIG. 2, the denitration device mainly includes a denitration chamber 11, a high temperature hypoxia combustion chamber 12, a heat exchanger 13 and a superheater 14, and a denitration chamber 11 The air inlet is connected to the flue gas discharge port of the high temperature combustion chamber, the air inlet of the high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber 12 is connected to the air outlet of the denitration chamber 11, the air inlet of the heat exchanger 13 and the high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber The air outlet of the superheater 14 is connected to the air supply device, and the air inlet of the superheater 14 is also connected to the air outlet of the high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber, so that the exhaust gas after partial denitration is recirculated, The combustion air is mixed into a low-oxygen combustion gas, and the outlet of the superheater 14 is divided into a plurality of pipes connected to the denitration chamber 11 and the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber 12, and the denitration chamber 11 is used for organizing a plurality of quantitative high-temperature low-oxygen combustion for denitration. The high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber 12 is used for organizing one or more excess high-temperature low-oxygen combustion for further denitrification, the heat exchanger for preheating gas such as combustion gas, and for outputting thermal energy, and the superheater 14 for heating low-oxygen combustion gas. The pipe between the superheater 14 and the oxygen supply device is connected to the heat exchanger 13, so that the low-oxygen gas provided by the oxygen supply device can be preheated by the heat exchanger 13 and then heated to a specified high temperature by the superheater 14, thereby saving Energy use.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the denitration chamber 11 has an air inlet and an air outlet. The denitration chamber 11 has a combustion passage 111 of a predetermined length. The combustion passage 111 is separated by a plurality of heat conducting sheets 112, and the heat conductive sheet 112 separates the combustion passage 111 into a labyrinth passage, thereby effectively extending the time during which the exhaust gas is denitrated and reburned. Alternatively, both sides of the thermally conductive sheet 112 are covered with a catalyst for reducing nitrogen oxides.

In the combustion passage 111, a fixed or swingable combustion gas nozzle 113 is sequentially disposed in the direction in which the exhaust gas moves, and the combustion gas nozzle 113 swings into the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion gas in the front-rear direction of the exhaust gas movement. Also provided in the combustion passage 111 is a fuel nozzle for injecting reburning fuel.

The denitration process in the denitration chamber 11 is an endothermic process, so that the thermally conductive sheet 112 is connected to an external heat source to introduce thermal energy into the combustion passage 111.

In order to further improve the heat conduction effect, as shown in FIG. 4, a heat storage body 114 is disposed in the middle of the combustion passage 111, and the heat storage body 114 is also connected to an external heat source, and is connected with the heat conductive sheet 112 to comprehensively control the temperature of the region in which it is located, thereby ensuring the temperature. The combustion passage 111 is thermally input and temperature controlled during combustion.

In the denitration combustion process, if the temperature is too high, the nitrogen oxides are regenerated, so the temperature control device is provided in the denitration chamber 11, and the temperature control device includes a temperature sensor, a temperature lowering device and a heat conducting device, wherein the heat conducting device is the above heat conducting device. The sheet 112 and the regenerator 114, the temperature sensor is installed in the combustion passage 111, the cooling device is a low temperature air circulation pipeline circuit or other cooling device, and the temperature control device can be provided with a controller or connected with an external automatic control system, and the controller is based on the temperature. The temperature signal detected by the sensor is cooled by a valve to control air flow and the like. Therefore, the temperature control device can control the temperature of the flue gas in the optimal non-catalytic denitration temperature range according to the temperature sensing signal by controlling the temperature of the regenerator, adjusting the flue gas input speed, the quantity of the reburning fuel and the temperature, the combustion gas temperature, etc., especially preventing Overheating instead regenerates nitrogen oxides.

The heat conducting sheet 112 is distributed throughout the denitration chamber space to control all flue gas temperatures in the denitration chamber without dead angle, to prevent the local high temperature region from regenerating nitrogen oxides, and also to prevent the local low temperature region from reaching the reducing condition; the heat conducting sheet 112 is arranged to be used for the flue gas. In principle, it is guided by the labyrinth, guiding the flue gas to extend the movement path, increasing the contact area and time with the catalyst, and forming a multi-layered stable leak-proof structure as a whole; the thermal conductive sheet 112 also serves as a drainage sheet. Under the premise of ensuring uniform and stable flow field, the turning is continuously set, and the interval is narrowed and the flow cross section is enlarged, so that the speed and direction of the flue gas are continuously changed to fully mix and contact, and the mixing unevenness is avoided to reduce the denitration rate; the volume of the denitration chamber Set to maximize the flue gas residence time as the principle, for example, stay at least 5 seconds, determine the residence time according to the required denitration rate, calculate the required denitration chamber volume, fully ensure the reaction time of the reducing agent and nitrogen oxides; Amplitude extended residence time, strict control of flue gas temperature in the non-catalytic denitration temperature range, fully mixed Flue gas will ensure adequate contact with a nitrogen oxide reducing agent like the ultimate denitration rate.

Since the combustion time is extremely short, it is not difficult to analyze that the amount of nitrogen oxides involved in the reaction is small, but the reburning fuel actually used for denitration consumes little, and the intermediate product disappears immediately after the end of the combustion process, and the residence time is extended at this time. There is no practical significance for denitrification; therefore it is necessary to organize multiple combustion processes in a reducing atmosphere. After injecting excess high-temperature reburning fuel again, under the premise of controlling the total air excess coefficient and ensuring that the oxygen concentration is above the combustion limit concentration, the reburning combustion gas is injected multiple times, and the combustion gas nozzle can be arranged along the moving path of the flue gas. To achieve, the nozzle distance is calculated from the comprehensive combustion time, mixing time, and smoke movement speed. For example, the combustion time is considered to be 0.3 seconds. After the combustion is completed, the smoke mixing residence time is considered to be 0.6 seconds, and the smoke movement speed is 0.5 meters per second. Then the total time is 0.9 seconds, the moving distance is 0.45 meters, the air nozzle distance is considered to be 0.45 meters; the amount of injected air is also calculated to be above the combustion limit, and within the total air excess coefficient, there are multiple nozzles. The spout is evenly distributed over the entire section. The spout gas ejection speed, the spout position and the injection angle, and the sweep range of the movable spout are calculated and determined by the gas reaching the farthest space of the section before the end of the combustion process to ensure combustion support. The air and the fuel gas in the flue gas are mixed and diffused uniformly to produce the active component intermediates produced during the combustion process. Cloth whole space, and mobilize as much nitrogen oxide participate in the reaction.

In order to prolong the burning time, fully mobilize as much nitric oxide as possible to participate in the reaction, and reburning combustion to a high temperature and low oxygen combustion under a reducing atmosphere is most beneficial for denitrification, so the high temperature combustion air after preheating and a small part from high temperature and low oxygen The high-temperature low-oxygen gas can be used as a high-temperature and low-oxygen gas in the pre-combustion chamber (or in front of the exhaust gas treatment chamber). It is recommended that the oxygen concentration be 5% after mixing, and then sprayed into the high-temperature flue gas mixed with the reburning fuel. The high temperature and low oxygen combustion can be formed, and the combustion flame is elongated and the flame volume is increased throughout the space. The intermediate products generated during the combustion process are distributed throughout the space with the flame, and the nitrogen oxides in the space are forced to participate in the reaction. The high temperature and low oxygen stable combustion also greatly shortens the burning time; this greatly enhances the strength and time of the denitration reaction.

Due to the control of the total air excess coefficient, most of these combustions are reburned and denitrated under high temperature and low oxygen reduction atmosphere. Although the total combustion process is exothermic, the original heating is beneficial to the denitration reaction, but the temperature is also activated by the nitrogen. The degree of contact with high temperature oxygen increases the probability of oxidation to nitrogen oxides, and there is a clear limit in the middle; therefore, various degassing devices can be provided with various types of thermal energy output devices such as air preheaters, superheaters, heat exchangers, etc., which absorb And the output of thermal energy also helps to control and adjust the temperature of the flue gas.

As the number of reburning combustion increases, the surplus fuel is exhausted or even the air is slightly excessive. When it is difficult to continue combustion, if the nitrogen oxide content in the flue gas is still high and fails to meet the requirements, the excess reburning fuel may be injected again, and the organization continues to be organized. Multiple re-combustion combustion; can be realized by arranging one or more fuel nozzles and gas-assisted gas nozzles on the follow-up movement path of the flue gas, and the two nozzles have a plurality of nozzles uniformly distributed over the entire section, and the nozzle gas ejection speed The position of the spout and the angle of the jet, the sweeping range of the movable spout, etc. are all calculated by the flue gas flowing out of the space before the sub-zone reaches the farthest space, or the gas reaches the farthest space of the sub-section before the end of the combustion process. The air (assisted gas) nozzle is calculated and determined from the comprehensive combustion time, mixing time, and smoke velocity.

After the end of the denitration process, the flue gas enters the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, and finally, the excess high-temperature low-oxygen gas is sprayed in a single or one-time process, and the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion is organized, and full combustion is ensured. It can also be mixed with preheated high temperature air or oxygen-enriched air to form high temperature and low oxygen combustion gas, and separately organize high temperature and low oxygen combustion output heat energy.

The exhaust gas is firstly cooled with the air or fuel gas through multiple heat exchangers one by one, and then the temperature is gradually decreased. At this time, the heat exchanger 13 is preferably a rotary heat exchanger, and the heat exchange tail side of the fuel gas is set to a positive pressure. To prevent fuel gas from leaking into the exhaust gas, the heat exchange with the air is reversed; then, the desulfurization operation is performed, for example, when the biomass fuel is used, the ash is richly mixed with the alkali metal or the desulfurization agent, and the desulfurization is also performed, and the diluted alkali water washing or the like may be set. The desulfurization process is then discharged through a dust removal device (which can be used with one or more high temperature bag filters, etc.), which is the same as the prior art. Finally, the purpose of purifying the exhaust gas is achieved.

Among them, if biomass fuel or the like is used, the alkali metal in the flue gas will precipitate after the temperature is lowered, that is, the ash is deposited, so that the non-rotating heat exchanger and the flue gas contact side are designed to prevent the crusting. A mechanical device similar to a scraper is disposed along the entire cross section, and the device performs a linear reciprocating motion to repeatedly wipe the surface in contact with the flue gas to prevent crusting, or a movable protective plate is provided on the surface in contact with the flue gas, and is set as follows The anti-crust structure illustrated in Figure 9 is a relatively simple mechanical technique and will not be described in detail.

The denitrification reaction is mostly an endothermic reaction. Increasing the temperature and increasing the reaction pressure help to increase the reaction rate and promote the denitration reaction. However, increasing the temperature also increases the degree of nitrogen activation and contacts with high temperature oxygen to increase the probability of oxidation to nitrogen oxides. The two reactions need to consider the balance point comprehensively; and because the process of heating the air, denitration and the like takes a long time, the corresponding equipment such as the superheater, the preheater and the denitration chamber under normal pressure is large in size, so as to reduce the volume of the device, the above process The gas pressure in the process can be set to medium and high pressure, thereby increasing the reaction pressure and making the denitration reaction more thorough, and all the equipments such as the combustion chamber, denitration chamber, heat exchanger and superheater are separately or jointly used for high temperature insulation. And pressure-resistant design, which greatly compresses the gas volume and equipment volume, and the gas supply system adds air pump and turbocharger equipment to recover pressure energy; the existing high-temperature medium-high pressure industrial pipeline technology is very mature, and many equipment design parameters can be basically copied.

Preferably, the present application designs the entire combustion chamber as a supercharged combustion furnace. In practical applications, the medium and high pressure combustion design is often combined with other parts of the combustion process system, that is, with the outer casing of the entire combustion system, the pressure resistant design is simultaneously insulated. The sound insulation is combined, so that the whole process is a medium-high pressure combustion process, and the various parts inside do not need to bear the pressure design, but the cost is greatly reduced; and the combustion chamber adopts the supercharged combustion technology similar to the micro-charged boiler, which is greatly Improve the efficiency of thermal energy utilization and reduce the size of the complete equipment to the vehicle.

If clean fuel is used, or the gas is purified, the flue gas does not contain sulfides, smoke and other impurities that are toxic to the heat storage material, and the regenerative high-temperature air combustion technology can be directly used to improve the thermal efficiency to the extreme. It can be configured with a reversing valve, a regenerative high-temperature combustion nozzle, etc., or it can simultaneously retain two sets of systems. When using different fuels, it can be freely switched to different combustion systems as needed. For example, if unpurified gas is used, the flue gas is passed into the ordinary The burner is mixed with high-temperature air to organize high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion; if it is cleaned, the exhaust gas does not pass through the air preheater, but directly enters the regenerative burner to exchange heat with the air, and the corresponding pipeline valve is closed.

The above-mentioned denitration device is slightly different in different applications, but the overall configuration is basically unchanged, and it is widely used in small combustion, power generation, and gas supply systems, especially in-vehicle systems.

In one embodiment, a combustion power generation system is provided. The combustion power generation system is a typical high temperature combustion system, and a high temperature combustion system for burning biomass particles is taken as an example.

As shown in FIG. 5, the combustion power generation system mainly includes a fuel delivery device 21, a gas generating device 22, a high temperature desulfurization chamber 23, a gas cracking chamber 24, a high temperature combustion chamber 25, a thermal energy output device 26, a generator 27, and the above denitration device. And also include auxiliary devices. Wherein, the delivery device 21, the gas generating device 22, the high temperature desulfurization chamber 23, the gas cracking chamber 24 and the high temperature combustion chamber 25 are sequentially connected, and the high temperature combustion chamber 25 is connected to the thermal energy output device 26 and the generator 28, respectively, and the high temperature combustion chamber 25 The exhaust gas discharge port is connected to the intake port of the denitration chamber 11 of the denitration device.

The combustion power generation system further includes a gas supply device, an oxygen supply device, and a pressurization device. The gas supply device 27 is connected to the heat exchanger 13 of the denitration device, and is connected to each combustion chamber through a superheater 14 through a pipe. Auxiliary devices include auxiliary devices such as meters, pipes, and valves.

When designed according to the medium-high pressure process, the entire high-temperature combustion power generation system is wrapped in a pressure-resistant casing. The structure and parameters of the pressure-resistant casing refer to the design of the chemical pressure-resistant container, and the high-pressure air pump and the turbocharger are used to press the air outside the casing. Or oxygen-enriched air is forced into the housing.

Since the system is a medium-high pressure system, the pressure-resistant casing is provided with a passage port for introducing fuel and removing the ash. The passage port is provided with two valves, and the two valves have a space for transitioning out or moving into the ash box. As shown in FIG. 6, the passage opening of the pressure resistant casing 20 is L-shaped, and is provided with a first valve 20a and a second valve 20b. The ash box 20c is removed by closing the first valve 20a and opening the second valve 20b. The tank 20c is moved between the first valve 20a and the second valve 20b, then the second valve 20b is closed, and the first valve 20a is opened to move the ash box 20c out. The process of adding fuel is the reverse of the above process of removing ash.

The gas generating device 22 still follows the existing semi-gasification biomass pellet burner technology, and the automatic filling, including filling, ignition, air inlet, slag, automatic control module and other devices are not described in detail; gasification agent (regardless of Air or oxygen-enriched gas is also preheated into a high-temperature gas to further ensure high-temperature air gasification; however, because it is a small device, in order to prevent flameout or unstable operation, a control device for controlling the gasification cracking reaction, that is, a gas generating device, is provided. Adding a heat storage block connected to the external heat source (and heat conduction, the external heat source can be a high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber), setting a temperature sensor, and a cooling fluid circulation structure (generally, a low temperature air circulation branch pipe), according to a temperature change signal Control, including but not limited to adjusting the gasification agent flow rate, temperature and other parameters, control the gasification temperature within a limited range, regulate heat balance, and ensure stable operation.

The high-temperature crude gas enters the high-temperature desulfurization chamber 23, and the high-temperature desulfurization chamber 23 is divided into a plurality of relatively small, mutually communicating portions by a heat-conducting plate made of a heat-conducting material (a material having good thermal conductivity such as heat-resistant steel, silicon carbide, etc.), and It is connected with the heat storage body to introduce heat energy, and at the same time, the heat storage body is stored and stored to ensure the indoor gas temperature; the heat conductive plate is covered with a high-temperature desulfurizer, which can absorb hydrogen sulfide and the like, remove the sulfide in the crude gas, and perform high-temperature desulfurization. Recycling design, because the use of high sulfur content of fuel such as coal, heavy oil and other desulfurization tasks is very heavy; thermal plate layout principle is to guide the crude gas to extend the movement path, increase the contact area and time with high temperature desulfurizer; Multi-layered and stable leak-proof structure prevents explosion and even explosion due to gas leakage. The heat conducting plate also serves as a draining piece, and the turning and spacing are continuously set to expand the flow cross section, so that the gas speed and direction are constantly changed to fully mix and contact, and the mixing value is avoided to cause the heating value to fluctuate. Set temperature control device: equipped with temperature sensor, and has low temperature air circulation pipeline circuit or other cooling design, according to the temperature signal to control the air flow through the valve to achieve cooling, and at the same time set the heat storage body connected with the external heat source and the corresponding heat conduction plate and other structures The heat is introduced through the heat storage body; the temperature of the heat storage body is controlled to control the temperature of the crude gas within the optimal desulfurization temperature range.

After the preliminary desulfurization, the high-temperature crude gas enters the gas cracking chamber 24, and the gas cracking chamber 24 is divided into a plurality of relatively small, mutually connected heat conducting plates made of a heat conductive material (a material having good thermal conductivity such as heat resistant steel, silicon carbide, etc.). The part is connected with the heat storage body to introduce heat energy, and at the same time, the heat storage body is stored and stored to ensure the indoor gas temperature; the heat conductive plate is covered with a catalyst, and the residual tar can be cracked at a high temperature; the heat conduction plate is arranged to guide the coarse gas to extend the movement as much as possible. The path increases the contact area and time with the catalyst; at the same time, a multi-layered and stable leak-proof structure is formed as a whole to prevent deflagration or explosion due to gas leakage. The heat conducting plate also serves as a draining piece, and the turning and spacing are continuously set to expand the flow cross section, so that the gas speed and direction are constantly changed to fully mix and contact, and the mixing value is avoided to cause the heating value to fluctuate. Set temperature control device: equipped with temperature sensor, and has low temperature air circulation pipeline circuit or other cooling design, according to the temperature signal to control the air flow through the valve to achieve cooling, and at the same time set the heat storage body connected with the external heat source and the corresponding heat conduction plate and other structures The heat is introduced through the heat storage body; the temperature of the heat storage body is controlled to control the temperature of the crude gas within the optimum cracking temperature range.

After the crude gas is further heated and cracked tar, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and preliminary desulfurization, a part of which enters the high temperature combustion chamber 25, and is combusted with high temperature air (or oxygen-enriched air) which has been preheated and appropriately controlled by an excess coefficient. Also, a heat output device is provided in the furnace, including a thermal energy output technique such as a heat transfer oil furnace, a thermally conductive molten salt or a heat storage structure, such as conducting heat to the hot end of the Stirling machine.

The high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the denitration device, and the structure and denitration process of the denitration device are as described above.

The air in the air supply device 27 is simply filtered from the inlet, and the pressurized request is first passed through a pressurizing pump or a turbocharger device, and then into the gas supply pipe, and some of the pipe branches are respectively led to the denitration chamber 11 The heat exchanger at the corresponding position in the high temperature cracking chamber 24, the gas generating device 22, the high temperature combustion chamber 25, etc., obtains the temperature overrun signal and then controls the air flow through the relevant valve to rapidly cool and control the temperature within a predetermined range; then the air passes through the design One or more heat exchangers in the exhaust gas are heated step by step, and then calcined in a superheater set in a high-temperature low-oxygen combustion furnace to reach a predetermined temperature; and further can be exchanged in a high-temperature combustion chamber and its exhaust gas. The heat exchanger and the superheater are therefore at a high temperature, so the temperature is raised again; after the air is gradually heated to a preset temperature, it is respectively sent to a gas generating device (high temperature air gasification), a high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber, and a high temperature combustion chamber.

The oxygen supply device for regulating the oxygen concentration may be an oxygen-rich membrane or a waste gas obtained by utilizing exhaust gas residual heat and residual pressure variable temperature pressure swing adsorption, and the oxygen supply device is connected to the pipeline of the oxygen supply device.

For the external combustion engine system such as the vehicle Stirling unit, the combustion system is mainly improved by combining the high-temperature air combustion technology, so that the combustion temperature is greatly improved, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the Stirling generator set and eliminating the exhaust gas pollution, and recovering the exhaust heat. Improve thermal efficiency.

In another embodiment, another combustion power generation system is provided. The combustion power generation system is mainly directed to a small gasification cracking combustion and power generation process, such as an on-board gasification generator set.

Taking biomass steam gasification as an example, major improvements in the process include but are not limited to:

S1, through the micro-gas generating device that accesses the external heat source and can regulate the reaction temperature, ensures high-temperature gasification, cracking reaction to generate medium and high calorific value crude gas, and sets high-temperature combustion furnace as external heat source; controls gasification temperature and outlet temperature at 900 degrees Above 1000 degrees, it prevents methane cracking and ensures the proportion of methane and other components in the crude gas that can be used as reburning fuel.

S2, the crude gas is pyrolyzed and purified under a certain temperature and pressure, and the cracking temperature is controlled between 900 and 1000 degrees; and the mixture is evenly mixed to prevent sudden changes in the heating value;

S3, crude gas and gasification agent (water) indirect heat exchange preliminary cooling, preliminary filtration and dust removal, while heating to produce water vapor (gasification agent), water vapor is heated by a heater to a certain temperature and then sent to the gas as a gasification agent Device

S5, one to more dilute alkali water (diluted sodium carbonate solution) to wash desulfurization, dust removal, and the crude gas continues to be evenly mixed;

S6, the crude gas is washed by one or more low-volatility solvents which are compatible with the tar organic matter to remove tar and impurities;

S7, activated carbon adsorption layer desulfide, tar and other impurities;

S8, the crude gas is sent to the gas storage chamber for dehydration and decarbonization, and the mixture is evenly mixed, and then pressurized and sent to the generator set to generate electricity;

S9. The degassing chamber of the generator set exhaust gas is connected to the high temperature combustion furnace. The reburning denitration process of the present application is applied to the high temperature and low oxygen combustion furnace as a mixed flue gas.

In the above process, the washing oil agent, the dilute alkali water, the high-temperature desulfurizing agent, the activated carbon and the like are regenerated by using the high-temperature superheated steam produced by the self-recovery; and the entire process reaction pressure can be controlled under the medium-high pressure gas pressure to greatly reduce the nitrogen. Oxide reacts to extreme concentrations and reduces equipment volume.

In order to perform the above process, as shown in FIG. 7, the small gasification combustion power generation system is mainly composed of a fuel delivery device 31, a high temperature combustion chamber 32, a high temperature steam generating device 33, a gas generating device 34, and an indirect cooling system 35. The spray cleaning device 36, the filtering device 37, the activated carbon adsorption device 38, the gas storage device 39, the decarburization device 40, the generator 41, and the above-described denitration device. Wherein, the fuel delivery device 31 is connected to the high temperature combustion chamber 32, and the gas generating device 34 includes a connected gasification furnace 34a and a high temperature cracking chamber 34b. The gasification furnace 34a is connected to the high temperature combustion chamber 32 and the high temperature steam generating device 33, and is pyrolyzed. The chamber 34b is connected to the indirect cooling system 35, and the indirect cooling system 35, the spray cleaning device 36, the filtering device 37, the gas storage device 39 and the generator 41 are sequentially connected, and the activated carbon adsorption device 38 and the decarburization device 40 can be disposed in the gas storage device. The intake port of 39 is installed in the gas storage device 39, and the exhaust gas discharge port of the high temperature combustion chamber 33 is connected to the denitration chamber of the denitration device.

The combustion power generation system further comprises an auxiliary device, a gas supply device, an oxygen supply device and a pressure device, the auxiliary device comprises a meter, a water treatment device and a pipeline, and the gas supply device is respectively connected with each combustion chamber for providing combustion gas and oxygen supply. The device is connected to a pipeline of the gas supply device, and the pressurizing device is installed on the gas supply device and the oxygen supply pipe for pressurizing the low-oxygen air or the oxygen-enriched air.

When designed according to the medium-high pressure process, the entire high-temperature combustion power generation system is wrapped in a pressure-resistant casing. The structure and parameters of the pressure-resistant casing refer to the design of the chemical pressure-resistant container, and the high-pressure air pump and the turbocharger are used to press the air outside the casing. Or oxygen-enriched air is forced into the housing. Since the system is a medium-high pressure system, the pressure-resistant casing is provided with a passage port for introducing fuel and removing the ash. The passage port is provided with two valves, and the two valves have a space for transitioning out or moving into the ash box. The specific structure is consistent with the above-described combustion power generation system.

The gas generating device 32 is composed of one or more generating furnaces (gasification, pyrolysis furnace or kettle), and the reaction temperature is difficult to control in order to overcome the stability of the small gasification furnace (tank). As a result, the system is unstable and the gasification value of the gasification gas is reduced, and the impurity content is increased. The introduction of the external heat source is a solution, and the heat storage body is provided to regulate the heat energy change, and is connected with the external heating source, that is, the high temperature combustion furnace, and the high temperature combustion furnace is connected. The heat energy is introduced into the generator (reactor); the temperature sensor is provided, and the cooling fluid circulation circuit is provided, (the low temperature air pipeline circuit can be used), the cooling fluid flow is controlled by the valve to achieve cooling; the temperature control device is set, and the temperature is automatically changed according to the temperature. Signal adjustment of various parameters can control the gasification or cracking temperature in the optimal temperature range, thus ensuring high temperature pyrolysis or gasification (whether high temperature air gasification or high temperature steam gasification or high temperature oxygen gas gasification) Increasing the calcination value of gasification gas and cracking gas; adjusting the reaction temperature between 900 and 1200 degrees in the vehicle gasification power generation system (to prevent the methane cracking from lowering the calorific value) Control 1000 degrees); temperature control system is provided to monitor and control reaction parameters corresponding external heat source, so that the system running smoothly.

In order to prevent the occurrence of furnace crusting, as shown in Fig. 8, a plurality of heat conducting sheets 32a and pushing rods 32b are provided in the generating furnace of the gas generating device 32, and a plurality of scraping blades 32c are provided on the pushing rod 32b to push the fuel. At the same time, the wall surface 32d of the scraper is cleaned, and when the fuel is pushed through the heat conducting sheet 39 connected to the external heat source, it is easily divided by the high temperature heat conducting sheet, and the high temperature blade is divided into wood, etc., and some large-sized fuels are crushed to be compatible. The required size.

The high-temperature combustion chamber, the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, the denitration chamber, and the like are independently assembled in a high-temperature combustion furnace, wherein the high-temperature combustion chamber is normally burned and even rich in oxygen and high-temperature combustion, and the air excess coefficient is controlled; the combustion of the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber The air is exchanged with the exhaust gas through the preheater to reach a predetermined heating temperature, and can also be heated to a predetermined high temperature through a conveying pipe and a superheater placed in the high temperature combustion chamber or itself; the other high temperature output device of the high temperature combustion furnace is here. No longer described.

For the process of feeding the generator after the subsequent crude gas purification, the engine exhaust gas in the generator set is connected to the denitration chamber of the denitration device, and the denitration chamber is first re-ignited and denitrated in the denitration chamber. The specific process has no major difference as described above. As a mixed high-temperature and low-oxygen clean combustion of flue gas, and the use of double preheating regenerative high-temperature air combustion technology, the heat recovery of the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber exhaust gas can be maximized, that is, the regenerative high-temperature combustion furnace is reduced or even eliminated. This part of the high temperature combustion chamber. Since the amount of engine exhaust is often large, it is necessary to consider using an oxygen generator to increase the oxygen content so as not to be below the lower combustion limit.

The crude gas enters the gas cracking chamber, and the gas cracking chamber divides the heat conducting plate made of a heat conductive material (a material having good thermal conductivity such as heat resistant steel, silicon carbide, etc.) into a plurality of relatively small, mutually connected portions, and an external heat source. The connection introduces heat energy, and at the same time, the heat storage body is stored and stored to ensure the gas temperature in the cabinet; the heat-conducting plate is covered with cheap catalyst such as ferrous oxide particles, and the residual tar can be cracked at a high temperature; the principle of the heat-conducting plate is to guide the coarse gas to extend the movement as much as possible. The path increases the contact area and time of the gas in the movement with the catalyst; for example, according to the labyrinth arrangement, a multi-layer semi-sealed structure can be formed; and at the same time, a plurality of solid and leakproof structures are formed as a whole to prevent deflagration or explosion due to gas leakage. The spacing is reduced, the flow cross section is enlarged, and the gas velocity is constantly changed to fully mix and contact. These designs are also diversified and will not be described here. It is also possible to adopt an electromagnetic heating design or the like for further increasing the gas temperature. The temperature sensor is arranged inside, and there is a low temperature air pipeline loop, and the air flow is controlled by the valve to achieve cooling, so that the temperature can be controlled in an optimal temperature range; in the vehicle gasification power generation system, the cracking temperature is controlled between 900 degrees and 1200 degrees, (In order to prevent methane cracking, the calorific value is generally controlled below 1000 °C); after exiting the gas cracking chamber, it can also choose to initially cool to a certain temperature (high temperature desulfurizer desulfurization working temperature range) and then enter the high temperature desulfurization chamber for desulfurization operation, high temperature desulfurization The chamber structure is also basically as described above.

The high-temperature steam generating device can be modeled after the micro-steam boiler, which has a cooling heat exchanger modeled after the economizer and heat exchange with the crude gas and cools it, and a superheater that generates high-temperature steam and waste generated by the roasting spray liquid. The calciner, etc., safety valves, steam traps, etc. are not described again, but the corresponding improvements such as adding water to soften but not excluding the water supplement containing the tar chemical composition, water vapor together with the impurity gas can be sent to the superheater to generate high temperature Steam to ensure steam vaporization process, superheater, calciner can be designed to easily open the inspection and cleaning structure, and high-temperature pipeline to transport high-temperature steam and roasting waste into the furnace.

The high-temperature steam generating device is also connected with the high-temperature combustion furnace to receive heat to ensure steam production; and the steam is designed to recover part of the power, and the obtained power can be directly output to the compressor of the waste heat refrigeration system or connected to other equipment; and the high-temperature steam discharged After being heated by the superheater to a preset temperature, it is passed as a gasifying agent to the gas generating device. Since the high temperature superheated steam is only heated by the superheater, it is difficult to prepare, so the superheater is preferably combined with the regenerative burner of the high temperature combustion furnace (high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber), in which a separate heat exchanger, steam can be specially provided. The pipeline sends water vapor into the heat exchanger and the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through the heat storage material, and the high-temperature steam is easily produced. The high-temperature steam is sent to the gas generating device through the high-temperature steam pipeline, and the pipeline is sent to the required The high-temperature desulfurization chamber, the activated carbon adsorption chamber, the spray purification device, etc., which perform regeneration operation with high-temperature steam, open the corresponding valve to supply superheated steam during the regeneration operation of the corresponding desulfurizing agent, sodium carbonate solution, activated carbon, and the like.

The gas enters the indirect cooling system from the gas cracking chamber. The indirect cooling system includes a cooling heat exchanger, an air preheater, an air cooling device, a forced cooling device, etc., and the common feature is that the crude gas does not contact the heat exchange fluid, and indirectly exchanges heat. No wastewater is produced and there is no corresponding wastewater treatment process.

First enter the cooling heat exchanger connected to the high-temperature steam. The structure of the cooling heat exchanger is basically similar to that of the existing economizer, including the economizer technology using heat transfer oil and thermal melting salt technology. More specifically described.

Here, the cooling heat exchanger is prone to ash accumulation due to the temperature drop, so the anti-crust design can be used to set the upstream fins perpendicular to the direction of the coarse gas moving speed at the inlet of the crude gas, and at the same time guide the air-cooling device. A small part (for example, a quarter) of cold gas is mixed with it, and a certain area space is left in front to become a position where the crude gas speed is slowed down and mixed, and the coarse gas is mixed here to eliminate the sudden change of the heating value. And because the speed is slower and the temperature drops sharply, it becomes the main crusting position; the anti-crust structure is set on the surface of the facing fins, for example, the cleaning scraper is provided, the scraping is uninterrupted, and the scraping waste is sent to the dust removal. The equipment is handled together, which solves the problem of very headaches.

Or set the blade fixed, the surface of the facing fin is provided with a movable protective plate made of a heat-conductive and wear-resistant material covering the surface of the fin, as shown in Fig. 9, the air inlet of the cold zone heat exchanger is provided with a vertical type The fin 35a has a movable protective plate 35b attached to the surface of the fin 35a. The protective plate 35b is provided with a plurality of fixedly spaced apart blades 35c on the other side of the fin 35a. The protective plate 35b is tightly coupled with the fin 35a. The heat conduction is good, the casing of the protection plate 35b passing through the cold zone heat exchanger is connected with the push-pull mechanism 35d, the push-pull mechanism 35d is used for pushing and pulling the protection plate 35b, and the blade 35c can automatically wipe the protection plate 35b to ensure that the push-pull distance is greater than The spacing of the blade 35c is arranged to ensure that the knot is cleaned; a removable sealing film is provided at the joint of the protective plate through the housing of the cooling heat exchanger and the push-pull mechanism to ensure a simple seal, and the seal is soft. The film can be taken out for inspection; the same can be similarly designed for the blade, and the housing of the cooling heat exchanger is further provided with a hole corresponding to the blade and used for cleaning the blade, specifically, in the longitudinal and lateral directions. The corresponding position of the blade is left with the blade Scribe grooves wire hole, push and pull respectively the vertical and horizontal blade scrapers may be another; this is a relatively simple mechanical design, the remainder will not be described in detail.

The crude gas is initially cooled to a certain temperature below (according to the relevant boiler economizer technology, it is expected to be cooled to 300 degrees or less), and a dust removal device is provided at the exit, such as one or more high-temperature bag dust removal equipment.

The crude gas enters the air preheater after being filtered by the high-temperature bag filter, and exchanges heat with the air. The preheated air is finally entered into the combustion furnace. If the temperature is still high, an air-cooling device may be added to further reduce the temperature and preheat the air. The air-cooling device can be combined into one, which is to speed up the air intake speed, and some hot air can not be removed.

Next, the crude gas enters the forced cooling device and is cooled to a temperature below a defined temperature; the structure of the device is basically the same as the prior art, and the fluid for heat exchange can be selected from fresh water, that is, a gas-liquid heat exchange device, and is connected with the refrigeration device to accelerate heat exchange. Speed, the core equipment can be waste heat refrigeration equipment, part of the compressor power can also be provided by the aforementioned high-temperature steam power, or the temperature difference is small, the thermoelectric power generation piece using the waste heat power generation and the thermoelectric refrigeration sheet, and the rest is basically similar to the prior art. The refrigeration unit is simultaneously connected to the subsequent spray device to cool the spray liquid or spray the solvent. The crude gas is indirectly cooled by the heat exchanger and the refrigerant (no waste water is generated), and the rest of the details are the same as the existing cooling technology; after the gas is cooled to a certain temperature (for example, 30 degrees of condensation of most of the tar) is entered into the next step. Process.

For larger installations where natural cold sources are available, the cooling process can also be designed as follows:

The cooling system is designed with high-efficiency fluid drag reduction technology. As shown in Fig. 10, the main device comprises a container body and a cylindrical container, 51, the container body has a cooling liquid 52, and the cylindrical container 51 is a large cylindrical structure, which is immersed in In the cooling liquid 52 which is provided with a forced cooling by the cooling system, the cylindrical container 51 is provided with a rotating shaft 55 and a vane 53, and the vane 53 has a plurality of vanes 53 uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 55, and the vane 53 is suspended for filtering. The film, the blade 53 which rotates at a high speed, is inserted into the gas in the cylindrical container 51 to divide it into a plurality of closed spaces to substantially eliminate the fluid shape resistance. The cylindrical container 51 has N (several) layers of individually rotatable and concentric cylindrical walls 54, and the thin-walled cylindrical wall 54 of the N-layer gradient moving at a certain speed reduces the fluid frictional resistance and energy consumption to one of the original N2 Therefore, the centrifugal separation at high speed is extremely low in energy consumption. A cooling spray liquid is introduced into the rotating shaft 55, and a liquid such as atomized water or vegetable oil is sprayed into the gas to rapidly cool the gas and wash away impurities such as dust and tar; meanwhile, the gas rotates at a high speed, and the condensed tar is continuously cooled. After the impurities, the centrifugal force separates the condensed tar particles and the dust, the cooling spray liquid, and the like, and then closes to the outer wall of the main device; the cylindrical wall 54 is respectively provided with a scraping structure such as a blade and a groove to automatically scrape the deposited impurities; The cooling spray liquid is simply filtered, separated and cooled and regenerated into a loop; a filter membrane is placed on the blade to allow the required gas to pass through and to the next step after the temperature has dropped to a defined temperature, which simplifies the entire process.

The gas enters the spray purification device, which is basically similar to the prior art. The device can be composed of a fluid pump, a bubble tube, a shower head, etc., and the spray liquid regeneration has a simple filtering, clarification, and distillation separation device, which will not be described herein.

Different spray liquids can be selected according to different process requirements. The gas will rise from the bottom to the top, first bubbling out from the low temperature spray liquid, reducing the gas temperature and removing some impurities such as dust and tar; after the spray liquid emerges Spraying, further cooling and removing ash and condensing impurities; the spray liquid is forcedly cooled by the refrigeration system to ensure that it is lower than the limit temperature; the spray liquid can be regenerated into the circulation after simple treatment, and the waste generated by the spray liquid regeneration treatment is sent The gas generating system or a special calciner is calcined, and the calcined product is also sent to the gas generating system. The replaced spray liquid can also be directly or indirectly converted into power generation raw materials, and does not produce waste that needs to be treated separately; if the fuel used has a high sulfur content (for example, coal), the gas contains a large amount of hydrogen sulfide, etc., and the spray liquid The product such as sodium sulfide is generated, and can be regenerated by superheated steam to regenerate sodium carbonate, and the hydrogen sulfide gas precipitated in the upper part is separately recovered and treated, and the spray liquid is recirculated.

Steam steam gasification power generation and other processes with high-temperature steam demand, the spray liquid is preferred to fresh water, and the sodium carbonate solution is added to become dilute alkali water, the hydrogen sulfide in the gas can be removed, and the diluted alkali water can be used at high temperature. The superheated steam of the steam generation system is heated, so that the generated product such as sodium sulfide is reduced to sodium carbonate for recycling; the tar-containing wastewater only needs to be allowed to stand at a certain time or simply centrifuged, and the solid impurities are filtered and the upper tar is removed. The remaining aqueous solution can be regenerated into the spray purification system, and the obtained organic waste is sent to the calciner, and the calcined gas product is sent to the gas generating system, and the remaining coke is sent to the generating furnace together with the raw material; the periodically replaced wastewater is softened and sent to the high temperature steam. The water consumed by the system is replenished. (The high-temperature steam generation system is designed with reference to the micro-boiler technology, but has been improved accordingly), and the high-temperature steam is introduced into the reaction furnace.

The spray liquid may also preferably be a solvent having low volatility and compatibility with organic impurities such as tar to be removed, for example, selecting a vegetable oil having better fluidity, and taking peanut oil as an example, a demulsifier or ethanol may be blended to improve fluidity. After the forced cooling of the peanut oil, the dust, tar and other impurities in the gas are washed away, and the solid impurities can be filtered out by using a simple filtering device during regeneration, and the dissolved tar can be slowly volatilized and separated by standing and heating to a certain temperature. The obtained solid impurities and gaseous products are sent to the gas generating device for gasification or cracking; the periodically replaced vegetable oil can be directly used as the fuel for power generation of the on-board power generation system, for example, sent to a generator (gas generating system) for pyrolysis and gasification into fuel. No need to deal with waste grease separately.

In the spray purification process, at least one to a plurality of dilute alkali water or a vegetable oil washing bubbling bath may be selected as needed, and the different processes may be freely combined.

Although the above process has better effect in removing hydrogen sulfide, but the desulfurization rate can not be reached very high, so at least one activated carbon adsorption is set, the gas input temperature and speed are controlled to reach the optimal adsorption condition of activated carbon, and the activated carbon adsorbs residual tar. In addition to substances, it can be used as a catalyst to remove residual hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur, which can be completely purified. After the activated carbon is saturated, the superheated steam generated by the high-temperature steam generating device can be used to regenerate the steam containing sulfur in the regeneration process. Cooling in the system's spray solution, sulfur elemental precipitation, (cooling device to ensure temperature stability), simple filtration and separation can be taken out of sulfur recovery.

The purified gas can also be passed to a storage device, and a decarburization device is arranged in the storage device (storage tank) to further remove carbon dioxide to increase the calorific value, and at the same time, the water can be removed, and the quick-drying and heat-renewable quicklime and soda lime can be used. As a desulfurization and dehydration agent, for example, calcium hydroxide is converted into calcium carbonate, and can be regenerated by simple heating, and carbon dioxide gas and water vapor can be directly discharged into the atmosphere.

The above spray cleaning device can be set one or more according to different process requirements, and can be freely combined until the gas purification requirement is reached; the refrigeration device can also be combined into one or more; finally, one or more filtration adsorptions can be further set. The filter system of the device is sent to the corresponding generator set and high-temperature combustion furnace; the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the generator set enters the high-temperature combustion furnace. If the exhaust gas temperature is too low, the exhaust gas can be heated first, then enter the denitration chamber, and the excess fuel is injected first. The reducing atmosphere and the preset temperature are re-ignited and denitrated; then mixed with high-temperature air to dilute the oxygen concentration, and organize high-temperature low-oxygen combustion (flameless combustion).

In one embodiment, an aerostat is provided. The aerostat includes an airship, a hot air balloon, etc. With the development of aerogel insulation and thermal insulation material technology, a lightweight thermal insulation capsule has become possible, and the aerogel bulk density is about Three times the air, however, less than one centimeter thick aerogel insulation can make the inner side of the 1000 degree high temperature gas only about 100 degrees on the other side, such as 1100 degrees high temperature gas, exhaust gas or other gas about 0.25 kg per cubic meter. Left and right, the buoyancy is about 1 kg, which is only slightly lower than hydrogen (1.2 kg) and helium (1.1 kg). It is about 80%-90% of the buoyancy provided by hydrogen and helium, so it is filled with high temperature gas. The heat-insulating capsule coated with the aerogel insulation material has the same function as the buoyancy airbag. When the device used in the present application is used for an air vehicle such as an airship, not only does it not require a small volume, but the volume of various high-temperature gases is required to be more Large, all kinds of stays as long as possible, so there are completely different designs, but must solve the problems of explosion protection, thermal insulation and so on.

The aerostat of the present application has the function of explosion-proof and heat insulation, and the aerostat mainly comprises an explosion-proof air bag, a gas pressure regulating pump and the above-mentioned combustion power generation system.

As shown in Figure 11, the wall of the explosion-proof airbag is made of heat-resistant material such as heat-resistant silicone. If it is required for insulation, it is covered with light insulation material such as aerogel insulation. The explosion-proof airbag includes several independent storage. The air bag 61 and the capsule support frame 62 are made of a lightweight pipe and are used with various types of gas pressure regulating pumps (at least one standby) for generating gas pressure (positive pressure or negative pressure), a storage body, etc. The connection forms a complete gas delivery circulation loop and forms a network of interconnected three-dimensional pipelines, which ensures that the gas is circulated to each designated position even if there is more disconnection, thereby serving as a gas pressure regulating mechanism in the airbag.

The reservoir body includes a plurality of flammable gas capsules 61a for storing flammable gas and a plurality of non-combustible capsules 61b for storing non-combustible gas, and the flammable gas capsules are surrounded by one or more layers of non-combustible capsules, and each layer The reservoir body is divided into at least one independently enclosed plenum. Therefore, it is separated from a combustion-supporting body such as air or pure oxygen or a capsule containing a combustion-supporting gas to prevent leakage and the like.

Further, the pressure regulating mechanism ensures that the pressure of the non-combustible capsule is slightly higher than the pressure of the flammable gas capsule, and if there is leakage, the micro-positive pressure is ensured, the leakage of the flammable gas is small, and it is diluted to the limit of combustion and explosion. And micro-positive pressure causes the micro-combustible gas to slowly press into the flammable gas capsule, thereby preventing leakage of flammable gas. Each individual capsule or air chamber is provided with at least one control valve, and the control valve is automatically opened and closed according to a preset signal to suck or press the corresponding gas to perform air pressure regulation; according to flammable, non-combustible, combustion-supporting classification The gas of different nature has an independent air pressure adjusting mechanism and maintains a certain pressure for a long time.

A further solution is that each of the independent capsules and the air chamber is provided with a spare bag, and after the capsule or the air chamber is damaged, the control valve injects gas into the spare bag to replace the damaged capsule or the air chamber; It can also be designed to double as an inspection pipeline, and the maintenance robot transports a new spare bag along the inspection pipeline to each designated position to perform a preset automatic repair procedure.

Therefore, the gas cracking chamber, the high temperature desulfurization chamber, the air preheater, the flue gas denitration chamber, the exhaust gas heat exchange chamber, the exhaust gas treatment chamber, etc. corresponding to the process described in the present application on the aerostat can be designed according to the structure of the explosion-proof capsule. The design includes a hydrogen balloon and an explosion-proof airbag, making it ideal for use in aerospace products such as high-speed solar airships.

The above-mentioned combustion device, gasification and cracking device can be used alone as a stove compatible with biomass fuel and coal, or as a small gasification power generation device, or as a biogas centralized gas supply station improvement technology, and the like.

After the electric vehicle is equipped with the on-board power generation system of the present application, the shortcomings of the unstable operation of the small system can be overcome, and the electric vehicle including the pure electric vehicle can overcome the defects of long charging time and short cruising range, and the electric heavy truck which is difficult to use the charging pile technology to continue the life. The electric drive system can basically adopt the existing technology, and the power supply solution can be configured by using a super capacitor and a power battery to form a hybrid power supply to meet the requirements of starting, accelerating, climbing, etc., and the main power is supplemented by the vehicle generator. The program to design a variety of electric vehicles.

The application and the device completely solve the problems of small-scale high-temperature combustion system and small gasification power generation system running stability and gas and exhaust gas purification in the on-board biomass gasification power generation system, and the structure is compact, the process is simple, and the price is low, especially Can use zero-carbon fuel (renewable biomass fuel, etc.), use biomass-fueled high-temperature combustion heating stoves, small power generation systems including automotive generators such as low-speed electric vehicles, electric heavy trucks, electro-hydraulic excavators, agricultural vehicles And large machinery that requires an independent power source has a very broad application prospect.

The following describes the specific implementation:

Embodiment 1:

An electric car system Tesla MOLDEII has been modified to eliminate the large-capacity 80-degree power battery, modified 25KW Stirling generator set (25 degrees per hour), and a super capacitor equivalent to about 4 degrees of capacity. The hybrid power supply composed of the power battery ensures the power storage; the original power battery is about 600 kg, while the Stirling generator is about 400 kg, and the combustion system gains 100 kg. The quality of the modification is slightly reduced after the modification; the size of the vehicle is basically not Change, but due to the use of atmospheric combustion technology, the main increase is the volume of the denitration chamber, the total volume increased by about 200 liters; because the unit price of the 25 kW Stirling machine is 200,000, the sales price increases by about 30,000-50,000 yuan.

The combustion chamber of the Stirling generator set uses a small gasification combustion device designed and modified according to the automatic biomass burner described in the present application. The combustion device of the combustion device is made of heat-resistant steel and one end is connected to the hot end of the Stirling machine. The heat energy is output, one end extends into the gasifier to introduce heat into the high-temperature gasification; the combustion chamber is divided into a high-temperature combustion chamber, a denitration chamber, and a high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, wherein the high-temperature combustion chamber is normally burned and even rich in oxygen and high-temperature combustion, and the air is controlled. The excess coefficient reduces the oxygen content in the high-temperature flue gas; the flue gas is introduced into the denitration chamber, and the denitration chamber is actually a controllable combustion chamber. The denitration chamber is provided with a large number of thermal conductive sheets, fuel and gas nozzles, which are organized as described in the present application. The reburning combustion process under a reducing atmosphere, wherein the reburning air is a mixed gas with an oxygen concentration of about 5% mixed with the high temperature flue gas; the ten air nozzles are arranged to ensure at least ten reburning combustion processes; the flue gas and the reburning fuel are guaranteed The active ingredient is fully denitrified under the reaction, and the heat energy is output; the combustion air of the high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber is exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the preheater to reach the preheating The heating temperature is set and continues to be heated to a predetermined high temperature by a conveying pipe (acting as a superheater) which is calcined in a high-temperature flame; the high-temperature flue gas which has undergone denitration is all connected to the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, and the oxygen concentration is diluted with the high-temperature air. And organize high temperature and low oxygen combustion. The three-chamber fuel distribution ratio is designed according to the high-temperature combustion chamber and denitration chamber, high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber 4:2:1, and the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched gas obtained by the membrane oxygen generator is adjusted to ensure the oxygen concentration of the mixture at the combustion limit. Above the concentration.

Considering that such higher-end cars often use clean fuels such as gasoline, alcohol, vegetable oil, etc., the corresponding structure of the regenerative high-temperature air combustion technology is retained. The structure of the combustion chamber is as shown in Fig. 7, and the air preheating is used when using clean fuel. Heater, etc., and the high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion of the heat exchange structure directly with the high-temperature flue gas through the heat storage burner, since the exhaust heat energy is completely recovered, the power generation efficiency is extremely high.

At a certain time, the high-temperature desulfurizer regeneration operation can be organized, and the exhaust gas can be mixed into high-temperature low-oxygen air as a regeneration gas, or high-temperature steam can be used for regeneration, and different recovery or purification processes are adopted according to different conditions. When it is ensured that only low-sulfur fuels such as biomass fuels are burned, the high-temperature desulfurization chamber can be eliminated.

Embodiment 2:

The biomass-free integrated stove adopts the tar-free design described in the present application, and a plurality of heat-resistant steel sheets are arranged in the gasification furnace to be divided into different parts, and the temperature of the gasifier is adjusted together with the furnace wall and the combustion stove to make the temperature in the furnace rise and fall at 900 degrees. At the same time, its mass is not less than 20 kg to form a regenerator, and the heat storage is regulated; the crude gas enters the high-temperature desulfurization chamber and is coarsely desulfurized, and then enters the gas cracking chamber, where a large amount of silicon carbide plate is filled with catalyst, and the volume of the gas cracking chamber is According to the design, the crude gas stays for more than 15 seconds, and the residual tar and other substances are fully cracked.

The combustion stove is divided into a high temperature combustion chamber, a denitration chamber, a high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber, etc., wherein the high temperature combustion chamber uses a blower to organize high temperature combustion, control the air excess coefficient, and reduce the oxygen content in the high temperature flue gas; the combustion of the high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber The air passes through the preheater to exchange heat with the exhaust gas to reach a predetermined heating temperature, and continues to be heated to a predetermined high temperature through a conveying pipe (acting as a superheater) which is calcined in a high temperature flame; the high temperature flue gas of the high temperature combustion chamber is all connected to the denitration The chamber is first mixed with excess high-temperature gas, and the parameters such as the mixing temperature are controlled to form a high-temperature reducing atmosphere. The denitration chamber is provided with a plurality of heat-conducting sheets, fuel and gas nozzles, and the re-ignition combustion process under the multiple reduction atmosphere is organized according to the application, wherein The reburning air is a mixed gas with an oxygen concentration of about 10% mixed with high-temperature flue gas; eight air nozzles are arranged to ensure at least eight reburning combustion processes; nitrogen oxides are removed to purify the flue gas, and then enter the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber and The high temperature air mix dilutes the oxygen concentration and organizes the high temperature low oxygen combustion. The three-chamber fuel distribution ratio is designed according to the high-temperature combustion chamber and denitration chamber, high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber 4:2:1, and the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched gas obtained by the membrane oxygen generator is adjusted to ensure the oxygen concentration of the mixture at the combustion limit. Above the concentration.

The outside air (or oxygen-enriched combustion gas) enters the different heat exchangers whose temperature rises in sequence and finally becomes high-temperature air (or high-temperature combustion gas), part of which enters the gasifier and is gasified at high temperature; the other part enters the combustion stove, so that The temperature in the combustion furnace is not lower than 1200 degrees, and the temperature is introduced into the furnace, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the air entering the outside, and then fully mixed with the ash to desulfurize, and discharged through the bag filter, and then discharged. Because of the use of biomass fuel, there is very little sulfur, so the exhaust gas can be desulfurized by thoroughly mixing with the alkali metal-rich ash.

At a certain time, the high-temperature desulfurizer regeneration operation can be organized, and the exhaust gas can be mixed into high-temperature low-oxygen air as a regeneration gas, or high-temperature steam can be used for regeneration, and different recovery or purification processes are adopted according to different conditions. When it is ensured that only low-sulfur fuels such as biomass fuel are burned, the high-temperature desulfurization chamber can be eliminated, and the desulfurization is mainly carried out by thoroughly mixing the exhaust gas and the desulfurizing agent.

Embodiment 3:

According to the application, the integrated device integrating the stove, the gas supply and the power generation is designed, and the whole device can be integrated on one trailer for convenient transportation.

According to various fuel design, including burning high-sulfur coal, the high-temperature steam gasification process described in the present application is used to generate high-temperature steam into the gasifier and coal through high-temperature steam generating device for high-temperature steam gasification and gasification. A large number of heat-resistant steel sheets are placed in the furnace to separate into different parts, and the temperature of the gasifier is controlled together with the furnace wall and the combustion stove to ensure the methane content at a temperature of 900 ° or less, and the mass is not less than 20 kg to form a regenerator. The storage of heat changes; the crude gas enters the high-temperature desulfurization chamber and is initially desulfurized, and then enters the gas cracking chamber. There are a large number of high-temperature silicon carbide plates filled with catalyst. The volume of the gas cracking chamber is designed to ensure that the crude gas stays for more than 10 seconds. Tar and other substances.

The crude gas enters the indirect cooling system, first enters the cooling heat exchanger connected to the high temperature steam generating device, and initially cools and precipitates the dust. At this time, the temperature is about 300 degrees; the dust is removed by the high temperature bag into the air heat exchanger and the air cooler. The temperature drops below 100 degrees, and then filtered by dusting the bag, and then enters the next process.

The forced cooling device is a large cylindrical container immersed in a cooling liquid of dilute alkali water (sodium carbonate) which is forced to cool down, a cooling spray liquid is introduced into the rotating shaft, and an atomized dilute alkali water liquid is sprayed into the gas to make the gas Quickly cool and wash away impurities such as dust and tar; at the same time, the gas rotates at high speed, continuously cools and condenses impurities such as tar, centrifugal force separates the condensed tar particles and dust, and the cooling spray liquid, and then closes to the outer wall of the main device; on the thin-walled cylinder The scraping structure is separately provided for the scraping blade and the groove to automatically scrape the deposited impurities; the gas that meets the requirements can pass through the filter membrane and enter the next process after the temperature drops to a limited temperature.

In order to further remove organic impurities such as hydrogen sulfide and tar, add a thin alkaline water to wash and remove hydrogen sulfide, and then enter the vegetable oil washing device to remove tar and other organic substances, and ensure that the washing is more than ten seconds, so that the gas is basically purified, and the temperature is also two or three. Ten degrees; then sent to the activated carbon adsorption device to completely remove hydrogen sulfide and residual tar; and dehydrated, decarbonized to get clean gas.

At this time, according to the needs of the corresponding operation process, if it is a stove, the gas is sent into the burning stove;

The structure of the combustion stove is divided into a high temperature combustion chamber, a denitration chamber, a high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber, etc., wherein the high temperature combustion chamber uses a blower to organize high temperature combustion, control the air excess coefficient, and reduce the oxygen content in the high temperature flue gas; The combustion air is exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the preheater to reach a predetermined heating temperature, and is further heated to a predetermined high temperature by a conveying pipe (acting as a superheater) which is calcined in a high temperature flame; the high temperature flue gas of the high temperature combustion chamber is all connected. The denitration chamber is first mixed with excess high-temperature gas, and the parameters such as mixing temperature are controlled to form a high-temperature reducing atmosphere. The denitration chamber is provided with a large number of heat-conducting sheets, four fuel gas and a gas-assisted gas nozzle, etc., organized according to the application. The reburning combustion process under the secondary reducing atmosphere removes the nitrogen oxides to purify the flue gas, and then enters the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber to mix the diluted oxygen concentration with the high-temperature air, and organizes the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion. The three-chamber fuel distribution ratio is designed according to the high-temperature combustion chamber and denitration chamber, high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber 4:2:1, and the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched gas obtained by the membrane oxygen generator is adjusted to ensure the oxygen concentration of the mixture at the combustion limit. Above the concentration.

The outside air (or oxygen-enriched combustion gas) enters the different heat exchangers whose temperature rises in sequence and finally becomes high-temperature air (or high-temperature combustion gas), part of which enters the gasifier and is gasified at high temperature; the other part enters the combustion stove, so that The temperature in the furnace is not less than 900 degrees, and this temperature is introduced into the furnace, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the air entering the outside.

If used as a clean gas supply device, only a part of the gas enters the combustion furnace to burn heat for the high-temperature steam generating device; because it is clean gas, it can also be directly sent to the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber to organize the double preheating regenerative high temperature. Low-oxygen air is burned, and the corresponding equipment such as high-temperature combustion chamber and denitration chamber is turned off; most of the gas is organized for output.

If used as a generator, only a part of the gas enters the combustion furnace to burn heat for the high-temperature steam generating device; because it is clean gas, it can also be directly sent to the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber to organize the double preheating regenerative high-temperature hypoxia. The air is burned, and the corresponding equipment such as the high-temperature combustion chamber and the denitration chamber is turned off; the rest of the gas is sent to the internal combustion engine to generate electricity and output electric energy (the Sterling machine is expensive, generally not used), and the generator flue gas is all sent to the denitration chamber. Performing the denitration treatment described in the present application, the high-temperature flue gas is mixed with the preheated high-temperature air into a high-temperature low-oxygen gas, and then sent to the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber to be subjected to high-temperature low-oxygen combustion, since the flue gas, the fuel gas, and the air are clean. Therefore, double preheating regenerative high temperature combustion technology can be used to maximize the utilization of thermal energy.

Because the device itself is equipped with a high-temperature steam generating device, high-temperature steam and its own equipment can be used to regenerate high-temperature desulfurizing agent, dilute alkali water, activated carbon, etc. without separate treatment, and the recycled waste eventually becomes elemental sulfur, which is simple for professional institutions. Purification can be sold as a shortage of high quality sulphur products.

Embodiment 4:

An electric heavy-duty truck is modified according to the design of this application, and a power battery with a total capacity of 600 degrees and a weight of six or seven tons is removed, and a 120-kilowatt steam-gasification gasification generator set is modified. The total capacity of 15 kilowatts is composed of a super capacitor and a power battery. The power supply of the hybrid power supply is reduced by more than three tons compared with the electric heavy-duty truck. Compared with the weight of the diesel heavy-duty truck, the quality of the electric heavy-duty truck is two or three tons, which is completely acceptable. Within the scope.

The generator set is designed to be compatible with various fuels, including high-sulfur coal combustion. Therefore, the high-temperature steam gasification process described in the present application is used to generate high-temperature steam into the gasifier and coal for high-temperature steam gasification through a high-temperature steam generating device. The gasification furnace is provided with a large number of heat-resistant steel plates to be divided into different parts, and the gasification furnace temperature is adjusted together with the furnace wall and the combustion stove to ensure the methane content in the furnace temperature at 900 degrees, and the mass thereof is not less than 20 kg. The hot body regulates the change of heat; the crude gas enters the high-temperature desulfurization chamber and is initially desulfurized, and then enters the gas cracking chamber. There is a large amount of high-temperature silicon carbide plate filled with catalyst. The volume of the gas cracking chamber is designed to ensure that the crude gas stays for more than 10 seconds. Cracking residual tar and other substances.

The cooling liquid of the forced cooling device is connected to the refrigerator, and the temperature difference power generating piece and the thermoelectric cooling piece may be provided to supplement the cooling, and the gas satisfying the requirement enters the next process after the temperature drops to the limited temperature.

In order to further remove organic impurities such as hydrogen sulfide and tar, two alkaline water washings are used to remove hydrogen sulfide, and then enter a vegetable oil washing device to remove organic substances such as tar, and all of them are washed for more than ten seconds, so that the gas is basically purified and the temperature is also second. 30 degrees; then sent to the activated carbon adsorption device, completely remove hydrogen sulfide and residual tar; and dehydrated, decarbonized to get clean gas; leave a part of the gas into the furnace to burn heat for high-temperature steam generating device; because it is clean gas, so It can also be directly sent to the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber to organize double-preheating regenerative high-temperature low-oxygen air combustion without high-temperature combustion chamber; the rest of the gas is sent to the internal combustion engine to generate electricity and output electric energy. Expensive, generally not used), the generator flue gas is all sent to the denitration chamber for denitration treatment as described in this application. The high temperature flue gas is mixed with the preheated high temperature air into high temperature and low oxygen gas, and then sent to the high temperature and low oxygen combustion chamber. High temperature and low oxygen combustion, because the flue gas, fuel gas and air are all clean, so double preheating regenerative high temperature combustion technology can be used. The use of thermal energy to achieve the ultimate.

In order to reduce the volume of the generator set, the whole set of equipment is placed in a pressure-resistant container with a design pressure of more than 20 atmospheres. The fuel and ash enter and exit through the cylinder-type structure; due to the large amount of flue gas, an oxygen-rich membrane is provided. Increasing the oxygen content to prevent the oxygen content of the combustion gas from being lower than the lower limit of combustion; the oxygen-enriched air is pressurized into the pressure vessel and recovering part of the pressure energy through the turbocharger; the working pressure of the embodiment is considered at eight atmospheres, and the power is generated The outlet pressure of the exhaust gas is also about eight atmospheres, so there is no need to increase the number of supercharging equipment when the exhaust gas enters the denitration chamber.

Because the device itself is equipped with a high-temperature steam generating device, high-temperature steam and its own equipment can be used to regenerate high-temperature desulfurizing agent, dilute alkali water (sodium carbonate solution), activated carbon, etc. without having to deal with it separately, and the recycled waste eventually becomes a simple substance. Sulfur, a professional purification agency can be sold as a shortage of high-quality sulfur.

The weight of the whole set, together with the pressure-resistant shell, is about two tons, and the volume is less than 3 cubic meters. Although the cost of loading the heavy truck is twice as much as that of the diesel heavy-duty truck (about 300,000), the fuel saving cost is more than 50,000 or more per year. Therefore, it is still cost-effective.

Embodiment 5:

A hybrid car is modified according to the design of this application. The original conditioning quality is 1390 kg, the original generator set of about 270 kg is taken, the modified 10 kW steam-gasification gasification generator set is about 350 kg, and the total capacity is about 2 kW. The hybrid power supply composed of the power battery changes the power consumption, and the power consumption per 100 kilometers is about 15 degrees. Together with the natural gas bottle and gasification device, the quality of the whole preparation increases by about 110 kilograms to 1500 kilograms, which is completely within the acceptable range.

Biomass pellets, finely washed coal and other fuels are steamed, and the crude gas is cleaned in the apparatus by the steps of pyrolysis, cooling, dilute alkaline water washing, vegetable oil washing, activated carbon adsorption, dehydration and decarbonization as described in the present application. It is sent to the generator for power generation by pressure, and the output electric energy is stored and output to the electric drive system through the hybrid power supply. The generator exhaust gas is sent to the denitration chamber for subsequent denitration treatment to ensure clean exhaust emissions.

Because it is considered for gasification and purification at normal pressure, it is slightly larger in size. In order to prevent users from accepting it, the use of smaller generator set power (medium heat generation power of 10 kW) and the proportional mixing of 50% natural gas are used. The composition of the mixture is roughly 60% of methane, 15% of hydrogen, 10% of carbon monoxide, and 5% to 10% of carbon dioxide. This ratio improves combustion performance (the right amount of hydrogen increases the burning rate), and the calorific value is comparable to biogas. Methane reburning and denitrification performance is better, and the total amount of power generation per unit time is increased from 10 degrees to 15 degrees, which is enough to supplement the electricity consumption of electric vehicles.

In addition, a five-kilowatt gasoline power generation range extender (about 30 kg) can be installed, and the total power generation is still 15 degrees per hour. The range extender exhaust is also connected to the denitration chamber. The main fuels, and later blended with biomass methane, biomass gasoline, etc., are still in line with the social benefits and values of getting rid of fossil fuels to reduce carbon emissions, and almost completely eliminate tail gas pollution compared to ordinary fuel vehicles.

The rest of the various regeneration processes and the like are not significantly different from the above embodiments and the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

The price of a hybrid car is about 140,000. According to estimates, the price of the modified car is about 170,000 or 80,000, but it does not need to be charged for a long time. It is compatible with various fuels, including cheap fuel, and there is no exhaust pollution, so it is very competitive. force.

Example 6:

A military high-speed solar airship is designed with high-efficiency fluid drag reduction technology to get rid of the streamline line limitation and increase the speed to more than 200 kilometers per hour. The huge outer surface is covered with solar power generation film, and a layer of thermoelectric power generation fabric is placed next to the solar film. During the day, solar energy and high-altitude temperature difference power generation are used to provide electricity. At the same time, part of the electricity is used to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen gas is sent to the special hydrogen balloon body to provide buoyancy, and also serves as a fuel reserve. The hydrogen buoyancy capsule is also designed according to the explosion-proof airbag. The outer envelope is surrounded by one or two layers of airbags separated into a plurality of air chambers, which are isolated from the air; however, the normal temperature capsule wall only serves as a hydrogen barrier design, and the expensive aerogel insulation layer is eliminated.

In order to meet the requirements of power and buoyancy, the high-temperature gasification power generation device described in the present application is used, and coal and wood are used as fuels, and hydrogenation is used. The product is a high calorific value methane-rich gas, and pure oxygenation can also be used, and the gasification temperature is controlled. About 900 degrees to prevent methane cracking; the obtained crude gas is sent to the high-temperature desulfurization chamber which is designed like an explosion-proof airbag. The airbag is suspended with a light film strip covered with high-temperature desulfurizer. The wall of the capsule is covered with 6 mm aerogel insulation material. After about 5 minutes, the crude gas is initially desulfurized; then enter the high temperature cracking chamber modeled after the explosion-proof airbag. The airbag is suspended with a large amount of light film strips filled with catalyst, and the cracking temperature is controlled at 900 degrees, and the residence time is more than 10 minutes. The cooling is slightly different from the on-board system. Because the gasification agent is hydrogen, it can be arranged to exchange heat with hydrogen to heat the hydrogen. However, the amount of hydrogen is not significant for cooling. Therefore, it is further selected to exchange heat with the cooled tail gas in the capsule. Then, the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the outside cold air to avoid the dangerous process of the direct exchange of the crude gas with the cold air; the bladder for the exchange of cold air and exhaust gas is disposed on the outer side. In part, the two streams are relatively countercurrently flowed in the capsule, but the membranes are separated by a heat-conducting membrane and the residual heat is fully retained; the capsules also serving as the crude gas and cold-gas heat exchangers are also arranged in this way. The forced cooling device arranges the crude gas to exchange heat with the cold tail gas, and the exhaust gas exchanges heat with the outside cold air through the air cooler; the crude gas is completely cooled and filtered through the dust bag to enter the spray chamber, and the sulfide is removed by the dilute sodium carbonate solution. And residual tar, set the washing time is about 20 seconds; then wash with vegetable oil to completely remove the tar, the washing time is still 20 seconds; arrange activated carbon adsorption, remove residual hydrogen sulfide and tar and other impurities; the resulting clean gas adulteration a certain proportion of hydrogen, send Into the special engine or pressurized into the generator to generate electricity; the engine or generator high-temperature flue gas is all connected to the denitration chamber capsule, the chamber is arranged with high-temperature gas, gas-assisted gas nozzle, first injected with excessive high-temperature gas, depleted oxygen, forming Reducing the atmosphere, and then injecting a small amount of combustion gas with a concentration of about 5% oxygen, and re-igniting the combustion process several times. Times, gradually denitration; high-temperature exhaust gas into the balloon by heat insulation of the storage pocket design, becomes buoyant capsule; tail gas is discharged after cooling the heat exchanger sequentially. Such high-temperature gas, high-temperature exhaust gas, hydrogen and other cheap and easily available gas are enough to replace the expensive helium gas into the buoyancy airbag, thereby reducing the cost of the airship.

A certain combat mission was carried out, and the brother boats cooperated with each other. The firepower of the guns and the rapid-fire guns quickly shot down the high-speed targets such as aircraft and missiles. The ground attack combined with the remote-controlled unmanned aircraft and guided missiles. One by one, destroying threatening high-value targets such as ground tanks, bunkers, and missile launchers, but it is difficult to avoid the low-cost equipment and a large number of well-conceived high-altitude machine guns approaching the shots, multiple capsules are penetrated, and partial hydrogen is penetrated. The crude gas enters the second layer of the tailing balloon body, but the combustible gas is diluted, and the amount of combustible gas infiltrated into the second layer of the capsule is extremely small, and the gas that is further diluted and overflowed from the outside contains almost no combustible gas, or is far below the combustion limit concentration. At the same time, the control valve sensor of each damage part sends out the induction signal, the control valve is opened, the exhaust gas pump is started quickly, the exhaust gas discharge amount is reduced or closed, and the control valve opened from here enters the damaged capsule a lot, forming a positive pressure on the combustible gas capsule. The leak was blocked; the spare bag was opened and inflated, and the damaged bag was gradually replaced to complete the emergency repair. If the spare bag is broken down in the course of continued combat, the maintenance bag will continue to be repaired by transporting the backup bag from the maintenance pipeline.

The invention has been described above with reference to specific examples, which are merely intended to aid the understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Variations to the above-described embodiments may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.

Claims

A denitration process characterized by comprising the following steps:

The flue gas generated by the high temperature combustion chamber is introduced into the combustion passage of the denitration chamber, and the preheated high temperature reburning fuel is injected in a certain proportion to reburn combustion, and the residual oxygen in the flue gas is consumed, in the formed reducing atmosphere. Burning and controlling the combustion temperature within a preset denitration temperature range to complete preliminary denitration;

After the initial denitrification, as the flue gas moves in the combustion passage, under the premise of controlling the total air excess coefficient, excessive high-temperature reburning fuel is injected at different positions of the combustion passage to ensure the reducing atmosphere, and then the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion-supporting gas is sprayed in several times. Perform one or more reburning combustions, control and adjust the combustion temperature within the preset denitration temperature range to complete further denitration;

The process of further denitrification is repeatedly organized one to many times;

After further denitrification, the flue gas is introduced into the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, and under the premise of the air excess coefficient, an excessive amount of high-temperature low-oxygen gas-supporting gas is injected into the high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion, and the combustion temperature is controlled to be preset. In the temperature range, denitrification is finally completed.

After the denitration is completed, the exhaust gas is cooled by the heat exchanger and outputs thermal energy, which is discharged after being treated.
The denitration process according to claim 1, characterized in that after the denitration is completed, the high-temperature flue gas is mixed with the preheated high-temperature air into a high-temperature low-oxygen gas, and the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion output heat energy is organized.
A denitration device for realizing the denitration process according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises:

a denitration chamber, the air inlet of the denitration chamber is connected to an exhaust gas discharge port of the high temperature combustion chamber, and the denitration chamber has a preset length and a labyrinth combustion passage, and is arranged in the labyrinth combustion passage a combustion air nozzle for spraying high temperature and low oxygen combustion air and a fuel nozzle for injecting reburning fuel; the combustion air nozzle has a plurality of evenly distributed and movable nozzles;

a high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber, wherein an inlet of the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber is connected to an outlet of the denitration chamber, and the high-temperature low-oxygen combustion chamber is further provided with a combustion air inlet and a fuel for injecting the reburning fuel nozzle;

a heat exchanger, wherein an air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to an air outlet of the high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber, and the heat exchanger is configured to cool the introduced gas and output heat energy;

And a superheater, wherein an air inlet of the superheater is connected to the air supply device, and an air outlet of the superheater is connected to a combustion air nozzle of the denitration chamber and a combustion air inlet of the high temperature low oxygen combustion chamber, The superheater is used to heat the low oxygen combustion air.
The denitration device according to claim 3, wherein the denitration chamber is provided with a temperature control device, the temperature control device comprising a temperature sensor, a temperature lowering device and a heat conducting device, the heat conducting device comprising a heat conducting sheet and a heat storage body The heat conducting sheet is connected to the heat storage body, and the combustion passage is divided into a labyrinth passage by the plurality of heat conducting sheets, the heat storage body is connected to an external heat source; the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the combustion passage and The signal is passed to an external automatic control system that transfers thermal energy from the combustion passage for introducing thermal energy into the flue gas within the combustion passage.
A combustion power generation system includes a fuel delivery device, a gas generation device, a high temperature desulfurization chamber, a gas cracking chamber, a high temperature combustion chamber, a thermal energy output device, a gas supply device, an oxygen supply device, and a generator, and further includes The denitration device according to any one of claims 3-4.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 5, wherein said gas generating means is provided with a regulating device for controlling the gasification cracking reaction, a heat accumulating block connected to the external heat source and a heat conducting function; a temperature sensor, and cooling The fluid circulation structure is controlled according to the temperature change signal to control the gasification temperature within a limited range.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 5, wherein said high temperature desulfurization chamber, said high temperature cracking chamber and said gas cracking chamber are provided with temperature regulating means, and a heat storage body and a heat conducting plate connected to the external heat source, The heat conducting plate divides the high temperature desulfurization chamber, the high temperature cracking chamber and the gas cracking chamber into a plurality of mutually communicating portions, and the heat conducting plate located in the high temperature desulfurization chamber is covered with a high temperature desulfurizing agent, and is located in the high temperature cracking chamber and the gas cracking chamber. The thermal plate is covered with a catalyst.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 5, further comprising a pressure resistant casing, said gas supply means, oxygen supply means and pressurizing means, turbocharger means located outside said pressure resistant casing, and gas supply The device is connected and the gas is forced into the pressure-resistant casing; other devices are installed in the pressure-resistant casing. The pressure-resistant casing has a passage opening for introducing fuel and removing the ash, and the passage port is provided with two valves, and the two valves have a space for transitioning out or moving into the ash box.
A combustion power generation process characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1, through the introduction of an external heat source and a micro gas generating device capable of regulating the reaction temperature, ensuring high-temperature gasification and cracking reaction to generate medium-high calorific value crude gas, setting a high-temperature combustion furnace as an external heat source, and controlling the gasification temperature and the outlet gas temperature above 900 degrees. 1000 degrees or less;

S2, the crude gas is pyrolyzed and purified at a predetermined pressure and temperature, and the cracking temperature is controlled between 900 and 1000 degrees, and the mixture is uniformly mixed;

S3, crude gas and gasification agent (water) indirect heat exchange preliminary cooling, preliminary filtration and dust removal, while heating to produce water vapor, the water vapor is heated to a certain temperature by a heat device and then sent to the gas generating device as a gasifying agent;

S4, the crude gas is indirectly cooled by one or more air preheaters, air cooling devices, etc., and then forced to cool below a limited temperature;

S5, one or more dilute alkali water washing desulfurization, dust removal, and the crude gas is continuously mixed uniformly, and the dilute alkali water is preferably a sodium carbonate solution;

S6, the crude gas is washed to remove tar and impurities by one or more low-volatility solvents which are compatible with the tar organic matter, and the solvent is preferably vegetable oil;

S7, the activated carbon adsorption layer impurities, the impurities include at least sulfides and tar;

S8, dehydration and decarburization, mixing evenly, and then being sent to the generator set for power generation;

S9. The denitration chamber of the genset exhaust gas is connected to the high temperature combustion furnace, and the denitration process according to any one of claims 1-2 is used for reburning and denitration;

Among them, the washing oil agent, the dilute alkali water, the high-temperature desulfurizing agent and the activated carbon are reused by the high-temperature superheated steam regeneration operation; and the whole process is carried out under the pressure of the low-pressure to medium-high pressure gas.
A combustion power generation system implementing the combustion power generation process according to claim 9, comprising a fuel delivery device, a gas generation device, a high temperature combustion furnace, a high temperature steam generation device, a gasification furnace, a pyrolysis chamber, an indirect cooling system, and a spray a leaching purification device, a filtration device, an activated carbon adsorption device, a refrigeration device, a gas storage device, a decarburization device, a gas supply device, an oxygen supply device, and a generator, characterized in that it further comprises any one of claims 3-4 The denitration device described.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 10, further comprising a pressure resistant casing, said gas supply means, oxygen supply means and pressurizing means, turbocharger means located outside said pressure resistant casing, and gas supply The device is connected and the gas is forced into the pressure-resistant casing; other devices are installed in the pressure-resistant casing. The pressure-resistant casing has a passage opening for introducing fuel and removing the ash, and the passage port is provided with two valves, and the two valves have a space for transitioning out or moving into the ash box.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 10, wherein the pyrolysis chamber and the gas cracking chamber are provided with temperature control means, and a heat storage body and a heat transfer plate connected to the external heat source, the heat transfer plate and the high temperature cracking chamber and The gas cracking chamber is divided into a plurality of interconnected portions, and the heat conducting plate is covered with a catalyst.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 10, wherein said gas generating means has one or more generating furnaces, said generating furnace is provided with a plurality of heat conducting sheets and a pushing rod, said pushing rods being provided with scraping a heat transfer sheet for heating and dividing the crushed fuel, the scraper for removing the crusted wall of the gas generating chamber wall; the gas generating device having a heat accumulator connected to the external heating liquid and temperature control A device for controlling the temperature of gasification and cracking.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 10, wherein said indirect cooling system comprises a cooling heat exchanger, an air preheater, an air cooling device, and a forced cooling device connected in series, said cooling heat exchanger The gas port is set to face the fins perpendicular to the moving speed of the coarse gas at the entrance of the crude gas, and at the same time guide a small part of the cold gas to be mixed with it, and a certain area space is left in front to become a coarse gas mixing place; the fins The surface is provided with a movable protective plate made of a heat-conductive and wear-resistant material covering the surface of the fin, and the protective plate is provided with a plurality of fixedly spaced blades on the other side of the fin, and one end of the protective plate extends The housing of the cooling heat exchanger is connected to a push-pull mechanism for moving the push-pull protection plate, the push-pull distance of the protection plate is greater than the spacing of the blade arrangement; the protection plate passes through the cooling heat exchanger A removable sealing film is disposed at the joint of the housing and the push-pull mechanism, and the housing of the cooling heat exchanger is further provided with a hole corresponding to the blade and used for cleaning the blade.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 10, wherein said main unit of said indirect cooling system comprises a container body and a cylindrical container, said container body having a cooling liquid, said cylindrical container being immersed in said In the coolant of the container body, the cylindrical container is provided with a rotating shaft and a blade, and the blade has a plurality of blades uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, and the plurality of the blades are cylindrical containers. The inner portion is divided into a plurality of closed spaces, the cylindrical container has a plurality of layers of individually rotatable and concentric cylindrical walls, the rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, and the central portion of the rotating shaft is used for cooling the spray liquid An atomized liquid is sprayed into the gas; the outer wall of the cylindrical container is provided with a blade and a groove for cleaning, and a filter film is hung on the blade.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 10, wherein said refrigerating means is connected to a spray purifying means, said spray purifying means comprising at least one dilute alkali water and a solvent compatible with tar, and at least one activated carbon adsorption filter Device.
A combustion power generation system according to claim 10, wherein said high temperature steam generating means is coupled to a high temperature combustion chamber and an indirect cooling system for obtaining thermal energy of a high temperature combustion chamber and an indirect cooling system, said high temperature steam generating The device is connected to the gas generating device through a pipe for introducing high temperature steam into the gas generating device.
An electric vehicle characterized by comprising a hybrid power source and a combustion power generation system according to any one of claims 10-17, said hybrid power source being connected to said generator, said generator exhaust gas being connected to a denitration chamber .
An aerostat comprising an explosion-proof air bag, a gas pressure regulating pump, and a combustion power generation system according to any one of claims 10-17, the explosion-proof air bag comprising a plurality of independent airbag bodies and capsules A support frame, the capsule support frame is a tubular structure that is electrically connected to each other, and the capsule support frame forms a circulation gas circuit with the air pressure regulating pump and the air bag body.
The aerostat according to claim 19, wherein said reservoir body comprises a plurality of flammable gas capsules for storing flammable gas and a plurality of non-combustible capsules for storing non-combustible gas, said The gas capsule is surrounded by one or more layers of the non-combustible bladder, and each layer of the bladder is divided into at least one independently enclosed plenum.
The aerostat according to claim 20, wherein said circulating gas circuit maintains a gas pressure higher than a capsule, and said non-combusted bladder has a higher gas pressure than said flammable gas capsule.