WO2017156897A1

WO2017156897A1 - Apparatus for compressing and packaging materials

Info

Publication number: WO2017156897A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/085454
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李俊峰; 王建龙
Original assignee: 清华大学
Priority date: 2016-03-18
Filing date: 2016-06-12
Publication date: 2017-09-21
Also published as: CN105825907A; CN105825907B; KR20170117309A; KR101958535B1

Abstract

Provided is an apparatus for compressing and packaging materials, comprising: a storage container (10), the storage container (10) having an opening at one end; a pressure head (30), the pressure head (30) being driven by an external force to compress the materials; a guiding sleeve (20), the guiding sleeve (20) being movably arranged between the pressure head (30) and the storage container (10) through the opening of the storage container (10) and a gap being formed between the guiding sleeve and the storage container (10); and a binding member (40), the binding member (40) being arranged at the bottom of the storage container (10) and the free end thereof being able to extend outward through the gap, wherein a through groove (31) corresponding to the free end of the binding member (40) is provided at the bottom surface of the pressure head (30), the through groove (31) is shaped to at least partially prevent the compressed materials from entering the through groove (31) so that the free end of the binding member (40) is able to pass through the corresponding through groove (31) to bind the compressed materials after the guiding sleeve (20) is removed from the storage container (10). The packaging efficiency of the packaging apparatus is improved by solving the problem of difficulty in closing the storage container caused by the rebounding of the materials.

Description

Material compression packaging equipment

Technical field

The invention relates to a material compression packaging device, which is especially suitable for compression packaging processing of soft articles such as clothes.

Background technique

In the prior art, in order to solve the problem of disposal of waste materials, improve labor efficiency, save manpower, and reduce transportation costs, existing recycling centers, industrial mines, enterprises, supermarkets, etc. mainly use balers for packaging processing, which cannot be stacked for looseness. Or it is necessary to carry out compression treatment to reduce the space occupied by the space, so as to facilitate transportation and uniform treatment.

For example, during the operation, overhaul and decommissioning of nuclear power plants and nuclear facilities, a certain amount of loose waste such as overalls, gloves, plastic packaging, etc. contaminated with radionuclides will be produced. If the garment waste is bulky, these wastes are not compressed. Direct stacking takes up a lot of space. In order to facilitate temporary storage and transportation, these loose wastes are usually put into a waste bucket, such as a steel drum, and subjected to compression under a predetermined pressure, and the volume of the compressed waste can be reduced to 1/3 to 1/5.

In order to improve the utilization rate of waste bins, in the process of compressing radioactive waste, it is necessary to continuously add waste to the steel drum for compression, so that the compressed waste is filled with waste bins, but the waste itself has a large resilience after compression. How to prevent the rebound of radioactive waste after the end of compression is a major problem in the compression and packaging process. At present, in order to prevent the rebound of compressed waste, resulting in inconvenient capping and lifting of the lid of the bucket, most of the radioactive waste compression and packaging equipment that has been operated in China usually adopt the following means, for example, only compressing the steel after compression. The waste volume is 60-70% of the waste; the capping action is carried out quickly after the indenter is lifted; in order to prevent the rebound of the waste, the indenter is kept for 12-24 hours under the condition of compacting the waste with a predetermined pressure, etc., which are serious. Affects the efficiency of waste compression and packaging.

In Chinese patent CN 202878712 U, a small-sized recycled material compression baler is disclosed. In this patent, in order to prevent the compressed material from bounce up, a blocking material rebounding device is provided. That is, the pin is movably connected to the side wall of the discharge door, and the bent piece is fixed on the inner side wall of the discharge door, and after the material is compressed, the compression is prevented by the limit action on the pressure plate. The material rebounds, but the barrier material thus set bounces up the device, which is complicated to prevent the rebound of the material, and the control is difficult. When the binding is performed, the material cannot be bundled under the optimal compression state, so the efficiency is relatively low and the structure is complicated. Not conducive to standardized operation management.

Therefore, there is a need for an improved material compression packaging apparatus.

Summary of the invention

In order to effectively solve the above-mentioned one or more defects existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a waste compression and packaging device, which can prevent the rebound of the material after being compressed, improve the compression and packaging efficiency of the material, and has a simple structure and an improved storage. One or more of the purposes of the filling utilization of the container.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a material compression packaging apparatus comprising: a storage container having an opening at one end for loading material; and an indenter driven by an external force Tightening the material; guiding a sleeve, the guiding sleeve being movably sleeved between the ram and the storage container through an opening of the storage container, and with the storage container Forming a gap between the inner walls; and a binding member disposed at a bottom of the storage container and having a free end thereof projecting outward through the gap; wherein a bottom surface of the pressing head is provided with the a free end of the binding member corresponding to the through groove, the through groove being shaped to at least partially block the compressed material from entering the through groove, such that the free end of the binding member can be at the guiding sleeve After being removed from the storage container, the compressed material is bundled through the corresponding through grooves. Since the space in the through-groove for the free end of the binding member to pass through is left, the packaging of the compressed material can be achieved with the ram pressing the material. This can simplify the structure of the packaging equipment, improve the utilization of the storage container, and improve the packaging efficiency.

According to an aspect of the invention, at least a portion of the cross section of the through groove has a width greater than a width of the through slot opening. In this way, the channel structure can effectively block the material from entering the channel, and the binding member is prevented from being interfered by the compressed material when passing through the channel.

According to an aspect of the invention, the cross-sectional shape of the through groove is an inverted trapezoid. This structure is easy to process and has a good blocking effect.

According to an aspect of the invention, the through groove has a circular cross section shape. This structure has a good blocking effect and a large space for the bundle to pass through.

According to an aspect of the invention, the through groove comprises at least two through grooves arranged in an intersecting manner. This arrangement helps to improve the binding effect.

According to an aspect of the invention, the at least two through grooves of the intersecting arrangement have different depths. Prevents the two bundles that penetrate the cross channel from interfering with each other.

According to an aspect of the invention, the through groove comprises at least two through grooves arranged in a parallel manner. This arrangement helps to improve the binding effect.

According to one aspect of the invention, the binding member is of an elongated shape for ease of binding.

According to an aspect of the invention, the binding member comprises at least two binding members arranged in an intersecting manner at the bottom of the storage container and connected to each other at the intersection. The interconnection of the binding members at the intersections can limit the binding members, preventing the binding members from affecting the compression process and the binding effect due to misalignment during or after the compression.

According to an aspect of the invention, the binding member has two free ends, one of the two free ends passing through the through groove and connected to the other free end to bind the compressed body, Make the bundling process simple, convenient and fast.

According to an aspect of the invention, the two free ends of the binding member have a one-way snap connection structure to prevent the binding member from being disengaged after binding, so that the binding structure is stronger.

According to one aspect of the invention, the binding member is a plastic or metal material that facilitates the formation of the binding and increases the strength of the binding.

According to one aspect of the invention, the height of the guiding sleeve is higher than the height of the storage container for blocking the material filled in the compression process from falling out of the storage container, so that the storage container can accommodate more compression. After the material, increase the filling rate of the storage container.

According to an aspect of the invention, the bottom end of the guiding sleeve is provided with a limiting groove corresponding to the binding member, which can limit the binding member and prevent undesired movement of the binding member during the compression process.

According to an aspect of the invention, the guiding sleeve is provided with a viewing port for facilitating observation of the filling of the compressed material.

According to an aspect of the invention, the material is radioactive waste.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a material compression packaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view showing the indenter and the guiding sleeve of the material compression packaging device shown in Figure 1;

3 is a schematic view showing a groove structure of a ram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic view showing a groove structure of a ram according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view showing the indenter of the material compression and packaging apparatus shown in Figure 2 in the D-D direction;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the groove structure shown in Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the working state of material compression and packaging equipment shown in Figure 1 for material compression;

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the working state of the material binding and packaging device shown in Figure 1 for material binding;

In the figure, 1 material compression packing equipment, 10 storage containers, 20 guiding sleeves, 21 limit slots, 30 indenters, 31, 32 through slots, 40 binding parts, 41 free ends, 50 hydraulic components, 51 piston rods, 60 sleeve hydraulic cylinder, 70 conveyor, 2 materials.

detailed description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the invention are described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are illustrated and However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of the details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention. The present invention is not limited to any specific configuration as set forth below, but is intended to cover any modifications, substitutions and improvements of the structure and components of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the technical solutions of the present invention.

In order to better understand the present invention, a material compression packaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Figs.

1 shows an overall structural diagram of a material compression packaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the material compression baling apparatus 1 includes a storage container 10, a ram 30, a guiding sleeve 20, and a binding member 40. The guiding sleeve 20 is movably sleeved between the ram 30 and the storage container 10 through the opening of the storage container 10, and forms a gap with the inner wall of the storage container 10, and the binding member 40 is disposed in the storage The bottom of the container 10 and its free end 41 are outwardly extended by a gap, and the bottom surface of the ram 30 is provided with a through groove 31 corresponding to the free end 41 of the binding member 40. The material compression packaging device 1 of the present invention is under pressure. After the head 30 compresses the material (not shown), the guiding sleeve 20 is lifted upward to be removed from the storage container 10, and the compressed material is bundled by the binding member 40 through the corresponding through groove 31.

The material compression packaging device 1 is used for compression and packaging, which can effectively prevent the storage container 10 from being rebound due to the rebound of the compressed material in the storage container 10, thereby improving the compression and packaging efficiency of the material and The filling utilization rate of the storage container 10 is simple and convenient for standardization operations.

Specifically, the above materials are loose materials, especially materials having a rebound property after being compressed, for example, work clothes, gloves, and plastic packaging contaminated by radionuclides during operation, maintenance, and decommissioning of nuclear power plants and nuclear facilities. And other waste.

The storage container 10 is a cylindrical body with an opening upward, and the material to be compressed can be contained in the storage container 10, and the material is sealed and sealed after the material is compressed. The shape of the storage container 10 is preferably cylindrical, and may be designed into other shapes depending on storage, management, and the like. The storage container 10 can be made of a high-strength material such as metal, engineering plastics, etc., and in the case of containing radioactive waste, a metal material having a shielding property against radioactive elements can also be used, so as to prevent the compression process and the compression from being completed. Thereafter, the radioactive waste in the storage container 10 causes pollution to the outside. The storage container 10 can be pre-placed on the delivery device 70, and after being capped, the delivery device 70 is responsible for delivery for subsequent centralized management.

Figure 2 further shows the construction of the indenter 30 and the guiding sleeve 20 in accordance with the present invention. As shown, the guiding sleeve 20 can be a hollow cylindrical structure that is open and closed, which is movably sleeved between the storage container 10 and the ram 30, and the movement of the guiding sleeve 20 in the storage container 10 depends on This is achieved by a sleeve cylinder 60 connected to the guiding sleeve 20, which can be lowered into the storage container 10 or lifted out of the storage container 10. When the guiding sleeve 20 is moved into the storage container 10, a gap can be formed with the storage container 10 for accommodating the binding member 40. The gap may be formed by any known means, for example, by the difference in size between the guiding sleeve 20 and the storage container 10, or by a groove-like structure that is formed on the outer wall of the guiding sleeve 20 or the inner wall of the storage container 10. Composition.

At the beginning of the compression work, as shown in Fig. 7, the guiding sleeve 20 is placed in the storage container 10, the material to be pressed 2 is put into the guiding sleeve 20 and the material 2 is restrained by the guiding sleeve 20, and the pressing head 30 is Liquid The material 2 is compressed under the drive of the press assembly 50. After the compression process is completed, the guide sleeve 20 can be removed from the storage container 10 to bundle the compressed material 2 by the binding member 40.

The barrel body structure of the guiding sleeve 20 may be a cylindrical, square cylindrical or other shaped cylindrical structure, preferably mating with the shape of the storage container 10. The wall of the guiding sleeve 20 may not be closed, for example, the wall of the tube may be arranged in a mesh or a grid shape. The material of the guiding sleeve 20 can be made of a high strength material, such as the same material as the storage container 10.

Further, in order to increase the filling rate of the storage container 10, the height of the compressed material 2 is substantially flush with the height of the storage container 10, preferably the height of the guiding sleeve 20 is set higher than the storage container. The height of 10, so that a certain rebound space is reserved for the compressed material 2, so that in the case that the compressed material 2 slowly rebounds, the material to be pressed can be continuously fed into the guiding sleeve 20, The material 2 is dropped out of the storage container 10, ensuring that the storage container 10 can finally be filled with the material 2 to the maximum extent and then sealed.

Further, the guiding sleeve 20 can also define a limiting slot 21 at a portion where the bottom end thereof contacts the binding member 40. The number of the limiting slots 21 depends on the number of the binding members 40 that need to be limited. Prior to the compression process, the position of the binding member 40 preset to the bottom of the storage container 10 is restricted when the guiding sleeve 20 is moved into the storage container 10, avoiding misalignment of the plurality of binding members 40, affecting the compression or packaging process. .

Further, in order to monitor the compression process of the material 2 and observe the compressed height of the material 2 in the guiding sleeve 20 in real time, the guiding sleeve 20 is above the side wall of the storage container 10 and/or the guiding sleeve. The other part of the 20 is provided with a viewing port, which may be a vertically spaced circular hole or a square hole for observing the material 2 in the process of the compression process or during the removal of the guiding sleeve 20. .

Embodiments of the present invention do not limit the manner in which the guiding sleeve 20 is removed after the end of the compression process. For example, the guiding sleeve 20 can be configured to be driven from the opening of the storage container 10 by the driving action of the sleeve cylinder 60. After being removed, it is sleeved on the piston rod 51, and can also be configured to be removed from the body of the material compression packaging device 1 as a whole. Of course, the above-described driving action on the guiding sleeve 20 can also be provided by the sleeve cylinder 60, and can also be exemplified by other moving devices or by manual engagement with the pulley device.

The bottom surface of the indenter 30 is provided with a through groove 31 corresponding to the free end 41 of the binding member 40, and the through groove 31 is shaped to at least partially block the compressed material 2 from entering the through groove 31. The free end 41 of the binding member 40 is capable of binding the compressed material 2 through the corresponding slot 31 after the guiding sleeve 20 is removed from the storage container 10. Since the pressing head 30 does not need to be lifted during the bundling process, the guiding sleeve 20 can be loaded with the waste to be compressed to the maximum during the compression process, which greatly improves the compression efficiency, shortens the compression time, and simplifies the structure.

The through groove 31 may be specifically configured such that a width of at least a portion of the cross-sectional area thereof is larger than a width of the opening of the through groove 31, and the through groove 31 may be disposed in various cross-sectional shapes for the purpose of facilitating processing, improving a blocking effect, and the like. As long as it can block the compressed material 2 from completely entering the through groove 31. For example, the through groove 31 may be provided as an inverted trapezoid shown in FIG. 3 or a circular shape as shown in FIG. Wherein, when the cross-sectional shape of the through groove 31 is an inverted trapezoid whose inner top surface width is larger than the width of the opening, it can be prevented that the compressed material 2 enters the inside of the through groove 31 by the opening of the through groove 31 during the compression process and after the compression is completed. When the bundling operation is performed, the binding member 40 is disturbed through the through slot 31, and the structure of the through slot 31 provides a space for the bundling operation of the binding member 40 to pass through, which facilitates packaging and greatly improves the efficiency of compression and packaging. .

Figure 5 shows a through slot arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. It is shown that two through grooves are provided in a crisscross manner at the bottom of the indenter 30. Of course, the number of through slots is not limited to two as shown in this embodiment, but may be configured as a plurality of strips. The plurality of through grooves are not limited to the crosswise arrangement shown in the embodiment, and may be arranged in a parallel manner or in an arrangement in which a cross is combined with a parallel manner. For example, a plurality of through grooves may be formed in a mesh shape which is criss-crossed at the bottom surface of the indenter 30, or a m-shaped shape. When the compressed material 2 is bundled, it can be restrained from the four sides of the material 2 at the same time, so that the compressed material 2 is more stable, the compression ratio can be well maintained, and the manufacturing process of the material compression packaging device 1 can be optimized. Simple, improve work efficiency.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the channel structure shown in Figure 5. As shown, the two intersecting through

grooves

31, 32 are configured to have different depths, and the depth of the through groove 31 is smaller than the depth of the through groove 32, so that the two binding members 40 penetrate the intersecting through grooves 31 from different directions. At 32 o'clock, the packaging process is not affected by mutual interference, which improves work efficiency and saves operation time. Of course, the manner in which the groove depths are different is not limited to the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. Those skilled in the art can set the depth of the corresponding channel as needed when more channels are provided.

The binding member 40 is typically made of a stronger material to enhance the binding effect. Further, the binding member 40 can be elongate in shape to save material and facilitate passage through the channel and achieve bundling. E.g, The binding member 40 can be a wire and a wire. Of course, the material and shape of the binding member are not limited to this. In an embodiment of the invention, the binding member 40 has two free ends 41 which are required to pass at least one free end 41 of the wire or wire through the

channels

31, 32 during the baling process and to connect the two free ends 41 to each other. Knotted or fixed by other components to secure the compressed material 2 firmly. It should be understood that for an elongated shaped bundling, two free ends are preferred, but for other forms of bundling, the number of free ends is not limited thereto.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent the binding member 40 preset to the bottom of the storage container 10 from being misaligned and affecting the binding effect, it is preferable to entangle the intersections of the binding members 40 disposed at the bottom of the storage container 10 with each other. The setting is such that the positions of the preset binding members 40 are fixed to each other to facilitate the packaging processing after the material 2 is compressed, and to prevent it from interfering with the compression process. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, the corresponding binding member 40 at the bottom end of the guiding sleeve 20 is further provided with a plurality of limiting slots 21 through which the binding member 40 in contact with it is restrained, further The activity of the binding member 40 is limited to prevent undesired movement of the binding member 40 during compression. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that as long as the mutually intersecting bundles form a joint structure at the intersection, it is not limited to the winding structure described in the embodiment.

The number of the binding members 40 may be plural, and the arrangement of the corresponding through grooves 31 may be arranged in the bottom of the storage container 10 in a parallel or intersecting manner. Illustratively, the binding members 40 are plural and configured to be preset in a criss-crossing manner at the bottom of the storage container 10 such that the binding members 40 form a mesh arrangement or a rice-shaped row at the bottom of the storage container 10. cloth. Preferably, the binding member 40 is arranged at the bottom of the storage container 10 in a cross type or a cross-shaped type. With such an arrangement, the binding of the binding member 40 to the material 2 can be made stronger, and the material 2 after the binding can be reduced. Taking up space, while minimizing the number of bundles 40, optimizing the structure of the material compression packaging device 1 and simplifying the operation.

The free ends 41 of the binding members 40 may be connected by a snap-fit structure, preferably by a one-way snap connection structure, for example, one of the free ends 41 of the binding member 40 is provided with a zigzag-shaped convex card portion, and the other free end 41 correspondingly configured with a unidirectional clamping portion engageable with the convex card portion, so that only the free end 41 with the convex card portion is passed through the through

grooves

31, 32 and the unidirectional clamping portion during the packaging process The free end 41 is inserted and mated so that the two free ends 41 can be connected and fixed. Since the unidirectional snap-fit structure between the free ends 41 can limit the movement of the joints of the free ends 41, the two free ends 41 are prevented from being disengaged from each other during transportation or centralized processing, so that the bundles 40 are compressed. The binding of material 2 is more by. Of course, the manner of connection between the free ends 41 of the binding members 40 is not limited thereto, and other structures that facilitate connection fixing may be employed.

The ram 30 is a plate-like or block-like structure that is enclosed in the guiding sleeve 20 and connected to the piston rod 51 in the hydraulic assembly 50. The hydraulic assembly 50 can drive the ram 30 to drive the hydraulic assembly 50. The lower pressing head 30 is configured to perform a lifting movement in the guiding sleeve 20 along its axial direction to compress the material 2 to be pressed placed in the guiding sleeve 20.

The following describes the process of compression and packaging of materials in conjunction with Figure 7 and Figure 8:

First, the binding member 40 is preset to the bottom of the storage container 10 when the material compression packaging device 1 is at rest, and its free end 41 can be extended outward through the gap between the guiding sleeve 20 and the storage container 10;

Then, the guide sleeve 20 is lowered into the storage container 10 by the sleeve hydraulic cylinder 60, and the material 2 to be pressed is introduced into the guide sleeve 20, and the piston rod 51 connected to the pressure head 30 is driven by the hydraulic assembly 50. The ram 30 is driven to compress the material 2 to be pressed. During compression, in order to increase the filling rate of the storage container 10, the indenter 30 can be lifted to a certain distance from the top of the guiding sleeve 20 to continue to feed the material 2 into the guiding sleeve 20, and then repeat the material. 2 compression processing;

Finally, when the compressed material 2 is substantially flush with the height of the storage container 10, the guiding sleeve 20 is driven by the sleeve hydraulic cylinder 60 to drive the guiding sleeve 20 up along the storage container 10 and from the storage container. Removed in 10, the indenter 30 placed in which the compression work is completed on the material 2 and is in a stopped state is exposed. At this time, the free ends 41 of the binding members 40 are respectively passed through their corresponding through

grooves

31, 32, and the two free ends 41 of the binding member 40 are connected and fixed, and the packaging process of the compressed material 2 is completed.

Claims

A material compression packaging device, comprising:

a storage container having an opening at one end thereof for loading material;

An indenter, the indenter is pressed against the material by an external force;

a guiding sleeve movably sleeved between the ram and the storage container through an opening of the storage container and forming a gap with an inner wall of the storage container ;as well as

a binding member disposed at a bottom of the storage container and having a free end projecting outward through the gap;

Wherein the bottom surface of the indenter is provided with a through groove corresponding to the free end of the binding member, and the through groove is shaped to at least partially block the compressed material from entering the through groove, so that the binding The free end of the piece is capable of bundling the compressed material through the corresponding channel after the guide sleeve is removed from the storage container.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a width of at least a portion of a cross section of the through groove is greater than a width of the through groove opening.
The material compression and packaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the through groove has a cross-sectional shape of an inverted trapezoid.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the through groove has a circular cross section shape.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the through groove comprises at least two through grooves arranged in an intersecting manner.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the at least two through grooves have different depths.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said through groove comprises at least two through grooves arranged in a parallel manner.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the binding member has an elongated shape.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the binding member comprises at least two binding members arranged in an intersecting manner at the bottom of the storage container and connected to each other at an intersection.
The material compression and packaging apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said binding member has two free ends, and one of said two free ends passes through said through groove and is connected to the other free end, The compressed body is bundled.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the two free ends of the binding member have a one-way snap connection structure.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the binding member is a plastic or metal material.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the height of the guiding sleeve is higher than the height of the storage container.
The material compression packaging device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the guiding sleeve is provided with a limiting groove corresponding to the binding member.
The material compression and packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guide sleeve is provided with a viewing port.
The material compression packaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material is radioactive waste.