WO2017156721A1 - Alliage de cuivre ultra-résistant et auto-lubrifiant et son procédé de préparation - Google Patents

Alliage de cuivre ultra-résistant et auto-lubrifiant et son procédé de préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017156721A1
WO2017156721A1 PCT/CN2016/076442 CN2016076442W WO2017156721A1 WO 2017156721 A1 WO2017156721 A1 WO 2017156721A1 CN 2016076442 W CN2016076442 W CN 2016076442W WO 2017156721 A1 WO2017156721 A1 WO 2017156721A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
copper alloy
sintering
mass fraction
lead
powder
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PCT/CN2016/076442
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄劲松
夏子航
金鑫
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湖南特力新材料有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/076442 priority Critical patent/WO2017156721A1/fr
Publication of WO2017156721A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017156721A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a metal material and a manufacturing technique thereof, particularly a self-lubricating copper alloy and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • Lead brass has excellent self-lubricating and cutting performance characteristics, and can meet various wear-resisting and anti-friction service conditions.
  • lead has the characteristics of being brittle and not hard.
  • the melting point of lead is only 327.5 ° C.
  • lead brass is used as a wear-resistant part, the temperature rise caused by friction heating will make the lead particles softer.
  • the micro-particles act to lubricate and reduce friction, thereby extending the life of the self and the pair of parts, and maintaining the effectiveness of the mechanism.
  • the presence of lead in brass has a decisive effect on its self-lubricating properties, but on the other hand, its presence does not affect the performance of lead brass.
  • the mechanical properties of lead brass such as hardness and tensile strength
  • the strength is lower than that of ordinary copper alloys, and it cannot meet the requirements of high strength such as wear-resistant anti-friction parts under heavy load conditions.
  • the discarded lead brass is in contact with the soil, and the lead contained in the soil enters the soil under the long-term action of rain and the atmosphere, thereby contaminating the soil and water.
  • Abandoned lead brass is used as a waste incineration. Lead vapor is emitted into the atmosphere and is extremely harmful to the human body. Therefore, its application is increasingly restricted.
  • the object of the present invention is to effectively solve the problem that the lead brass pollutes the environment and the mechanical properties are low, and provides a super high-strength self-lubricating new material for the production of wear-resistant friction reducing parts.
  • the mass fraction of each element in the copper alloy is: aluminum 1.2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4-2.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, Sl.5%-2.7%, HO.2%-1.2%, 3 ⁇ 40.2%-0.5%, 3 ⁇ 40.5 %-1.0%, 3 ⁇ 410%-0.21%, the balance is copper, other elements are impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the copper alloy powder has a particle size of less than or equal to 147 ⁇ m, and the ferrous sulfide powder has a particle size of less than or equal to 38 ⁇ m.
  • the copper alloy powder, the ferrous sulfide powder and the binder are 0.6 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4-0.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, wherein the ferrous sulfide powder accounts for 0.28 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4-0.58 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 of the total mass, and the binder accounts for 0.6%-0.8 of the total mass.
  • the balance is copper alloy powder, and then all the powders are placed together in a V-type mixer or a planetary ball-type grinding machine, mixing 4-6 ⁇ between the crucibles, pressing immediately after mixing, and then sintering
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating 2-5 hours, sintering temperature 900-960 ° C, sintering 40-80 minutes, the sintering atmosphere is hydrogen atmosphere or vacuum.
  • various powders and binders are prepared according to the following mass fraction ratio: 0.28%-0.58% of ferrous sulfide powder, 0.6 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4-0.8% of binder, and the balance is copper alloy powder; Mix the powder in the V-type mixer or on the planetary ball-type grinding frame. Mix 4-6 hours after mixing, and immediately press it after mixing. After pressing, the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating 2-5 hours, sintering temperature 900-960 ° C, sintering 40-80 minutes, the sintering atmosphere is hydrogen atmosphere or vacuum.
  • Aluminum, manganese, iron, silicon, nickel and the like are all copper strengthening elements, and the addition of copper can significantly improve the mechanical properties. Due to the porosity, the strength of the sintered copper alloy is relatively low. To further improve the mechanical properties of the powder metallurgy copper alloy, it is necessary to combine the hot extrusion to make the sintered copper alloy reach the densification and refine the grain structure, so that the copper alloy Maximize the effect. Thermal deformation energy of the alloy Strong, no need for jacket treatment, direct hot extrusion.
  • a method of adding manganese and ferrous sulfide in a copper alloy is adopted.
  • the ferrous sulfide reacts with manganese.
  • the formation of manganese sulfide or a mixture of manganese sulfide and other sulfides the same as the replacement of iron to enhance the strengthening of copper alloy.
  • the in-situ generated sulfide is mainly manganese sulfide, and the combination with the copper alloy structure is a metallurgical combination, the interface is coherent or semi-coherent, and the strength is high.
  • the in-situ reaction product manganese sulfide has a layered structure, its structural characteristics are similar to those of graphite, and its homogeny also has soft and slippery properties.
  • the presence of manganese sulfide in copper alloys is comparable to that in lead brass, which has a lubricating and friction-reducing effect on the friction pair.
  • the lubrication and antifriction mechanism of manganese sulfide is consistent with the lubrication and friction reduction mechanism of lead in lead brass.
  • the formed manganese sulfide particles and the copper alloy grains have good bonding, the interface is clean, and the bonding strength is high.
  • the graphite particles in the graphite self-lubricating copper alloy have no such effect as the manganese sulfide particles, so in addition to the self-lubricating copper alloy. It has good lubrication and also has higher strength than graphite self-lubricating copper alloy.
  • the samples were tested for the Brinell hardness, tensile strength and dry friction coefficient of the brass.
  • Brass has good hot workability and can be subjected to red punching. Brass has good self-lubricating properties and a low coefficient of friction.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 1.6 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, silicon (Si) 0.6 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.3%, other elements are copper And inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder was 0.3%, the mass fraction of the binder was 0.7%, and the balance was copper alloy powder. The mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours, so as to charge Remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 960 ° C and the crucible was sintered for 40 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the experimental results show that the sintered lead-free free-cutting brass has a Brinell hardness of HB162, a tensile strength of 700.5 MPa, and a dry friction coefficient of 0.420.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.1%, silicon (Si) 0.6 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.8%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder was 0.3%, the mass fraction of the binder was 0.7%, and the balance was copper alloy powder. The mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 4 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 4 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 940 ° C, and sintering was carried out for 60 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.7%, silicon (Si) 0.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.8%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder was 0.3%, the mass fraction of the binder was 0.7%, and the balance was copper alloy powder. The mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 5 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 3 hours to fully remove the binder. Sintering temperature was 920 ° C, and sintering was carried out for 80 minutes. The sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering.
  • the experimental results show that the sintered lead-free free-cutting brass has a Brinell hardness of HB165, a tensile strength of 703.6 MPa, and a dry friction coefficient of 0.419.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.1%, silicon (Si) 1.0 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 1.2%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder was 0.3%, the mass fraction of the binder was 0.6%, and the balance was copper alloy powder. The mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 2 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 900 ° C, and the crucible was sintered for 60 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • Experimental knot It was found that the sintered lead-free free-cutting brass had a Brinell hardness of HB164, a tensile strength of 702.1 MPa, and a dry friction coefficient of 0.418.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.1%, silicon (Si) 0.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.8%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder was 0.3%, the mass fraction of the binder was 0.7%, and the balance was copper alloy powder. The mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 940 ° C, and the sintering was performed for 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.7%, silicon (Si) 1.0 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.8%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder was 0.3%, the mass fraction of the binder was 0.7%, and the balance was copper alloy powder.
  • the powder is mixed by a planetary ball mill, and the mixing time is 6 hours, and it is pressed immediately after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder. Sintering temperature was 920 ° C, and sintering was carried out for 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 1.6 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, silicon (Si) 0.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 1.2%, other elements are copper And inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder was 0.3%, the mass fraction of the binder was 0.7%, and the balance was copper alloy powder. The mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 960 ° C, and the crucible was sintered for 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the experimental results show that the sintered lead-free free-cutting brass has a Brinell hardness of HB164 and a tensile strength of 702.5 MPa.
  • the dry friction coefficient is 0.419.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.1%, silicon (Si) 1.0 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.8%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder is 0.5%, the mass fraction of the binder is 0.7%, and the balance is copper alloy powder.
  • the mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 900 ° C and the sintering was carried out for 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.7%, silicon (Si) 0.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 2.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.8%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder is 0.5%, the mass fraction of the binder is 0.8%, and the balance is copper alloy powder.
  • the mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 5 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 960 ° C and the sintering time was 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.7%, silicon (Si) 1.0 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 2.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 1.2%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder is 0.5%
  • the mass fraction of the binder is 0.7%
  • the balance is copper alloy powder.
  • the mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 940 ° C, and the crucible was sintered for 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the experimental results show that the sintered lead-free free-cutting brass has a Brinell hardness of HB176, a tensile strength of 720.1 MPa, and a dry friction coefficient of 0.383.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.1%, silicon (Si) 0.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 2.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 0.8%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder is 0.5%, the mass fraction of the binder is 0.7%, and the balance is copper alloy powder.
  • the mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 960 ° C and the sintering time was 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.1%, silicon (Si) 0.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 2.3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 1.2%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder is 0.5%, the mass fraction of the binder is 0.7%, and the balance is copper alloy powder.
  • the mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 960 ° C and the sintering time was 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the composition of the copper alloy powder (all mass fraction), manganese (Mn) 2.1%, silicon (Si) 1.0 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, aluminum (Al) 1.8 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, nickel (Ni) 1.2%, other elements are copper and Inevitable impurities, the content of each impurity is not more than 0.07%, and the total amount of impurities is not more than 0.7%.
  • the mass fraction of the ferrous sulfide powder is 0.5%, the mass fraction of the binder is 0.7%, and the balance is copper alloy powder.
  • the mixture was mixed with a V-type mixer, and the mixing time was 6 hours, and it was immediately pressed after mixing.
  • the sintering process is: heating from room temperature to sintering temperature, heating the crucible for 5 hours to fully remove the binder.
  • the sintering temperature was 960 ° C and the sintering time was 80 minutes.
  • the sintering atmosphere is a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • the ultra-high strength self-lubricating copper alloy of the invention can be repeatedly prepared, the production process can be repeated, and the production process is simple and reliable, and the production and processing cost is low.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un alliage de cuivre ultra-résistant et auto-lubrifiant et son procédé de préparation, l'alliage de cuivre comprenant (fraction en masse) : 1,2 % à 2,3 % d'aluminium, 1,5 % à 2,7 % de manganèse, 0,2 % à 1,2 % de nickel, 0,2 % à 0,5 % de fer, 0,5 % à 1,0 % de silicium, 0,10 % à 0,21 % de soufre, un reste de cuivre, les autres éléments étant des impuretés, la teneur en chaque impureté n'étant pas supérieure à 0,07 %, et la quantité totale des impuretés n'étant pas supérieure à 0,7 %.
PCT/CN2016/076442 2016-03-16 2016-03-16 Alliage de cuivre ultra-résistant et auto-lubrifiant et son procédé de préparation WO2017156721A1 (fr)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2635470A1 (fr) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-28 Wieland-Werke Ag Alliage de cuivre et de zinc, procede de fabrication et utilisation
CN102306558A (zh) * 2011-08-25 2012-01-04 哈尔滨东大高新材料股份有限公司 一种低压电器用铜合金电接触材料及其制备方法
CN102918182A (zh) * 2010-04-15 2013-02-06 米巴·格来特来格有限公司 具有抗微动磨损层的多层滑动轴承

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2635470A1 (fr) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-28 Wieland-Werke Ag Alliage de cuivre et de zinc, procede de fabrication et utilisation
CN102918182A (zh) * 2010-04-15 2013-02-06 米巴·格来特来格有限公司 具有抗微动磨损层的多层滑动轴承
CN102306558A (zh) * 2011-08-25 2012-01-04 哈尔滨东大高新材料股份有限公司 一种低压电器用铜合金电接触材料及其制备方法

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