WO2017155047A1

WO2017155047A1 - Power distribution monitoring control system

Info

Publication number: WO2017155047A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/009515
Authority: WO
Inventors: 喜仁木下; 岩渕　一徳; 大輔竹田
Original assignee: 株式会社東芝
Priority date: 2016-03-11
Filing date: 2017-03-09
Publication date: 2017-09-14
Also published as: JP2017163781A

Abstract

The power distribution monitoring control system of an embodiment has an acquisition unit, a representative sensor selection unit, and a monitoring control unit. The acquisition unit acquires the voltage measurement values measured by a plurality of sensors installed within a power distribution system. The representative sensor selection unit refers to the voltage measurement values acquired by the acquisition unit, and selects, as a representative sensor, a sensor which has high voltage measurement value relevance to other sensors among the plurality of sensors. The monitoring control unit monitors voltage distributions in the power distribution system on the basis of the voltage measurement value of the representative sensor as selected by the representative sensor selection unit.

Description

Power distribution monitoring and control device

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a power distribution monitoring and control apparatus.

The distribution system for supplying power to consumers is composed of, for example, a 6 to 20 kV class high voltage distribution system (MV system) and a 100 to 400 V class low voltage distribution system (LV system). The distribution system branches from the distribution substation feeder to a plurality of low-voltage distribution systems through the high-voltage distribution system, and supplies power to each low-voltage consumer through the low-voltage distribution system. In this distribution system, it is necessary to keep the voltage fluctuation of the low-voltage distribution system within 5 to 10%, for example. However, in reality, the voltage of the low-voltage distribution system is not directly monitored and controlled, but the voltage fluctuation of the high-voltage distribution system is maintained in a range of about 2 to 3%, for example, so that the voltage of the low-voltage distribution system is indirectly Monitoring and control are performed.

In recent years, the introduction of small distributed power sources using renewable energy such as sunlight and wind power has been progressing in the distribution system, and with this, voltage fluctuations in the distribution system tend to expand. In addition, the introduction of an energy management system that supports energy saving activities within consumers and the increase in charging facilities for electric vehicles can cause voltage fluctuations that are difficult to predict in the distribution system.

By the way, the introduction of smart meters is being promoted at desired locations in each customer and distribution system, mainly for the purpose of improving the efficiency of the meter reading work for power consumption. Also, smart meters, MDMS (Data Management System) which is a data management system, and AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure) which is a communication infrastructure including a transmission path connecting them are being developed. This AMI can collect power measurement values by a smart meter installed in each consumer, for example, at a sampling interval of 15 minutes to 60 minutes. For this reason, AMI is also being used for power saving support for consumers by “visualization” of power consumption. Also, an AMI having a bidirectional communication function capable of instructing a smart meter from MDMS to start and stop the power supply operation of a consumer and to transmit a voltage measurement value or the like is also used.

In such a background, a technology is known in which each customer's smart meter is used as a low voltage sensor for a low voltage distribution system and is used for voltage control. For example, a technique for selecting a representative sensor on the basis of measuring a voltage deviation from a voltage management range of a low-voltage distribution system or measuring a maximum value or a minimum value of a voltage in a certain period is known. In this technology, the measured value of the voltage by the representative sensor is acquired at a constant cycle using AMI that enables bidirectional communication, and the maximum and minimum values of the voltage distribution of the target distribution system are monitored, and this voltage is monitored. The voltage is adjusted by a low voltage regulator (LVR: Low Voltage Regulator) or a line voltage regulator (SVR: Step Voltage Regulator) so that the distribution is within the voltage management range.

However, in the conventional technology, since the smart meter that measures the maximum value and the minimum value is selected as the representative sensor, a group of smart meters that tend to output standard measurement values cannot be selected. . For this reason, there has been a case where a measurement value suitable for monitoring the distribution of the distribution voltage or controlling the voltage cannot be obtained.

International Publication No. 2010/129691

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a distribution monitoring control device capable of selecting a representative sensor that outputs a voltage measurement value suitable for monitoring distribution voltage distribution or controlling voltage.

The power distribution monitoring and control device of the embodiment includes an acquisition unit, a representative sensor selection unit, and a monitoring control unit. The acquisition unit acquires voltage measurement values measured by a plurality of sensors installed in the distribution system. The representative sensor selection unit refers to the voltage measurement value acquired by the acquisition unit, and selects, as a representative sensor, a sensor having high interlocking of the voltage measurement value with respect to another sensor among the plurality of sensors. The monitoring control unit monitors a voltage distribution in the distribution system based on a voltage measurement value of the representative sensor selected by the representative sensor selection unit.

The figure which shows an example of the use environment of the power distribution monitoring control apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The function block diagram of the power distribution monitoring control apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of representative sensor selection processing according to the first embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the power distribution area EA determined by the power distribution area determination part 120 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows a mode that the voltage measurement value y of the smart meter 22 which is not a representative sensor is calculated | required by a regression type based on the voltage measurement value x of the smart meter 22 which is a representative sensor by single regression analysis. The flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process performed by the monitoring control part 140 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The function block diagram of the power distribution monitoring control apparatus 100 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the selection process of the representative sensor which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the power distribution monitoring control device of the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a usage environment of the power distribution monitoring control device 100 according to the first embodiment. A power distribution system ES that is a target to be monitored and controlled by the power distribution monitoring and control apparatus 100 according to the embodiment includes a high-voltage distribution system (MV system) 10 and a low-voltage distribution system (LV system) 20. The power supplied from the backbone system RS is supplied to the low voltage distribution system 20 via the high voltage distribution system 10.

The electric power supplied from the main system RS is sent to the pole transformer (LV transformer) 14 via the high-voltage distribution line 13 from the transformer feeder provided in the on-load tap switching device (LRT) 15. . A delivery point measuring instrument 12 is attached to the delivery point of the high-voltage distribution line 13. The electric power transformed to a low voltage by the pole transformer 14 is supplied to the low voltage consumer via the low voltage distribution line 21. A smart meter (sensor) 22 is installed in some or all of the low-pressure consumers.

Each smart meter 22 automatically transmits measurement data to the bidirectional AMI system 30 at a sampling interval of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, or 60 minutes, for example. The bidirectional AMI system 30 includes a transmission path that connects the AMI control device 31 and the smart meter 22 in addition to the AMI control device 31 and the meter data management device (MDMS) 32. The AMI control device 31 collects the electric energy integration measurement data of each smart meter 22 using the AMI communication function. The measurement data of the smart meter 22 includes, for example, identification information of low-voltage consumers, measurement time, and electric energy integrated measurement value.

When the AMI control device 31 instructs each smart meter 22 to transmit the voltage measurement value, the instructed smart meter 22 transmits the voltage measurement value to the AMI control device 31, and the AMI control device 31 transmits the voltage measurement value. To collect. The collection of the voltage measurement values is performed, for example, at a frequency of about once every several hours so that the communication load is not excessive.

Further, in the case of the present embodiment, the AMI control device 31 is higher than the specific smart meter 22 (representative sensor) that has narrowed down from all the smart meters 22 in response to a request from the power distribution monitoring control device 100. Instructs the frequency to transmit the voltage measurement value. In addition, although the smart meter 22 was illustrated as a means to measure a voltage within the power distribution system ES, not only this but a voltage sensor of any kind may be used.

The measurement data of the smart meter 22 collected by the AMI control device 31 is sent to the meter data management device 32 and stored. The meter data management device 32 includes a storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or a flash memory, and stores various data acquired from the AMI control device 31.

On the upstream side of the delivery point of the high-voltage distribution line 13, a load tap switching device (LRT) 15 is attached. A line voltage regulator (SVR) 16 is attached to an arbitrary portion of the high voltage distribution line 13. Near the end of the high-voltage distribution line 13, a static reactive power compensator (SVC) 17 is attached.

The on-load tap switching device 15 includes a transformer, a switching mechanism capable of switching the taps of the windings while the transformer is loaded, a switching mechanism drive device and an attached device. Similarly, the voltage regulator 16 for the line can adjust the voltage by switching the tap of the transformer. The static reactive power compensator 17 controls the voltage of the high-voltage distribution line 13 by controlling reactive power (Reactive Power). And the AMI control apparatus 31 transmits a control command value with respect to these structures which have a reception function. Hereinafter, the on-load tap switching device 15, the line voltage regulator 16, and the static reactive power compensator 17 are collectively referred to as voltage regulators. The control command value given to the voltage adjustment device may be determined by the control of the AMI control device 31 or may be determined based on an instruction from the power distribution monitoring control device 100.

FIG. 2 is a functional configuration diagram of the power distribution monitoring control device 100 according to the first embodiment. The power distribution monitoring control device 100 includes, for example, a communication interface 110, a power distribution area determination unit 120, a representative sensor selection unit 130, a monitoring control unit 140, an input / output unit 150, and a storage unit 160. The distribution area determination unit 120, the representative sensor selection unit 130, and the monitoring control unit 140 are software function units that function when a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) executes a program stored in the storage unit 160, for example. . Also, some or all of these functional units may be hardware functional units such as LSI (Large Scale Integration) and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).

The communication interface 110 is used to connect to a network such as a WAN (Wide Area Network) or a LAN (Local Area Network) constructed between the power distribution monitoring and control apparatus 100 and the AMI control apparatus 31 and the meter data management apparatus 32. It is a communication interface. The power distribution monitoring control device 100 and the AMI control device 31 and the meter data management device 32 may be connected by a dedicated line such as a serial bus. Further, the power distribution monitoring control device 100 may be integrated into the AMI control device 31 or the meter data management device 32.

The distribution area determining unit 120 refers to the voltage measurement value measured by the smart meter 22 acquired by the communication interface 110, and in the distribution system ES, the distribution area which is a unit area to be monitored by the monitoring control unit 140. decide.

The representative sensor selection unit 130 refers to the voltage measurement value measured by the smart meter 22 acquired by the communication interface 110, and from the one or more smart meters 22 installed in the distribution area in the distribution system ES, One or more representative sensors having a high degree of similarity in voltage measurement values with the sensors are selected.

The monitoring control unit 140 monitors the voltage of the distribution system ES by monitoring the voltage measurement value by the representative sensor selected by the representative sensor selection unit 130.

The input / output unit 150 includes, for example, a display unit such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or an organic EL (Electroluminescence) display device, and an input unit such as a keyboard, a mouse, or a touch panel. The input / output unit 150 may include an audio output unit such as a speaker or a buzzer.

The storage unit 160 includes, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), an HDD, a flash memory, and the like. At least a part of the storage unit 160 may be an external device viewed from the power distribution monitoring control device 100 using a NAS (Network Attached Storage) device or the like.

[Selection of representative sensor]
Hereinafter, functions of the power distribution area determination unit 120, the representative sensor selection unit 130, and the monitoring control unit 140 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of representative sensor selection processing according to the first embodiment. The processing of this flowchart is performed, for example, at a frequency of about once every several months, automatically or according to an execution instruction given to the input / output unit 150.

First, the power distribution area determination unit 120 acquires time series data of voltage measurement values of the smart meter 22 stored by the meter data management device 32 (S200). Hereinafter, it is assumed that there are m smart meters 22, and the following definitions will be used. In the formula, n is the sampling number. When data for 24 hours is acquired with a measurement sampling interval of 15 minutes, n = 96. For these time series data, the voltage measurement values may be used as they are, or they may be converted to values suitable for processing by performing normalization processing. Further, the power distribution monitoring and control apparatus 100 may perform the following processing by excluding the measured time series data for the smart meter 22 in which some or all of the time series data is missing.

Time series data of voltage measurement values of the first smart meter 22: X ₁₁ , X ₁₂ ,..., X _1n
Time series data of voltage measurement values of the second smart meter 22: X ₂₁ , X ₂₂ ,..., X _2n .
Time series data of voltage measurement values of the mth smart meter 22: X _m1 , X _m2 ,..., X _mn

Next, the power distribution area determination unit 120 calculates the similarity between the time series data of the voltage measurement values of the smart meter 22 (S202). For example, the representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient R _ij as the similarity between the time-series data of the voltage measurement values of the smart meter 22. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient R _ij is expressed by Equation (1). The arguments i and j indicate what number the smart meter 22 is. Moreover, those lines on the X _i or X _j is attached, the arithmetic mean of the X _i or X _j, i.e. i-th or voltage measurement value of the j-th smart meter 22 the arithmetic mean of the (time-series data) Show. A geometric average or a harmonic average may be used instead of the arithmetic average.

Next, the distribution area determination unit 120 converts the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient _{R ij} represented by the formula (1), the equation (2), the index value _{D ij} indicating the dissimilarity.

Then, for example, the power distribution area determination unit 120 performs cluster analysis using the index value D _ij to group time series data with high similarity, thereby grouping the smart meters 22 related to time series data. . Thereby, the power distribution area determination unit 120 determines a power distribution area that is a unit area to be monitored by the monitoring control unit 140 in the power distribution system ES (S204).

The power distribution area determination unit 120 may perform either hierarchical cluster analysis or non-hierarchical cluster analysis. However, for a distribution system ES in which an urban center with a short average electrical distance and a suburb with a relatively long average electrical distance are mixed, a hierarchical cluster that can be classified by the level of voltage fluctuation Analysis is preferably used. In addition, Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient _Rij is exemplified as an index value indicating dissimilarity, but Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, Mahalanobis general distance, etc. are calculated as index values indicating dissimilarity, and calculated. The index value thus obtained may be used for determining the distribution area. However, in order to reflect the dissimilarity between the time-series data of the voltage measurement values, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient R _ij represented by Equation (2) is preferably used.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the power distribution area EA determined by the power distribution area determination unit 120 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, two power distribution areas EA (1) and EA (2) are determined. As shown in FIG. 4, the distribution area EA may extend over a plurality of low-voltage distribution systems or may be included in one low-voltage distribution system.

Next, the representative sensor selection unit 130 and the monitoring control unit 140 execute the processes of steps S206 and S208 for each power distribution area EA. First, the representative sensor selection unit 130 selects a representative sensor in the power distribution area EA (S206).

Based on the voltage measurement value of each smart meter 22 in each distribution area EA determined by the distribution area determination unit 120, the representative sensor selection unit 130 determines the magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component in the low voltage distribution system 20. calculate. Further, the representative sensor selection unit 130 selects a representative sensor based on the calculated magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component.

For example, the voltage detection values of all smart meters 22 in each distribution area EA with similar voltage fluctuations are defined by equation (3). The representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates a local voltage fluctuation component in the low-voltage distribution system 20 by applying factor analysis to Expression (3).

In the formula (3), f _p from the voltage fluctuation component f ₁ indicates a common voltage fluctuation component of p species contained in all the smart meter 22 with the voltage fluctuations in the high-voltage distribution system 10, in the distribution area EA. The coefficients a ₁₁ to _amp are the ratio of the common voltage fluctuation component in the voltage fluctuation of each smart meter 22. E _m from the voltage fluctuation component e ₁ shows a voltage variation component which is not common between the smart meter 22. X _m from the voltage measurement value X ₁ measured by the smart meter 22 is indicated by these linear combinations. In the factor analysis, the representative sensor selection unit 130 assumes that the correlation coefficient (equation (1)) between f and e is 0, so that the coefficient a of the common voltage fluctuation component f and the voltage fluctuation component e not common Is estimated.

Voltage fluctuation component e _i which is not common between the smart meter 22 in the formula (3) shows the local voltage fluctuation component of the low-voltage distribution system 20. Therefore, a representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates a voltage fluctuation component e _i by performing a factor analysis, the calculated variance sigma _i of the voltage fluctuation component e _i, local voltage fluctuation component of the low-voltage distribution system 20 Is calculated as the size of. Here, the magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component (variance σ _i ) is used as an index indicating the linkage of the voltage measurement values to the other smart meters 22. For example, the representative sensor selection unit 130 determines that the interlock is high as the variance σ _i is small, and the interlock is low as the variance σ _i is large.

The representative sensor selection unit 130 determines the minimum value among the smart meters 22 in which the magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component (variance σ _i ) obtained by performing the factor analysis is equal to or less than a predetermined value set in advance. The smart meter 22 having the highest frequency is selected as the representative sensor. Note that, when only one representative sensor is selected, the representative sensor selection unit 130 may select the smart meter 22 having the smallest local voltage fluctuation component magnitude (variance σ _i ) as the representative sensor.

As described above, the representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates the voltage fluctuation component f common to the plurality of smart meters 22 and the voltage fluctuation component e not common to the plurality of smart meters 22, and the magnitude of the voltage fluctuation component e ( A smart meter 22 having a small variance (σ _i ) (a smart meter having high voltage measurement value linkage to other smart meters) is selected as a representative sensor.

Through this process, a representative sensor that outputs a voltage measurement value suitable for monitoring the distribution of the distribution voltage can be selected. The smart meter 22 having high linkage with the voltage measurement values for the other smart meters 22 tends to output voltage measurement values that vary typically or on average in the group of smart meters 22. If the representative sensor selection unit 130 monitors the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 selected as the representative sensor, the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 that is not the representative sensor can be estimated to some extent accurately.

Next, the monitoring control unit 140 uses the measured voltage values x _Rp1 , x _Rp2 ,... Of the representative voltage sensors Rp1, Rp2,... As explanatory variables, and the measured value x _i of each smart meter 22 other than the representative voltage sensor as an objective variable. Each regression equation (voltage estimation equation) is constructed (S208). For example, the monitoring control unit 140 obtains coefficients a _1i , a _2i ,... Of the regression equation represented by the equation (4). In equation (4), b _i is an offset component that appears in the voltage measurement value of the i-th smart meter 22.

Here, when there is one representative voltage sensor, the voltage estimation formula is a regression formula based on a single regression analysis. On the other hand, when there are two or more representative sensors or when the power flow to the power distribution area EA can be measured, the voltage estimation equation may be a regression equation using multiple regression analysis. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the voltage measurement value y of the smart meter 22 that is not the representative sensor is obtained by a regression equation based on the voltage measurement value x of the smart meter 22 that is the representative sensor by single regression analysis.

Next, the monitoring control unit 140 shifts to monitoring using the representative sensor selected in step S206. That is, the monitoring control unit 140 replaces the representative sensor used in the monitoring control (S210). The process of step S210 is performed in a time zone where the fluctuation range of the distribution voltage is small (for example, late at night or early morning) in order to prevent discontinuity in the monitoring control.

[Monitoring control]
The monitoring control unit 140 monitors the voltage distribution for each power distribution area EA based on the voltage measurement value of the representative sensor selected as described above. For example, the monitoring control unit 140 estimates the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 that is not the representative sensor for each power distribution area EA. Thereafter, the monitoring control unit 140 monitors the voltage distribution for each power distribution area EA based on the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 that is the representative sensor and the estimated value of the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 that is not the representative sensor.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of processing executed by the monitoring control unit 140 according to the first embodiment. The process of this flowchart is performed more frequently than the representative sensor selection process (for example, every few minutes to several tens of minutes).

First, the monitoring control unit 140 specifies the smart meter 22 that is a representative sensor to the AMI control device 31 via the communication interface 110, and requests acquisition of a voltage measurement value by the smart meter 22 that is the representative sensor (S300). ). As described above, the AMI control device 31 instructs the smart meter 22 that is the representative sensor designated by the monitoring control unit 140 to transmit the voltage measurement value. Thereafter, the AMI control device 31 transfers the voltage measurement value returned from the smart meter 22 to the power distribution monitoring control device 100.

Next, the monitoring control unit 140 acquires a voltage measurement value by the smart meter 22 as a representative sensor from the AMI control device 31 via the communication interface 110 (S302).

Next, the monitoring control unit 140 estimates a voltage measurement value by the smart meter 22 that is not the representative sensor, using the voltage estimation formula constructed in step S208 of the representative sensor selection process (S304). Then, the monitoring control unit 140 causes the input / output unit 150 to output information capable of recognizing both the voltage measurement value acquired in step S302 and the voltage measurement value estimated in step S304 (S306). Note that the monitoring control unit 140 may cause the input / output unit 150 to output information capable of recognizing the voltage measurement value estimated in step S304. For example, the input / output unit 150 displays the voltage measurement value (including both the actual measurement value and the estimated value) for each smart meter 22 in the form of a graph or the like on the display unit.

The monitoring control unit 140 includes, for example, a voltage measurement value (both an actual measurement value and an estimated value) for the smart meter 22 including both the smart meter 22 that is a representative sensor and the smart meter 22 that is not a representative sensor. ) Controls the input / output unit 150 to perform alert display or audio output when the upper limit value is exceeded or below the lower limit value. As a result, the distribution voltage in the distribution area can be controlled to fall within a desired range.

In addition, the monitoring control unit 140 controls the input / output unit 150 to perform alert display or audio output when the voltage measurement value by the smart meter 22 as a representative sensor exceeds the upper limit value or falls below the lower limit value. May be. In this case, the upper limit value and the lower limit value are preferably set within a range narrower than the upper limit value and the lower limit value provided for both the actual measurement value and the estimated value. Accordingly, it is possible to easily control the distribution voltage in the distribution area to be within a desired range by using the voltage measurement value by the smart meter 22 as the representative sensor.

Next, the supervisory control unit 140 controls the voltage adjustment device (load tap switching) so that the voltage measurement value of the representative voltage sensor and the estimated value of the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 that is not the representative sensor do not deviate from a desired range. The device 15, the line voltage regulator 16, and the static reactive power compensator 17) are controlled (S308).

The monitoring control unit 140, for example, for the smart meter 22 including both the smart meter 22 that is a representative sensor and the smart meter 22 that is not a representative sensor, voltage measurement values (including both actual measurement values and estimated values). When either exceeds the upper limit value or falls below the lower limit value, the AMI control device 31 is configured to output a control command value to some or all of the voltage adjusting devices so as to adjust the voltage of the high voltage distribution line 13. Instruct. As a result, the distribution voltage in the distribution area can be controlled to fall within a desired range.

According to the power distribution monitoring control device 100 of the first embodiment described above, a representative sensor that outputs a voltage measurement value suitable for monitoring the distribution voltage distribution can be selected.

In addition, according to the power distribution monitoring and control apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, the smart meter 22 and the two-way AMI system 30 are utilized without using detailed information regarding the configuration of the power distribution system, power flow calculation, or the like, and the low voltage power distribution. System voltage can be monitored.

Further, according to the power distribution monitoring control device 100 of the first embodiment, the distribution voltage distribution can be monitored in more detail by estimating the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 that is not the representative sensor by regression analysis.

Moreover, according to the power distribution monitoring and control apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, the number of representative sensors can be made smaller than the number of smart meters 22. For this reason, even when there is a restriction on the communication load, voltage monitoring with good responsiveness can be performed by shortening the monitoring cycle.

In the first embodiment, a predetermined area (or input by an operator) may be handled as the distribution area EA, and the distribution area determination unit 120 may be omitted.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates a voltage fluctuation component f common to the plurality of smart meters 22 and a voltage fluctuation component e not common to the plurality of smart meters 22, and A sensor with a small size was selected as the representative sensor. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates an average value of a plurality of voltage measurement values measured by each of the plurality of smart meters 22, and a difference between the voltage measurement value and the average value. A sensor having a small variance of the change amount is selected as a representative sensor. In the following, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and description of points in common with the first embodiment will be omitted.

In step S206 of FIG. 3, the representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates a local voltage fluctuation component common to the plurality of smart meters 22 based on the equation (5). Since the common voltage fluctuation component in the distribution area EA is a voltage fluctuation component that appears in many smart meters 22 in the distribution area EA, the representative sensor selection unit 130 determines the average value of the voltage measurement values of the plurality of smart meters 22. V _ave is calculated as a common voltage fluctuation component in the power distribution area EA. Further, the representative sensor selection unit 130 uses the variance σ _i of the change amount of the difference between the voltage measurement value X _i and the average value V _{ave of} each smart meter 22 as the magnitude of the voltage fluctuation component corresponding to the local voltage change. calculate. Here, the magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component (variance σ _i ) is used as an index indicating the linkage of the voltage measurement values to the other smart meters 22. For example, the representative sensor selection unit 130 determines that the interlock is high as the variance σ _i is small, and the interlock is low as the variance σ _i is large.

The representative sensor selection unit 130 selects, as a representative sensor, the smart meter 22 in which the magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component (dispersion σ _i ) obtained using Expression (5) is equal to or less than a predetermined value set in advance. To do. Note that, when only one representative sensor is selected, the representative sensor selection unit 130 may select the smart meter 22 having the smallest local voltage fluctuation component magnitude (variance σ _i ) as the representative sensor.

As described above, the representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates an average value V _ave of the plurality of voltage measurement value X _i measured by each of the plurality of smart meters 22, the voltage measurement value X _i and the average value V _ave The smart meter 22 having a small variance σ _i of the difference in the difference between the two is selected as the representative sensor. As a result, a representative sensor that outputs a voltage measurement value suitable for monitoring the distribution of the distribution voltage can be selected.

(Third embodiment)
In the third embodiment, the power distribution monitoring and control apparatus 100 includes a sensor failure determination unit 170 that determines that the smart meter 22 is out of order when the interlock of the smart meter 22 is less than a predetermined value. Hereinafter, the description will focus on the differences from the first and second embodiments, and the description of the common points with the first and second embodiments will be omitted.

FIG. 7 is a functional configuration diagram of the power distribution monitoring control device 100 according to the third embodiment. In addition to the communication interface 110, the distribution area determination unit 120, the representative sensor selection unit 130, the monitoring control unit 140, the input / output unit 150, and the storage unit 160, the power distribution monitoring control device 100 includes a sensor failure determination unit. 170. The sensor failure determination unit 170 is a software function unit that functions when a processor such as a CPU executes a program stored in the storage unit 160, for example. The sensor failure determination unit 170 may be a hardware function unit such as an LSI or an ASIC.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of representative sensor selection processing according to the third embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment (FIG. 3) is that the sensor failure determination unit 170 performs the process of step S405. Steps S400 to S404 and S406 to S410 are the same as steps S200 to S204 and S206 to S210 shown in FIG.

In step S <b> 405 of FIG. 8, the representative sensor selection unit 130 calculates the magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component in the low voltage distribution system 20 for each smart meter 22. For example, the representative sensor selection unit 130, a variance sigma _i in the first exemplary variance sigma _i or the second embodiment in the form, calculated as the magnitude of local voltage fluctuation component. Here, the magnitude of the local voltage fluctuation component (variance σ _i ) is used as an index indicating the linkage of the voltage measurement values to the other smart meters 22. For example, the representative sensor selection unit 130 determines that the interlock is high as the variance σ _i is small, and the interlock is low as the variance σ _i is large.

The sensor failure determination unit 170, based on the size of the local voltage fluctuation component of the smart meter 22 (variance sigma _i), determines whether the smart meter 22 has failed (S405). For example, the sensor failure determination unit 170 is smart when the local voltage fluctuation component magnitude (variance σ _i ) of the smart meter 22 is larger than a predetermined value (when the interlock of the smart meter 22 is less than the predetermined value). It is determined that the meter 22 has failed.

Next, the representative sensor selection unit 130 selects a representative sensor in the power distribution area EA (S406). Since the method for selecting a representative sensor in the present embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the representative sensor selection unit 130 excludes the smart meter 22 that has been determined to be defective by the sensor failure determination unit 170 from the representative sensor candidates. As a result, the distribution monitoring control device 100 can monitor the distribution of the distribution voltage in the low-voltage distribution system 20 more stably by using a representative sensor that does not fail.

Note that the monitoring control unit 140 uses the voltage measurement value of the smart meter 22 determined to be defective by the sensor failure determination unit 170 as the voltage adjustment device (the on-load tap switching device 15, the line voltage regulator 16, and It is not used to control the static reactive power compensator 17). As a result, the distribution monitoring control device 100 can control the distribution of the distribution voltage in the low-voltage distribution system 20 more stably by using a representative sensor that is not out of order.

According to at least one embodiment described above, the power distribution monitoring control device 100 includes the communication interface 110, the representative sensor selection unit 130, and the monitoring control unit 140. The communication interface 110 acquires voltage measurement values measured by the plurality of smart meters 22 installed in the distribution system. The representative sensor selection unit 130 refers to the voltage measurement value acquired by the communication interface 110, and uses the smart meter 22 having a high linkage of the voltage measurement value with respect to the other smart meter 22 among the plurality of smart meters 22 as a representative sensor. select. The monitoring control unit 140 monitors the voltage distribution in the distribution system based on the measured voltage value of the representative sensor selected by the representative sensor selecting unit 130.

Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

An acquisition unit for acquiring voltage measurement values measured by a plurality of sensors installed in the distribution system;
A representative sensor selection unit that refers to the voltage measurement value acquired by the acquisition unit and selects a sensor having a high degree of interlocking of the voltage measurement value with respect to another sensor among the plurality of sensors as a representative sensor;
A distribution monitoring control device comprising: a monitoring control unit that monitors a voltage distribution in the distribution system based on a voltage measurement value of the representative sensor selected by the representative sensor selection unit.
An acquisition unit for acquiring voltage measurement values measured by a plurality of sensors installed in the distribution system;
A representative sensor selection unit that refers to the voltage measurement value acquired by the acquisition unit and selects a sensor having a high degree of interlocking of the voltage measurement value with respect to another sensor among the plurality of sensors as a representative sensor;
A distribution monitoring control device comprising: a monitoring control unit that controls a voltage in the distribution system based on a voltage measurement value of the representative sensor selected by the representative sensor selection unit.
The power distribution monitoring control according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring control unit estimates a voltage measurement value of a sensor different from the representative sensor based on a voltage measurement value of the representative sensor selected by the representative sensor selection unit. apparatus.
The representative sensor selection unit calculates a first voltage fluctuation component common to the plurality of sensors and a second voltage fluctuation component not common to the plurality of sensors, and the magnitude of the second voltage fluctuation component. The power distribution monitoring control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a sensor having a small value is selected as the representative sensor.
The representative sensor selection unit calculates an average value of a plurality of voltage measurement values measured by each of the plurality of sensors, and a sensor having a small variance in the amount of change in the difference between the voltage measurement value and the average value, The power distribution monitoring control device according to claim 1, which is selected as the representative sensor.
A distribution area determination unit that refers to the voltage measurement value acquired by the acquisition unit, groups sensors having a high similarity in the voltage measurement value, and determines an area where the grouped sensors are installed as a distribution area; In addition,
The representative sensor selection unit is configured to select a sensor having a high voltage measurement value linkage with another sensor among the plurality of sensors installed in the distribution area determined by the distribution area determination unit. The distribution monitoring control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the distribution monitoring control device is selected as a representative sensor.
The power distribution monitoring control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a sensor failure determination unit that determines that the sensor has failed when the interlocking property of the sensor is less than a predetermined value.