WO2017152795A1 - Procédé de réparation de mine de ressource - Google Patents

Procédé de réparation de mine de ressource Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017152795A1
WO2017152795A1 PCT/CN2017/075107 CN2017075107W WO2017152795A1 WO 2017152795 A1 WO2017152795 A1 WO 2017152795A1 CN 2017075107 W CN2017075107 W CN 2017075107W WO 2017152795 A1 WO2017152795 A1 WO 2017152795A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tailings
resource
resources
land
area
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PCT/CN2017/075107
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马跃
高树龙
李伟
张勇
王鞍山
路畅
韩洪鹏
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大连地拓重工有限公司
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Publication of WO2017152795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017152795A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of environmental restoration, in particular to a resource mine repairing method.
  • the tailings pond, stripping area and dumping site formed during the mining development process cause great harm to the natural environment: 1 stockpiling and disposal of a large amount of waste rock, dumping and tailings produced after mining (usually open air Mining mining and stripping ratio is 5-10), which will occupy a large amount of land or forest land; 2 In mine production, oxidation and wind erosion cause the waste rock yard and tailings pond to form a periodic dust storm source, causing ambient air Serious impact; 3
  • the underground river tunnel excavation and the drainage of the mine bed can reduce the hydraulic impact radius of the pressure-reducing funnel sometimes up to tens of kilometers, causing regional hydrological environment damage, making the agriculture and animal husbandry water shortage and even affecting The surrounding residents' drinking water sources; 4 waste rock (dumping) and tailings after mining, if not properly treated, will become a source of pollution for underground and surface water environments; 5 people will be exploited to destroy ecosystems, water environment, and animals and plants.
  • the traditional mine repair modes include: strong engineering mode, strong ecological mode, strong biological mode, multi-composite mode, and ecological time-based governance mode.
  • the invention provides a resource mine repairing method, which solves the problem that the large-scale mineral resources in the tailings pond are not rationally utilized, resulting in waste of resources and harm to the ecological environment in the prior art.
  • a resource mine repair method includes the following steps:
  • the valuable elements in the step (1) include gold, iron, and copper.
  • the target product in the step (1) is applied to the ecological restoration in the step (3).
  • the target product in the step (1) includes a permeable paving material, a planting soil, a fertilizer, an autoclaved brick, a concrete block, a cement, a concrete, a glass ceramic, and a porous material.
  • planting soil and fertilizer are used for soil improvement;
  • the permeable paving material, autoclaved brick, concrete block, cement and concrete are used for land occupied by tailings pond, land occupied by stripping area/dumping site, Gob area/collapse area, slag wall construction of industrial site, slope reinforcement, road construction and mine park construction.
  • the detoxification treatment includes removal of heavy metal contamination and chemical contamination.
  • the invention realizes re-extraction of valuable elements in waste resources, realizes secondary utilization of tailings resources after re-extraction, eliminates heavy metal and chemical pollution, eliminates safety hazards caused by traditional reinforcement engineering, and reduces self-repair to soil. Secondary disasters, to maximize the value of land after restoration, to achieve mine-free, harmless, no hidden dangers and all-green repair effect, and low processing costs, good economic returns.
  • Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
  • the resource mine repair method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the target products are obtained after deep processing by harmless treatment, and the target products include Permeable paving materials, planting soil, fertilizer, autoclaved brick, concrete block, cement, concrete, glass-ceramic and porous materials; if not suitable for further processing, it is sent to the filling process after harmless treatment, filling to mining Empty area/collapsed area;
  • the previously mentioned decontamination treatment includes removal of heavy metal contamination and chemical contamination.
  • An abandoned gold mine including industrial sites, dumps, and tailings ponds, requires ecological restoration.
  • the gold content of the tailings resource of the tailings pond is 0.78g/t, and the valuable element can be extracted.
  • the gold content of the ore resource in the dumping site is 0.08g/t, and the extraction of valuable elements cannot be carried out.
  • tailings resources in the tailings pond are recovered through the water mining process, and then the valuable elements in the tailings resources are extracted by the spiral chute enrichment-fine grinding-flotation process to obtain gold concentrate with a gold grade of 25.03 g/t. ;
  • the abandoned mine covers a large area, with many residents and convenient transportation. There is a large reservoir 800 meters around the mine. The mine will be restored into a mine park. The mining park will be used as a tourist land in combination with the surrounding farmhouse and reservoir fishing projects.
  • the direction of deep processing is defined as building materials, such as aerated concrete blocks and concrete, which facilitates the recycling of mine park construction. Before the preparation of aerated concrete blocks, the heavy metal content of the tailings extracted with valuable elements was tested. The results of the test analysis are shown in Table 1.
  • the tailings extracted by valuable elements contain heavy metal pollution, and the main heavy metal pollution factors are Cu, Zn and Pb. Therefore, the tailings extracted by valuable elements need to be harmlessly treated.
  • microbial remediation techniques using 80's special microbial activators, through the use of biological aeration and mud reactors, utilizes the biological activity of microorganisms to affinity adsorb or convert to heavy metals, reducing the level of heavy metal contamination. After applying the microbial agent for 1 month, the contents of Cu, Zn and Pb all met the requirements for heavy metal content of building materials.
  • the weight percentage of each raw material is: gold tailings 70%, lime 20%, cement 8%, gypsum 2%, gold tailings, lime, cement and gypsum account for 100% of the weight percentage, select the gold tail Mineral, lime, cement, gypsum; according to the total weight of gold tailings, lime, cement and gypsum accounted for 0.07%, water to material ratio: 0.62, aluminum powder and water were selected for use.
  • Autoclaved curing The blank after the static stop curing is placed in an autoclave for autoclaving and curing, and the autoclave curing system is as follows: firstly, vacuuming at room temperature for 40 min, so that the pressure in the autoclave is 0 MPa; then at 1.5 In h, the temperature is raised to 190 °C for 8 h, and finally the temperature is lowered for 1.5 h, so that the pressure in the autoclave is reduced to 0 MPa, and the body of the autoclaved curing is taken out from the autoclave to obtain the gold tailings aerated concrete block.
  • the finished product of the gold tailings aerated concrete block is tested according to GB/T 11968-2006.
  • the average compressive strength is 2.5 MPa, which meets the strength requirement of A2.5.
  • An abandoned mine including goafs and tailings ponds, requires ecological restoration.
  • the gold grade of the tailings resource in the tailings pond is 0.6g/t, and the valuable element can be extracted.
  • tailings resources in the tailings pond are recovered by the water mining process to produce 25%-30% of the pulp, and then the valuable elements in the tailings resources are extracted and recovered by the spiral chute enrichment-fine grinding-leaching adsorption process.
  • the rate is 95.22%.
  • the cyanide-containing tailings extracted by the valuable elements are subjected to two stages of concentrated-calcium hypochlorite oxidation-paste filling process, which combines physical precipitation and dilution desorption technology, chemical oxidation technology and paste filling technology to cyanide-containing
  • the tailings are firstly treated harmlessly, and the tailings after the harmless treatment are prepared by a paste concentrator, the paste concentration is 70%, and then used for filling in the goaf after adding and processing. Includes the following steps:
  • the slurry is concentrated by two deep cones to obtain an underflow of 60% by mass.
  • the supernatant is reused, and the bottom stream is added with fresh water for secondary refining under stirring;
  • the slurry concentration is controlled at 42%, the pH value is 8-9, and the calcium hypochlorite 0.3kg/t is added under stirring, and the reaction is carried out for 30 minutes;
  • the oxidized pulp enters the paste concentrator and is concentrated to form a paste having a mass concentration of 70%, which is then used for filling in the goaf after being processed by adding ingredients.
  • the cyanide is less than 1.0 mg/L after being identified by cyanide leaching test, which belongs to general industrial waste.
  • An abandoned mine including goafs and dry heap molybdenum tailings ponds, requires ecological restoration.
  • the tailings resource in the dry heap molybdenum tailings pond has a K 2 O grade of 6.72% and a Na 2 O grade of 1.61%.
  • the potassium feldspar in the molybdenum tailings can be recovered, and the molybdenum tailings can also be directly used to prepare the mineral fertilizer.
  • the tailings resources of the molybdenum tailings are recovered by desilting-feldspar flotation-magnetic separation and fluorine-free process.
  • the feldspar concentrate has a K 2 O grade of 11.64% and a Na 2 O grade of 2.11%.
  • the recovery of K 2 O was 46.32%, and the recovery of Na 2 O was 41.01%.
  • Molybdenum tailings powder, iron tailings powder, phosphorus-containing siltstone powder and dolomite powder are uniformly mixed at a mass ratio of 3:5:2:1, humic acid and tap water are added, and the amount of humic acid added is molybdenum tailings powder. 0.5 times the total weight of iron tailings powder, phosphorus powder sandstone powder and dolomite powder, and the tap water is added 1.4 times the total weight of molybdenum tailings powder, iron tailings powder, phosphorus powder sandstone powder and dolomite powder. After mixing, it was placed in a rotary kiln and baked in a rotary kiln at a temperature of 200 ° C for 60 min to obtain a mixture.
  • the obtained mixture was granulated to obtain granules having a diameter of 3 mm, dried at 150 ° C, naturally cooled, and packaged to prepare a mineral fertilizer.
  • the prepared mineral fertilizer is used for soil improvement in the goaf, and can also be used for soil improvement in the ecological restoration process of other abandoned mines, such as the industrial site used in the first embodiment, the land occupied by the tailings pond and the land occupied by the dumping site. Soil improvement.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de réparation de mine de ressource comprenant les étapes consistant à extraire des éléments de valeur d'une ressource de stériles dans un bassin à stériles et/ou une ressource minérale dans une zone d'extraction de roche / un lieu d'immersion ; traiter en profondeur la ressource de stériles ou remplir la ressource de stériles dans une zone de remblai/affaissement ; soumettre le terrain occupé de la zone d'extraction de roche/lieu d'immersion et/ou un site industriel pour un traitement sans danger ; et exécuter une restauration écologique sur le terrain occupé de la zone d'extraction de roche/lieu d'immersion et/ou le site industriel après le traitement sans danger et sur la zone de remblai/affaissement après le remplissage. Le procédé permet la maximisation de la valeur du terrain réparé et un effet de réparation sans stériles et sans danger d'une mine.
PCT/CN2017/075107 2016-03-09 2017-02-28 Procédé de réparation de mine de ressource WO2017152795A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610133827.9 2016-03-09
CN201610133827.9A CN105598143B (zh) 2016-03-09 2016-03-09 一种资源化矿山修复方法

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WO2017152795A1 true WO2017152795A1 (fr) 2017-09-14

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CN111652530A (zh) * 2020-07-11 2020-09-11 太原理工大学 一种黄土高原采煤沉陷区生态修复实施方法
CN112012788A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-01 中南大学 一种基于矿山斜陡坡地形的尾砂充填系统及建造方法
CN114538838A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-05-27 贵州大学 一种玉米芯制再生混凝土矿山充填材料及其制备方法
CN114733897A (zh) * 2022-03-22 2022-07-12 同济大学 极酸化硫铁矿山土壤中铁硫氧化产酸菌的原位催化氧化灭活方法

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CN105598143B (zh) * 2016-03-09 2017-04-19 大连地拓重工有限公司 一种资源化矿山修复方法
CN106278072A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2017-01-04 大连地拓重工有限公司 一种无土尾矿复垦的方法
CN106278360A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2017-01-04 大连地拓重工有限公司 一种尾矿库腾库的方法
CN106282554A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-01-04 南京格洛特环境工程股份有限公司 一种稀有稀土矿山修复方法
CN106334621A (zh) * 2016-08-24 2017-01-18 大连地拓重工有限公司 一种无尾矿库的选矿方法
CN106529000B (zh) * 2016-10-28 2020-03-20 徐州中矿大贝克福尔科技股份有限公司 一种矿山膏体充填协同处置污染土壤的方法
CN107169467B (zh) * 2017-05-25 2020-01-31 江西理工大学 一种多源时序影像的稀土矿区土地毁损与恢复分析方法
CN107470345A (zh) * 2017-08-21 2017-12-15 湖南测智科技有限公司 一种土壤重金属污染调控方法
CN111788976A (zh) * 2019-04-09 2020-10-20 沈阳中科生态环境研究院有限公司 一种资源化铁矿废弃地生态修复方法
CN110174085B (zh) * 2019-04-26 2021-06-04 长沙迪迈数码科技股份有限公司 矿山长形堆场取料元素品位的获取方法、装置及存储介质
CN112012231B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2021-08-24 时空云科技有限公司 一种废弃矿山生态修复系统及其应用方法

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CN111652530A (zh) * 2020-07-11 2020-09-11 太原理工大学 一种黄土高原采煤沉陷区生态修复实施方法
CN112012788A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-01 中南大学 一种基于矿山斜陡坡地形的尾砂充填系统及建造方法
CN114538838A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-05-27 贵州大学 一种玉米芯制再生混凝土矿山充填材料及其制备方法
CN114733897A (zh) * 2022-03-22 2022-07-12 同济大学 极酸化硫铁矿山土壤中铁硫氧化产酸菌的原位催化氧化灭活方法
CN114733897B (zh) * 2022-03-22 2023-08-04 同济大学 极酸化硫铁矿山土壤中铁硫氧化产酸菌原位灭活方法

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