WO2017152547A1 - 颜色识别装置及颜色识别方法 - Google Patents

颜色识别装置及颜色识别方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017152547A1
WO2017152547A1 PCT/CN2016/087440 CN2016087440W WO2017152547A1 WO 2017152547 A1 WO2017152547 A1 WO 2017152547A1 CN 2016087440 W CN2016087440 W CN 2016087440W WO 2017152547 A1 WO2017152547 A1 WO 2017152547A1
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Prior art keywords
color
detected
module
color information
standard
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PCT/CN2016/087440
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈硕
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/533,299 priority Critical patent/US10197447B2/en
Publication of WO2017152547A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017152547A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0264—Electrical interface; User interface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • G01J3/463—Colour matching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J3/51—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors using colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • G01J3/52—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using colour charts
    • G01J3/524—Calibration of colorimeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/251—Colorimeters; Construction thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
    • G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver
    • G01V8/14—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver using reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • G01J2003/466—Coded colour; Recognition of predetermined colour; Determining proximity to predetermined colour

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of color recognition technologies, and in particular, to a color recognition device and a color recognition method.
  • color recognition device With the advancement of technology, the color recognition device has been rapidly developed. In the past, the color recognition work that was dominated by the human eye in the production process was gradually replaced by the color recognition device.
  • color sorting devices can be used for material sorting, trademark identification, image processing, product quality inspection, vehicle identification, and the like.
  • Existing color recognition devices are mainly composed of a tray, a color detector, and a data processing unit.
  • the color recognition process using the color recognition device is as follows:
  • the color detector sends a probe light signal to the object to be detected in the tray, and receives the reflected light signal emitted by the object to be detected, converts the received reflected light signal into an electrical signal, and sends the obtained electrical signal to Data processing unit;
  • the data processing unit receives the electrical signal, and compares the electrical signal and the stored various color parameters to generate a color recognition result.
  • the existing color recognition device needs to set a tray, has poor portability, and depends on the detection light and the reflected light for detection, the detection process has certain limitations, and the detection process resource consumption Larger.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a color recognition device and a color recognition method.
  • a color recognition device consisting of a head portion and a body portion
  • the head has a groove in which a sensor module is disposed, and the sensor module is configured to extract color information of the object to be detected;
  • the main body portion includes a storage module for storing standard color parameters of various colors, and a central processor for storing color information of the object to be detected and stored in the storage module The standard color parameters of the various colors are compared to identify the color of the object to be inspected.
  • a light source is further disposed in the groove, and the light source is configured to be in a dark room state when the groove contacts the object to be detected to form a dark room.
  • the detected object provides brightness.
  • the light source is a standard white light source.
  • the sensor module includes an imaging unit, a color filtering unit, and a color processing unit;
  • the imaging unit is configured to perform an imaging process on the object to be detected
  • the color filtering unit is configured to separate a color in which the object to be detected is imaged into a grayscale brightness of red, green, and blue;
  • the color processing unit is configured to extract a grayscale luminance value imaged by the object to be detected.
  • the imaging unit comprises a lens.
  • the color processing unit comprises a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) sensor.
  • CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the main body portion further includes a communication module and a power module
  • the communication module is configured to send color information of the object to be detected to a host computer
  • the power module is used to power the device.
  • the communication module includes one of a Bluetooth module, a WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) module, an infrared module, and a NFC (Near Field Communication) module.
  • the power module includes a battery and a power management unit.
  • the apparatus further includes: a standard whiteboard, wherein the standard whiteboard is configured to correct color information of the object to be detected when the object to be detected is in a non-dark room state.
  • a color recognition method applying the color recognition device of the above first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the sensor module extracts color information of the object to be detected
  • the central processor determines whether ambient light is present in the groove
  • the central processor acquires pre-stored standard color parameters of various colors from the storage module, and compares the standard color parameters of the various colors with the color of the object to be detected The information is compared and the color recognition result is obtained.
  • the step of the sensor module extracting color information of the object to be detected further includes:
  • the imaging unit performs an imaging process on the object to be detected
  • the color filtering unit separates the color imaged by the object to be detected into a grayscale brightness of red, green, and blue;
  • the color processing unit extracts a grayscale luminance value imaged by the object to be detected.
  • the central processor compares the standard color parameters of the various colors with the color information of the object to be detected, and before the step of obtaining the color recognition result, the method further includes the following step:
  • the central processor converts color information of the object to be detected into a digital signal
  • the central processor compares the standard color parameters of the various colors with the color information of the object to be detected to obtain a color recognition result.
  • the method further includes the following steps:
  • the central processor acquires pre-stored standard color parameters of various colors from the storage module, and compares the standard color parameters of the various colors with the to-be-detected The color information of the object is directly compared to obtain a color recognition result; or
  • the sensor module extracts color information of the standard whiteboard in the environment; and the central processor determines color information of the object to be detected according to color information of the standard whiteboard. Making corrections; and the central processor will treat the various colors
  • the standard color parameter is compared with the corrected color information to obtain the color recognition result.
  • the method further includes the following steps:
  • the communication module transmits the color recognition result to the upper computer.
  • the pen-shaped design is provided with a sensor module for extracting color information of the object at the head of the device, and the tray is not required, and the color of the object to be detected can be directly recognized without relying on the detection light and the emitted light, thereby improving portability. It also reduces the resource consumption of the measurement process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a color recognition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a color recognition device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a color recognition device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a color recognition method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a color recognition process according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a color recognition device.
  • the device adopts a pen-shaped design including a head portion 1 and a body portion 2.
  • the head 1 has a recess 10 in which a sensor module 11 is provided for extracting color information of an object to be detected.
  • the main body portion 2 includes a storage module 21 and a central processing unit 22 for storing standard color parameters of various colors, and the color parameters may be R (red) G (green) B (blue) three color channels, each Each color channel has 0 to 255 grayscale luminance values.
  • the central processing unit 22 is configured to compare the color information of the object to be detected with the standard color parameters of the various colors stored in the storage module 21 to identify the color of the object to be detected. For example, for the standard color parameters of the various colors stored in the storage module 21, see Table 1 below.
  • a light source 12 is further disposed in the recess 10, and the light source 12 is preferably a standard white light source for providing brightness to the object to be detected in a darkroom state when the recess 10 is in contact with the object to be detected to form a dark room.
  • the sensor module 11 is enabled to extract color information of an object to be detected.
  • the sensor module 11 includes an imaging unit 111, a color filtering unit 112, and a color processing unit 113.
  • the imaging unit 111 may be a lens or the like, and the imaging unit 111 performs an imaging process on the object to be detected, so that the color filtering unit 112 can acquire an image formed by the object to be detected.
  • the color filter unit 112 may be a color filter unit or the like, and the color filter unit 112 is configured to separate the color in the image to be detected into the gray scale brightness of the red, green, and blue colors R, G, and B.
  • the color processing unit 113 may be a CMOS sensor, and the color processing unit 113 is configured to extract the object to be detected after the color filtering unit separates the color in the image to be detected into the grayscale brightness of the red, green, and blue colors R, G, and B.
  • the grayscale brightness value of the image is further configured to convert the grayscale luminance value imaged by the object to be detected from an analog signal into a digital signal, so that the central processor 21 analyzes the color information of the object to be detected.
  • the main body portion 2 may further include a communication module 23 and a power supply module 24.
  • the communication module 23 can be one of a Bluetooth module, a WiFi module, an infrared module, a short-range wireless communication NFC module, and the like.
  • the communication module 23 can communicate with the host computer (not shown in FIG. 2), and send the color information of the object to be detected to the host computer during the communication.
  • the power module 24 is used to power the entire color recognition device.
  • the power module 24 can include a battery and a power management unit, wherein the battery is used to store electrical energy, and the power management unit is used to manage power management of the battery, such as managing battery charging, discharging, and the like.
  • the color recognition device may further include a standard whiteboard (not shown in FIG. 2).
  • the standard whiteboard is independent of the head 1 and the main body portion 2, and is used to correct the color information of the object to be detected when the object to be detected is in a non-dark room state to avoid ambient light interference detection results.
  • the central processing unit 12 can convert the CMOS signals in the color processing unit 113 into digital signals of red, green, blue, R, G, and B, and control various functional modules in the color recognition device.
  • the control power module 24 supplies power to the entire device
  • the control communication module 23 communicates with the host computer, and the like.
  • FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a color recognition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sensor module 1 extracts the color information of the object to be detected, and the object to be detected is The color information is sent to the central processing unit 22, and the central processor acquires standard color parameters of various colors from the storage module 21, and identifies by comparing the color information of the object to be detected with the standard color parameters of the respective colors.
  • the color of the object to be detected when the groove 10 of the head of the color recognition device and the object to be detected do not form a dark room, and the object to be detected is in a non-dark room state, the sensor module 1 extracts the color information of the object to be detected and the color information of the standard whiteboard.
  • the color information of the object to be detected and the color information of the standard whiteboard are sent to the central processing unit 22, and the central processing unit 22 acquires standard color parameters of various colors from the storage module 21, and detects the object according to the color information of the standard whiteboard.
  • the color information is corrected to identify the color of the object to be detected.
  • the communication module 23 transmits the recognized color of the object to be detected to the host computer.
  • the power module 24 can supply power to the storage module 21, the central processing unit 22, the sensor module 11, the light source 12, and the communication module 23 to ensure that the color recognition device can work normally.
  • the device provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts a pen-shaped design and is arranged at the device head for extraction.
  • the sensor module of the object color information can directly identify the color of the object to be detected without setting the tray, and does not depend on the probe light and the emitted light, thereby improving the portability and reducing the resource consumption of the measurement process.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a color recognition method, which can apply the color recognition device shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 above.
  • the color recognition method provided by this embodiment includes the following steps.
  • Step 501 The sensor module extracts color information of the object to be detected.
  • the color information of the object to be detected is composed of different gray scale luminance values of the red, green and blue R, G, and B color channels, and the grayscale luminance values of the red, green, and blue color channels are 0 to 255.
  • the sensor module 11 includes an imaging unit 111, a color filtering unit 112, and a color processing unit 113. Based on the functions of the imaging unit 111, the color filtering unit 112, and the color processing unit 113, the sensor module 11 When extracting the color information of the object to be detected, the following manner can be employed.
  • the imaging unit 111 performs an imaging process on the object to be detected to obtain an image formed by the object to be detected.
  • the color filtering unit 112 separates the color in the image to be detected into the grayscale brightness of the red, green, and blue R, G, and B.
  • the color processing unit 113 extracts the grayscale luminance value imaged by the object to be detected, and obtains color information of the object to be detected.
  • the color information of the object to be detected is sent to the central processing unit 22 to cause the central processing unit 22 to pass the object to be detected.
  • the color information is analyzed to identify the color of the object to be detected.
  • Step 502 The central processing unit 22 determines whether ambient light is present in the recess 10.
  • the color of the object to be detected when the color recognition device performs color recognition on the object to be detected, the color of the object to be detected may be identified in a state where the groove 10 is in contact with the surface of the object to be detected to form a dark room, and the environment is not present in the groove 10.
  • the light source 12 needs to be turned on to provide brightness for the object to be detected, and the color information extracted by the sensor module 11 from the object to be detected is the color of the object to be detected; when the color recognition device is used for color recognition of the object to be detected, The color of the object to be detected is recognized by the groove 10 and the surface of the object to be detected without forming a dark room.
  • the color information extracted by the sensor module 11 from the object to be detected includes not only the color information of the object to be detected but also the color information of the ambient light. .
  • the presence or absence of ambient light in the recess 10 directly affects the recognition method used by the central processing unit 22 to identify the color of the object to be detected. Therefore, the central processor 22 needs to determine the groove before recognizing the color information of the object to be detected. Whether there is ambient light in 10.
  • the central processing unit 22 can detect whether the light source 12 is turned on when determining whether there is ambient light in the groove 10. If it is detected that the light source 12 is in the on state, it is determined that there is no ambient light in the groove 10, and if the light source 12 is detected. When it is in the off state, it is judged that ambient light is present in the groove 10.
  • Step 503 The central processing unit 22 acquires pre-stored standard color parameters of various colors from the storage module 21, and compares the standard color parameters of the respective colors with the color information of the object to be detected to obtain a color recognition result.
  • the color information extracted by the sensor module 11 from the object to be detected is the color information of the object to be detected, in which case, the center
  • the processor 22 can directly compare the standard color parameters of the various colors obtained from the storage module, and directly compare the standard color parameters of the respective colors with the color information of the object to be detected, thereby obtaining the same color information as the object to be detected.
  • the color corresponding to the color parameter is the color of the object to be detected.
  • the central processing unit 22 converts the color information of the object to be detected into a digital signal before comparing the standard color parameters of the respective colors with the color information of the object to be detected, and therefore, when When the standard color parameters of the respective colors are compared with the color information of the object to be detected, the central processing unit 22 can compare the standard color parameters of the respective colors with the digital signals to obtain a color recognition result.
  • the method provided in this embodiment will also be recognized in conjunction with the standard whiteboard, and the specific recognition process is as follows (1) to (3).
  • the sensor module 11 extracts color information of the standard whiteboard under ambient light.
  • the specific extraction process is the same as the method of extracting the color information of the object to be detected.
  • the central processing unit 22 corrects the color information of the object to be detected based on the color information of the standard whiteboard.
  • the central processing unit 22 can subtract the color information of the standard whiteboard from the color information of the object to be detected. Certainly, other methods are also used. In this embodiment, the central processor does not specifically modify the color information of the object to be detected according to the color information of the standard whiteboard.
  • the central processing unit 22 compares the standard color parameters of the respective colors with the corrected color information to obtain a color recognition result.
  • the central processing unit 22 may first convert the corrected color information into a digital letter.
  • the number is further converted into a digital signal by the standard color parameter of each color and the corrected color information, and the color corresponding to the color parameter of the object to be detected is used as the color of the object to be detected.
  • Step 504 The communication module 23 sends the color recognition result to the upper computer.
  • the communication module 23 In order to enable the user to know the color of the object to be detected in time, after the central processor 22 recognizes the color information of the object to be detected, the communication module 23 also sends the color recognition result of the object to be detected to the upper computer for display by the host computer. The user can know the color of the object to be detected by the color recognition result displayed on the upper computer.
  • the groove 10 of the head of the color recognition device may be aligned with the object to be detected to form a dark room in the dark room.
  • the light source is turned on to light the object to be detected
  • the sensor module is used to extract the color information of the object to be detected
  • the color information of the object to be detected is sent to the central processor
  • the color information of the object to be detected is converted by the central processor into
  • the digital signal compares the color information of the object to be detected with the standard color parameters of the various colors stored in the storage module to obtain a color recognition result, and then sends the recognition result to the upper computer; if the ambient light is used for detection,
  • the sensor module needs to extract the color information of the standard whiteboard and extract the color information of the object to be detected, and then the color information of the standard whiteboard and the color information of the object to be detected are sent to the central processor, and the central processor treats the object according to the color information of the standard whiteboard.
  • Color information is corrected and will be stored in the template Color information of the object to be detected with a standard color correction parameter storage of various colors were aligned to obtain the color recognition result, and thus the result is transmitted to the upper color recognition machine
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a sensor module to extract object color information, and compares the extracted color information with pre-stored standard color parameters of various colors, thereby eliminating the need to set a tray and not relying on detection light and emission.
  • Light can directly identify the color of the object to be detected, which not only improves portability, but also reduces resource consumption of the measurement process.
  • the color recognition device provided by the foregoing embodiment identifies the color of the object to be detected, only the division of each functional module described above is illustrated. In actual applications, the functions may be assigned different functions according to needs.
  • the module is completed, that is, the internal structure of the color recognition device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the color recognition device and the color recognition method embodiment provided in the above embodiments are in the same concept, and the specific implementation process is described in detail in the method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be completed by hardware, or may be instructed by a program to execute related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

一种颜色识别装置及颜色识别方法。该装置由头部（1）和主体部分（2）组成；头部（1）具有一个凹槽（10），凹槽（10）内设置有传感器模块（11），传感器模块（11）用于提取待检测物体的颜色信息；主体部分（2）包括存储模块（21）和中央处理器（22），存储模块（21）用于存储各种颜色的标准颜色参数，中央处理器（22）用于将待检测物体的颜色信息与存储模块（21）中存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数进行比对，以识别出待检测物体的颜色。本装置采用笔形设计，在装置头部（1）设置用于提取物体颜色信息的传感器模块（11），无需设置托盘，且不依赖于探测光和发射光，即可直接识别出待检测物体的颜色，不仅提高了便携性，而且减少了测量过程的资源消耗。

Description

颜色识别装置及颜色识别方法 技术领域
本发明涉及颜色识别技术领域，特别涉及一种颜色识别装置及一种颜色识别方法。
背景技术
随着科技的进步，颜色识别装置得到了飞速发展，以往在生产过程中由人眼起主导作用的颜色识别工作，逐渐被颜色识别装置所取代。例如，利用颜色识别装置可进行材料分拣、商标识别、图像处理、产品质检、车辆识别等等。
现有的颜色识别装置主要由托盘、颜色探测器和数据处理单元组成。采用该颜色识别装置进行颜色识别过程如下：
(1)、将待检测物体放在托盘中；
(2)、颜色探测器向托盘中的待检测物体发出探测光信号，并接收待检测物体发射的反射光信号，将接收到的反射光信号转换为电信号后，将得到的电信号发送至数据处理单元；以及
(3)、数据处理单元接收电信号，将对电信号及存储的各种颜色参数进行比对运算，生成颜色识别结果。
然而，发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题：
现有的颜色识别装置需要设置一个托盘，便携性较差，且依赖于探测光和反射光进行检测，检测过程具有一定的局限性，且检测过程资源消耗 较大。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种颜色识别装置及一种颜色识别方法。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种颜色识别装置，所述装置由头部和主体部分组成；
所述头部具有一个凹槽，所述凹槽内设置有传感器模块，所述传感器模块用于提取所述待检测物体的颜色信息；以及
所述主体部分包括存储模块和中央处理器，所述存储模块用于存储各种颜色的标准颜色参数，所述中央处理器用于将所述待检测物体的颜色信息与所述存储模块中存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数进行比对，以识别出所述待检测物体的颜色。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述凹槽内还设置有光源，所述光源用于当所述凹槽与所述待检测物体接触形成暗室时，为处于暗室状态下的所述待检测物体提供亮度。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述光源为标准白色光源。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述传感器模块包括成像单元、颜色过滤单元和颜色处理单元；
所述成像单元用于对所述待检测物体进行成像处理；
所述颜色过滤单元用于将所述待检测物体所成像中的颜色分离成红绿蓝的灰阶亮度；以及
所述颜色处理单元用于提取所述待检测物体所成像的灰阶亮度值。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述成像单元包括透镜。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述颜色处理单元包括CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)传感器。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述主体部分还包括通信模块和电源模块；
所述通信模块用于将所述待检测物体的颜色信息发送至上位机；以及
所述电源模块用于为所述装置供电。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述通信模块包括蓝牙模块、WiFi(Wireless Fidelity，无线保真模块)、红外模块、NFC(Near Field Communication，近距离无线通信)模块等中的一种。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述电源模块包括电池和电源管理单元。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述装置还包括：标准白板，所述标准白板用于当所述待检测物体处于非暗室状态下，对所述待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正。
根据本发明的第二方面、提供了一种颜色识别方法，所述方法应用上述第一方面所述的颜色识别装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：
所述传感器模块提取所述待检测物体的颜色信息；
所述中央处理器判断所述凹槽中是否存在环境光；以及
所述中央处理器从所述存储模块中获取预先存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体到的颜色 信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述传感器模块提取所述待检测物体的颜色信息的步骤，进一步包括：
所述成像单元对所述待检测物体进行成像处理；
所述颜色过滤单元将所述待检测物体所成像中的颜色分离成红绿蓝的灰阶亮度；以及
所述颜色处理单元提取所述待检测物体所成像的灰阶亮度值。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述中央处理器将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体到的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果的步骤之前，还包括如下步骤：
所述中央处理器将所述待检测物体的颜色信息转换为数字信号；以及
所述中央处理器将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体到的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述中央处理器判断所述凹槽中是否存在环境光的步骤之后，还包括如下步骤：
如果所述凹槽中不存在环境光，所述中央处理器从所述存储模块中获取预先存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体到的颜色信息直接进行比对，得到颜色识别结果；或者
如果所述凹槽中存在环境光，所述传感器模块提取所述标准白板在所述环境下的颜色信息；所述中央处理器根据所述标准白板的颜色信息对所述待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正；以及所述中央处理器将所述各种颜色 的标准颜色参数与修正后的颜色信息进行比对，得到所述颜色识别结果。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述方法还包括如下步骤：
所述通信模块将所述颜色识别结果发送至所述上位机。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是：
采用笔形设计，在装置头部设置用于提取物体颜色信息的传感器模块，无需设置托盘，且不依赖于探测光和发射光，即可直接识别出待检测物体的颜色，不仅提高了便携性，而且减少了测量过程的资源消耗。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一个实施例提供的一种颜色识别装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明另一个实施例提供的一种颜色识别装置的结构示意图；
图3是本发明另一个实施例提供的一种传感器模块的结构示意图；
图4是本发明另一个实施例提供的一种颜色识别装置的功能框图；
图5是本发明一个实施例提供的一种颜色识别方法的流程图；和
图6是本发明另一个实施例提供的一种颜色识别过程的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本 发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
本发明实施例提供了一种颜色识别装置，参见图1，该装置采用笔形设计，包括头部1和主体部分2。
参见图2，头部1具有一个凹槽10，该凹槽10内设置有传感器模块11，该传感器模块11用于提取待检测物体的颜色信息。主体部分2包括存储模块21和中央处理器22，存储模块21用于存储各种颜色的标准颜色参数，该颜色参数可以为R(红)G(绿)B(蓝)三个颜色通道，每个颜色通道具有0～255个灰阶亮度值。中央处理器22用于将待检测物体的颜色信息与存储模块21中存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数进行比对，以识别出待检测物体的颜色。例如，对于存储模块21中所存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数，可参见下述表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2016087440-appb-000001
参见图2，凹槽10内还设置有光源12，该光源12优选为标准白色光源，用于当凹槽10与待检测物体接触形成暗室时，为处于暗室状态下的待检测物体提供亮度，使得传感器模块11能够提取待检测物体的颜色信息。
参见图3，传感器模块11包括成像单元111、颜色过滤单元112和颜色处理单元113。其中，成像单元111可以为透镜等，该成像单元111用于对待检测物体进行成像处理，以使颜色过滤单元112可以获取待检测物体所成的像。颜色过滤单元112可以为彩色过滤片等，该颜色过滤单元112用于将待检测物体所成像中的颜色分离成红绿蓝R、G、B的灰阶亮度。颜色处理单元113可以为CMOS传感器，该颜色处理单元113用于在颜色过滤单元将待检测物体所成像中的颜色分离成红绿蓝R、G、B的灰阶亮度之后，提取待检测物体所成像的灰阶亮度值。颜色处理单元113还用于将待检测物体所成像的灰阶亮度值由模拟信号转成数字信号，以便于中央处理器21对待检测物体的颜色信息进行分析。
参见图2，主体部分2还可以包括通信模块23和电源模块24。其中，通信模块23可以为蓝牙模块、WiFi模块、红外模块、近距离无线通信NFC模块等中的一种。通信模块23可以与上位机(图2中未图示)进行通信，并在通信过程中将待检测物体的颜色信息发送至上位机。电源模块24用于为整个颜色识别装置供电。电源模块24可以包括电池和电源管理单元，其中，电池用于存储电能，电源管理单元用于对电池进行供电管理，例如管理电池充电、放电等等。
在本实施例中，颜色识别装置还可以包括一个标准白板(图2中未图 示)，该标准白板独立于头部1和主体部分2，用于当待检测物体处于非暗室状态下，对待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正，以避免环境光干扰检测结果。
在本实施例中，中央处理器12除了具有上述功能外，还可将颜色处理单元113中的CMOS信号转换成红绿蓝R、G、B的数字信号，并控制颜色识别装置内各个功能模块工作，例如，控制电源模块24为整个装置供电，控制通信模块23与上位机通信等等。
图4为本发明实施例提供的颜色识别装置的功能框图。由图4可知，当颜色识别装置头部的凹槽10与待检测物体接触形成暗室时，光源12将待检测物体照亮后，传感器模块1提取待检测物体的颜色信息，并将待检测物体的颜色信息发送至中央处理器22，中央处理器从存储模块21中获取各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并通过将待检测物体的颜色信息与各种颜色的标准颜色参数进行比对，识别出待检测物体的颜色；当颜色识别装置头部的凹槽10与待检测物体未形成暗室，待检测物体处于非暗室状态时，传感器模块1提取待检测物体的颜色信息及标准白板的颜色信息，并将待检测物体的颜色信息及标准白板的颜色信息发送至中央处理器22，中央处理器22从存储模块21中获取各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并根据标准白板的颜色信息对待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正，以识别出待检测物体的颜色。通信模块23将识别出的待检测物体的颜色发送至上位机。在上述过程中，电源模块24可为存储模块21、中央处理器22、传感器模块11、光源12、通信模块23供电，以确保颜色识别装置可正常工作。
本发明实施例提供的装置，采用笔形设计，在装置头部设置用于提取 物体颜色信息的传感器模块，无需设置托盘，且不依赖于探测光和发射光，即可直接识别出待检测物体的颜色，不仅提高了便携性，而且减少了测量过程的资源消耗。
本发明实施例提供了一种颜色识别方法，该方法可以应用上述图1至图4所示的颜色识别装置。参见图5，本实施例提供的颜色识别方法包括如下步骤。
步骤501、传感器模块提取待检测物体的颜色信息。
其中，待检测物体的颜色信息由红绿蓝R、G、B三个颜色通道的不同灰阶亮度值构成，红绿蓝三个颜色通道的灰阶亮度值的取值为0～255。在本实施例中，如图3所示，传感器模块11包括成像单元111、颜色过滤单元112和颜色处理单元113，基于成像单元111、颜色过滤单元112和颜色处理单元113的功能，传感器模块11提取待检测物体的颜色信息时，可采用如下方式。
第一步，成像单元111对待检测物体进行成像处理，得到待检测物体所成的像。
第二步，颜色过滤单元112将待检测物体所成像中的颜色分离成红绿蓝R、G、B的灰阶亮度。
第三步，颜色处理单元113提取待检测物体所成像的灰阶亮度值，得到待检测物体的颜色信息。
传感器模块11提取了待检测物体的颜色信息之后，将待检测物体的颜色信息发送至中央处理器22，以使中央处理器22通过对待检测物体的 颜色信息进行分析，识别出待检测物体的颜色。
步骤502、中央处理器22判断凹槽10中是否存在环境光。
在本实施例中，采用颜色识别装置对待检测物体进行颜色识别时，可在凹槽10与待检测物体表面接触形成暗室的状态下识别待检测物体的颜色，此时凹槽10中不存在环境光，需要开启光源12，为待检测物体提供亮度，传感器模块11从待检测物体中提取的颜色信息即为待检测物体本身的颜色；采用颜色识别装置对待检测物体进行颜色识别时，还可在凹槽10与待检测物体表面未形成暗室状态下识别待检测物体的颜色，此时传感器模块11从待检测物体中提取的颜色信息不仅有待检测物体自身的颜色信息，还有环境光的颜色信息。由于凹槽10中是否存在环境光，直接影响中央处理器22对待检测物体的颜色进行识别时采用的识别方法，因此，在对待检测物体的颜色信息进行识别之前，中央处理器22需要判断凹槽10中是否存在环境光。
中央处理器22在判断凹槽10中是否存在环境光时，可检测光源12是否开启，如果检测到光源12处于开启状态，则判断凹槽10中不存在环境光，反之，如果检测到光源12处于关闭状态，则判断凹槽10中存在环境光。
步骤503、中央处理器22从存储模块21中获取预先存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并将各种颜色的标准颜色参数与待检测物体到的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果。
当判断出凹槽10中不存在环境光，传感器模块11从待检测物体中提取到的颜色信息即为待检测物体自身的颜色信息，在这种情况下，中央处 理器22可直接从存储模块中获取的各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并将各种颜色的标准颜色参数与待检测物体的颜色信息进行直接比对，进而将与待检测物体的颜色信息相同的颜色参数对应的颜色作为待检测物体的颜色。
为确保识别过程顺利进行，中央处理器22在将各种颜色的标准颜色参数与待检测物体到的颜色信息进行比对之前，还将待检测物体的颜色信息转换为数字信号，因此，当将各种颜色的标准颜色参数与待检测物体到的颜色信息进行比对时，中央处理器22可将各种颜色的标准颜色参数与数字信号进行比对，以得到颜色识别结果。
当判断出凹槽10中存在环境光，为提高待检测物体的颜色的识别精度，本实施例提供的方法还将配合标准白板进行识别，具体识别过程如下述步骤(1)～(3)。
(1)、传感器模块11提取标准白板在环境光下的颜色信息。
具体提取过程与提取待检测物体的颜色信息的方式相同，具体参见提取待检测物体的颜色信息的过程，此处不再赘述。
(2)、中央处理器22根据标准白板的颜色信息对待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正。
具体修正时，中央处理器22可将待检测物体的颜色信息减去标准白板的颜色信息。当然还可以采用其他方式，本实施例不对中央处理器根据标准白板的颜色信息对待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正作具体的限定。
(3)、中央处理器22将各种颜色的标准颜色参数与修正后的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果。
具体比对时，中央处理器22可先将修正后的颜色信息转换成数字信 号，进而将各种颜色的标准颜色参数与修正后的颜色信息所转换成数字信号进行比对，进而将与待检测物体的颜色信息相同的颜色参数对应的颜色作为待检测物体的颜色。
步骤504、通信模块23将颜色识别结果发送至上位机。
为使用户及时获知到待检测物体的颜色，当中央处理器22识别出待检测物体的颜色信息之后，通信模块23还将待检测物体的颜色识别结果发送至上位机，由上位机进行显示。用户通过上位机上显示的颜色识别结果，即可获知待检测物体的颜色。
对于上述颜色识别过程，为了便于理解，下面以图6为例进行说明。
参见图6，在使用颜色识别装置对待检测物体的颜色进行识别时，如果不使用环境光进行检测，则可将颜色识别装置的头部的凹槽10对准待检测物体以形成暗室，在暗室状态下，开启光源将待检测物体点亮，采用传感器模块提取待检测物体的颜色信息，并将待检测物体的颜色信息发送至中央处理器，由中央处理器将待检测物体的颜色信息转换为数字信号，进而将待检测物体的颜色信息与存储模块中存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数进行比对，得到颜色识别结果，之后将识别结果发送至上位机；如果使用环境光进行检测，则传感器模块需要提取标准白板的颜色信息，并提取待检测物体的颜色信息，进而标准白板的颜色信息和待检测物体的颜色信息发送至中央处理器，中央处理器根据标准白板的颜色信息对待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正，并将存储模板中存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数与修正后的待检测物体的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果，进而将颜色识别结果发送至上位机。
本发明实施例提供的方法，采用传感器模块提取物体颜色信息，并将提取的颜色信息与预先存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数进行比对，从而无需设置托盘，且不依赖于探测光和发射光，即可直接识别出待检测物体的颜色，不仅提高了便携性，而且减少了测量过程的资源消耗。
需要说明的是：上述实施例提供的颜色识别装置在识别待检测物体的颜色时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将颜色识别装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的颜色识别装置与颜色识别方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种颜色识别装置，其特征在于，所述装置由头部和主体部分组成；
    所述头部具有一个凹槽，所述凹槽内设置有传感器模块，所述传感器模块用于提取所述待检测物体的颜色信息；以及
    所述主体部分包括存储模块和中央处理器，所述存储模块用于存储各种颜色的标准颜色参数，所述中央处理器用于将所述待检测物体的颜色信息与所述存储模块中存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数进行比对，以识别出所述待检测物体的颜色。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述凹槽内还设置有光源，所述光源用于当所述凹槽与所述待检测物体接触形成暗室时，为处于暗室状态下的所述待检测物体提供亮度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述光源为标准白色光源。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述传感器模块包括成像单元、颜色过滤单元和颜色处理单元；
    所述成像单元用于对所述待检测物体进行成像处理；
    所述颜色过滤单元用于将所述待检测物体所成像中的颜色分离成红绿蓝的灰阶亮度；以及
    所述颜色处理单元用于提取所述待检测物体所成像的灰阶亮度值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述成像单元包括透镜。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述颜色处理单元包括互补金属氧化物半导体CMOS传感器。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述主体部分还包括通信模块和电源模块；
    所述通信模块用于将所述待检测物体的颜色信息发送至上位机；以及
    所述电源模块用于为所述装置供电。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信模块包括蓝牙模块、无线保真WiFi模块、红外模块、近距离无线通信NFC模块中的一种。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电源模块包括电池和电源管理单元。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：标准白板，所述标准白板用于当所述待检测物体处于非暗室状态下，对所述 待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正。
  11. 一种颜色识别方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用上述权利要求1至10所述的颜色识别装置，所述方法包括如下步骤：
    所述传感器模块提取所述待检测物体的颜色信息；
    所述中央处理器判断所述凹槽中是否存在环境光；以及
    所述中央处理器从所述存储模块中获取预先存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体到的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传感器模块提取所述待检测物体的颜色信息的步骤，进一步包括：
    所述成像单元对所述待检测物体进行成像处理；
    所述颜色过滤单元将所述待检测物体所成像中的颜色分离成红绿蓝的灰阶亮度；以及
    所述颜色处理单元提取所述待检测物体所成像的灰阶亮度值。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中央处理器将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体到的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果的步骤之前，还包括如下步骤：
    所述中央处理器将所述待检测物体的颜色信息转换为数字信号；以及
    所述中央处理器将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体 到的颜色信息进行比对，得到颜色识别结果。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中央处理器判断所述凹槽中是否存在环境光的步骤之后，还包括如下步骤：
    如果所述凹槽中不存在环境光，所述中央处理器从所述存储模块中获取预先存储的各种颜色的标准颜色参数，并将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与所述待检测物体到的颜色信息直接进行比对，得到颜色识别结果；或者
    如果所述凹槽中存在环境光，所述传感器模块提取所述标准白板在所述环境下的颜色信息；所述中央处理器根据所述标准白板的颜色信息对所述待检测物体的颜色信息进行修正；以及所述中央处理器将所述各种颜色的标准颜色参数与修正后的颜色信息进行比对，得到所述颜色识别结果。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括如下步骤：
    所述通信模块将所述颜色识别结果发送至所述上位机。
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