WO2017148009A1 - 扬声器模组 - Google Patents

扬声器模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017148009A1
WO2017148009A1 PCT/CN2016/082430 CN2016082430W WO2017148009A1 WO 2017148009 A1 WO2017148009 A1 WO 2017148009A1 CN 2016082430 W CN2016082430 W CN 2016082430W WO 2017148009 A1 WO2017148009 A1 WO 2017148009A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure relief
relief hole
speaker module
module according
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/082430
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
霍新祥
杨赟
孙志军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Goertek Inc filed Critical Goertek Inc
Priority to US16/080,843 priority Critical patent/US10484766B2/en
Publication of WO2017148009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017148009A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023—Screens for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/021—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein incorporating only one transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/026—Supports for loudspeaker casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2803—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2823—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2826—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/029—Manufacturing aspects of enclosures transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of acoustic energy conversion technology, and more particularly to a speaker module.
  • a pressure relief device is generally arranged in the sound chamber behind the speaker to ensure balance with the outside air pressure.
  • the existing pressure relief device is generally designed such that the outer casing has a pressure relief hole at the rear sound chamber. Since the outer casing is generally made of plastic material, the pressure relief hole is limited by the material and the diameter is generally greater than 0.1 mm. The pressure relief hole is not conducive to the acoustic sealing of the speaker. In addition, the outer casing must have a pressure relief groove on the side close to the rear sound chamber, and a pressure cover is attached to the top of the pressure relief groove. The pressure relief groove communicates with the pressure relief hole to form a pressure relief passage. The pressure relief channel can make the rear sound chamber equal to the external environment and can achieve the effect of acoustic sealing. In the structure, the pressure relief device is composed of a pressure relief hole, a pressure relief groove, a gland and a mesh cloth, and the structure is relatively complicated, the processing is difficult, and the yield rate is low.
  • a speaker module includes a housing and a speaker unit located in a cavity of the housing, the speaker unit separating the inner cavity into a front acoustic cavity and a rear acoustic cavity separated from each other, and the outer casing is embedded with a metal piece on the metal piece
  • a pressure relief hole for acoustically sealing the rear sound chamber and the external environment is provided, and the pressure relief hole is provided with a mesh on a side away from the rear sound chamber.
  • the metal sheet is disposed in the outer casing for separating the front acoustic chamber from the rear acoustic chamber.
  • the metal sheet is embedded in the outer casing to form a positioning groove on a side close to the front acoustic cavity, and the mesh cloth is disposed in the positioning groove, and the end surface of the mesh cloth away from the metal piece is The surface of the outer casing is flush.
  • the outer casing includes an upper casing, a middle casing and a lower casing that are fastened together, and the partition is disposed on the middle casing.
  • the metal sheet is made of stainless steel, copper alloy or aluminum alloy.
  • the pressure relief hole has a polygonal or circular cross section.
  • the pressure relief hole has a circular shape, and the pressure relief hole has an inner diameter of 0.1 mm or less.
  • a metal piece is embedded in the outer casing.
  • the metal sheet is provided with one or more pressure relief holes.
  • the mesh is a waterproof and breathable mesh.
  • the pressure relief device is composed of a pressure relief hole, a pressure relief groove, a gland and a mesh cloth, and the structure is relatively complicated, the processing is difficult, and the yield rate is low. Moreover, the pressure relief hole can not be made small by the material, which is not conducive to acoustic sealing. Therefore, the technical task to be achieved by the present invention or the technical problem to be solved is not thought of or expected by those skilled in the art, so the present invention is a new technical solution.
  • the speaker module provided by the invention has a metal piece embedded in the outer casing, and a pressure relief hole is arranged on the metal piece.
  • the inner diameter of the pressure release hole can be made small according to requirements, and the pressure relief groove can be provided separately, so that the rear sound cavity and the external environment can be The air pressure is balanced and has a good acoustic sealing effect.
  • the pressure relief hole of the speaker module does not need to be provided with a gland, and the structure is simple and the yield is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the position A in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of Figure 2 without a mesh cloth.
  • the present invention provides a speaker module.
  • the module includes a housing and a speaker unit 11.
  • the outer casing is composed of an upper casing 2, a middle casing 3 and a lower casing 4 which are fastened together, and an inner cavity is formed therein, and the speaker unit 11 is received in the inner cavity.
  • the speaker unit 11 separates the inner chamber into the front sound chamber 14 and the rear sound chamber 15 which are isolated from each other.
  • the space between the vibrating assembly of the speaker unit 11 and the upper casing 2 is the front acoustic chamber 14, and the front acoustic chamber 14 is in communication with the external environment.
  • the space between the magnetic circuit assembly of the speaker unit 11 and the lower case 4 is the rear acoustic cavity 15, and the rear acoustic cavity 15 is a sealed space.
  • the speaker unit comprises a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system, wherein the magnetic circuit system comprises a basin frame located in the inner cavity, and a magnet located in the basin frame, a gap between the magnet and the side wall of the basin frame, and the magnet is further provided with a
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm fixed in the inner cavity, and a voice coil that drives the diaphragm to sound.
  • the voice coil is fixed on the diaphragm and suspended in the gap between the magnet and the side wall of the basin frame;
  • the center position is set with a dome or the like.
  • the voice coil When the voice coil is energized, the voice coil will vibrate under the action of the magnetic circuit system. At the same time, the voice coil drives the diaphragm to vibrate together to realize the sound of the diaphragm.
  • the housing is also provided with an acoustic hole 13 communicating with the front acoustic chamber 14, so that the sound emitted by the diaphragm can flow from the sound hole 13 to the outside.
  • a metal piece is embedded in a portion of the outer casing opposite to the rear acoustic cavity 15, and the metal plate is provided with a pressure relief hole 12 that communicates with the external environment and is acoustically sealed.
  • the pressure relief hole 12 penetrates through the metal piece in the thickness direction. The gas can pass through the pressure relief hole 12, thereby maintaining the air pressure of the rear sound chamber 15 in conformity with the air pressure of the external environment.
  • the material of the metal sheet may be, but not limited to, stainless steel, copper alloy or aluminum alloy. In view of the wide range of sources of raw materials, it is preferred that the metal sheet be a stainless steel sheet 18.
  • the pressure relief hole 12 is acoustically sealed, and for those skilled in the art, the meaning of the acoustic seal is that it is acoustically sealed, that is, the sound wave is not allowed to pass through.
  • the pressure relief passage is acoustically sealed, that is, the sound located in the front sound chamber 14 does not pass through the pressure relief passage into the rear sound chamber 15, thereby ensuring sound insulation of the front sound chamber 14 and the rear sound chamber 15 to prevent The speaker has failed.
  • the acoustic sealing of the pressure relief orifice 12 can be accomplished by means well known to those skilled in the art, such as by making the pressure relief orifice small, or by other known means to increase the damping of the pressure relief orifice. It is made to be a damper hole structure, so that sound can be prevented from propagating in the pressure venting hole 12.
  • the pressure relief hole 12 is further provided with a mesh on the side away from the rear sound chamber 15, that is, on the side close to the front sound chamber 14.
  • the mesh 17 is glued or bonded to the stainless steel sheet 18 by means of a double-sided tape 20 so that it can cover the pressure relief hole 12, which acts as a damping for a better acoustic seal.
  • the effect is also breathable to balance the pressure.
  • adjusting the spacing of the mesh holes in the mesh cloth 17 can achieve the purpose of adjusting the damping.
  • the mesh cloth 17 is provided to prevent foreign matter from entering the rear sound chamber 15. More preferably, a waterproof mesh cloth is used, which can improve the waterproof performance of the speaker module, and the speaker module is more suitable for waterproof portable devices.
  • the stainless steel piece 18 is embedded in the outer casing to form a positioning groove 19 on a side close to the front sound cavity 14, and the mesh cloth 17 is disposed in the positioning groove 19, and the mesh cloth 17 is away from the stainless steel piece.
  • the end face of 18 is flush with the surface of the outer casing. This structure saves space, keeps the rear sound chamber 15 smooth and tidy and saves the amount of mesh.
  • the speaker module provided by the invention has a metal piece embedded in the outer casing, and a pressure relief hole 12 is arranged on the metal piece.
  • the inner diameter of the pressure release hole 12 can be made small according to requirements, and no additional pressure relief groove is needed.
  • the post-acoustic cavity can be balanced with the air pressure of the external environment and has a good acoustic sealing effect.
  • the pressure relief hole of the speaker module does not need to be provided with a gland, and the structure is simple and the yield is high.
  • a stainless steel sheet 18 of the module is disposed within the housing 16 for separating the front acoustic chamber 14 from the rear acoustic chamber 15.
  • the middle case 3 is provided with a partition 16 on which a through hole for mounting a speaker unit is disposed, and the partition 16 is further provided with a stainless steel piece 18.
  • the speaker module has a pressure relief hole 12 disposed inside the outer casing, and the pressure relief hole connecting the external environment is not separately disposed at other positions of the rear sound chamber 15, so that the entire speaker module has a neat appearance and no pressure relief device 12 is present. Damage or blockage problem.
  • the materials of the upper shell, the middle shell and the lower shell are generally plastic, plastic or silica gel, which can be formed by an injection molding process according to a predetermined structure, and the metal sheet is molded by an insert.
  • a pressure relief hole should be placed on the metal sheet before insert molding.
  • the pressure relief hole can be opened by using technical means commonly used in the art, such as laser drilling.
  • the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief hole 12 may be, but not limited to, a polygon such as a rectangle, a triangle, or the like, and a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.
  • the pressure relief hole 12 plays a key role in the air pressure balance of the rear acoustic cavity 15 and the external environment as well as the acoustic sealing effect.
  • the smaller the resistance the larger the amount of sound leakage, the worse the acoustic sealing effect, but the effect of balancing the air pressure is better.
  • the thickness of the metal sheet cannot be made thicker by the thickness of the middle shell 3, that is, the length of the pressure relief hole 12 cannot be made long, but since the metal sheet is used, the method of opening the metal sheet is more than plastic or plastic. It is much easier to open the hole on the silica gel, and the metal piece has higher strength.
  • the hole diameter of the pressure release hole 12 can be made small, and the acoustic sealing effect is improved.
  • the pressure relief hole 12 has a circular cross section and an inner diameter of 0.1 mm or less. In addition, the inner diameter of the pressure relief hole 12 is small. Can effectively improve the waterproof performance of the module.
  • the stainless steel sheet 18 is provided with one or more pressure relief holes 12, when a plurality of pressure relief holes are provided, each Each of the pressure relief holes 12 communicates with the rear sound chamber 14 and the front sound chamber 15.
  • the manner in which the plurality of pressure relief holes 12 are distributed is not limited in the present invention.
  • a stainless steel sheet 18 is embedded in the outer casing to balance the pressure of the acoustic chamber 15 with the ambient atmosphere.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种扬声器模组。该模组包括外壳以及位于外壳的内腔中的扬声器单体，所述扬声器单体将内腔分隔为彼此隔绝的前声腔和后声腔，所述外壳上嵌设有金属片，所述金属片上设置有用于连通所述后声腔与外界环境且声学密封的泄压孔，所述泄压孔在远离所述后声腔的一侧设置有网布。本发明提供的扬声器模组其外壳嵌设有金属片，金属片上设置泄压孔，该泄压孔的内径可以根据需要做小，无需另外设置泄压槽，即可使后声腔与外界环境的气压平衡且具有良好的声学密封效果。此外，该扬声器模组的泄压孔无需设置压盖，结构简单，良品率高。

Description

扬声器模组 技术领域
本发明涉及声能转换技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种扬声器模组。
背景技术
为保证微型扬声器模组能在不同气压环境下正常工作，一般在扬声器后声腔设置一泄压装置，以保证与外界气压平衡。
现有的泄压装置一般设计为：外壳在后声腔处开设一个泄压孔，由于外壳一般采用塑料材质，泄压孔受到材料的限制其直径一般大于0.1mm。泄压孔大不利于扬声器的声学密封。此外，外壳在靠近后声腔的一侧必须开设泄压槽，泄压槽的上方粘贴一个压盖。该泄压槽与泄压孔连通形成泄压通道。该泄压通道可以使后声腔与外界环境等压，且能达到声学密封的效果。该结构中，泄压装置由泄压孔、泄压槽、压盖和网布组成，结构较为复杂，加工难度大，良品率低。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种扬声器模组的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种扬声器模组。该模组包括外壳以及位于外壳的内腔中的扬声器单体，所述扬声器单体将内腔分隔为彼此隔绝的前声腔和后声腔，所述外壳上嵌设有金属片，所述金属片上设置有用于连通所述后声腔与外界环境且声学密封的泄压孔，所述泄压孔在远离所述后声腔的一侧设置有网布。
优选地，所述金属片设置在所述外壳内用于将所述前声腔与所述后声腔隔开的隔板上。
优选地，所述金属片嵌入所述外壳在靠近所述前声腔的一侧形成定位槽，所述网布设置在所述定位槽中，所述网布的远离所述金属片的端面与 所述外壳的表面平齐。
优选地，所述外壳包括扣合在一起的上壳、中壳和下壳，所述隔板设置在所述中壳上。
优选地，所述金属片的材质为不锈钢、铜合金或者铝合金。
优选地，所述泄压孔的横截面为多边形或者圆形。
优选地，所述泄压孔为圆形，所述泄压孔的内径小于等于0.1mm。
优选地，所述外壳上嵌设有一个金属片。
优选地，所述金属片上设置有一个或者多个泄压孔。
优选地，所述网布为防水且透气网布。
本发明的发明人发现，在现有技术中，泄压装置由泄压孔、泄压槽、压盖和网布组成，结构较为复杂，加工难度大，良品率低。并且，受到材料的限制泄压孔无法做小，不利于声学密封。因此，本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
本发明提供的扬声器模组其外壳嵌设有金属片，金属片上设置泄压孔，该泄压孔的内径可以根据需要做小，无需另外设置泄压槽，即可使后声腔与外界环境的气压平衡且具有良好的声学密封效果。
此外，该扬声器模组的泄压孔无需设置压盖，结构简单，良品率高。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明实施例的扬声器模组的剖视图。
图2是图1中A位置的局部放大图。
图3是图2未设置网布的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供了一种扬声器模组，参照图1-2，该模组包括：外壳和扬声器单体11。其中，外壳由扣合在一起的上壳2、中壳3和下壳4构成，其内部形成内腔，扬声器单体11收容于内腔中。扬声器单体11将内腔分隔为彼此隔绝的前声腔14和后声腔15。扬声器单体11的振动组件与上壳2之间的空间为前声腔14，前声腔14与外界环境连通。扬声器单体11的磁路组件与下壳4之间的空间为后声腔15，后声腔15为密封的空间。
扬声器单体包括磁路系统和振动系统，其中磁路系统包括位于内腔中的盆架，以及位于盆架中的磁铁，磁铁和盆架的侧壁之间具有间隙，磁铁上还设置了华司等；振动系统包括固定在内腔内的振膜，以及驱动振膜发声的音圈，所述音圈固定在振膜上，并且悬置在磁铁与盆架侧壁的间隙中；振膜的中心位置设置有球顶等。
当音圈通电后，音圈会在磁路系统的作用下振动，与此同时，音圈驱动振膜一同振动，实现振膜的发声。所述外壳上还设置有连通前声腔14的声孔13，使得振膜发出的声音可以从声孔13流通到外界。上述结构属于本领域技术人员的公知常识，在此不再具体说明。
参照图2，在本发明中，外壳上与后声腔15相对的部位嵌设有金属片，金属片上设置有连通后声腔15与外界环境且声学密封的泄压孔12。该泄压孔12沿厚度方向贯穿于金属片。气体可以通过泄压孔12，从而保持后声腔15的气压与外界环境的气压一致。金属片的材质可以是但不局限于不锈钢、铜合金或者铝合金。考虑到原材料的来源广泛，优选的是，金属片采用不锈钢片18。
需要说明的是，该泄压孔12是声学密封的，对于本领域的技术人员来说，声学密封的含义为在声学上处于声密封的状态，也就是说，不允许声波穿过。该泄压通道为声学密封的，也就是说，位于前声腔14中的声音不会穿过泄压通道进入到后声腔15中，从而可以保证前声腔14与后声腔15的声隔绝，以防止扬声器发生失效。
在一些实施方式中，可通过本领域技术人员所熟知的手段来实现泄压孔12的声学密封，例如将泄压孔做的很小，或者通过其它公知的手段，提高该泄压孔的阻尼，使其成为阻尼孔结构，从而可以防止声音在该泄压孔12内传播。
参照图2，在本实施例中，泄压孔12在远离后声腔15的一侧，即靠近前声腔14的一侧还设置有网布(mesh)。使用时，将网布17涂胶或者使用双面胶20粘结固定到不锈钢片18上，使其能够覆盖泄压孔12，该网布17起到阻尼的作用，从而达到更好的声学密封的效果，又能透气起到平衡气压的作用。当然，对于本领域的技术人员来说，调节网布17中网孔的间距大小，可以达到调节其阻尼的目的。本发明中，设置的网布17还可以防止异物进入到后声腔15中。更加优选的是，采用防水网布，其可以提高扬声器模组的防水性能，这种扬声器模组更适用于防水式便携设备中。
进一步地，为了便于网布17的安装，参照图3，不锈钢片18嵌入外壳在靠近前声腔14的一侧形成定位槽19，网布17设置在定位槽19中，网布17的远离不锈钢片18的端面与外壳的表面平齐。这种结构节约空间,保持后声腔15的平滑整齐而且节约网布的用量。
本发明提供的扬声器模组，其外壳嵌设有金属片，金属片上设置泄压孔12，该泄压孔12的内径可以根据需要做小，无需另外设置泄压槽，即 可使后声腔与外界环境的气压平衡且具有良好的声学密封效果。此外，该扬声器模组的泄压孔无需设置压盖，结构简单，良品率高。
参照图1，在本发明的一种优选的实施方式中，模组的不锈钢片18设置在外壳内用于将前声腔14与后声腔15隔开的隔板16上。在一些示例中，中壳3上设置有隔板16，隔板16上设置有用于安装扬声器单体的通孔，隔板16还设置有不锈钢片18。本领域技术人员应当理解，前声腔14通过出声孔13与外界环境连通，因此，后声腔15与前声腔14连通即相当于后声腔15与外界环境连通。可以理解的是，泄压孔12的靠近前声腔14的一侧覆盖有网布17。该扬声器模组，其泄压孔12设置在外壳的内部，不用在后声腔15的其他位置单独设置连通外界环境的泄压孔，使得整个扬声器模组外观整洁，也不会出现泄压装置12损坏或堵塞的问题。当然，也可以在外壳的其他部位设置不锈钢片18，只要能满足连通后声腔与外部环境即可。
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，为了便于加工，上壳、中壳和下壳的材质一般为塑料、塑胶或者硅胶，可以根据预定的结构采用注塑工艺进行成型，金属片用嵌件注塑的方法注塑进中壳。嵌件注塑之前应先在金属片上开设泄压孔。可以采用本领域常用的技术手段，如激光开孔等开设泄压孔。进一步地，泄压孔12的横截面积可以是但不局限于矩形、三角形等多边形，以及圆形、椭圆形等。
更进一步地，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，泄压孔12对后声腔15与外界环境的气压平衡以及声学密封效果起到关键作用。泄压孔12越长且内径越小则声阻越大，声音泄漏量越小，声学密封效果越好，但平衡气压的效果较差；反之，泄压孔12越短且内径越大则声阻越小，声音泄漏量越大，声学密封效果越差，但平衡气压的效果较好。金属片的厚度受到中壳3厚度的限制无法做到更厚，也就是说，泄压孔12的长度无法做到很长，但由于采用金属片，金属片上开孔的方法比在塑料、塑胶和硅胶上开孔容易的多，并且金属片具有更高的强度，在保证气压平衡效果的前提下，可以将泄压孔12的孔径做地很小，提高了声学密封效果。优选的是，泄压孔12的横截面为圆形，其内径小于等于0.1mm。此外，泄压孔12的内径小还 可以有效地提高模组的防水性能。
为了保证后声腔15与外界环境的气压平衡，在本发明的一种具体的实施方式中，不锈钢片18上设置有一个或者多个泄压孔12，当设置有多个泄压孔时，每个泄压孔12都连通后声腔14与前声腔15。多个泄压孔12的分布方式本发明不做限定。在另一具体的实施方式中，外壳上嵌设一个不锈钢片18，以起到平衡后声腔15与外界环境气压的作用。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种扬声器模组，包括外壳以及位于外壳的内腔中的扬声器单体(11)，其特征在于，所述扬声器单体(11)将内腔分隔为彼此隔绝的前声腔(14)和后声腔(15)，所述外壳上嵌设有金属片，所述金属片上设置有用于连通所述后声腔(15)与外界环境且声学密封的泄压孔(12)，所述泄压孔(12)在远离所述后声腔(15)的一侧设置有网布(17)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述金属片设置在所述外壳内用于将所述前声腔(14)与所述后声腔(15)隔开的隔板(16)上。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述金属片嵌入所述外壳且在靠近所述前声腔(14)的一侧形成定位槽(19)，所述网布(17)设置在所述定位槽(19)中，所述网布(17)的远离所述金属片的端面与所述外壳的表面平齐。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述外壳包括扣合在一起的上壳(2)、中壳(3)和下壳(4)，所述隔板(16)设置在所述中壳(3)上。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述金属片的材质为不锈钢、铜合金或者铝合金。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述泄压孔(12)的横截面为多边形或者圆形。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述泄压孔(12)为圆形，所述泄压孔(12)的内径小于等于0.1mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述外壳上嵌设有一个金属片。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述金属片上设置有一个或者多个泄压孔(12)。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中的任意一项所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述网布(17)为防水且透气网布。
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