WO2017143699A1

WO2017143699A1 - Seedling thrower

Info

Publication number: WO2017143699A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/085980
Authority: WO
Inventors: 彭忠圣; 胡爱清; 汤健
Original assignee: 彭忠圣
Priority date: 2016-02-24
Filing date: 2016-06-16
Publication date: 2017-08-31
Also published as: CN106612791B; CN106612791A

Abstract

A seedling thrower comprises a rack (1), a first drive device (2), and a seedling and seedling tray conveying device (3), a seedling taking device (4), a seedling conveying device (5), and a seedling throwing device (6) that are provided on the rack. The seedling and seedling tray conveying device comprises a conveying group (31) of which the tail end is connected to the first drive device. The seedling taking device comprises several first drive belt groups (41) of which the start ends are connected to the first drive device and seedling gripping devices (42). Each of the seedling gripping devices is disposed between adjacent first drive belt groups. The seedling conveying device comprises several second drive belt groups (51) of which the axes are parallel to the axes of the first drive belt groups in a direction vertical to the travelling direction of the seedling thrower. The start end of the seedling conveying device is connected to the first drive device. The seedling throwing device comprises a second drive device (61) and several third drive belt groups (62). The start ends of the third drive belt groups are disposed beneath the tail ends of the second drive belt groups. The seedling thrower is highly automated and can greatly improve production efficiency.

Description

Throwing machine

The present application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201610100343.4, filed on Feb. 24, 2016, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural rice planting machinery, in particular to a throwing machine.

Background technique

Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. More than half of the world's population is mainly rice. The rice growing industry is mainly distributed in the Asian monsoon region. China is the world's largest rice producing country. The traditional cultivation method of rice is intensive cultivation, labor intensive and labor intensive.

Mechanization of rice planting has a very large impact on rice production. Practice has shown that mechanization of rice planting can reduce labor consumption and greatly improve work efficiency. Vigorously promoting the mechanization of rice planting is an important way to solve the shortage of rice production labor, stabilize rice production, increase the efficiency of rice production, increase the labor productivity of rice production, and increase farmers' income.

There are three main modes of rice planting machinery: straight insertion, transplanting and throwing, while throwing technology has the advantages of no damage in the rooting process, fast returning, low effective number of branches, mature and consistent, and obvious growth effect. Become a hot spot for mechanical researchers.

However, in the prior art throwing machine, when the throwing machine is thrown, the seedlings are disorderly arranged, the polarization of the missing plants and the multiple plants are too dense, and the seedlings are unevenly distributed, and the ventilation effect is poor after the tilling is completed, and the plurality of plants are piled up. The place is the source of disease and insects, and the waste of fertilizer, medicine and sunlight is large. Therefore, although there are advantages such as quick returning and more tillering, the yield has no significant advantage.

Summary of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide a throwing machine to solve the problems of the prior art.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a throwing machine, comprising: a frame, a first driving device, and a seedling tray conveying device, a picking device, a feeding device and a throwing device disposed on the frame. The picking device, the seedling tray conveying device and the pumping device are arranged along the walking direction of the throwing machine, and respectively a first driving device is connected, the driving device is disposed below the picking device, and the running speed is greater than or equal to the running speed of the picking device; the throwing device is symmetrically disposed on the driving device The angle between the lower side and the running device in the running direction of the seedling is an acute angle, and the throwing device is configured to receive the seedling dropped by the feeding device and throw the seedling into the field; wherein:

The seedling tray conveying device includes a conveying group, and an end of the conveying group is connected to the first driving device;

The picking device comprises an array of a first belt set and a gripper, the starting end of the first belt set is connected to the first driving device, and the gripper is disposed in the adjacent first belt Between groups;

The sputum device comprises an array of a second belt set, the axis of the second belt set being parallel to the axis of the upper belt set in the vertical throwing machine running direction, the starting end of the sputum device The first driving device is connected;

The throwing device includes a second driving device and a third driving belt group whose arrays are horizontally parallel to each other, and a starting end of the third driving belt group is disposed below an end of the second driving belt group, the second driving device Connected to the starting end of the third belt set, the running speed of the third belt set matches the row spacing of the seedlings.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the seedling tray conveying device includes a seedling branch introducing device matched with the first belt group, and the seedling branch introducing device is fixedly disposed on the On the frame, and near the beginning of the pick-up device.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in a second possible implementation of the first aspect, the seedling tray conveying device further includes a tray guide for separating the tray and the seedling, the tray guide being disposed on the The end of the delivery group.

In combination with the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the picking device comprises a loose device disposed between the adjacent first belt groups and located along the edge After the clamp in the direction of seedling operation.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the second belt set includes a second belt having a different length, and the length of the second belt is successively decreased from the intermediate position to the both ends.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the third belt set includes a third belt having different lengths, and the length of the third belt is sequentially increased along a walking direction of the throwing machine.

In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the throwing machine further includes a disk collecting device, and the disk collecting device is fixedly mounted to the frame Up and under the disk guide, the distance between the center of the disk collecting device and the center of the disk guide is greater than the length of the disk.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the throwing machine includes a balancing device fixedly disposed on the frame and in the first driving device The hydraulic lifting arms are connected.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the throwing machine includes a ground support device and a travel device, the flat support device is fixedly disposed on the frame, and the ground support device The width is greater than the width of the chassis and the walking wheel in the traveling device.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, when the seedling is dropped from the picking device to the sputum device, the running speed of the second belt group in the slinging device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is greater than or equal to the smashing speed. The running speed of the first belt set in the device enables the seedling to maintain the upright position of the erect or the root in the anterior stem when the seedling is moved on the sputum device, so that the third transmission receives the seedlings in sequence; the picking device passes the first The belt set is used for picking and feeding, which avoids damage to the seedlings caused by excessive force during the picking process. The use of the conveying device and the throwing device makes the seedlings smoothly reach the third belt set of the throwing device. Using the friction force, the seedlings are relatively stationary on the third belt set, and the linear speed of the third belt set is adjusted so that the seedlings on the third belt set can fall into the field at the required line spacing. The throwing machine realizes horizontal, wide, fixed point, throwing in rows, and the thrown seedlings stand upright on the mud surface. The throwing machine is provided with an array of transmission belt groups to cooperate with each other, and the planting work of multiple seedlings can be carried out at the same time, and the throwing efficiency is very high, and it can throw more than one hundred acres per shift.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that In other words, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying for creative labor.

1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a throwing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a seedling tray conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a picking device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sputum device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a throwing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third transmission belt set according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is a partial embodiment of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

In the embodiment of the invention, the entrance end of the seedling is the starting end, the exit end of the seedling is the end, and the seedling of the throwing machine is in the walking direction.

Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a throwing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a frame 1, a first driving device 2, and a seedling tray conveying device 3 disposed on the frame 1. a sputum device 4, a sputum device 5 and a sputum device 6, the sputum device 4, the seedling tray transport device 3 and the sputum device 5 are disposed along the walking direction of the throwing machine, and respectively associated with the first drive The device 2 is connected, the sputum device 5 is disposed under the sputum device 4, and the running speed is greater than or equal to the running speed of the picking device 4; the throwing device 6 is symmetrically disposed on the sputum The lower side of the device 5 has an acute angle with the sputum device 5 in the running direction of the seedling, and the throwing device 6 is configured to receive the seedlings dropped by the sputum device 5 and to throw the seedlings Into the field.

The first driving device 2 includes a linkage box 21, a hydraulic lifting arm 22, a multi-axis power output unit 23 and a transmission shaft. The linkage box 21 is provided with different gear positions for adjusting the walking speed of the throwing machine. So that the distance between the seedlings can be adjusted as needed; the hydraulic lifting arm is used to adjust the height of the frame 1, and before the throwing machine enters the farmland to start work, adjust the frame 1 to a suitable height to avoid the frame 1 and The device on the rack 1 collides with the ground and is damaged. When starting work, the height of the rack 1 is lowered to ensure the smooth completion of the throwing planting operation; the multi-axis power take-off 23 and the pick-up device 4 and the transport device 5 It is connected with the seedling tray conveying device 3 to ensure the normal operation of each device.

The throwing machine further includes a running device 10 including a chassis and a walking ground. The traveling device 10 is mainly used to carry the weight of the whole machine, the walking motion and the required function control manipulation. The traveling device 10 is connected to the frame 1 and other devices through the linkage box 21 and the hydraulic lifting arm 22.

The throwing machine further includes a tray collecting device 7 fixedly mounted on the frame 1 and located below the sputum device 5, the center of the tray collecting device 7 and the The distance between the centers of the sputum device 5 is greater than the length of the cymbal disk.

The throwing machine includes a balancing device 8 fixedly disposed on the frame 1 and connected to the hydraulic lifting arm 22 in the first driving device 2 for holding the throwing machine and The field remains relatively horizontal so that the seedlings are thrown at the same height.

The throwing machine includes a ground supporting device 9 fixedly disposed on the frame 1. The width of the flat supporting device 9 is greater than the width of the chassis and the walking wheel in the traveling device 10. . When the flat support device 9 is in operation, it is towed on the mud surface to level the mud surface, support the throwing machine, and realize the throwing machine to maintain the same height throwing time.

The arrangement of the balancing device 8 and the ground supporting device 9 is only one of the implementation manners, but it should not be taken as a limitation of the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may select other setting modes according to actual conditions, It should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a seedling tray conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The seedling tray conveying device 3 is used for transporting seedlings and trays still in the tray to the tray. The sputum device 4 includes a transport group 31, the end of the transport group 31 is connected to the first drive device 2, and the seedling branch introducer 32 is fixedly disposed on the rack 1 and adjacent to the pick-up device The starting end of 4 is used for arranging the seedlings in the tray into a plurality of rows, and the seedling branch introducer 32 is matched with the first belt set 41, that is, the distance between the adjacent seedling branch introducers 32. The distance from the first pulley 44 in the adjacent first belt set 41 is equal; the disc guide 33 is used to separate the disc and the seedling, and the disc guide 33 is disposed in the transport group 31. At the end, the disc guide 33 has an arc-like structure matching the shape of the sprocket at the end of the transport group 31, and a spacing is provided between the disc guide 33 and the sprocket, the spacing is smooth The plate is better.

Of course, in order to facilitate the smooth transportation of the seedlings and the trays on the transport group 31, before entering the transport group 31, a tray slide 34 is further provided at the beginning end of the transport group 31, the tray An angle is set between the slide plate 34 and the transport group 31, and the angle may be between 110° and 150°. The angle in the embodiment of the present invention is 130°, so that the seedling carrying the seedlings smoothly enters the transport group 31. .

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a picking device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The picking device 4 is configured to take out a seedling from a tray and transmit it to the feeding device 5, including an array first. a belt set 41 and a gripper 42, the starting end of the first belt set 41 is coupled to the first drive unit 2, and the gripper 42 is disposed between adjacent ones of the first belt sets 41 .

The starting end of the first belt set 41 is a first pulley 44, and the first pulley 44 is connected to the first driving device 2 to drive the first belt set 41 to operate, the first pulley 44 The radius matches the height of the seedlings, so that the seedlings that stand “standing” are taken as the standard, and the seedlings are prevented from being excessively bent by the extrusion during transportation.

In the direction of the seedling running direction, a groove is disposed on the clamper 42 for placing the first belt 45 in the first belt set 41, and the distance between the belts in the groove is smaller than that of the first pulley 44. The distance between the first belts 45 is such that the belt has a clamping force to clamp the seedlings and carry the seedlings toward the sputum device 5.

The picking device 4 further includes a slinger 43 disposed between the adjacent first belt sets 41 and located behind the gripper 42 in the direction of seedling operation. For expanding the adjacent first belt 45 so that the seedlings sandwiched between the first belts 45 fall toward the sputum device 5, of course, by setting the end of the first belt set 41 The distance between the second pulleys 46 adjusts the distance between the adjacent first belts 45 to open the first belt 45.

As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sputum device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sputum device 5 includes an array of second belt sets 51, and the axis of the second belt set 51 is as described above. The axis of the first belt set 41 is parallel in the direction of travel of the vertical throwing machine, the starting end of the pumping device 5 is connected to the first driving device 2; the second belt set 51 comprises a second of different lengths The belt 53 has a length of the second belt 53 which is successively decreased toward the both ends along the intermediate position.

The third pulleys 52 of the second belt set 51 are on the same line, ensuring that the seedlings in the first belt set 41 can simultaneously fall onto the second belt 53.

The vertical distance between the sputum device 5 and the second pulley 46 is less than the height of the seedling. When the seedling falls to the sputum device 5, the root of the seedling is on the sputum device 5, and the seedling is The stem portion is in the adjacent first belt 45 of the first belt group 41, since the sputum device 5 and the sputum device 4 are simultaneously connected to the first driving device 2, the sputum device 5 The running speed is slightly greater than or equal to the running speed of the picking device 4, and when the seedling reaches the sputum device 5, the seedling can keep standing or the root is in the running state of the front stem when moving on the sputum device, so that The third transmission carries the seedlings in sequence, in the Under the common transport of the sputum device 4 and the sputum device 5, it is operated forward until it falls to the throwing device 6.

5 and FIG. 6, FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a throwing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third driving belt set according to an embodiment of the present invention; a second driving device 61 and a third driving belt group 62 which are parallel to each other in the horizontal direction, the starting end of the third driving belt group 62 is disposed below the end of the second driving belt group 51, and the second driving device 61 and the The starting end of the third belt set 62 is connected, the length of the third belt set 62, the running speed is matched with the row spacing of the seedlings.

The length of the third belt 63 in the third belt set 62 is different, and the length of the third belt 63 is sequentially increased along the walking direction of the throwing machine. Compared with the running direction of the throwing machine, the third driving belt 63 is laterally disposed in the throwing machine, and in order to reduce the volume of the entire throwing machine, adjusting the length of the third driving belt 63 also makes the whole The throwing machine is lighter and easier.

A transmission gear box 64 is further disposed between the second driving device 61 and the third belt group 62, and the second driving device 61 is configured to power the throwing device 6, the third belt group 62 The fifth pulley 65 serves as a driving wheel, respectively provided with different radii, and the radius of the fifth pulley 65 matches the length of the third belt 63, so that the speed of each of the third belts 63 is length-dependent. Different settings are made differently, so that the distance between the rows of the seedlings can be adjusted, and finally the neat rows of the seedlings that are thrown can be neatly arranged.

In conjunction with the above drawings, the working principle of the throwing machine of the present invention will be described in detail below:

The first driving device 2 is connected to the picking device 4, the sputum device 5 and the seedling tray conveying device 3 through a multi-axis power take-off 23 of a throwing machine, and the multi-axis power take-off 23 is equipped with different drive shafts. In order to achieve speed control of various different devices.

The seedlings planted in the tray are inserted into the seedling tray conveying device 3 through the tray slide 34, and the second sprocket 35 at the end of the conveying group 31 is a driving wheel, driven by the first driving device 2, The whole transport group 31 is driven to operate. If the distance between the seedling tray transporting device 3 is too long, it may be added to another transport group 31, and the transport group 31 carries the seedlings and the trays to the seedling branch introducer. 32. The seedling branch introducer 32 divides the seedlings into rows in an orderly manner so that the seedlings can be evenly distributed into the first belt set 41 in the picking device 4.

The first pulley shaft of the first belt set 41 is coupled to the first driving device 2, and drives the entire first belt group 41 as a driving shaft. The radius of the first pulley 44 is the same as the height of the seedling. The matching can ensure that the seedlings smoothly pass through the first pulley 44 into the first transmission belt 45 of the first transmission belt group 41, and the clamp 42 is disposed between the adjacent first transmission belts 45, and the clamp 42 Close to the first pulley 44, such that the distance between the belts near the first pulley 44 is smaller than the distance between adjacent belts on the first pulley 44, so that the belt has a clamping force and can be clamped The seedlings are moved forward, and when the seedlings are clamped by the seedlings between the first belts 45, the trays reach the tray guide 33, the tray guides 33 and the second chain The wheel 35 is shaped to match, and the disk is along the disk guide 33, along the direction of rotation of the second sprocket 35, changes the original direction of motion, and is transported by the second sprocket 35 The seedling tray conveying device 3 is taken out and falls to the tray collecting device 7.

The seedlings pass smoothly through the gripper 42 to the looseness device 43, which is disposed between the first belts 45 and adjacent to the second pulley 46 of the first belt set 41. The clamper 42 increases the distance between the adjacent first belts 45, and the clamping force between the first belts 45 is reduced until the seedlings cannot be clamped to continue to advance, and the roots of the seedlings are On the second belt set 51 of the sputum device 5, the stem portion is adjacent to the first belt 45, and since the running speed of the second belt set 51 is slightly greater than or equal to the running speed of the first belt set 41, The seedlings can still remain "standing" or slightly inclined on the second belt 53, running forward.

The third pulley shaft of the second belt set 51 is connected to the first driving device 2, and the second belt group 51 is driven as a driving shaft. The length of the second belt 53 of the second belt group 51 is different. The length of the second belt 53 is successively decreased toward the both end positions along the intermediate position. The second belt 53 is matched to the third belt 63 in the throwing device 6. A third belt set 62 of the throwing device 6 is disposed under the end of the second belt 53. After the seedling reaches the end of the second belt set 51, it falls onto the throwing device 6, and the throwing device 6 finally finishes throwing. action.

The throwing device 6 is powered by a second driving device 61, and each of the third driving belts 63 is connected to the second driving device 61 via a fifth pulley 65 for speed adjustment of the third belt set 62. It can be adjusted according to the required row spacing of the seedlings, so that the seedlings on the different third belts 63 can be made into rows after falling into the farmland. The seedling falling on the third belt 63 causes the seedling to be relatively stationary with the third belt 63 due to the frictional force of the third belt 63, and the third belt 63 runs forward at the same speed, but each The speed of the belt is not the same, and the length of the belt is different. According to the required spacing of the seedlings and the length of the belt, the speed of the third belt set 62 is adjusted, and the seedlings are moved to the end of the third belt set 62. The seedlings that are thrown into the farmland and eventually fall into the farmland can ensure a straight line of equidistance.

For the throwing machine, the seedling tray conveying device 3, the picking device 4 and the conveying device 5 are also matched with the walking speed of the throwing machine, so that the seedlings on each row can maintain a suitable distance, and finally The seedlings in the farmland are kept at an appropriate distance and arranged in an orderly manner.

It should be noted that, in this context, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply these There is any such actual relationship or order between entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprises" or "comprises" or "comprises" or any other variations thereof is intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device that comprises a plurality of elements includes not only those elements but also Other elements, or elements that are inherent to such a process, method, item, or device. An element that is defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional equivalent elements in the process, method, item, or device that comprises the element.

The above is only the specific embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but the scope of the invention is to be accorded

Claims

A throwing machine, comprising: a frame (1), a first driving device (2), and a seedling tray conveying device (3) and a picking device (4) disposed on the frame (1) , the sputum device (5) and the sputum device (6), the sputum device (4), the seedling tray conveying device (3) and the sputum device (5) are arranged along the walking direction of the throwing machine, and Connected to the first driving device (2) respectively, the sputum device (5) is disposed below the sputum device (4), and the running speed is greater than or equal to the operation of the picking device (4) Speed; the throwing device (6) is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the lower side of the sputum device (5), and the throwing device (6) is in the direction of running the seedling and the sputum device (5) The angle is an acute angle, and the throwing device (6) is configured to receive the seedlings dropped by the sputum device (5) and throw the seedlings into the field; wherein:

The seedling tray conveying device (3) includes a conveying group (31), and an end of the conveying group (31) is connected to the first driving device (2);

The picking device (4) comprises an array of a first belt set (41) and a gripper (42), the starting end of the first belt set (41) being connected to the first driving device (2), The clamp (42) is disposed between adjacent ones of the first belt sets (41);

The sputum device (5) comprises an array of second belt sets (51), the axis of the second belt set (51) and the axis of the first belt set (41) are in the direction of the vertical throwing machine Parallel, the starting end of the sputum device (5) is connected to the first driving device (2);

The throwing device (6) includes a second driving device (61) and a third belt set (62) parallel to each other in the horizontal direction of the array, and a starting end of the third belt set (62) is disposed at the second Below the end of the belt set (51), the second drive unit (61) is coupled to the start end of the third belt set (62), and the speed of the third belt set (62) matches the row spacing of the seedlings .
The throwing machine according to claim 1, wherein said seedling tray conveying device (3) comprises a seedling branch introducing device (32) matched with said first belt set (41), said seedling The branch introducer (32) is fixedly disposed on the frame (1) and adjacent to the starting end of the pick-up device (4).
A throwing machine according to claim 1, wherein said seedling tray conveying device (3) further comprises a tray guide (33) for separating the tray and the seedling, said tray guide ( 33) disposed at an end of the transport group (31).
The throwing machine according to claim 1, wherein said picking device (4) comprises a loose device (43), and said loose device (43) is disposed adjacent said first driving belt set Between (41) and after the gripper (42) in the direction of seedling running.
A throwing machine according to claim 1, wherein said second belt set (51) comprises a second belt (53) of different length, said second belt (53) having a length along the intermediate position to two The end positions are successively decremented.
A throwing machine according to claim 1, wherein said third belt set (62) comprises a third belt (63) of different length, said third belt (63) having a length running along a throwing machine Direction, in order.
The throwing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the throwing machine further comprises a tray collecting device (7), the tray collecting device (7) being fixedly mounted on the frame (1) And located below the disk guide (33), the distance between the center of the disk collecting device (7) and the center of the disk guide (33) is greater than the length of the disk.
The throwing machine according to claim 1, wherein the throwing machine comprises a balancing device (8), the balancing device (8) is fixedly disposed on the frame (1), and The hydraulic lifting arms (22) in the first drive unit (2) are connected.
The throwing machine according to claim 1, wherein the throwing machine comprises a ground supporting device (9) and a running device (10), and the flat supporting device (9) is fixedly disposed on the frame ( 1) The width of the flat support device (9) is greater than the width of the chassis and the ground wheel in the travel device (10).