WO2017143666A1 - 苯甲酸钙在制备动物饲料添加剂中的应用 - Google Patents
苯甲酸钙在制备动物饲料添加剂中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017143666A1 WO2017143666A1 PCT/CN2016/081814 CN2016081814W WO2017143666A1 WO 2017143666 A1 WO2017143666 A1 WO 2017143666A1 CN 2016081814 W CN2016081814 W CN 2016081814W WO 2017143666 A1 WO2017143666 A1 WO 2017143666A1
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- animal
- calcium benzoate
- growth
- benzoate
- animal feed
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- HERCRZDZUNPQHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(c1ccccc1)OCCNOC(c1ccccc1)=O Chemical compound O=C(c1ccccc1)OCCNOC(c1ccccc1)=O HERCRZDZUNPQHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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- the invention belongs to the field of animal feed additives, and particularly relates to the application of calcium benzoate in preparing animal feed additives.
- Animal feed is currently the essential animal-based diet to replace traditional raw produce in animal farming. It is often desirable for animals to consume the least amount of feed in a short period of time for healthy and efficient growth.
- various functional feed additives are added to the feed during the feed processing process to prepare a functional feed.
- feed antibiotics, zinc oxide or copper sulfate are commonly used feed additives in the past to improve animal performance and prevent animal diseases.
- high-dose inorganic zinc or inorganic copper feed additives is toxic to animals and inhibits animal growth; while the abuse of feed antibiotics also leads to microbial resistance, drug residues and drug resistance transmission to human health. Threat.
- the emergence of these problems has led to restrictions or bans on the use of traditional feed additives in animal farming. Therefore, the development of new safe and efficient feed additives is of great significance to the animal husbandry industry.
- the inventors have found for the first time that calcium benzoate has anti-diarrhea effect in animal breeding and can significantly improve animal performance and is superior to benzoic acid or sodium benzoate, providing a new use for calcium benzoate.
- the calcium benzoate of the present invention is a benzoate having a molar ratio of benzoic acid to calcium ion of 2:1, and the molecular formula is as shown in Formula I:
- the calcium benzoate obtained by the above method is used in an animal feeding test study, and the addition of calcium benzoate to the animal diet during the treatment of infected animals can significantly improve the appetite, control diarrhea and odor, and improve production performance.
- calcium benzoate is added to the basal diet of healthy animals in a blended manner, and the animal's performance, particularly growth promoting, is significant.
- the calcium benzoate is applied to the basal diet of the animal and is used in the culture of the animal compared to the basal diet without the addition of calcium benzoate.
- the incidence of diarrhea in the animal is significantly reduced or even diarrhea does not occur. Or soft stools and other phenomena.
- the application of calcium benzoate as a feed additive can be used in a feed processing industry in the form of a premix, a powder, a granule, a solution, a suspension, or the like, or in combination with a full-price compound feed.
- calcium benzoate as an animal feed additive, such as farm animals such as livestock, poultry or aquatic animals.
- the livestock also includes monogastric animals or ruminants such as pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, rabbits, dogs, cats or baboons in various growth stages, in which calcium benzoate is added to the feed at a dose of benzene.
- Calcium formate is calculated to be 500-10000 ppm.
- the poultry also includes chickens, turkeys, guinea fowls, ducks, geese, pigeons or quails in various stages of growth.
- the amount of calcium benzoate added to the feed is 500-calculated as calcium benzoate. 10,000ppm.
- the aquatic animal includes fish, shrimp or crab in various growth stages, and the dosage of calcium benzoate in the culture of the animal is 500-10000 ppm in terms of calcium benzoate, and the dosage is not improved in the application range.
- the effect of the excrement of aquatic animals on the odor of water quality has also achieved the effect of improving production performance.
- the calcium benzoate provided by the invention as an animal feed additive has the advantages of promoting animal growth and can prevent diarrhea in animals, and has a good application prospect in the breeding industry.
- Group Test chicken / only Additive Dose/ppm Average weight gain / g Consumption / kg Meat to meat ratio Diarrhea rate /% 1 50 Blank group - 727 1.53 2.100 twenty three 2 50 Calcium benzoate 500 732 1.52 2.081 12 3 50 Calcium benzoate 1000 736 1.57 2.133 8 4 50 Calcium benzoate 2000 745 1.53 2.054 5 5 50 Calcium benzoate 4000 751 1.55 2.064 3 6 50 Calcium benzoate 8000 753 1.54 2.045 1
- the test fish used was grass carp, which was carried out by the aquatic farm of the Ince Test Site in Guangzhou.
- the healthy and lively, uniform-sized green carp species were used for formal culture trials after being kept in large cages for 4 weeks.
- the experimental system was a floating small cage. Both the small cage and the holding cage are placed in a 3500 m 2 pond at the test site. The pond water depth is ⁇ 1.5 m, and the pond water is fully aerated bottom water.
- 160 fishes that were hungry for 1 day were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group consisted of 4 replicates, and 10 fishes were placed in each replicate. After weighing, they were randomly placed in 16 cages and fed different test feeds. .
- the test feed was prepared according to the formula of Table 5. Different test groups were added with different growth promoters in the base materials. The test was fed by artificial diet, and the feeding amount was adjusted once a week. The feeding levels (by initial weight) were identical and fed twice a day (7:30 and 15:00). The trial lasted for 8 weeks.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
苯甲酸钙在制备饲料添加剂中的应用。苯甲酸钙在动物的生产性能促进和抗动物腹泻方面具有显著的效果，适用于各个生长阶段的家畜、家禽和水产动物的养殖，在养殖业中具有很好的应用前景。
Description
本发明属于动物饲料添加剂领域，具体涉及苯甲酸钙在制备动物饲料添加剂中的应用。
动物饲料是目前必需的动物基础日粮替代传统的原始农产品在动物养殖中应用。人们往往希望动物在最短的时间消耗最少的饲料健康高效的成长。为了达到此目的，各种功能的饲料添加剂在饲料加工过程添加到饲料中制备成为功能性饲料。其中，饲用抗生素、氧化锌或硫酸铜等是过去常用的饲料添加剂用于提高动物的生产性能和防治动物疾病。但是高剂量无机锌或无机铜类饲料添加剂的长期使用对动物是有毒性的并抑制动物生长；而饲用抗生素的滥用也导致微生物耐药性产生、药物残留以及耐药性传递对人类健康造成威胁。这些问题的出现导致传统饲料添加剂在动物养殖中使用受到限制或者禁用。因此，开发新型的安全的高效的饲料添加剂对动物养殖业具有重要的意义。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供苯甲酸钙在制备动物饲料添加剂中的应用。
本发明人首次研究发现苯甲酸钙在动物养殖中还具有抗腹泻的作用并能显著改善动物的生产性能并优于苯甲酸或苯甲酸钠的作用，为苯甲酸钙提供了新的用途。
本发明涉及的苯甲酸钙是苯甲酸与钙离子的摩尔比为2：1的苯甲酸盐，其分子式如式I所示：
其可以通过将苯甲酸溶解在氢氧化钠水溶液中缓慢滴加氯化钙水溶液搅拌形成沉淀后分离反应液收集沉淀而得。
上述方法所得的苯甲酸钙用于动物饲养试验研究，在感染发病动物的治疗过程将苯甲酸钙添加到动物日粮中可明显改善动物的食欲、控制腹泻及臭味和使生产性能提高。
在另一实施方案中，苯甲酸钙以混料方式添加到健康动物的基础日粮中，动物的生产性能尤其是促生长方面作用显著。
在进一步的实施方案中，苯甲酸钙应用在动物的基础日粮中，与不添加苯甲酸钙的基础日粮相比应用在动物的养殖过程中，动物腹泻的发病率明显下降甚至不发生拉稀或者软便等现象。
另一方面，苯甲酸钙作为饲料添加剂的应用可以预混剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、溶液剂、混悬剂等方式用于饲料加工业中，或与全价配合饲料混料使用。
苯甲酸钙作为动物饲料添加剂的应用，所述的动物包括家畜、家禽或水产动物等养殖动物。
所述的家畜还包括各个生长阶段的猪、牛、羊、马、兔、狗、猫或驴等单胃动物或反刍动物，在此类动物养殖中苯甲酸钙在饲料中添加的剂量以苯甲酸钙计为500-10000ppm。
所述的家禽还包括各个生长阶段的鸡、火鸡、珍珠鸡、鸭、鹅、鸽或鹌鹑等，在此类动物养殖中苯甲酸钙在饲料中添加的剂量以苯甲酸钙计为500-10000ppm。
所述的水产动物包括各个生长阶段的鱼、虾或蟹等，此类动物的养殖中苯甲酸钙在饲料中添加的剂量以苯甲酸钙计为500-10000ppm，在此剂量应用范围内不但改善了水产动物所排粪便对水质气味的影响还达到了改善生产性能的作用。
综上所述，本发明提供的苯甲酸钙作为动物饲料添加剂具有促进动物生长的优势还可预防动物腹泻，在养殖行业中具有很好的应用前景。
为了描述本发明，以下列出了实施例。但需要理解，本发明不限于这些实施例，只是提供实践本发明的方法。
实施例1：苯甲酸钙的制备
室温下搅拌，苯甲酸122.2g(1.0mol，1.0eq)分5批溶解于100mL含45.0g
氢氧化钠的水溶液中，再向此反应液缓慢滴加200mL含氯化钙108.5g(0.5mol，0.5eq)的水溶液，逐渐有白色固体析出，投料完毕反应液继续搅拌反应1h，抽滤，滤饼用水洗涤至滤液呈中性、50℃减压干燥得苯甲酸钙233.5g，产率82.7％。
苯甲酸钙的结构式如式I所示：
实施例2：苯甲酸钙在断奶猪料中的应用效果
160头28日龄平均体重7.61kg的断奶猪、体重相近的杜长大三元杂瘦肉型小猪如表1分8组，每组20头。各组在常规教槽料(不含任何药物饲料添加剂及氧化锌)中添加不同剂量的苯甲酸钙后，自由采食和饮水，统计10天内各试验组试验猪的增重及饲料报酬及腹泻率，以不添加的作为对照组，以添加苯甲酸和苯甲酸钠的作为苯甲酸组和苯甲酸钠组。结果如表1所示，从表1可以看出，2000-20000ppm的苯甲酸钙相比对照组及苯甲酸组和苯甲酸钠组均可明显降低试验猪腹泻率，且对生产性能的改进有明显的剂量效应；另外，8000ppm的苯甲酸钙相比同等剂量的苯甲酸和苯甲酸钠对动物的生产性能(平均日采食量、平均日增重)的改进效果更为显著。
表1 不同剂量的苯甲酸钙对断奶猪的促生长效果试验结果
实施例3：不同剂量的苯甲酸钙在肉鸡饲料中的应用
300羽1日龄健康、生长状态相同且体重相近的快大黄羽肉鸡(母苗)按表2随机分成6个处理组，每组50羽，并分别在每组中以混料方式添加不同剂量的苯甲酸钙。试验期笼养，自由采食和自由饮水。试验期共30天，试验期苯甲酸钙试验组在试验鸡的增重、料肉比和腹泻率方面均有显著改善(表2)。
表2 不同剂量的苯甲酸钙对肉鸡的促生长效果试验结果
| 组别 | 试验鸡/只 | 添加物 | 剂量/ppm | 平均增重/g | 耗料/kg | 料肉比 | 腹泻率/％ |
| 1 | 50 | 空白组 | - | 727 | 1.53 | 2.100 | 23 |
| 2 | 50 | 苯甲酸钙 | 500 | 732 | 1.52 | 2.081 | 12 |
| 3 | 50 | 苯甲酸钙 | 1000 | 736 | 1.57 | 2.133 | 8 |
| 4 | 50 | 苯甲酸钙 | 2000 | 745 | 1.53 | 2.054 | 5 |
| 5 | 50 | 苯甲酸钙 | 4000 | 751 | 1.55 | 2.064 | 3 |
| 6 | 50 | 苯甲酸钙 | 8000 | 753 | 1.54 | 2.045 | 1 |
实施例4：不同剂量的苯甲酸钙在肉鸭饲料中的应用
500只樱桃谷1日龄小鸭按照表3分5组，100只/组，在同一基础日粮中，加入不同剂量的苯甲酸钙，自由采食及饮水、连续饲喂30天，统计试验鸭的生产性能。从试验结果看苯甲酸钙对试验鸭的腹泻率有很好的控制效果并能显著提高肉鸭生产性能(表3)。
表3 不同剂量的苯甲酸钙对肉鸭的促生长效果试验结果
| 组别 | 添加物 | 剂量(ppm) | 平均日增重/g | 平均料肉比/％ | 腹泻率/％ |
| 1 | 对照组 | 0 | 55.8 | 2.16 | 23 |
| 2 | 苯甲酸钙 | 1000 | 57.1 | 2.11 | 15 |
| 3 | 苯甲酸钙 | 2000 | 57.9 | 2.08 | 11 |
| 4 | 苯甲酸钙 | 4000 | 59.9 | 2.01 | 7 |
| 5 | 苯甲酸钙 | 8000 | 60.8 | 1.98 | 5 |
实施例5：苯甲酸钙在草鱼料中的应用效果
所用试验鱼为草鱼，由广州英赛特试验场水产场进行。健康活泼、规格一致的青鱼种在大网箱中饲养4周后才用于正式养殖试验，实验体系为浮性小网箱。小网箱与暂养网箱均置于试验场一个3500m2的池塘中，池塘水深～1.5m，池塘水为充分曝气底下水。试验时，将饥饿1d的草鱼160尾随机分成4组，每组设4个重复，每个重复放10尾鱼，整体称重后随机放入16个网箱中，分别饲喂不同的试验饲料。试验用饲料按表5配方自行配制，不同试验组按在基础料中分别加入不同的生长促进剂。试验采用人工限食投喂，投食量每周调整一次，两组投喂水平(按初始体重)完全一致，每天投喂两次(7:30及15:00)。试验为期8周。
苯甲酸钙对鱼的促生长试验结果见表4。结果显示添加苯甲酸钙的试验组在增重、饲料系数及存活率方面均优于对照组，具有明显的促生长效应。
表4 苯甲酸钙在草鱼料中的应用试验分组及结果
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化等均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
- 苯甲酸钙在制备动物饲料添加剂中的应用。
- 根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的动物饲料添加剂是动物生长促进剂。
- 根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的动物饲料添加剂是动物用抗腹泻剂。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的动物饲料添加剂在动物饲料中的添加剂量以苯甲酸钙计为500-10000ppm。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的动物是家禽、家畜或水产动物。
- 根据权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的家禽是各个生长阶段的鸡、火鸡、珍珠鸡、鸭、鹅、鸽或鹌鹑。
- 根据权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的家畜是各个生长阶段的猪、牛、羊、马、兔、狗、猫或驴。
- 根据权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的水产动物是各个生长阶段的鱼、虾或蟹。
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| GB2368258B (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2003-05-21 | Hordafor As | Process and material for the inhibition of gas formation in fish ensilage |
| US20030170342A1 (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-09-11 | Raczek Nico N. | Choline acids as feed additive in animal nutrition |
| US20050053700A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-10 | Hale Edward Carroll | Animal feed and methods for reducing ammonia and phosphorus levels in manure |
| CN102318758A (zh) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-01-18 | 天津北林新苑绿化工程有限公司 | 麻竖毛天牛幼虫人工饲料及其制备方法 |
| CN103349182A (zh) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-16 | 天津拓华生物科技有限责任公司 | 一种用于家茸天牛幼虫人工饲养的饲料及其应用 |
| CN104686814A (zh) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-06-10 | 广州英赛特生物技术有限公司 | 对甲基苯甲酸或其盐作为动物饲料添加剂的应用 |
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| CN105661046B (zh) | 2020-12-18 |
| CN105661046A (zh) | 2016-06-15 |
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