WO2017134678A1

WO2017134678A1 - A system for generating mechanical energy and method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2017134678A1
Application number: PCT/IN2017/000017
Authority: WO
Inventors: Narendra Prabhakar Bonde
Original assignee: Narendra Prabhakar Bonde
Priority date: 2016-02-01
Filing date: 2017-01-25
Publication date: 2017-08-10

Abstract

A system of generating mechanical energy and a method thereof, mostly attributed by gravitational force is provided. A driver assembly functions by means of an external energy source, providing an elliptical like motion to an endless loop of roller chain revolving in vertical directions. The loop of chain, having a substantial length and specific weight is counterbalanced on the centrally installed driver assembly while remaining connected in a motional relation with other rotatable assemblies located at a relatively lower position, thereby conserving its potential-kinetic energy levels while in a state of motion. The weight of the falling side of the chain within the revolving loop of chain exerts gravitational force on a driven assembly, thereby converting gravitational energy into mechanical energy, free from discharging flue gasses or residual pollutants. This mechanical energy can be harnessed to drive other devises like an AC generator, pumps, etc.

Description

TITLE

A system for generating mechanical energy and method thereof.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

All devices for generation of mechanical energy require considerable power input to maintain torque and rotation. The present invention pertains to the art of creating torque in a rotatable device to generate mechanical energy. More particularly, it pertains to the art of creating torque in a rotatable device which is mostly powered by gravitational forces, which can be harnessed for beneficial purposes, such as rotating the shaft of a lathe machine, pump's impeller or electrical generator, etc.

Particularly, the present invention contemplates a new and improved mechanism resulting into greater economical and environmental benefits, and which is simple in design, effective in use and overcomes the energy input difficulties in other existing known art to provide better and more overall advantages.

More particularly, the mechanical energy in the present invention relates to a device, and method, for converting gravitational force to usable energy with high efficiency, without violating the law of conservation of energy.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

All devices, tools, equipments, gadgets and machineries used by us in our day to day living have mechanical components, all of which function on the fundamental principle of "movement" (i.e. mechanical energy) to perform their respective tasks. The functioning of all aspects of our living, infrastructure and economic is totally based on energy availability. Especially considering-tha economic sustenance today- is synonymous to economic growth, the demand for energy can only increase with each passing day. But the rate at which we are depleting our energy reserves, there is an urgency need to find an alternate source of energy generation.

Fossil fuel is currently our main source of energy, but it is also associated with discharge of flue gasses, such as SOx, ΝΟχ and COx_, which has already reached dangerous levels. CO₂ from fossil fuel and biomass combustion are said to be the major contributors to global warming, the effects of which are being felt globally today. The agreement adopted in the Paris Agreement of the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference is aimed at controlling global warming.

Nuclear energy is a cheap option, but like fossil fuels, it's non-renewable and very hazardous in case of an accident, especially in cases of natural calamities which are more frequent. Even an industrially advanced but power reliant country like Japan chose to shut down their Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant permanently after it was damaged during the 2011 earthquake to prevent a major disaster. Besides, nuclear energy is not even an option open to all countries.

Some energy sources have been developed from renewable sources, such as solar, tidal, wind and biomass, but being too seasonal and location dependent, the existing renewable sources of energy are expensive and seriously lack in generation capacities to become a main stream source of power supply, like hydropower, gas or coal fired turbine, etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need for energy generation form renewable sources which is cheap, clean, renewable and sustainable and has the potential of becoming a main stream source of power generation.

PRIOR ART

Many clean, renewable and sustainable energy sources are being explored all over the world for conversion into mechanical energy. Gravitational energy is one such source, which is the subject matter of the present invention.

Many inventors have claimed having developed systems and methods to convert gravitational force into mechanical energy by using various designs, techniques and methods. However, hydro power is the only successful system and method till this day by which gravitational energy is being converted into mechanical energy, and that too because "nature" does the work of providing gravitational potential energy to the system by replenishing its intake reservoir with rain or snow fed water.

Despite an intensive and prolonged prior-art search, no prior art, even remotely relating to the disclosed specifications of the present invention, based on the system design, operating principles or method of converting gravitational forces into useful mechanical energy was found. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The principle objective of the present invention is to provide a system and a method of generating mechanical energy which is mostly generated by the gravitational forces on earth.

It is another objective of the present invention to provide a clean, green, renewable and sustainable source of mechanical energy.

It is a further objective of the present invention to provide a system and a method of generating mechanical energy which can function in any location, without any regards for geography or environmental concerns.

It is a yet further objective of the present invention to provide features characterized by absolute simplicity with minimal number of moving parts required to achieve the stated objects.

It is also another objective of the present invention to provide a system and a method that sets new standard in the output cost of generating mechanical energy.

It is the most important objective of the present invention to provide a new method and efficiency level of generating mechanical, without violating the law of

conservation of energy. STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a system to harnessing mechanical energy, mainly from the gravitational energy of earth, combined with an external energy source of a lesser proportion, wherein: a) The principle feature of the present invention is a system and a method thereof to generate mechanical energy from gravitational force on earth;

b) Another feature of the system of the present invention is to function like a main stream energy generating system, like a hydro power or gas/coal fired prime movers to generate mechanical energy;

c) Yet another feature of the_present inventjonjs the improved cost efficiency of the mechanical energy generated;

d) Yet one another feature of the present invention is the method of converting

gravitational energy into mechanical energy which is environmentally clean, renewable and sustainable;

e) Yet one more another feature of the present invention is its adaptability to

function in any location, irrespective of its climatic, geographical or environmental concerns;

f) One further feature of the present invention is the construction of the system and the components thereof which culminates into simplicity in functioning with minimum moving parts, leading to high reliability and very low operating and maintenance cost;

g) Still many other benefits and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which it pertains upon reading and understanding the detailed specification description herein. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, the system is assembled from simple standardized mechanical components such as axle, bearings, sprockets/wheels, roller chains/belts, motor, fly wheel, fasteners, racks, seals, and rigid structural -components such-as-frame-members-and-fasteners-is-provided.-Each-of-these- components has a defined function and together they perform a specific task of generating useful mechanical energy, mainly from gravitational energy of earth combined with an external energy source of lesser proportion.

To achieve the desired objects of the present invention, the inventive aspects of the "system" reside in the arrangement of the member assemblies and the components thereof can be summed up as follows:

1. A load bearing vertical structure of a substantial height, assembled from rigid beams, columns, supporting purlins and base plates for assembly with the foundation's anchor rods, complete with pre-punched holes, wire concealing sleeve passages, racks for electronic equipments and dampening pads provided;

2. The disclosed system consists of three freely rotatable Driver, Driven and an Idle assembly. These assemblies are installed on the upper structure of the frame in a triangular formation, within the "Driver" assembly is centrally installed on the vertically bisecting upper vertex of the triangular formation, flanked by the "Driven" and the "Idle" assemblies installed opposite each other on the ends of the lower triangular vertices;

3. The "Driver" assembly is a conglomeration of a independent, freely rotatable

assembly, consisting of a shaft member passing through the central hub of a single/plurality of sprocket(s), wherein one end of the central shaft is extended and pivotally coupled with an electrical motor (or any other type of external energy source) to providing motion to the system;

The "Driven" assembly is a conglomeration of an independent, freely rotatable assembly consisting of a shaft member passing through the central hub of a -single/plurality-of Lsprocket(s),-wberein one-end-otthe central-shaft-is-extended- and pivotally coupled with a flywheel and the load (exemplified as an AC generator). The extended central shaft of the "driven" assembly acts as an "outlet" source for mechanical energy generated by the disclosed system;

The "Idle" assembly is an independent, freely rotatable assembly consisting of a shaft member passing through the central hub of a single/plurality of sprocket(s). Given the triangular arrangement of the Driver, Driven and Idle assemblies, the Idle assembly enables in symmetrically counterbalancing the chain assembly's weight distributing on both sides of the "Driver" assembly;

The "chain" assembly consists of a single and/or multiple strands of roller chains matching the radiantly protruding tooth profile of the sprocket members forming the Driver, Driven and the Idle assemblies. Both ends of the roller chain(s) are connected together to form an endless loop. Masses of specific weights are attached to the roller chains at uniform intervals to complete the chain assembly; The endless loop of chain assembly is engaged in a meshed position with the sprocket(s) members of the Driver, Driven and the Idle assemblies to mutually establish a motion relation amongst them, wherein the top end of the chain assembly's loop connects the Driver, Driven and the Idle assemblies installed in a triangular formation and the lower loop of the chain assembly, extending between the Driven and Idle assemblies, is vertically suspends to a substantial length to predominantly form a parabola or a "U" like shape at the bottom end of the lower loop;

8. One and/or plurality of independent and freely rotatable assemblies consisting of a shaft member passing through the central hub of a single/plurality of

sprocket(s) are fixed at appropriate points on the frame that acts as "guides" for the-chain to-traveUalong its predetermined track, control the wavering motion of the moving chain and to maintain the weight distribution of the chain assembly in a manner that it remains counterbalanced on each side of the Driver assembly;

9. Most importantly, a speed governing system is provided to regulate current

supply to the motor and control its rotational speed, as required under varying operating conditions. This enables the motor to provide a cold/slow start to the system, synchronize the motor's rotational speed with the speed/velocity of the chain assembly under varying operative conditions, provide drooping effect under varying load conditions and enables the motor to perform with optimum efficiency under permissible load conditions.

Now, by exploiting the arrangement of the aforesaid member assemblies, further inventive aspects of the present invention reside in the "method" by which the Driver, Driven, Idle and the Speed Governing assemblies work independently, without disturbing or interfering into each other's functioning, but operating synergically together, they perform the task of generating clean, renewable and sustainable mechanical energy in the follows manner:

1. The electric motor provides motion to the Driver assembly by means of an

external energy source, in the direction towards the Driven assembly; The motion in the Driver assembly is communicated to the Driven and Idle assembly by the endless loop of chain assembly, which is mutually engaged in a motion relation with the Driver, Driven, and the Idle assemblies;

In a state of motion, the counterbalanced chain assembly conserves its potential and kinetic energy levels, wherein the kinetic energy gained from the falling side of the-endless -loop of chain assembly-compensates the energy-consumed-by he- rising side of the chain assembly. Therefore, irrespective of the weight of the chain assembly, to rotate the chain assembly from one side of the Driver assembly to another, the motor has to expend just sufficient energy to only overcoming the mechanical friction caused by the engagement between the roller chain and the sprockets, thereby drastically reducing the input energy

requirement and cost;

When the chain assembly rolls over the sprocket members of the Driven assembly, the gravitational force caused by the weight of the suspended chain assembly on the falling side is exerted on the radiantly protruding tooth of the sprocket member(s) of the Driven assembly, thereby forcing the driven assembly to rotate about its axis, in the direction of the chain's motion, generating torque and rotation (mechanical energy) in the central shaft of the Driven assembly; As the mechanical energy generated from the present invention is mainly attributed by gravitational energy, it is pollution free and very cost effective. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure No. 1 illustrates the preferred embodiment of the system (1 ) of the present invention, displaying an isometric view of the individual assemblies and their arrangement in relation with each other, consisting of a rotational "driver" assembly (2), a-rotational-d riven" assen^ly-(3)_^a-chain-assembly-(4),-an-idle"-rotatable assembly (5), a speed governing system (6), "chain guide" assembly (7a and 7b) and a vertically erected fixed frame member (8) of a load bearing vertical structure of substantial height, assembled from rigid beams, columns, supporting purlins and base plates for foundation anchoring is provided, complete with pre-punched holes, wire concealing sleeve passages, racks for electronic/electrical equipments and dampening pads provided, wherein:

a) The Driver (2), Driven (3) and the Idle (5) assemblies are installed on the upper plain of the frame member (8) in a triangular formation in which the driver assembly (2) is centrally installed on the perpendicularly bisecting upper vertex in the triangular formation, the driven (3) and idle (4) assemblies are installed opposite each other on the ends of lower vertices of the triangular formation, on the same horizontal plane;

b) An endless loop of chain assembly (4), consistin of roller chains joined by masses of specific and uniformly shaped weights, is connected to the driver (2), driven (3) and idle (5) assemblies to establish a motion relation amongst them.

c) Chain guide assemblies (7a and 7b) are fixed at appropriate places on the frame (8) to guide the chain along its predetermined path. Figure No. 2 illustrates the conglomeration of the "driver" assembly (2), displaying the arrangement and location of each component of the rotatable assembly, wherein: a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ), having the front end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of a sprocket's (23a) central bore by means of a keyseat-key-keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable -relation amongst-themselves;- b) A horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ), having the rear end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of another sprocket's (23b) central bore, having the same specification as the first sprocket (23a), by means of a keyseat-key- keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable relation amongst themselves;

c) The front end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ) further passes through a pillow blocks (22A) housing ball bearings having the same internal diameter as the shaft (21 );

d) The rear end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ) further passes through

another pillow blocks (22b) housing ball bearings, having the same internal diameter as the shaft (21 ), thereby allowing the shaft (21 ) to rotate freely; and e) The extreme front end arm of the horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ) is aligned and coupled with an electric motor (25) by means of a tyre coupling (24), thereby completing the assembly of the "driver" assembly(2).

Figure No. 3 illustrates the conglomeration of the "driven" assembly (3), displaying the arrangement and location of each component, wherein:

a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ), having the front end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of a sprocket's (33a) central bore by means of a keyseat-key-keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable relation amongst themselves;

b) A horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ), having the rear end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of another sprocket's (33b) central bore, having the same specification as the first sprocket (33a), by means of a keyseat-key- keyway-locking mechanism,-establishing^a mutua otatable relation amongst themselves;

c) The front end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ) further passes through a pillow blocks (32A) housing ball bearings having the same internal diameter as the shaft (31 );

d) The rear end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ) further passes through

another pillow blocks (32b) housing ball bearings, having the same internal diameter as the shaft (31 ), thereby allowing the shaft (31 ) to rotate freely; e) The extended rear end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ) further passes through the central hub of a flywheel (34), further from the pillow block (32b) towards the shaft end, and fixed on the shaft (31 ) by means of a keyseat- keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable relation amongst themselves; and

f) The extreme rear end arm of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ) is aligned with the rotatable shaft (361 ) of an AC generator (36) and coupled by means of a tyre coupling (35), thereby completing the assembly of the "driven" assembly (3).

Figure No. 4 illustrates the "top side" view of the components that forms the "chain assembly" (4), wherein: a) The chain assembly (4) consists of two endless loops of roller chains (4a and 4b), provided with external attachments (42) at regular intervals with prepunched holes, equally spaced from one another, for fixing of weights;

b) Specific weights (41) having similar shapes, sizes and density are fixed in the attachment of each chain, wherein the first and the second arm ends of each weight (41) is horizontally and parallely fixed on the attachment of the-first-(4a) and the second (4b) loop of chains respectively, by means of clamps (43) and fasteners.

Figure No. 5 illustrates the "bottom side" view of the components that form the "chain assembly" (4), wherein the weights (41 ) are tightly secured against the bottom face of the attachment (42) by threaded nuts (43) without altering the chain's natural character of functioning.

Figure No. 6 illustrates an isometric view of the "idle" assembly (5), displaying the arrangement of its components thereof, wherein:

a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ), having the front end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of a sprocket's (53a) central bore by means of a keyseat-key-keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable relation amongst themselves;

b) A horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ), having the rear end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of another sprocket's (53b) central bore, having the same specification as the first sprocket (53a), by means of a keyseat-key- keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable relation amongst themselves; c) The front end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ) further passes through a pillow blocks (52A) housing ball bearings having the same internal diameter as the shaft (31 ); and

d) The rear end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ) further passes through

another pillow blocks (52b) housing ball bearings, having the same internal diameter-as-the-shaft (5t),-thereby aUowing-the shaft--(-5-1-)-to-rotate freely,-

Figure No. 7 illustrates an isometric view of the "chain guide" assembly (7), displaying the arrangement of its components thereof, wherein:

a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (71), having the front end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of a sprocket's (73a) central bore by means of a keyseat-key-keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable relation amongst themselves;

b) A horizontal rotatable shaft (71),. having the rear end of its arm perpendicularly fixed in the hollow interior of another sprocket's (73b) central bore, having the same specification as the first sprocket (73a), by means of a keyseat-key- keyway locking mechanism, establishing a mutual rotatable relation amongst themselves;

c) The front end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (71 ) further passes through a pillow blocks (72A) housing ball bearings having the same internal diameter as the shaft (71 ); and

d) The rear end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (71 ) further passes through

another pillow blocks (72b) housing ball bearings, having the same internal diameter as the shaft (71), thereby allowing the shaft (71) to rotate freely; Figure No. 8 is a schematic representation that highlights the importance of arranging the location of the driver assembly (2) in context with counterbalancing the chain assembly (5) on both sides of the driver assembly (2). Besides, the schematic representation also provides a visual context to certain details forming a part of the specifications disclosed herein.

Figure No. 9 is a schematic representation that provides a visual context to how gravitational force caused by the weight of the falling side of the chain assembly acts on the driven assembly (3) to generate motion and torque. Besides, the schematic representation also provides a visual context to certain details forming a part of the specifications disclosed herein.

Figure No. 10 is a schematic drawing for reference, incorporating certain fixed parameters used for mathematically exemplifying the working aspects of the present invention, forming a part of the detailed specification disclosed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH RFERANCE TO

DRAWINGS

The invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. Obviously, modifications and alterations will occur to others upon reading and understanding of this detailed specification. It is intended to include all such modifications and alterations within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalence thereof.

The description of any component, such as loop of roller chain, sprocket, electric motor, AC generator or any device or material included in this specification is solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not to be considered as an admission of being limited to the scope of specific components, devices or materials described in the specification or it being a part of any prior art or being based on common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention.

Hence, the description of relevant components, devices or materials stated in the specification of this present invention shall include and/or deem to include all present and future components, devices, gadgets, apparatus, tools and materials having the ability, fitness or quality necessary to do or achieve the same working mechanism described in the specification of the present invention, and shall remain within the scope of the invention as claimed herein.

The present invention may take physical form in certain parts and specific arrangements of parts thereof to function as per the objective of the invention, the preferred embodiment of which is being described herein as per the accompanied drawing which forms a part of the specifications disclosed herein.

The inventive aspects of the system (1 ) of the present invention and its working reside in the sequential arrangement of each assembly within the system (1 ), without which the desired objectives cannot be achieved. Therefore, the sequential positioning of each assembly hereto is clearly described herein under for a better understanding of working mechanism described in the specification of the present invention, as follows:

1. Arrangements of assemblies:

a. As illustrated in Figure No. 1 and 10, the "driver" (2), "driven" (3) and the "idle" (5) assemblies are installed on the top end of the fixed vertical structural member (8) in a triangular formation, wherein the "driver" assembly (2) is centrally installed on the perpendicularly bisecting upper vertex point in the triangular formation and the "idle" (5) and "driven" (3) assemblies installed opposite each-other on the ends of the lower vertices, on the same horizontal plane;

b. As illustrated in Figure No. 1 and 10, the upper loop of the chain assembly (4) remains mutually meshed with the radiantly protruding tooth of the sprockets of the idle (5), driver (2) and the driven (3) assemblies , wherein the chain revolves in the direction from the relatively higher position of the driver assembly (2) towards the relatively lower position of the driven assembly (3), predominantly forming a hyperbola curve in the upper loop of the chain assembly (4); c. As illustrated in Figure No. 1 and 10, the lower loop of the chain assembly (4), below and between the driven (3) and idle (4) assemblies, is vertically suspended to a substantial length reaching the bottom plain of the frame member (8) to predominantly forming a "U" like shape at the bottom loop of the chain assembly (4); and

d. As illustrated in Figure No. 1 and 10, the "chai guide" assemblies (7a and 7b) are appropriately fixed on the bottom horizontal plain of the frame (8) to guide chain assembly (4) to move along its predetermined path, prevent the chains from wavering while in a state of motion and to maintain the posture of the chain assembly (4) such that the weight distribution of the chain assembly (4) is evenly counterbalanced on both sides of the "driver" assembly (2), as illustrated in Figure No. 8. Working of the system under No-load conditions:

Creating motion in the system:

The system (1 ) of the present invention begins to function by means of an external source of electrical energy provided to the system (1 ) through its speed governing system (6), wherein:

I. The speed governing system (6) starts functioning by first probing the tension in the chains assembly (4) while it is in a state of static equilibrium and preselects the reading as its default parameter;

I. The system gets its motion with the speed governing system (6) regulating controlled current supply to the motor (25) to provide a soft start from its position of rest, gradually increasing the acceleration to its predetermined speed; and III. The motion created by the motor (25) is mechanically communicated to the chain assembly (4) through the driver assembly's (2) sprockets (23a and 23b), causing the chain assembly (4) to move from its relatively higher position of engagement with the driver assembly (2) towards the "driven" assembly (3) located at a relatively lower position, hereinafter also referred to as the "falling side-of the chain assembly-(4).- his-causes-the-loop-of-chain-assembly-(4) o revolve in a broadly elliptical circle in a vertical direction, from the driver (2), driven (3), chain guide (7) and the idle assemblies, transmitting rotational motion to all the sprocket members connected to the chain assembly (4). . How mechanical energy is generated from gravitational force.

When the chain assembly (4) is in a state of continuous motion, the chains (4a and 4b) move over the sprockets (33a and 33b) fixed on the driven assembly (3) and tips over on the falling side of the endless loop of chain assembly (4) to remain vertically suspended upto a substantial length. The entire weight of the suspended /falling side of the chain assembly (B to D in Figure No. 10) exerts gravitational force on the radiantly protruding tooth of the driven sprocket (33a and 33b), thereby forcing the driven sprockets (33a and 33b) to rotate about its axis (31) in the direction of the chain assembly's (4) motion to generate torque and rotation (mechanical energy) in the central shaft (31 ) of the driven assembly (3) in the following manner:

I. Creating motion (RPM): Referring to Figure No. 1 and 10, as per the assembly arrangement configured within the system (1 ), each succeeding link in the moving loop of chain assembly (4) moves from driver assembly (2) over the "driven" assembly (3) and tips over the outer periphery of the "driven" (3) assembly's sprockets (33a and 33b) and remains suspended on its succeeding link till it covers the entire vertical distance (B to D in Figure No. 10) before winding upwards towards the rising side in the chain assembly (4). In the process, the entire weight of all the preceding links suspended on the falling side of the chain assembly (4) exerts gravitational force-on-the-radiaUprojections-of-the-driven-sprockets (33a-and^33b), thereby forcing the driven sprockets (33a and 33b) to rotate about its axis (31 ) in the direction of the chain assembly's (4) movement, wherein the rotational speed of the central driven shaft (31 ) is determined by the speed/velocity of the chain assembly (4) and the radius of the driven sprockets (33a and 33b), which can be calculated by applying the following formula:

Distance covered by the chain per minute

RPM—

Circumf erance of the Driven disk (2nr)

Creating torque: In the interaction between a chain and sprocket, tension in roller chain links are known to decrease very rapidly at the point where it enters into a meshed relation with the radial projections of the sprocket, and the tension is just as rapidly regained at the point it exits from its meshed position with the driven sprocket. Therefore, as illustrated in Figure No. 9, the link of the chain assembly (4) that just exits from their meshed position with the radial projection of the driven sprockets (33a and 33b) experiences maximum tension attributed by the entire cumulated weight of all the preceding links vertically suspended on the falling side of the chain assembly (4). This gravitational force is perpendicularly applied on the radial projections on the periphery of the driven sprockets (33a and 33b), thereby fully converting the gravitational force into torque in the central shaft (31 ) of the driven assembly (3), which can be calculated by the following formula:

Torque = Radius of sprocket(meters)X Force (newtons) X Sin Θ

Mechanical Energy: With both rotational speed and torque provided to the centraUshaft (31) of4he driven assembly (3), mechanical energy generated in the system (1 ) can be calculated by the following formula:

Torque (Nm X RPM

Power Kw) =

9554 Working of the system under load conditions:

Assumptions to explain the working of the system under load conditions:

For the purpose of explaining the working results of the present invention under load conditions with mathematical examples, certain fixed parameters are assumed to exemplify the working aspects of the present invention, as schematically illustrated in Figure No. 10:

a) The vertical length of the falling side of the chain assembly (4), extending from the chain's link (4) that last exits from its meshed position with the driven (3) assembly (illustrated in Figure No. 9) upto the last link of the vertically suspended chain assembly (4) is 6.53 meters;

b) The gravitational force exerted by the weight of the suspended chain assembly (4) of the falling side (extending from "B" to "O" in Figure No. 10) is 250 Kg;

c) The diameter of all the sprocket members attached to the Driver (2), Driven (3) and Idle (5) assemblies are 0.2 meters each; d) The horizontal width of the system, extending from the outer diameter of the Idle assembly (5) to the outer diameter of the Driven assembly (3) ("A" to "B" or "C" to "D" in Figure No. 10) is 0.425 meters;

e) The overall weight of the Chain assembly is 545 Kg;

f) In a state of motion, the velocity of the chain assembly is assumed as 6.53 meters/sec,-as exemplified in the-calculations to^follow in further-disclosure;- g) The coefficient of friction between the chain and sprocket at 0.2 μ; and h) The resistance provided by an AC generator (36) by way of return torque, EMF, etc. is typically 20% of the effort applied on the system (1 ) by means of gravitational force; and

Now, all further working results in the following sections will be based on the above assumptions. Working of the system:

When load is applied on the system (1 ), say by pivotally coupling an AC generator (36) with shaft (31 ) of the driven assembly (3), the AC generator (36) will typically exert a reverse and opposing resistive force (assumed as 20% of the mechanical energy applied) by way of return torque, EMF, etc. These opposing forces brings about a change in the rotational speed of the driven shaft (31), resulting into a "net" resultant speed in which both the opposing forces result into a change in operative parameters with respect to torque and rotational speed, as exemplified below:

I. Assuming mig represents the gravitational force of 250 Kg acting on the outer periphery of the driven sprockets (33a and 33b) and m₂g represents the 20% resistive force, equivalent to 50 Kg, acting against the gravitational force. The two opposing forces acting on the central driven shaft (31 ) result into a downwards shift in the operative parameters under different load conditions, in accordance with Newton's second law of motion, as follows:

Force

Force = mass X acceleration, OR Acceleration =

Mass

Force_Net

Or Acceleration

Mass_Total Or Acceleration

mass₁ + mass₂ (mt - m₂)g

Or Acceleration

(250 k§ - 50 k§) X 9.8

Or Acceleration

250 kff + 50 k§

1960

Or Acceleration

300

Or Acceleration 6.53 metre/sec² ... as assumed herein above.

The shift in the operative parameters is detected by the speed governing system (6) by probing the differential tension/speed of the chain assembly (4) from its preselected default reading and regulates current supply to the motor (25) such that the speed of the chain assembly (4) is synchronized with the speed of the chain assembly, i.e. 6.53 meters/sec², thereby optimizing the performance of the motor and saving input energy cost; Alternatively, the speed governing system (6) starts drooping by increasing the power supply to the motor such that the rotational speed of the chain assembly (4) is restored to its original default reading; and IV. As the chain assembly (4) is driven by means of a motor (25) at a constant speed and there is no change in the rate of distance covered by the chain assembly (4) with respect to time (per second), the "net" resultant speed (say, 6.53 meters/sec) of the chain assembly (4) will be referred to as the "net resultant velocity", hereinafter. . Quantum of Mechanical Energy generated:

With the synchronization of the motor's (25) rotational speed with the chain (4) assembly's "net resultant velocity", the driver (2), driven (3) and the chain (4) assemblies synergically function together to perform the task of generating clean mechanical energy in the following manner:

After deducting 50 Kg equivalent of resistive forces from 250 Kg of gravitational force, a "net" force of 200 Kg is applied perpendicularly on the outer periphery of the driven sprockets (33a and 33b), having a diameter of 0.2 meter (as assumed herein above), generating a "net" output of clean mechanical energy as follows: 1. Net torque: The "net" effective torque generated in the shaft (31 ) of the driven assembly (3) will be:

Torque = Radius of sprocket (meters) X Force (newtons) X Sin Θ Or, Torque = 0.1 meters X (200 kg X 9.8 Newton)X Sin (90°) Or, Torque = 0.1 meters X 1,690 Newton X 1 Or, Torque = 196 Nm (Newton metre);

2. RPM: The net revolutions (per minute) created in the shaft (361 ) of the AC generator (36) will be:

Distance covered by the chain per minute

RPM =

Circumferance of the Driven disk (2πτ) 6.53 meters/ sec X 60 seconds

Or -

2 X 3.14 X 0.1 meter

391.8 meters

r -^r = 624 RPM

0.628 meters

Output Energy (Mechanical Energy) generated by the present system (1 ) in Kw can be calculates as follows: Torque (Nm)X RPM

Power (Kw) =

9554

196 (Nm)X 624 RPM

Power (Kw) =

9554

122 304

Power (Kw) = ' = 12.8 Kw

Alternatively, the mechanical energy generated by the present system (1 ) in Kw terms can also be cross checked by applying the fundamental laws of physics by calculating the kinetic energy generated by the weight of the falling side of the chain assembly (4), as follows:

As a falling mass of 1 Kg over a distance of 1 meter/sec expends 9.8 Newton of kinetic energy (or 9.8 Joules or 9.8 Watts), the kinetic energy gained by a mass of 200 Kg falling 6.53 meters/sec will be: 200 Kg X 9.8 Watts X 6.53 meters = 12,798.8 Watts OR 12.8 Kw D. Input energy from external source:

1. How input energy is reduced in the present system (1): As illustrated in Figure No. 1 , 8 and 10, the input energy fed into the system (1 ) is from an external source which provides motion to the counterbalanced loop of chain

-assembly (4) through the-driver assembly (2). As-the^chain~-assembly (4) s equally counterbalanced on both sides of the driver sprockets (23a and 23b), both the potential and kinetic energy levels are conserved within the chain assembly (4), wherein to tip the balance of the rolling chain assembly (4) from one side of the "driver" assembly (2) to another, the motor (25) has to only expend sufficient energy to overcome mechanical friction of the system (1).

2. Input energy to overcome friction: The function of the motor (25) is to provide motion to the chain assembly (4) and the function of the rotating chain assembly (4) is to generate mechanical energy from gravitational forces. However, the motor (25) has to be provided to provide motion to the chain assembly (4) from its position of rest requires maximum energy, which determines the installed capacity of the motor (25). Therefore, based on the operating parameters assumed herein above, the installed capacity of the motor (25) can be determined as follows:

As illustrated in Figure No. 9, considering the entire weight of the chain assembly (4) assumed as 545 Kg and the coefficient of friction between the chain and sprocket being 0.2 μ, the externally sourced energy required to overcome mechanical friction between the Chain and Driver assembly (2) will be as follows:

Friction between the chain (4) and sprockets:

Referring to Figure No. 10, the kinetic energy gained from the falling side -of the chain- assembly-(4-)-between B ancLD-compensates-the potential- energy needed to raise the chain assembly (4) from C and A, wherein the frictional losses of the driven assembly (3) is a part of the opposing resistive force deducted from the gravitational force exerted by the falling side of the chain (as calculated earlier) and the frictional losses of the idle and chain guide assemblies (5 and 7) are negligible as they rotate freely without any load on them;

However, considering that the entire weight of the chain assembly (4), assumed to weigh 545 Kg, is counterbalanced on the driver assembly (2) which has to be driven by the motor (25), the friction between the chain (4) and driver (2) assemblies will be as follows:

Fiction force = frictional coefficient X weight of object

Fiction force = 0.2 μ X 545 kg = 109 Kg

As Force = mass X gravity

Fiction force = 109 kg X 9.8 Newton

Fiction force = 1,068.2 Newton/ joule /Watts Or 1.07 Kw.

Work done to move the chain assembly (4) horizontally:

However, referring to Figure No. 10, the falling side of the chain assembly (4) weighing 250 Kg has to also "horizontally" travel a distance of 6.53 meters/sec between D an C and the rising side of the chain assembly (4) weighing 250 Kg has to "horizontally" travel a distance of 6.53 meters/sec between D to C for which the motor has to expend energy. From a position of rest, the energy expended by the motor (25) to drive the chain assembly (4) till reaches its expected full speed will be as follows:

Work done— Force X distance

As Force = mass X gravity

Work done = [mass (kg) X 9.8 (Newton)X distance (mts/sec) Work done = (250 kg X 9.8 Newton)X 0.85 metre /sec Work done (Joules) = 2,450 Newton X 0.85 metre/sec

Work done = 2,082 Joules/second Or 2.08 Kw Net installed capacity of the motor:

As per the energy consumption of the system (1 ) for the assumed operative parameters stated above, the net installed capacity of the motor, will be as follows:

Hence, a motor rated at 3.7 Kw, working with an efficiency of 85% will meet the requirement for a system (1 ), for the operating parameters assumed herein above. When the chain assembly (4) reaches its full expected speed:

I. In its state of motion, the chain assembly (4) does not come into contact with any surface (except the sprockets) to create any friction. Hence, the motor (25) no longer needs to apply any force to move the chain assembly

-(4)-horizontally_^as-stated by-Mewton^s-firs law of motion-that states that a body in motion remains in a state of motion unless stopped or slowed down by a resistive force. However, minor looses caused by the change in direction of the chain assembly's movement and other negligible losses occurring in the ball bearings, air resistance, etc. are compensated by the inertia of the chain assembly's (4) motion.

I. When the motor reaches its full expected speed of 6.53 meters/sec (as assumed), the motor will have to expend just over 1.07 Kw energy, say

1.50 Kw to overcome mechanical friction to keep the system (1 ) running. e) Efficiency of the system of the present invention: a) The Efficiency of the system (1 ) of the present invention is 66.84%, as calculated below:

1. Net Input Energy:

I. Energy from external source 1.50 Kw; and

II Energy from gravity 12,798.8 Joules or 12.80 Kw;

NET INPUT ENERGY. 14.30 Kw

2. Net Output Energy 12.80 Kw; Operating efficiency of the system (1) in full expected speed:

Total output energy

Efficiency % =— rr-⁵- — X 100

Total input energy

12.80 Kw

Or,Efficiency%= _I^^X 100

Or,Efficiency% = 0.6684 X 100 = 89.51%

Claims

CLAIMS: I Claim:

1. A system for generating mechanical energy from the gravitational forces, as -shown-in-Eigure- o. 1 , having a-fixecUoad-bearing vertical structure-(8)-of-a substantial height, assembled from rigid beams, columns and supporting purlins with pre-punched holes, wire concealing sleeve passages, racks for electronic equipments and dampening pad, complete with base plates for assembly with the foundation's anchor rods is provided for installation of further elements of the system (1 ), comprising of:

a) A driver assembly (2), as illustrated in Figure No. 2;

b) A driven assembly (3), as illustrated in Figure No. 3;

c) An idle assembly (5), as illustrated in Figure No. 6;

d) A chain assembly (4), as illustrated in Figure No. 4 and 5;

e) A chain guide assembly (7), as illustrated in Figure No. 7; and

f) A speed governing system (6), as illustrated in Figure No. 1.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the driver assembly (2), as illustrated in Figure No. 2, is a conglomeration of a independent and freely rotational assembly pivotally coupled with an electrical motor for providing motion to the system (1) by means of an external energy source, wherein the "driver" assembly comprises of:

a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ); b) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ) perpendicularly passing through the central of a sprockets (23a) and fixed such that they mutually establishes a rotatable relation amongst themselves;

c) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ) perpendicularly passing through the central hub of another sprockets (23b) having the same-specifications of-the-first-sprocket-(23a),-and-fixed -such-that-they- mutually establishes a rotatable relation amongst themselves;

d) Both the sprockets hereto (23a and 23b) appropriately spaced and positioned to remain circumferentially aligned to mutually mesh with their corresponding chain strains (4a and 4b) of the chain assembly;

e) The profile of the axially protruding tooth on the periphery of each sprocket (23a and 23b) matching the pitch size, roller diameter and inner width of the roller chains (4a and 4b) used in the chain assembly (4);

f) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of a pillow block (22a) housing ball bearings of the same internal diameter as the shaft (21 ) and fixed in a direction away from the sprocket (23a) towards the shaft end; g) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (21 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of a pillow block (22b) housing ball bearings of the same internal diameter as the shaft (21 ) and fixed in a direction away from the sprocket (23b) towards the shaft end; h) Both the blocks (22a and 22b) being appropriately spaced apart such that they can be fixed on their designated locations on the frame (8); i) The front end of the central shaft (21 ) being pivotally coupled with an electrical motor (25) or any other external energy source that provides primary motion to the system (1 ); and

j) The mounting face of the motor (25) and the first and/or the second pillow blocks (22a and 22b) being fixed on their designated location on the frame (8-)-by-means-of asteners,-completing he-drlver^assen^ly (2).

3. A system as claimed in claim 1 to 2, wherein the "driven" assembly as illustrated in Figure No. 3, is a conglomeration of an independent, freely rotatable assembly, pivotally coupled with a load [exemplified as an AC generator (36)] as a means of providing an "outlet" for transfer of mechanical energy from the disclosed system (1 ), comprises of: a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (31 );

b) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31) perpendicularly passing through the central of a sprockets (33a) and fixed such that they mutually form a rotatable relation amongst themselves;

c) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31) perpendicularly passing through the central hub of another sprockets (33b), having the same specifications of the first sprocket (33a), in a direction away from the first sprocket (33a) and fixed such that they mutually establishes a rotatable relation amongst themselves;

d) Both the sprockets hereto (33a and 33b) appropriately spaced and positioned to remain circumferentially aligned to mutually mesh with their corresponding chain strains (4a and 4b) of the chain assembly (4); e) The profile of the axially protruding tooth on the periphery of each sprocket (33a and 33b) matching the pitch size, roller diameter and inner width of the roller chains (4a and 4b) used in the chain assembly (4);

f) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of a pillow block (22a) housing ball bearings .of-tbe-same-intemaUdiameter-as the shaft(3-t)-and-fixed4n a direction- away- from the sprocket (33a) towards the front shaft end;

g) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (31 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of another pillow block (32b) housing ball bearings of the same internal diameter as the shaft (31) and fixed in a direction away from the sprocket (33b) towards the rear shaft end; h) Both the blocks (32a and 32b) being appropriately spaced apart such that they can be fixed on their designated locations on the frame (8);

i) A flywheel (35) of an appropriate weight and diameter is perpendicularly fixed on the rotatable shaft (31), between the pillow block (33b) and the rear shaft end (31 ), to establish a rotatable relation amongst themselves;

j) The extreme rear end of the shaft (31) being pivotally coupled with a load [exemplified as an AC generator (36)];

k) The mounting face of the AC generator (36) and the first and/or the second pillow blocks (32a and 32b) being fixed on their designated locations on the frame (8) by means of fasteners, completing the "driven" assembly (3).

4. A system as claimed in claim 1 to 3, wherein the "idle" assembly (5) as illustrated in Figure No. 6, is an independent, freely rotatable assembly, symmetrically positioned at a distance and angle from the "driver" assembly (2) as the "driven" assembly, to maintain and counterbalance the weight of the chain assembly (4) on each side of the "driver" assembly (2). The idle (5) assembly consists of: a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (51 );

b) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ) perpendicularly passing-through-the-central of a sprockets-(53a)-and-fixed such that-they- mutually form a rotatable relation amongst themselves;

c) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ) perpendicularly passing through the central hub of another sprockets (53b), having the same specifications of the first sprocket (53a), in a direction away from the first sprocket (53a);

d) Both the sprockets hereto (53a and 53b) are appropriately spaced and positioned to remain circumferentially aligned to mutually mesh with their corresponding chain strains (4a and 4b) of the chain assembly (4);

e) The profile of the axially protruding tooth on the periphery of each sprocket (53a and 53b) match the pitch size, roller diameter and inner width of the roller chains (4a and 4b) used in the chain assembly (4);

f) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of a pillow block (52a) housing ball bearings of the same internal diameter as the shaft (51) and fixed in a direction away from the sprocket (53a) towards the front shaft end;

g) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (51 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of another pillow block (52b) housing ball bearings of the same internal diameter as the shaft (51 ) WO 2017/134678 ^¾"^J PCT/IN2017/000017 and fixed in a direction away from the sprocket (53b) towards the rear shaft end; and

h) Both the blocks (52a and 52b) being appropriately spaced apart such that they can be fixed on their designated locations on the frame (8) by means of fasteners, completing the "Idle" assembly (5) to rotate freely.

5. A system as claimed in claim 1 to 4, wherein the "chain" assembly illustrated in Figure No. 4 and 5 is a conglomeration of a single and/or multiple strands of roller chains (4a and 4b), having their ends connected to form an endless loop. Masses of specific weight (41) are attached to the roller chains (4a and 4b) at uniform intervals to complete the chain assembly(4), which comprises of:

a) A single (4a) and/or plurality of endless loop of roller chains (4a and 4b), having a pitch size, roller diameter and inner width matching the tooth profile of the sprocket components of the driver (2), driven (3), idle (5) and the chain guide (7) assemblies;

b) Each strand of roller chain (4a and 4b) having attachments (42) with prepunched holes press fitted with the pin link of the roller chains (4a and 4b) at uniform intervals and equally spaced from one another; and

c) Masses of specific weight (41 ) of a uniform shape, size and density are fixed on the attachments (42) by means of fasteners (43) in a manner that the weight of each mass (41 ) is evenly distributed throughout the endless loop of the roller chain;

d) Where plurality of chain strands are used, masses in the form of connecting rods (41) of specific weight, uniform in shape, size and density are fixed on the attachments (42), wherein the first and the second arm ends of the connecting rods (41 ) are attached to the first (4a) and the second loop (4b) of chain by means of clamps (43) and/or fasteners, such that the weight of the connecting rods (41 ) are evenly distributed in each link of the chain's loop (4a and 4b) to completing the Chain assembly (4).

6. A system as-claimed-in claim 1 to -5, wherei the "chain guide" assembly (7) as illustrated in Figure No. 7, is an independent, freely rotatable assembly, provided to guide the loop of the chain assembly (4) to move along its predetermined track and prevent wavering in a state of motion. Singular and/or multiple "chain guides" can be installed on the frame member (8) as required. The chain guide assembly (7) comprises of: a) A horizontal rotatable shaft (71 );

b) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (71 ) perpendicularly passing through the central of a sprockets (73a) and fixed to mutually form a rotatable relation amongst themselves;

c) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (571 ) perpendicularly passing through the central hub of another sprockets (73b) in a direction away from the first sprocket (73a), having the same specifications of the first sprocket (73a) and fixed to mutually form a rotatable relation with the shaft (71 );

d) Both the sprockets (73a and 73b) appropriately spaced and positioned to remain circumferentially aligned to mutually mesh with the corresponding chain strains (4a and 4b) of the chain assembly (4); e) The profile of the axially protruding tooth on the periphery of each sprocket (73a and 73b) matching the pitch size, roller diameter and inner width of the roller chains (4a and 4b) of the chain assembly (4); f) The front arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (71 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of a pillow block (72a) housing-ball-bearings-of-the-sameJnternal diameter-as he-shaft (7-1) and fixed in a direction away from the sprocket (73a) towards the front shaft end;

g) The back arm end of the horizontal rotatable shaft (71 ) further perpendicularly passing through the central hub of a second pillow block (72b) housing ball bearings of the same internal diameter as the shaft (71 ) and fixed in a direction away from the sprocket (73b) towards the rear shaft end;

h) Both the blocks (72a and 72b) being appropriately spaced apart to be fixed on their designated locations on the frame (8) by means of fasteners, completing the "guide" assembly (5) to rotate freely.

7. A system as claimed in claim 1 to 6, wherein the speed governing system (6) consists of :

a) Electrical instruments and installations to receive energy from an external source and regulate the power supply to the motor and/or driver assembly (2) as desired;

b) Speed sensing sensor,

c) Chain tension probing sensor; d) Electronic microcontrollers for drooping; and

e) Miscellaneous electrical components and instruments consisting switches, displays, etc.

8. A system as claimed in claim 1 to 7, wherein the location and arrangement of the-drivet(2),-driven (3) and the-idle-(5) assemblies, as-illustrated iruFigure No. 1 , are specifically installed in their designated locations on the upper plain of the frame structure (8), in a triangular formation, wherein:

a) The central shaft (21 ) of the driver assembly (2) is centrally installed on the perpendicularly bisecting upper vertex in the triangular formation; and b) The central shaft (31 ) driven assembly (3) and the central shaft (41 ) of the idle (4) assemblies are installed opposite each other on the ends of lower vertices of the triangular formation, on the same horizontal plane.

9. A system as claimed in claim 1 to 8, wherein the chain assembly as shown in Figure No. 1 , 4 and 5, is assembled with the driver (2), driven (3) and the idle (5) assemblies, wherein:

a) The roller chain(s) (41 ) of the chain assembly (4) is meshed with the axially protruding tooth on the periphery of the sproeket(s) of the driver (2), driven (3) and the idle (5) assemblies, mutually establishing a motion relation amongst themselves;

b) The lower loop of the chain assembly (4), extending between the driven (3) and the idle (5) assemblies, remains vertically suspend to a substantial length, ending near the horizontal bottom plain of the frame (8), with its bottom loop curving upwards to predominantly form a "U" shaped curvature; and

c) The chain assembly (4) rotates in the direction from the driver assembly (2) towards the driven assembly (3), in a vertically elliptical motion;

10. A system as-daimed i claim 1 to 9, wherein the~"method— for— converting ~ gravitational energy into mechanical energy, with a small proportion of external energy source, comprising of the following steps:

a) The driver assembly (2) provides motion to a counterbalanced loop of chain assembly (4) by means of an electrical motor (25), or any other external source of energy;

b) In a state of motion, the loop of chain assembly (4) conserves its potential and kinetic energy levels, thereby leaving the motor (25) to only expend just sufficient energy to overcome mechanical friction to keep the chain assembly (4) in motion;

c) The velocity of the chain assembly (4) communicates motion (RPM) into the central shaft (31 ) of the driven assembly (3);

d) In a state of motion, the gravitational force exerted on the axially protruding tooth of the sprockets (33a and 33b) of the driven assembly (3) by the suspended weight of the falling side of the chain assembly (4) is converted to torque in the central shaft (31) of the driven assembly (3); and

e) The gravitational force exerted by the falling side of the chain assembly (4) is equivalent to the overall weight of the falling side of the chain assembly (4), extending from the chain's (41a and 41b) link that last exits from its meshed position with the driven sprockets (33a and 33b) to the bottom-most link on the falling side of the chain assembly (4).