WO2017133486A1 - 气动式真空压榨装置 - Google Patents

气动式真空压榨装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017133486A1
WO2017133486A1 PCT/CN2017/071835 CN2017071835W WO2017133486A1 WO 2017133486 A1 WO2017133486 A1 WO 2017133486A1 CN 2017071835 W CN2017071835 W CN 2017071835W WO 2017133486 A1 WO2017133486 A1 WO 2017133486A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
chamber
electric
juice
press
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/071835
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王晓东
Original Assignee
王晓东
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 王晓东 filed Critical 王晓东
Publication of WO2017133486A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017133486A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/32—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
    • B30B1/38—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure wherein the plungers are operated by pressure of a gas, e.g. steam, air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/26—Programme control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/047—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
    • B30B9/067—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers with a retractable abutment member closing one end of the press chamber

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of juice extraction and juice extraction, in particular to a pneumatic vacuum pressing device.
  • the common pressing equipment includes a pressing type, a pressing type, etc., and the pressing type is to install a protrusion with a mesh on the upper end of the cylinder, and press the juicy fruit such as orange and orange directly on the protrusion or embedded in the upper cover.
  • the pressing type is to install a fixing handle on the cylinder body, and the pressing handle is hinged on the side of the cylinder body, and the bottom surface of the pressing handle is installed and
  • the upper cover of the upper end of the cylinder is fitted with a protrusion with a mesh hole.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art by providing a pneumatic vacuum press apparatus which utilizes gas pressure to complete the pressing action, press and juice are maintained in a vacuum state, and to avoid oxidation of the juice being squeezed by the oxygen during the pressing process.
  • a pneumatic vacuum press device comprising: a press cylinder, a juice receiving portion, a piston, a strainer, a bracket and an electric air source module, wherein a piston is slidably mounted in the press cylinder, and an outer edge of the piston and an inner edge of the press cylinder Tightly fitting, the piston divides the press cylinder into a positive pressure air chamber and a press chamber, and the press chamber communicates with the juice receiving portion to form a closed cavity which is interpenetrated in the press chamber, the juice portion or the press chamber.
  • a filter screen is disposed between the juice receiving portions, and the electric air source module is configured to pump the sealed cavity to a negative pressure directly or through an air suction pipe, and the pressure of the piston between the positive pressure air chamber and the closed cavity Poorly moving to reduce the volume of the press chamber and pressing the material to be pressed in the press chamber, the positive pressure chamber is an enclosed space And connecting the outlet pipe of the electric air source module or the positive pressure air chamber to an open environment and connecting to an atmospheric environment;
  • the electric air source module is disposed on the bracket above the press cylinder or in the bracket, on the bracket below the juice receiving portion or in the bracket, and disposed on the bracket on the side of the pressing cylinder and the juice receiving portion. Or in the bracket, disposed in the positive pressure air chamber or disposed in the sealed chamber.
  • a cylinder head is fastened on the press cylinder, and the cylinder head, the piston and the inner edge of the press cylinder therebetween constitute a positive pressure air chamber;
  • the press cylinder is integrally formed into a sealing structure, and the sealing structure, the piston and the inner edge of the press cylinder therebetween constitute a positive pressure air chamber;
  • the positive pressure gas chamber in the press cylinder is made into an open structure that communicates with the atmosphere.
  • the electric air source module is constituted by at least one electric vacuum pump or by at least one electric vacuum pump and at least one electric air pump.
  • the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the airtight chamber directly or through an air suction pipe, and the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the positive pressure air chamber or the atmospheric environment directly or through an air outlet pipe;
  • the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the airtight chamber directly or through an air suction pipe
  • the air outlet of the electric air pump communicates with the positive pressure air chamber directly or through an air outlet pipe.
  • the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump and the air outlet of the electric air pump are connected to the atmosphere or the two are connected to each other.
  • a valve for deriving a gas is mounted on the cylinder at the positive pressure chamber, on the cylinder head at the positive pressure chamber or on the outlet line communicating with the electric air source module;
  • a valve for introducing a gas is mounted on the press cylinder at the press chamber, on the juice receiving portion, or on the suction line in which the sealed chamber communicates with the electric air source module;
  • the valve is a manual valve or an electronically controlled valve.
  • an automatic control device for controlling the operation of the electric air source module is further included, and the automatic control device includes any one, any two or all of the time control module, the air pressure control module or the load current detection control module:
  • the time control module controls the operation of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump in a timed manner
  • the air pressure detecting portion of the air pressure control module is configured to detect a change in air pressure in the positive pressure air chamber and/or the closed chamber, and the air pressure detecting portion in the air pressure control module is a pressure sensor or a pneumatic switch;
  • the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch When used to detect the air pressure in the closed cavity, the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch is installed in the air suction pipe communicating with the electric vacuum pump, the press chamber at the closed cavity, the juice receiving portion at the closed cavity or the closed cavity Where the body is connected;
  • the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch When used to detect the air pressure in the positive pressure air chamber, the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch is installed in an air outlet pipe communicating with the electric air pump, a press cylinder at the positive pressure air chamber, a cylinder head at the positive pressure air chamber or with the positive pressure gas Where the room is connected;
  • the air pressure sensor transmits the air pressure data change as an electrical signal to the control part of the air pressure control module, and the control part controls the operation of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump;
  • the air pressure switch is mechanical or electronic, and the air pressure change causes the air pressure switch to be turned on or off to control the operation of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump; or
  • the detecting portion in the load current detecting control module is for detecting a load current change of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump, and the changed signal is transmitted to a control portion in the load current detecting control module, thereby controlling the electric vacuum pump and/or The work of the electric air pump.
  • the lower end of the press cylinder is provided with a juice receiving portion
  • the filter screen is fixed or detachably disposed at the lower end of the press chamber of the press cylinder
  • the electric air source module is composed only of an electric vacuum pump, and the electric vacuum pump is installed above the press cylinder.
  • suction port of the electric vacuum pump The relationship between the suction port of the electric vacuum pump and the closed cavity is selected from any one of (1) or (2):
  • suction port of the electric vacuum pump is connected to the closed cavity directly or through an air suction pipe, and the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump is connected to the closed positive pressure air chamber directly or through an air outlet pipe;
  • the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the airtight chamber directly or through an air suction pipe, and the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the atmospheric environment directly or through an air outlet pipe, and the positive pressure air chamber communicates with the atmospheric environment.
  • a bypass pumping line is connected in parallel with the pumping line of the electric vacuum pump, and an electric control valve is connected in series with the pumping line of the electric vacuum pump and the bypass pumping line;
  • the electric air source module is composed of at least one electric vacuum pump and at least one electric air pump, and the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump are disposed in a bracket above the pressing cylinder, a bracket below the juice receiving portion, a press cylinder, and The suction port of the electric vacuum pump is connected to the closed cavity directly or through an air suction pipe, and the air outlet of the electric air pump is directly or through the air outlet pipe.
  • the relationship between the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion is selected from any one of (1), (2) or (3):
  • the juice opening is upwardly facing, the upper end of the opening is provided with the press cylinder, and the filter screen is fixed or detachably disposed at a lower end of the press chamber of the press cylinder;
  • the juice receiving portion and the pressing cylinder are disposed transversely as a whole, and the piston is vertically disposed in the press cylinder, and the filter screen is vertically fixed or detachably disposed in the sealed chamber formed by the press chamber and the juice receiving portion of the press cylinder;
  • the press cylinder is inclined, the angle between the movement trajectory of the piston in the press cylinder and the horizontal plane is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the screen is fixed or detachably disposed at the press cylinder in a tilted, vertical or horizontal position.
  • the press chamber and the juice receiving portion form a closed cavity.
  • a juice tube is disposed on the bottom or side wall of the juice receiving portion, and the end of the juice tube is sealingly connected with the upper end opening of a juice tank or a faucet is disposed at the end of the juice tube;
  • a juice tube is arranged on the bottom or side wall of the juice receiving portion, and the end of the juice tube is sealingly connected with the upper end opening of the juice tank, and the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump is sealingly connected to the juice tank directly or through an air suction line.
  • a juice tube is disposed on the bottom or side wall of the juice receiving portion, and the end of the juice tube is sealingly connected with the upper end opening of a juice tank or a faucet is disposed at the end of the juice tube;
  • a juice tube is arranged on the bottom or side wall of the juice receiving portion, and the end of the juice tube is sealingly connected with the upper end opening of the juice tank, and the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump is sealingly connected to the juice tank directly or through an air suction line.
  • the gas pressure in the closed chamber is less than 10 kPa and greater than 0 kPa.
  • the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion may be vertically mounted, or may be a laterally mounted structure, or may be a slant-mounted structure, and the filter screen may be fixedly or detachably installed in the press chamber or the juice portion or
  • the piston is driven by an electric air source module, which may be a separate electric vacuum pump, or a combination of an electric vacuum pump and an electric air pump, which can be used under the piston by the press chamber and
  • the closed cavity formed by the juice receiving portion is evacuated, and the pressure difference between the positive pressure air chamber and the closed cavity in the negative pressure state is used to push the piston to complete the pressing of the pressed object, and the electric air source module and the automatic control device are mutually Cooperate to achieve automatic control of pumping, pumping and pressing, while fruits, vegetables and other foodstuffs are kept in a vacuum environment during the pressing process and when the juice (including oil) enters the juice or juice tank.
  • problems such as discoloration and deterioration of juice due to oxidation.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the electric vacuum pump suction line and the bypass suction line installation valve of Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the electric vacuum pump suction line of Figure 1 and the bypass suction line connected through a three-way valve;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a pneumatic vacuum press device as shown in Figures 1-8, the innovation of the present invention includes: a press cylinder 9, a juice receiving portion 17, a piston 10, a strainer 12, and an electric air source module, which can be slidably mounted in the press cylinder.
  • a piston having an outer edge that closely fits the inner edge of the press cylinder and forms a sealing slide, the piston dividing the press cylinder into a positive pressure gas chamber 8 and a press chamber 30, the press chamber being in communication with the juice receiving portion Forming a mutually closed closed cavity 31, a filter screen is arranged in the press chamber, in the juice receiving portion or between the press chamber and the juice receiving portion, and the electric air source module is used to directly or through the suction line 7 to close the closed chamber
  • the body pumping is a negative pressure (less than a standard atmospheric pressure, which may also be referred to as a vacuum or vacuum state), and the piston moves in the direction of reducing the volume of the press chamber under the pressure difference between the positive pressure chamber and the closed chamber ( Moving substantially in the direction of the screen) and pressing the material to be pressed 11 located in the press chamber, the positive pressure air chamber is an enclosed space and communicates with the outlet line of the electric air source module or the positive pressure air chamber is open and connected Atmospheric Environment;
  • the electric air source module is disposed above the press cylinder (in the bracket at the upper portion or on the bracket), disposed under the juice receiving portion (in the bracket at the lower portion or on the bracket), and disposed at the press
  • the cylinder and the side of the juice receiving portion (in the bracket at the side or on the bracket) are disposed in the positive pressure air chamber or in the sealed chamber.
  • the positive pressure is a state greater than or equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure
  • the negative pressure is a state less than the ambient atmospheric pressure.
  • vacuum science the meaning of vacuum is the state of the gas below a barometric pressure in a given space, that is, the state of negative pressure.
  • the positive pressure air chamber has a structure in which a cylinder head 18 is fastened on the press cylinder, and the cylinder head, the piston and the inner edge of the press cylinder together form a positive pressure air chamber; or the press
  • the cylinder is integrally formed into a sealing structure, and the sealing structure, the piston and the inner edge of the pressing cylinder together constitute a positive pressure air chamber; or the bracket located near the pressing cylinder and the end of the side of the pressing cylinder are sealingly connected, ie The side surface of the bracket, the piston, and the inner edge of the press cylinder therebetween form a positive pressure plenum.
  • Another configuration of the positive pressure plenum is that the positive pressure plenum in the press cylinder is constructed to open the atmosphere to the atmosphere 29.
  • the electric air source module is composed only of the electric vacuum pump 2 or consists of at least one electric vacuum pump 2 and at least one electric air pump 20 .
  • the air suction port 3 of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the airtight chamber directly or through the air exhausting pipe 7, and the air outlet 4 of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the positive pressure air chamber directly or through the air outlet line 5 or Atmospheric Environment;
  • the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the airtight chamber directly or through an air suction pipe
  • the air outlet of the electric air pump communicates with the positive pressure air chamber directly or through an air outlet pipe.
  • the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump and the air outlet of the electric air pump are connected to the atmosphere or the two are connected to each other.
  • the end portion 16 of the air suction pipe draws a vacuum (negative pressure) into the sealed cavity, and the end portion 6 of the air outlet pipe inflates the positive pressure air chamber to be larger than the atmospheric environment.
  • the air pressure so both need to return to the normal air pressure after the press is completed, thereby adopting the structure: the press tank at the positive pressure air chamber, the cylinder head at the positive pressure air chamber or the positive pressure air chamber a valve 32 for exhausting gas is installed on the air outlet pipe connected to the electric air source module; a pumping cylinder at the press chamber, the juice receiving portion or the pumping chamber is connected to the electric air source module A valve 33 for introducing a gas is installed in the gas line; the valve is a manual valve or an electronically controlled valve.
  • the electric control valve refers to a valve that is driven to open/close by electricity, including but not limited to an electric valve, a solenoid valve or an electrostrictive valve.
  • an automatic control device for controlling the operation of the electric air source module is also included, and the automatic control device can be installed in a dedicated bracket or used to install the press cylinder and
  • the upper, lower or side of the bracket of the juice receiving portion includes any one, any two or all of the time control module, the air pressure control module or the load current detection control module:
  • the time control module controls the operation of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump in a timed manner, specifically: the time control module may be a time relay, a CPU-based control circuit or other integrated circuit with a timing function, etc.
  • the timing is worked for a certain period of time (the time required for the positive pressure air chamber and the closed chamber to reach the preset air pressure value is determined by the test in advance), that is, the closed chamber can be regarded as a closed chamber.
  • the body has been evacuated, the positive pressure chamber has been pressurized, and after the timing is completed, the time control module controls the closing of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump; or
  • the air pressure control module of the present invention may be composed of a pneumatic pressure detecting portion (pressure sensor or air pressure switch) and a control portion, an execution portion (electric electric vacuum pump and/or an electric air pump), and the control portion may be a CPU-based control.
  • the circuit can also be an application specific integrated circuit (or a dedicated chip).
  • the air pressure detecting portion of the air pressure control module is used for detecting the air pressure change in the positive pressure air chamber and/or the closed chamber, and the air pressure detecting portion in the air pressure control module is the air pressure sensor 19 or the air pressure switch 19;
  • the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch When used to detect the air pressure in the closed cavity, the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch is installed in the air suction pipe communicating with the electric vacuum pump, the press chamber at the closed cavity, the juice receiving portion at the closed cavity or the closed cavity Where the body is connected;
  • the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch When used to detect the air pressure in the positive pressure air chamber, the air pressure sensor or the air pressure switch is installed in an air outlet pipe communicating with the electric air pump, a press cylinder at the positive pressure air chamber, a cylinder head at the positive pressure air chamber or with the positive pressure gas Where the room is connected;
  • the air pressure sensor transmits the air pressure data change as an electrical signal to the control part of the air pressure control module, and the control part controls the operation of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump;
  • the air pressure switch is mechanical or electronic, and the air pressure change causes the air pressure switch to be turned on or off to control the operation of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump; or
  • the detecting portion in the load current detecting control module is for detecting a load current change of the electric vacuum pump and/or the electric air pump, and the changed signal is transmitted to a control portion in the load current detecting control module, thereby controlling the electric vacuum pump and/or The work of the electric air pump.
  • the load current detection control module of the present invention may be a component composed of an independent "hardware" or a load current detection and control function attached to the automatic control device itself.
  • the electric vacuum pump is installed in the bracket above the pressing cylinder, in the bracket below the juice receiving portion, in the bracket of the pressing cylinder and the side of the juice receiving portion, in the positive pressure air chamber. Or a closed cavity.
  • the lower end of the press cylinder is provided with a juice receiving portion, and the press chamber and the juice receiving portion of the press cylinder form a closed cavity, and the filter screen is fixedly or detachably disposed at the lower end of the press chamber of the press cylinder,
  • the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump is connected to the closed cavity directly or through an air suction pipe, and the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump is connected to the closed positive pressure air chamber directly or through an air outlet pipe;
  • the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the airtight environment directly or through an air exhausting pipe, and the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the atmospheric environment directly or through an air outlet pipe, and the positive pressure air chamber communicates with the atmospheric environment.
  • the air pressure of the air pressure chamber is paralleled with a bypass air suction line 27 on the air suction line of the electric vacuum pump, and an electric control valve 25 and 26 are respectively connected in series with the air suction line of the electric vacuum pump and the bypass air suction line; the following structure may also be adopted
  • the exhaust line of the electric vacuum pump is connected in parallel with a bypass exhaust line through a three-way valve 28.
  • the electric air source module is composed of at least one electric vacuum pump and at least one electric air pump
  • the electric vacuum pump and The electric air pump is disposed in the bracket above the pressing cylinder, in the bracket below the juice receiving portion, in the bracket on the side of the pressing cylinder and the juice receiving portion, in the positive pressure air chamber or in the sealed chamber.
  • the press chamber in the press cylinder communicates with the juice receiving portion to form a closed cavity
  • the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the closed cavity directly or through an air suction pipe, and the air outlet of the electric air pump directly or through the air outlet pipe Connecting the positive pressure air chamber;
  • the relationship between the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion is selected from any one of (1), (2) or (3):
  • the juice opening is upwardly facing, the upper end of the opening is provided with the press cylinder, and the filter screen is fixed or detachably disposed at a lower end of the press chamber of the press cylinder;
  • the juice receiving portion and the pressing cylinder are disposed transversely as a whole, and the piston is vertically disposed in the press cylinder, and the filter screen is vertically fixed or detachably disposed in the sealed chamber formed by the press chamber and the juice receiving portion of the press cylinder;
  • the press cylinder is inclined, the angle between the movement trajectory of the piston in the press cylinder and the horizontal plane is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the screen is fixed or detachably disposed at the press cylinder in a tilted, vertical or horizontal position.
  • the press chamber and the juice receiving portion form a closed cavity.
  • a juice tube 21 may be disposed on the bottom or side wall of the juice receiving portion in the above various structures, and the end of the juice tube is sealingly connected with the upper end opening 22 of the juice tank 23 (or the juice is discharged). a faucet at the end of the tube);
  • a juice tube is arranged on the bottom or the side wall of the juice receiving portion, and the end of the juice tube is sealingly connected with the upper end opening of the juice tank, and the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump is sealedly connected to the opening 24 of the juice tank directly or through the air suction line.
  • the gas pressure in the closed chamber is preferably less than 10 kPa and greater than 0 kPa (0 kPa is “absolute vacuum” when the piston is pressed. ", is the theoretical vacuum limit, and any vacuum pump on the earth can not reach 0 kPa).
  • Embodiments 1 to 6 Various structures will be described below by using Embodiments 1 to 6:
  • the electric air source module is an electric vacuum pump 2
  • the electric vacuum pump is installed in the bracket 1 above the press cylinder 9
  • the upper end of the press cylinder is sealedly connected with the bottom of the bracket, and the lower end of the press cylinder is sealed and installed.
  • the juice receiving portion 17 and the press chamber 30 and the juice receiving portion in the press cylinder constitute a sealed cavity 31.
  • the screen 12 is detachably placed or mounted on the opening 14 between the bends 15 which converge inwardly at the lower end of the press cylinder, and the suction port 3 of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the juice portion through the end 16 of the suction line 7, the electric vacuum pump
  • the air outlet 4 is connected to an air outlet pipe 5, and the lower end 6 of the air outlet pipe penetrates into the press cylinder from the bottom of the bracket and communicates with the positive pressure gas of the press cylinder above the piston.
  • the chamber 8 has a flat structure on which a plurality of filter holes 13 for the passage of juice are formed.
  • a bypass pumping line 27 the bypass pumping line is in communication with the atmosphere, and an electric control valve 26 is connected in series with the bypass pumping line, and an electric control valve 25 is connected in series on the pumping line, and the two electric control valves can be automatically
  • the control device drives the electric vacuum pump to suck in the air in the airtight environment, and then inhale the air in the atmosphere, and then enter the positive pressure air chamber to enable the positive pressure air chamber to obtain a sufficient amount of air.
  • the working process is:
  • the electric vacuum pump vacuums the closed cavity, after reaching a certain time, close the electric control valve 25, open the electric control valve 26, continue to make the electric The vacuum pump works.
  • the electric control valve 25 is closed, the electric vacuum pump draws air in the atmospheric environment.
  • the air is driven into the positive pressure air chamber by the electric vacuum pump through the air outlet pipe, increasing the pressure of the positive pressure air chamber, and the piston is subjected to more pressure.
  • the large pressure presses the material to be pressed in the press chamber to extract more juice.
  • a structure as shown in FIG. 7 may be employed: a bypass line 7 is connected in parallel through a three-way valve 28 to the suction line 7 of the suction port 3 of the electric vacuum pump, and the bypass suction line is connected to the atmosphere.
  • the three-way valve can be driven by an automatic control device, so that the electric vacuum pump can suck in the air in the atmosphere after extracting the air in the sealed chamber, and then enter the positive pressure air chamber, so that the positive pressure air chamber can obtain a sufficient amount of air. Its working process is:
  • the three-way valve When the electric vacuum pump is started, the three-way valve is first connected to the suction line 7, and the bypass suction line 27 is closed.
  • the electric vacuum pump vacuums the closed chamber.
  • the suction line 7 After reaching a certain time, the suction line 7 is closed and connected. Bypassing the suction line 27, the electric vacuum pump is continuously operated.
  • the suction line 7 since the suction line 7 is closed, the electric vacuum pump draws air in the atmospheric environment, and the air continues to be driven into the positive pressure air chamber by the electric vacuum pump through the outlet line 5.
  • Increase the pressure of the positive pressure chamber so that the piston is subjected to more pressure to press the material to be pressed in the press chamber to extract more juice.
  • the bracket can function to close the upper end of the press cylinder, and the two can be connected in a sealable manner by a common screw connection or the like.
  • the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion can also be connected in a sealed manner by a common screw connection or a socket connection (that is, inserting the lower end of the press chamber into the port portion on the juice receiving portion and providing a sealing ring at the socket).
  • the closed cavity below the piston maintains a vacuum state
  • the positive pressure air chamber above the piston maintains a large air pressure
  • the upper and lower pressure differences push the piston downward, so that the piston squeezes the object to be pressed 11 toward the filter screen. Pressing, the juice is squeezed through the filter 13 into the juice portion.
  • the activation or shutdown of the electric vacuum pump is completed by the time control module in a timed manner, and the entire process is automatically completed.
  • the electric air source module is an electric vacuum pump 2 and an electric air pump 20, and the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump are installed in the bracket 1 below the juice receiving portion, and the lower end of the juice connecting portion is embedded. It is installed on the upper end of the bracket in the conventional manner such as loading or clamping.
  • the upper end of the juice receiving portion is sealed and installed with the pressing cylinder.
  • the filter screen is fixedly installed at the lower end opening of the pressing cylinder by means of screw connection, and the suction port 3 of the electric vacuum pump passes through the suction line 7
  • the juice receiving portion is connected, and the air outlet 4 of the electric air pump is connected to the positive pressure air chamber 8 through the air outlet line 5.
  • the bracket is large and serves as a support.
  • a cylinder head 18 for sealing is fastened at the upper end of the press cylinder, and the press cylinder and the juice connecting portion are connected in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
  • the air pressure control module (the air pressure detecting part is the air pressure sensor 19) realizes the automatic control of the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump, and the air pressure sensor, the air pressure sensor and the air pressure control module can be installed on the air outlet of the electric vacuum pump and the air outlet of the electric air pump.
  • the control part in the electrical connection.
  • the press cylinder 9, the screen 12, and the juice receiving portion 17 are sequentially installed, and the foodstuff 11 (to be pressed) is placed in the press chamber, and the piston 10 is placed in the press chamber (above the foodstuff), and the cylinder head 18 is covered.
  • the components of the cylinder head 18, the press cylinder 9, the filter screen 13, and the juice receiving portion 17 are sealed and connected to each other (a gasket or a sealing ring may be disposed at the junction), and the lower end of the juice receiving portion is fitted at the upper end of the bracket 1 (or only Is placed on the bracket 1, the two are not connected);
  • the suction line 7 of the electric vacuum pump is connected to the suction port 3 and the suction port 3 of the electric vacuum pump, and a valve 33 for introducing the gas is mounted on the suction line 7 of the electric vacuum pump (or may also be provided on the side wall of the juice receiving portion 17).
  • a valve 33 the valve is an electrically controlled valve (which may also be a manual valve).
  • the valve 33 can be mounted outside the bracket 1 (also within the bracket 1).
  • the suction line 7 can be disconnected in the middle, and the disconnected joint is connected by socket or the like.
  • the outlet line 5 of the electric air pump is connected to the air outlet 4 of the positive pressure air chamber and the electric air pump, and a valve 32 for deriving the gas is installed on the air outlet line 5 of the electric air pump (or on the side wall of the positive pressure air chamber 8).
  • a valve 32) is disposed on the cylinder head 18, and the valve 32 is an electric control valve (or a manual valve).
  • the valve 32 is mounted outside the bracket 1 (which may also be inside the bracket 1). In order to facilitate the installation, the outlet duct 5 can be disconnected in the middle, and the disconnected joint is connected by socket or the like.
  • the automatic control device When the button is turned on, the automatic control device causes the electric vacuum pump to work first, and draws out the air in the sealed chamber (by the detection of the air pressure sensor 19), after the air pressure in the closed chamber is lowered to a set value (for example, 10 kPa); the automatic control device makes the electric drive
  • the air pump 20 works to drive the air in the atmospheric environment into the positive pressure air chamber. As the air pressure in the positive pressure air chamber increases, the pressure difference between the two sides of the piston increases, and the piston is pushed by the pressure difference to press the food material in the press chamber, and the pressed product is pressed. The juice flows into the juice receiving portion 17 through the filter holes 13 of the sieve 12 under the action of gravity.
  • the electric air pump 20 is stopped (or stopped), and the air pressure is maintained for a certain time, for example, 120 seconds, so that the juice in the foodstuff is made. Fully flow into the juice section.
  • this embodiment adds a juice tank 23 to the second embodiment.
  • a juice tube 21 is disposed on the side wall below the juice side, and the juice tube ends are connected.
  • the upper end opening 22 of the juice tank is in sealing communication (or a faucet is provided at the end of the juice tube to discharge the juice through the faucet after the juice is finished).
  • the electric air source module is an electric vacuum pump 2 and an electric air pump 20, and the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump are installed in the bracket 1 on the side of the juice receiving portion, and the upper end of the juice receiving portion is sealed.
  • the press cylinder is installed, and the filter screen is fixedly installed at the lower end opening of the press cylinder.
  • the suction port 3 of the vacuum pump communicates with the juice receiving portion through the suction line 7, and the air outlet 4 of the air pump is connected to the positive pressure air chamber through the air outlet line 5.
  • the bracket 1 is L-shaped, one side is a vertical part, the other side is a flat part, the vertical part is equipped with an electric vacuum pump and an electric air pump, and the flat part is embedded or the juice is attached ( It is also possible that the juice receiving portion is only placed on the flat portion, and the two are not connected).
  • a cylinder head for sealing is fastened at the upper end of the press cylinder, and the press cylinder and the juice connecting portion are connected in the same manner as in the second embodiment.
  • the load current detection control module detects the magnitude of the load current of the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump, and controls the opening and closing of the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump.
  • the electric air source module is an electric vacuum pump 2 and an electric air pump 20, and the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump are installed in the bracket 1 below the laterally disposed juice receiving portion, and the juice receiving portion is oriented.
  • a lateral press cylinder is installed at the opening on the right side of the bracket (the two are sealed), and the filter screen is vertically installed in the juice receiving portion, and the air suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the juice receiving portion through the air suction pipe, and the air outlet of the electric air pump passes through
  • the gas line is connected to the positive pressure gas chamber.
  • the bottom surface of the left side of the juice receiving portion is provided with a juice tube 21, and the end of the juice tube is in sealing communication with the upper end opening 22 of the juice tank 23, and the air outlet 24 formed on the side wall of the juice tank is connected to the The suction port of the vacuum pump.
  • connection manner between the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion is the same as in the second embodiment.
  • the automatic control of the electric vacuum pump and the electric air pump is realized by the air pressure switch.
  • the press cylinder can also be inclined, the angle between the movement trajectory of the piston in the press cylinder and the horizontal plane is greater than 0°, less than 90°, and the level of the position of the filter screen is less than the horizontal level of the piston;
  • the screen is placed obliquely, vertically or horizontally between the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion and the two are fixed or detachably connected, and the juice opening is connected to the press chamber and constitutes Interspersed with the closed cavity.
  • the electric air source module is an electric vacuum pump 2
  • the electric vacuum pump is installed in the bracket 1 below the pressing cylinder, and the upper end of the pressing cylinder is sealed and installed with a juice portion, and the filter mesh is installed at the lower end of the pressing cylinder.
  • the suction port of the electric vacuum pump communicates with the juice receiving portion through the suction line, and the positive pressure air chamber communicates with the atmospheric environment 29.
  • the connection manner between the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the automatic control of the electric vacuum pump is realized by the automatic control device and the air pressure sensor 19.
  • the positive pressure air chamber is in communication with the atmospheric environment, so the pressure difference between the positive pressure chamber and the closed chamber is at most one atmosphere, and the piston has a small pressing force on the food material, which is suitable for pressing soft food materials such as grapes and strawberries.
  • a conventional airtight interface such as a quick release air joint, may be used, and at the same time, in order to ensure the operation after the press is completed, the air is introduced.
  • the valve for exporting air may be an electronically controlled valve purchased from the market, or an I-shaped rubber stopper or a manual valve.
  • the press cylinder is a barrel-shaped container having a closed curve shape in a cross section including a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a square, a polygon or any other shape.
  • the cross-sections in the press cylinder are identical in shape and equal in area, that is, the inner wall of the press cylinder is "straight up and down" and the like; or, the cross section in the press cylinder has at least one section of the same shape and an equal area.
  • the piston is provided with or without a sealing ring; the sealing ring is disposed on the side wall surface, the top end, the bottom end of the piston or is covered on the outside of the piston, so that the sealing between the piston and the inner wall of the pressing cylinder is tight; the piston and the sealing ring are rigid Or elastic.
  • the piston is a flat plate shape, a disc shape, a cylindrical shape, a bottomed cylindrical shape, a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, a truncated cone shape, a conical shape, or any other shape that is hollow inside but not completely penetrated; the cross section of the piston is a closed curve shape. These include: round, elliptical, triangular, square, polygonal or any other shape (but the cross-section of the piston and the cross-section of the press cylinder must match each other to achieve a sliding seal after installation).
  • the press cylinder, the piston and the juice portion should cooperate with each other.
  • the safety switch device is electrically connected to the automatic control device. Only after the components of the pneumatic vacuum press device are properly installed, the safety switch device can be turned on. At this time, the pneumatic vacuum press device can work normally after pressing the open button.
  • the safety switch device refers to: a protection device for protecting the safe operation of the pneumatic vacuum press device, and is electrically connected with the automatic control device, and the safety switch can be connected only after the components of the pneumatic vacuum press device are properly installed. After the push button is pressed, the pneumatic vacuum press device can work normally, otherwise it cannot work.
  • the safety switch device includes but is not limited to: a contact switch, a micro switch, a magnetic switch, an inductive switch and the like.
  • the press cylinder and the juice receiving portion may be vertically mounted, or may be a laterally mounted structure, or may be a slant-mounted structure, and the filter screen may be fixedly or detachably installed in the press chamber or the juice portion or
  • the piston is driven by an electric air source module, which may be a separate electric vacuum pump, or a combination of an electric vacuum pump and an electric air pump, which can be used under the piston by the press chamber and
  • the closed cavity formed by the juice receiving portion is evacuated, and the pressure difference between the positive pressure air chamber and the closed cavity is used to push the piston to complete the pressing of the workpiece to be pressed, and the electric air source module cooperates with the automatic control device to realize pumping.

Abstract

一种气动式真空压榨装置，包括压榨缸（9）、接汁部（17）、活塞（10）、滤网（12）、支架（1）和电动气源模块，压榨缸（9）内滑动安装活塞（10），该活塞（10）的外缘与压榨缸（9）的内缘紧密贴合，活塞（10）将压榨缸（9）内分为正压气室（8）和压榨室（30），压榨室（30）与接汁部（17）连通并构成一相互贯通的密闭腔体（31），在压榨室（30）内、接汁部（17）内或者压榨室（30）与接汁部（17）之间设置滤网（12）。水果、蔬菜等食料在压榨的过程中以及汁液(包括油)等进入接汁部或接汁罐时均保持在真空的环境中，避免了现有技术中汁液因氧化导致的变色、变质等问题。

Description

气动式真空压榨装置 技术领域
本发明属于食料压榨制取汁液技术领域，尤其是一种气动式真空压榨装置。
背景技术
人们在日常生活经常食用水果和蔬菜，但随着生活水平的提高，人们研制出的各种压榨设备可将水果和蔬菜压榨出汁液，然后直接饮用这些汁液，该方式更便于人们吸收其内含有的营养成分，而且方便了人们的生活。常见的压榨设备包括按压式、压把式等，按压式是在筒体上端安装一带有网孔的凸起，将橘子、橙子等多汁的水果直接压在凸起上或嵌在上盖内再压在凸起上，用力向下压下，使汁液通过网孔流入筒体内；压把式是在筒体上安装固定把，在筒体一侧铰装压把，压把底面安装一与筒体上端契合的上盖，筒体上端安装带有网孔的凸起，使用时将水果放置在凸起上，用力压下压把，使上盖和凸起挤压出汁液；上述两种结构也可以用于花生、大豆等食料的榨油，此时需要用电动替代手工压紧，以较大的压力将油榨出来。
人们研制出其它种类的螺旋式等结构的压榨设备，但所有这些设备的压榨过程，都是在空气中进行，空气中含有约21％氧气，植物组织中含有酚类物质，当压榨过程中细胞组织被破坏后，氧就大量侵入，酚酶催化酚类物质形成醌及其聚合物产生酶促褐变反应，酶促褐变使压榨出的食料汁液(果汁、蔬菜汁、食用油等)均被氧化，导致损失大量营养，而且颜色及口感都变差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供利用气体压力完成压榨动作、压榨和接汁均保持真空状态且避免压榨过程中及压榨出的汁液被氧气氧化的一种气动式真空压榨装置。
本发明采取的技术方案是：
一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：包括压榨缸、接汁部、活塞、滤网、支架和电动气源模块，压榨缸内滑动安装活塞，该活塞的外缘与压榨缸的内缘紧密贴合，所述活塞将压榨缸内分为正压气室和压榨室，所述压榨室与接汁部连通并构成一相互贯通的密闭腔体，在压榨室内、接汁部内或者压榨室与接汁部之间设置滤网，所述电动气源模块用于直接或通过抽气管路将所述密闭腔体抽气为负压，所述活塞在正压气室和密闭腔体之间的压力差的作用下向减少压榨室体积方向运动并压榨位于压榨室内的待压榨物，所述正压气室为封闭空间 且连通所述电动气源模块的出气管路或者所述正压气室为敞开且连通大气环境；
所述电动气源模块设置在所述压榨缸上方的支架上或支架内、设置在所述接汁部下方的支架上或支架内、设置在所述压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架上或支架内、设置在所述正压气室内或者设置在所述密闭腔体内。
而且，它选自⑴、⑵或⑶中的任意一种：
⑴所述压榨缸上扣装一缸盖，该缸盖、活塞以及二者之间的压榨缸内缘共同构成正压气室；
或者
⑵所述压榨缸上一体制成密封结构，该密封结构、活塞以及二者之间的压榨缸内缘共同构成正压气室；
或者
⑶所述压榨缸内的正压气室制成敞开的连通大气环境的结构。
而且，所述电动气源模块由至少一个电动真空泵构成或者由至少一个电动真空泵和至少一个电动打气泵构成，
当仅由电动真空泵构成时，该电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，该电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室或大气环境；
或者
当由电动真空泵和电动打气泵构成时，该电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，该电动打气泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室，所述电动真空泵的出气口、电动打气泵的抽气口均连通大气环境或二者相互连通。
而且，所述正压气室处的压榨缸上、所述正压气室处的缸盖上或者所述正压气室与电动气源模块连通的出气管路上安装一用于导出气体的阀门；
所述压榨室处的压榨缸上、所述接汁部上或者所述密闭腔体与电动气源模块连通的抽气管路上安装一用于导入气体的阀门；
所述阀门为手动阀或电控阀。
而且，还包括用于控制电动气源模块工作的自动控制装置，所述自动控制装置包括时间控制模块、气压控制模块或者负载电流检测控制模块中的任意一种、任意两种或全部三种：
⑴时间控制模块以定时的方式控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；或
⑵气压控制模块中的气压检测部分用于检测正压气室和/或密闭腔体内的气压变化，气压控制模块中的气压检测部分为气压传感器或者气压开关；
当用于检测密闭腔体内气压时，气压传感器或者气压开关安装在与电动真空泵连通的抽气管路内、密闭腔体处的压榨室、密闭腔体处的接汁部上或者与所述密闭腔体连通的位置处；
当用于检测正压气室内气压时，气压传感器或者气压开关安装在与电动打气泵连通的出气管路内、正压气室处的压榨缸、正压气室处的缸盖上或者与所述正压气室连通的位置处；
气压传感器将气压数据变化以电信号形式传输至气压控制模块的控制部分，该控制部分控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；
气压开关是机械式或电子式，气压变化使气压开关导通或断开，以此控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；或
⑶负载电流检测控制模块中的检测部分用于检测电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的负载电流变化，该变化的信号传输至负载电流检测控制模块中的控制部分，以此控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作。
而且，压榨缸的下端设置接汁部，滤网固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室下端，所述电动气源模块仅由电动真空泵构成，该电动真空泵安装在所述压榨缸上方的支架内、接汁部下方的支架内、压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架内、正压气室内或者密闭腔体内；
电动真空泵的抽气口与密闭腔体之间的关系选自⑴或⑵中的任意一种：
⑴所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通密闭式的正压气室；
或者
⑵所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通大气环境，该正压气室与大气环境连通。
而且，它选自⑴或⑵中的任意一种：
⑴所述电动真空泵的抽气管路上并联一旁路抽气管路，电动真空泵的抽气管路及所述旁路抽气管路上分别串联一电控阀；；
或者
⑵所述电动真空泵的抽气管路上通过一个三通阀并联一旁路抽气管路。
而且，所述电动气源模块由至少一个电动真空泵和至少一个电动打气泵构成，该电动真空泵和电动打气泵设置在所述压榨缸上方的支架内、接汁部下方的支架内、压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架内、正压气室内或者密闭腔体内，所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动打气泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室；
压榨缸和接汁部之间的关系选自⑴、⑵或⑶中的任意一种：
⑴所述接汁部开口朝上，该开口上端设置所述压榨缸，滤网固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室下端；
或者
⑵所述接汁部和压榨缸整体横向设置，活塞竖向设在压榨缸内，滤网竖向的固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室与接汁部构成的密闭腔体内；
或者
⑶所述压榨缸倾斜设置，活塞在压榨缸内的运动轨迹线与水平面的夹角大于0度且小于90度，滤网倾斜、竖直或水平放置的固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室与接汁部构成的密闭腔体内。
而且，所述接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接或该出汁管末端设有水龙头；
或者
接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接，电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路与所述接汁罐密封连接。
而且，所述接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接或该出汁管末端设有水龙头；
或者
接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接，电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路与所述接汁罐密封连接。
而且，所述活塞进行压榨时，密闭腔体内的气体压力小于10千帕，且大于0千帕。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
本发明中，压榨缸和接汁部可以是上下安装的结构，也可以是横向安装的结构，还可以是倾斜安装的结构，滤网可以固定或可拆卸的安装在压榨室内、接汁部内或者二者之间，活塞由电动气源模块驱动，该电动气源模块可以是单独的电动真空泵，或者是电动真空泵与电动打气泵的结合，无论何种方式均可以将活塞下方的由压榨室和接汁部构成的密闭腔体抽成真空，并利用正压气室和负压状态的密闭腔体之间的压力差推动活塞来完成对待压榨物的压榨，电动气源模块再与自动控制装置相互配合，实现抽气、打气和压榨的自动控制，同时水果、蔬菜等食料在压榨的过程中以及汁液(包括油)等进入接汁部或接汁罐时均保持在真空的环境中，避免了现有技术中汁液因氧化导致的变色、变质等问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例2的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例3的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例4的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例5的结构示意图；
图6是图1的电动真空泵抽气管路与旁路抽气管路安装阀门的示意图；
图7是图1的电动真空泵抽气管路与旁路抽气管路通过三通阀连通的示意图；
图8是本发明实施例6的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明进一步说明，下述实施例是说明性的，不是限定性的，不能以下述实施例来限定本发明的保护范围。
一种气动式真空压榨装置，如图1～8所示，本发明的创新在于：包括压榨缸9、接汁部17、活塞10、滤网12和电动气源模块，压榨缸内安装可以滑动的活塞，该活塞的外缘与压榨缸的内缘紧密贴合且形成密封滑动，所述活塞将压榨缸内分为正压气室8和压榨室30，所述压榨室与接汁部连通并构成一相互贯通的密闭腔体31，在压榨室内、接汁部内或者压榨室与接汁部之间设置滤网，所述电动气源模块用于直接或通过抽气管路7将所述密闭腔体抽气为负压(低于一个标准大气压，也可以称为真空或真空状态)，所述活塞在正压气室和密闭腔体之间的压力差的作用下向减少压榨室体积方向运动(大致向所述滤网方向运动)并压榨位于压榨室内的待压榨物11，所述正压气室为封闭空间且连通所述电动气源模块的出气管路或者所述正压气室为敞开且连通大气环境；
所述电动气源模块设置在所述压榨缸上方(该上方处的支架内或支架上)、设置在所述接汁部下方(该下方处的支架内或支架上)、设置在所述压榨缸及接汁部侧方(该侧方处的支架内或支架上)、设置在所述正压气室内或者设置在所述密闭腔体内。
正压是大于等于环境大气压力的状态，负压是小于环境大气压力的状态。在真空科学中，真空的含义是指在给定的空间内低于一个大气压力的气体状态，也就是负压状态。
本实施例中，正压气室一种结构是：所述压榨缸上扣装一缸盖18，该缸盖、活塞以及二者之间的压榨缸内缘共同构成正压气室；或者所述压榨缸上一体制成密封结构，该密封结构、活塞以及二者之间的压榨缸内缘共同构成正压气室；或者位于压榨缸附近的支架与压榨缸该侧的端部之间密封连接，即支架该侧表面、活塞以及二者之间的压榨缸内缘共同构成正压气室。
正压气室的另一种结构是：所述压榨缸内的正压气室制成敞开的连通大气环境29的结构。
所述电动气源模块仅由电动真空泵2构成或者由至少一个电动真空泵2和至少一个电动打气泵20构成，
当仅由电动真空泵构成时，该电动真空泵的抽气口3直接或通过抽气管路7连通所述密闭腔体，该电动真空泵的出气口4直接或通过出气管路5连通所述正压气室或大气环境；
或者
当由电动真空泵和电动打气泵构成时，该电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，该电动打气泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室，所述电动真空泵的出气口、电动打气泵的抽气口均连通大气环境或二者相互连通。
电动真空泵单独工作或者电动真空泵和电动打气泵共同工作时，抽气管路的端部16将密闭腔体内抽成真空(负压)，出气管路的端部6将正压气室打气成大于大气环境的气压，所以二者均需要在压榨完成后回复正常气压，由此采用的结构是：所述正压气室处的压榨缸上、所述正压气室处的缸盖上或者所述正压气室与电动气源模块连通的出气管路上安装一用于导出气体的阀门32；所述压榨室处的压榨缸上、所述接汁部上或者所述密闭腔体与电动气源模块连通的抽气管路上安装一用于导入气体的阀门33；所述阀门为手动阀或电控阀。电控阀是指以电为动力驱动开/闭的阀门，包括但不限于电动阀、电磁阀或电致伸缩阀等。
为了控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵等部件的自动工作，还包括用于控制电动气源模块工作的自动控制装置，自动控制装置可以安装在专用的支架内，或者是用于安装压榨缸和接汁部的支架的上方、下方或侧方，所述自动控制装置包括时间控制模块、气压控制模块或者负载电流检测控制模块中的任意一种、任意两种或全部三种：
⑴时间控制模块以定时的方式控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作，具体是：时间控制模块可以是时间继电器、以CPU为核心的控制电路或者其它具有计时功能的集成电路等，其作用是在电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵工作时进行计时，使其定时工作一段时间(事先通过试验测定正压气室、密闭腔体达到预先设定气压值所需要的时间)，即可以认为密闭腔体已抽成真空、正压气室已加压完毕，计时完毕后，时间控制模块控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的关闭；或
⑵本发明所述气压控制模块可以是由气压检测部分(气压传感器或气压开关)和控制部分、执行部分(电动电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵)组成，控制部分可以是以CPU为核心的控制电路，也可以是专用集成电路(或专用芯片)。
气压控制模块中的气压检测部分用于检测正压气室和/或密闭腔体内的气压变化，气压控制模块中的气压检测部分为气压传感器19或者气压开关19；
当用于检测密闭腔体内气压时，气压传感器或者气压开关安装在与电动真空泵连通的抽气管路内、密闭腔体处的压榨室、密闭腔体处的接汁部上或者与所述密闭腔体连通的位置处；
当用于检测正压气室内气压时，气压传感器或者气压开关安装在与电动打气泵连通的出气管路内、正压气室处的压榨缸、正压气室处的缸盖上或者与所述正压气室连通的位置处；
气压传感器将气压数据变化以电信号形式传输至气压控制模块的控制部分，该控制部分控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；
气压开关是机械式或电子式，气压变化使气压开关导通或断开，以此控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；或
⑶负载电流检测控制模块中的检测部分用于检测电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的负载电流变化，该变化的信号传输至负载电流检测控制模块中的控制部分，以此控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作。本发明所述的负载电流检测控制模块可以是独立的“硬件”构成的部件，也可以是自动控制装置本身附带的负载电流检测及控制功能。
以上述结构为基础，优选的方案是：
1.当电动气源模块仅由电动真空泵构成，该电动真空泵安装在所述压榨缸上方的支架内、接汁部下方的支架内、压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架内、正压气室内或者密闭腔体内。压榨缸的下端设置接汁部且压榨缸的压榨室和接汁部构成密闭腔体，滤网固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室下端，
所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通密闭式的正压气室；
或者
所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通大气环境，该正压气室与大气环境连通。
当电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路与密闭腔体连通时，由于密闭腔体内的气体有限，所以该电动真空泵的出气口向正压气室输打入的气体也是有限的，为了增大正压气室的气压大小，在电动真空泵的抽气管路上并联一旁路抽气管路27，电动真空泵的抽气管路及所述旁路抽气管路上分别串联一电控阀25、26；也可以采用如下结构：所述电动真空泵的抽气管路上通过一个三通阀28并联一旁路抽气管路。
2.当电动气源模块由至少一个电动真空泵和至少一个电动打气泵构成，该电动真空泵和 电动打气泵设置在所述压榨缸上方的支架内、接汁部下方的支架内、压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架内、正压气室内或者密闭腔体内。压榨缸中的压榨室与接汁部连通构成密闭腔体，所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动打气泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室；
压榨缸和接汁部之间的关系选自⑴、⑵或⑶中的任意一种：
⑴所述接汁部开口朝上，该开口上端设置所述压榨缸，滤网固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室下端；
或者
⑵所述接汁部和压榨缸整体横向设置，活塞竖向设在压榨缸内，滤网竖向的固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室与接汁部构成的密闭腔体内；
或者
⑶所述压榨缸倾斜设置，活塞在压榨缸内的运动轨迹线与水平面的夹角大于0度且小于90度，滤网倾斜、竖直或水平放置的固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室与接汁部构成的密闭腔体内。
为了增大汁液的存放空间，可以在上述各种结构中的接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管21，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐23的上端开口22密封连接(或该出汁管末端设有水龙头)；
或者
接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接，电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路与所述接汁罐的开口24密封连接。
上述各种结构中，为了避免压榨过程及压榨后的汁液被氧气氧化，在活塞进行压榨时，密闭腔体内的气体压力优选为小于10千帕且大于0千帕(0千帕就是“绝对真空”，是理论上的真空极限值，地球上任何真空泵也达不到0千帕)。
下面通过实施例1～6对各种结构进行说明：
实施例1
结构如图1所示：所述电动气源模块为一电动真空泵2，该电动真空泵安装在压榨缸9上方的支架1内，压榨缸上端与支架底部之间密封连接，压榨缸的下端密封安装接汁部17，压榨缸内的压榨室30与接汁部构成了密闭腔体31。
滤网12可拆卸的放置或安装在压榨缸的下端向内收敛的折弯处15之间的开口14上，电动真空泵的抽气口3通过抽气管路7的末端16连通接汁部，电动真空泵的出气口4连通一出气管路5，该出气管路下端6自支架底部穿入压榨缸内且连通活塞上方的压榨缸的正压气 室8，滤网为平面结构，其上制有用于汁液通过的多个滤孔13。
由于密闭腔体内的空气量有限，为了给正压气室打入更多的空气，使其具有更大的气压，可以如图6所示，在电动真空泵的抽气口3的抽气管路7上并联一旁路抽气管路27，该旁路抽气管路与大气环境连通，在旁路抽气管路串联一电控阀26，抽气管路上串联一电控阀25，该两个电控阀可以由自动控制装置驱动，使电动真空泵除了抽出密闭腔体内的空气后，还能吸入大气环境中的空气，然后打入正压气室，使正压气室能够得到足够的空气量，其工作过程是：
在刚开始启动电动真空泵时，首先打开电控阀25，关闭电控阀26，电动真空泵对密闭腔体抽真空，达到一定时间后，关闭电控阀25，打开电控阀26，继续使电动真空泵工作，此时因电控阀25关闭，所以电动真空泵抽的是大气环境中的空气，该空气被电动真空泵通过出气管路打入正压气室内，增加正压气室的压力，使活塞受到更大压力对压榨室的待压榨物进行压榨，以榨出更多汁液。
或者，可以采用如图7所示的结构：在电动真空泵的抽气口3的抽气管路7上通过一个三通阀28并联一旁路抽气管路27，该旁路抽气管路与大气环境连通，该三通阀可以由自动控制装置驱动，使电动真空泵除了抽出密闭腔体内的空气后，还能吸入大气环境中的空气，然后打入正压气室，使正压气室能够得到足够的空气量，其工作过程是：
在刚开始启动电动真空泵时，首先使三通阀接通抽气管路7，关闭旁路抽气管路27，电动真空泵对密闭腔体抽真空，达到一定时间后，关闭抽气管路7，接通旁路抽气管路27，继续使电动真空泵工作，此时因抽气管路7关闭，所以电动真空泵抽的是大气环境中的空气，该空气继续被电动真空泵通过出气管路5打入正压气室内，增加正压气室的压力，使活塞受到更大压力对压榨室的待压榨物进行压榨，以榨出更多汁液。
该实施例中，支架可以起到封闭压榨缸上端的作用，二者之间可以采用常见的螺纹连接等能够密封的方式进行连接。压榨缸和接汁部也可以采用常见的螺纹连接或承插连接(就是把压榨室下端插入接汁部上端口部，承插处设置密封圈)等能够密封的方式进行连接。
该实施例工作时，活塞下方的密闭腔体内保持真空状态，活塞上方的正压气室保持较大的气压，上、下的压力差向下推动活塞，使活塞将待压榨物11向滤网挤压，将汁液通过滤网13挤到接汁部内。
该实施例中，由时间控制模块以计时的方式完成电动真空泵的启动或关闭，整个过程自动完成。
实施例2
结构如图2所示：所述电动气源模块为一个电动真空泵2和一个电动打气泵20，该电动真空泵和电动打气泵均安装在接汁部下方的支架1内，接汁部的下端嵌装或卡装等常规方式安装在支架上端，接汁部的上端密封安装压榨缸，滤网以螺纹连接等方式固定安装在压榨缸的下端开口处，电动真空泵的抽气口3通过抽气管路7连通接汁部，电动打气泵的出气口4通过出气管路5连通正压气室8。
该实施例中，支架较大，起到了支撑的作用，在压榨缸上端扣装一用于密封的缸盖18，压榨缸和接汁部连接方式与实施例1相同。由气压控制模块(气压检测部分为气压传感器19)实现电动真空泵和电动打气泵的自动控制，电动真空泵的抽气管路及电动打气泵的出气管路上均可以安装气压传感器，气压传感器与气压控制模块中的控制部分电连接。
将压榨缸9、滤网12、接汁部17依次安装好，(待压榨物)食料11放入压榨室，再将活塞10放入压榨室(食料上方)，盖上缸盖18。缸盖18、压榨缸9、滤网13、接汁部17各部件相互交接处均密封连接(交接处可设置密封垫或密封圈)，接汁部下端卡装在支架1上端(也可以仅仅是放置在支架1上，两者不连接)；
电动真空泵的抽气管路7连接接汁部和电动真空泵的抽气口3，在电动真空泵的抽气管路7上安装一用于导入气体的阀门33(或者也可以在接汁部17侧壁上设置一阀门33)，所述阀门为电控阀(也可以是手动阀)。该阀门33安装位置可以在支架1外(也可以是支架1内)。为便于安装，抽气管路7中间可以断开，其断开的接头处以承插等方式连接。
电动打气泵的出气管路5连接正压气室和电动打气泵的出气口4，在电动打气泵的出气管路5上安装一用于导出气体的阀门32(或者在正压气室8侧壁上、缸盖18上设置阀门32)，该阀门32为电控阀(或手动阀)。阀门32的安装位置在支架1外(也可以是支架1内)。为便于安装，出气管路5中间可以断开，其断开的接头处以承插等方式连接。
本实施例的工作过程是：
开启按键，自动控制装置使电动真空泵首先工作，抽出密闭腔体内空气，(通过气压传感器19的检测)待密闭腔体内气压降低到设定值后(比如10千帕)；自动控制装置使电动打气泵20工作，将大气环境中的空气打入正压气室内，随着正压气室内气压升高，活塞两侧压力差增大、活塞被该压力差推动对压榨室内的食料进行压榨，压榨出的汁液在重力作用下通过滤网12的滤孔13流入接汁部17内。待正压气室内的气压达到设定值比如600千帕(一个标准大气压为101.325千帕)后，停止(或不停止)电动打气泵20工作，保持该气压一定时间比如120秒，使食料中汁液充分流进接汁部。
停止电动打气泵20工作，(通过自动控制装置)打开电控阀阀门32，使正压气室内空气 放出到环境大气中；再(通过自动控制装置)打开电控阀阀门33，使大气环境中空气进入密闭腔体中(解除真空状态)。此时因正压气室、密闭腔体中都保持环境大气压力，故此可以轻松用手拧开接汁部与压榨缸之间连接，倒出接汁部内汁液，清除压榨室内的食料残渣，即完成全部真空压榨过程。
实施例3
结构如图3所示：该实施例在实施例2的基础上增加了一个接汁罐23，具体是，接汁部一侧下方的侧壁上设置一出汁管21，该出汁管末端与接汁罐的上端开口22密封连通(或者该出汁管末端设有水龙头，以在榨汁完毕后，通过水龙头放出汁液)。
实施例4
结构如图4所示：所述电动气源模块为一个电动真空泵2和一个电动打气泵20，该电动真空泵和电动打气泵安装在接汁部侧方的支架1内，接汁部的上端密封安装压榨缸，滤网固定安装在压榨缸的下端开口处，真空泵的抽气口3通过抽气管路7连通接汁部，打气泵的出气口4通过出气管路5连通正压气室。
该实施例中，支架1为L型，一侧为一竖直部，另一侧为一扁平部，竖直部安装电动真空泵和电动打气泵，扁平部上嵌装或卡装接汁部(也可以是接汁部仅仅放置在扁平部上，两者不连接)。在压榨缸上端扣装一用于密封的缸盖，压榨缸和接汁部连接方式与实施例2相同。由负载电流检测控制模块检测电动真空泵及电动打气泵负载电流大小的方式，控制电动真空泵和电动打气泵的开启和关闭。
实施例5
结构如图5所示：所述电动气源模块为一个电动真空泵2和一个电动打气泵20，该电动真空泵和电动打气泵安装在横向设置的接汁部下方的支架1内，接汁部朝向支架右侧的开口处安装横向的压榨缸(两者密封连接)，滤网竖直安装在接汁部内，电动真空泵的抽气口通过抽气管路连通接汁部，电动打气泵的出气口通过出气管路连通正压气室。
更优选的是：接汁部左侧的底面设置一出汁管21，该出汁管末端与接汁罐23的上端开口22密封连通，该接汁罐侧壁上制出的出气口24连通所述真空泵的抽气口管路。
压榨缸和接汁部连接方式与实施例2相同。由气压开关实现电动真空泵和电动打气泵的自动控制。
该实施例中，压榨缸也还可以倾斜设置，活塞在压榨缸内的运动轨迹线与水平面的夹角大于0°，小于90°，且滤网所处位置的水平高度小于活塞的水平高度；滤网倾斜、竖直或水平放置在压榨缸与接汁部之间且两者固定或可拆卸连接，接汁部开口与压榨室连通并构成 相互贯通密闭腔体。
实施例6
结构如图8所示：所述电动气源模块为一电动真空泵2，该电动真空泵安装在压榨缸下方的支架1内，压榨缸的上端密封安装接汁部，滤网安装在压榨缸的下端开口处，电动真空泵的抽气口通过抽气管路连通接汁部，正压气室连通大气环境29。
压榨缸和接汁部连接方式与实施例1相同。由自动控制装置和气压传感器19实现电动真空泵的自动控制。本实施例中，正压气室与大气环境连通，故此与密闭腔体之间的压力差最大也只有一个大气压，活塞对食料的压榨力较小，适合较软食料如葡萄、草莓的压榨。
上述各实施例中，抽气管路、出气管路与压榨缸或接汁部连接时可以采用常规的气密接口，比如快拆气接头等，同时为了保证压榨完成后的操作，用于导入空气、导出空气的阀门可以是市场购买的电控阀门，或者是采用工字形橡胶塞、手工阀门等部件。
压榨缸为桶状容器，其内的横截面为闭合曲线形状，包括圆形、椭圆形、三角形、方形、多边形或其它任意形状。压榨缸内的各处横截面的形状相同且面积相等，即压榨缸内壁是“直上直下”等截面；或者，压榨缸内的横截面至少有一段是形状相同且面积相等。
活塞带有或不带有密封圈；密封圈设置在活塞的侧壁面、顶端、底端或是包覆在活塞外面，使活塞与压榨缸内壁之间密封严密；所述活塞和密封圈是刚性的或弹性的。活塞是平板形、盘形、柱形、有底的筒形、内部为中空但未完全贯通的柱形、球形、圆台形、圆锥形、或其它任意形状；活塞的横截面为闭合曲线形状，包括：圆形、椭圆形、三角形、方形、多边形或其它任意形状(但是活塞横截面与压榨缸内横截面要相互匹配，以实现安装后的滑动密封)。
无论哪种形状，压榨缸、活塞和接汁部要相互配合。
此外，为了保证本气动式真空压榨装置安全工作。所述压榨缸与接汁部交接处、压榨缸与缸盖交接处、接汁部与支架连接处、压榨缸与支架交接处等等任意两个部件的交接处均全部或至少某一处设置有安全开关装置。安全开关装置与自动控制装置电连接，只有气动式真空压榨装置的各个部件正确安装后，安全开关装置才能接通，此时按动开启键后，气动式真空压榨装置才能正常工作。
所述安全开关装置是指：用于保护本气动式真空压榨装置安全工作的保护装置，其与自动控制装置电连接，只有气动式真空压榨装置的各个部件正确安装后，所述安全开关才能接通，此时按动开启键后，气动式真空压榨装置才能正常工作，否则不能工作，所述安全开关装置包括但不限于：接触开关、微动开关、磁控开关、感应开关等等。
本发明中，压榨缸和接汁部可以是上下安装的结构，也可以是横向安装的结构，还可以是倾斜安装的结构，滤网可以固定或可拆卸的安装在压榨室内、接汁部内或者二者之间，活塞由电动气源模块驱动，该电动气源模块可以是单独的电动真空泵，或者是电动真空泵与电动打气泵的结合，无论何种方式均可以将活塞下方的由压榨室和接汁部构成的密闭腔体抽成真空，并利用正压气室与密闭腔体之间的压力差推动活塞来完成待压榨物的压榨，电动气源模块再与自动控制装置相互配合，实现抽气、打气和压榨的自动控制，同时水果、蔬菜等食料在压榨的过程中以及汁液或油等进入接汁部或接汁罐时均保持在真空的环境中，避免了现有技术中汁液因氧化导致的变色、变质等问题。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：包括压榨缸、接汁部、活塞、滤网、支架和电动气源模块，压榨缸内滑动安装活塞，该活塞的外缘与压榨缸的内缘紧密贴合，所述活塞将压榨缸内分为正压气室和压榨室，所述压榨室与接汁部连通并构成一相互贯通的密闭腔体，在压榨室内、接汁部内或者压榨室与接汁部之间设置滤网，所述电动气源模块用于直接或通过抽气管路将所述密闭腔体抽气为负压，所述活塞在正压气室和密闭腔体之间的压力差的作用下向减少压榨室体积方向运动并压榨位于压榨室内的待压榨物，所述正压气室为封闭空间且连通所述电动气源模块的出气管路或者所述正压气室为敞开且连通大气环境；
    所述电动气源模块设置在所述压榨缸上方的支架上或支架内、设置在所述接汁部下方的支架上或支架内、设置在所述压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架上或支架内、设置在所述正压气室内或者设置在所述密闭腔体内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于它选自⑴、⑵或⑶中的任意一种：
    ⑴所述压榨缸上扣装一缸盖，该缸盖、活塞以及二者之间的压榨缸内缘共同构成正压气室；
    或者
    ⑵所述压榨缸上一体制成密封结构，该密封结构、活塞以及二者之间的压榨缸内缘共同构成正压气室；
    或者
    ⑶所述压榨缸内的正压气室制成敞开的连通大气环境的结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：所述电动气源模块由至少一个电动真空泵构成或者由至少一个电动真空泵和至少一个电动打气泵构成，
    当仅由电动真空泵构成时，该电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，该电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室或大气环境；
    或者
    当由电动真空泵和电动打气泵构成时，该电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，该电动打气泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室，所述电动真空泵的出气口、电动打气泵的抽气口均连通大气环境或二者相互连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：所述正压气室处的压榨缸上、所述正压气室处的缸盖上或者所述正压气室与电动气源模块连通的出气管路上安装一用于导出气体的阀门；
    所述压榨室处的压榨缸上、所述接汁部上或者所述密闭腔体与电动气源模块连通的抽气管路上安装一用于导入气体的阀门；
    所述阀门为手动阀或电控阀。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：还包括用于控制电动气源模块工作的自动控制装置，所述自动控制装置包括时间控制模块、气压控制模块或者负载电流检测控制模块中的任意一种、任意两种或全部三种：
    ⑴时间控制模块以定时的方式控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；或
    ⑵气压控制模块中的气压检测部分用于检测正压气室和/或密闭腔体内的气压变化，气压控制模块中的气压检测部分为气压传感器或者气压开关；
    当用于检测密闭腔体内气压时，气压传感器或者气压开关安装在与电动真空泵连通的抽气管路内、密闭腔体处的压榨室、密闭腔体处的接汁部上或者与所述密闭腔体连通的位置处；
    当用于检测正压气室内气压时，气压传感器或者气压开关安装在与电动打气泵连通的出气管路内、正压气室处的压榨缸、正压气室处的缸盖上或者与所述正压气室连通的位置处；
    气压传感器将气压数据变化以电信号形式传输至气压控制模块的控制部分，该控制部分控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；
    气压开关是机械式或电子式，气压变化使气压开关导通或断开，以此控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作；或
    ⑶负载电流检测控制模块中的检测部分用于检测电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的负载电流变化，该变化的信号传输至负载电流检测控制模块中的控制部分，以此控制电动真空泵和/或电动打气泵的工作。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2或3或5所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：压榨缸的下端设置接汁部，滤网固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室下端，所述电动气源模块仅由电动真空泵构成，该电动真空泵安装在所述压榨缸上方的支架内、接汁部下方的支架内、压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架内、正压气室内或者密闭腔体内；
    电动真空泵的抽气口与密闭腔体之间的关系选自⑴或⑵中的任意一种：
    ⑴所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通密闭式的正压气室；
    或者
    ⑵所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动真空泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通大气环境，该正压气室与大气环境连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于它选自⑴或⑵中的任意一种：
    ⑴所述电动真空泵的抽气管路上并联一旁路抽气管路，电动真空泵的抽气管路及所述旁路抽气管路上分别串联一电控阀；
    或者
    ⑵所述电动真空泵的抽气管路上通过一个三通阀并联一旁路抽气管路。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2或3或5所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：所述电动气源模块由至少一个电动真空泵和至少一个电动打气泵构成，该电动真空泵和电动打气泵设置在所述压榨缸上方的支架内、接汁部下方的支架内、压榨缸及接汁部侧方的支架内、正压气室内或者密闭腔体内，所述电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路连通所述密闭腔体，所述电动打气泵的出气口直接或通过出气管路连通所述正压气室；
    压榨缸和接汁部之间的关系选自⑴、⑵或⑶中的任意一种：
    ⑴所述接汁部开口朝上，该开口上端设置所述压榨缸，滤网固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室下端；
    或者
    ⑵所述接汁部和压榨缸整体横向设置，活塞竖向设在压榨缸内，滤网竖向的固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室与接汁部构成的密闭腔体内；
    或者
    ⑶所述压榨缸倾斜设置，活塞在压榨缸内的运动轨迹线与水平面的夹角大于0度且小于90度，滤网倾斜、竖直或水平放置的固定或可拆卸的设置在压榨缸的压榨室与接汁部构成的密闭腔体内。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：所述接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接或该出汁管末端设有水龙头；
    或者
    接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接，电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路与所述接汁罐密封连接。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：所述接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接或该出汁管末端设有水龙头；
    或者
    接汁部底部或侧壁上设置一出汁管，该出汁管末端与一接汁罐的上端开口密封连接，电动真空泵的抽气口直接或通过抽气管路与所述接汁罐密封连接。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10中任意一项所述的一种气动式真空压榨装置，其特征在于：所述活塞进行压榨时，密闭腔体内的气体压力小于10千帕，且大于0千帕。
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CN115739289A (zh) * 2022-12-23 2023-03-07 安化县泰森循环科技有限公司 一种废旧锂电池的拆解破碎设备及方法

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