WO2017125965A1 - Dispositif de traitement de gaz naturel - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement de gaz naturel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017125965A1
WO2017125965A1 PCT/JP2016/000306 JP2016000306W WO2017125965A1 WO 2017125965 A1 WO2017125965 A1 WO 2017125965A1 JP 2016000306 W JP2016000306 W JP 2016000306W WO 2017125965 A1 WO2017125965 A1 WO 2017125965A1
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Prior art keywords
natural gas
air
sound
noise reduction
gas processing
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PCT/JP2016/000306
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
甲治 安東
謙 角谷
佐藤　拓哉
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日揮株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2016/000306 priority Critical patent/WO2017125965A1/fr
Publication of WO2017125965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017125965A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0087—Propane; Propylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
    • F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
    • F28C1/10—Arrangements for suppressing noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
    • F28D1/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels with an air driving element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technology for reducing noise generated in natural gas processing equipment and natural gas processing equipment for producing liquefied natural gas.
  • Natural gas produced from the well source is transported to the customer through storage and shipping facilities after separation and liquefaction treatment for separating impurities such as acid gas and moisture. Moreover, the process which collect
  • the natural gas processing equipment that performs these treatments cools the absorption solution used to remove impurities, the refrigerant that cools the natural gas, and the various components (acid gas and light components) separated and recovered from the natural gas.
  • Many air-cooled heat exchangers (hereinafter also referred to as AFC (Air-FinFCooler)) are provided.
  • AFC cools the fluid to be cooled by supplying cooling air using a rotary fan toward the tube bundle in which the absorption solution, the refrigerant, and the tube through which the separation / recovery component flows are bundled. To do.
  • AFC in addition to wind noise when the fan cuts the wind, operation sound is generated using the motor driving the fan and the driving sound of the driving belt as a sound source. Since some natural gas processing apparatuses are provided with 100 or more AFC fans, these AFC groups are one of the large-scale sound sources in the natural gas processing apparatus.
  • noise regulation is generally provided in consideration of securing the working environment in the apparatus and the influence on the neighboring area.
  • the sound generated in AFC increases with the increase in the number of rotations of the fan per unit time (hereinafter simply referred to as “the number of rotations”).
  • the number of rotations there are cases where it is necessary to perform an operation with a reduced rotational speed.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a ceiling-mounted air conditioning indoor unit in which a plurality of sound generation means for active silencing are provided on the lower side of a turbo fan that discharges air sucked from the lower side to the side. ing. These sounding means are arranged at positions corresponding to the periphery and the center of the turbofan when the turbofan is viewed from below.
  • Japanese Patent No. 3072174 Claim 1, paragraphs 0014-0015, 0023, FIGS.
  • the present invention has been made under such a background, and an object thereof is to reduce noise generated in an air-cooled heat exchanger that cools a cooled fluid handled in a natural gas processing apparatus. It is an object of the present invention to provide a natural gas processing apparatus capable of performing the above.
  • the natural gas processing apparatus of the present invention is a natural gas processing apparatus that performs at least one of liquefaction of natural gas or separation / recovery of components in the natural gas. At least one selected from a component separated or recovered from the natural gas, an absorbing solution used for removing impurities from the natural gas, or a cooled fluid group including a refrigerant used in the natural gas processing apparatus.
  • An air-cooled heat exchanger including a fan for supplying air for cooling the fluid to be cooled, and a tube bundle in which tubes through which the fluid to be cooled flows are bundled;
  • a sound detection unit that detects a sound wave propagating through the space through which the cooling air flows, and a phase opposite to the detected sound wave with respect to the space, based on a detection result of the sound wave by the sound detection unit, and the same
  • an active noise reduction mechanism including a sound emitting unit that emits sound pressure and a sound wave for noise reduction having the same wavelength.
  • the natural gas processing apparatus may have the following characteristics.
  • A) The air-cooled heat exchanger is provided at the upper part of the discharge flow duct covering the fan and the discharge flow duct, and releases the sucked-in air or the pushed-in air to the atmosphere to stabilize the air flow.
  • the noise reduction mechanism performs detection of sound waves and emission of sound waves for noise reduction in the space in the rectification duct.
  • B) A plurality of sound emitting portions are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rectifying duct.
  • C) The natural gas processing apparatus includes m air-cooled heat exchangers, and the rectifying duct is shared by n air-cooled heat exchangers (2 ⁇ n ⁇ m), and the noise reduction is performed. The mechanism is provided in the common rectifying duct.
  • the natural gas processing apparatus includes a plurality of air-cooled heat exchangers
  • the noise reduction mechanism includes a sound emitting unit shared between adjacent air-cooled heat exchangers. Propagation paths for guiding the sound waves for noise reduction are provided from the converted sound emitting section toward the rectifying duct of each air-cooled heat exchanger.
  • a sound absorbing material is provided on the inner surface of the discharge flow duct and / or the rectifying duct.
  • the fan of the air-cooled heat exchanger has an air flow capacity of 10 to 30000 Nm 3 / min.
  • the cooled fluid is a precooling refrigerant compressed by the first compression unit, or a mixed refrigerant compressed by the second compression unit, and the air-cooled heat exchanger includes the first cooling unit Provided on the outlet side of the compression section and the second compression section It.
  • the noise reduction mechanism is provided in an air-cooled heat exchanger on the outlet side of the first compression section.
  • the present invention focuses on an air-cooled heat exchanger as a large-scale sound source of a natural gas processing apparatus for processing natural gas, and is active for a space in which cooling air supplied by a fan flows. Since the noise reduction mechanism is provided, the noise generated in the natural gas processing apparatus can be efficiently reduced.
  • MCHE liquefied cryogenic main heat exchanger
  • MR Mated Refrigerant
  • the scrub column 2 separates NG precooled in the precooling heat exchangers 104a to 104d into a gas at the top of the column containing a large amount of methane and a liquid at the bottom of the column containing a larger amount of hydrocarbon components heavier than methane.
  • the scrub column 2 may be provided with a scrub column reflux device (reflux drum 4 and reflux pump 5) in order to effectively remove heavy components at the top of the column.
  • the NG fluid is once taken out from the MCHE 3, the gas and the liquid are separated by the reflux drum 4, and the gas from the upper part of the reflux drum 4 is returned to the MCHE 3 again.
  • the liquid from the reflux drum 4 is returned to the top of the scrub column 2 by the reflux pump 5.
  • the gas flowing out from the top of the scrub column 2 is supplied to the NG tube at the lowest part of the MCHE 3 and cooled by the MR flowing on the shell side of the MCHE 3.
  • the liquid flowing out from the bottom of the scrub column 2 is converted into condensate that is liquid at room temperature and ethane, propane, and butane, which are lighter components than the condensate, in a rectification unit 21 having a rectification column (not shown).
  • a rectification unit 21 having a rectification column (not shown).
  • the light component from which the condensate has been removed joins with the gas flowing out from the top of the scrub column 2 and is supplied to the MCHE3 NG tube, or is independently sent to the MCHE3 tube.
  • FIG. 1 shows a case where the light components separated and recovered in the rectifying section are merged into a tube for NG.
  • the gas supplied to the MCHE3 NG tube is cooled and liquefied by the MR flowing down the shell side of the MCHE3, further subcooled, and cooled to about ⁇ 150 to ⁇ 155 ° C. from the top of the MCHE3 as LNG. Extracted.
  • the MR used for cooling the NG is extracted as a low-pressure MR (approximately -40 ° C.) in a gaseous state from the bottom of the MCHE 3 shell.
  • the low pressure MR is boosted from a low pressure to a medium pressure by the low pressure MR compressor 41, and further cooled by the after cooler 411.
  • the intermediate pressure MR cooled by the after cooler 411 is increased in pressure from the intermediate pressure to the high pressure by the intermediate pressure MR compressor 42 after the droplets are separated by the suction drum 423, and further cooled by the after cooler 421.
  • the gas MR (approximately -30 to -40 ° C.) gas-liquid separated by the high-pressure MR separator 31 is introduced into the MR tube from the bottom side of the MCHE 3 and then extracted from the upper position of the MCHE 3.
  • the MR temperature extracted from the MCHE 3 is about -150 ° C to -155 ° C.
  • the MR extracted from the MCHE 3 is expanded by the expansion valve V1, and then supplied uniformly to the shell side of the MCHE 3 via a liquid dispersion device (distributor) 302 provided on the top side of the MCHE 3.
  • the liquid MR (approximately temperature ⁇ 30 to ⁇ 40 ° C.) separated from the gas and liquid by the MR separator 31 is introduced from the bottom side of the MCHE 3 to the MR tube side and cooled, and then reaches the upper position. It is extracted from the middle of MCHE3 before doing.
  • the temperature of the extracted liquid MR is about ⁇ 120 ° C. to ⁇ 125 ° C. and sufficiently subcooled.
  • the liquid MR is uniformly introduced to the shell side of the MCHE 3 from the liquid dispersion device (distributor) 301 of the liquid MR.
  • MR introduced to the shell side of MCHE 3 via liquid dispersion devices 302 and 301 arranged in two upper and lower stages is liquefaction of NG flowing through the NG tube, supercooling, and gas MR and liquid flowing through the MR tube After being used for cooling the MR, it is extracted from the bottom of the MCHE 3 as a low pressure MR and supplied to the low pressure MR compressor 41 again.
  • C3 refrigerant (C3 cycle) used for precooling of NG and cooling of high pressure MR
  • C3 refrigerant gas after heat exchange with NG in the precooling heat exchangers 104a to 104d and heat exchange with the high pressure MR in the chillers 431a to 431d is separated into droplets by the suction drums 511a and 511b.
  • the suction drums 511a and 511b Depending on the pressure level of the C3 refrigerant, for example, it is branched and supplied to the suction side of each stage of one or two C3 compressors 51a and 51b that perform four-stage compression.
  • these two C3 compressors 51a and 51b are collectively displayed in one figure.
  • the C3 compressors 51a and 51b correspond to the first compression unit of the present embodiment.
  • C3 refrigerant heat exchange unit 50 For convenience of illustration, in the C3 cycle, individual descriptions of the precooling heat exchangers 104a to 104d, the chillers 431a to 431d, and the expansion valves provided on the upstream side of these heat exchangers 104a to 104d and 431a to 431d, respectively. Is omitted and is generally indicated as “C3 refrigerant heat exchange unit 50”.
  • the fully condensed C3 refrigerant is collected in the separator 53
  • the subcoolers 523a and 523b are supercooled and re-supplied to the C3 refrigerant heat exchange unit 50.
  • the aftercoolers 411 and 421 provided in the MR cycle, the desuperheaters 521a and 521b provided in the C3 cycle, the condensers 522a and 522b, and the subcoolers 523a and 523b are: It is comprised by AFC (air cooling type heat exchanger).
  • the groups of equipment (equipment groups PL1 and PL2) shown in FIG. ing.
  • the pipe rack 600 supports a pipe 601 through which NG, various refrigerants (C3, MR) and the like exchanged between the facilities constituting the facility groups PL1 and PL2 flow.
  • the pipe rack includes, for example, 100 units including aftercoolers 411 and 421, desuperheaters 521a and 521b, condensers 522a and 522b, and subcoolers 523a and 523b provided at the subsequent stage of the compressors 41, 42, 51a, and 51b.
  • the above (m) AFCs 6 are arranged at the top.
  • a configuration example of the suction type AFC 6 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the AFC 6 flows a fluid to be cooled (MR in the case of the aftercoolers 411 and 421 in the MR cycle, C3 refrigerant in the case of the desuperheaters 521a and 521b, the condensers 522a and 522b, the subcoolers 523a and 523b in the C3 cycle).
  • MR in the case of the aftercoolers 411 and 421 in the MR cycle
  • C3 refrigerant in the case of the desuperheaters 521a and 521b, the condensers 522a and 522b, the subcoolers 523a and 523b in the C3 cycle.
  • a tube bundle 630 in which a group of a large number of tubes 63 is bundled, and a fan 62 disposed on the upper side of the tube bundle 630 are provided.
  • the tube bundle 630 is open on both upper and lower sides, and cooling air can flow from the bottom to the top through the gap between the adjacent tubes 63.
  • the tube bundle 630 side peripheral surface is surrounded by a frame body 631 that holds the tube bundle 630, and the frame body 631 is fixed to the upper surface of the frame constituting the pipe rack 600.
  • the rotation center of the fan 62 is connected to the upper end portion of the rotation shaft 622 arranged so as to extend upward and downward.
  • the lower side of the rotation shaft 622 passes through the tube bundle 630, and the lower end portion thereof is connected to the rotation drive unit 621 disposed below the tube bundle 630.
  • the rotation drive unit 621 may have a configuration in which, for example, the rotation shaft 622 is connected to a rotation motor, or a fan pulley 623 provided at the lower end of the rotation shaft 622 and a side of the fan pulley 623 as shown in FIG.
  • the drive belt 625 may be wound around the motor pulley 624 on the rotary shaft side of the rotary motor 626 disposed in the rotary motor 626 and the rotary shaft 622 may be rotated via the drive belt 625.
  • a discharge flow duct 61 for allowing the air that has passed through the tube bundle 630 to flow is provided in a region extending from the upper surface of the frame 631 surrounding the tube bundle 630 to the side of the fan 62.
  • the discharge flow duct 61 gradually decreases in diameter from the lower side connected to the upper surface of the frame 631 toward the upper side, and has a straight tubular shape at a side position of the fan 62.
  • the upper part of the discharge flow duct 61 that is a straight tube extends further to a region surrounding the space above the fan 62, and constitutes a rectifying duct 64. Details of the rectifying duct 64 will be described later.
  • the blowing capacity of the fan 62 with respect to the tube bundle 630 is, for example, 10 to 30000 Nm 3 / min (where N means Normal, and represents the volume of gas at 0 ° C. and 1 atm standard state standard), preferably 4000 to 12000 nm 3 / min, number of revolutions per unit time of the fan 62 is 60 ⁇ 20000 rpm, preferably 500 ⁇ 2000 rpm.
  • the diameter of the fan 62 is, for example, 1 to 15 m, preferably 2 to 7 m. Note that a louver whose opening degree can be adjusted may be provided in the opening of the discharge flow duct 61 at a height position several cm to several tens cm above the fan 62.
  • the NG liquefying apparatus includes two rows of pipe racks 600 arranged adjacent to each other. 4 and 5, AFC 6 having the configuration described with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is generally arranged in series, and one set is formed along the extending direction of each pipe rack 600. The arrangement is arranged.
  • the AFC 6 group is one of large-scale sound sources in the NG liquefaction apparatus.
  • each AFC 6 installed in the NG liquefaction apparatus is operated so that the sound pressure level (A characteristic) measured by a predetermined method is 85 dBA or less of the regulation value. Wind noise generated in each AFC 6 increases as the number of rotations of the fan 62 increases. Therefore, in order to comply with the regulation value, the number of rotations is suppressed, and the cooling capacity of the cooled fluid in the AFC 6 is reduced. In some cases, it may not be possible to increase the processing capacity of the NG liquefier.
  • the AFC will increase in size or increase the installed AFC base, which will increase the construction cost of the NG liquefaction device It also becomes.
  • the AFC 6 provided in the NG liquefying apparatus of this example is provided with a noise reduction mechanism 70 for reducing noise generated in the AFC 6.
  • a noise reduction mechanism 70 for reducing noise generated in the AFC 6.
  • the environment around the AFC 6 provided at the top of the pipe rack 600 installed outdoors is Wind direction, wind strength, etc. change in various ways. As a result, the state of propagation and attenuation of the sound generated in the AFC 6 is affected by these environmental changes, and there is a possibility that a sufficient noise reduction effect cannot be obtained simply by providing the noise reduction mechanism 70. .
  • a rectifying duct 64 is provided downstream of the fan 62 of the AFC 6 of this example so as to extend upward from the opening of the discharge flow duct 61. It has been.
  • the rectifying duct 64 has a flow path length of, for example, 0.3 to 10 m, preferably 1 to 5 m, which is 0.01 to 10 times the diameter of the fan 62.
  • the rectifying duct 64 serves to form a space in which air discharged from the discharge flow duct 61 flows in a stable state while suppressing the influence of changes in weather such as ambient temperature, wind direction, and wind strength.
  • a plurality of noise reduction mechanisms 70 are arranged at intervals from each other along the circumferential direction of the tube wall of the rectifying duct 64.
  • a microphone 71 that is a sound detection unit that detects sound waves propagating in the rectification duct 64
  • a speaker 72 that is a sound emission unit that emits sound waves for noise reduction toward the rectification duct 64.
  • 4 and 5 show an example in which a noise reduction mechanism 70 in which a microphone 71 and a speaker 72 are integrated into a module is provided.
  • the speaker 72 is controlled by a speaker control mechanism 73.
  • the speaker control mechanism 73 is configured so that the sound wave for noise reduction is emitted in the opposite phase, the same sound pressure and the same wavelength as the sound wave detected by the microphone 71 based on the sound wave detection result by the microphone 71.
  • the sound emitted from the speaker 72 is controlled.
  • the speaker control mechanism 73 includes a microphone amplifier, a control circuit, a power amplifier, and the like.
  • the sound wave for noise reduction having the opposite phase to the sound wave detected by the microphone 71 and the same sound pressure and the same wavelength means that the sound wave for noise reduction is the phase of the detected sound wave.
  • these characteristic values are within the range of ⁇ 1 dBA for sound pressure and ⁇ for wavelength. It includes the case of deviation within a range of 10%, preferably ⁇ 5%. If the deviation of the characteristic value between the detected sound wave and the sound wave for noise reduction is within this range, the noise reduction effect by the sound wave for noise reduction can be sufficiently exhibited.
  • the AFC 6 blows 4000 to 12000 Nm 3 / min in the preferred range, and the rotation speed of the fan 62 is 500 in the preferred range Up to 2000 rpm.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 is provided in the vicinity of the fan 62, for example, as a result of the microphone 71 vibrating directly under the influence of the wind pressure change due to the wind of the fan 62, vibrations that are not emitted as sound waves to the surroundings are also generated as sound. Detected. As a result, unnecessary frequency components may be emitted to the outside of the sound wave for noise reduction, resulting in noise.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 is provided at a position downstream of the flow path length of the rectifying duct 64, preferably at a position downstream of half the flow path length (see FIG. 4). Indicates a range downstream of half of the flow path length by a dashed line arrow).
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 By disposing the noise reduction mechanism 70 at a position away from the fan 62, it is possible to avoid the influence of the wind pressure change due to the wind cut of the fan 62.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 by detecting sound waves at a position where the flow of air discharged from the AFC 6 is stable in the rectifying duct 64 having a relatively long flow path length of preferably 1 m or longer, the disturbance of the air flow is prevented. It is also possible to suppress the influence and perform sound wave detection in a stable state.
  • the plurality of noise reduction mechanisms 70 provided along the circumferential direction of the tube wall of the rectifying duct 64 may be arranged at intervals shorter than the half wavelength of the sound wave to be subjected to noise reduction.
  • a frequency whose length of one wavelength is shorter than the circumferential length of the tube wall of the rectifying duct 64 among frequency components having a relatively large sound pressure level.
  • a microphone 74 for confirming the effect of the noise reduction mechanism 70 is provided at the outlet of the rectifying duct 64, and the sound waves detected by the microphone 74 are, for example, the control room of the NG liquefier. It is monitored by the control unit 8 provided in. The control unit 8 can adjust the frequency range of sound waves for noise reduction emitted from the speaker 72 via the speaker control mechanism 73.
  • a passive noise reduction means can also be provided.
  • a sound absorbing material 611 is affixed to the inner surfaces of the discharge flow duct 61 and the rectifying duct 64 (FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • Specific examples of the sound absorbing material 611 include a perforated plate (metal plate, plywood, gypsum board, hard, etc.) having a sound absorbing effect, a porous material (glass wool or rock wool), and the like.
  • the wind noise of the fan 62 and the operation sound of the rotation driving unit 621 propagate through the space in the rectifying duct 64 and along the tube wall of the rectifying duct 64. It is detected by the microphone 71 of the noise reduction mechanism 70 provided. As a result, the sound wave for noise reduction having the same phase and the same sound pressure and the same wavelength as the sound wave detected by the microphone 71 is emitted from the speaker 72. The sound pressure level of the noise emitted from the AFC 6 is reduced by canceling out the sound wave propagating through the rectifying duct 64 and the sound wave for noise reduction emitted from the speaker 72.
  • the rectifying duct 64 is provided in the space where the air is discharged from the discharge flow duct 61, the influence of the environment (temperature, wind direction, wind strength) around the AFC 6 provided outdoors is suppressed. It is done. Further, by disposing the noise reduction mechanism 70 at a position downstream of the flow path length of the rectifying duct 64, the flow of air discharged from the AFC 6 is avoided by avoiding the influence of the wind pressure change due to the wind cut of the fan 62. Can detect sound waves at a stable position. By combining these actions, the effect of reducing the sound pressure level of the noise emitted from the AFC 6 can be enhanced.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of the distribution of the sound pressure level for each frequency of the sound wave measured at the discharge position of the air from the discharge flow duct 61.
  • the low frequency range of 40 to 200 Hz is the main frequency range of the AFC6 noise.
  • the active noise reduction mechanism 70 is suitable for reducing sound in a low frequency region, and is suitable as the noise reduction means of the AFC 6.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 described above is provided in each of a large number of AFCs 6 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 is provided in the AFC 6 in which the sound pressure level measured by a predetermined method is equal to or higher than a predetermined value of 85 dBA when the emission of the sound wave for noise reduction from each speaker 72 is stopped. It is preferable to provide the noise reduction mechanism 70 so that the sound pressure level when measured by emitting sound waves for noise reduction from each speaker 72 is less than the prescribed value of 85 dBA.
  • the NG liquefaction apparatus has the following effects. Focusing on the AFC 6 as a large-scale sound source of the NG liquefaction apparatus, the active noise reduction mechanism 70 is provided in the rectifying duct 64 surrounding the space in which the cooling air supplied by the fan 62 flows. Noise generated in the liquefaction device can be efficiently reduced.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 is provided. As a result, the sound pressure level can be given a margin with respect to the prescribed value of 85 dBA. As a result, it may be possible to increase the processing amount of the NG liquefaction apparatus by utilizing the margin to increase the rotational speed of the fan 62. In addition, by providing the AFC 6 equipped with the noise reduction mechanism 70 during the construction of the NG liquefaction apparatus, it is possible to reduce the construction cost by suppressing the enlargement of the AFC 6.
  • the conventional NG liquefaction device when the NG liquefaction device is adjacent to a residential area, a park, a campsite, etc., the conventional NG liquefaction device has to surround the whole plant or most of it with a soundproof wall as a noise prevention measure. Also come out. Compared with the installation of such a vast and high soundproof wall, the NG liquefaction apparatus according to the present embodiment only needs to provide the noise reduction mechanism 70 in a limited area where the AFC 6 is installed. Can be very effective.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 may be provided only in the desuper heaters 521a and 521b, the condensers 522a and 522b, and the sub-coolers 523a and 523b (AFC6) installed in the most installed C3 compressors 51a and 51b.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 constitutes the desuper heaters 521a and 521b, the condensers 522a and 522b, the subcoolers 523a and 523b that cool the C3 refrigerant shown in FIG. 1, and the aftercoolers 411 and 421 that cool the MR. It is not limited to the case where it is provided in AFC6.
  • FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of the acidic gas removal unit 101 shown in FIG.
  • the acid gas removal unit 101 shown in FIG. 7 employs an amine absorption method.
  • the amine regeneration solution released from the bottom of the amine regeneration tower 902 has a high temperature, heat is exchanged in the heat exchanger 906 with the low-temperature acidic gas-absorbing amine solution released from the bottom of the amine absorption tower 901. . Furthermore, since it is necessary to cool the amine regeneration solution to a necessary temperature, the amine regeneration solution is cooled by the amine regeneration solution cooler 907. On the other hand, the acid gas released from the absorption solution is cooled by the regeneration tower top gas condenser 904, gas-liquid separated by the acid gas gas-liquid separation drum 905, and discharged outside the incineration facility or the like.
  • the amine regeneration liquid cooler 907 and the regeneration tower top gas condenser 904 are configured by AFC 6, and the number of AFCs 6 in the multiple units shown in FIG. is there. Therefore, by providing the amine regeneration liquid cooler 907 and the regeneration tower top gas condenser 904 with the noise reduction mechanism 70, the sound pressure level of the noise emitted from the NG liquefaction apparatus can be reduced. In this case, the absorbing fluid and the acidic gas which is a component separated from NG become the fluid to be cooled.
  • FIG. 8 shows a detailed configuration example of an apparatus for efficiently separating components heavier than methane by a method different from the scrub column 2 shown in FIG.
  • a cryogenic temperature can be obtained by drastically reducing the operating pressure through a feed gas expander (gas expander), and NG is cooled using this cold energy.
  • NG gas expander
  • 60 Bar of NG is reduced to 40 Bar by the feed gas expander 208
  • cold heat of ⁇ 80 ° C. is obtained.
  • the cold heat from the top of the scrub column 2 is used for cooling NG after being pretreated in the pretreatment section (for example, the acid gas removal section 101, the water removal section 102, and the mercury removal section 103), and NG precooling heat exchange Cool the NG from ⁇ 30 ° C. to ⁇ 40 ° C. through the vessel 205.
  • the NG feed gas drum 201 separates the heavy component that has become liquid and sends it to the lower stage of the scrub column 2.
  • the gas extracted from the top of the scrub column 2 is subjected to a predetermined heat exchange and compression operation, and then boosted to a predetermined pressure by the booster compressor 203 and supplied to the MCHE 3.
  • a booster compressor after cooler 204 composed of AFC 6 is provided at the subsequent stage of the booster compressor 203.
  • the booster compressor after cooler 204 may occupy about 10% to 15% of the large number of AFC 6 shown in FIG. Therefore, by providing the AFC 6 constituting the booster compressor after cooler 204 with the noise reduction mechanism 70, it is possible to reduce the sound pressure level of the noise emitted from the NG liquefier. In this case, the gas extracted from the top of the scrub column 2 becomes the fluid to be cooled.
  • the natural gas processing apparatus using the AFC 6 provided with the noise reduction mechanism 70 is not limited to the example of the NG liquefying apparatus shown in FIG.
  • the scrub column 2 shown in FIG. 8 and its peripheral equipment collect liquid heavier than ethane containing condensate from NG, and gas lighter than methane in the state of gas without liquefaction. It can also be used as an NGL (Natural Gas Gas Liquids) device that is shipped to a customer or consumed as fuel gas in the factory. Even in this case, by providing the noise reduction mechanism 70 in the AFC 6 constituting the aftercooler 204, the sound pressure level of the noise emitted from the NGL device can be reduced.
  • NGL Natural Gas Gas Liquids
  • FIG. 9 shows a group of m AFCs 6 provided in a natural gas processing apparatus, grouped into n units (2 ⁇ n ⁇ m) arranged in a clustered area, for example, six units, and common rectification for each group.
  • the example which provided the duct 64a is shown.
  • a plurality of noise reduction mechanisms 70 are provided in the common rectifying duct 64a.
  • the configuration of the AFC 6 provided in the natural gas processing apparatus is not limited to the suction type examples shown in FIGS.
  • a noise reduction mechanism 70 is also used for an air pushing type AFC 6 a in which a tube bundle 630 is provided on the outlet side of the discharge flow duct 61 and a fan 62 is disposed on the lower side of the tube bundle 630. It is possible to reduce the sound pressure level of noise.
  • the position where the noise reduction mechanism 70 is provided is not limited to the example provided on the tube wall in the middle of the flow path of the rectifying duct 64 as in the example shown in FIG.
  • a noise reduction mechanism 70 may be provided at the outlet of the rectifying duct 64.
  • the noise reduction mechanism 70 may be provided at the outlet of the discharge flow duct 61 where the rectifying duct 64 is not provided.
  • the microphone 71 and the speaker 72 which comprise the noise reduction mechanism 70 are not limited to the case where an integrated module is used, Of course, the mutually independent microphone 71 and the speaker 72 may be arrange

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif de traitement de gaz naturel qui peut réduire un bruit généré par un échangeur de chaleur refroidi à l'air qui refroidit un fluide à refroidir qui est manipulé dans le dispositif de traitement de gaz naturel. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un dispositif de traitement de gaz naturel qui effectue au moins une liquéfaction de gaz naturel ou une séparation et une récupération des composants contenus dans celui-ci. Un échangeur de chaleur refroidi à l'air (6) fournit, par un ventilateur (62), de l'air pour refroidir un fluide destiné à être refroidi s'écoulant dans un tube (63) d'un faisceau de tubes (630). Un mécanisme de réduction de bruit actif (70) détecte, avec une unité de détection sonore (71), des ondes sonores se propageant dans un espace à travers lequel de l'air de refroidissement s'écoule, et émet vers l'espace, avec une unité d'émission de son (72), des ondes sonores pour une réduction de bruit avec une phase inverse aux ondes sonores détectées et avec la même pression sonore et la même longueur d'onde que les ondes sonores détectées.
PCT/JP2016/000306 2016-01-21 2016-01-21 Dispositif de traitement de gaz naturel WO2017125965A1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6360987B1 (ja) * 2017-11-14 2018-07-18 日揮株式会社 天然ガス液化装置、及び天然ガス液化装置の設計方法
WO2020021668A1 (fr) * 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 日揮グローバル株式会社 Appareil de traitement de gaz naturel

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06102885A (ja) * 1992-09-21 1994-04-15 Hitachi Ltd 三次元空間内の能動消音装置
JPH07110143A (ja) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-25 Hitachi Ltd 能動形消音装置を備えた空気調和室外機
JP2002530616A (ja) * 1998-11-18 2002-09-17 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ 天然ガス液化プラント
JP2003294269A (ja) * 2002-04-01 2003-10-15 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd 室外機の配置システム
WO2011052088A1 (fr) * 2009-11-02 2011-05-05 三菱電機株式会社 Système de réduction du bruit, structure de ventilateur équipée de celui-ci et unité d'extérieur de climatiseur

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06102885A (ja) * 1992-09-21 1994-04-15 Hitachi Ltd 三次元空間内の能動消音装置
JPH07110143A (ja) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-25 Hitachi Ltd 能動形消音装置を備えた空気調和室外機
JP2002530616A (ja) * 1998-11-18 2002-09-17 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ 天然ガス液化プラント
JP2003294269A (ja) * 2002-04-01 2003-10-15 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd 室外機の配置システム
WO2011052088A1 (fr) * 2009-11-02 2011-05-05 三菱電機株式会社 Système de réduction du bruit, structure de ventilateur équipée de celui-ci et unité d'extérieur de climatiseur

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6360987B1 (ja) * 2017-11-14 2018-07-18 日揮株式会社 天然ガス液化装置、及び天然ガス液化装置の設計方法
WO2019097571A1 (fr) * 2017-11-14 2019-05-23 日揮株式会社 Dispositif de liquéfaction de gaz naturel, et procédé de conception de dispositif de liquéfaction de gaz naturel
WO2020021668A1 (fr) * 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 日揮グローバル株式会社 Appareil de traitement de gaz naturel

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