WO2017113509A1 - 吡唑类化合物或其盐、制备方法、除草剂组合物及用途 - Google Patents

吡唑类化合物或其盐、制备方法、除草剂组合物及用途 Download PDF

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WO2017113509A1
WO2017113509A1 PCT/CN2016/075578 CN2016075578W WO2017113509A1 WO 2017113509 A1 WO2017113509 A1 WO 2017113509A1 CN 2016075578 W CN2016075578 W CN 2016075578W WO 2017113509 A1 WO2017113509 A1 WO 2017113509A1
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Prior art keywords
compound
group
formula
pyrazole
salt
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PCT/CN2016/075578
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
连磊
征玉荣
何彬
彭学岗
金涛
崔琦
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青岛清原化合物有限公司
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Priority to US15/561,394 priority Critical patent/US10556888B2/en
Priority to CONC2018/0005848A priority patent/CO2018005848A2/es
Priority to CA2980382A priority patent/CA2980382C/en
Priority to EP16880318.7A priority patent/EP3398938B1/en
Priority to RU2018110616A priority patent/RU2688936C1/ru
Priority to UAA201802994A priority patent/UA121253C2/uk
Application filed by 青岛清原化合物有限公司 filed Critical 青岛清原化合物有限公司
Priority to BR112018012921-6A priority patent/BR112018012921B1/pt
Priority to AU2016382562A priority patent/AU2016382562B2/en
Priority to JP2018517441A priority patent/JP6695967B2/ja
Priority to KR1020187017400A priority patent/KR102102067B1/ko
Publication of WO2017113509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113509A1/zh
Priority to PH12017501912A priority patent/PH12017501912B1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/561,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D231/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
    • C07D231/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D231/10Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D231/14Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D231/18One oxygen or sulfur atom
    • C07D231/20One oxygen atom attached in position 3 or 5
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/12Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/14Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a pyrazole compound or a salt thereof, a preparation method, a herbicide composition and use thereof.
  • CN88101455A introduces a series of pyrazole compounds containing a pyrazole ring in the structural formula, but it lacks safety and activity.
  • the present invention synthesizes a class by molecular design and optimization.
  • a pyrazole compound containing at least two pyrazole rings in a novel structure used as a herbicide active component has more outstanding activity and crop safety.
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group
  • R 2 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group
  • R 3 represents a C1-C6 straight or cyclic group containing one or more heteroatoms of O, S, N;
  • R 4 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group or a halogen
  • R 5 represents a pyrazole ring or a pyrazole ring substituted with one or more alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, haloalkyl, amino, nitro groups.
  • the pyrazole compound or a salt thereof is represented by the formula (I'):
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group
  • R 2 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group
  • X represents O, N or S, and X and R 3 ' may form a cyclic structure or a linear structure.
  • R 3 ' represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, and a C3-C6 alkoxy group.
  • X and R 3 ' form a pyrazole ring or a substituted pyrazole ring, a C3-C5 lactam ring or Substituted lactam ring;
  • R 4 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group or a halogen
  • R 5 ' represents a C1-C3 alkyl group
  • R 5 " represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C3 alkyl group, a C1-C3 alkoxy group, a C1-C3 haloalkyl group, a halogen, an amino group or a nitro group; n is 0, 1 or 2, and when n is 2, two R 5 " can be the same or different.
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a cyclopropyl group
  • R 2 represents a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group
  • X represents O, N or S, and X and R 3 ' may form a cyclic structure or a linear structure.
  • R 3 ' represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, and a C3-C6 alkoxy group. alkyl, C2-C4 haloalkyl, C3-C5 alkenyl or C3-C5 alkynyl group; when X is N, X and R 3 'form a substituted pyrazole ring or a pyrazole ring, C3-C5 cycloalkyl or a lactam Substituted lactam ring;
  • R 4 represents a methyl group or a chlorine atom
  • R 5 ' represents methyl, ethyl or isopropyl
  • R 5 " represents a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, difluoromethyl, chloro or bromo; n is 0, 1 or 2, when n is 2, two R 5 ′′ may be the same or different.
  • X represents O or N, and X and R 3 ' may form a cyclic structure or a linear structure.
  • R 3 ' represents methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, methoxy.
  • Halogen means fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
  • Alkyl means a straight-chain alkyl group or a branched alkyl group
  • Haloalkyl means that all or part of a hydrogen atom is replaced by a halogen atom on a linear or branched alkyl group
  • Alkoxy A functional group after an alkyl group is bonded to an oxygen atom.
  • the formula (II') can be obtained by reacting a corresponding carboxylic acid, that is, a compound having the structure of the formula (II-1) with thionyl chloride.
  • a corresponding carboxylic acid that is, a compound having the structure of the formula (II-1)
  • thionyl chloride a compound having the structure of the formula (II-1)
  • the structure represented by the formula (II-1), that is, the structure of pyrazolecarboxylic acid, is represented by the general formula, and such pyrazolecarboxylic acid may be 3-pyrazolecarboxylic acid or substituted 3-pyrazolecarboxylic acid or 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid. Or substituted 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid or 5-pyrazolecarboxylic acid or substituted 5-pyrazolecarboxylic acid.
  • the esterification reaction described in the above reaction formula is carried out in the presence of a solvent, and the solvent used is a solvent inert to the reaction.
  • a solvent is generally an aprotic solvent, and may be a polar solvent or a non-polar solvent.
  • the above esterification reaction needs to be carried out in the presence of an acid-binding agent.
  • the acid-binding agent used is a common base, and may be an inorganic base or an organic base.
  • a carbonate such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate
  • a hydrogencarbonate such as sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate
  • an amine such as dimethylamine, triethylamine, N, N-di.
  • pyridines e.g., pyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine.
  • Triethylamine or potassium carbonate is preferred.
  • the reaction temperature of the above esterification reaction is usually between -10 and 50 ° C, preferably 0 to 20 ° C, and the reaction time is from 0.1 to 12 hours, preferably from 0.5 to 3 hours.
  • the compounds of the present invention may exist in the form of one or more stereoisomers.
  • the various isomers include enantiomers, diastereomers, geometric isomers. It is within the scope of the invention for these isomers to include mixtures of such isomers.
  • a herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidally effective amount of at least one of the pyrazole compound or a salt thereof.
  • the herbicidal composition also includes a formulation aid.
  • a method of controlling a harmful plant which comprises using a herbicidally effective amount of at least one of the pyrazole compound or a salt thereof or the herbicidal composition described above on a plant or a harmful plant area.
  • the compounds of formula (I) of the present invention have outstanding herbicidal activity.
  • the active substances of the present invention are also effective for perennial weeds which grow from rhizomes, rhizomes, or other perennial organs and are difficult to control. In this regard, it is generally not important to use the substance before, before, or after germination. Particular mention is made of representative examples of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed populations which can be controlled by the compounds of the invention, without limiting the identified species.
  • weed species in which the active substance is effective include monocotyledons: annual oats, rye, grasses, maiden, ferraris, medlar, genus, foxtail, and sedge, and perennial ice. Genus, Bermudagrass, Rhizoma and sorghum, and perennial sedge.
  • dicotyledonous weed species species whose effects can be extended to, for example, the annual genus Polyporus, Amaranth, Pomna, Wild Sesame, Stellaria, Amaranthus, White Mustard, Ipomoea, and Yellow Flower Genus, Matricaria and genus, and perennial weeds, genus, genus and genus.
  • the active substance of the present invention effectively controls harmful plants under the conditions of rice sowing, such as cockroaches, genus, genus, genus, genus, cane, and sedge.
  • the compound of the invention is before germination Apply to the soil surface to completely prevent weed seedlings before weeds grow, or stop growing when weeds grow cotyledons, and finally die completely after three to four weeks.
  • the compound of the present invention is particularly resistant to the following plants, and is active in the following plants, such as Apila, Xiaoye Sesame, Rolling Stalk, Poria, Ivy, Herba, Arabian, Pansy, Pansy, Poria and Kochia. .
  • the compounds of the present invention have excellent herbicidal activity against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds, there is no damage to important economic crop plants such as wheat, barley, rye, rice, corn, sugar beet, cotton and soybean. Or the damage is trivial. In particular, it is well compatible with cereal crops such as wheat, barley and corn, especially wheat. Thus, the compounds of the invention are highly suitable for the selective control of unwanted plants in agricultural or ornamental plants.
  • Transgenic plants Due to their herbicidal nature, these active substances can be used to control harmful plants in genetically engineered plant cultivation that is known or to be present.
  • Transgenic plants generally have superior traits, such as resistance to specific insecticides, particularly specific herbicides, resistance to pathogenic microorganisms of plant diseases or plant diseases, such as specific insect or fungal, bacterial or viral microorganisms.
  • Other specific traits are related to the following conditions of the product, such as quantity, quality, storage stability, composition and specific ingredients.
  • the obtained transgenic plant product has an increased starch content or an improved starch quality or a different fatty acid composition.
  • the compound of the formula (I) of the present invention or a salt thereof is preferably used for economically important transgenic crops and ornamental plants such as cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, millet, rice, cassava and corn, or for Cultivation of sugar beets, cotton, soybeans, rapeseed, potatoes, tomatoes, peas and other vegetable plants.
  • the compounds of formula (I) are preferably used as herbicides for the cultivation of useful plants which are resistant or resistant to the toxic effects of herbicides by genetic engineering.
  • glufosinate herbicides eg EP-0242236 A, EP-0242246 A
  • glyphosate herbicides WO 92/00377)
  • a sulfonylurea herbicide EP-0257993 A, US-5013659 A
  • transgenic crop plant such as cotton which is capable of producing a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin (Bt toxin) which protects against damage by a particular pest (EP-0142924 A, EP-0193259 A);
  • Plant cells of the activity-reducing gene product can be prepared by, for example, expressing at least one appropriate antisense-RNA, sense-RNA to achieve co-suppression, or by expressing at least one appropriately constructed ribozyme, It specifically cleaves the transcription product of the above gene product.
  • DNA molecules comprising the entire coding sequence of the gene product, including any flanking sequences that may be present, and the use of DNA molecules comprising only a portion of the coding sequence, which must be sufficiently long to achieve antisense in the cell Effect. Sequences that are highly homologous but not identical to the gene product coding sequence can also be used.
  • the synthesized protein can be localized in any desired plant cell compartment.
  • the synthesized protein can be localized in any desired plant cell compartment.
  • These sequences are known to those skilled in the art (see, for example, Braun et al, EMBO J. 11 (1992) 3219-3227; Wolter et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85 (1988), 846-850; Sonnewald et al. Plant J. 1 (1991), 95-106).
  • Transgenic plant cells can be recombined into whole plants using known techniques.
  • the control can be improved or expanded.
  • the range of weeds, the application rate at the time of application is preferably a combination of the resistance of the transgenic crops and the performance of the herbicide, and the effects of the growth and yield of the transgenic crop plants.
  • the invention therefore also provides the use of said compounds as herbicides to control harmful plants in plants of transgenic crops.
  • the compounds of the invention can significantly modulate the growth of crop plants. By modulating the involvement of plant metabolism, these compounds are used to orient the components of the plant and promote harvesting, such as drying and dwarfing the plants. Moreover, they are also suitable for regulating and inhibiting unwanted plant growth without destroying the growth of the crop. Inhibition of plant growth plays a very important role in many monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crops, as this reduces or completely prevents lodging.
  • the compound of the present invention can be applied using a general formulation, and a wettable powder, a concentrated emulsion, a sprayable solution, a powder or granules can be used.
  • a herbicidal composition comprising a compound of formula (I).
  • the compounds of formula (I) can be formulated in a variety of ways, depending on the usual biological and/or chemical physical parameters.
  • wettability Powder WP
  • water-soluble powder SP
  • water-soluble concentrate concentrated emulsion
  • EC emulsion
  • sprayable solution suspension concentrate
  • suspension concentrate such as oil dispersed in water and water dispersed in oil (SC), dispersible oil suspension (OD), oil or water diluent, solution of miscible oil, powder (DP), capsule suspension (CS), seed dressing composition Granules, sprayed granules, coated granules and absorbent granules for spreading and soil application, dispersible granules in water (WG), water soluble granules (SG), ULV (ultra low volume) formulations, microcapsules and waxes product.
  • WP wettability Powder
  • SP water-soluble powder
  • EC concentrated emulsion
  • EW emulsion
  • sprayable solution suspension concentrate
  • suspension concentrate such as oil dispersed in water and water dispersed in oil (SC), dispersible oil suspension (OD), oil or water diluent,
  • Wettable powders can be uniformly dispersed in water, in addition to active substances, including diluents or inert substances, ionic and nonionic surfactants (wetting agents, dispersing agents), such as polyethoxylated alkylphenols, poly Ethoxylated fatty alcohol, polyoxyethyl aliphatic amine, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl phenyl sulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate, 2, 2'- dinaphthylmethane Sodium 6,6'-disulfonate, sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate or sodium oleoylmethyltaurate.
  • the herbicide active substance is finely ground, for example, using a conventional apparatus such as a hammer mill, a fan mill and a jet mill, and an auxiliary agent is simultaneously or sequentially mixed.
  • a concentrated emulsion such as butanol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, xylene or a higher boiling aromatic compound or a mixture of hydrocarbons or solvents, and adding one more One or more ionic and/or nonionic surfactants (emulsifiers).
  • emulsifiers which can be used are, for example, calcium alkylaryl sulfonates of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, or nonionic emulsifiers such as fatty acid polyglycol esters, alkyl aromatic polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohols Polyglycol ether, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide condensation product, alkyl polyether, sorbitan ester such as sorbitan fatty acid ester, or polyoxyethylene sorbent such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty ester A glycan ester.
  • nonionic emulsifiers such as fatty acid polyglycol esters, alkyl aromatic polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohols Polyglycol ether, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide condensation product, alkyl polyether, sorbitan ester such as sorbitan fatty acid ester, or polyoxyethylene sorbent such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty ester A gly
  • the active substance and the finely divided solid matter are ground to obtain a powder, a solid substance such as talc, a natural clay such as kaolin, bentonite and pyrophyllite, or diatomaceous earth.
  • a water or oil based suspension can be prepared by, for example, wet milling using a commercially available bead mill with or without the addition of a surfactant of the other formulation type described above.
  • an aqueous organic solvent may be used, using a stirrer, a colloid mill and/or a static mixer, and if necessary, a surfactant of another formulation type as described above may be added.
  • the granules are prepared by spraying the active material onto the adsorbate, granulating with an inert material, or concentrating the active material onto the surface of, for example, a sand or kaolinite carrier, granulating the inert material by a binder, and adhering Mixtures such as polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate or mineral oil.
  • Suitable actives can be plasmidized by the method of preparing fertilizer granules, and if necessary, fertilizer can be mixed.
  • the water-suspended granules are prepared by a usual method such as spray-drying, fluidized bed granulation, disc granulation, mixing using a high speed mixer, and extrusion without a solid inert material.
  • the agrochemical formulations generally comprise from 0.1 to 99% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 95%, of the active substance of formula (I).
  • the concentration of the active substance in the wettable powder is, for example, from about 10 to 99% by weight, and the usual formulation components constitute the remaining amount by weight to 100%.
  • the concentration of the active substance in the concentrated emulsion may range from about 1 to 90%, preferably from 5 to 80% by weight.
  • the powder formulation comprises from 1 to 30% by weight of active substance, usually from 5 to 20% by weight of active substance, whereas the sprayable solution comprises from about 0.05 to 80%, preferably from 2 to 50% by weight of active substance. .
  • the content of the active material in the water-suspended granules mainly depending on whether the active material is liquid or solid, and auxiliaries, fillers and the like used in granulation.
  • the content of the active substance in the aqueous suspension granules is, for example, between 1 and 95% by weight, preferably between 10 and 80% by weight.
  • the preparation of the active substance may include a tackifier, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, an emulsifier, a penetrating agent, a preservative, an antifreezing agent, a solvent, a filler, a carrier, a coloring agent, an antifoaming agent, an evaporation inhibitor, and pH and viscosity modifiers commonly used in all cases.
  • insecticide active substances such as insecticides, acaricides, herbicides and fungicides, or with safeners, fertilizers and/or plant growth regulators.
  • safeners for premixed or filled mix.
  • Suitable active substances which can be mixed with the active substance of the present invention in a mixed preparation or a tank mix are, for example, "World Pesticide New Variety Technology Encyclopedia", China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2010.9 and the literature cited herein.
  • the herbicide active substance mentioned below may be mixed with the mixture of the formula (I) (Note: the name of the compound, or a common name according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), or a chemical name, with a code when appropriate): Acetochlor, butachlor, alachlor, propisochlor, metolachlor, rimolachlor, pretilachlor, chlorfenapyr, acetochlor, naproxil, R-left-handed Naproxil, dipivoxil, phenothanil, dibenzoylamine, piracetamide, herbicide, flufenic acid, bromobutyramide, dimethoprim, high efficiency Methiizil, acetophene, flufenacet, methoxy
  • the commercially available formulations are diluted in a conventional manner, for example, in wettable powders, concentrated emulsions, suspensions, and granules suspended in water, diluted with water.
  • Granules for granules or soil application or sprayed and sprayed solutions are generally not required to be further diluted with inert materials prior to use.
  • the amount of the compound of the formula (I) required varies depending on external conditions, such as temperature, humidity, the nature of the herbicide used, and the like. It can have a large range of variation, for example between 0.001 and 1.0 kg/ha, or more active substance, but preferably between 0.005 and 750 g/ha, in particular between 0.005 and 250 g/ha.
  • Examples 2 to 13 respectively illustrate the synthesis of Compound 02 to Compound 13 in Table 1, which is similar to Example 1, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 15 to 22 respectively illustrate the synthesis of the compound 15 to the compound 22 in Table 1, which is similar to the embodiment 14, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Example 24 illustrates the synthesis of Compound 24 in Table 1, which is similar to Example 23 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Example 25
  • Examples 26 to 53 illustrate the synthesis of compounds 26 to 53 in Table 1, which are similar to Example 25 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 55 to 59 illustrate the synthesis of compounds 55 to 59 in Table 1, which are similar to Example 54 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 61 to 75 illustrate the synthesis of compounds 61 to 75 in Table 1, which are similar to Example 60 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 77 to 81 illustrate the synthesis of compounds 77 to 81 in Table 1, which are similar to Example 76 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 83 to 87 illustrate the synthesis of the compound 83 to the compound 87 in Table 1, which is similar to the embodiment 82 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 89 to 95 illustrate the synthesis of compounds 89 to 95 in Table 1, which are similar to Example 88 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 97 to 101 illustrate the synthesis of compounds 97 to 101 in Table 1, which are similar to Example 96 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 103 to 104 illustrate the synthesis of the compound 103 to the compound 104 in Table 1, which is similar to the embodiment 102 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Examples 106 to 107 illustrate the synthesis of compounds 106 to 107 in Table 1, which are similar to Example 105 and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the activity level criteria for harmful plant damage are as follows:
  • Grade 9 growth control rate is above 90%
  • Level 6 The growth control rate is above 60%
  • Level 4 The growth control rate is above 30%
  • Level 1 The growth control rate is above 1-10%
  • the above growth control rate is the fresh weight control rate.
  • Post-emergence test Place monocotyledonous and dicotyledon weed seeds and main crop seeds (wheat, corn, rice, soybean, cotton, canola, millet, sorghum) in a plastic pot containing soil, then cover 0.5-2 Cm soil, so that it grows in a good greenhouse environment, after 2-3 weeks of sowing, the test plants are treated in the 2-3 leaf stage, and the compound of the present invention is dissolved in acetone, and then Tween 80 is added, with a certain amount. The water is diluted to a concentration of the solution and sprayed onto the plants using a spray tower. After the application, the cells were cultured for 3 weeks in the greenhouse, and the experimental effects of the weeds after 3 weeks are shown in Table 2.
  • the compound of the present invention to be tested was dissolved in acetone, and then Tween 80 was added thereto, and diluted to a certain concentration with a certain amount of water, and sprayed immediately after sowing. After the application, the cells were cultured for 4 weeks in the greenhouse, and after 3 weeks, the results of the experiment were observed, and it was found that most of the agents of the present invention were excellent in the measurement at 250 g/ha, especially for weeds such as valerian, horse pond, and ramie. Many compounds have good selectivity for corn, wheat, rice, soybean, and rape.
  • the paddy soil After filling the paddy soil in a 1/1,000,000 hectare tank, seeds of valerian, flamingo, wolf grass, and wild sage were planted, and the soil was gently covered thereon. Thereafter, it was placed in a greenhouse at a depth of 0.5 to 1 cm, and the tubers of the wild sage were implanted the next day or two days later. Thereafter, the water retention depth is 3-4 cm, and the wettability of the compound of the present invention is prepared according to the usual preparation method at the time when the grass, the firefly, the wolf grass reaches 0.5 leaf, and the wild sage reaches the primary leaf stage. A water dilution of a powder or a suspension is uniformly dripped with a pipette to achieve a prescribed amount of active ingredient.
  • the transplanting depth was 3 cm to transplant the rice (japan) in the 3 leaf stage.
  • the compound of the present invention was treated in the same manner as above on the fifth day after transplantation.
  • valerian, sputum and ragweed were collected from Heilongjiang and Jiangsu, China, and tested for resistance to conventional doses of pyrazosulfuron.
  • Control compound A Control Compound B:
  • control compounds were all from the compounds described in patent CN88101455A.
  • Post-emergence test placing monocotyledonous weeds and corn seeds in plastic pots filled with soil, then covering 0.5-2 cm of soil to grow in a good greenhouse environment, 4-6 weeks after sowing in 5-6 leaf stage
  • the test plants were treated, and the tested compounds of the present invention were each dissolved in acetone, then Tween 80 was added, diluted with a certain amount of water to a certain concentration, and sprayed onto the plants using a spray tower.
  • the test dose was: 15 g/ha; the observation time was 25 days after application.
  • Control compound A 6 7 7 1 Compound 29 10 8 9 0
  • the compounds of the present invention are significantly superior to the control compounds in herbicidal activity and safety.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种吡唑类化合物或其盐、制备方法、除草剂组合物及用途。一种具有式(I)结构的吡唑类化合物或其盐:式(I)中,R1代表氢原子或C1-C4烷基;R2代表C1-C3烷基;R3代表含O、S、N中一个或多个杂原子的C1-C6直链或环状基团;R4代表C1-C3烷基或卤素;R5代表吡唑环或被一个或者多个烷基、烷氧基、卤素、卤代烷基、氨基、硝基取代的吡唑环。所述吡唑类化合物是良好的除草剂,具有广谱生物活性和突出的作物安全性。

Description

吡唑类化合物或其盐、制备方法、除草剂组合物及用途 技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种吡唑类化合物或其盐、制备方法、除草剂组合物及用途。
技术背景
杂草的防治是实现高效农业过程中一个至关重要的环节,尽管市场上的除草剂种类多样,但由于市场的不断扩大、杂草的抗性、药物的使用寿命以及药物的经济性等问题以及人们对环境的日益重视,需要科学家们不断研究进而开发出新的高效、安全、经济以及具有不同作用方式的除草剂品种。其中,吡唑类除草剂研究很多,比如CN88101455A介绍了一系列结构通式中包含一个吡唑环的吡唑类化合物,但其在安全性和活性上有所欠缺。
发明内容
为设计并合成出药性更高、活性谱更广、安全性更好的除草剂化合物,在对吡唑类除草剂化合物的研究基础之上,通过分子设计和优化,本发明合成了一类可用作除草剂活性组分的新颖的结构中至少含有两个吡唑环的吡唑类化合物,具有更突出的活性和作物安全性。
为达到上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种具有式(I)结构的吡唑类化合物或其盐:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000001
式(I)中,
R1代表氢原子或C1-C4烷基;
R2代表C1-C3烷基;
R3代表含O、S、N中一个或多个杂原子的C1-C6直链或环状基团;
R4代表C1-C3烷基或卤素;
R5代表吡唑环或被一个或者多个烷基、烷氧基、卤素、卤代烷基、氨基、硝基取代的吡唑环。
作为优选地,所述吡唑类化合物或其盐结构如式(I’)所示:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000002
式(I’)中,
R1代表氢原子或C1-C4烷基;
R2代表C1-C3烷基;
X代表O、N或S,X与R3’可以形成环状结构,也可以形成直链结构,当X为O或S时,R3’代表C1-C6烷基,C3-C6烷氧基烷基,C2-C6卤代烷基,C3-C6烯基或C3-C6炔基;当X为N时,X与R3’形成吡唑环或者取代的吡唑环,C3-C5内酰胺环或者取代的内酰胺环;
R4代表C1-C3烷基或卤素;
R5’代表C1-C3烷基;
R5”代表氢原子,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3卤代烷基,卤素,氨基或硝基;n是0、1或2,当n为2时,两个R5”可以相同也可以不同。
更优选地,R1代表氢原子,甲基,乙基或环丙基;
R2代表甲基,乙基或异丙基;
X代表O、N或S,X与R3’可以形成环状结构,也可以成直链结构,当X为O或S时,R3’代表C1-C6烷基,C3-C6烷氧基烷基,C2-C4卤代烷基,C3-C5烯基或C3-C5炔基;当X为N时,X与R3’形成吡唑环或者取代的吡唑环,C3-C5内酰胺环或者取代的内酰胺环;
R4代表甲基或者氯原子;
R5’代表甲基,乙基或异丙基;
R5”代表氢原子,甲基,乙基,异丙基,甲氧基,乙氧基,二氟甲基,氯或溴;n是0、1或2,当n为2时,两个R5”可以相同也可以不同。
最优选地,X代表O或N,X与R3’可以形成环状结构,也可以成直链结构,当X为O时,R3’代表甲基,乙基,正丁基,甲氧基乙基,乙氧基乙基,甲氧基异丙基,甲氧基正丙基,2,2-二氟乙基,2,2,2-三氟乙基,1,1,2,2-四氟丙基,炔丙基,2-烯丁基或四氢糠基;当X为N时,X与R3’形成吡唑,3-甲基吡唑,4-甲基吡唑,3,5-二甲基吡唑,4-氯吡唑或吡咯烷酮。
在上述化合物式(I)的定义中,所用专业术语不论单独使用或者使用在复合词中,代表如下取代基:
卤素:指氟、氯、溴、碘;
烷基:指直链烷基或者支链烷基;
卤代烷基:指在直链或支链烷基上,所有或者部分氢原子被卤素原子取代;
烷氧基:指烷基与氧原子连结后的官能团。
一种制备所述式(I)吡唑类化合物或其盐的方法,使具有式(II)结构的化合物与具有式(III)结构的化合物通过酯化反应获得,
其中,具有式(II)结构的化合物如下:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000003
具有式(III)结构的化合物如下:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000004
具体的反应通式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000005
一种制备所述式(I’)吡唑类化合物或其盐的方法,使具有式(II’)结构的化合物与具有式(III’)结构的化合物通过酯化反应获得,
其中,具有式(II’)结构的化合物如下:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000006
具有式(III’)结构的化合物如下:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000007
具体的反应通式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000008
式(II’)可由相应的羧酸即具有式(II-1)结构的化合物与氯化亚砜反应制备而得。具有式(II-1)结构的化合物如下:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000009
式(II-1)所示的结构即吡唑甲酸的结构,由其通式表明,这样的吡唑羧酸可以是3-吡唑甲酸或取代的3-吡唑甲酸、4-吡唑甲酸或取代的4-吡唑甲酸或者是5-吡唑甲酸或取代的5-吡唑甲酸。
上述反应通式中所述的酯化反应需要在溶剂存在的条件下进行,所用的溶剂为对该反应惰性的溶剂。作为这样的溶剂,一般为非质子性溶剂,可以是极性溶剂,也可以是非极性溶剂。如乙腈,甲苯,二甲苯,二氯甲烷,二氯乙烷,四氢呋喃,丙酮等。优选乙腈或二氯甲烷。
上述酯化反应需要在有缚酸剂存在的条件下进行。所用缚酸剂为常见的碱,可以是无机碱,也可以是有机碱。作为这样的碱,可以从碳酸盐(如碳酸钠,碳酸钾),碳酸氢盐(如碳酸氢钠,碳酸氢钾),胺类(如二甲胺,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺),吡啶类(如吡啶,4-二甲氨基吡啶)中适当地选择一个或者多个使用。优选三乙胺或碳酸钾。
上述酯化反应的反应温度一般在-10—50℃之间,优选0—20℃,反应时间为0.1—12小时,优选0.5—3小时。
本发明涉及的化合物可以以一种或者多种立体异构体的形式存在。各种异构体包括对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体。这些异构体包括这些异构体的混合物均在本发明的范围内。
一种除草剂组合物,其包括除草有效量的所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐中的至少一种。
所述除草剂组合物还包括制剂助剂。
一种控制有害植物的方法,其包括将除草有效量的所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐中的至少一种或所述的除草剂组合物使用在植物上或者有害植物区域。
如所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐中的至少一种或所述的除草剂组合物在控制有害植物上的用途,优选地,将所述的吡唑酮类化合物或其盐用于防除有用作物中的有害植物,所述有用作物为转基因作物或者基因组编辑技术处理过的作物。
对于许多经济上重要的单子叶和双子叶有害植物,本发明的式(I)化合物具有突出的除莠活性。本发明的活性物质也对于多年生杂草有效,这些杂草从根茎、根状茎、或其它的多年生的器官上生长出来,很难控制。关于这点,是否在播种前、萌发前或萌发后使用该物质一般不重要。特别提及本发明化合物可以控制的单子叶和双子叶杂草群的代表例子,没有限制到的确定的物种。活性物质有效作用的杂草物种的例子包括单子叶植物:一年生燕麦属、黑麦、草属、看麦娘属、法拉里斯、稗、马唐属、狗尾草属和莎草属,和多年生的冰草属、狗牙根属、白茅属和高粱属、以及多年生的莎草属。
关于双子叶杂草物种,其作用可以扩展到的物种例如一年生的猪殃殃属、堇菜属、婆婆纳属、野芝麻属、繁缕属、苋属、白芥属、番薯属、黄花稔属、母菊属和苘麻属,和多年生杂草旋花属、蓟属、酸模属和艾属。本发明活性物质在水稻播种这种待定条件下有效控制有害植物,例如稗、慈姑属、泽泻属、荸荠属、蔗草和莎草属。如果将本发明化合物在萌芽前 施用于土壤表面,可以在杂草长出前完全预防杂草的秧苗,或在杂草长出子叶时就停止生长,最后在三到四星期之后完全死亡。本发明化合物特别抗下述植物的活性优良,阿皮拉草、小野芝麻、卷茎蓼、繁缕、长春藤叶婆婆纳、阿拉伯婆婆纳、三色堇和苋、猪殃殃属和地肤。
虽然本发明化合物对于单子叶和双子叶的杂草具有优良的除莠活性,但对于重要的经济类作物植物,例如小麦、大麦、黑麦、稻子、玉米、甜菜、棉花和大豆却根本没有损害,或者是损害是微不足道的。特别是和谷类作物相容得很好,例如小麦、大麦和玉米,特别是小麦。因此,本发明化合物非常适于有选择地控制在农用作物或观赏植物中的无用植物。
由于它们的除莠性质,在已知或将要出现的遗传工程的植物耕种中,这些活性物质可以用于控制有害植物。转基因植物通常具有优越的性状,例如对特定杀虫剂特别是特定除草剂的抵抗力,对植物病害或植物病害的致病微生物的抵抗力,例如特定的昆虫或真菌、细菌或病毒的微生物。其它的特别性状与产品的下述条件有关,例如,数量、质量、贮存稳定性、组分和特殊的成分。如此,已经知道获得的转基因植物产品具有增加的淀粉含量或改进的淀粉质量或不同的脂肪酸成份。
本发明的式(I)化合物或其盐优选用于,经济上重要的转基因的作物和观赏植物,例如谷类,例如小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、粟、稻子、木薯和玉米、或用于甜菜、棉花、大豆、油菜籽、马铃薯、番茄、豌豆及其他蔬菜类植物的耕种。式(I)化合物优选用于有用植物耕种的除草剂,这些植物具有抗药性或通过遗传工程对除草剂的毒害作用具有抗药性。
传统的繁育具有比已知植物具有改进形状植物的方法包括,例如传统的交配方法和突变株繁育。换句话说,可以借助于遗传工程的方法(参见,例如EP-0221044 A,EP-0131624 A)来得到具有改进性状的新植物。例如,已经描述了几个方法:
-为了改进植物中的淀粉合成,利用遗传工程改变作物植物(例如WO 92/11376,WO 92/14827,WO 91/19806);
-对特定的除草剂具有抗性的转基因作物植物,对草丁膦(草铵膦)除草剂(例如EP-0242236 A,EP-0242246 A)或对草甘膦类除草剂(WO 92/00377),或对磺酰脲类除草剂(EP-0257993 A,US-5013659 A);
-例如棉花的转基因作物植物,它能够产生苏芸金杆菌毒素(Bt毒素),这种毒素可以防御特定害虫对植物的侵害(EP-0142924 A,EP-0193259 A);
-具有改进的脂肪酸成份的转基因作物植物(WO91/13972)。
已经知道许多能够制备具有改进性状转基因植物分子生物技术(参见,例如Sambrook等,1989,分子扩增,实验手册第二版,美国冷泉港实验室出版,冷泉港,纽约;或Winnacker“Gene und Klone”[基因和克隆],VCH Weinheim,第二版1996或Christou,“植物科学的趋势” 1(1996)423-431))。为了实现遗传工程的操作,可能将核酸分子引入质粒,通过DNA序列的重组,发生突变或序列改变。利用上述的标准方法,例如可以交换底物、除去部分序列或增加自然的或合成的序列。为了将DNA片段互相连接,有可能在片段上附带有结合体或连接体。
可以用下述方法制备降低活性的基因产品的植物细胞,例如通过表达至少一种适当的反义-RNA、正义-RNA来达到共抑制的效果,或通过表达至少一种适当构造的核糖酶,它特定裂解上述基因产品的转录产物。
为此目的,有可能使用包含基因产物全部编码序列的DNA分子,包括有可能存在的任何旁侧序列,和使用包含仅仅一部分编码序列的DNA分子,这些部分必须足够长以达到在细胞中反义的效果。也可以使用与基因产物编码序列具有高度同源性但不完全相同的序列。
当在植物中表达核酸分子时,合成的蛋白质可以在任何期望的植物细胞室中定位。然而为了在特定的室定位,有可能例如将编码区和DNA序列连接,以确保在特定位置定位。这些序列为本领域所属技术人员已知的(参见,例如Braun等,EMBO J.11(1992)3219-3227;Wolter等,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 85(1988),846-850;Sonnewald等Plant J.1(1991),95-106)。
利用已知的技术可以将转基因植物细胞重组到整个植物上。转基因植物可以为任何期望的植物品种,即单子叶和双子叶植物。用这样的方式,通过超表达、禁止或抑制同源(=自然的)基因或基因序列,或通过异种的(=外部的)基因或者基因序列的表达,有可能获得改进性状的转基因植物。
当在转基因的作物上使用本发明的活性物质时,除了具有在其它作物上可观察到的抑制有害植物的效果外,经常在相应的转基因作物上会有特殊的效果,例如可以改进或扩大控制杂草的范围,改进应用时的施用量,优选转基因作物的抗药性和除草剂的性能很好的结合,并且转基因的作物植物的生长和产率的影响。因此本发明也提供了所述化合物的用途,作为除草剂控制转基因作物植物中的有害植物。
另外本发明化合物可以明显调节作物植物的生长。通过调节参与植物代谢,使用这些化合物定向控制植物的组分和促进收获,例如使植物干化和矮化生长。而且它们也适于调节和抑制不希望的植物生长,而不破坏作物的生长。抑制植物的生长在许多单子叶植物和双子叶植物作物中起着非常重要的作用,因为这样可以减少或完全预防倒伏。
可以使用一般的制剂来应用本发明的化合物,可使用可湿性粉剂、浓缩乳剂、可喷洒的溶液、粉末或颗粒。这样本发明也提供了包括式(I)化合物的除草剂组合物。根据通常的生物学和/或化学的物理参数,可以用多种方式配制式(I)化合物。适合的制剂选择实例为:可湿性 粉剂(WP)、水溶性的粉末(SP)、水溶性的浓缩物、浓缩乳剂(EC)、例如油在水中分散和水在油中分散的乳剂(EW)、可喷洒溶液、悬浮剂浓缩物(SC)、可分散油悬浮剂(OD)、以油或水为稀释剂的悬浮液、可混溶油的溶液、粉末(DP)、胶囊悬浮液(CS)、包核(seeddressing)组合物、用于撒播和土壤施药的颗粒、喷射颗粒、涂覆颗粒和吸收颗粒,水中可分散的颗粒(WG)、水溶性的颗粒(SG)、ULV(超低容量)配方、微囊和蜡制品。这些单个的制剂类型为已知的,在下述文献中有描述,例如Winnacker-Küchler,“Chemische Techonologie”[化学工艺],第7卷,C.Hauser Verlag Munich,第4版1986;Wade van Valkenburg,“Pesticide Formulations”,Marcel Dekker,N.Y.,1973;K.Martens,“Spray Drying”手册,第3版1979,G.Goodwin Ltd.London。
必要的制剂助剂,例如惰性物质、表面活性剂、溶剂及其它添加剂同样为已知的,并在下述文件中描述,例如Watkins的“粉末稀释剂杀虫剂和载体手册”,第二版,Darland书Caldwell N.J.;H.v.01phen“粘土胶体化学的入门”,第二版,J.Wiley和Sons,N.Y.;C.Marsden的“溶剂指南”第二版,Interscience,N.Y.1963;McCutcheon的“洗涤剂和乳化剂年报”,MC发行公司,Ridgewood N.J.;Sisley和Wood,“表面活性剂百科全书”,化学出版公司,N.Y.1964;
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000011
[环氧乙烷加成物表面活性剂],Wiss.Verlagagesell.Stuttgart 1976;Winnacker-Küchler的“Chemische Technologie”[化学工艺],第7卷,C.Hauser Verlag Munich,第4版1986。
可湿性粉剂能均匀地可分散在水中,除了活性物质,还包括稀释剂或惰性物质、离子和非离子型表面活性剂(润湿剂、分散剂),例如聚乙氧基烷基酚、聚乙氧基脂肪醇、聚氧乙基脂肪族胺、脂肪醇聚二醇醚硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐、烷基苯基磺酸盐、木质磺酸钠、2,2’-二萘甲烷-6,6’-二磺酸钠、二丁基萘磺酸钠或油酰甲基牛磺酸钠。为了制备可湿性粉剂,将除草剂的活性物质细磨,例如使用常用的仪器,如用锤磨机、风扇磨碎机和喷气式磨碎机,同时或顺序混入助剂。
将活性物质溶解在有机溶剂中制备浓缩乳剂,溶剂例如丁醇、环己酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲苯或较高沸点的芳族化合物或碳氢化合物或溶剂的混合物,并再加入一种或多种离子的和/或非离子型表面活性剂(乳化剂)。可以使用的乳化剂的例子为例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙的烷基芳基磺酸钙,或非离子乳化剂,例如脂肪酸聚二醇酯、烷基芳香基聚二醇醚、脂肪醇聚二醇醚、氧化丙烯-环氧乙烷缩合产物、烷基聚醚、例如山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯的山梨聚糖酯,或例如聚氧化乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酯的聚氧化乙烯山梨聚糖酯。
将活性物质和细碎的固态物质研磨得到粉末,固态物质例如滑石、如高岭土、皂土和叶蜡石的天然粘土、或硅藻土。以水或油为基底的悬浮液可以通过下述方法制备,例如利用商业上通用的玻珠研磨机进行湿磨,加入或不加入上述另一个制剂类型的表面活性剂。
制备例如水包油乳化剂(EW)的乳剂,可以使用含水的有机溶剂,使用搅拌器、胶体研磨器和/或静态混合器,如果需要,加入如上所述另一个制剂类型的表面活性剂。
用下述方法制备颗粒剂,将活性物质喷到吸附物上,使用惰性物料颗粒化,或将活性物质浓缩到例如沙、高岭石载体的表面,通过粘合剂将惰性物料粒化,粘合剂例如聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠或矿物油。可以用制备肥料颗粒剂的方法将合适的活性物质粒化,如果需要可以混有肥料。使用通常的方法制备水悬浮颗粒剂,例如喷洒-干燥,流化床造粒、磨盘造粒、使用高速混合机混合,并在无固体惰性物料的情况下挤压。
关于使用磨盘、流化床、挤压机和喷涂颗粒剂的制备方法,参见下述工艺,例如“Spray Drying手册”第三版1979,G.Goodwin有限公司,伦敦;J.E.Browning,“Agglomeration”,化学和工程1967,147ff页;“Perry’s化学的工程师手册”,第五版,McGraw-Hill,纽约1973,8-57页。如果要知道关于作物保护产品的制剂,参见例如,G.C.Klingman,“Weed Control as a Science”,John Wiley和Sons公司,纽约,196181-96页和J.D.Freyer,S.A.Evans“杂草防除手册”,第五版,Blackwell Scientific Rublications,牛津大学1968,101-103页。
农用化学品制剂通常包含按重量计0.1到99%,特别是0.1到95%的活性物质式(I)。可湿性粉剂中活性物质的浓度为,按重量计例如从大约10到99%,通常的制剂组分构成按重量计剩余量到100%。活性物质在浓缩乳剂中的浓度按重量计可以为大约1到90%,优选5到80%。粉末制剂包含按重量计1到30%的活性物质,通常优选按重量计5到20%的活性物质,然而可喷洒的溶液包含按重量计大约0.05到80%,优选2到50%的活性物质。关于水悬浮颗粒剂中活性物质的含量,主要根据活性物质为液体还是固态,和造粒时使用的助剂、填料等等。水悬浮颗粒剂中活性物质的含量例如按重量计在1到95%之间,优选按重量计在10到80%之间。
另外所述的活性物质的制剂可以包括增粘剂、润湿剂、分散剂、乳化剂、渗透剂、防腐剂、防冻剂、溶剂、填料、载体、着色剂、消泡剂、蒸发抑制剂和通常在所有情况下都常用的pH和粘度调节剂。
以这些制剂为基础,也可能和其他杀虫剂活性物质例如杀虫剂、杀螨剂、除草剂和杀菌剂混合,也可以和安全剂、肥料和/或植物生长调节剂混合,混合方式可以为预先混合好的或灌装混合。
在混配制剂或桶混制剂中,可以和本发明的活性物质混合的合适的活性物质为,例如《世界农药新品种技术大全》,中国农业科学技术出版社,2010.9和这里引用的文献中的已知物质。例如以下提到的除草剂活性物质可以和式(I)混合物混合,(备注:化合物的名称,或者为根据国际标准化组织(ISO)的普通名称,或者为化学名称,适当的时候有代号):乙草胺、丁草胺、甲草胺、异丙草胺、异丙甲草胺、精异丙甲草胺、丙草胺、毒草胺、克草胺、萘丙酰草胺、R-左旋萘丙酰草胺、敌稗、苯噻酰草胺、双苯酰草胺、吡氟酰草胺、杀草胺、氟丁酰草胺、溴丁酰草胺、二甲噻草胺、高效二甲噻草胺、乙氧苯草胺、氟噻草胺、甲氧噻草胺、吡草胺、异恶草胺、高效麦草伏甲酯、高效麦草伏丙酯、二丙烯草胺、烯草胺、丁酰草胺、环丙草胺、氟磺酰草胺、庚酰草胺、异丁草胺、丙炔草胺、特丁草胺、二甲苯草胺、二甲草胺、落草胺、三甲环草胺、氯甲酰草胺、炔苯酰草胺、戊酰苯草胺、卡草胺、新燕灵、三环赛草胺、丁烯草胺、牧草胺、苄草胺、醌萍胺、苯氟磺胺、萘丙胺、乙酰甲草胺、萘草胺、噻草胺、吡氰草胺、苯草多克死、草克乐、氯酞亚胺、丁脒胺、氟吡草胺、莠去津、西玛津、扑草净、氰草净、西草净、莠灭净、扑灭津、异丙净、氟草净、特丁净、特丁津、三嗪氟草胺、环丙津、甘扑津、草达津、扑灭通、西玛通、叠氮净、敌草净、异戊乙净、环丙青津、灭莠津、另丁津、仲丁通、特丁通、甲氧丙净、氰草净、抑草津、可乐津、莠去通、灭草通、甘草津、三聚氰酸、Indaziflam、绿磺隆、甲磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、氯嘧黄隆、苯磺隆、噻磺隆、吡嘧黄隆、甲基二磺隆、甲基碘磺隆钠盐、甲酰氨基嘧磺隆、醚磺隆、醚苯磺隆、甲嘧磺隆、烟嘧磺隆、胺苯磺隆、酰嘧磺隆、乙氧嘧磺隆、环丙嘧磺隆、砜嘧磺隆、四唑嘧磺隆、啶嘧黄隆、单嘧磺隆、单嘧磺酯、氟唑磺隆、氟啶嘧磺隆、氟吡嘧磺隆、环氧嘧磺隆、唑吡嘧磺隆、氟嘧磺隆、丙苯磺隆、三氟丙磺隆、磺酰磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、氟胺磺隆、三氟甲磺隆、甲磺隆钠盐、氟吡磺隆、甲硫嘧磺隆、嘧苯胺磺隆、Propyrisulfuron(丙嗪嘧磺隆)、嗪吡嘧磺隆、三氟羧草醚、氟磺胺草醚、乳氟禾草灵、乙羧氟草醚、乙氧氟草醚、草枯醚、苯草醚、氯氟草醚乙酯、甲羧除草醚、三氟甲草醚、甲氧除草醚、三氟硝草醚、氟化除草醚、氟呋草醚、除草醚、甲草醚、二甲草醚、氟酯肟草醚、氟草醚酯、Halosafen、绿麦隆、异丙隆、利谷隆、敌草隆、莎扑隆、氟草隆、苯噻隆、甲基苯噻隆、苄草隆、磺噻隆、异恶隆、特丁噻草隆、炔草隆、氯溴隆、甲基杀草隆、酰草隆、甲氧杀草隆、溴谷隆、甲氧隆、绿谷隆、灭草隆、环草隆、非草隆、氟硫隆、草不隆、枯草隆、草完隆、异草完隆、环莠隆、噻氟隆、丁噻隆、枯莠隆、对氟隆、甲胺噻唑隆、隆草特、三甲异脲、恶唑隆、Monisouron、Anisuron、Methiuron、Chloreturon、四氟隆、甜菜宁、甜菜宁-乙酯、甜菜安、磺草灵、特草灵、燕麦灵、苯胺灵、氯苯胺灵、二氯苄草酯、灭草灵、氯炔灵、Carboxazole、Chlorprocarb、Fenasulam、BCPC、CPPC、Carbasulam、丁草特、禾草丹、灭草猛、禾草特、野麦畏、哌草丹、禾草畏、 稗草丹、环草敌、燕麦敌、菌达灭、乙硫草特、坪草丹、克草猛、苄草丹、仲草丹、硫烯草丹、草灭散、Isopolinate、Methiobencarb、2,4-滴丁酯、2甲4氯钠、2,4-滴异辛酯、2甲4氯异辛酯、2,4-滴钠盐、2,4-滴二甲胺盐、2甲4氯乙硫酯、2甲4氯、2,4-滴丙酸、高2,4-滴丙酸盐、2,4-滴丁酸、2甲4氯丙酸、2甲4氯丙酸盐、2甲4氯丁酸、2,4,5-涕、2,4,5-涕丙酸、2,4,5-涕丁酸、2甲4氯胺盐、麦草畏、抑草蓬、伐草克、赛松、三氯苯酸、氨二氯苯酸、甲氧三氯苯酸、禾草灵、吡氟禾草灵、精吡氟禾草灵、氟吡甲禾灵、高效吡氟氯禾灵、喹禾灵、精喹禾灵、恶唑禾草灵、精恶唑禾草灵、喔草酯、氰氟草酯、恶唑酰草胺、炔草酯、噻唑禾草灵、炔禾灵、羟戊禾灵、三氟禾草肟、异恶草醚、百草枯、敌草快、安磺灵、乙丁烯氟灵、异丙乐灵、甲磺乐灵、环丙氟灵、氨基丙氟灵、乙丁氟灵、氯乙氟灵、氨基乙氟灵、地乐灵、氯乙地乐灵、Methalpropalin、丙硝酚、草甘膦、莎稗膦、草铵膦、固杀草磷、甲基胺草磷、草硫膦、哌草膦、双丙氨膦、地散磷、抑草磷、蔓草磷、伐垅磷、双甲胺草磷、草特磷、咪唑烟酸、咪唑乙烟酸、咪唑喹啉酸、甲氧咪草烟、甲氧咪草烟铵盐、甲咪唑烟酸、咪草酯、氯氟吡氧乙酸、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯吡啶酸、氨氯吡啶酸、三氯吡氧乙酸、氟硫草定、卤草定、三氯吡啶酚、噻草啶、氟啶草酮、氯氨吡啶酸、氟吡草腙、三氯吡氧乙酸丁氧基乙酯、Cliodinate、稀禾啶、烯草酮、噻草酮、禾草灭、环苯草酮、丁苯草酮、肟草酮、吡喃草酮、Buthidazole、嗪草酮、环嗪酮、苯嗪草酮、乙嗪草酮、Ametridione、Amibuzin、溴苯腈、辛酰溴苯腈、辛酰碘苯腈、碘苯腈、敌草腈、二苯乙腈、双唑草腈、羟敌草腈、Iodobonil、除草溴、唑嘧磺草胺、双氟磺草胺、五氟磺草胺、磺草唑胺、氯酯磺草胺、双氯磺草胺、啶磺草胺、氟草黄、双草醚、嘧啶肟草醚、环酯草醚、嘧草醚、嘧硫草醚、双环磺草酮、硝磺草酮、磺草酮、Tembotrione、Tefuryltrione、Bicyclopyrone、Ketodpiradox、异恶唑草酮、异恶氯草酮、Fenoxasulfone、Methiozolin、异丙吡草酯、吡草醚、吡唑特、野燕枯、苄草唑、吡草酮、吡氯草胺、Pyrasulfotole、苯唑草酮、Pyroxasulfone、唑草胺、氟胺草唑、杀草强、胺唑草酮、唑啶草酮、氟唑草酮、甲磺草胺、Bencarbazone、双苯嘧草酮、氟丙嘧草酯、除草定、异草定、环草啶、特草定、Flupropacil、吲哚酮草酯、氟烯草酸、丙炔氟草胺、炔草胺、酞苄醚、Flumezin、五氯酚(钠)、地乐酚、特乐酚、特乐酯、戊硝酚、二硝酚、氯硝酚、地乐施、地乐特、丙炔恶草酮、恶草酮、环戊恶草酮、氟唑草胺、嗪草酸甲酯、四唑酰草胺、氟哒嗪草酯、杀草敏、溴莠敏、二甲达草伏、哒草醚、草哒酮、草哒松、哒草伏、Pyridafol、二氯喹啉酸、氯甲喹啉酸、苯达松、哒草特、恶嗪草酮、草除灵、异恶草酮、环庚草醚、异丙酯草醚、丙酯草醚、茚草酮、氯酸钠、茅草枯、三氯醋酸、一氯醋酸、六氯丙酮、四氟丙酸、吗草快、牧草快、溴酚肟、三唑磺、灭杀唑、呋草酮、呋草磺、乙呋草磺、嘧草胺、氯酞酸、氟咯草酮、稗草稀、丙烯醛、苯草灭、灭草环、燕麦酯、噻二唑草胺、棉胺宁、羟草 酮、氨氯苯醌、甲氧苯酮、苯嘧磺草胺、氯酰草膦、三氯丙酸、Alorac、Diethamquat、Etnipromid、Iprymidam、Ipfencarbazone、Thiencarbazone-methyl、Pyrimisulfan、Chlorflurazole、Tripropindan、Sulglycapin、甲硫磺乐灵、Cambendichlor、环丙嘧啶酸、硫氰苯胺、解草酮、解草啶、解草安、解草唑、解草喹、解草腈、解草烷、解草胺腈、解草烯、吡唑解草酯、呋喃解草唑、肟草安、双苯噁唑酸、二氯丙烯胺、氟氯吡啶酯、DOW848、UBH-509、D489,LS 82-556、KPP-300、NC-324、NC-330、KH-218、DPX-N8189、SC-0744、DOWCO535、DK-8910、V-53482、PP-600、MBH-001、KIH-9201、ET-751、KIH-6127和KIH-2023。
当使用时,如果需要,将市售的制剂以常见的方式稀释,例如在可湿性粉剂、浓缩乳剂、悬浮液和在水中悬浮的颗粒时,使用水稀释。粉末、土壤施药所用的颗粒剂或撒播和喷洒的溶液,一般在使用前不需要进一步用惰性物质稀释。随着外部条件的变化,要求的式(I)化合物的使用量也不同,外部条件为,例如温度、湿度、使用的除草剂的性质等等。它可以有大的变化幅度,例如在0.001到1.0kg/ha之间,或更多的活性物质,但优选在0.005到750g/ha之间,特别是在0.005到250g/ha之间。
涉鉴于化合物的经济性、多样性以及生物活性,我们优选合成了一些化合物,在合成的诸多化合物中,选取部分列于下表中。具体的化合物结构及相应的化合物信息如表1所示。表1中的化合物只是为了更好的说明本发明,但并不限定本发明,对于本领域的技术人员而言,不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下化合物。本发明涉及到的物性数据并未进行校正。
表1 化合物结构及其1H NMR数据
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000041
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000043
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000044
具体实施方式
通过以下实施例提供的具体实施方案,对本发明的上述内容进行进一步详细说明,对于本研究领域的技术人员而言,不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下实例;凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。以下实施例中的工艺参数以及产品收率均未经优化。本发明涉及到的物性数据并未进行校正。
实施例1
本实施例说明表1中化合物01的具体合成方法。化合物01可通过以下反应步骤合成:
Step 1:中间体(a-1)的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000045
量取50mL乙腈于250mL三口烧瓶中,置于冰水浴中,温度控制在5~10℃之间。称量3.0g(0.075mol)质量分数为60%的NaH缓慢加入三口烧瓶中,温度控制在10℃以内,然后称量2.4g(0.036mol)吡唑溶于少量乙腈中,置于滴液漏斗中,待体系温度降至约0℃左右时开始滴加。滴加完毕后冰水浴条件下继续搅拌。待体系温度稳定后,称量10g(0.033mol)2-氯-3-溴甲基-4-甲砜基苯甲酸分批缓慢加入体系中,温度控制在10℃以内,冰水浴条件下搅拌。HPLC跟踪反应至原料反应完全。旋蒸除去乙腈,加入200mL水,缓慢滴加HCl,室温下搅拌,逐渐出现固体颗粒,抽滤得到类白色固体即为中间体(a-1),将其置于烘箱中干燥待用。
Step 2:中间体(a-2)的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000046
称量10g(0.030mol)中间体(a-1)于250mL单口烧瓶中,加入50mL二氯乙烷,滴入少许DMF做催化剂,最后称量5g(0.039mol)草酰氯溶于少量二氯乙烷并置于滴液漏斗中,常温滴加至体系中。滴加完毕后室温条件下继续搅拌2h左右,得到含有中间体(a-2)的反应液,该反应液无需处理,可直接用于下一步反应。
Step 3:中间体a的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000047
称量1.7g(0.015mol)1,3-二甲基-5-吡唑醇于250mL三口烧瓶中,加入50mL 1,2-二氯乙烷将其溶解,称量4.0g(0.040mol)三乙胺于体系中。冰水浴条件下将中间体(a-2)的1,2-二氯 乙烷溶液(含0.010mol(a-2))滴加至体系中,滴加过程中采用氩气保护。反应1h后HPLC跟踪反应,原料反应完全后得到含有中间体(a-3)的反应液。向含有中间体(a-3)的反应液中补加1.0g(0.010mol)三乙胺和数滴丙酮氰醇,温度控制在50~60℃并使用氩气保护,反应2h,HPLC跟踪反应。反应完全后加入100mL水,缓慢滴加HCl,室温下搅拌,直至pH=3左右。萃取除去水层,有机层用200mL水洗涤2次,经无水硫酸钠干燥后,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到3.6g棕黄色粉末状固体即为化合物a。
Step 4:化合物01的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000048
称量2.1g(0.005mol)化合物a于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入15mL乙腈和1.0g(0.010mol)三乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量1.0g(0.006mol)1,3-二甲基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物a反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到棕黄色固体,经柱层析提纯后得到1.5g浅黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物01。HPLC含量93.9%,收率53.1%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例2至实施例13分别说明表1中化合物02至化合物13的合成方法,其与实施例1类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例14
本实施例说明表1中化合物14的具体合成方法。化合物14可通过以下反应步骤合成:
Step 1:中间体(b-1)的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000049
量取50mL乙腈于250mL三口烧瓶中,置于冰水浴中,温度控制在5~10℃之间。称量 3.0g(0.075mol)NaH缓慢加入三口烧瓶中,温度控制在10℃以内,然后称量3g(0.036mol)4-甲基吡唑溶于少量乙腈中,置于滴液漏斗中,待体系温度降至约0℃左右时开始滴加。滴加完毕后冰水浴条件下继续搅拌。待体系温度稳定后,称量10g(0.033mol)2-氯-3-溴甲基-4-甲砜基苯甲酸分批缓慢加入体系中,温度控制在10℃以内,冰水浴条件下搅拌。HPLC跟踪反应至原料反应完全。旋蒸除去乙腈,加入200mL水,缓慢滴加HCl,室温下搅拌,逐渐出现固体颗粒,抽滤得到类白色固体即为中间体(b-1),将其置于烘箱中干燥待用。
Step 2:中间体(b-2)的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000050
称量10g(0.030mol)中间体(b-1)于250mL单口烧瓶中,加入50mL二氯乙烷,滴入少许DMF做催化剂,最后称量5g(0.039mol)草酰氯溶于少量二氯乙烷并置于滴液漏斗中,常温滴加至体系中。滴加完毕后室温条件下继续搅拌2h左右,得到含有中间体(b-2)的反应液,该反应液无需处理,可直接用于下一步反应。
Step 3:化合物b的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000051
称量4.0g(0.036mol)1,3-二甲基-5-吡唑醇于250mL三口烧瓶中,加入50mL 1,2-二氯乙烷将其溶解,称量12g(0.12mol)三乙胺于体系中。冰水浴条件下将含有中间体(b-2)的反应液(按0.030mol记)滴加至体系中,滴加过程中采用氩气保护。反应1h后HPLC跟踪反应,原料反应完全后得到含有中间体(b-3)的反应液。向含有中间体(b-3)的反应液中补加3.0g(0.030mol)三乙胺和0.5mL丙酮氰醇,温度控制在50~60℃并使用氩气保护,反应2h,HPLC跟踪反应。反应完全后加入100mL水,缓慢滴加HCl,室温下搅拌,直至pH=3左右。萃取除去水层,有机层用200mL水洗涤2次,经无水硫酸钠干燥后,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到8.1g棕黄色粉末状固体即为化合物b。
Step 4:化合物14的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000052
称量2.2g(0.005mol)化合物b于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈和1.0g(0.010mol)碳酸钠,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量0.8g(0.0055mol)1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物b反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到深棕色油状物,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到2.0g棕黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物14。HPLC含量94.1%,收率70.9%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例15至实施例22分别说明表1中化合物15至化合物22的合成方法,其与实施例14类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例23
本实施例说明表1中化合物23的具体合成方法。化合物23可通过以下反应步骤合成:
Step 1:中间体(b-1)的合成
同实施例14。
Step 2:中间体(b-2)的合成
同实施例14。
Step 3:化合物c的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000053
称量3.6g(0.036mol)1-甲基-5-吡唑醇于250mL三口烧瓶中,加入50mL 1,2-二氯乙烷将其溶解,称量12g(0.12mol)三乙胺于体系中。冰水浴条件下将含有中间体(b-2)的反应液(按0.030mol记)滴加至体系中,滴加过程中采用氩气保护。反应1h后HPLC跟踪反应,原料反 应完全后得到含有中间体(c-1)的反应液。向含有中间体(c-1)的反应液中补加3.0g(0.030mol)三乙胺和0.5mL丙酮氰醇,温度控制在50~60℃并使用氩气保护,反应2h,HPLC跟踪反应。反应完全后加入100mL水,缓慢滴加HCl,室温下搅拌,直至pH=3左右。萃取除去水层,有机层用200mL水洗涤2次,经无水硫酸钠干燥后,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到7.9g棕黄色粉末状固体即为化合物c。
Step 4:化合物23的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000054
称量2.1g(0.005mol)化合物c于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL二氯甲烷和1.3g(0.010mol)N,N-二异丙基乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量1.0g(0.0055mol)1-甲基-5-乙氧基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL二氯甲烷并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物c反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL二氯甲烷,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到棕黄色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到1.9g浅黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物23。HPLC含量95.1%,收率64.4%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例24说明表1中化合物24的合成方法,其与实施例23类似,此处不再详细说明。实施例25
本实施例说明表1中化合物25的具体合成方法。化合物25可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000055
实验操作:
称量2.2g(0.005mol)化合物d于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入15mL乙腈和1.0g(0.010mol)三乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量1.0g(0.006mol)1,3-二甲基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物d反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到棕黄色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到1.7g浅黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物25。HPLC含量92.3%,收率57.6%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例26至实施例53说明表1中化合物26至化合物53的合成方法,其与实施例25类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例54
本实施例说明表1中化合物54的具体合成方法。化合物54可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000056
实验操作:
称量2.4g(0.005mol)化合物e于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈和1.4g(0.010mol)碳酸钾,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量1.0g(0.0055mol)1-甲基-5-乙氧基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物e反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到深棕色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到2.1g黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物54。HPLC含量94.3%,收率68.3%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例55至实施例59说明表1中化合物55至化合物59的合成方法,其与实施例54类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例60
本实施例说明表1中化合物60的具体合成方法。化合物60可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000057
实验操作:
称量2.1g(0.005mol)化合物f于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL二氯甲烷和1.3g(0.010mol)N,N-二异丙基乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量0.8g(0.0055mol)1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL二氯甲烷并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物f反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL二氯甲烷,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到深棕色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到2.1g浅棕色粉末状固体。即为化合物60。HPLC含量95.7%,收率76.6%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例61至实施例75说明表1中化合物61至化合物75的合成方法,其与实施例60类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例76
本实施例说明表1中化合物76的具体合成方法。化合物76可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000058
实验操作:
称量1.9g(0.005mol)化合物g于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL四氢呋喃和1.0g(0.010mol)三乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量0.9g(0.0055mol)1,3-二甲基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL四氢呋喃并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物g反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到棕色固体,经95%乙醇 重结晶后得到1.8g棕黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物76。HPLC含量96.2%,收率69.4%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例77至实施例81说明表1中化合物77至化合物81的合成方法,其与实施例76类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例82
本实施例说明表1中化合物82的具体合成方法。化合物82可通过以下反应步骤合成:
Step 1:中间体(h-1)的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000059
量取50mL乙腈于250mL三口烧瓶中,置于冰水浴中,温度控制在5~10℃之间。称量4.4g(0.11mol)NaH缓慢加入三口烧瓶中,温度控制在10℃以内,然后称量4.6g(0.045mol)4-氯吡唑溶于少量乙腈中,置于滴液漏斗中,待体系温度降至约0℃左右时开始滴加。滴加完毕后冰水浴条件下继续搅拌。待体系温度稳定后,称量10g(0.034mol)2-甲基-3-溴甲基-4-甲砜基苯甲酸分批缓慢加入体系中,温度控制在10℃以内,冰水浴条件下搅拌。HPLC跟踪反应至原料反应完全。旋蒸除去乙腈,加入200mL水,缓慢滴加HCl,室温下搅拌,逐渐出现固体颗粒,抽滤得到类白色固体即为中间体(h-1),将其置于烘箱中干燥待用。
Step 2:中间体(h-2)的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000060
称量10.5g(0.030mol)中间体(h-1)于250mL单口烧瓶中,加入50mL二氯乙烷,滴入少许DMF做催化剂,最后称量5g(0.039mol)草酰氯溶于少量二氯乙烷并置于滴液漏斗中,常温滴加至体系中。滴加完毕后室温条件下继续搅拌2h左右,得到含有中间体(h-2)的反应液,该反应液无需处理,可直接用于下一步反应。
Step 3:化合物h的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000061
称量4.5g(0.036mol)1-乙基-3-甲基-5-吡唑醇于250mL三口烧瓶中,加入50mL 1,2-二氯乙烷将其溶解,称量12g(0.012mol)三乙胺于体系中。冰水浴条件下将含有中间体(h-2)的反应液(按0.030mol记)滴加至体系中,滴加过程中采用氩气保护。反应1h后HPLC跟踪反应,原料反应完全后得到含有中间体(h-3)的反应液。向含有中间体(h-3)的反应液中补加3.0g(0.030mol)三乙胺和0.5mL丙酮氰醇,温度控制在40~50℃并使用氩气保护,反应2h,HPLC跟踪反应。反应完全后加入100mL水,缓慢滴加HCl,室温下搅拌,直至pH=3左右。萃取除去水层,有机层用200mL水洗涤2次,经无水硫酸钠干燥后,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到6.7g深棕色粉末状固体即为化合物h。
Step 4:化合物82的合成
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000062
称量2.2g(0.005mol)化合物h于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL 1,2-二氯乙烷和1.3g(0.010mol)N,N-二异丙基乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量1.0g(0.0055mol)1-甲基-5-乙氧基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL 1,2-二氯乙烷并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物h反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL二氯甲烷,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到棕黄色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到1.9g黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物82。HPLC含量93.8%,收率62.0%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例83至实施例87说明表1中化合物83至化合物87的合成方法,其与实施例82类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例88
本实施例说明表1中化合物88的具体合成方法。化合物88可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000063
实验操作:
称量2.1g(0.005mol)化合物i于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈和1.4g(0.010mol)碳酸钾,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量0.8g(0.0055mol)1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物i反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到深棕色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到1.6g棕色粉末状固体。即为化合物88。HPLC含量90.6%,收率57.2%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例89至实施例95说明表1中化合物89至化合物95的合成方法,其与实施例88类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例96
本实施例说明表1中化合物96的具体合成方法。化合物96可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000064
实验操作:
称量2.2g(0.005mol)化合物j于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈和1.4g(0.010mol)碳酸钾,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量0.95g(0.006mol)1,3-二甲基吡唑-4-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物j反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到深棕色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到1.6g棕色粉末状固体。即为化合物96。HPLC含量94.7%,收率53.8%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例97至实施例101说明表1中化合物97至化合物101的合成方法,其与实施例96类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例102
本实施例说明表1中化合物102的具体合成方法。化合物102可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000065
实验操作:
称量2.0g(0.005mol)化合物k于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈和1.0g(0.010mol)三乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量1.0g(0.0055mol)1-甲基-4-氯吡唑-3-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物k反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到棕色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到1.8g棕黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物102。HPLC含量96.2%,收率62.8%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例103至实施例104说明表1中化合物103至化合物104的合成方法,其与实施例102类似,此处不再详细说明。
实施例105
本实施例说明表1中化合物105的具体合成方法。化合物105可通过以下反应式合成:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000066
实验操作:
称量2.1g(0.005mol)化合物l于100mL单口烧瓶中,加入15mL乙腈和1.0g(0.010mol)三乙胺,冰水浴条件下开启搅拌。称量1.2g(0.006mol)1-甲基-3-乙基-4-氯吡唑-5-甲酰氯溶于10mL乙腈并置于滴液漏斗中,冰水浴条件下开始滴加。HPLC跟踪反应至化合物l反应完全。反应结束后,加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯,萃取分去水层,有机层用100mL饱和食盐水洗涤2次后经无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去有机溶剂,得到棕黄色固体,经95%乙醇重结晶后得到1.7g浅黄色粉末状固体。即为化合物105。HPLC含量95.3%,收率54.2%。
1H NMR数据见表1。
实施例106至实施例107说明表1中化合物106至化合物107的合成方法,其与实施例105类似,此处不再详细说明。
生物活性评价:
有害植物破坏(即生长控制率)的活性级别标准如下:
10级:完全死亡;
9级:生长控制率在90%以上;
8级:生长控制率在80%以上;
7级:生长控制率在70%以上;
6级:生长控制率在60%以上;
5级:生长控制率在50%以上;
4级:生长控制率在30%以上;
3级:生长控制率在20%以上;
2级:生长控制率在10%以上;
1级:生长控制率在1-10%以上;
0级:无效果。
以上生长控制率为鲜重控制率。
苗后测试实验:将单子叶和双子叶杂草种子以及主要作物种子(小麦、玉米、水稻、大豆、棉花、油菜、谷子、高粱)放置在装有土壤的塑料盆中,然后覆盖0.5-2厘米土壤,使其在良好的温室环境中生长,播种2-3周后在2-3叶期处理测试植物,分别将供试的本发明化合物用丙酮溶解,然后加入吐温80,用一定的水稀释成一定浓度的溶液,用喷雾塔喷施到植物上。施药后在温室中培养3周,3周后杂草的实验效果列于表2。
表2.苗后杂草实验
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000067
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000068
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000069
苗前测试实验:
将单子叶和双子叶杂草种子以及主要作物种子(小麦、玉米、水稻、大豆、棉花、油菜、谷子、高粱)放置在装有土壤的塑料盆中,然后覆盖0.5-2厘米土壤,分别将供试的本发明化合物用丙酮溶解,然后加入吐温80,用一定的水稀释成一定浓度的溶液,播种后立即喷施。施药后在温室中培养4周,3周后观察实验结果,发现本发明的药剂多数在250克/公顷计量下效果出众,尤其对稗草、马塘、苘麻等杂草。很多化合物对玉米、小麦、水稻、大豆、油菜有良好的选择性。
移栽水稻安全性评价与水田杂草防效评价:
在1/1,000,000公顷罐中装入水田土壤后,播种稗草、萤蔺、狼把草、野慈姑的种子,在其上轻轻地覆盖土。其后以蓄水深0.5-1厘米的状态静置于温室内,第二天或者2天后植入野慈姑的块茎。其后保持蓄水深3-4厘米,在稗草、萤蔺、狼把草达到0.5叶,野慈姑达到初生叶期的时间点,将按照通常的制剂方法调制本发明化合物而成的可湿性粉剂或者悬浮剂的水稀释液,用吸液管进行均匀的滴下处理以达到规定的有效成分量。
另外,在1/1,000,000公顷罐中装入水田土壤后,进行平整,使蓄水深3-4厘米,第二天以移栽深度3厘米来移植3叶期的水稻(粳稻)。移植后第5天与上述同样地处理本发明化合物。
分别用肉眼观察药剂处理后第14天稗草、萤蔺、狼把草及野慈姑的生育状态,药剂处理后第21天水稻的生育状态,以1-10的活性标准级别评价除草效果,从而获得了表3的结果。
表3.移栽水稻田实验结果(500克/公顷有效成分)
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000070
注:稗草、萤蔺、鸭舌草种子均采集自中国黑龙江和江苏,经过检测对常规剂量的吡嘧磺隆有抗药性。
对比实验:
对照化合物A.
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000071
对照化合物B:
Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-000072
对照化合物均出自专利CN88101455A所述的化合物。
苗后测试,将单子叶杂草与玉米种子放置在装有土壤的塑料盆中,然后覆盖0.5-2厘米土壤,使其在良好的温室环境中生长,播种4周后在5-6叶期处理测试植物,分别将供试的本发明化合物用丙酮溶解,然后加入吐温80,用一定的水稀释成一定浓度的溶液,用喷雾塔喷施到植物上。测试剂量为:15克/公顷;观察时间为施药后25天。
表4.对比实验结果
化合物 马唐 稗草 狗尾草 玉米
化合物26 10 10 10 0
对照化合物A 6 7 7 1
化合物29 10 8 9 0
对照化合物B 5 6 7 0
由表4可以看出,本发明的化合物在除草活性和安全性上明显优于对照化合物。
同时经过很多测试发现,本发明所述化合物很多对结缕草、狗牙根、高羊茅、早熟禾、黑麦草、海滨雀稗等禾本科草坪有很好的选择性,能防除很多关键禾本科杂草以及阔叶杂草。对不同施药方式下的大豆、棉花、油葵、马铃薯、果树、蔬菜等测试也显示出极好的选择性和商业价值。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种具有式(I)结构的吡唑类化合物或其盐:
    Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-100001
    式(I)中,
    R1代表氢原子或C1-C4烷基;
    R2代表C1-C3烷基;
    R3代表含O、S、N中一个或多个杂原子的C1-C6直链或环状基团;
    R4代表C1-C3烷基或卤素;
    R5代表吡唑环或被一个或者多个烷基、烷氧基、卤素、卤代烷基、氨基、硝基取代的吡唑环。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐,其特征在于,结构如式(I’)所示:
    Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-100002
    式(I’)中,
    R1代表氢原子或C1-C4烷基;
    R2代表C1-C3烷基;
    X代表O、N或S,X与R3’可以形成环状结构,也可以形成直链结构,当X为O或S时,R3’代表C1-C6烷基,C3-C6烷氧基烷基,C2-C6卤代烷基,C3-C6烯基或C3-C6炔基;当X为N时,X与R3’形成吡唑环或者取代的吡唑环,C3-C5内酰胺环或者取代的内酰胺环;
    R4代表C1-C3烷基或卤素;
    R5’代表C1-C3烷基;
    R5”代表氢原子,C1-C3烷基,C1-C3烷氧基,C1-C3卤代烷基,卤素,氨基或硝基;n是0、1或2,当n为2时,两个R5”可以相同也可以不同。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐,其特征在于,
    R1代表氢原子,甲基,乙基或环丙基;
    R2代表甲基,乙基或异丙基;
    X代表O、N或S,X与R3’可以形成环状结构,也可以成直链结构,当X为O或S时,R3’代表C1-C6烷基,C3-C6烷氧基烷基,C2-C4卤代烷基,C3-C5烯基或C3-C5炔基;当X为N时,X与R3’形成吡唑环或者取代的吡唑环,C3-C5内酰胺环或者取代的内酰胺环;
    R4代表甲基或者氯原子;
    R5’代表甲基,乙基或异丙基;
    R5”代表氢原子,甲基,乙基,异丙基,甲氧基,乙氧基,二氟甲基,氯或溴;n是0、1或2,当n为2时,两个R5”可以相同也可以不同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐,其特征在于,X代表O或N,X与R3’可以形成环状结构,也可以成直链结构,当X为O时,R3’代表甲基,乙基,正丁基,甲氧基乙基,乙氧基乙基,甲氧基异丙基,甲氧基正丙基,2,2-二氟乙基,2,2,2-三氟乙基,1,1,2,2-四氟丙基,炔丙基,2-烯丁基或四氢糠基;当X为N时,X与R3’形成吡唑,3-甲基吡唑,4-甲基吡唑,3,5-二甲基吡唑,4-氯吡唑或吡咯烷酮。
  5. 一种制备权利要求1所述吡唑类化合物或其盐的方法,其特征在于,使具有式(II)结构的化合物与具有式(III)结构的化合物通过酯化反应获得,
    其中,具有式(II)结构的化合物如下:
    Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-100003
    具有式(III)结构的化合物如下:
    Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-100004
  6. 一种制备权利要求2-4任意一项所述吡唑类化合物或其盐的方法,其特征在于,使具有式(II’)结构的化合物与具有式(III’)结构的化合物通过酯化反应获得,
    其中,具有式(II’)结构的化合物如下:
    Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-100005
    具有式(III’)结构的化合物如下:
    Figure PCTCN2016075578-appb-100006
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的制备吡唑类化合物或其盐的方法,其特征在于,所述反应在溶剂和碱的存在下进行,反应温度为-10-50℃,优选0-20℃,反应时间为0.1-12小时,优选0.5-3小时,所述溶剂为乙腈或二氯甲烷,碱为三乙胺或碳酸钾。
  8. 一种除草剂组合物,其特征在于,包括除草有效量的权利要求1-4任意一项所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐中的至少一种。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的除草剂组合物,其特征在于,还包括制剂助剂。
  10. 一种控制有害植物的方法,其特征在于,包括将除草有效量的权利要求1-4任意一项所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐中的至少一种或权利要求8-9任意一项所述的除草剂组合物使用在植物上或者有害植物区域。
  11. 如权利要求1-4任意一项所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐中的至少一种或权利要求8-9任意一项所述的除草剂组合物在控制有害植物上的用途。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的用途,其特征在于,将所述的吡唑类化合物或其盐用于防除有用作物中的有害植物。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的用途,其特征在于,所述有用作物为转基因作物或者基因组编辑技术处理过的作物。
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CN106561665B (zh) * 2016-10-28 2019-12-13 江苏清原农冠杂草防治有限公司 一种小麦田除草组合物及其应用
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CN106977458B (zh) * 2017-04-19 2019-08-09 青岛清原化合物有限公司 无定形态三唑磺草酮及其制备方法和用途
CN107033086B (zh) * 2017-04-19 2019-07-26 青岛清原化合物有限公司 三唑磺草酮b晶型及其制备方法和用途
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