WO2017113163A1 - 生物打印机喷头组件及生物打印机 - Google Patents

生物打印机喷头组件及生物打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113163A1
WO2017113163A1 PCT/CN2015/099816 CN2015099816W WO2017113163A1 WO 2017113163 A1 WO2017113163 A1 WO 2017113163A1 CN 2015099816 W CN2015099816 W CN 2015099816W WO 2017113163 A1 WO2017113163 A1 WO 2017113163A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diameter portion
passage
port
bioprinter
outlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/099816
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李意军
王德明
张乐庆
温学敏
Original Assignee
四川蓝光英诺生物科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 四川蓝光英诺生物科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 四川蓝光英诺生物科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/099816 priority Critical patent/WO2017113163A1/zh
Priority to US16/067,461 priority patent/US10906241B2/en
Priority to EP15911792.8A priority patent/EP3398756B1/en
Priority to JP2018534092A priority patent/JP6669873B2/ja
Publication of WO2017113163A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113163A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/112—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255—Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/304—Extrusion nozzles or dies specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/49—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3026—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being a gate valve, a sliding valve or a cock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B05B1/3066—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice the valve element being at least partially hollow and liquid passing through it when the valve is opened
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of bioprinting, and more particularly to a bioprinter head assembly and a bioprinter.
  • Bio 3D printing refers to the printing of biological materials (including natural biomaterials and synthetic biomaterials or cell solutions) into a three-dimensional structure by 3D printing. It is different from ordinary 3D printing technology and bio 3D printing technology. Biological tissues or organs also have certain biological functions, which need to provide conditions for the further growth of cells and tissues. It is precisely because of the above characteristics that biological 3D printing technology is developing and facing many specific technical problems.
  • the technology of using cells as printing materials is called cell three-dimensional printing technology.
  • the shortcoming of the prior art is that the flow area of the existing bio-printing material nozzle is constant, and if the flow rate of the biological printing material fluid needs to be adjusted, it can only be adjusted by the extrusion device at the front end.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a bio-printer nozzle assembly and a bio-printer, wherein the flow area of the nozzle assembly is adjustable, so that the flow rate of the bio-printing material ejected by the bio-printer is adjustable.
  • the present invention provides a bio-printer nozzle assembly comprising a mounting block having a passage and a spray head mounted in the passage, wherein the mounting block is provided with a first flow passage, and one end of the first flow passage is provided a port that communicates with the channel;
  • the nozzle includes an equal diameter portion and a reduced diameter portion respectively away from and close to the outlet of the passage, and the reduced diameter portion forms a second flow passage with the passage, and the reduced diameter portion can be between the port and the port An opening is formed, the opening being for communicating the first flow path and the second flow path, the equal diameter portion being capable of blocking the port.
  • the flow area in the head assembly can be changed by changing the reduced diameter portion
  • the relative position of the port is adjusted to adjust the flow rate of the biological printing material fluid, which is convenient and easy to use.
  • a spray head kit comprising a plurality of alternative spray heads having different lengths of said equal diameter portion and said reduced diameter portion from said plurality of alternate spray heads Elected in order to achieve one of the following states:
  • Partially blocked state in the partially blocked state, the equal diameter portion partially blocks the port;
  • Full open state in the fully open state, the port is entirely opposite to the reduced diameter portion.
  • the positional relationship between the reduced-diameter portions of the different nozzles and the ports is different, and the fully-blocking state and the partial sealing can be realized.
  • One of the blocked state and the fully open state achieves adjustment of the flow area of the showerhead assembly.
  • the spray head is movable in the passage for adjusting a relative position between the reduced diameter portion and a port of the first flow passage to achieve switching between:
  • Partially blocked state in the partially blocked state, the equal diameter portion partially blocks the port;
  • Full open state in the fully open state, the port is completely connected to the reduced diameter portion relatively.
  • the nozzle is designed as a movable structure in the channel, and the positional relationship between the nozzle and the channel is changed, thereby changing the positional relationship between the reduced diameter portion and the port of the nozzle, thereby achieving full sealing.
  • the switching between the blocked state, the partially blocked state and the fully open state, and then the dynamic adjustment of the flow area of the nozzle assembly is realized, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the flow rate of the biological printing material fluid.
  • showerhead is telescopic in the channel.
  • the nozzle is further designed into a retractable structure in the passage, and the positional relationship between the reduced diameter portion and the port of the nozzle can be changed by changing the length of the expansion and contraction of the nozzle in the passage.
  • the switching between the fully blocked state, the partially blocked state and the fully open state, and then the dynamic adjustment of the flow area of the nozzle assembly is realized, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the flow rate of the biological printing material fluid.
  • the spray head is translatable.
  • the nozzle is further designed into a flat structure in the channel, and the positional relationship between the reduced diameter portion and the port of the nozzle can be changed by changing the nozzle to move in the channel.
  • the switching between the fully blocked state, the partially blocked state and the fully open state, and then the dynamic adjustment of the flow area of the nozzle assembly is realized, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the flow rate of the biological printing material fluid.
  • the reduced diameter portion is tapered toward the outlet of the showerhead.
  • the reduced diameter portion is designed to be tapered toward the outlet, which facilitates guiding the second material after entering the second flow passage, so that the second material is more easily wrapped in the third The flow path flows out of the first material.
  • a cross section of the reduced diameter portion taken along an exit direction toward the head is tapered.
  • the reduced diameter portion is further designed into a tapered structure such that the second material distribution after entering the second flow passage is more uniform, and then the second material is more evenly wrapped in the third The flow path flows out of the first material, and the taper is easy to process.
  • a third flow path is disposed in the nozzle for exiting the nozzle Connected.
  • a third flow passage is disposed in the spray head, so that two flow passages are formed together with the second flow passage at the outlet of the spray head, and two types of biological printing material fluids can be supplied to the spray head, thereby forming Mixed bioprinting unit.
  • the passage includes an equal diameter section and a transition section, the equal diameter section is in communication with the outlet of the passage through the transition section, and the equal diameter section is disposed in the equal diameter section, the transition section
  • An outlet toward the passage is tapered, a chamber is formed between an outlet of the spray head and an outlet of the passage, and a second material passing through the second flow passage is wrapped in the chamber through the third flow A first material ejected from an outlet of the showerhead to form a fluid printing unit.
  • the second material enters the chamber through the second flow path and wraps the first material ejected in the shower head to form a fluid printing unit, and the fluid printing unit flows in the tapered transition section. Conducive to converging the fluid, ensuring that the flow direction of the fluid printing unit formed by the second material enclosing the first material in the chamber is more stable and avoids diffusion into the second flow path.
  • the second flow path is tapered from the transition section to the exit position of the showerhead.
  • the second flow passage is a tapered structure from the transition section to the outlet of the spray head, which facilitates concentrating the second material to the nozzle outlet in the second flow passage, and avoids wrapping the second material too thickly First material.
  • the present invention also provides a bioprinter comprising the bioprinter showerhead assembly described above.
  • the bioprinter is a 3D bioprinter.
  • the bio-printer including the above-described bio-printer head unit also has the above-described advantageous technical effects.
  • the present invention provides a bio-printer nozzle assembly which is provided with a port communicating with a passage at one end of the first flow passage, and the nozzle is designed to be composed of an equal-diameter portion and a reduced-diameter portion.
  • the structural form, the flow area of the nozzle assembly can be adjusted by the relative position change of the diameter reducing portion and the port, thereby adjusting the flow area of the nozzle assembly, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the biological printing material fluid sprayed by the nozzle, so that the adjustment is convenient and easy to implement. Has good implementability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bio-printer nozzle assembly of the present invention in a fully sealed state
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bio-printer nozzle assembly of the present invention in a partially blocked state
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of the bio-printer head assembly of the present invention in a fully open state.
  • the invention designs a bio-printer nozzle assembly which is provided with a port communicating with a passage at one end of the first flow passage, and the nozzle is designed into a structure consisting of an equal-diameter portion and a reduced-diameter portion, the nozzle assembly
  • the adjustment of the flow area can be realized by changing the relative position of the reduced diameter portion and the port, thereby realizing the flow adjustment of the biological printing material fluid at the outlet end of the printer, so that the adjustment is convenient, easy to implement, and has good implementability.
  • the bioprinter head assembly includes a mounting block 3 having a channel 5 and an
  • the nozzle 1 installed in the channel 5 is provided with a first flow channel 4 in the mounting block 3, and one end of the first flow channel 4 is provided with a port 41 communicating with the channel 5, and the nozzle 1 includes an outlet 6 respectively away from and close to the channel 5, etc.
  • the diameter portion 12 and the reduced diameter portion 13 A source of biomaterial supply is used to supply the first flow channel 4 with a bio-printing material fluid.
  • a third flow path 11 is provided in the spray head 1 for supplying the bio-print material fluid to the outlet of the spray head 1.
  • the first flow path 4 and the third flow path 11 can supply a single type of bio-printing material fluid, or can also supply different kinds of bio-printing material fluids, such as a first material and a second material, such as the third flow path 11 respectively.
  • the first flow path 4 is for supplying a second material encasing the first material.
  • the first material is a cell-containing printing material (for example, a bio-ink)
  • the second material is a printing material not containing cells
  • the second material is a material having temperature-sensitive properties, especially a biocompatible material (such as a hydrogel) having temperature-sensitive properties and a certain viscosity.
  • the first material is a printing material not containing cells
  • the second material is a printing material containing cells
  • the first material and the second material may also be Print materials containing cells may also contain no printed material for cells.
  • first material and the second material are one of the following forms: homogeneous, heterogeneous (eg, granular mixture), continuous or non- Continuous fluid.
  • the bio-printer head assembly may include a first material supply source for supplying a first material to the third flow path 11 and a second material supply source for supplying the first flow path 4 Two materials.
  • the equal diameter portion 12 can be used to block the port 41 of the first flow path 4.
  • the reduced diameter portion 13 may have a smaller radial dimension than the equal diameter portion 12, and the second flow passage 7 is formed between the reduced diameter portion 13 and the passage 5.
  • an opening between the port 41 and the reduced diameter portion 13 is used to connect the first flow path 4 and the second flow path 7.
  • the showerhead 1 can be in at least one of the following states:
  • the equal diameter portion 12 completely blocks the first flow path. Port 41 of 4, such that the first flow path 4 and the second flow path 7 are disconnected;
  • the equal-diameter portion 12 partially blocks the port 41 of the first flow path 4, and the port 41 of the first flow path 4 is partially opposed to the reduced diameter portion 13, so that the first flow path 4 and The second flow path 7 is connected;
  • the port 41 of the first flow path 4 is entirely opposed to the reduced diameter portion 13, so that the first flow path 4 and the second flow path 7 are in communication.
  • a port 41 communicating with the passage 5 is provided at one end of the first flow path 4, and the head 1 is designed to include an equal diameter portion 12 and a reduced diameter portion 13 by changing the relative diameter of the reduced diameter portion 13 and the port 41.
  • the position is adjusted to realize the flow area of the nozzle assembly, thereby realizing the adjustable flow of the biological printing material fluid, so that the adjustment is convenient, easy to implement, and has good implementability.
  • the equal diameter portion 12 completely blocks the port 41 of the first flow path 4 such that the first flow path 4 and the second flow path 7 are disconnected such that the flow area of the first flow path 4 is zero.
  • the second material cannot enter the second flow path 7, and the nozzle assembly is in a fully blocked state;
  • the equal-diameter portion 12 partially blocks the port 41 of the first flow path 4, and the port 41 of the first flow path 4 is partially opposed to the reduced diameter portion 13, at which time the flow area of the first flow path 4 follows the port.
  • the opening between the 41 and the reduced diameter portion 13 is increased and increased, and the second material in the first flow path 4 enters the second flow path 7 through the opening, and the flow area of the first flow path 4 and the port 41 and the reduced diameter
  • the opening size between the portions 13 is proportional, such that the flow rate of the printed biological material increases as the opening increases, and the head assembly is in a partially blocked state;
  • the port 41 of the first flow path 4 is completely opposed to the reduced diameter portion 13, and the opening between the port 41 and the reduced diameter portion 13 is maximized, at which time the flow area of the first flow path 4 is the largest, so that the passage The flow rate of the bio-printing material fluid of the first-class channel 4 is maximized, and the nozzle assembly is fully open.
  • the bio-printer head assembly has a head set including a plurality of alternative heads having equal-length portions 12 and reduced-diameter portions 13 of different lengths from each other, and the head 1 is required to be more than necessary
  • One of the alternative nozzles is selected to achieve one of a fully blocked state, a partially blocked state, and a fully open state.
  • the nozzles of the equal-diameter portion 12 and the reduced-diameter portion 13 having different lengths adjust the positional relationship between the reduced-diameter portion 12 of the shower head and the port 41, thereby adjusting the opening size between the port 41 and the reduced-diameter portion 13,
  • One of the fully blocked state, the partially blocked state, and the fully open state is realized, thereby realizing the adjustable flow rate of the printed material.
  • the head 1 is movable in the passage 5, so that the positional relationship between the head 1 and the passage 5 is changed, thereby changing the positional relationship between the reduced diameter portion 13 of the head 1 and the port 41, thereby changing
  • the size of the opening between the port 41 and the reduced diameter portion 13 can realize the switching between the fully blocked state, the partially blocked state and the fully open state, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the flow rate of the second material.
  • the spray head 1 may be integrally translated or partially movable in the passage, for example, the equal diameter portion 12 or the reduced diameter portion 13 of the spray head 1 is telescopic.
  • the nozzle 1 is further designed in the channel 5 as a retractable structure, and the positional relationship between the reduced diameter portion 13 of the head 1 and the port 41 is changed by changing the length of the expansion and contraction of the head 1 in the channel 5, thereby changing the port 41.
  • the opening between the reduced diameter portion and the reduced diameter portion 13 can realize switching between the fully plugged state, the partially blocked state, and the fully open state, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the flow rate of the second material.
  • the reduced diameter portion 13 may be a cylindrical structure having a radial dimension smaller than the equal diameter portion 12, or may be tapered toward the outlet 6. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the reduced diameter portion 13 is designed to be tapered toward the outlet 6, which facilitates guiding the second material after entering the second flow passage 7, so that the second material is more easily wrapped. On the first material flowing out of the third flow path 11.
  • the section of the reduced diameter portion 13 along the direction toward the outlet 6 is tapered such that the second material distribution after entering the second flow passage 7 is more uniform, which in turn causes the second material to be more evenly wrapped in the second
  • the third flow path 11 flows out of the first material, and the taper is easy to process.
  • the passage 5 includes an equal diameter section 51 and a transition section 52, and the equal diameter section 51 communicates with the outlet 6 through the transition section 52, and the equal diameter section 12 Disposed within the equal diameter section 51, the transition section 52 is tapered toward the outlet 6, forming a chamber between the outlet and the outlet 6 of the spray head 1, and the second material passing through the first flow passage is wrapped in the chamber from the spray head 1
  • the outlet ejects the first material to form a stream Body print unit.
  • the second material enters the chamber through the first flow path and wraps the first material ejected in the showerhead 1 to form a fluid printing unit.
  • the fluid printing unit flows within the tapered transition section 52, primarily facilitating convergence, ensuring that the flow direction of the fluid printing unit of the first material wrapped by the second material within the chamber is more stable, preventing it from diffusing into the second flow path 7.
  • the second flow path 7 is tapered from the transition portion 52 to the outlet position of the shower head 1.
  • Such a configuration facilitates the convergence and acceleration of the second material, and promotes the first flow path. The tendency of the two materials to wrap the first material and to prevent the second material from wrapping the first material too thickly.
  • the present invention also provides a bioprinter comprising the bioprinter showerhead assembly described above.
  • the bioprinter head assembly of the present invention is particularly suitable for use in 3D bioprinters.

Abstract

一种生物打印机喷头组件，包括具有通道（5）的安装块（3）和安装在通道（5）中的喷头（1），安装块（3）内设有第一流道（4），第一流道（4）的一端设有与通道（5）相通的端口（41）；喷头（1）包括分别远离和靠近通道（5）的出口（6）的等径部（12）和缩径部（13），缩径部（13）与通道（5）之间形成第二流道（7），缩径部（13）能够与端口（41）之间形成开口，开口连通第一流道（4）和第二流道（7），等径部（12）能够封堵端口（41）。喷头组件的流通面积的调节可方便地通过改变缩径部（13）与端口（41）的相对位置来实现。

Description

生物打印机喷头组件及生物打印机 技术领域
本发明涉及生物打印领域，尤其涉及一种生物打印机喷头组件及生物打印机。
背景技术
生物3D打印是指通过3D打印的原理和方法，将生物材料(包括天然生物材料和合成生物材料或细胞溶液)打印成为设计的三维结构体，区别于普通的3D打印技术，生物3D打印技术生产的生物组织或器官还具有一定的生物学功能，需为细胞和组织的进一步生长提供条件，正是由于上述特性，生物3D打印技术在发展中，面临着很多特定的技术问题。
其中，在生物3D打印领域，将细胞作为打印材料的技术称为细胞三维打印技术，人们可以利用细胞和生物相容性材料制成生物墨汁，喷头移动并将生物墨汁喷出，通过程序控制喷头运动打印生物墨水，将生物墨汁按照预设的目标打印物体的三维构建数字模型打印成型。
现有技术的不足之处在于：现有的生物打印材料喷头的流通面积是恒定的，若需对生物打印材料流体的流量进行调节，只能依赖于前端的挤出装置进行调节。
发明内容
为克服以上技术缺陷，本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种生物打印机喷头组件及生物打印机，其中喷头组件的流通面积为可调节的，从而使得生物打印机喷出的生物打印材料流量可调。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了生物打印机喷头组件，包括具有通道的安装块和安装在所述通道中的喷头，所述安装块内设有第一流道，所述第一流道的一端设有与所述通道相通的端口；所 述喷头包括分别远离和靠近所述通道的出口的等径部和缩径部，所述缩径部与所述通道之间形成第二流道，所述缩径部能够与所述端口之间形成开口，所述开口用于连通所述第一流道和第二流道，所述等径部能够封堵所述端口。
在这个技术方案中，通过在第一流道的一端设置与通道相通的端口，并将喷头设计成由等径部和缩径部组成的结构形式，喷头组件中的流通面积可通过改变缩径部与端口的相对位置来调节，进而调节生物打印材料流体的流量，这样调整方便且易于使用。
优选地，还具有包括多个备选喷头的喷头套件，所述多个备选喷头彼此具有不同长度的所述等径部和所述缩径部，所述喷头从所述多个备选喷头中选出，以便实现以下状态中的一个：
全封堵状态：在所述全封堵状态下，所述等径部完全封堵所述端口；
部分封堵状态：在所述部分封堵状态下，所述等径部部分封堵所述端口；
全开状态：在所述全开状态下，所述端口全部地与所述缩径部相对。
在该优选的技术方案中，通过更换具有不同长度的等径部和缩径部的喷头，不同的喷头的缩径部与端口之间的位置关系不同，即可实现全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态中的一个，继而实现喷头组件的流通面积的调节。
优选地，所述喷头能够在所述通道中可动，用于调节所述缩径部与所述第一流道的端口之间的相对位置，以实现在以下状态之间的切换：
全封堵状态：在所述全封堵状态下，所述等径部完全封堵所述端口；
部分封堵状态：在所述部分封堵状态下，所述等径部部分封堵所述端口；
全开状态：在所述全开状态下，所述端口全部地与所述缩径部 相对。
在该改进的技术方案中，将喷头在通道中设计成可动结构，喷头与通道之间的位置关系发生改变，从而改变喷头的缩径部与端口之间的位置关系，即可实现全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态之间的切换，继而实现喷头组件的流通面积的动态可调，进而实现生物打印材料流体的流量动态可调。
进一步地，喷头在通道中是可伸缩的。
在该改进的技术方案中，将喷头在通道中进一步地设计成可伸缩的结构，通过改变喷头在通道中的伸缩长度，从而改变喷头的缩径部与端口之间的位置关系，即可实现全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态之间的切换，继而实现喷头组件的流通面积的动态可调，进而实现生物打印材料流体的流量动态可调。
进一步地，所述喷头是可平动的。
在该改进的技术方案中，将喷头在通道中进一步地设计成可平动的结构，通过改变喷头在通道中平动，从而改变喷头的缩径部与端口之间的位置关系，即可实现全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态之间的切换，继而实现喷头组件的流通面积的动态可调，进而实现生物打印材料流体的流量动态可调。
进一步地，所述缩径部朝向所述喷头的出口是渐缩的。
在该改进的技术方案中，将缩径部设计成朝向出口是渐缩的结构形式，有利于对进入第二流道后的第二材料进行导向，使得第二材料更易于包裹在从第三流道流出的第一材料上。
进一步地，所述缩径部的沿着朝向所述喷头的出口方向截得的剖面为锥形。
在该改进的技术方案中，将缩径部进一步地设计成锥形的结构形式，使得进入第二流道后的第二材料分布更加均匀，继而使得第二材料更均匀地包裹在从第三流道流出的第一材料上，而且锥形易于加工。
进一步地，所述喷头内设有第三流道，用于与所述喷头的出口 连通。
在该改进的技术方案中，在喷头中设置第三流道，这样在喷头出口处与第二流道一起形成了两条流道，可以向喷头供给两种类型的生物打印材料流体，进而形成混合的生物打印单元。
进一步地，所述通道包括等径段和过渡段，所述等径段通过所述过渡段与所述通道的出口相通，所述等径部设置在所述等径段内，所述过渡段朝向所述通道的出口是渐缩的，在所述喷头的出口与所述通道的出口之间形成一腔室，通过第二流道的第二材料在腔室中包裹通过所述第三流道从所述喷头的出口喷出的第一材料以形成流体打印单元。
在该改进的技术方案中，第二材料通过第二流道进入该腔室并包裹喷头中喷出的第一材料，从而形成流体打印单元，流体打印单元在该渐缩的过渡段内流动，有利于汇聚流体，保证腔室内由第二材料包裹第一材料形成的流体打印单元的流向更加稳定，避免其扩散于第二流道。
进一步地，第二流道从过渡段至喷头的出口位置是渐缩的。
在该改进的技术方案中，第二流道从过渡段至喷头的出口是渐缩的结构形式，有利于在第二流道中将第二材料汇聚到喷头出口，且避免第二材料过厚地包裹第一材料。
本发明还提供了一种生物打印机，其包括上述的生物打印机喷头组件。优选地，生物打印机为3D生物打印机。
在该技术方案中，包括上述的生物打印机喷头组件的生物打印机也具有上述有益技术效果。
基于上述技术方案，本发明提供了一种生物打印机喷头组件，该生物打印机喷头组件通过在第一流道的一端设置与通道相通的端口，并将喷头设计成由等径部和缩径部组成的结构形式，喷头组件的流通面积可通过缩径部与端口的相对位置变化来调节，进而调节喷头组件的流通面积，进而调节喷头喷出的生物打印材料流体的流量，这样调整方便且易于实现，具有较好的可实施性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明生物打印机喷头组件在全封堵状态下的结构示意图；
图2为本发明生物打印机喷头组件在部分封堵状态下的结构示意图；
图3为本发明生物打印机喷头组件在全开状态下的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
本发明的具体实施例是为了便于对本发明的构思、所解决的技术问题、构成技术方案的技术特征和带来的技术效果有更进一步的说明。需要说明的是，对于这些实施例的说明并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所述的本发明的实施例中涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
考虑到现有的生物打印机喷头组件的生物打印材料供料管的流通面积固定，若需对流量进行调节，只能依赖于前端的挤出装置进行调节。本发明设计了一种生物打印机喷头组件，该生物打印机喷头组件通过在第一流道的一端设置与通道相通的端口，并将喷头设计成由等径部和缩径部组成的结构形式，喷头组件的流通面积的调节可通过改变缩径部与端口的相对位置来实现，进而实现打印机出口端的生物打印材料流体的流量调节，这样调整方便，易于实现，具有较好的可实施性。
在本发明的生物打印机喷头组件一个示意性实施例中，如图1～图3所示，生物打印机喷头组件包括具有通道5的安装块3和安 装在通道5中的喷头1，安装块3内设有第一流道4，第一流道4的一端设有与通道5相通的端口41，喷头1包括分别远离和靠近通道5的出口6的等径部12和缩径部13。生物材料供应源用于向第一流道4供应生物打印材料流体。
可选地，喷头1内设有第三流道11，用于向喷头1的出口供应生物打印材料流体。第一流道4和第三流道11既可供应单一种类的生物打印材料流体，也可以用于分别供应不同种类的生物打印材料流体，例如第一材料和第二材料，例如第三流道11用于供应第一材料，第一流道4用于供应包裹第一材料的第二材料。
其中，关于第一材料和第二材料，一种优选的实施方式是第一材料为含有细胞的打印材料(例如生物墨汁)，第二材料是未包含有细胞的打印材料，在此实施方式中，更优选地，第二材料是具有温敏特性的材料，尤其是具有温敏特性和一定黏度的生物相容性材料(例如水凝胶)。当然，作为另一种实施方式，第一材料是未包含有细胞的打印材料，而第二材料为包含有细胞的打印材料，在其余实施方式中，第一材料和第二材料也可以是都含有细胞的打印材料，也可以都不含有细胞的打印材料。
对于第一材料和第二材料的形态，第一材料和第二材料中任一或二者皆为以下几种形态的一种：均质、非均质(例如颗粒状混合物)、连续或非连续的流体。
生物打印机喷头组件可以包括第一材料供应源和第二材料供应源，第一材料供应源用于向第三流道11供给第一材料，第二材料供应源用于向第一流道4供应第二材料。
如图1所示，等径部12能够用于封堵第一流道4的端口41。缩径部13的径向尺寸可以小于等径部12，缩径部13与通道5之间形成第二流道7。如图2和3所示，端口41和缩径部13之间的开口用于将第一流道4和第二流道7连通。
如图1-3所述，喷头1能够处于至少一个以下状态：
在全封堵状态下，如图1所示，等径部12完全封堵第一流道 4的端口41，使得第一流道4和第二流道7断开连通；
在部分封堵状态下，如图2所示，等径部12部分封堵第一流道4的端口41，第一流道4的端口41部分地与缩径部13相对，使得第一流道4和第二流道7连通；
在全开状态下，如图3所示，第一流道4的端口41全部地与缩径部13相对，使得第一流道4和第二流道7连通。
在该示意性实施例中，在第一流道4的一端设置与通道5相通的端口41，喷头1被设计包括等径部12和缩径部13，通过改变缩径部13与端口41的相对位置来实现喷头组件的流通面积的可调，进而实现生物打印材料流体的流量可调，这样调整方便，易于实现，具有较好的可实施性。
如图1所示，等径部12完全封堵第一流道4的端口41，使得第一流道4和第二流道7断开连通，使得第一流道4的流通面积为零。第二材料无法进入第二流道7，喷头组件处于全封堵状态；
如图2所示，等径部12部分封堵第一流道4的端口41，第一流道4的端口41部分地与缩径部13相对，这时第一流道4的流通面积会随着端口41和缩径部13之间的开口增大而增大，第一流道4内的第二材料通过该开口进入第二流道7，此时第一流道4的流通面积与端口41和缩径部13之间的开口大小成正比，使得打印生物材料的流量随着该开口的增大而增大，这时喷头组件处于部分封堵状态；
如图3所示，第一流道4的端口41全部地与缩径部13相对，端口41和缩径部13之间的开口达到最大，这时第一流道4的流通面积最大，使得通过第一流道4的生物打印材料流体的流量达到最大，喷头组件处于全开状态。
作为本发明的第一实施例，生物打印机喷头组件具有包括多个备选喷头的喷头套件，多个备选喷头彼此具有不同长度的等径部12和缩径部13，喷头1根据需要从多个备选喷头中选出，以便实现全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态之一。也就是说通过更换具 有不同长度的等径部12和缩径部13的喷头，来调整了喷头的缩径部12与端口41之间的位置关系，进而调整了端口41和缩径部13之间的开口大小，实现了全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态之一，进而实现了打印材料的流量可调。
作为本发明的第二实施例，喷头1在通道5中可动，使得喷头1与通道5的位置关系发生改变，从而改变喷头1的缩径部13与端口41之间的位置关系，进而改变端口41和缩径部13之间的开口大小，即可实现全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态之间的切换，进而实现第二材料的流量动态可调。
喷头1在通道中可以是整体平动的，也可以是部分可动的，例如喷头1的等径部12或缩径部13是可伸缩的。将喷头1在通道5中进一步地设计成可伸缩的结构，通过改变喷头1在通道5中的伸缩长度，从而改变喷头1的缩径部13与端口41之间的位置关系，进而改变端口41和缩径部13之间的开口大小，即可实现全封堵状态、部分封堵状态以及全开状态之间的切换，进而实现第二材料的流量动态可调。
在第一和第二实施例中，缩径部13可以是径向尺寸小于等径部12的圆柱形结构，也可以是朝向出口6是渐缩的。如图1～图3所示，将缩径部13设计成朝向出口6是渐缩的结构形式，有利于对进入第二流道7后的第二材料进行导向，使得第二材料更易于包裹在从第三流道11流出的第一材料上。优选地，缩径部13的沿着朝向出口6的方向的剖面为锥形的，使得进入第二流道7后的第二材料分布更加均匀，继而使得第二材料更均匀地包裹在从第三流道11流出的第一材料上，而且锥形易于加工。
作为对第一和第二实施例的改进，如图1～图3所示，通道5包括等径段51和过渡段52，等径段51通过过渡段52与出口6相通，等径部12设置在等径段51内，过渡段52朝向出口6是渐缩的，在喷头1的出口与出口6之间形成一个腔室，通过第一流道的第二材料在腔室中包裹从喷头1的出口喷出的第一材料，以形成流 体打印单元。第二材料通过第一流道进入该腔室并包裹喷头1中喷出的第一材料，从而形成流体打印单元。流体打印单元在该渐缩的过渡段52内流动，主要有利于汇聚，保证腔室内的由第二材料包裹第一材料的流体打印单元的流向更加稳定，避免其扩散于第二流道7。
如图1～图3所示，进一步地，第二流道7从过渡段52至喷头1的出口位置是渐缩的，这样的结构形式有利于进行第二材料的汇聚和加速，促进了第二材料对第一材料的包裹趋势，且避免第二材料过厚地包裹第一材料。
本发明还提供了一种生物打印机，其包括上述的生物打印机喷头组件。本发明的生物打印机喷头组件尤其适用于3D生物打印机。
以上结合的实施例对于本发明的实施例做出详细说明，但本发明不局限于所描述的实施例。对于本领域的技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的原理和实质精神的情况下对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、等效替换和变型仍落入在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，包括具有通道(5)的安装块(3)和安装在所述通道(5)中的喷头(1)，所述安装块(3)内设有第一流道(4)，所述第一流道(4)的一端设有与所述通道(5)相通的端口(41)；所述喷头(1)包括分别远离和靠近所述通道(5)的出口(6)的等径部(12)和缩径部(13)，所述缩径部(13)与所述通道(5)之间形成第二流道(7)，所述缩径部(13)能够与所述端口(41)之间形成开口，所述开口用于连通所述第一流道(4)和第二流道(7)，所述等径部(12)能够封堵所述端口(41)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，还具有包括多个备选喷头的喷头套件，所述多个备选喷头彼此具有不同长度的所述等径部(12)和所述缩径部(13)，所述喷头(1)从所述多个备选喷头中选出，以便实现以下状态中的一个：
    全封堵状态：在所述全封堵状态下，所述等径部(12)完全封堵所述端口(41)；
    部分封堵状态：在所述部分封堵状态下，所述等径部(12)部分封堵所述端口(41)；
    全开状态：在所述全开状态下，所述端口(41)全部地与所述缩径部(13)相对。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述喷头(1)能够在所述通道(5)中可动，用于调节所述缩径部(13)与所述第一流道(4)的端口(41)之间的相对位置，以实现在以下状态之间的切换：
    全封堵状态：在所述全封堵状态下，所述等径部(12)完全封堵所述端口(41)；
    部分封堵状态：在所述部分封堵状态下，所述等径部(12)部分封堵所述端口(41)；
    全开状态：在所述全开状态下，所述端口(41)全部地与所述缩径部(13)相对。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述喷头(1)是可伸缩的。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述喷头(1)是可平动的。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述缩径部(13)朝向所述喷头(1)的出口是渐缩的。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述缩径部(13)的沿着朝向所述喷头(1)的出口方向截得的剖面为锥形。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述喷头(1)内设有第三流道(11)，所述第三流道(11)与所述喷头(1)的出口连通。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述通道(5)包括等径段(51)和过渡段(52)，所述等径段(51)通过所述过渡段(52)与所述通道(5)的出口(6)相通，所述等径部(12)设置在所述等径段(51)内，所述过渡段(52)朝向所述通道(5)的出口(6)是渐缩的，在所述喷头(1)的出口与所述通道(5)的出口(6)之间形成一腔室，用于通过所述第二流道(7)的第二材料在所述腔室中包裹从所述喷头(1)的出口喷出的第一材料，以形成流体打印单元。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的生物打印机喷头组件，其特征在于，所述第二流道(7)从所述过渡段(52)至所述喷头(1)的出口位置是渐缩的。
  11. 一种生物打印机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1所述的生物打印机喷头组件。
PCT/CN2015/099816 2015-12-30 2015-12-30 生物打印机喷头组件及生物打印机 WO2017113163A1 (zh)

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