WO2017113099A1 - 二次电池及其制备方法 - Google Patents

二次电池及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113099A1
WO2017113099A1 PCT/CN2015/099443 CN2015099443W WO2017113099A1 WO 2017113099 A1 WO2017113099 A1 WO 2017113099A1 CN 2015099443 W CN2015099443 W CN 2015099443W WO 2017113099 A1 WO2017113099 A1 WO 2017113099A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
casing
secondary battery
battery according
bare cell
concave
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2015/099443
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李伟
於洪将
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/099443 priority Critical patent/WO2017113099A1/zh
Publication of WO2017113099A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113099A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a secondary battery and a method of fabricating the same.
  • the bare cell is fixed by embedding a three-dimensional shape pressure-sensitive adhesive between the bare cell and the casing, the process is complicated, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape needs to consume a part of the electrolyte, which requires Increasing the amount of liquid injected into the battery leads to a significant increase in manufacturing costs. At the same time, the energy density of the cell is reduced due to the weight gain of the electrolyte and the weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape itself.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery and a method of fabricating the same that can prevent the bare cell from being moved by the housing itself without adding additional components. And the manufacturing process is simple.
  • the present invention provides a secondary battery comprising: a case having four side walls and a bottom wall which together form an internal space; and a bare cell housed in the case Inside the body's interior space.
  • a secondary battery comprising: a case having four side walls and a bottom wall which together form an internal space; and a bare cell housed in the case Inside the body's interior space.
  • at least one of the four side walls of the housing is recessed into the housing such that the outer surface of the concave side wall of the housing is concave and the inner surface protrudes into the housing and abuts against the bare cell. Corresponding surfaces to clamp and secure the bare cell within the housing.
  • the present invention provides a method of fabricating a secondary battery, comprising the steps of: accommodating a bare cell in an internal space in a housing, the internal space being four by a housing The side wall and a bottom wall are enclosed together; the top cover is disposed on the top of the casing to enclose the bare cell in the inner space of the casing; before the liquid injection hole on the top cover of the secondary battery is closed, the injection is made
  • the liquid hole evacuates the inner space of the casing to a predetermined degree of vacuum, and the constant pressure is allowed to stand for a period of time so that the outer surface of the concave side wall of the casing is concave and the inner surface protrudes into the casing and abuts against the bare electric The corresponding surface of the core, thereby holding and securing the bare cell within the housing.
  • the present invention provides a preparation method of a secondary battery
  • the method includes the steps of: accommodating the bare cell in an inner space in the casing, the inner space being surrounded by four side walls of the casing and a bottom wall; and placing the top cover on the top of the casing to The bare cell is enclosed in the inner space of the casing; after the liquid injection hole on the top cover of the secondary battery is closed, the secondary battery is placed in the positive pressure box, and the constant pressure is allowed to stand for a period of time to make
  • the outer surface of the recessed side wall of the housing is concave and the inner surface projects into the housing and against the corresponding surface of the bare cell, thereby clamping and securing the bare cell within the housing.
  • the present invention provides a method of fabricating a secondary battery, comprising the steps of: accommodating a bare cell in an internal space in a housing, the internal space being four by a housing The side wall and a bottom wall are enclosed together; the top cover is disposed on the top of the casing to enclose the bare cell in the inner space of the casing; after the liquid injection hole on the top cover of the secondary battery is closed, the convex is made.
  • the pressing plate is pressed against the corresponding side wall so that the corresponding side wall of the housing is recessed to a certain extent to the housing, and then remains stationary for a period of time, thereby being concave toward the outer surface of the concave side wall of the housing.
  • the inner surface projects into the housing and abuts against a corresponding surface of the bare cell.
  • the inner surface of the side walls abut against the corresponding surfaces of the bare cells, and the inner surfaces of the side walls are held together with the bottom wall.
  • the core and the bare cell are fixed in the housing. This kind of no additional component is only clamped and fixed to the bare cell through the housing itself, and the movement of the bare cell can be avoided, and the manufacturing process is simple.
  • the internal space of the casing is evacuated by a liquid injection hole and a constant gas pressure is formed.
  • the air pressure outside the casing is greater than the air pressure inside the casing, and the corresponding side wall is convex in the casing under the action of the external air pressure to prepare the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the invention,
  • the force on the side walls is uniform, so that the concave surface of the side walls is smoother and more uniform.
  • the secondary battery is placed in a positive pressure tank, and the air pressure in the positive pressure tank is greater than the internal pressure of the casing of the secondary battery, under the action of the air pressure in the positive pressure tank
  • the respective side walls are convex toward the inside of the casing to prepare the secondary battery of the first aspect of the invention, and since the force of the air pressure on the side wall is uniform, the concave surface of the side wall is more smooth and uniform.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a secondary battery according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of a secondary battery in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 2;
  • 6 to 8 are process flow diagrams of an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a secondary battery according to the present invention.
  • a secondary battery according to the present invention includes: a casing 1 having four side walls 11 and a bottom wall 12 which together form an internal space S; and a bare cell 2 housed in the casing 1
  • the interior space S is inside.
  • at least one of the four side walls 11 of the housing 1 is recessed toward the housing 1 such that the outer surface 111 of the recessed side wall 11 of the housing 1 is concave and the inner surface 112 is facing the housing. 1 protrudes and abuts against the corresponding surface of the bare cell 2, thereby holding and fixing the bare cell in the casing 1.
  • the inner surface 112 of the side wall 11 abuts against the corresponding surface of the bare cell 2, and the inner surface 112 of each side wall 11
  • the bare cell is held together with the bottom wall 12, and the bare cell is fixed in the casing 1.
  • This additional component is not clamped and fixed only by the housing 1 itself, and the movement of the bare cell can be avoided, and the manufacturing process is simple.
  • the inwardly concave side wall 11 of the housing 1 has: The edge portion 113 is disposed around the outer surface 113 of the side wall 11; and the concave portion 114 is surrounded by the edge portion 113 from the periphery.
  • the edge portion 113 is a shape having a constant width.
  • the width W of the edge portion is 5 mm.
  • the concave apex P of the side wall 11 recessed toward the housing 1 is located at the center of the recess 114 of the side wall 11. It is added here that the concave apex P is located at the center of the concave portion 114 of the side wall 11 is the most desirable concave effect of the present invention, but it is not limited to this, because the position of the concave apex P necessarily has a certain position based on the manufacturing process. change. It is additionally mentioned here that, for the convenience of the measurement, the corresponding concave side walls 11 are measured from the outside of the housing 1 to indirectly reflect the corresponding recess of the internal space S.
  • the vertical distance from the concave apex P to the edge of the plane formed by the concave portion 114 and the edge portion 113 is a concavity value C
  • the concavity value C may be 0.1 mm to 2 mm, which is preferred in the present invention.
  • the range of the concavity value C is of course not limited to this, and the range of the concavity value C can be appropriately changed.
  • At least two of the four side walls 11 of the housing 1 are recessed toward the housing 1.
  • the difference in the concavity values C of any two concave side walls 11 of the housing 1 may be less than 0.5 mm.
  • the side wall 11 of the housing 1 may have a thickness of 0.05 mm to 3 mm.
  • the bare cell 2 can be a wound cell, a laminated cell, or a wound plus laminated cell.
  • two of the four opposite side walls 11 of the housing 1 are recessed toward the bare cell 2 such that the two sidewalls 11 are from the bare cell 2 The side abuts, clamps and fixes the bare cell 2 in the housing 1.
  • two of the four side walls 11 of the housing 1 are oppositely recessed toward the bare cell 2 such that the two side walls 11 are from the bare cell 2 The side abuts, clamps and fixes the bare cell 2 in the housing 1.
  • the bare cell 2 has a tab 21 .
  • the secondary battery further includes a top cover 3 disposed at the top of the housing 1 to enclose the bare cell 2 in the internal space S of the housing 1 and with the bare cell 2
  • the tabs 21 are electrically connected.
  • the housing 1 can be a hard shell.
  • the hard case may be a pure metal case or an alloy case.
  • the pure metal casing may be an aluminum casing or a steel casing.
  • the housing 1 can be a single layer housing or a multilayer composite housing.
  • the housing 1 is a multilayer composite housing, at least one of the layers may be a pure metal or alloy.
  • the coordinate data of each point on the outer surface 112 of the concave side wall 11 of the housing 1 is scanned by the flat measuring instrument, and the side wall is automatically removed.
  • the data point of the edge portion 113 of 11 (the plane measuring instrument is set according to the width of the edge portion 113), and then the obtained data is fitted to a curved surface to obtain the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the curved surface, that is, the side wall 11
  • the concavity value and verify that the concavity value is within the range allowed by the qualified battery.
  • the plane measuring instrument can use the core flatness tester of Zhengye Technology ASIDA-PM1000 model.
  • the method for producing a secondary battery according to the present invention is for use in the preparation of the secondary battery of the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of: accommodating the bare cell 2 in the internal space S in the casing 1, the internal space S The four side walls 11 of the casing 1 and the bottom wall 12 are enclosed together; the top cover 3 is placed on the top of the casing 1 to enclose the bare cell 2 in the internal space S of the casing 1; Before the liquid injection hole 31 on the top cover 3 of the battery is closed, the internal space S of the casing 1 is evacuated to a predetermined degree of vacuum through the liquid injection hole 31, and the constant pressure is allowed to stand for a certain period of time so as to be concave toward the casing 1.
  • the outer surface 111 of the side wall 11 is concave and the inner surface 112 projects into the housing 1 and abuts against the corresponding surface of the bare cell 2, thereby clamping and fixing the bare cell 2 within the housing 1.
  • the internal space S of the casing 1 is evacuated by the liquid injection hole 31 and a constant gas pressure is formed.
  • the external air pressure of the casing 1 is greater than the internal air pressure of the casing 1, and the corresponding side wall 11 is convex toward the casing 1 under the action of the external air pressure to prepare the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the force of the air pressure on the side wall 11 is uniform, the concave surface of the side wall 11 is smoother and more uniform.
  • the prescribed degree of vacuum may be -100 kPa to -10 kPa, but not limited thereto, and may be appropriately adjusted as needed.
  • the time for standing at a constant pressure is 5 to 60 s, but not limited to this, the time for standing at a constant pressure can be appropriately lengthened or shortened depending on the specific case.
  • the top cover 3 and the bottom wall 12 of the housing 1 and other side walls 11 is externally restricted without concave deformation.
  • a flat jig can be used to abut against other side walls 11 and bottom which do not need to be recessed.
  • the wall 12 and the top cover 3 are provided to limit deformation of the side wall 11, the bottom wall 12 and the top cover 3 which do not require recesses.
  • the method for producing a secondary battery according to the present invention is for use in the preparation of the secondary battery of the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of: accommodating the bare cell 2 in the internal space S in the casing 1, the internal space S The four side walls 11 of the casing 1 and the bottom wall 12 are enclosed together; the top cover 3 is placed on the top of the casing 1 to enclose the bare cell 2 in the internal space S of the casing 1; After the liquid injection hole 31 on the top cover 3 of the battery is closed, the secondary battery is placed in the positive pressure tank, and the constant pressure is allowed to stand for a period of time so that the outer surface 111 of the side wall 11 recessed toward the casing 1 is made. The inner surface 112 projects into the housing 1 and abuts against the corresponding surface of the bare cell 2, thereby clamping and fixing the bare cell 2 within the housing 1.
  • the secondary battery is placed in a positive pressure tank, the air pressure in the positive pressure tank is greater than the internal pressure of the casing 1 of the secondary battery, and the air pressure in the positive pressure tank
  • the lower corresponding side wall 11 is convex toward the casing 1 to prepare the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present invention, and since the force of the air pressure on the side wall 11 is uniform, the concave surface of the side wall 11 is smoother. Evenly.
  • the relative pressure in the positive pressure tank may be 0.1 MPa to 0.3 MPa, but not limited thereto, and may be appropriately adjusted as needed.
  • the constant voltage of the secondary battery is allowed to stand for 1 minute to 120 minutes, but not limited to this, the time for standing at a constant pressure may be appropriately determined according to specific conditions. Extend or shorten.
  • the top cover 3 and the bottom wall 12 of the housing 1 and other side walls 11 is externally restricted without concave deformation.
  • a flat jig can be used to abut against the other side walls 11, the bottom wall 12 and the top cover 3 which do not need to be recessed.
  • a flat jig can be used to abut against the other side walls 11, the bottom wall 12 and the top cover 3 which do not need to be recessed.
  • a method of manufacturing a secondary battery according to the present invention is for producing the secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps of: accommodating the bare cell 2 in an internal space S in the casing 1.
  • the inner space S is surrounded by the four side walls 11 of the casing 1 and one bottom wall 12; the top cover 3 is placed on the top of the casing 1 to enclose the bare cell 2 inside the casing 1.
  • Space S After the liquid injection hole 31 on the top cover 3 of the secondary battery is closed, the convex pressure plate B is pressed toward the corresponding side wall 11 so that the corresponding side wall 11 of the housing 1 is recessed toward the housing 1 to a certain extent. The extent is then left to rest for a period of time such that the outer surface 111 of the recessed side wall 11 of the housing 1 is concave and the inner surface 112 projects into the housing 1 and against the corresponding surface of the bare cell 2.
  • the standing time is from 0.5 min to 10 min, but not limited thereto, the time of standing at a constant pressure may be appropriately lengthened or shortened depending on the specific case.
  • the top cover 3 and the bottom wall 12 of the housing 1 and other side walls 11 is externally restricted without concave deformation.
  • a flat jig can be used to abut against the other side walls 11, the bottom wall 12 and the top cover 3 which do not need to be recessed.
  • a flat jig can be used to abut against the other side walls 11, the bottom wall 12 and the top cover 3 which do not need to be recessed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种二次电池及其制备方法，二次电池包括：壳体，具有一起围成内部空间的四个侧壁和一个底壁；以及裸电芯，收容于壳体的内部空间内。其中，壳体的四个侧壁中至少一个侧壁向壳体内凹，以使向壳体内凹的侧壁的外表面呈凹形而内表面向壳体内凸出并抵靠裸电芯的相应表面，从而将裸电芯夹持并固定在壳体内。在根据本发明的二次电池中，壳体的侧壁向壳体内凹后，侧壁的内表面抵靠裸电芯的相应表面，各侧壁的内表面与底壁一起夹持裸电芯，并将裸电芯固定在壳体内。这种没有增加额外的组件只通过壳体自身对裸电芯进行夹持固定，同样能够避免裸电芯的移动，且制造工艺简单。

Description

二次电池及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电池领域，尤其涉及一种二次电池及其制备方法。
背景技术
在现有技术中，通过在裸电芯和壳体之间嵌入三维形状的压敏胶粘带来固定裸电芯，工艺比较复杂，并且压敏胶粘带需要消耗部分电解液，这就要求增加电池的注液量，进而导致制造成本大大增加。同时，由于电解液的增重和压敏胶粘带自身的重量，降低了电芯的能量密度。
发明内容
鉴于背景技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种二次电池及其制备方法，其能通过壳体自身而无须增加额外的组件对裸电芯进行固定，避免了裸电芯的移动，并且制造工艺简单。
为了实现上述目的，在第一方面，本发明提供了一种二次电池，其包括：壳体，具有一起围成内部空间的四个侧壁和一个底壁；以及裸电芯，收容于壳体的内部空间内。其中，壳体的四个侧壁中至少一个侧壁向壳体内内凹，以使向壳体内凹的侧壁的外表面呈凹形而内表面向壳体内凸出并抵靠裸电芯的相应表面，从而将裸电芯夹持并固定在壳体内。
为了实现上述目的，在第二方面，本发明提供了一种二次电池的制备方法，其包括步骤：将裸电芯收容于壳体内的内部空间内，所述内部空间由壳体的四个侧壁和一个底壁一起围成；将顶盖设置于壳体顶部，以将裸电芯封闭在壳体的内部空间内；在二次电池的顶盖上的注液孔封闭前，通过注液孔对壳体的内部空间抽真空至规定真空度，恒压静置一段时间，以使向壳体内凹的侧壁的外表面呈凹形而内表面向壳体内凸出并抵靠裸电芯的相应表面，从而将裸电芯夹持并固定在壳体内。
为了实现上述目的，在第三方面，本发明提供了一种二次电池的制备方 法，其包括步骤：将裸电芯收容于壳体内的内部空间内，所述内部空间由壳体的四个侧壁和一个底壁一起围成；将顶盖设置于壳体顶部，以将裸电芯封闭在壳体的内部空间内；在二次电池的顶盖上的注液孔封闭后，将所述二次电池放置在正压箱内，恒压静置一段时间，以使向壳体内凹的侧壁的外表面呈凹形而内表面向壳体内凸出并抵靠裸电芯的相应表面，从而将裸电芯夹持并固定在壳体内。
为了实现上述目的，在第四方面，本发明提供了一种二次电池的制备方法，其包括步骤：将裸电芯收容于壳体内的内部空间内，所述内部空间由壳体的四个侧壁和一个底壁一起围成；将顶盖设置于壳体顶部，以将裸电芯封闭在壳体的内部空间内；在二次电池的顶盖上的注液孔封闭后，使凸形的压板向对应的侧壁挤压，以使壳体的相应的侧壁向壳体内凹至一定程度，然后保持静置一段时间，从而向壳体内凹的侧壁的外表面呈凹形而内表面向壳体内凸出并抵靠裸电芯的相应表面。
本发明的有益效果如下：
在根据本发明的二次电池中，壳体的侧壁向壳体内内凹后，侧壁的内表面抵靠裸电芯的相应表面，各侧壁的内表面与底壁一起夹持裸电芯，并将裸电芯固定在壳体内。这种没有增加额外的组件只通过壳体自身对裸电芯进行夹持固定，同样能够避免裸电芯的移动，且制造工艺简单。
在根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法中，通过注液孔对壳体的内部空间抽真空并形成恒定的气压。在抽真空的过程中，壳体外部气压大于壳体内部气压，在外部气压的作用下相应侧壁向壳体内内凸，以制备出本发明第一方面所述的二次电池，而由于气压在侧壁上的作用力大小均匀，使得侧壁的凹面更为平滑均匀。
在根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法中，将二次电池放置在正压箱内，正压箱内的气压大于二次电池的壳体内部气压，在正压箱内的气压的作用下相应侧壁向壳体内内凸，以制备出本发明第一方面所述的二次电池，而由于气压在侧壁上的作用力大小均匀，使得侧壁的凹面更为平滑均匀。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的二次电池的俯视图；
图2为根据本发明的二次电池的正视图；
图3为沿图1中的A-A线作出的剖视图；
图4为沿图1中的B-B线作出的剖视图；
图5为沿图2中的C-C线作出的剖视图；
图6至图8是根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法的一实施例的工艺流程图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1壳体                S内部空间
11侧壁               2裸电芯
111外表面            21极耳
112内表面            3顶盖
113边缘部            31注液孔
114凹部              C凹度值
P凹顶点              B压板
12底壁               W宽度
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来详细说明本发明的二次电池及其制备方法。
首先说明根据本发明第一方面的二次电池。
参照图1至图5，根据本发明的二次电池包括：壳体1，具有一起围成内部空间S的四个侧壁11和一个底壁12；以及裸电芯2，收容于壳体1的内部空间S内。其中，壳体1的四个侧壁11中至少一个侧壁11向壳体1内凹，以使向壳体1内凹的侧壁11的外表面111呈凹形而内表面112向壳体1内凸出并抵靠裸电芯2的相应表面，从而将裸电芯夹持并固定在壳体1内。
在根据本发明的二次电池中，壳体1的侧壁11向壳体1内凹后，侧壁11的内表面112抵靠裸电芯2的相应表面，各侧壁11的内表面112与底壁12一起夹持裸电芯，并将裸电芯固定在壳体1内。这种没有增加额外的组件只通过壳体1自身对裸电芯2进行夹持固定，同样能够避免裸电芯的移动，且制造工艺简单。
在一实施例中，参照图1、图2和图5，壳体1向内凹的侧壁11具有： 边缘部113，设置于该侧壁11的外表面113的四周；以及凹部114，由边缘部113从四周包围。
在一实施例中，参照图5，边缘部113为宽度恒定的回形。
在一实施例中，边缘部的宽度W为5mm。在一实施例中，参照图1至图5，向壳体1内凹的侧壁11的凹顶点P位于该侧壁11的凹部114的中心。在这里补充说明的是，凹顶点P位于该侧壁11的凹部114的中心是本发明最理想的内凹效果，但不仅限如此，因为基于制造过程，凹顶点P的位置必然会有一定的变动。在此补充说明的是，为了方便测量，从壳体1外部对内凹的相应侧壁11进行测量，以间接地反映内部空间S相应内凹的程度。
在一实施例中，参照图5，凹顶点P到凹部114与边缘部113形成的平面的边缘的垂直距离为凹度值C，凹度值C可为0.1mm～2mm，这是本发明优选的凹度值C的范围，当然不仅限如此，凹度值C的范围还可以适当改变。
在一实施例中，参照图1至图5，壳体1的四个侧壁11中的至少两个侧壁11向壳体1内凹。
在一实施例中，壳体1的任意两个凹的侧壁11的凹度值C之差可小于0.5mm。
在一实施例中，壳体1的侧壁11的厚度可为0.05mm～3mm。
在一实施例中，裸电芯2可为卷绕式电芯、叠片式电芯或卷绕加叠片式电芯。
在一实施例中，壳体1的四个侧壁11中的两个相对的表面积大的侧壁11向裸电芯2内凹，以使该两个侧壁11从裸电芯2的两侧抵靠、夹持并将裸电芯2固定在壳体1内。
在一实施例中，壳体1的四个侧壁11中的两个相对的表面积小的侧壁11向裸电芯2内凹，以使该两个侧壁11从裸电芯2的两侧抵靠、夹持并将裸电芯2固定在壳体1内。
在一实施例中，参照图3，裸电芯2具有极耳21。参照图2至图4，所述二次电池还包括：顶盖3，设置于壳体1的顶部，以将裸电芯2封闭在壳体1的内部空间S内并与裸电芯2的极耳21电连接。
在一实施例中，壳体1可为硬壳。进一步地，硬壳可为纯金属壳体或合金壳体。更进一步地，纯金属壳体可为铝壳体或钢壳体。
在一实施例中，壳体1可为单层壳体或多层复合壳体。当壳体1为多层复合壳体时，多层中的至少一层可为纯金属或合金。
在根据本发明的二次电池中，在一实施例中，采用平面测量仪扫描壳体1向内凹的侧壁11的外表面112上的各点坐标数据输入计算机，并自动去除该侧壁11的边缘部113的数据点(根据边缘部113的宽度设定平面测量仪)，然后将得到的数据拟合出一个曲面，得到该曲面最高点与最低点的高度差，即该侧壁11的凹度值，并检验该凹度值是否在合格电池允许的范围内。平面测量仪可采用正业科技ASIDA-PM1000型号的电芯平面度测试仪。
其次说明根据本发明第二方面的二次电池的制备方法。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法用于制备本发明第一方面所述的二次电池，包括步骤：将裸电芯2收容于壳体1内的内部空间S内，所述内部空间S由壳体1的四个侧壁11和一个底壁12一起围成；将顶盖3设置于壳体1顶部，以将裸电芯2封闭在壳体1的内部空间S内；在二次电池的顶盖3上的注液孔31封闭前，通过注液孔31对壳体1的内部空间S抽真空至规定真空度，恒压静置一段时间，以使向壳体1内凹的侧壁11的外表面111呈凹形而内表面112向壳体1内凸出并抵靠裸电芯2的相应表面，从而将裸电芯2夹持并固定在壳体1内。
在根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法中，通过注液孔31对壳体1的内部空间S抽真空并形成恒定的气压。在抽真空的过程中，壳体1外部气压大于壳体1内部气压，在外部气压的作用下相应侧壁11向壳体1内凸，以制备出本发明第一方面所述的二次电池，而由于气压在侧壁11上的作用力大小均匀，使得侧壁11的凹面更为平滑均匀。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，规定真空度可为-100Kpa～-10Kpa，但不仅限如此，可以根据需要适当调整。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，恒压静置的时间为5～60s，但不仅限如此，恒压静置的时间可以根据具体情况适当延长或缩短。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，在壳体1的相应侧壁11向壳体1内凹时，顶盖3以及壳体1的底壁12和其它的侧壁11均受外部限制而无内凹变形。在二次电池的制备过程中，当壳体1的部分侧壁11向壳体1内内凹时，可以采用平面夹具抵靠在其他不需要内凹的侧壁11、底 壁12以及顶盖3上，以限制不需要内凹的侧壁11、底壁12以及顶盖3的变形。
接着说明根据本发明第三方面的二次电池的制备方法。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法用于制备本发明第一方面所述的二次电池，包括步骤：将裸电芯2收容于壳体1内的内部空间S内，所述内部空间S由壳体1的四个侧壁11和一个底壁12一起围成；将顶盖3设置于壳体1顶部，以将裸电芯2封闭在壳体1的内部空间S内；在二次电池的顶盖3上的注液孔31封闭后，将所述二次电池放置在正压箱内，恒压静置一段时间，以使向壳体1内凹的侧壁11的外表面111呈凹形而内表面112向壳体1内凸出并抵靠裸电芯2的相应表面，从而将裸电芯2夹持并固定在壳体1内。
在根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法中，将二次电池放置在正压箱内，正压箱内的气压大于二次电池的壳体1内部气压，在正压箱内的气压的作用下相应侧壁11向壳体1内凸，以制备出本发明第一方面所述的二次电池，而由于气压在侧壁11上的作用力大小均匀，使得侧壁11的凹面更为平滑均匀。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，所述正压箱内的相对压强可为0.1Mpa-0.3Mpa，但不仅限如此，可以根据需要适当调整。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，所述二次电池的恒压静置的时间为1min～120min，但不仅限如此，恒压静置的时间可以根据具体情况适当延长或缩短。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，在壳体1的相应侧壁11向壳体1内凹时，顶盖3以及壳体1的底壁12和其它的侧壁11均受外部限制而无内凹变形。在二次电池的制备过程中，当壳体1的部分侧壁11向壳体1内凹时，可以采用平面夹具抵靠在其他不需要内凹的侧壁11、底壁12以及顶盖3上，以限制不需要内凹的侧壁11、底壁12以及顶盖3的变形。
最后说明根据本发明第四方面的二次电池的制备方法。
参照图6至图8，根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法用于制备本发明第一方面所述的二次电池，包括步骤：将裸电芯2收容于壳体1内的内部空间S内，所述内部空间S由壳体1的四个侧壁11和一个底壁12一起围成；将顶盖3设置于壳体1顶部，以将裸电芯2封闭在壳体1的内部空间S内；在 二次电池的顶盖3上的注液孔31封闭后，使凸形的压板B向对应的侧壁11挤压，以使壳体1的相应的侧壁11向壳体1内凹至一定程度，然后保持静置一段时间，从而向壳体1内凹的侧壁11的外表面111呈凹形而内表面112向壳体1内凸出并抵靠裸电芯2的相应表面。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，静置的时间为0.5min～10min，但不仅限如此，恒压静置的时间可以根据具体情况适当延长或缩短。
根据本发明的二次电池的制备方法，在一实施例中，在壳体1的相应侧壁11向壳体1内凹时，顶盖3以及壳体1的底壁12和其它的侧壁11均受外部限制而无内凹变形。在二次电池的制备过程中，当壳体1的部分侧壁11向壳体1内凹时，可以采用平面夹具抵靠在其他不需要内凹的侧壁11、底壁12以及顶盖3上，以限制不需要内凹的侧壁11、底壁12以及顶盖3的变形。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种二次电池，包括：
    壳体(1)，具有一起围成内部空间(S)的四个侧壁(11)和一个底壁(12)；
    裸电芯(2)，收容于壳体(1)的内部空间(S)内；
    其特征在于，
    壳体(1)的四个侧壁(11)中至少一个侧壁(11)向壳体(1)内凹，以使向壳体(1)内凹的侧壁(11)的外表面(111)呈凹形而内表面(112)向壳体(1)内凸出并抵靠裸电芯(2)的相应表面，从而将裸电芯(2)夹持并固定在壳体(1)内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，壳体(1)向内凹的侧壁(11)具有：
    边缘部(113)，位于该侧壁(11)的外表面(113)的四周；以及
    凹部(114)，由边缘部(113)从四周包围。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的二次电池，其特征在于，边缘部(113)为宽度(W)恒定的回形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的二次电池，其特征在于，边缘部的宽度(W)为5mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，向壳体(1)内凹的侧壁(11)的凹顶点(P)位于该侧壁(11)的凹部(114)的中心。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的二次电池，其特征在于，凹顶点(P)到凹部(114)与边缘部(113)连接的边缘形成的平面的垂直距离为凹度值(C)，凹度值(C)为0.1mm～2mm。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的二次电池，其特征在于，壳体(1)的四个侧壁(11)中的至少两个侧壁(11)向壳体(1)内凹。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的二次电池，其特征在于，壳体(1)的任意两个凹的侧壁(11)的凹度值(C)之差小于0.5mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，壳体(1)的侧壁(11)的厚度为0.05mm～3mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，裸电芯(2)为卷绕式电芯、叠片式电芯或卷绕加叠片式电芯。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，壳体(1)的四个侧壁(11)中的两个相对的表面积大的侧壁(11)向裸电芯(2)内凹，以使该两个侧壁(11)从裸电芯(2)的两侧抵靠、夹持并将裸电芯(2)固定在壳体(1)内。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，
    裸电芯(2)具有极耳(21)；
    所述二次电池还包括：顶盖(3)，设置于壳体(1)的顶部，以将裸电芯(2)封闭在壳体(1)的内部空间(S)内并与裸电芯(2)的极耳(21)电连接。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其特征在于，壳体(1)为硬壳。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的二次电池，其特征在于，硬壳为纯金属壳体或合金壳体。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的二次电池，其特征在于，纯金属壳体为铝壳体或钢壳体。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的二次电池，其特征在于，壳体(1)为单层壳体或多层复合壳体。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的二次电池，其特征在于，当壳体(1)为多层复合壳体时，多层中的至少一层为纯金属或合金。
  18. 一种二次电池的制备方法，用于制备权利要求1～17中任一项所述的二次电池，包括步骤：
    将裸电芯(2)收容于壳体(1)内的内部空间(S)内，所述内部空间(S)由壳体(1)的四个侧壁(11)和一个底壁(12)一起围成；
    将顶盖(3)设置于壳体(1)顶部，以将裸电芯(2)封闭在壳体(1)的内部空间(S)内；
    在二次电池的顶盖(3)上的注液孔(31)封闭前，通过注液孔(31)对壳体(1)的内部空间(S)抽真空至规定真空度，恒压静置一段时间，以使向壳体(1)内凹的侧壁(11)的外表面(111)呈凹形而内表面(112)向壳体(1)内凸出并抵靠裸电芯(2)的相应表面，从而将裸电芯(2)夹持并固定在壳体(1)内。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的二次电池的制备方法，其特征在于，规定真空度为-100Kpa～-10Kpa。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的二次电池的制备方法，其特征在于，恒压静置的时间为5～60s。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的二次电池的制备方法，在壳体(1)的相应侧壁(11)向壳体(1)内凹时，顶盖(3)以及壳体(1)的底壁(12)和其它的侧壁(11)均受外部限制而无内凹变形。
  22. 一种二次电池的制备方法，用于制备权利要求1～17中任一项所述的二次电池，包括步骤：
    将裸电芯(2)收容于壳体(1)内的内部空间(S)内，所述内部空间(S)由壳体(1)的四个侧壁(11)和一个底壁(12)一起围成；
    将顶盖(3)设置于壳体(1)顶部，以将裸电芯(2)封闭在壳体(1)的内部空间(S)内；
    在二次电池的顶盖(3)上的注液孔(31)封闭后，将所述二次电池放置在正压箱内，恒压静置一段时间，以使向壳体(1)内凹的侧壁(11)的外表面(111)呈凹形而内表面(112)向壳体(1)内凸出并抵靠裸电芯(2)的相应表面，从而将裸电芯(2)夹持并固定在壳体(1)内。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的二次电池的制备方法，其特征在于，所述正压箱内的相对压强为0.1Mpa-0.3Mpa。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的二次电池的制备方法，其特征在于，所述二次电池的恒压静置的时间为1min～120min。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的二次电池的制备方法，其特征在于，在壳体(1)的相应侧壁(11)向壳体(1)内凹时，顶盖(3)以及壳体(1)的底壁(12)和其它的侧壁(11)均受外部限制而无内凹变形。
  26. 一种二次电池的制备方法，用于制备权利要求1～17中任一项所述的二次电池，包括步骤：
    将裸电芯(2)收容于壳体(1)内的内部空间(S)内，所述内部空间(S)由壳体(1)的四个侧壁(11)和一个底壁(12)一起围成；
    将顶盖(3)设置于壳体(1)顶部，以将裸电芯(2)封闭在壳体(1)的内部空间(S)内；
    在二次电池的顶盖(3)上的注液孔(31)封闭后，使凸形的压板(B)向对应的侧壁(11)挤压，以使壳体(1)的相应的侧壁(11)向壳体(1)内凹至一定程度，然后保持静置一段时间，从而向壳体(1)内凹的侧壁(11)的外表面(111)呈凹形而内表面(112)向壳体(1)内凸出并抵靠裸电芯(2)的相应表面。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的二次电池的制备方法，其特征在于，静置的时间为0.5min～10min。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的二次电池的制备方法，其特征在于，在壳体(1)的相应侧壁(11)向壳体(1)内凹时，顶盖(3)以及壳体(1)的底壁(12)和其它的侧壁(11)均受外部限制而无内凹变形。
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CN113381099A (zh) * 2020-02-21 2021-09-10 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池壳、电池、电池包、电池模组及电动车
WO2022171015A1 (zh) * 2021-02-09 2022-08-18 荣耀终端有限公司 电池和电子设备
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CN115347283A (zh) * 2021-05-14 2022-11-15 中创新航科技股份有限公司 电池和电池组
CN116666770A (zh) * 2023-08-02 2023-08-29 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体及其制造方法、电池以及用电装置
CN121215916A (zh) * 2025-11-26 2025-12-26 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体及其加工方法、加工设备、电池装置、用电装置

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