WO2017111307A1 - Marine bedrock excavating method - Google Patents

Marine bedrock excavating method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017111307A1
WO2017111307A1 PCT/KR2016/012959 KR2016012959W WO2017111307A1 WO 2017111307 A1 WO2017111307 A1 WO 2017111307A1 KR 2016012959 W KR2016012959 W KR 2016012959W WO 2017111307 A1 WO2017111307 A1 WO 2017111307A1
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Prior art keywords
rock
excavation
excavating
sea
drilling
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PCT/KR2016/012959
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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한동훈
윤동철
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한동훈
지에스네트웍스 주식회사
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
    • E02B5/02—Making or lining canals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an offshore rock drilling method, and more particularly, to safely and effectively excavate the protruding rock in the water in the land state in order to construct a waterway for the construction of a marine structure or the construction of a ship or a harbor It is about the rock drilling method of the sea.
  • Dredging of these routes involves activities such as removing rock or soil below sea level, or removing islands.
  • the method of removing rock below the sea level is to use a large-scale chain rock method, blasting method (underwater blasting using a diver, perforation and underwater blasting using a barge).
  • the blasting method of underwater rock characterized by the above-mentioned.
  • the underwater rock blasting method should be accompanied by an increase in the construction period and an increase in the construction cost, and the work efficiency is deteriorated due to the location of the drilling point and the error blasting during the drilling. Restriction of working time, safety problem, and work efficiency of recharging work are reduced, and it is difficult to check dredging depth visually after completion of excavation work. Therefore, there is a problem that 3-D scan should be performed by using radar.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock rock excavation method for excavating rock rock located below sea level and to secure the safety of the ground cover.
  • the rock rock drilling method of the present invention comprises the steps of drilling the explosives field as many as necessary in the land to remove a large rock exposed to the top of the sea surface (S1);
  • the present invention excavates the rock exposed to the upper sea level step by step in the land state, and the rock located below the sea level is excavated from the edge or the center of the excavation area according to the depth of the excavation in the land state to form the base cover around the center Since rock can be excavated in the land state, it is possible to minimize the excavation of underwater rock. Therefore, the rock excavation work can be safely and effectively performed at the same time, and the external excavation of the crushed rock is easy. There is an effect that can reduce the construction cost by dramatically reducing the time and air.
  • 1 to 3 is a view showing the rock drilling method excavation procedure of the sea according to the present invention.
  • Figures 4a to 4f is a view showing the rock drilling method excavation procedure of the sea according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rock rock drilling method of the present invention comprises the steps of perforating the explosive field major as necessary in the land to remove the large rock mass exposed to the top of the sea surface (S1);
  • the rock excavated to a certain height in the step S2 is characterized in that it is exposed to the top of the sea level 0.5 ⁇ 1.5m high.
  • step S3 if the planned drilling depth is 9 m or less, the rock is sequentially excavated from the edge adjacent to the shore toward the center portion and excavated in the land state.
  • step S3 if the planned drilling depth is 9 m or more, the rock is sequentially excavated in the direction of the edge from the central portion not adjacent to the coast, and is excavated in the land state.
  • the base material film 10 When the base material film 10 is filled with seawater inward, it is characterized in that it comprises a step (S3-4) to excavate the base material film 10 to the planned drilling depth.
  • the base cover 200 is characterized by blocking the inflow of sea water by monitoring and analyzing the inflow of sea water in real time to the measurement equipment when working inside.
  • step S3-4 is characterized in that the excavation of the ground foundation film 10 by the blasting method and the chain cancer method.
  • the present invention is to continuously excavate the rock under the sea surface in the land state to increase the efficiency and stability of the excavation work to explain the present invention in more detail, first, the present invention is shown in Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1, a perforator 100 is prepared in the excavation area to remove a large rock that is exposed to the upper surface of the sea in the excavation area of the sea, and drills the explosive field major as necessary as the bit 101 of the perforator 100. do.
  • the prepared explosives are inserted and loaded to blast the rocks sequentially to excavate all the large rocks exposed to the upper part of the sea level.
  • the rock exposed to the top of the sea level is excavated to be exposed to a certain height from the top of the sea level so that the rock can be excavated to the rock below the sea level while working safely on the top of the rock in the land state.
  • the rock that is exposed to the top of the sea level is preferably exposed to the height of 0.5 ⁇ 1.5m above the sea level according to the work safety and work efficiency.
  • the excavation depth is divided into a case of 9m or less and a case of 9m or more to perform excavation work differently.
  • drilling is performed from the edge of the rock adjacent to the sea surface to the central direction in order to excavate the rock in the excavation area to the planned drilling depth in the land state (100).
  • Drilling the explosive charge major from the edge of the excavation area using the bit 101 of the) and load the explosive charge continuously to proceed the excavation work sequentially toward the central portion of the excavation area.
  • the excavation may proceed from the edge of the rock adjacent to the sea surface from the edge of the rock to the central direction, but the present invention In order to obtain the maximum excavation effect in the state, as shown in Figs. 4A and 4F, it is preferable to proceed the excavation from the rock center of the excavation zone not adjacent to the sea surface toward the edge of the rock adjacent to the sea surface.
  • the reason for excavating the rock from the central part is that it is difficult for the puncher 100 to drill the explosive charge major more than 9m at a time, and by using the bit 101 of the puncher 100 in the central rock of the excavation area, load the drill and explosives several times.
  • Base plate with working space 150 excavated to the planned drilling depth on the side Such that the 200 is formed in the excavated area.
  • the base cover 200 serves to block the inflow of seawater into the interior of the working space 150 formed in the rock center of the excavation area to excavate the rock located below the sea level to the planned drilling depth in the land state Therefore, the perforator 100 and the worker can excavate to the edge direction side of the rock, which is an area close to the sea surface safely in the land state without being disturbed by the seawater in the working space 150, so that the ground cover 200 is a working space As the rock formations around 150 are sequentially excavated, they are excavated to a predetermined width at the edge of the rock close to the final sea level.
  • the ground cover film 200 is installed with measuring equipment such as a ground water gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, a permeability counter, and the seawater flows into the ground cover film 200. Measurement and analysis of the tendency to be in real time, and when the seawater flows into the base layer 200, the seawater introduced into the base layer 200 to the outside by using the reinforcement method or pumping of low pressure grouting to the workplace Prevent my seawater from entering
  • the top surface of the base cover 200 is excavated to a certain height, but the upper surface of the base cover 200 Surface excavation height is excavated to be lower than the sea level height at low tide so that the seawater naturally flows into the base cover 200 at low tide so that the sea water can be filled into the base cover 200.
  • the base cover 200 After all of the seawater is filled into the base cover 200, the base cover 200, which is the remaining rock in the excavation area, is excavated at a planned drilling depth. At this time, since the sea water is filled inside the base cover 200, the base plate It can greatly reduce the explosion noise generated during excavation of the temporary film 200 and prevent the generation of scattering dust during the explosion, as well as to prevent broken rock fragments from flying in all directions.
  • the excavation of the base cover 200 is carried out using a blasting method using a single and disperse charges used for underwater rock excavation, and the remaining rock is continuously blown by a chain-cracking rod on the Zike Brain.
  • Excavation of the edge rock of the excavation area formed by the base cover 200 is to be all excavated to the planned excavation depth.
  • the present invention can be used to safely excavate most of the rock in the excavation area, except the ground cladding in the land state using the topographic conditions of the ground to increase the efficiency and stability of the excavation process is relatively simple and Since the excavation of underwater rock can be minimized, there is an advantage to improve the economics by shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.
  • the present invention excavates the rock exposed to the upper sea level step by step in the land state, and the rock located below the sea level is excavated from the edge or the center of the excavation area according to the depth of the excavation in the land state to form the base cover around the center Since rock can be excavated in the land state, it is possible to minimize the excavation of underwater rock. Therefore, the rock excavation work can be safely and effectively performed at the same time, and the external excavation of the crushed rock is easy. It is possible to reduce construction costs by drastically reducing time and air, and thus has high industrial applicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a marine bedrock excavating method and, more specifically, to a marine bedrock excavating method for safely and effectively excavating underwater protruded bedrock in an on-land state so as to create a waterway or construct a port for constructing an offshore structure or operating a vessel. The marine bedrock excavating method of the present invention comprises: a step (S1) of drilling up till a required number of explosive loading holes on land so as to remove large scale bedrock exposed above the sea surface; a step (S2) of loading explosives in the explosive loading holes, and then sequentially blasting so as to excavate the large scale bedrock above the sea surface up to a predetermined height from the sea surface; and a step (S3) of excavating, in the on-land state, the bedrock excavated up to the predetermined height from the sea surface, in a direction from an edge toward a center part or from the center part toward the edge of an excavation area, according to a planned excavation depth, so as to excavate bedrock below the sea surface.

Description

해상의 암반 굴착공법Offshore Rock Excavation
본 발명은 해상의 암반 굴착공법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 해양구조물의 구축이나 선박의 운행을 위한 수로의 조성 또는 항만을 구축하기 위해 수중의 돌출된 암반을 육상상태에서 안전하고 효과적으로 굴착하도록 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an offshore rock drilling method, and more particularly, to safely and effectively excavate the protruding rock in the water in the land state in order to construct a waterway for the construction of a marine structure or the construction of a ship or a harbor It is about the rock drilling method of the sea.
해상 활동의 증가 및 물류의 증대로 인하여 항만의 신설 및 항로준설 작업이 증대하고 있다. 이와 같은 항로의 준설은 해수면 아래의 암반이나 토사를 제거하거나, 섬을 제거하는 등의 활동이 수반된다. 일반적으로 해수면 아래의 암반을 제거하는 공법은 대규모 쇄암방법을 이용하거나, 발파공법(다이버를 이용한 수중발파를 하거나, 바지선을 이용한 천공 및 수중발파)을 실시하게 된다.Due to the increase of maritime activities and the increase of logistics, the new port and dredging operations are increasing. Dredging of these routes involves activities such as removing rock or soil below sea level, or removing islands. In general, the method of removing rock below the sea level is to use a large-scale chain rock method, blasting method (underwater blasting using a diver, perforation and underwater blasting using a barge).
예를 들어, 국내공개특허 제10-2000-0036258호에는 천공기(40)가 설치된 토운선(10)을 천공하고자 하는 부위로 이동시켜 고정시킨 후 상기 천공기(40)의 케For example, in Korean Laid-Open Patent No. 10-2000-0036258, the ton ship 10 in which the perforator 40 is installed is moved to a portion to be punched and fixed, and then the cable of the perforator 40 is fixed.
이싱(42)과 비트(43)로 수중 암반에 구멍을 뚫는 제 1 공정과;A first step of drilling holes in the rock under water with the yings 42 and the bits 43;
상기 천공기(40)의 케이싱(42)을 통해 소정길이의 합성수지 파이프(50)를 상단이 토사위로 노출되도록 수중 암반의 구멍속에 박아 구멍의 공벽상태를 유지시키는 제 2 공정과; 상기의 공정을 반복 수행하여 수중 암반의 구멍을 공벽상태로 유지시키는 다수의 합성수지 파이프(50)속에 뇌관과 도폭선이 결합된 소정량의 화약(60)과 모래주머니(70)를 차례로 반복하여 장전하는 제3공정과; 상기 합성수지 파이프(50)속에 장전된 화약(60)들의 도폭선을 토운선(10)에서 인출한 모선과 연결한 다음 발파스위치로 장전된 화약(60)을 폭파시켜 수중 암반을 발파시키는 제4공정으로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 수중 암반의 발파공법이 공개되어 있다.A second step of driving the synthetic resin pipe 50 having a predetermined length through the casing 42 of the perforator 40 in the hole of the underwater rock so that the upper end is exposed to the earth and sand; By repeating the above process to repeatedly load a predetermined amount of gunpowder 60 and sand bag 70 in which a primer and a dopant are combined in a plurality of synthetic resin pipe 50 to maintain the hole in the rock bed underwater. A third step; The fourth step of blasting the rock under water by connecting the explosive lines of the gunpowder 60 loaded in the synthetic resin pipe 50 with the mother bus drawn from the towing line 10 and then blasting the gunpowder 60 loaded by the blasting switch The blasting method of underwater rock characterized by the above-mentioned.
그러나 이와 같은 수중암반 발파공법은 공사기간의 증대 및 공사비용의 증대가 수반되어야 하며, 천공시 천공의 착점위치 선정 및 오차발파로 인해 작업 효율이 저하되고 다이버에 의한 작업을 실시함에 따라 수심에 따른 작업시간의 제한 및 안전문제, 장약작업의 작업 효율이 저하되며 굴착작업 완료 후 준설심도를 육안으로 확인하기 어려우므로 확인을 위하여 레이더 등을 활용하여 3-D 스캔을 실시하여야 하는 문제점이 발생하였다.However, the underwater rock blasting method should be accompanied by an increase in the construction period and an increase in the construction cost, and the work efficiency is deteriorated due to the location of the drilling point and the error blasting during the drilling. Restriction of working time, safety problem, and work efficiency of recharging work are reduced, and it is difficult to check dredging depth visually after completion of excavation work. Therefore, there is a problem that 3-D scan should be performed by using radar.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 육상상태에서 해수면 상부로 돌출된 대부분의 암반을 굴착한 후 지형여건에 따라 해안가와 인접하는 굴착지역의 가장자리 또는 중앙부부터 굴착하여 원지반 가물막이를 형성한 후 단계적으로 해수면 아래에 위치하는 암반을 굴착하도록 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법을 제공함과 동시에 원지반 가물막이의 안전성을 확보하여 작업장의 안전성을 확보하는데 목적이 있다.In order to solve the above problems, after excavating most of the rock protruding to the sea level in the land state and then excavated from the edge or the center of the excavation area adjacent to the shore according to the topography conditions to form a base cover The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock rock excavation method for excavating rock rock located below sea level and to secure the safety of the ground cover.
본 발명 해상의 암반 굴착공법은해수면의 상부로 노출된 대규모 암반을 제거하기 위해 육상에서 필요한 개수만큼 폭약장전공을 천공하는 단계(S1);The rock rock drilling method of the present invention comprises the steps of drilling the explosives field as many as necessary in the land to remove a large rock exposed to the top of the sea surface (S1);
상기 폭약장전공에 폭약을 장전한 후 순차적으로 발파하여 해수면 상부의 대규모 암반을 해수면 상부 일정높이로 굴착하는 단계(S2);Loading explosives in the explosive charge field and sequentially blasting to dig a large rock mass above the sea level to a predetermined height above sea level (S2);
해수면 상부 일정높이로 굴착된 암반을 육상상태에서 계획된 굴착심도에 따라 굴착지역의 가장자리에서 중앙부 방향측 또는 중앙부에서 가장자리 방향측으로 굴착하여 해수면 아래의 암반을 굴착하는 단계(S3)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.Excavating the rock below the sea level by excavating the rock excavated to a predetermined height above the sea level in the direction of the center of the excavation area in the direction of the central portion or the edge of the central portion in accordance with the planned depth of drilling in the land state (S3) .
본 발명은 육상상태에서 단계적으로 해수면 상부로 노출된 암반을 굴착하고 해수면 아래에 위치한 암반은 육상상태에서 굴착심도에 따라 굴착지역의 가장자리 또는 중앙부부터 굴착시켜 중앙부 주위로 원지반 가물막이를 형성한 후 대부분의 암반을 육상상태에서 굴착할 수 있어 수중암반 굴착을 최소화할 수 있으므로 해상의 암반 굴착작업을 안전하고 효과적으로 할 수 있음과 동시에 파쇄암의 외부반출이 용이하여 전체적인 굴착공정이 비교적 간단함은 물론 작업시간 및 공기를 획기적으로 단축하여 공사비를 절감할 수 있는 효과가 있다. The present invention excavates the rock exposed to the upper sea level step by step in the land state, and the rock located below the sea level is excavated from the edge or the center of the excavation area according to the depth of the excavation in the land state to form the base cover around the center Since rock can be excavated in the land state, it is possible to minimize the excavation of underwater rock. Therefore, the rock excavation work can be safely and effectively performed at the same time, and the external excavation of the crushed rock is easy. There is an effect that can reduce the construction cost by dramatically reducing the time and air.
도1 내지 도3은 본 발명에 따른 해상의 암반 굴착공법 굴착순서를 나타내는 도면.1 to 3 is a view showing the rock drilling method excavation procedure of the sea according to the present invention.
도4a 내지 도4f는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 해상의 암반 굴착공법 굴착순서를 나타내는 도면.Figures 4a to 4f is a view showing the rock drilling method excavation procedure of the sea according to another embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명 해상의 암반 굴착공법은 해수면의 상부로 노출된 대규모 암반을 제거하기 위해 육상에서 필요한 개수만큼 폭약장전공을 천공하는 단계(S1);The rock rock drilling method of the present invention comprises the steps of perforating the explosive field major as necessary in the land to remove the large rock mass exposed to the top of the sea surface (S1);
상기 폭약장전공에 폭약을 장전한 후 순차적으로 발파하여 해수면 상부의 대규모 암반을 해수면 상부 일정높이로 굴착하는 단계(S2);Loading explosives in the explosive charge field and sequentially blasting to dig a large rock mass above the sea level to a predetermined height above sea level (S2);
해수면 상부 일정높이로 굴착된 암반을 육상상태에서 계획된 굴착심도에 따라 굴착지역의 가장자리에서 중앙부 방향측 또는 중앙부에서 가장자리 방향측으로 굴착하여 해수면 아래의 암반을 굴착하는 단계(S3)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.Excavating the rock below the sea level by excavating the rock excavated to a predetermined height above the sea level in the direction of the center of the excavation area in the direction of the central portion or the edge of the central portion in accordance with the planned depth of drilling in the land state (S3) .
또한 상기 S2단계에서 일정높이로 굴착된 암반은 해수면 상부로 0.5~1.5m 높이로 노출되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the rock excavated to a certain height in the step S2 is characterized in that it is exposed to the top of the sea level 0.5 ~ 1.5m high.
또한 상기 S3단계에서는 계획 굴착심도가 9m이하일 경우 암반을 해안가와 인접하는 가장자리에서 중앙부 방향측으로 순차적으로 굴착하여 육상상태에서 굴착해 나가는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the step S3, if the planned drilling depth is 9 m or less, the rock is sequentially excavated from the edge adjacent to the shore toward the center portion and excavated in the land state.
또한 상기 S3단계에서는 계획된 굴착심도가 9m이상일 경우에는 암반을 해안가와 인접하지 않은 중앙부에서 가장자리 방향측으로 순차적으로 굴착하여 육상상태에서 굴착해 나가는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the step S3, if the planned drilling depth is 9 m or more, the rock is sequentially excavated in the direction of the edge from the central portion not adjacent to the coast, and is excavated in the land state.
또한 상기 중앙부에서 가장자리 방향측으로 굴착할때는,In addition, when excavating from the center portion toward the edge direction,
굴착지역의 중앙부 암반을 계획된 굴착심도까지 굴착하여 형성된 작업공간(150) 주변으로 원지반 가물막이(200)를 형성하는 단계(S3-1);Forming a base cover 200 around the work space 150 formed by excavating the central rock in the excavation area to the planned excavation depth (S3-1);
상기 원지반 가물막이(200) 내에서 암반의 가장자리 방향을 향해 작업공간(150) 주변 암반들을 순차적으로 굴착하면서 해안가와 근접하게 굴착하는 단계(S3-2);Digging in close proximity to the shore while sequentially excavating rocks around the work space 150 toward the edge of the rock in the base cover 200 (S3-2);
간조시기에 상기 원지반 가물막이(200) 상부면을 일정높이 굴착하여 밀물시기에 원지반 가물막(200)이 내측으로 해수가 유입되도록 하는 단계(S3-3);Excavating the upper surface of the base film 200 at a low tide to a certain height so that the base film 200 is introduced into the sea at a high tide time (S3-3);
상기 원지반 가물막(10)이 내측으로 해수가 채워지면 원지반 가물막이(10)를 계획된 굴착심도로 굴착하는 단계(S3-4)를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.When the base material film 10 is filled with seawater inward, it is characterized in that it comprises a step (S3-4) to excavate the base material film 10 to the planned drilling depth.
또한 상기 원지반 가물막이(200)는 내부에서 작업시 계측장비로 해수의 유입을 실시간으로 관측 및 분석하여 해수의 유입을 차단하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the base cover 200 is characterized by blocking the inflow of sea water by monitoring and analyzing the inflow of sea water in real time to the measurement equipment when working inside.
또한 상기 S3-4단계에서는 발파공법과 쇄암공법으로 원지반 가물막이(10)를 굴착하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the step S3-4 is characterized in that the excavation of the ground foundation film 10 by the blasting method and the chain cancer method.
본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명하고자 한다.Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
종래에는 해수면 아래의 암반을 굴착할 때 수중에서 암반을 천공하고 장약작업 후 발파하는 등의 수중발파를 통해 해수면 아래의 암반을 굴착하므로 천공시 작업효율의 저하와 장약작업시 다이버에 의한 작업으로 작업시간의 제한 및 안전문제가 발생하여 본 발명은 해수면 아래의 암반을 육상상태에서 연속적으로 굴착하여 굴착작업의 효율성 및 안정성을 높일 수 있도록 하는 것으로 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명하면 먼저, 본 발명은 도1에 도시된 바와 같이 해상의 굴착지역에서 해수면 상부로 노출되어 있는 대규모 암반을 제거하기 위해 천공기(100)를 굴착지역에 준비하여 천공기(100)의 비트(101)로 필요한 개수만큼 폭약장전공을 천공한다.Conventionally, when excavating rock below sea level, it excavates the rock below sea level through underwater blasting such as drilling the rock in the water and blasting after recharging work, thus reducing work efficiency during drilling and working by divers during the drilling work. Due to the limitation of time and safety problems, the present invention is to continuously excavate the rock under the sea surface in the land state to increase the efficiency and stability of the excavation work to explain the present invention in more detail, first, the present invention is shown in Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1, a perforator 100 is prepared in the excavation area to remove a large rock that is exposed to the upper surface of the sea in the excavation area of the sea, and drills the explosive field major as necessary as the bit 101 of the perforator 100. do.
상기 다수의 폭약장전공에는 준비된 폭약을 삽입한 후 장전하여 암반을 순차적으로 발파시켜 해수면의 상부로 노출된 대규모 암반을 모두 굴착시키되,In the plurality of explosive charges, the prepared explosives are inserted and loaded to blast the rocks sequentially to excavate all the large rocks exposed to the upper part of the sea level.
도2에 도시된 바와 같이 해수면의 상부로 노출되는 암반은 해수면 상부에서 일정높이로 노출되게 굴착하여 육상상태로 암반의 상부에서 안전하게 작업하면서 해수면 아래의 암반까지 굴착할 수 있도록 한다.As shown in FIG. 2, the rock exposed to the top of the sea level is excavated to be exposed to a certain height from the top of the sea level so that the rock can be excavated to the rock below the sea level while working safely on the top of the rock in the land state.
이때 상기 해수면의 상부로 노출되는 암반은 작업안전성과 작업효율성에 따라 해수면 상부로 0.5~1.5m 높이로 노출되도록 하는 것이 바람직하다.At this time, the rock that is exposed to the top of the sea level is preferably exposed to the height of 0.5 ~ 1.5m above the sea level according to the work safety and work efficiency.
상기 해수면 상부의 일정높이로 굴착된 암반을 육상상태에서 해수면 아래의 계획된 굴착심도까지 굴착하기 위해 굴착심도를 9m 이하일 경우와 9m이상일 경우로 나누어 굴착작업을 다르게 실시한다.In order to excavate the rock excavated to a predetermined height above the sea level from the land state to the planned excavation depth below the sea level, the excavation depth is divided into a case of 9m or less and a case of 9m or more to perform excavation work differently.
상기 계획된 굴착심도가 9m이하일 경우에는 도3에 도시된 바와 같이 육상상태에서 굴착지역의 암반을 계획된 굴착심도까지 굴착하기 위해 해수면과 인접하는 암반의 가장자리부터 중앙부 방향측으로 굴착을 진행하는 것으로 천공기(100)의 비트(101)를 이용해 굴착지역의 가장자리부터 폭약장전공을 천공하고 폭약을 장전하는 작업을 연속실시하여 굴착지역의 중앙부 방향측으로 순차적으로 굴착작업을 진행한다.When the planned drilling depth is 9m or less, as shown in FIG. 3, drilling is performed from the edge of the rock adjacent to the sea surface to the central direction in order to excavate the rock in the excavation area to the planned drilling depth in the land state (100). Drilling the explosive charge major from the edge of the excavation area using the bit 101 of the) and load the explosive charge continuously to proceed the excavation work sequentially toward the central portion of the excavation area.
상기 계획된 굴착심도가 9m이상일 경우에는 육상상태에서 굴착지역의 암반을 계획된 굴착심도까지 굴착하기 위해 굴착지역의 암반을 해수면과 인접하는 암반의 가장자리부터 중앙부 방향측으로 굴착을 진행할 수 있지만, 본 발명은 육상상태에서 최대의 굴착효과를 얻기 위해서 도4a 및 도4f에 도시된 바와 같이 해수면과 인접하지 않은 굴착지역의 암반 중앙부에서부터 해수면과 인접하는 암반의 가장자리 방향측으로 굴착을 진행하는 것이 바람직한 것으로, 굴착지역의 중앙부에서부터 암반을 굴착하는 이유는 천공기(100)가 한번에 9m이상 폭약장전공을 천공하기 어렵기 때문에 굴착지역의 중앙부 암반에 천공기(100)의 비트(101)를 이용해 여러차례 천공 및 폭약을 장전하여 중앙부측에 계획된 굴착심도까지 굴착된 작업공간(150)이 마련된 원지반 가물막이(200)가 굴착지역에 형성되도록 한다.When the planned drilling depth is 9 m or more, in order to excavate the rock in the excavation area to the planned excavation depth in the land state, the excavation may proceed from the edge of the rock adjacent to the sea surface from the edge of the rock to the central direction, but the present invention In order to obtain the maximum excavation effect in the state, as shown in Figs. 4A and 4F, it is preferable to proceed the excavation from the rock center of the excavation zone not adjacent to the sea surface toward the edge of the rock adjacent to the sea surface. The reason for excavating the rock from the central part is that it is difficult for the puncher 100 to drill the explosive charge major more than 9m at a time, and by using the bit 101 of the puncher 100 in the central rock of the excavation area, load the drill and explosives several times. Base plate with working space 150 excavated to the planned drilling depth on the side Such that the 200 is formed in the excavated area.
상기 원지반 가물막이(200)는 해수면 아래에 위치하는 암반을 육상상태에서 계획된 굴착심도까지 굴착하기 위해 상기 굴착지역의 암반 중앙부에 형성된 작업공간(150)의 내부로 해수가 유입되는 것을 차단해주는 역할을 하므로 천공기(100) 및 작업자가 작업공간(150) 내에서 해수의 방해를 받지 않고 육상상태에서 안전하게 해수면과 근접하는 지역인 암반의 가장자리 방향측까지 굴착할 수 있어 원지반 가물막이(200)는 작업공간(150)의 주변 암반들이 순차적으로 굴착되면서 최종 해수면과 근접하는 암반의 가장자리에 소정의 넓이로 굴착되게 된다.The base cover 200 serves to block the inflow of seawater into the interior of the working space 150 formed in the rock center of the excavation area to excavate the rock located below the sea level to the planned drilling depth in the land state Therefore, the perforator 100 and the worker can excavate to the edge direction side of the rock, which is an area close to the sea surface safely in the land state without being disturbed by the seawater in the working space 150, so that the ground cover 200 is a working space As the rock formations around 150 are sequentially excavated, they are excavated to a predetermined width at the edge of the rock close to the final sea level.
그리고 원지반 가물막(200)는 작업장의 안전성 확보를 위하여 원지반 가물막(200)이 내측으로 지하수위계, 간극수압계, 투수계수기 등의 계측 장비를 설치하여 원지반 가물막이(200) 내부로 해수가 유입되는 경향을 실시간으로 계측 및 분석하고, 원지반 가물막이(200) 내측으로 해수가 유입될 경우 저압 그라우팅의 보강 공법 또는 펌핑을 이용하여 원지반 가물막이(200) 내부로 유입된 해수를 외부로 반출시켜 작업장내 해수의 유입을 막을 수 있도록 한다.In addition, in order to secure the safety of the work site, the ground cover film 200 is installed with measuring equipment such as a ground water gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, a permeability counter, and the seawater flows into the ground cover film 200. Measurement and analysis of the tendency to be in real time, and when the seawater flows into the base layer 200, the seawater introduced into the base layer 200 to the outside by using the reinforcement method or pumping of low pressure grouting to the workplace Prevent my seawater from entering
상기 원지반 가물막이(200)가 해수면과 근접하는 지역까지 소정의 넓이로 굴착된 후에는 간조시기에 맞혀 상기 원지반 가물막이(200)의 상부면을 일정높이 굴착하되, 원지반 가물막이(200)의 상부면 굴착높이는 썰물시기의 해수면 높이보다 낮도록 굴착하여 썰물시기에 해수가 원지반 가물막이(200) 내측으로 자연스럽게 유입되어 원지반 가물막이(200) 내측으로 해수가 채워질 수 있도록 한다.After the base cover 200 is excavated with a predetermined area to the area close to the sea surface, the top surface of the base cover 200 is excavated to a certain height, but the upper surface of the base cover 200 Surface excavation height is excavated to be lower than the sea level height at low tide so that the seawater naturally flows into the base cover 200 at low tide so that the sea water can be filled into the base cover 200.
상기 원지반 가물막이(200) 내측으로 해수가 모두 채워진 후에는 굴착지역의 잔여암반인 원지반 가물막이(200)를 계획된 굴착심도로 굴착시키는데 이때, 원지반 가물막이(200) 내측으로는 해수가 채워져있으므로 원지반 가물막이(200) 굴착시 발생하는 폭발소음을 크게 감소시키고 폭발시 비산먼지의 발생을 방지할 뿐 아니라 부서진 암반조각들이 사방으로 날아가는 것을 방지할 수 있다.After all of the seawater is filled into the base cover 200, the base cover 200, which is the remaining rock in the excavation area, is excavated at a planned drilling depth. At this time, since the sea water is filled inside the base cover 200, the base plate It can greatly reduce the explosion noise generated during excavation of the temporary film 200 and prevent the generation of scattering dust during the explosion, as well as to prevent broken rock fragments from flying in all directions.
상기 원지반 가물막이(200)의 굴착은 수중암반 굴착시 이용되는 단일장약 및 분산장약을 이용한 발파공법을 이용해 발파한 후 남은 잔여 암반은 지크브레인에 매단 쇄암봉으로 연속 타격하여 굴착하는 쇄암공법을 통해 원지반 가물막이(200)로 형성된 굴착지역의 가장자리 암반을 계획된 굴착심도로 모두 굴착하도록 한다.The excavation of the base cover 200 is carried out using a blasting method using a single and disperse charges used for underwater rock excavation, and the remaining rock is continuously blown by a chain-cracking rod on the Zike Brain. Excavation of the edge rock of the excavation area formed by the base cover 200 is to be all excavated to the planned excavation depth.
본 발명은 상기에 설명된 바와 같이 원지반 가물막이를 제외한 굴착지역의 대부분의 암반을 원지반의 지형여건을 활용하여 육상상태에서 안전하게 굴착할 수 있어 굴착 효율성 및 안정성을 높일 수 있고 굴착공정이 비교적 간단하며 수중암반 굴착을 최소화시킬 수 있어 공사기간의 단축 및 공사비용의 절감으로 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있는 장점이 있다. The present invention can be used to safely excavate most of the rock in the excavation area, except the ground cladding in the land state using the topographic conditions of the ground to increase the efficiency and stability of the excavation process is relatively simple and Since the excavation of underwater rock can be minimized, there is an advantage to improve the economics by shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.
본 발명은 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 바람직한 실시예를 중심으로 기술되었지만 당업자라면 이러한 기재로부터 본 발명의 범주를 벗어남이 없이 많은 다양한 자명한 변형이 가능하다는 것은 명백하다. 따라서 본 발명의 범주는 이러한 많은 변형의 예들을 포함하도록 기술된 청구범위에 의해서 해석되어져야 한다.While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many various obvious modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention from this description. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be construed by the claims described to include examples of many such variations.
본 발명은 육상상태에서 단계적으로 해수면 상부로 노출된 암반을 굴착하고 해수면 아래에 위치한 암반은 육상상태에서 굴착심도에 따라 굴착지역의 가장자리 또는 중앙부부터 굴착시켜 중앙부 주위로 원지반 가물막이를 형성한 후 대부분의 암반을 육상상태에서 굴착할 수 있어 수중암반 굴착을 최소화할 수 있으므로 해상의 암반 굴착작업을 안전하고 효과적으로 할 수 있음과 동시에 파쇄암의 외부반출이 용이하여 전체적인 굴착공정이 비교적 간단함은 물론 작업시간 및 공기를 획기적으로 단축하여 공사비를 절감할 수 있으므로 산업상 이용가능성이 높은 특징이 있다.The present invention excavates the rock exposed to the upper sea level step by step in the land state, and the rock located below the sea level is excavated from the edge or the center of the excavation area according to the depth of the excavation in the land state to form the base cover around the center Since rock can be excavated in the land state, it is possible to minimize the excavation of underwater rock. Therefore, the rock excavation work can be safely and effectively performed at the same time, and the external excavation of the crushed rock is easy. It is possible to reduce construction costs by drastically reducing time and air, and thus has high industrial applicability.

Claims (8)

  1. 해수면의 상부로 노출된 대규모 암반을 제거하기 위해 육상에서 필요한 개수만큼 폭약장전공을 천공하는 단계(S1);Perforating explosive charge majors as many as necessary on land to remove large rock masses exposed to the top of sea level (S1);
    상기 폭약장전공에 폭약을 장전한 후 순차적으로 발파하여 해수면 상부의 대규모 암반을 해수면 상부 일정높이로 굴착하는 단계(S2);Loading explosives in the explosive charge field and sequentially blasting to dig a large rock mass above the sea level to a predetermined height above sea level (S2);
    해수면 상부 일정높이로 굴착된 암반을 육상상태에서 계획된 굴착심도에 따라 굴착지역의 가장자리에서 중앙부 방향측 또는 중앙부에서 가장자리 방향측으로 굴착하여 해수면 아래의 암반을 굴착하는 단계(S3)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.Excavating the rock below the sea level by digging the rock excavated to a predetermined height above the sea level according to the planned drilling depth in the land state from the edge of the excavation region toward the central direction side or from the central portion to the edge direction (S3). Rock excavation at sea.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 S2단계에서 일정높이로 굴착된 암반은 해수면 상부로 0.5~1.5m 높이로 노출되는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.The rock rock excavated to a predetermined height in step S2 is a rock rock drilling method, characterized in that exposed to the top of the sea level 0.5 ~ 1.5m high.
  3. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 S3단계에서는 계획 굴착심도가 9m이하일 경우 암반을 해안가와 인접하는 가장자리에서 중앙부 방향측으로 순차적으로 굴착하여 육상상태에서 굴착해 나가는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.In the step S3, if the planned drilling depth is less than 9m rock excavation method characterized in that the excavation in the land state by sequentially excavating the rock in the direction of the central portion from the edge adjacent to the coast.
  4. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 S3단계에서는 계획된 굴착심도가 9m이상일 경우에는 암반을 해안가와 인접하지 않은 중앙부에서 가장자리 방향측으로 순차적으로 굴착하여 육상상태에서 굴착해 나가는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.In the step S3, when the planned depth of drilling is more than 9m, rock excavation method characterized in that the excavation in the land state by sequentially excavating the rock in the direction of the edge from the central portion not adjacent to the coast.
  5. 청구항 4에 있어서,The method according to claim 4,
    상기 중앙부에서 가장자리 방향측으로 굴착할때는,When excavating from the center to the edge direction side,
    굴착지역의 중앙부 암반을 계획된 굴착심도까지 굴착하여 형성된 작업공간(150) 주변으로 원지반 가물막이(200)를 형성하는 단계(S3-1);Forming a base cover 200 around the work space 150 formed by excavating the central rock in the excavation area to the planned excavation depth (S3-1);
    상기 원지반 가물막이(200) 내에서 암반의 가장자리 방향을 향해 작업공간(150) 주변 암반들을 순차적으로 굴착하면서 해안가와 근접하게 굴착하는 단계(S3-2);Digging in close proximity to the shore while sequentially excavating rocks around the work space 150 toward the edge of the rock in the base cover 200 (S3-2);
    간조시기에 상기 원지반 가물막이(200) 상부면을 일정높이 굴착하여 밀물시기에 원지반 가물막(200)이 내측으로 해수가 유입되도록 하는 단계(S3-3);Excavating the upper surface of the base film 200 at a low tide to a certain height so that the base film 200 is introduced into the sea at a high tide time (S3-3);
    상기 원지반 가물막(200) 내측으로 해수가 채워지면 원지반 가물막이(200)를 계획된 굴착심도로 굴착하는 단계(S3-4)를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.Sea rock excavation method comprising the step (S3-4) of excavating the base layer film 200 to the planned excavation depth when the seawater is filled into the base film layer 200.
  6. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5,
    상기 S3-4단계에서는 발파공법과 쇄암공법으로 원지반 가물막이(200)를 굴착하는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.In the step S3-4, rock drilling method of the sea, characterized in that the excavation of the ground foundation film 200 by the blasting method and the chain rock method.
  7. 청구항 5에 있어서,The method according to claim 5,
    상기 원지반 가물막이(200)는 내부에서 작업시 계측장비로 해수의 유입을 실시간으로 관측 및 분석하여 해수의 유입을 차단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.The base rock cover 200 is a rock drilling method of the sea, characterized in that to block the inflow of sea water by observing and analyzing the inflow of sea water in real time to the measurement equipment when working inside.
  8. 청구항 6에 있어서,The method according to claim 6,
    상기 발파공법은 단일장약 및 분산장약기법을 적용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 해상의 암반 굴착공법.The blasting method is a rock rock drilling method, characterized in that the application of a single charge and dispersion charge technique.
PCT/KR2016/012959 2015-12-23 2016-11-11 Marine bedrock excavating method WO2017111307A1 (en)

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