CN102235010B - Treatment method for hanging sinking stop due to expansive soil in well sinking - Google Patents
Treatment method for hanging sinking stop due to expansive soil in well sinking Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a treatment method for hanging sinking stop due to expansive soil in well sinking. When the hanging sinking stop is caused by the expansive soil in the well sinking construction process, if the distance between the sinking stop position and the well sinking elevation exceeds 2 meters, blast holes are uniformly distributed in the surrounding earthwork of the lower part of a blade foot, the expansive soil which causes hanging stop is subjected to small equivalent blast, and the expansive soil is blasted; and if the distance between the sinking stop position and the well sinking elevation is less than 2 meters, a blast working face cannot be established, sinking support points are uniformly arranged at the well sinking blade foot, and then the earthwork at the lower part of the blade foot is symmetrically punched by using a high-pressure water gun with flat tube head till the sunken well is sunken. By the method, the contact area of the earthwork and the tube wall is effectively reduced on the premise that the outer wall structure of the sunken wall is not affected, and the super-normal lateral frictional resistance is eliminated, so that the sunken well is uniformly loosened and sunken, the sunken well is prevented from deviating, the construction period is not delayed, and the engineering quality and the construction efficiency of well sinking construction are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the open caisson construction method, specifically, relate to a kind of open caisson and hang the processing method of stopping sinking because of expansive soil.
Background technology
In mine construction, often can adopt the open caisson construction method.So-called open caisson construction method refers to, at first make the open caisson body on ground or melt pit, namely make and possess sinking well component stack shell opening, that steel concrete is made, after this open caisson stack shell reaches some strength, layering shoveling, muck haulage in pit shaft, along with native face in well reduces gradually, the open caisson stack shell overcomes frictional resistance between open caisson outer wall and soil layer by its deadweight, constantly sinks and reaches predetermined working design position.
The characteristics of open caisson construction method as above are, the sectional dimension of caisson structure and rigidity are very large, and bearing capacity is stronger, impervious, good endurance, and the inner space can utilize, and can be used in the construction of the underground construction of the larger degree of depth, and the degree of depth can reach 50 meters usually.And, do not need large-scale and complicated construction equipment in work progress, in draining with all can not construct under drainage situation.In addition, can be used for the construction under various complex-terrains, geology and narrow space condition, less on the impact of adjacent structure, structure.Therefore, compare with the heavy excavation job practices, can greatly reduce dig, the earth volume of fortune, backfill, accelerate speed of application, reduce operating expenses.
But, in the open caisson construction process, owing to usually constructing according to geologic prospect report in early stage, sometimes prepare not enough to the sinking difficulty that may occur, the open caisson stack shell is when arriving the following certain distance in rock stratum, the pressure of soil property and the borehole wall can cause the frictional force between open caisson stack shell and the borehole wall to strengthen, and the sinking of caisson structure to stopping, finally forming " suspension " state by slowly.
When the sinking that the open caisson stack shell occurs is hung, usually the method for taking is, continue weight or caisson structure above the loading of placing of concrete to increase caisson structure, rely on to strengthen caisson structure weight, make load weight with the deadweight addition greater than side friction, thereby impel caisson structure to continue, increase load and generally select the method that adds steel billet on open caisson top.。Or, at the outer wall of caisson structure, the periphery that discharge jet washes away caisson structure is installed, in order to reduce frictional resistance.Or, pour into thixotropic slurry or loess between open caisson outer wall and the borehole wall, reduce frictional force.
But, if adopt method as above, when meeting with expansive clay rock and argillaceous rocks with the open caisson asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen, when forming watertight state, can't pour into mud from borehole wall top.Moreover, due to this moment friction force of earth much larger than the open caisson self gravitation, even increase load above caisson structure, its weight also is difficult to overcome the frictional resistance of ground, such as, if open caisson deadweight 5725t needs to add 20% of deadweight at least as increasing load, i.e. 5725 * 20%=1145t, so the open caisson of diameter must be manufactured the steel platform and adds steel billet again.Not only the cycle is long for this form of construction work, constructional difficulties, and as misoperation in loading process, easily causes open caisson circumference discontinuity, thereby makes open caisson off normal in continuing the sinking process.Therefore, open caisson outer wall expansive soil is become flexible just can make well sinking, a kind of loosening cubic metre of earth of method is to add mechanical shock from top after with machine drilling, but this job practices requires the surrounding of open caisson construction environment to have enough automobiles and bores the position, and the vibrations that external force is large also easily destroy the concrete structure, cause the damage of open caisson.
Based on above reason, a kind of efficient of needs is higher, the open caisson construction method more easily of constructing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the open caisson suspension that produces because of the expansive clay rock in the open caisson construction process that exists in above-mentioned prior art and stop heavy problem, provide a kind of open caisson to hang the processing method of stopping sinking because of expansive soil, cause to hang and stop when heavy when running into the expansive clay rock in the open caisson construction process
Surpass 2m if stop heavy positional distance open caisson absolute altitude, implement the following step and process:
At sword pin surrounding earth excavation, the distance that the scope of excavation surpasses beyond the sword pin is 1/150～1/130 of open caisson external diameter, and the degree of depth of excavation is no more than the expansive clay rock;
After stopping excavation, set up scaffold along the open caisson barrel, lay springboard on scaffold;
Leave open caisson concrete wall along the sword outside of foot from bottom to top with spiral drilling machine and hole obliquely at 3/4 place of excavation scope, hole depth is more than or equal to the open caisson wall thickness, and pitch-row is 2/3 of hole depth;
Load little equivalent emulsification liquid explosive in boring, and the bottom of holing shuts, wherein the design formulas of dose is: Q=AbW
3, wherein Q is the dose take kilogram as measurement unit, and A is the Soil Resistance coefficient, and b is the cartridge bag function coefficient, and W is minimum burden;
Utilize the wire detonating charge, blow and cause open caisson to hang the expansive clay rock that stops sinking, make open caisson continue to sink;
If stop the not enough 2m of heavy positional distance open caisson absolute altitude, can't set up blasting face, implement the following step and process:
Lower cubic metre of earth of caisson cutting edge is evenly excavated 15～20 symmetry holes that are used for vertically placing sleeper;
Completely spread the thick rubble of 200mm bottom open caisson;
Sleeper is vertically put into symmetrical hole, with concrete, symmetry is cheated and fill and lead up and on each top, symmetrical hole, the sinking strong point be set;
Use the earthwork of the symmetrical die-cut sword of the flat giant of tube head underfooting section, until well sinking.
In addition, preferred technical scheme is that described cartridge bag comprises micro-cartridge bag and concussion cartridge bag, wherein
The function coefficient b=0.35 of trace cartridge bag, damage radius R=0.57W;
The function coefficient b=0.70 of concussion cartridge bag, damage radius R=0.7W.
In addition, preferred technical scheme is that minimum burden W gets the loose degree of depth of explosion, namely causes open caisson to hang the thickness of the expansive clay rock that stops sinking.
In addition, preferred technical scheme is that the average of getting admaic earth and limestone is the material resistance coefficient of described expansive clay rock.
In addition, preferred technical scheme is, selects the glue mudding bottom of extremely holing.
Moreover, preferred technical scheme is, before construction in open caisson wall concrete wall the pre-plugged discharge jet, in order to cause and hang the construction that stops after heavy running into the expansive clay rock, inject thixotropic slurry in the barrel outside high pressure, reduce the frictional force between barrel and expansive clay rock.
Moreover preferred technical scheme is, described thixotropic slurry adds 3～6% caustic soda with swell soil and makes.
Moreover preferred technical scheme is before construction, the outer wall more than caisson cutting edge inwardly to be regained 100mm, to reduce the contact area of open caisson outer wall and soil layer.
After adopting such scheme, can effectively reduce the earthwork and barrel contact area under the prerequisite that does not affect the open caisson outer wall construction, eliminate extraordinary side friction, thereby open caisson is sunk smoothly; And the present invention adopts the blasting method of even cloth hole method and the mode that the sinking strong point evenly is set by the symmetrical laying sleeper, all can make open caisson evenly loosen sinking, prevents the open caisson off normal.The job practices cycle provided by the invention is short, and expense is low, successful, and can not stop cutting the earth, do not delay the duration, the also not work holdup of monthly rent equipment, thus effectively improve workmanship and the efficiency of construction of open caisson construction.
Description of drawings
By below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment being described, above-mentioned feature of the present invention and technological merit will become apparent and easily understand.
Fig. 1 means the Rotary Dumper Room sectional drawing that adopts the large-scale well-sinking basis in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 means and cuts the earth in the present invention and blow out schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 means the flow chart that hangs the processing method of stopping sinking when open caisson of the present invention is met expansive soil.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is done further detailed description.
For the convenience of explaining, hereinafter, the expansive clay rock is also referred to as expansive soil.
Fig. 1 means the Rotary Dumper Room sectional drawing that adopts the large-scale well-sinking basis in the embodiment of the present invention.The present invention describes in detail as example and hangs the processing method of stopping sinking when open caisson is met expansive soil to excavate a large-scale well-sinking as mechanization raw material plant train Rotary Dumper Room basis, as shown in Figure 1, the dark 21.7m of the circular open caisson of this Rotary Dumper Room, D outer diameter is 27.5m, wall thickness 1.5m.The open caisson barrel adopts the double-layer double-direction reinforcing bar (basil is encrypted as@150 up and down) of Φ 25@200, the wide 600mm of the basil, the back cover concrete is plain concrete, steel bar concrete,-10.93m place be provided with the steel bar concrete platform, ± the 0.00m place establishes Cantilever Beams, 12 rim of a cup bases are arranged on beam, superstructure is the Prefabricated Concrete I-column, and the roof is steel work, wall, roof color steel plate sealing.
The stratum of the present embodiment construction point mainly is distributed as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. argillic horizon of agglutination sand rock stratum of medium coarse sand and boulder bed of farinose argillic horizon of yellow soil horizon of collapsibility of miscellaneous fill layer, wherein the aquifer be-7.0m～-7. expansive clay rock of 9.5m medium coarse sand and boulder bed.Concrete Construction Specifications are: the heavy excavation earthwork is cut the earth to-6.5m, be as the criterion → construction of first segment open caisson wall with the above 500mm of groundwater table, the approximately sinkings → second section open caisson wall construction of cutting the earth of 8m → for the first time, approximately 7.0m → cut the earth for the second time to sink to putting in place → back cover →-10.93m platform construction → funnel, the 3rd saves barrel and the foundation construction of Cantilever Beams construction → rim of a cup.In the present embodiment, report and the excavation and precipitation situation of casual labourer's journey are mutually surveyed in the base area, and Dewatering all adopts bright row, and ponding well and gutter be all the time with digging under the shoveling absolute altitude, until pass the aquifer certain depth, without till underground water.
When running into thicker (as the thick 15m of reaching) expansive clay rock in work progress, the dilatancy of this argillaceous rocks reaches 30%～45%, the heavy problem of stopping of suspension that causes run into this expansive clay rock in the open caisson construction process, make open caisson sink to smoothly the effect of the position of design thereby utilize little equivalent blasting procedure provided by the invention and the die-cut method of giant can reach the destruction expansive soil, the present embodiment will be explained method of the present invention in the complete work progress of an open caisson wall.
At first, caisson wall adopts conventional reverse mould method construction, does not adopt conventional sand cushion to add the sleeper method below the basil, but has adopted the thick brick Sand-gravel-cushion Technioue of 120mm.For preventing differential settlement, first segment borehole wall concrete is built and is in time observed afterwards, as find that differential settlement surpasses 150mm, settling amount is dug up 4, the rear pad steel bar concrete cushion block that above 1.0m is long, 0.3m is wide, 0.4m is thick than general orientation brick bed course, stop this side to add heavy, also preferentially excavate from here during excavation.
Because open caisson outer wall concrete is waterproof concrete, during Wall Construction reinforcing template used be φ 12@600 to pull bar, the centre adds the weldering seal ring, master plate place, both sides wants the inner small and outside big apron of cushioning φ 60, after form removal with waterproofing mortar floating.The concrete pump truck of brachium 48m is adopted in barrel concrete construction, and each concrete builds that to be controlled at 500mm thick, in case swollen mould and produce constuction joint and leak.
After well sinking one segment distance, run into the expansive clay rock, to stopping, the basil does not cut the earthwork to well sinking by slowly, and open caisson does not sink and is suspended in midair.
Owing to being the open caisson that the expansive clay rock causes, with the open caisson asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen, even therefore the earthwork of basil surrounding is all dug only, reduce friction force of earth due to argillaceous rocks, open caisson still can not sink.In addition, due to caisson wall deadweight considerable (6500t that certainly weighs of caisson wall in this specific embodiment), also can not play much effects even therefore load again the load of little weight, and large weight loading expense is high, operating difficulties that the open caisson diameter causes greatly loading load has also reduced the feasibility that loads little weight load.Therefore, only have the loosening open caisson that just can make of the expansive soil of open caisson outer wall is continued to sink.
Fig. 3 means the flow chart that hangs the processing method of stopping sinking when open caisson of the present invention is met expansive soil, as shown in Figure 3, little equivalent blasting procedure provided by the invention is to be based upon to hang on the basis of setting up blasting face below the sword pin that stops sinking at open caisson, surpass 2m if generally stop heavy positional distance open caisson absolute altitude, just substantially satisfy the condition of setting up the human-generated explosives work plane, can implement the step of following little equivalent explosion and process:
At first, at sword pin surrounding earth excavation, the distance that the scope of excavation surpasses beyond the sword pin is 1/150～1/130 of open caisson external diameter, and the degree of depth of excavation is no more than the expansive clay rock;
After stopping excavation, set up scaffold along the open caisson barrel, lay springboard on scaffold;
Then, leave open caisson concrete wall along the sword outside of foot from bottom to top with spiral drilling machine and hole obliquely at 3/4 place of excavation scope, hole depth is more than or equal to the open caisson wall thickness, and pitch-row is 2/3 of hole depth;
Load little equivalent emulsification liquid explosive in boring, and the bottom of holing shuts, wherein the design formulas of dose is: Q=AbW
3, wherein Q is the dose take kilogram as measurement unit, and A is the Soil Resistance coefficient, and b is the cartridge bag function coefficient, and W is minimum burden;
Utilize the wire detonating charge, blow and cause open caisson to hang the expansive clay rock that stops sinking, make open caisson continue to sink.
In this specific embodiment, open caisson once sinks by slowly to stopping during the 4.5m left and right passing cementing rock stratum, be suspended in midair, at this moment, the distance that the 15m left and right is still arranged apart from the open caisson absolute altitude, satisfy the condition of setting up the human-generated explosives work plane fully, therefore, can adopt the method for above-mentioned little equivalent explosion to process.The Specific construction process is as follows:
First excavate, fetch earth during excavation all than manying the 200mm left and right beyond the basil, with reduce as far as possible sink after frictional resistance, when being excavated to the following 5.0m of basil left and right, from absolute altitude poor 3.0m also, after also not passing the expansive clay rock, then dig danger close, stop shoveling.Then set up simple and easy scaffold along the open caisson barrel, lay the wooden springboard of trampling for artificial boring on scaffold.After scaffold is laid and is completed, manually leave concrete wall 150mm with φ 40 spiral drilling machines are bottom-up outside the basil, oblique up-hole, hole depth 〉=1.5m, pitch-row is 1m, holes altogether 84, load onto the underground static blasting explosive of emulsification of caliber φ 20, high 200mm, bottom water clay is shut, and wire connects rear personnel and withdraws, and detonates simultaneously.
Wherein, explosion cartridge bag quantity is calculated as follows:
Q＝AbW
3
Wherein, Q represents dose (kg), and A represents the material resistance coefficient, and b represents the cartridge bag function coefficient, and W represents minimum burden.
Material resistance coefficient A value distributes according to stratum soil property concrete in construction environment and decides, and is generally:
The new long-pending ground 0.26 that loosens the soil
Soil 0.51 with husky and rubble
The soil 0.55 that plant is arranged
Gaza, wet sand ground 0.66
Sandy clay, hard blue or green clay 0.70
Stony soil 0.77
Admaic earth 0.98
Limestone 1.11
Granite 1.34
Cartridge bag has micro-cartridge bag and shakes two kinds of cartridge bags, and its cartridge bag function coefficient b is respectively:
Trace cartridge bag b=0.35 R (damage radius)=0.57W
Concussion cartridge bag b=0.70 R (damage radius)=0.7W
Minimum burden W is generally equal to the loose degree of depth that needs explosion, namely cause open caisson hover, with the thickness of the expansive clay rock of open caisson " locking ".
For this engineering, due to without expanded clay rock resistance coefficient, close is admaic earth and limestone, gets both average, A=(0.98+1.11)/2=1.045.In this engineering, dose is by micro-explosive bag compute, b=0.35.Through measuring and calculating, with the about 2m of the expanded clay rock thickness of open caisson " locking ", therefore the approximately 0.8m～1.0m of width that deforms, gets W=2.Calculating accordingly explosion needs the single hole explosive payload as follows with total explosive charge:
By micro-explosive bag compute Q=AbW
3R (damage radius)=0.57W
Single cartridge bag Q=1.045 * 0.35 * 2
3=2.926 (kg)
Total cartridge bag amount=single cartridge bag amount * total cartridge bag number
Wherein, total cartridge bag number=π D/ pitch-row=3.14 * 27.5m/1m=86.35, wherein D is the open caisson external diameter; According to this result of calculation, define 86 neutral gears, namely need 86 borings, 86 cartridge bags.
: total cartridge bag amount=86 * 2.926=251.636kg
R (damage radius)=0.57W=0.57 * 2=1.14m＞1.0m satisfies the scarifying the soil requirement.
The liquid emulsion explosive is controlled density (ρ) generally at 0.95～1.05g/cm
3Between, select in the present embodiment 1g/cm
3, powder stick radius 3cm, clean medicine radius (r) be by 2.8cm, every volume high (h) 20cm, and the heavy π r2h of each powder stick ρ=3.14 * 2.82 * 20 * 1=492.352g, powder charge 2926 ÷ 492.352=5.94 ≈ 6 volumes altogether are therefore select 6 powder sticks.Drilling depth 1.5m, powder charge 1.2m, bottom 300mm tamps stifled tight with waterproof clay, controlled blasting in Unified Set.
Fig. 2 means in the present invention and to cut the earth and to blow out schematic diagram, and as shown in Figure 2, open caisson is blown resistance and reduced rapid sinking along with the quilt of soil, has played Expected Results.
Above-mentioned micro-blasting procedure provided by the invention, evenly hole in open caisson downside outer wall surrounding, fill the liquid explosive blasting of little equivalent emulsification, can be under the prerequisite that does not affect the open caisson outer wall construction, that the shake of the expanded clay rock of " locking " open caisson under caisson cutting edge is loose and explode a part, reduce the earthwork and barrel contact area, eliminate extraordinary side friction, thereby open caisson is sunk smoothly; And the present invention adopts the blasting method of even cloth hole method, makes open caisson evenly loosen sinking, prevents the open caisson off normal.This construction method cycle is short, and expense is low, successful, and can not stop cutting the earth, do not delay the duration, the yet not work holdup of monthly rent equipment.In concrete Construction practices, this project construction is only used 2 days, spends 5000 yuan.
As shown in the flow chart of Fig. 3, if open caisson stop the not enough 2m of heavy positional distance open caisson absolute altitude, can't set up blasting face, can adopt the die-cut method of giant provided by the invention to process, specifically comprise the steps:
Lower cubic metre of earth of caisson cutting edge is evenly excavated 15～20 symmetry holes that are used for vertically placing sleeper;
Completely spread the thick rubble of 200mm bottom open caisson;
Sleeper is vertically put into symmetrical hole, with concrete, symmetry is cheated and fill and lead up and on each top, symmetrical hole, the sinking strong point be set;
Use the earthwork of the symmetrical die-cut sword of the flat giant of tube head underfooting section, until well sinking.
In this specific embodiment, put in place in the earthwork, well sinking is to also occurring again stopping sinking during surplus 0.5m apart from design elevation, reason is still the expansive clay rock with the open caisson asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen, there is no the blasting boreholes work plane this moment, can't solve by explosion again, therefore first remove earth moving plant, with cost reduction.This time expansive soil is actual (has dug 200 with soil when cutting the earth because of upper joint with barrel locking thickness is little, for soil expansion makes allowances, now the expansive soil Thickness Ratio that works was little last time), go out 150mm left and right circular trough in the basil concrete wall outside therefore adopt the die-cut method of above-mentioned giant provided by the invention, make open caisson rely on deadweight to continue to sink under the help of cannelure, act on identical with demolition effect.The Specific construction process is as follows:
First lower cubic metre of earth of caisson cutting edge is dug 16 200 * 400 * 1200 symmetrical holes, then 16 160 * 320 * 1000 sleepers are vertically put into symmetrical hole, make sleeper evenly pad in the open caisson surrounding, the remaining space concrete leveling of then symmetry being cheated, and make high 100 left and right of end face ratio design on it, as the well sinking strong point.Because a small amount of underground water is arranged at open caisson bottom, completely spread 200 thick rubbles in the open caisson bottom, the workman can be worked under anhydrous condition, utilize simultaneously these rubble filtering undergrounds, do the giant water source.In addition, best if the well sinking impact force is depressed sleeper, otherwise stone under sleeper manually can be drawn out, make open caisson naturally sink to putting in place.The leading portion of giant is with 2 cun high-pressure rubber hoses, and water gun nozzle adopts 2 cun seamless pipes and tube head pounded flat, then simmer into "
" shape, the symmetrical die-cut caisson cutting edge bottom earthwork of two giants, on one side cubic metre of earth transporting of will sweeping away of die-cut one side, cut a cubic metre of earth 100mm at every turn, continual die-cut along the border.Die-cut through after a while gone out 200 * 900 groove, and the sinking sign appears in open caisson, stops operation immediately, and open caisson sinks to putting in place finally about 2 hours.Through measuring, the open caisson centre deviation is: the north-south is to the south inclined to one side 50, East and West direction westwards inclined to one side 30; Absolute altitude: east is low by 30, and the west is high by 50, and north is low by 70, and south is high by 60, all in the standard allowed band.
In addition, stop heavy situation for fear of suspension occurs in the open caisson construction process, also to stop sinking in order occurring at open caisson can better eliminating when suspension stops heavy situation, can also to take to strengthen the open caisson deadweight before construction, reclaim barrel more than the sword pin, prevent in measures such as open caisson outside high pressure injection thixotropic slurries.Prevention measures is as follows:
At first survey report with scrutinizing, grasp job site distribution of strata situation, then calculate the side grinding resistance, if the side grinding resistance greater than or conduct oneself with dignity near open caisson, should suitably strengthen wall thickness to increase the open caisson deadweight by design, also can consider that the open caisson merogenesis reduces joint number as far as possible and increases the open caisson deadweight when making; The above outer wall of sword pin inwardly can be regained 100mm in addition, thereby reduce soil and outer wall contact area, reach and reduce the side grinding resistance, guarantee that open caisson sinks smoothly, but this way to note by excavation sequence and shoveling width open caisson deviation rectification, particularly position deviation.
When adopting open caisson outer wall discharge jet to wash away around open caisson cubic metre of earth job practices with the power of reducing friction, also can be first with the discharge jet pre-plugged in the concrete wall of open caisson wall, in work progress by pre-buried discharge jet toward the lubricating fluid of annotating between open caisson outer wall and soil layer, the method is more applicable for sand and sand formation.Along with well sinking, can inject thixotropic slurry in the barrel outside high pressure when clay or expansive soil construction, mud adds 3～6% caustic soda with swell soil to be made, and mud plays lubrication, thus the power of reducing friction.
In sum, the processing method that open caisson provided by the invention stops sinking because expansive soil hangs both preventive action proves through concrete Construction practices, can effectively eliminate the problem of hovering that has expansive clay in construction environment and well sinking is caused, and can not stop cutting the earth, do not delay the duration, the also not work holdup of monthly rent equipment makes the integral construction cycle of open caisson shorten, expense reduces, and improves workmanship and the efficiency of construction of open caisson construction.
Under above-mentioned instruction of the present invention; those skilled in the art can carry out various improvement and distortion on the basis of above-described embodiment; and these improvement and distortion; all drop in protection scope of the present invention; those skilled in the art should be understood that; above-mentioned specific descriptions are just better explained purpose of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. an open caisson hangs the processing method of stopping sinking because of expansive soil, it is characterized in that, and cause to hang and stop when heavy when running into the expansive clay rock in the open caisson construction process,
Surpass 2m if stop heavy positional distance open caisson absolute altitude, implement the following step and process:
At sword pin surrounding earth excavation, the distance that the scope of excavation surpasses beyond the sword pin is 1/150～1/130 of open caisson external diameter, and the degree of depth of excavation is no more than the expansive clay rock;
After stopping excavation, set up scaffold along the open caisson barrel, lay springboard on scaffold;
Leave open caisson concrete wall along the sword outside of foot from bottom to top with spiral drilling machine and hole obliquely at 3/4 place of excavation scope, hole depth is more than or equal to the open caisson wall thickness, and pitch-row is 2/3 of hole depth;
Load little equivalent emulsification liquid explosive in boring, and the bottom of holing shuts, wherein the design formulas of dose is: Q=AbW
3, wherein Q is the dose take kilogram as measurement unit, and A is the Soil Resistance coefficient, and b is the cartridge bag function coefficient, and W is minimum burden;
Utilize the wire detonating charge, blow and cause open caisson to hang the expansive clay rock that stops sinking, make open caisson continue to sink;
If stop the not enough 2m of heavy positional distance open caisson absolute altitude, can't set up blasting face, implement the following step and process:
Lower cubic metre of earth of caisson cutting edge is evenly excavated 15～20 symmetry holes that are used for vertically placing sleeper;
Completely spread the thick rubble of 200mm bottom open caisson;
Sleeper is vertically put into symmetrical hole, with concrete, symmetry is cheated and fill and lead up and on each top, symmetrical hole, the sinking strong point be set;
Use the earthwork of the symmetrical die-cut sword of the flat giant of tube head underfooting section, until well sinking.
2. according to processing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Described cartridge bag comprises micro-cartridge bag and concussion cartridge bag, wherein
The function coefficient b=0.35 of trace cartridge bag, damage radius R=0.57W;
The function coefficient b=0.70 of concussion cartridge bag, damage radius R=0.7W.
3. according to processing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Described minimum burden W gets the loose degree of depth of explosion, namely causes open caisson to hang the thickness of the expansive clay rock that stops sinking.
4. according to processing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
The average of getting admaic earth and limestone is the material resistance coefficient of described expansive clay rock.
5. according to processing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Select the glue mudding bottom of extremely holing.
6. according to the described processing method of any one in claim 1～5, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Before construction in open caisson wall concrete wall the pre-plugged discharge jet, in order to cause and hang the construction stop after heavy running into the expansive clay rock, inject thixotropic slurry in the barrel outside high pressure, reduce the frictional force between barrel and expansive clay rock.
7. according to processing method claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that,
Described thixotropic slurry adds 3～6% caustic soda with swell soil and makes.
8. according to processing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Before construction, the outer wall more than caisson cutting edge is inwardly regained 100mm, to reduce the contact area of open caisson outer wall and soil layer.
9. according to processing method claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Before construction, the outer wall more than caisson cutting edge is inwardly regained 100mm, to reduce the contact area of open caisson outer wall and soil layer.
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| CN103046569B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-11-05 | 中铁大桥局股份有限公司 | Construction method for large-sized open caisson to penetrate through cement interlayer in deepwater |
| CN106088125B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2018-03-30 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Soil body underwater demolition drawing out soil equipment and its method immediately below the cutting shoe of open caisson |
| CN106522254B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2019-03-12 | 中钢集团武汉安全环保研究院有限公司 | A kind of novel open caisson explosion helps heavy method |
| CN106812148A (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2017-06-09 | 北京中岩大地科技股份有限公司 | A kind of open caisson construction technique |
| CN108677984A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-19 | 广东省建筑工程机械施工有限公司 | A kind of land sunk well helps heavy technique |
| CN113482028B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2023-06-09 | 中建一局集团第五建筑有限公司 | Construction method for breaking open caisson pile |
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| SU813991A1 (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1989-06-23 | Институт Геотехнической Механики Ан Усср | Method of driving sinking well into ground |
| CN101660313A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2010-03-03 | 中冶集团华冶资源开发有限责任公司 | Well-sinking construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH10280423A (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 1998-10-20 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | Sinking method of pneumatic caisson |
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| SU813991A1 (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1989-06-23 | Институт Геотехнической Механики Ан Усср | Method of driving sinking well into ground |
| CN101660313A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2010-03-03 | 中冶集团华冶资源开发有限责任公司 | Well-sinking construction method |
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