WO2017107593A1 - Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de faisceau - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de faisceau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017107593A1
WO2017107593A1 PCT/CN2016/099370 CN2016099370W WO2017107593A1 WO 2017107593 A1 WO2017107593 A1 WO 2017107593A1 CN 2016099370 W CN2016099370 W CN 2016099370W WO 2017107593 A1 WO2017107593 A1 WO 2017107593A1
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Prior art keywords
directional
awv
transmit
beam training
codebook
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PCT/CN2016/099370
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高波
袁弋非
王欣晖
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
    • H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a beam training method and apparatus.
  • LTE/LTE-Advanced proposes many technical strategies to optimize 3GPP wireless access from three dimensions: frequency domain, time domain and airspace.
  • 3GPP wireless access is capable of supporting the rapid growth of wireless data services.
  • increasing bandwidth is an effective and direct way to increase link capacity.
  • beam aggregation technology allows LTE-Advanced to use up to 100MHz of bandwidth to meet this capacity requirement.
  • the single-input single-output (SISO) + beamforming (Beamforming) mode is an important system architecture with low complexity and easy implementation.
  • the SISO-Beamforming mode has been widely used.
  • the antenna array of the receiver and the transmitter respectively has n r and n t antenna units, and the antenna units have the same transmission power and are capable of radio frequency ( The RF) signal is phase shifted.
  • the antenna unit of the transceiver is connected to a single analog RF link.
  • a single data stream is transmitted from multiple weight antenna units; at the receiving end, signals from multiple antenna elements are weighted and combined into a single signal stream, as shown in FIG.
  • AWV Application Weighting Vector
  • the base station will attempt to train multiple users (UEs) during each beam training. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the base station needs to separately train UE-a, UE-b, and UE-c, and find an optimal beam combination corresponding to each UE for constructing a transmission link.
  • the paths Path a , Path b, and Path c represent the strongest physical paths corresponding to UE-a, UE-b, and UE-c, respectively.
  • the purpose of performing beam training between the base station and UE-a, UE-b, and UE-c is to distinguish the beam combinations corresponding to Path a , Path b, and Path c , respectively.
  • the beam combination corresponding to the path a constitutes a data transmission link between the base station and the UE-a
  • the beam combination corresponding to the path b constitutes a data transmission link between the base station and the UE-b
  • the beam combination corresponding to the path c constitutes the base station and the UE.
  • the beam training process between UEs is not related to each other.
  • the base station performs beam training with multiple terminals.
  • the base station scans all the transmit beams, and each UE uses an omnidirectional antenna to receive and separately selects the base station transmit beam sequence number for obtaining the optimal channel quality; then, each UE will The sequence numbers of the respective selected transmit beams are fed back to the base station; the base station sequentially transmits corresponding beams to the UEs according to the transmit beam numbers fed back by the UE, and each UE performs the reception and scan on the directional beams sent by the base station to the base station, and then determines its own optimality. Receive beam.
  • the base station needs to separately perform beam training with multiple UEs according to the feedback time division of each UE, as the number of UEs increases, the beam training pilot cost will increase sharply, thereby reducing spectrum utilization and affecting system throughput. .
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a beam training method and apparatus, which can improve beam training efficiency and reduce beam training overhead.
  • the present invention provides a beam training method applied to a user terminal, the method comprising:
  • the antenna weight vector AWV of the probe beam is known to the user terminal;
  • the information of the best directional transmit beam is fed back to the base station.
  • the estimating a channel response under different probe beams according to the receiving of the beam training pilot includes:
  • Channel response estimation matrix L represents the maximum delay spread of the channel, and m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot.
  • the receiving the best critical path from the time domain resolution comprises:
  • the row vector having the largest energy is selected as the critical path, and the relative delay ⁇ corresponding to the critical path is:
  • the argmax function represents Find the maximum value for the variable And output its corresponding variable
  • Column vector 2 norm, expressed Signal energy Indicates the relative delay is
  • the channel vector of the m-th channel response estimate corresponding to the path is the channel response estimation matrix.
  • First Transpose of the line; m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot.
  • the determining, according to the identified critical path, the best directional transmit beam and the best directional receive beam combination from the preset directional transmission codebook including:
  • the argmin function indicates that the minimum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable Represents the square of the 2 norm, ⁇ ⁇ represents the ⁇ column vector of the detection matrix ;;
  • the argmax function indicates that the maximum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable
  • indicates an absolute value
  • the optimal directional transmit beam and the best directional receive beam combination include: an optimal directional transmit beam sequence number And optimal directional receive beam number
  • the best directional transmit beam sequence number is a sequence number of the AWV of the best directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmit codebook
  • the best directional receive beam sequence number is the AWV of the best directional receive beam.
  • receiving the beam training pilot sent by the base station including:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different, and the AWV of the receiving probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is also different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase; and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot The AWV is different from the AWV of the directional receive beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase.
  • the transmit probe beam and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot have at least one of the following characteristics:
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot are both generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function.
  • the present invention also provides a beam training method applied to a base station, the method comprising:
  • the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot has at least one of the following characteristics:
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function.
  • sending a beam training pilot to the user terminal including:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase.
  • sending the beam training pilot to the user terminal includes: broadcasting the beam training pilot to the multiple user terminals.
  • the information of the optimal directional transmit beam is a sequence number of the AWV of the optimal directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmission codebook
  • the preset directional transmission codebook is a codebook used by the base station in the transmission phase.
  • the present invention provides a beam training device applied to a user terminal, including:
  • a pilot receiving module configured to receive a beam training pilot transmitted by the base station, where an antenna weight vector AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is known by the user terminal;
  • An estimation module is configured to estimate a channel response under different probe beams according to the reception of the beam training pilot, and receive an optimal critical path from the time domain, and transmit the codebook from the preset orientation according to the identified critical path. Determining an optimal directional transmit beam and an optimal directional receive beam combination;
  • a feedback module configured to feed back information of the best directional transmit beam to the base station.
  • the estimating module is configured to estimate a channel response under different probe beams according to the receiving of the beam training pilot, including:
  • Channel response estimation matrix L represents the maximum delay spread of the channel, and m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot.
  • the estimation module is configured to receive the best critical path from the time domain resolution, including:
  • the argmax function represents Find the maximum value for the variable And output its corresponding variable
  • Column vector 2 norm, expressed Signal energy Indicates the relative delay is
  • the channel vector of the m-th channel response estimate corresponding to the path is the channel response estimation matrix.
  • First Transpose of the line; m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot.
  • the estimating module is configured to determine, according to the identified critical path, the best directional transmit beam and the best directional receive beam combination from the preset directional transmission codebook, including:
  • the argmin function indicates that the minimum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable Represents the square of the 2 norm, ⁇ ⁇ represents the ⁇ column vector of the detection matrix ;;
  • the argmax function indicates that the maximum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable
  • indicates an absolute value
  • the optimal directional transmit beam and the best directional receive beam combination include: an optimal directional transmit beam sequence number And optimal directional receive beam number
  • the best directional transmit beam sequence number is a sequence number of the AWV of the best directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmit codebook
  • the best directional receive beam sequence number is the AWV of the best directional receive beam.
  • the pilot receiving module is configured to receive the beam training pilot sent by the base station, including:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different, and the AWV of the receiving probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is also different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase; and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot The AWV is different from the AWV of the directional receive beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase.
  • the transmit probe beam and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot have at least one of the following characteristics:
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot are both generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function.
  • the present invention also provides a beam training device applied to a base station, including:
  • a pilot transmission module configured to send a beam training pilot to the user terminal, where an antenna weight vector AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is known by the user terminal;
  • the response receiving module is configured to receive information of the best directional transmit beam determined by the user terminal from the preset directional transmission codebook fed back by the user terminal.
  • the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot has at least one of the following characteristics:
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function.
  • the pilot sending module is configured to send a beam training pilot to the user terminal, including:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase.
  • the pilot sending module is configured to send the beam training pilot to the user terminal, including: broadcasting the beam training pilot to the multiple user terminals.
  • the information of the optimal directional transmit beam is a sequence number of the AWV of the optimal directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmission codebook
  • the preset directional transmission codebook is a codebook used by the base station in the transmission phase.
  • the present invention provides a beam training method and apparatus.
  • the beam training phase uses non-directional beam for training, and the user terminal can estimate the combination of the best transmit beam and the receive beam from the channel response, because the base station can Each user terminal is trained in parallel, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of beam training and reducing the overhead of beam training.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transceiver end of a SISO-Beamforming communication system in the related art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-user beam training scenario under SISO-Beamforming in the related art.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a phased process of a training process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a radiation diagram of a probe beam antenna generated by a Bernoulli random distribution function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of pilot transmission and reception according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a detection phase according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart (base station side) of a beam training method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart (user terminal side) of a beam training method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a beam training apparatus (base station side) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a beam training apparatus (user terminal side) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission beam antenna weight vector (AWV) set in the data transmission phase may be different from the detection beam AWV set in the waveform training phase. If the transmission beam AWV in the data transmission phase is the same as the detection beam AWV in the beam training phase, the solution proposed in this patent can still be supported. Accordingly, the transmission beam AWV is indicated by the symbol "w" and the detection beam AWV is represented by the symbol "u”. Specifically, the transmission beam AWV is specified by a preset directional beam codebook.
  • the transmission beam codebook is an n ⁇ K matrix, ie n represents the number of antenna elements, and K represents the number of directional beams specified by the transmission beam codebook, and n ⁇ K.
  • the received transmission beam codebook is a matrix of n r ⁇ K r , ie Where n r represents the number of antenna elements at the receiving end, and K r represents the number of directional beams specified by the received codebook matrix.
  • the transmit transmission beam codebook is a matrix of n t ⁇ K t , ie Where n t represents the number of antenna elements at the transmitting end, and K t represents the number of directional beams specified by the transmitted codebook matrix.
  • Each column of the matrix and the matrix W t W r are generated directional beam represents a preset AWV.
  • w r,k denotes the kth column of the received codebook matrix W r
  • w t,l denotes the first column of the transmitted codebook matrix W t .
  • beam training finds the optimal beam combination (k opt , l opt ) from the preset transmission beam codebook to maximize the receiver SNR during the data transmission phase, where k opt represents the best column number in the received code combination of the beam of the matrix W r, l opt represents the column number of the best beam transmitted code matrix W t of the present compositions.
  • the overall training process consists of four phases: the initialization phase, the training phase, the detection phase, and the response phase.
  • One of the base stations trains T UEs.
  • the base station broadcasts pilots to all UEs, and each UE can implement beam combination detection separately.
  • Each UE feeds back the detected optimal beam number of the transmitting end to the base station. This means that multi-user beam training is parallel and the training overhead is independent of the number of loads in the network.
  • the beam training method of the present invention specifically includes the following four stages:
  • the base station starts beam training with multiple UEs (User Equipments).
  • UEs User Equipments
  • the base station broadcasts training pilots to all UEs. Each UE receives the training pilot.
  • the transmission probe beam AWV is different, and the reception probe beam AWV is also different.
  • the transmitting probe beam AWV of the base station can be known to each UE by a prior agreement.
  • the proposed probe beam requires that the antenna gain envelope have non-significant directional characteristics, and there is no significant correlation between the two beams, that is, independence.
  • the probe beam is implemented by the configuration of the antenna array AWV. For example, all elements in the AWV (u r, i and u t, i ) of each probe beam are generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function and are independent of each other. .
  • a method of generating a probe beam AWV is as follows:
  • u t,i [1;-1;1;1;-1;1;1;1;1;1;1;-1;-1;-1;-1],(b)
  • u r,i [-1;-1;-1;-1;-1;-1;1;-1;-1;-1;1;-1;1;1;1].
  • the above detection beam does not have a clear directivity.
  • the beam training pilot is composed of multiple x sequence repetitions.
  • the x sequence is a classical channel estimation sequence, such as a PN sequence or a Golay sequence.
  • the transmit and receive beams (AWV) corresponding to each x channel estimation sequence are different, and the transmitting end transmits the AWV used by the pilot, and the receiving end needs to be known. Therefore, the transmitting end AWV can be transmitted to the receiving end in advance, or the AWV generating mode can be directly determined by the protocol (for example, the protocol specifies the channel estimation pilot, and the receiving end is known).
  • the total number of transmitted and received x sequences is m, which determines the entire training overhead.
  • the number of probe beam combinations m ⁇ log(K r K t ).
  • the empirical parameter ⁇ is called the probe beam combination number coefficient, which determines the effect of beam combination detection. Specifically, as the probe beam combination number coefficient ⁇ increases, we can obtain better detection performance, but it also generates more training overhead.
  • the system can set the transmission beam AWV codebook according to actual needs.
  • the transmission beam AWV codebook specified by the IEEE 802.15.3c standard.
  • the codebook only requires that the analog phase shifter provide four controllable phases of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.
  • the value of the (i, m) element of the transmission phase codebook matrix W is expressed as:
  • n-1 0, ...
  • K-1 the codebook number
  • K the number of directional codebooks (the number of controllable beams).
  • each UE independently estimates the channel response under different probe beams AWV, thereby independently detecting the corresponding optimal beam combination. If the UE receives the broadcast beam training pilot, it is desirable to obtain the key path beam combination sequence number set by the critical path beam combination detection algorithm. with among them, Indicates the transmit beam number, Can be provided to the base station, Indicates the receiving beam number, Can be provided to the UE.
  • the critical path beam combination detection algorithm distinguishes the critical path from the time domain, and then detects the corresponding optimal beam combination from the preset transmission beam AWV codebook. Since the beam generated by the data transmission beam codebook has strong directivity, the process of detecting the beam combination is equivalent to the spatial domain search. Specifically, the algorithm consists of channel estimation, critical path selection, and optimal beam combination detection. The block diagram is shown in FIG. 6.
  • Channel response estimation matrix L represents the maximum delay spread of the channel
  • m represents the number of repeated transmission x sequences, which is also the number of probe beam combinations.
  • the row vector with the largest energy is selected, that is, the critical path with the largest energy is selected, wherein the relative delay is used as the identifier of the critical path. If ⁇ is used to represent the relative delay corresponding to the critical path, then
  • argmax function is represented by Find the maximum value for the variable And output its corresponding variable
  • Column vector 2 norm ie Signal energy Indicates the relative delay
  • the m-th channel response of the path is estimated by the column vector and is the channel response estimation matrix First Transpose of the line; m represents the number of times the beam training pilot is repeatedly transmitted, and is also the number of probe beam combinations.
  • the critical path is the physical channel path pointed by the optimal beam combination. After estimating the relative delay ⁇ of the critical path in the time domain, if the receiving end knows the transmitting beam sequence number of the transmitting end, the maximum likelihood estimation can be used to estimate the location.
  • the best received beam sequence number that best matches the transmit beam number is as follows:
  • the argmin function indicates that the minimum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable Represents the square of the 2 norm, ⁇ ⁇ represents the ⁇ column vector of the detection matrix ;;
  • the argmax function indicates that the maximum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable
  • indicates an absolute value
  • the detection matrix Is known, the ith i-behavior column vector Directive reception is preset codebook, n r represents the number of the receiving end of the antenna element, K r represents the predetermined directional beam number received codebook specified orientation; Is a preset directional transmission codebook, n t represents the number of antenna units at the transmitting end, K t represents the number of directional beams specified by the preset directional transmission codebook; “u” represents the detection beam AWV, u r, i represents the ith Receiving the probe beam AWV, u t, i represents the ith transmit probe beam AWV; the vec() function represents the column vectorization of the matrix;
  • the multiple UEs feed back the training result including the optimal beam combination sequence number to the base station (each UE may sequentially feed back to the base station). Beam training ends.
  • the invention can realize multi-user beam combination synchronous search, so that the training overhead and the number of users are independent from each other, which can greatly reduce the training overhead and improve the beam training efficiency.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam training method, which is applied to a base station, and the method includes:
  • S701 Send a beam training pilot to the user terminal, where an antenna weight vector AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is known by the user terminal;
  • the sending a beam training pilot to the user terminal includes: broadcasting a beam training pilot to multiple user terminals;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function; that is, the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is implemented by configuring the antenna array AWV. For example, all elements in the AWV(u t,i ) of each transmitted probe beam are generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function and are independent of each other.
  • the sending a beam training pilot to the user terminal includes:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase;
  • the information of the optimal directional transmit beam is a sequence number of the AWV of the optimal directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmission codebook; the preset directional transmission codebook is a code used by the base station in the transmission phase.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a beam training method, which is applied to a user terminal, and the method includes:
  • the receiving beam training pilots sent by the base station include:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different, and the AWV of the receiving probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is also different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase; and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot AWV, which is different from the AWV of the directional receive beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase;
  • the AWV of the probe beam (transmitting the probe beam and the receiving probe beam) corresponding to the beam training pilot is generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function; that is, the probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot (send detection)
  • the beam and the receiving probe beam are implemented by the configuration of the antenna array AWV. For example, all elements in the AWV (u t, i , u r, i ) of each probe beam are generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function. And independent of each other.
  • the estimating the signals under different probe beams according to the receiving of the beam training pilots Road response including:
  • Channel response estimation matrix L represents the maximum delay spread of the channel, and m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot, that is, the number of probe beam combinations;
  • the receiving the best critical path from the time domain resolution comprises:
  • the row vector having the largest energy is selected as the critical path, and the critical path is identified by the relative delay ⁇ ;
  • the argmax function represents Find the maximum value for the variable And output its corresponding variable
  • Column vector 2 norm, expressed Signal energy Indicates the relative delay is The column vector formed by the estimated m-channel channel response is the channel response matrix.
  • First Transpose of the line; m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot, that is, the number of probe beam combinations;
  • the determining, according to the identified critical path, the optimal directional transmit beam and the optimal directional receive beam combination from the preset directional transmission codebook including:
  • the argmin function indicates that the minimum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable Represents the square of the 2 norm, ⁇ ⁇ represents the ⁇ column vector of the detection matrix ;;
  • the argmax function indicates that the maximum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable
  • indicates an absolute value
  • the best directional transmit beam and the best directional receive beam combination include the best directional transmit beam sequence number And optimal directional receive beam number
  • the best directional transmit beam sequence number is a sequence number of the AWV of the best directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmit codebook, and the best directional receive beam sequence number is the AWV of the best directional receive beam.
  • the preset directional transmission codebook is a transmission codebook used by the base station in the transmission phase
  • the preset directional reception codebook is a received codebook used by the user terminal in the transmission phase
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam training apparatus, which is applied to a base station, and includes:
  • the pilot transmission module 901 is configured to send a beam training pilot to the user terminal, where the antenna weight vector AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is known by the user terminal;
  • the response receiving module 902 is configured to receive information of the best directional transmit beam determined by the user terminal from the preset directional transmission codebook fed back by the user terminal.
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function.
  • the pilot sending module 901 is configured to send a beam training pilot to the user terminal, including:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase.
  • the pilot sending module 901 is configured to send a beam training pilot to the user terminal, including: broadcasting a beam training pilot to multiple user terminals.
  • the information of the optimal directional transmit beam is the sequence number of the AWV of the optimal directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmission codebook; wherein the preset directional transmission codebook is used by the base station in the transmission phase. Codebook.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam training device, which is applied to a user terminal, and includes:
  • the pilot receiving module 1001 is configured to receive a beam training pilot transmitted by the base station, where an antenna weight vector AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is known by the user terminal;
  • the estimating module 1002 is configured to: estimate a channel response under different probe beams according to the receiving of the beam training pilot, receive an optimal critical path from the time domain, and transmit the codebook from the preset orientation according to the identified critical path. Determining an optimal directional transmit beam and an optimal directional receive beam combination;
  • the feedback module 1003 is configured to feed back information of the best directional transmit beam to the base station.
  • the estimation module 1002 is configured to estimate according to the reception of the pilot training pilot.
  • Channel response under the same probe beam including:
  • Channel response estimation matrix L represents the maximum extended delay of the channel, and m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot.
  • the estimation module 1002 is configured to receive the best critical path from the time domain resolution, including:
  • the row vector having the largest energy is selected as the critical path, and the relative delay ⁇ corresponding to the critical path is:
  • the argmax function represents Find the maximum value for the variable And output its corresponding variable
  • Column vector 2 norm, expressed Signal energy Indicates the relative delay is
  • the channel vector of the m-th channel response estimate corresponding to the path is the channel response estimation matrix.
  • First Transpose of the line; m represents the number of times the base station transmits the beam training pilot.
  • the estimating module 1002 is configured to determine, according to the identified critical path, the best directional transmit beam and the best directional receive beam combination from the preset directional transmission codebook, including:
  • the argmin function indicates that the minimum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable Represents the square of the 2 norm, ⁇ ⁇ represents the ⁇ column vector of the detection matrix ;;
  • the argmax function indicates that the maximum value is found by using ⁇ as a variable
  • indicates an absolute value
  • the detection matrix Is known, the ith i-behavior column vector Directive reception is preset codebook, n r represents the number of the receiving end of the antenna element, K r represents the predetermined directional beam number received codebook specified orientation; Is a preset directional transmission codebook, n t represents the number of antenna units at the transmitting end, K t represents the number of directional beams specified by the preset directional transmission codebook; “u” represents the detection beam AWV, u r, i represents the ith The receive probe beam AWV, u t,i represents the ith transmit probe beam AWV, and the vec() function represents the column vectorization of the matrix.
  • the best directional transmit beam and the best directional receive beam combination include: optimal directional transmit beam sequence number And optimal directional receive beam number
  • the best directional transmit beam sequence number is a sequence number of the AWV of the best directional transmit beam in a preset directional transmit codebook
  • the best directional receive beam sequence number is the AWV of the best directional receive beam.
  • the pilot receiving module 1001 is configured to receive a beam training pilot sent by the base station, including:
  • the AWV of the transmitting probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is different, and the AWV of the receiving probe beam corresponding to each beam training pilot is also different; m is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot is different from the AWV of the directional transmit beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase; and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot The AWV is different from the AWV of the directional receive beam determined by the preset directional transmission codebook in the data transmission phase.
  • the AWV of the transmit probe beam and the receive probe beam corresponding to the beam training pilot are both generated by a ⁇ 1 Bernoulli random distribution function.
  • the beam training phase uses non-directional beam for training, and the user terminal can estimate the combination of the best transmit beam and the receive beam from the channel response. Since the base station can train each user terminal in parallel, Therefore, the efficiency of beam training is greatly improved, and the overhead of beam training is reduced.
  • the beam training method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: since the base station can train each user terminal in parallel, the beam training efficiency is greatly improved, and the beam training overhead is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de conditionnement de faisceau, mis en œuvre dans un terminal d'utilisateur. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : recevoir une fréquence pilote de conditionnement de faisceau, transmise par une station de base, un vecteur de pondération d'antenne (AWV) transmettant un faisceau de détection et correspondant à la fréquence pilote de conditionnement de faisceau étant connu du terminal d'utilisateur ; estimer, à partir de la fréquence pilote de conditionnement de faisceau, une réponse de canal sous différents faisceaux de détection, reconnaître un chemin de clé avec une réception optimale à partir d'un domaine temporel et déterminer une combinaison d'un faisceau de transmission directionnelle optimal et d'un faisceau de réception directionnelle optimal à partir d'un livre de codes de transmission directionnelle prédéfini d'après le chemin de clé reconnu ; et retourner des informations relatives au faisceau de transmission directionnelle optimal à la station de base. La présente invention permet d'améliorer l'efficacité et de réduire le surdébit d'un conditionnement de faisceau.
PCT/CN2016/099370 2015-12-22 2016-09-19 Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de faisceau WO2017107593A1 (fr)

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