WO2017107373A1 - 一种室内外两用防鼠光缆及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种室内外两用防鼠光缆及其制造方法 Download PDF

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WO2017107373A1
WO2017107373A1 PCT/CN2016/083071 CN2016083071W WO2017107373A1 WO 2017107373 A1 WO2017107373 A1 WO 2017107373A1 CN 2016083071 W CN2016083071 W CN 2016083071W WO 2017107373 A1 WO2017107373 A1 WO 2017107373A1
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cable
indoor
inner sheath
optical
outdoor
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PCT/CN2016/083071
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English (en)
French (fr)
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卢星星
李闽刚
何军
刘为
阮云芳
蔡晶
熊壮
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长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017107373A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107373A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber cables, and particularly relates to an indoor and outdoor dual-purpose mouse-proof optical cable and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the commonly used loose-layer stranded outdoor optical cable generally uses central metal reinforcement, which is easy to use when overhead.
  • the construction scheme adopting the outdoor optical cable to directly introduce into the indoor has many problems, which directly affects the stability of the broadband network and increases the construction cost of the optical cable.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an indoor and outdoor dual-purpose mouse-proof optical cable and a manufacturing method thereof according to the deficiencies of the prior art mentioned above, and the optical cable has a reasonable structure, and integrates anti-rat lightning protection functions, and is suitable for indoor use. External use reduces construction costs.
  • the technical proposal of the mouse-proof optical cable of the present invention comprises: a cable core and an outer sheath, wherein the cable core comprises a plurality of flexible sleeves, the flexible sleeve is covered with an optical communication unit, and the cable core is outsourced.
  • the inner sheath is a low-smoke and halogen-free flame-retardant inner sheath
  • the inner sheath is embedded with a non-metallic reinforcing member
  • the outer sheath is wrapped with a non-metal anti-rat material layer
  • the non-metal anti-mouse The outer layer of the material layer is covered.
  • a dry water blocking layer is disposed between the core and the inner sheath.
  • the flexible sleeves are 2 to 12, and are laid in parallel or stranded in the inner sheath.
  • non-metallic reinforcing members are symmetrically embedded on both sides of the inner sheath sleeve, and two sides are inlaid on each side.
  • the non-metal anti-rat material layer is composed of a glass fiber yarn or a glass fiber ribbon.
  • the optical communication unit is an optical fiber or a fiber bundle, and the number of the optical fibers covered in each flexible sleeve is 1 to 24 cores.
  • the flexible sleeve has a single side wall thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm, and the bending radius is the minimum bending radius that the optical fiber can achieve.
  • the inner sheath is provided with an open cable;
  • the outer sheath is made of LDPE, MDPE or HDPE material, and has the characteristics of water resistance, oil resistance, ultraviolet resistance, etc., and can meet outdoor use conditions.
  • an inner sheathed optical cable is prepared: a plurality of flexible sleeves and non-metallic reinforcing members containing the optical communication unit are released at a constant tension, and the inner sheath forming mold of the extruder head is extruded through the parallel mold.
  • the molten plastic in the plastic machine is coated on the cable core and the reinforcing member through a molding die, wherein the reinforcing member is embedded in the inner sheath, and sequentially passes through the cooling and setting device, the drying device, and is wound up onto the take-up reel;
  • Outer Sheath Fabrication The inner sheathed cable has been produced with a constant tension. After the glass fiber yarn stranding and unwinding device, multiple glass fiber yarns are evenly stranded outside the inner sheath, or the glass fiber ribbon is released. And through the longitudinal package molding die longitudinally wrapped outside the inner sheath, a non-metal anti-rat material layer is formed, and then enters the outer sheath forming mold, and is extruded outside the inner sheath and the non-metal anti-rat material layer by the extruder. The jacket is dried and cooled and dried.
  • the preparation of the flexible sleeve comprises releasing a plurality of colored optical fibers through a fiber optic pay-off rack at a tension of 0.5 to 1.2 N, sequentially passing through a static eliminating device and a collecting mold, and then entering the fiber coating device, after being coated.
  • the optical fiber enters the casing forming mold together, and the plastic and color masterbatch in the extruder are extruded together with a flexible sleeve having a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm on one side, and tightly coated on the optical fiber.
  • the flexible sleeve containing the optical fiber is used.
  • the tube is wound onto the take-up reel, and the above steps are repeated to make a plurality of flexible sleeves of different colors.
  • the flexible sleeve is wrapped around the dry water blocking belt, and the water blocking belt is tightly wrapped around the cable core through the wrapping machine, and then enters the parallel mold together with the non-metallic reinforcing member, and the core
  • the take-up tension is set to 1 to 2N
  • the non-metallic reinforcement take-up tension is set to 20 to 50N.
  • the invention has the following advantages: 1.
  • the structure is simple and reasonable, and the inner and outer sheath structure is adopted, which can be suitable for indoor and outdoor laying, and is particularly suitable for laying the optical cable from the outdoor to the indoor, and removing the outer sheath can lead the cable into the room, avoiding two points.
  • the laying of outdoor optical cables and indoor optical cables reduces the construction cost; 2.
  • the non-metallic anti-rat material layer is arranged between the inner and outer sheaths, which can effectively prevent the mouse from biting the damage of the optical communication unit in the cable core; (non-metal) structure, can prevent lightning strikes; 3, the flexible sleeve in the cable core is small in size, light in weight, soft and flexible, has a small bending radius, is easy to be branched, and is also easy to be directly retained in the cable connection box; 4. Manufactured by the invention The method is simple and reasonable, the quality and process are easy to control, the production efficiency is high, and the manufacturing cost is low.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a radial structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the utility model comprises a cable core and an outer sheath, wherein the cable core comprises four flexible sleeves 1 , the flexible sleeve is covered with the optical fiber 2 , the number of the optical fiber core is 12 cores, and the flexible sleeve is further filled with the fiber paste 3 .
  • the flexible sleeve is made of a soft material such as a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin or a polyurethane elastomer or a polyester elastomer.
  • the flexible sleeve has a diameter of 1.3 mm, a single-sided thickness of 0.1 mm, and a minimum bending radius of 7.5 mm.
  • a dry water blocking layer 4 is arranged outside the cable core, and the dry water blocking layer is formed by a water blocking tape wrapped around the core of the cable, and the inner sheath 7 is covered on the outer core of the water blocking tape, and the flexible casing is covered.
  • the root, the inner sheath is also provided with an open cable 6, which is disposed between the gaps of the two non-metallic reinforcing members.
  • the non-metallic rodent-proof material layer 8 is wound around the inner sheath, and the non-metal anti-rat material is a glass fiber yarn or a glass fiber belt, and the thickness of one side is 0.5 to 1 mm; and the outer layer of the non-metal anti-rat material is coated.
  • the outer sheath 9 is made of LDPE, MDPE or HDPE material and has the characteristics of water resistance, oil resistance, ultraviolet resistance, etc., and the outer sheath has a single side wall thickness greater than or equal to 1.5 mm, as described in this embodiment.
  • the cable is 48 cores and the cable diameter is about 11.6 mm.
  • the optical cable of the embodiment has good mechanical properties, the minimum bending radius can reach 10 times of cable diameter, the maximum tensile force can reach 3000N, and the lateral pressure resistance can reach 2200N/100mm.
  • the manufacturing method of the optical cable of the present invention is carried out as follows: a plurality of colored optical fibers are discharged through a fiber optic pay-off rack at a tension of 0.5 to 1.2 N, sequentially passed through a static eliminating device and a collecting mold, and then enter a fiber coating device, and are coated with a fiber paste.
  • the covered fiber enters the casing forming mold together, and the plastic and color masterbatch in the extruder are extruded together with a flexible sleeve of 0.1 mm thickness on one side and tightly coated on the optical fiber. After cooling and setting, the fiber will be flexible.
  • the sleeve is wound onto the take-up reel, and the above steps are repeated to make a plurality of flexible sleeves of different colors.
  • the inner sheathed optical cable is fabricated: a plurality of flexible sleeves containing the optical communication unit are passed through the parallel mold and the wrapping machine, and the dry water blocking belt is tightly wrapped around the core by the wrapping machine, and then with the non-metal
  • the reinforcing member and the open cable are uniformly entered into the parallel mold, the tension of the cable core is set to 1 to 2N, and the tension of the non-metallic reinforcing member is set to 20 to 50N.
  • the cable core enters the inner sheath forming mold of the extruder head through the parallel mold, and the molten plastic in the extruder is coated on the cable core and the reinforcing member through the molding die, wherein the reinforcing member is embedded in the inner sheath, in turn After cooling the sizing device, drying the device and winding it onto the take-up reel;
  • the outer sheath is produced: the inner sheathed cable is produced with a constant tension, and the glass fiber yarn is twisted and unwound device, and the plurality of glass fiber yarns are evenly stranded outside the inner sheath, or the glass fiber is uniformly
  • the belt is released and longitudinally wrapped by the longitudinal wrapping mold to form a layer of non-metallic rodent-proof material, and then enters the outer sheath forming mold, and is extruded with an outer sheath and a non-metal anti-rat material layer.
  • the outer sheath is packaged and dried by cooling and setting.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

一种室内外两用防鼠光缆及其制造方法，该光缆包括有缆芯和外护套(9)，所述的缆芯包括多根柔性套管(1)，柔性套管(1)中包覆有光通信单元，在缆芯外包覆内护套(7)，所述的内护套(7)为低烟无卤阻燃内护套，内护套(7)中镶嵌有非金属加强件(5)，内护套(7)外绕放非金属防鼠材料层(8)，非金属防鼠材料层(8)外包覆外护套(9)。

Description

一种室内外两用防鼠光缆及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明属于光纤光缆技术领域，具体涉及到一种室内外两用防鼠光缆及其制造方法。
背景技术
伴随着光通信技术的发展，人们对高速互联网的需求越来越迫切，中国也在大力推进宽带中国和4G网络的建设，在FTTx网络建设过程中，特别对于引入段光缆建设，目前通常是采用普通室外光缆直接向楼道内引入，在楼道配线箱再采用耐弯曲室内光缆向用户家庭中引入，施工过程繁杂，光缆使用量大，且室外光缆通过管道或架空引入到建筑物内后有一段会留在室内，而室外光缆一般不具备阻燃特性，对于通信安全和火灾逃生带来了一定影响，且目前常用的松套层绞式室外光缆一般采用中心金属加强件，架空使用时极易将室外雷电引入室内，同时普通室外光缆在居民区管道内敷设也经常发生光缆被老鼠咬断的现象。目前这种采用室外光缆向室内直接引入的建设方案存在以上诸多问题，直接影响了宽带网络的稳定性，增加了光缆施工成本。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术存在的不足而提出一种室内外两用防鼠光缆及其制作方法，该光缆结构设置合理，集防鼠防雷功能为一体，且适合室内外使用，降低了施工成本。
本发明防鼠光缆的技术方案为：包括有缆芯和外护套，其特征在于所述的缆芯包括多根柔性套管，柔性套管中包覆有光通信单元，在缆芯外包覆内护套，所述的内护套为低烟无卤阻燃内护套，内护套中镶嵌有非金属加强件，内护套外绕放非金属防鼠材料层，非金属防鼠材料层外包覆外护套。
按上述方案，在缆芯和内护套之间设置有干式阻水层。
按上述方案，所述的柔性套管为2～12根，平行或绞合敷设在内护套中。
按上述方案，在内护套套层中两侧对称镶嵌非金属加强件，且每侧镶嵌2根。
按上述方案，所述的非金属防鼠材料层由玻璃纤维纱或玻璃纤维带构成。
按上述方案，所述的光通信单元为光纤或光纤束，每根柔性套管中包覆的光纤芯数为1～24芯。
按上述方案，所述的柔性套管单边壁厚为0.05～0.2mm，弯曲半径为光纤所能达到的最小弯曲半径。
按上述方案，所述的内护套套层中设置有开缆绳；所述的外护套由LDPE、MDPE或HDPE材料制成，具有耐水、耐油、耐紫外等特性，可以满足室外使用条件。
本发明防鼠光缆制造方法的技术方案如下：
先制作包覆有光通信单元的柔性套管；
然后制作内护套光缆：将所制作的多根含有光通信单元的柔性套管和非金属加强件以一定张力匀速放出，通过并线模进入挤塑机机头的内护套成型模，挤塑机中的熔融塑料通过成型模包覆在缆芯和加强件上，其中加强件镶嵌在内护套中，依次经过冷却定型装置，吹干装置，收卷到收线盘上；
外护套制作：将已制作的内护套光缆以恒定的张力放出，经过玻璃纤维纱绞合放线装置，将多根玻璃纤维纱均匀绞合在内护套外，或将玻璃纤维带放出并通过纵包成型模纵包在内护套外，形成非金属防鼠材料层，然后一并进入外护套成型模，用挤塑机在内护套和非金属防鼠材料层挤包外护套，经过冷却定型吹干后即成。
按上述方案，柔性套管的制作包括将多根着色光纤通过光纤放线架以0.5～1.2N张力放出，依次经过除静电装置和集线模后进入纤膏涂覆装置，经过涂覆后的光纤一起进入套管成型模，挤塑机中的塑料和色母料一起挤出单边厚度0.05～0.2mm的柔性套管紧密包覆在光纤上，经过冷却定型后，将含有光纤的柔性套管收卷到收线盘上，重复以上步骤制作多根颜色不同的柔性套管。
按上述方案，制作内护套光缆时柔性套管外包绕干式阻水带，阻水带经过绕包机紧密绕包在缆芯外，然后与非金属加强件一并进入并线模，缆芯放线张力设置为1～2N，非金属加强件放线张力设置为20～50N。
本发明的有益效果在于：1、结构设置简单合理，采用内外护套结构，可适于室内外敷设，特别适合光缆从室外向室内铺设，除去外护套即可引缆入室，避免了分两次铺设室外光缆和室内光缆，降低了施工成本；2、内外护套之间设置了非金属防鼠材料层，可有效避免老鼠持续啃咬对缆芯中光通信单元的损坏；同时采用全介质(非金属)结构，能防止雷击；3、缆芯中的柔性套管尺寸小，重量轻，柔软弯曲半径小，易于分歧接续，也便于在光缆接续盒中直接盘留；4.本发明制造方法简便合理，质量和工艺易控，生产效率高，制造成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明一个实施例的径向结构剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步说明本发明的实施例。
包括有缆芯和外护套，所述的缆芯包括4根柔性套管1，柔性套管中包覆有光纤2，光纤芯数为12芯，柔性套管中还充填有纤膏3，所述的柔性套管采用低烟无卤阻燃聚烯烃或聚氨酯弹性体或聚酯弹性体等柔软材料制成，柔性套管直径为1.3mm，单边厚度0.1mm，最小弯曲半径达到7.5mm，在缆芯外设置有干式阻水层4，干式阻水层由阻水带绕包缆芯而成，在绕包阻水带的缆芯外包覆内护套7，柔性套管平行或绞合敷设在内护套中，所述的内护套为低烟无卤阻燃内护套，在内护套套层中两侧对称镶嵌非金属加强件5，且每侧镶嵌2根，在内护套套层中还设置有开缆绳6，所述开缆绳被设置在两根非金属加强件缝隙之间。内护套外绕放非金属防鼠材料层8，所述的非金属防鼠材料为玻璃纤维纱或玻璃纤维带，且单边厚度为0.5～1mm；在非金属防鼠材料层外包覆外护套9，所述的外护套由LDPE、MDPE或HDPE材料制成，具有耐水、耐油、耐紫外等特性，外护套单边壁厚大于或等于1.5mm，本实施例所述的光缆为48芯，光缆直径约11.6mm。本实施例光缆具有良好的机械性能，最小弯曲半径可达10倍缆径，最大拉力可达3000N，抗侧压性能可达到2200N/100mm。
本发明光缆的制造方法按如下步骤进行：将多根着色光纤通过光纤放线架以0.5～1.2N张力放出，依次经过除静电装置和集线模后进入纤膏涂覆装置，经过纤膏涂覆后的光纤一起进入套管成型模，挤塑机中的塑料和色母料一起挤出单边厚度0.1mm的柔性套管紧密包覆在光纤上，经过冷却定型后，将含有光纤的柔性套管收卷到收线盘上，重复以上步骤制作多根颜色不同的柔性套管。
然后制作内护套光缆：将所制作的多根含有光通信单元的柔性套管穿过并线模和绕包机，干式阻水带通过绕包机紧密绕包在缆芯外，然后与非金属加强件及开缆绳一并匀速进入并线模，缆芯放线张力设置为1～2N，非金属加强件放线张力设置为20～50N。缆芯通过并线模进入挤塑机机头的内护套成型模，挤塑机中的熔融塑料通过成型模包覆在缆芯和加强件上，其中加强件镶嵌在内护套中，依次经过冷却定型装置，吹干装置，收卷到收线盘上；
最后进行外护套制作：将已制作的内护套光缆以恒定的张力放出，经过玻璃纤维纱绞合放线装置，将多根玻璃纤维纱均匀绞合在内护套外，或将玻璃纤维带放出并通过纵包成型模纵包在内护套外，形成非金属防鼠材料层，然后一并进入外护套成型模，用挤塑机在内护套和非金属防鼠材料层挤包外护套，经过冷却定型吹干后即成。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种室内外两用防鼠光缆，包括有缆芯和外护套，其特征在于所述的缆芯包括多根柔性套管，柔性套管中包覆有光通信单元，在缆芯外包覆内护套，所述的内护套为低烟无卤阻燃内护套，内护套中镶嵌有非金属加强件，内护套外绕放非金属防鼠材料层，非金属防鼠材料层外包覆外护套。
  2. 按权利要求1所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆，其特征在于在缆芯和内护套之间设置有干式阻水层。
  3. 按权利要求1或2所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆，其特征在于所述的柔性套管为2～12根，平行或绞合敷设在内护套中。
  4. 按权利要求1或2所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆，其特征在于在内护套套层中两侧对称镶嵌非金属加强件，且每侧镶嵌2根。
  5. 按权利要求1或2所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆，其特征在于所述的非金属防鼠材料层由玻璃纤维纱或玻璃纤维带构成。
  6. 按权利要求1或2所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆，其特征在于所述的光通信单元为光纤或光纤束，每根柔性套管中包覆的光纤芯数为1～24芯。
  7. 按权利要求1或2所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆，其特征在于所述的柔性套管单边壁厚为0.05～0.2mm，弯曲半径为光纤所能达到的最小弯曲半径。
  8. 按权利要求1或2所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆，其特征在于所述的内护套套层中设置有开缆绳；所述的外护套由LDPE、MDPE或HDPE材料制成。
  9. 一种室内外两用防鼠光缆的制造方法，其特征在于
    先制作包覆有光通信单元的柔性套管；
    然后制作内护套光缆：将所制作的多根含有光通信单元的柔性套管和非金属加强件以一定张力匀速放出，通过并线模进入挤塑机机头的内护套成型模，挤塑机中的熔融塑料通过成型模包覆在缆芯和加强件上，其中加强件镶嵌在内护套中，依次经过冷却定型装置，吹干装置，收卷到收线盘上；
    外护套制作：将已制作的内护套光缆以恒定的张力放出，经过玻璃纤维纱绞合放线装置，将多根玻璃纤维纱均匀绞合在内护套外，或将玻璃纤维带放出并通过纵包成型模纵包在内护套外，形成非金属防鼠材料层，然后一并进入外护套成型模，用挤塑机在内护套和非金属防鼠材料层挤包外护套，经过冷却定型吹干后即成。
  10. 按权利要求9所述的室内外两用防鼠光缆的制造方法，其特征在于柔性套管 的制作包括将多根着色光纤通过光纤放线架以0.5～1.2N张力放出，依次经过除静电装置和集线模后进入纤膏涂覆装置，经过涂覆后的光纤一起进入套管成型模，挤塑机中的塑料和色母料一起挤出单边厚度0.05～0.2mm的柔性套管紧密包覆在光纤上，经过冷却定型后，将含有光纤的柔性套管收卷到收线盘上，重复以上步骤制作多根颜色不同的柔性套管；制作内护套光缆时柔性套管外包绕干式阻水带，阻水带经过绕包机紧密绕包在缆芯外，然后与非金属加强件一并进入并线模，缆芯放线张力设置为1～2N，非金属加强件放线张力设置为20～50N。
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