WO2017104261A1 - Filtration device - Google Patents

Filtration device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017104261A1
WO2017104261A1 PCT/JP2016/081160 JP2016081160W WO2017104261A1 WO 2017104261 A1 WO2017104261 A1 WO 2017104261A1 JP 2016081160 W JP2016081160 W JP 2016081160W WO 2017104261 A1 WO2017104261 A1 WO 2017104261A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filtration
tubular member
fluid
metal porous
filtration device
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PCT/JP2016/081160
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
萬壽　優
近藤　孝志
順子 渡邉
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株式会社村田製作所
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Publication of WO2017104261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017104261A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/12—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with sterilisation, filtration or dialysis means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filtration device for filtering a filtration object contained in a fluid.
  • a cross-flow type filtration device is known as this type of filtration device (for example, see Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-210239).
  • a cross-flow type filtration device flows a fluid containing a filtration object along the surface of a filtration filter such as a hollow fiber membrane, and the fluid from which the filtration object is removed by passing through the filtration filter (hereinafter referred to as filtrate).
  • filtrate the fluid from which the filtration object is removed by passing through the filtration filter
  • the filtration object captured on the surface of the filtration filter is untrapped by the fluid flow. Thereby, clogging of the filtration filter can be suppressed, the filtrate can be collected continuously for a longer time, and the filtration efficiency can be improved.
  • Patent Document 1 still has room for improvement in terms of further suppressing the clogging of the filtration filter and further improving the filtration efficiency.
  • an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a filtration device that can further suppress the clogging of the filtration filter and further improve the filtration efficiency.
  • a filtration device in order to achieve the above object, includes a tubular member having a flow path through which a fluid containing an object to be filtered flows.
  • a filtration filter having a metal porous membrane for filtering the filtration object;
  • a filtration device comprising: A part of the side wall of the tubular member is provided with a filtrate outlet for discharging a filtrate that is a fluid obtained by filtering the object to be filtered.
  • the metal porous membrane is arranged in the convex portion and arranged along the fluid flow direction, It is characterized by that.
  • clogging of the filtration filter can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
  • the inventors of the present invention provide a projecting portion that projects so as to reduce the flow path of the tubular member, so that the fluid flowing through the flow path comes into contact with the projecting section, disturbing the flow of the fluid in the vicinity of the projecting section. It has been found that a flow having a velocity component (turbulent flow) is generated in a direction crossing the extending direction of the tube axis of the member. Further, the present inventors have found that when the flow path is reduced by the convex portion, the pressure in the reduced flow path is increased, and the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the flow path is increased. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that the trapping of the filtration object on the filtration filter is more easily released by the fluid whose flow is disturbed and whose flow velocity is increased. Based on these points, the present inventors have reached the following invention.
  • a filtration device includes a tubular member having a flow path through which a fluid containing an object to be filtered flows, A filtration filter having a metal porous membrane for filtering the filtration object; A filtration device comprising: A part of the side wall of the tubular member is provided with a filtrate outlet for discharging a filtrate that is a fluid obtained by filtering the object to be filtered. Around the filtrate outlet, there is provided a convex portion protruding into the flow path so as to reduce the flow path, The metal porous membrane is arranged in the convex portion and arranged along the fluid flow direction, A filtration device is provided.
  • the convex portion may be formed by projecting a part of the side wall of the tubular member toward the side wall facing the part.
  • the filtration filter has a frame member that holds the outer peripheral portion of the metal porous membrane,
  • the frame member is attached to a part of the side wall of the tubular member,
  • the convex portion may be formed by the frame member.
  • tubular member may be a tubular member having a uniform inner diameter excluding the convex portion.
  • the protrusion amount of the convex portion is one or more times the size of the filtration object.
  • This configuration can disturb the fluid flow and increase the fluid flow velocity. Thereby, clogging of the filtration filter can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
  • the distance between the metal porous membrane and the side wall of the tubular member facing the metal porous membrane is preferably greater than one time the size of the filtration object.
  • the object to be filtered can pass between the metal porous membrane and the side wall of the tubular member. Thereby, clogging of the filtration filter can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which an object to be filtered is filtered using the filtration device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the filtration device 1 is a cross-flow type filtration device.
  • the filtration device 1 is configured to introduce a fluid 12 including an object to be filtered 11 from a fluid inlet 1a and discharge it from a fluid outlet 1b.
  • the filtration device 1 also filters a part of the fluid 12 flowing from the fluid inlet 1a to the fluid outlet 1b, and removes a fluid 13 (hereinafter referred to as filtrate) 13 from which the filtration object 11 has been removed by the filtration. It is comprised so that it may discharge
  • the fluid 12 including the filtration object 11 is placed in the fluid tank 2.
  • the fluid 12 in the fluid tank 2 is taken into the pump 3 through the pipe 21, and is supplied to the fluid inlet 1 a of the filtration device 1 through the pipe 22 by the pump 3.
  • the fluid 12 passing through the inside of the filtration device 1 and discharged from the fluid discharge port 1 b is returned to the fluid tank 2 through the pipe 23.
  • the fluid 12 circulates in the order of the fluid tank 2, the pipe 21, the pump 3, the pipe 22, the filtration device 1, and the pipe 23.
  • the pump 3 may be arranged in the path of the pipe 23 instead of between the pipe 21 and the pipe 22.
  • a closed filtration apparatus may be realized by using the fluid tank 2 or the filtrate tank 4 as a sealed container.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filtration device 1.
  • the filtration device 1 includes a tubular member 31 having a flow path 31 a through which the fluid 12 including the filtration object 11 flows, and a filtration filter 32 that filters the filtration object 11.
  • the tubular member 31 is, for example, a cylindrical member.
  • a filtrate discharge port 1 c is provided in a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31.
  • Around the filtrate outlet 1c there is provided a convex portion 5 protruding into the flow path 31a so as to reduce the flow path 31a.
  • the convex portion 5 is formed by projecting a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31 toward the side wall facing the part.
  • the convex part 5 is cyclically
  • a step is formed on the side wall of the tubular member 31 by the convex portion 5.
  • the tubular member 31 is formed of a tubular member having a uniform inner diameter except for the convex portion 5 so that turbulent flow is unlikely to occur except in the vicinity of the convex portion 5.
  • tubular member 31 an arbitrary cross-sectional shape such as a square or an ellipse may be used.
  • the material of the tubular member 31 include stainless steel, silicon resin, PVDF (Teflon: registered trademark), vinyl chloride, glass, butadiene-free resin, and the like.
  • a coating material may be applied so that the object to be filtered does not easily adhere to these materials.
  • a pipe 24 is in fluid communication with the convex portion 5.
  • the filtration filter 32 is arrange
  • the filtration filter 32 includes a metal porous film 32a that filters the object to be filtered 11, and a frame body 32b that holds the outer periphery of the metal porous film 32a.
  • the metal porous film 32 a is disposed in the convex portion 5 and is disposed along the flow direction of the fluid 12.
  • the flow direction of the fluid 12 is parallel to the extending direction of the tube axis A1.
  • the metal porous film 32a is disposed in parallel with the extending direction of the tube axis A1.
  • the filtration object 11 is a biological substance contained in the liquid.
  • the “biological substance” means a substance derived from a living organism such as a cell (eukaryotic organism), a bacterium (eubacteria), or a virus.
  • cells eukaryotes
  • examples of cells include eggs, sperm, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), ES cells, stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, mononuclear cells, single cells, cell masses, suspension cells, and adhesions.
  • sex cells nerve cells, leukocytes, lymphocytes, cells for regenerative medicine, autologous cells, cancer cells, circulating cancer cells (CTC), HL-60, HELA, and fungi.
  • bacteria examples include gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, and tuberculosis bacteria.
  • virus examples include DNA virus, RNA virus, rotavirus, (bird) influenza virus, yellow fever virus, dengue fever virus, encephalitis virus, hemorrhagic fever virus, and immunodeficiency virus.
  • the metallic porous membrane 32a is a porous membrane that separates biological substances.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the metal porous film 32a.
  • the metal porous film 32a has a first main surface 32c and a second main surface 32d that face each other.
  • the metal porous film 32a is provided with a plurality of through holes 32e penetrating the first main surface 32c and the second main surface 32d.
  • the through hole 32e separates a biological material from the liquid.
  • the shape and size of the through-hole 32e are appropriately set according to the shape and size of the biological material.
  • the through holes 32e are arranged at regular intervals or periodically, for example.
  • the shape of the through hole 32e is, for example, a square when viewed from the first main surface 32c or the second main surface 32d side of the metal porous film 32a.
  • the size of the through hole 32e is, for example, from 0.1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m in length and from 0.1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m in width.
  • the interval between the through holes 32e is, for example, greater than 1 time and less than or equal to 10 times, more preferably less than or equal to 3 times the opening diameter of the through holes 32e.
  • the aperture ratio of the through-hole 32e in the metal porous film 32a is, for example, 10% or more.
  • Examples of the material of the metal porous film 32a include gold, silver, copper, platinum, nickel, stainless steel, palladium, titanium, cobalt, and alloys thereof.
  • the metal porous film 32a has a diameter of, for example, 8 mm.
  • the thickness of the metal porous film 32a is, for example, not less than 0.05 ⁇ m and not more than 100 ⁇ m, and preferably not less than 0.1 ⁇ m and not more than 50 ⁇ m.
  • the outer shape of the metal porous film 32a is, for example, one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon. In the present embodiment, the metal porous film 32a has a circular outer shape.
  • the frame body 32b is formed in an annular shape (for example, an annular shape).
  • the material of the frame 32b include metals such as duralumin and aluminum, and resins such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyacetal, and polyetherimide.
  • the width of the frame 32b is, for example, 0.9 mm.
  • the thickness of the frame body 32b is, for example, 20 ⁇ m.
  • the metal porous membrane 32a is arranged in the convex portion 5 protruding so as to reduce the flow path 31a, and is arranged along the flow direction of the fluid 12.
  • the flow of the fluid 12 can be disturbed by the convex portion 5 and the flow velocity of the fluid 12 can be increased. Thereby, clogging of the filter 32 can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
  • the protrusion amount of the convex part 5 is 1 time or more of the magnitude
  • FIG. According to this configuration, the flow of the fluid 12 can be disturbed and the flow velocity of the fluid 12 can be increased. Thereby, clogging of the filter 32 can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved. Moreover, the effect which can capture the filtration target object 11 also arises in the level
  • the distance between the metal porous membrane 32a and the side wall of the tubular member 31 facing the metal porous membrane 32a is preferably larger than one time the size of the filtration object 11. According to this configuration, the filtration object 11 can pass between the metal porous membrane 32 a and the side wall of the tubular member 31. Thereby, clogging of the filter 32 can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
  • a PBS solution (phosphate buffered saline) containing the cells HL60 is used as the fluid 12, and the liquid components are filtered from the PBS solution by the filtration filter 32 and the cells HL60 are captured.
  • the PBS solution contained 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells HL60 having an approximately spherical shape with a diameter of about 9 ⁇ m, and the total amount of the PBS solution was 50 ml.
  • the metal porous film 32a a nickel mesh film having a circular outer shape, a thickness of 1.0 ⁇ m, a diameter of 7.8 mm, and a mesh structure in a range of 6 mm in diameter from the center was used.
  • the mesh structure was a square lattice arrangement in which square through holes with sides of 2.5 ⁇ m were arranged at a pitch of 3.6 ⁇ m.
  • the metal porous film 32a was arranged so that the main surface on the flow channel 31a side was located 1.5 mm away from the side wall of the tubular member 31 into the flow channel 31a. Further, as the tubular member 31, a tube having an inner diameter of 2 mm was used.
  • the pump 3 was driven for about 30 minutes so that the PBS solution flowed through the flow path 31a in the tubular member 31 at a flow rate of 240 ml per minute. Then, when the liquid volume (filtrate) of the liquid that passed through the filter 32 was measured, the liquid volume was 40 ml.
  • the filtration filter 32 is disposed so that the main surface of the metal porous membrane 32a on the flow path 31a side is along the side wall of the tubular member 31, and the PBS solution is flowed into the flow path 31a in the same manner as described above,
  • the liquid volume of was 22 ml. Further, almost no filtrate was obtained in the latter half of the filtration operation by driving the pump 3. Further, when the metal porous membrane 32a was observed with a microscope, it was confirmed that a large number of cells HL60 were captured on the metal porous membrane 32a. That is, it was confirmed that clogging occurred in the metal porous film 32a.
  • the filtration device according to the example of the present invention can further suppress the clogging of the filtration filter 32 and further improve the filtration efficiency.
  • the convex portion 5 is formed by projecting a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31 toward the side wall facing the part, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a through hole may be provided in the tubular member 31, a frame body 32b may be attached to the inner periphery of the through hole, and the convex portion 5 may be formed by the frame body 32b. That is, the frame body 32b may be attached to a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31, and the convex portion 5 may be formed by the thickness of the frame body 32b.
  • the metal porous film 32a can be arranged on the convex portion 5 and can be arranged along the flow direction of the fluid 12.
  • the tubular member 31 has a straight cylindrical shape (straight tube shape), but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the tubular member 31 should just be comprised so that the fluid 12 can be flowed along the metal porous membrane 32a.
  • the portion of the tubular member 31 on the fluid introduction port 1a side or fluid discharge port 1b side is configured to bend in a direction intersecting with the extending direction of the tube axis A1. May be.
  • one filter 32 is provided for one tubular member 31, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a plurality of (for example, three) filtration filters 32 may be provided for one tubular member 31.
  • the plurality of filtration filters 32 be arranged in the extending direction of the tube axis A1, as shown in FIG.
  • the plurality of filtration filters 32 may have different opening diameters of the through holes 32e (see FIG. 3) of the respective metal porous membranes 32a. According to this configuration, even if the fluid 12 includes a plurality of filtering objects 11 having different sizes, the filtering objects 11 can be classified.
  • the fluid 12 is a liquid, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the fluid 12 may be a gas, and the filtration target 11 may be fine particles contained in the gas.
  • the fine particles are, for example, industrial powder materials and PM2.5.
  • the present invention can further suppress the clogging of the filtration filter and further improve the filtration efficiency, it is particularly useful for a filtration apparatus for filtering a fluid having a high concentration of the filtration object.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
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Abstract

Provided is a filtration device that further suppresses clogging of a filter and makes it possible to further improve filtration efficiency. The filtration device is provided with: a tubular member comprising a flow path through which a fluid containing an object to be filtered flows; and a filter comprising a porous metal film for filtering the object to be filtered. A filtrate discharge port for discharging a filtrate that is the fluid from which the object to be filtered has been filtered is provided to part of the side wall of the tubular member. A protruding section protruding into the flow path so as to reduce the flow path is provided around the filtrate discharge port. The porous metal film is arranged within the protruding section so as to follow the flow direction of the fluid.

Description

濾過装置Filtration device
　本発明は、流体に含まれる濾過対象物を濾過する濾過装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a filtration device for filtering a filtration object contained in a fluid.
　従来、この種の濾過装置として、クロスフロー方式の濾過装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献１：特開２０１３－２１０２３９号公報参照）。クロスフロー方式の濾過装置は、濾過対象物を含む流体を中空糸膜等の濾過フィルタの表面に沿うように流し、当該濾過フィルタを通過することにより濾過対象物が取り除かれた流体（以下、濾液という）を収集する装置である。 Conventionally, a cross-flow type filtration device is known as this type of filtration device (for example, see Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-210239). A cross-flow type filtration device flows a fluid containing a filtration object along the surface of a filtration filter such as a hollow fiber membrane, and the fluid from which the filtration object is removed by passing through the filtration filter (hereinafter referred to as filtrate). Device).
　この濾過装置によれば、濾過対象物を含む流体を濾過フィルタの表面に沿うように流すので、濾過フィルタの表面で捕捉された濾過対象物が流体の流れによって捕捉が解かれる。これにより、濾過フィルタの目詰まりを抑えて、濾液の収集をより長時間連続的に行うことを可能にし、濾過効率を向上させることができる。 According to this filtration device, since the fluid containing the filtration object flows along the surface of the filtration filter, the filtration object captured on the surface of the filtration filter is untrapped by the fluid flow. Thereby, clogging of the filtration filter can be suppressed, the filtrate can be collected continuously for a longer time, and the filtration efficiency can be improved.
特開２０１３－２１０２３９号公報JP 2013-210239 A
　しかしながら、特許文献１の濾過装置では、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させるという観点において、未だ改善の余地がある。 However, the filtration device of Patent Document 1 still has room for improvement in terms of further suppressing the clogging of the filtration filter and further improving the filtration efficiency.
　従って、本発明の目的は、前記課題を解決することにあって、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる濾過装置を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a filtration device that can further suppress the clogging of the filtration filter and further improve the filtration efficiency.
　前記目的を達成するために、本発明の一態様に係る濾過装置は、濾過対象物を含む流体が流れる流路を有する管状部材と、
　前記濾過対象物を濾過する金属製多孔膜を有する濾過フィルタと、
　を備える濾過装置であって、
　前記管状部材の側壁の一部には、前記濾過対象物が濾過された流体である濾液を排出するための濾液排出口が設けられ、
　前記濾液排出口の周囲には、前記流路を縮小するように前記流路内へ突出する凸部が設けられ、
　前記金属製多孔膜は、前記凸部内に配置されるとともに、前記流体の流れ方向に沿うように配置されている、
　ことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a filtration device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a tubular member having a flow path through which a fluid containing an object to be filtered flows.
A filtration filter having a metal porous membrane for filtering the filtration object;
A filtration device comprising:
A part of the side wall of the tubular member is provided with a filtrate outlet for discharging a filtrate that is a fluid obtained by filtering the object to be filtered.
Around the filtrate outlet, there is provided a convex portion protruding into the flow path so as to reduce the flow path,
The metal porous membrane is arranged in the convex portion and arranged along the fluid flow direction,
It is characterized by that.
　本発明に係る濾過装置によれば、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる。 According to the filtration device according to the present invention, clogging of the filtration filter can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
本発明の実施形態に係る濾過装置を用いて濾過対象物を濾過する様子を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows a mode that the filtration target object is filtered using the filtration apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 図１の濾過装置の概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing of the filtration apparatus of FIG. 金属製多孔膜の一部の拡大斜視図である。It is an expansion perspective view of a part of metallic porous membrane. 図１の濾過装置の変形例を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the modification of the filtration apparatus of FIG. 管状部材の変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a tubular member. 管状部材の変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a tubular member. 管状部材の変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a tubular member. 管状部材の変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a tubular member. 濾過フィルタが１つの管状部材に複数設けられた例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the example in which the filtration filter was provided with two or more by one tubular member.
　（本発明の基礎となった知見）
　本発明者らは、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させるため、鋭意検討した結果、以下の新規な知見を得た。 (Knowledge that became the basis of the present invention)
As a result of intensive studies in order to further suppress the clogging of the filtration filter and further improve the filtration efficiency, the present inventors have obtained the following new knowledge.
　本発明者らは、管状部材の流路を縮小するように突出する凸部を設けることによって、流路を流れる流体が凸部に接触して凸部の近傍の流体の流れが乱され、管状部材の管軸の延在方向と交差する方向に速度成分を有する流れ（乱流）が生じることを知見した。また、本発明者らは、凸部によって流路が縮小されることで、当該縮小された流路内の圧力が増加し、当該流路を流れる流体の流速が速くなることを知見した。更に、本発明者らは、流れが乱され且つ流速が速くなった流体により、濾過フィルタ上の濾過対象物の捕捉がより一層解かれやすくなることを見出した。これらの点を踏まえて、本発明者らは、以下の発明に至った。 The inventors of the present invention provide a projecting portion that projects so as to reduce the flow path of the tubular member, so that the fluid flowing through the flow path comes into contact with the projecting section, disturbing the flow of the fluid in the vicinity of the projecting section. It has been found that a flow having a velocity component (turbulent flow) is generated in a direction crossing the extending direction of the tube axis of the member. Further, the present inventors have found that when the flow path is reduced by the convex portion, the pressure in the reduced flow path is increased, and the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the flow path is increased. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that the trapping of the filtration object on the filtration filter is more easily released by the fluid whose flow is disturbed and whose flow velocity is increased. Based on these points, the present inventors have reached the following invention.
　本発明の一態様に係る濾過装置は、濾過対象物を含む流体が流れる流路を有する管状部材と、
　前記濾過対象物を濾過する金属製多孔膜を有する濾過フィルタと、
　を備える濾過装置であって、
　前記管状部材の側壁の一部には、前記濾過対象物が濾過された流体である濾液を排出するための濾液排出口が設けられ、
　前記濾液排出口の周囲には、前記流路を縮小するように前記流路内へ突出する凸部が設けられ、
　前記金属製多孔膜は、前記凸部内に配置されるとともに、前記流体の流れ方向に沿うように配置されている、
　濾過装置を提供する。 A filtration device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a tubular member having a flow path through which a fluid containing an object to be filtered flows,
A filtration filter having a metal porous membrane for filtering the filtration object;
A filtration device comprising:
A part of the side wall of the tubular member is provided with a filtrate outlet for discharging a filtrate that is a fluid obtained by filtering the object to be filtered.
Around the filtrate outlet, there is provided a convex portion protruding into the flow path so as to reduce the flow path,
The metal porous membrane is arranged in the convex portion and arranged along the fluid flow direction,
A filtration device is provided.
　この構成によれば、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる。 According to this configuration, clogging of the filtration filter can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
　なお、前記凸部は、前記管状部材の側壁の一部を、当該一部に対向する側壁に向けて突出させることにより形成されてもよい。 The convex portion may be formed by projecting a part of the side wall of the tubular member toward the side wall facing the part.
　また、前記濾過フィルタは、前記金属製多孔膜の外周部を保持する枠部材を有し、
　前記枠部材は、前記管状部材の側壁の一部に取り付けられ、
　前記凸部は、前記枠部材により形成されてもよい。 Further, the filtration filter has a frame member that holds the outer peripheral portion of the metal porous membrane,
The frame member is attached to a part of the side wall of the tubular member,
The convex portion may be formed by the frame member.
　また、前記管状部材は、前記凸部を除いて内径が一様な管状部材であってもよい。 Further, the tubular member may be a tubular member having a uniform inner diameter excluding the convex portion.
　また、前記凸部の突出量は、前記濾過対象物の大きさの１倍以上であることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that the protrusion amount of the convex portion is one or more times the size of the filtration object.
　この構成によれば、流体の流れを乱すとともに流体の流速を速めることができる。これにより、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる。 This configuration can disturb the fluid flow and increase the fluid flow velocity. Thereby, clogging of the filtration filter can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
　また、前記金属製多孔膜と、当該金属製多孔膜に対向する前記管状部材の側壁との距離は、前記濾過対象物の大きさの１倍より大きいことが好ましい。 In addition, the distance between the metal porous membrane and the side wall of the tubular member facing the metal porous membrane is preferably greater than one time the size of the filtration object.
　この構成によれば、濾過対象物が、金属製多孔膜と管状部材の側壁との間を通過することができる。これにより、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる。 According to this configuration, the object to be filtered can pass between the metal porous membrane and the side wall of the tubular member. Thereby, clogging of the filtration filter can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
　以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　（実施の形態）
　図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る濾過装置を用いて濾過対象物を濾過する様子を示す概略図である。 (Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which an object to be filtered is filtered using the filtration device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
　図１に示すように、本実施の形態に係る濾過装置１は、クロスフロー方式の濾過装置である。濾過装置１は、濾過対象物１１を含む流体１２を流体導入口１ａより導入し、流体排出口１ｂより排出するように構成されている。また、濾過装置１は、流体導入口１ａから流体排出口１ｂへ流れる流体１２の一部を濾過し、当該濾過により濾過対象物１１が取り除かれた流体（以下、濾液という）１３を濾液排出口１ｃより排出するように構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment is a cross-flow type filtration device. The filtration device 1 is configured to introduce a fluid 12 including an object to be filtered 11 from a fluid inlet 1a and discharge it from a fluid outlet 1b. The filtration device 1 also filters a part of the fluid 12 flowing from the fluid inlet 1a to the fluid outlet 1b, and removes a fluid 13 (hereinafter referred to as filtrate) 13 from which the filtration object 11 has been removed by the filtration. It is comprised so that it may discharge | emit from 1c.
　濾過対象物１１を含む流体１２は、流体タンク２内に入れられている。流体タンク２内の流体１２は、配管２１を通じてポンプ３内に取り込まれ、当該ポンプ３によって配管２２を通じて濾過装置１の流体導入口１ａへ供給される。濾過装置１の内部を通過して流体排出口１ｂより排出された流体１２は、配管２３を通じて流体タンク２内に戻される。このようにして、流体１２は、ポンプ３が駆動する間、流体タンク２、配管２１、ポンプ３、配管２２、濾過装置１、配管２３の順に循環する。 The fluid 12 including the filtration object 11 is placed in the fluid tank 2. The fluid 12 in the fluid tank 2 is taken into the pump 3 through the pipe 21, and is supplied to the fluid inlet 1 a of the filtration device 1 through the pipe 22 by the pump 3. The fluid 12 passing through the inside of the filtration device 1 and discharged from the fluid discharge port 1 b is returned to the fluid tank 2 through the pipe 23. Thus, while the pump 3 is driven, the fluid 12 circulates in the order of the fluid tank 2, the pipe 21, the pump 3, the pipe 22, the filtration device 1, and the pipe 23.
　一方、濾過装置１の内部に供給された流体１２の一部は、濾過されて濾液１３として濾液排出口１ｃより排出される。濾液排出口１ｃより排出された濾液１３は、配管２４を通じて濾液タンク４内に入れられる。 On the other hand, a part of the fluid 12 supplied to the inside of the filtration device 1 is filtered and discharged as the filtrate 13 from the filtrate outlet 1c. The filtrate 13 discharged from the filtrate discharge port 1 c is put into the filtrate tank 4 through the pipe 24.
　なお、図１の他の形態として、ポンプ３を配管２１と配管２２の間ではなく、配管２３の経路内に配置してもよい。あるいは、流体タンク２や濾液タンク４を密閉容器として、閉鎖系の濾過装置を実現してもよい。 As another form of FIG. 1, the pump 3 may be arranged in the path of the pipe 23 instead of between the pipe 21 and the pipe 22. Alternatively, a closed filtration apparatus may be realized by using the fluid tank 2 or the filtrate tank 4 as a sealed container.
　次に、濾過装置１の構成について説明する。図２は、濾過装置１の概略断面図である。 Next, the configuration of the filtration device 1 will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filtration device 1.
　図２に示すように、濾過装置１は、濾過対象物１１を含む流体１２が流れる流路３１ａを有する管状部材３１と、濾過対象物１１を濾過する濾過フィルタ３２とを備えている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the filtration device 1 includes a tubular member 31 having a flow path 31 a through which the fluid 12 including the filtration object 11 flows, and a filtration filter 32 that filters the filtration object 11.
　管状部材３１は、例えば、円筒状の部材である。管状部材３１の側壁の一部に、濾液排出口１ｃが設けられている。濾液排出口１ｃの周囲には、流路３１ａを縮小するように流路３１ａ内へ突出する凸部５が設けられている。本実施の形態において、凸部５は、管状部材３１の側壁の一部を、当該一部に対向する側壁に向けて突出させることにより形成されている。また、凸部５は、例えば、濾液排出口１ｃの面に対して環状に形成されている。当該凸部５により管状部材３１の側壁に段差が形成されている。この段差により、凸部５の近傍の流体１２の流れが乱され、管軸Ａ１の延在方向と交差する方向に速度成分を有する流れ（乱流）が生じる。本実施の形態において、管状部材３１は、凸部５の近傍以外は乱流が生じ難いように、凸部５を除いて内径が一様な管状部材で構成されている。 The tubular member 31 is, for example, a cylindrical member. A filtrate discharge port 1 c is provided in a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31. Around the filtrate outlet 1c, there is provided a convex portion 5 protruding into the flow path 31a so as to reduce the flow path 31a. In the present embodiment, the convex portion 5 is formed by projecting a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31 toward the side wall facing the part. Moreover, the convex part 5 is cyclically | annularly formed with respect to the surface of the filtrate discharge port 1c, for example. A step is formed on the side wall of the tubular member 31 by the convex portion 5. By this step, the flow of the fluid 12 in the vicinity of the convex portion 5 is disturbed, and a flow having a velocity component (turbulent flow) is generated in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the tube axis A1. In the present embodiment, the tubular member 31 is formed of a tubular member having a uniform inner diameter except for the convex portion 5 so that turbulent flow is unlikely to occur except in the vicinity of the convex portion 5.
　なお、管状部材３１の他の形態として、方形や楕円形など任意の断面形状であってもよい。また、管状部材３１の材料としては、例えば、ステンレス鋼、シリコン樹脂、ＰＶＤＦ（テフロン：登録商標）、塩化ビニル、ガラス、ブタジエン非含有樹脂、などが挙げられる。さらに、これらの材料に濾過対象物が付着しにくい様にコーティング材を塗布してもよい。 In addition, as another form of the tubular member 31, an arbitrary cross-sectional shape such as a square or an ellipse may be used. Examples of the material of the tubular member 31 include stainless steel, silicon resin, PVDF (Teflon: registered trademark), vinyl chloride, glass, butadiene-free resin, and the like. Furthermore, a coating material may be applied so that the object to be filtered does not easily adhere to these materials.
　凸部５には、配管２４が流体連通している。凸部５内には、配管２４へ流れる流体１２を濾過するように濾過フィルタ３２が配置されている。濾過フィルタ３２は、濾過対象物１１を濾過する金属製多孔膜３２ａと、金属製多孔膜３２ａの外周部を保持する枠体３２ｂとを有している。 A pipe 24 is in fluid communication with the convex portion 5. In the convex part 5, the filtration filter 32 is arrange | positioned so that the fluid 12 which flows into the piping 24 may be filtered. The filtration filter 32 includes a metal porous film 32a that filters the object to be filtered 11, and a frame body 32b that holds the outer periphery of the metal porous film 32a.
　金属製多孔膜３２ａは、凸部５内に配置されるとともに、流体１２の流れ方向に沿うように配置されている。本実施の形態において、流体１２の流れ方向は、管軸Ａ１の延在方向と平行である。金属製多孔膜３２ａは、管軸Ａ１の延在方向と平行に配置されている。 The metal porous film 32 a is disposed in the convex portion 5 and is disposed along the flow direction of the fluid 12. In the present embodiment, the flow direction of the fluid 12 is parallel to the extending direction of the tube axis A1. The metal porous film 32a is disposed in parallel with the extending direction of the tube axis A1.
　本実施の形態において、濾過対象物１１は、液体に含まれる生物由来物質である。本明細書において、「生物由来物質」とは、細胞（真核生物）、細菌（真性細菌）、ウィルス等の生物に由来する物質を意味する。細胞（真核生物）としては、例えば、卵、精子、人工多能性幹細胞（ｉＰＳ細胞）、ＥＳ細胞、幹細胞、間葉系幹細胞、単核球細胞、単細胞、細胞塊、浮遊性細胞、接着性細胞、神経細胞、白血球、リンパ球、再生医療用細胞、自己細胞、がん細胞、血中循環がん細胞（ＣＴＣ）、ＨＬ－６０、ＨＥＬＡ、菌類を含む。細菌（真性細菌）としては、例えば、グラム陽性菌、グラム陰性菌、大腸菌、結核菌を含む。ウィルスとしては、例えば、ＤＮＡウィルス、ＲＮＡウィルス、ロタウィルス、（鳥）インフルエンザウィルス、黄熱病ウィルス、デング熱病ウィルス、脳炎ウィルス、出血熱ウィルス、免疫不全ウィルスを含む。 In the present embodiment, the filtration object 11 is a biological substance contained in the liquid. In the present specification, the “biological substance” means a substance derived from a living organism such as a cell (eukaryotic organism), a bacterium (eubacteria), or a virus. Examples of cells (eukaryotes) include eggs, sperm, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), ES cells, stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, mononuclear cells, single cells, cell masses, suspension cells, and adhesions. Includes sex cells, nerve cells, leukocytes, lymphocytes, cells for regenerative medicine, autologous cells, cancer cells, circulating cancer cells (CTC), HL-60, HELA, and fungi. Examples of bacteria (true bacteria) include gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, and tuberculosis bacteria. Examples of the virus include DNA virus, RNA virus, rotavirus, (bird) influenza virus, yellow fever virus, dengue fever virus, encephalitis virus, hemorrhagic fever virus, and immunodeficiency virus.
　また、本実施の形態において、金属製多孔膜３２ａは、生物由来物質を分離する多孔膜である。図３は、金属製多孔膜３２ａの一部の拡大斜視図である。 Further, in the present embodiment, the metallic porous membrane 32a is a porous membrane that separates biological substances. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the metal porous film 32a.
　図３に示すように、金属製多孔膜３２ａは、互いに対向する第１主面３２ｃと第２主面３２ｄとを有している。また、金属製多孔膜３２ａには、第１主面３２ｃと第２主面３２ｄとを貫通する複数の貫通孔３２ｅが設けられている。貫通孔３２ｅは、液体から生物由来物質を分離するものである。貫通孔３２ｅの形状及び寸法は、生物由来物質の形状、大きさに応じて適宜設定されるものである。貫通孔３２ｅは、例えば、等間隔又は周期的に配置される。貫通孔３２ｅの形状は、例えば、金属製多孔膜３２ａの第１主面３２ｃ又は第２主面３２ｄ側から見て正方形である。貫通孔３２ｅのサイズは、例えば、縦０．１μｍ以上５００μｍ以下、横０．１μｍ以上５００μｍ以下である。貫通孔３２ｅ間の間隔は、例えば、貫通孔３２ｅの開口径の１倍よりも大きく１０倍以下であり、より好ましくは３倍以下である。また、金属製多孔膜３２ａにおける貫通孔３２ｅの開口率は、例えば、１０％以上である。 As shown in FIG. 3, the metal porous film 32a has a first main surface 32c and a second main surface 32d that face each other. The metal porous film 32a is provided with a plurality of through holes 32e penetrating the first main surface 32c and the second main surface 32d. The through hole 32e separates a biological material from the liquid. The shape and size of the through-hole 32e are appropriately set according to the shape and size of the biological material. The through holes 32e are arranged at regular intervals or periodically, for example. The shape of the through hole 32e is, for example, a square when viewed from the first main surface 32c or the second main surface 32d side of the metal porous film 32a. The size of the through hole 32e is, for example, from 0.1 μm to 500 μm in length and from 0.1 μm to 500 μm in width. The interval between the through holes 32e is, for example, greater than 1 time and less than or equal to 10 times, more preferably less than or equal to 3 times the opening diameter of the through holes 32e. Moreover, the aperture ratio of the through-hole 32e in the metal porous film 32a is, for example, 10% or more.
　金属製多孔膜３２ａの材料としては、例えば、金、銀、銅、白金、ニッケル、ステンレス鋼、パラジウム、チタン、コバルト、及びこれらの合金が挙げられる。金属製多孔膜３２ａの直径は、例えば、直径８ｍｍである。金属製多孔膜３２ａの厚さは、例えば、０．０５μｍ以上１００μｍ以下であり、好ましくは、０．１μｍ以上５０μｍ以下である。金属製多孔膜３２ａの外形は、例えば、円形、楕円形、又は多角形のいずれかである。本実施の形態においては、金属製多孔膜３２ａの外形は、円形とする。 Examples of the material of the metal porous film 32a include gold, silver, copper, platinum, nickel, stainless steel, palladium, titanium, cobalt, and alloys thereof. The metal porous film 32a has a diameter of, for example, 8 mm. The thickness of the metal porous film 32a is, for example, not less than 0.05 μm and not more than 100 μm, and preferably not less than 0.1 μm and not more than 50 μm. The outer shape of the metal porous film 32a is, for example, one of a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon. In the present embodiment, the metal porous film 32a has a circular outer shape.
　枠体３２ｂは、環状（例えば、円環状）に形成されている。枠体３２ｂの材料としては、例えば、ジュラルミン、アルミニウムなどの金属や、ポリエチレン、ポリスチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリカーボネート、ポリアセタール、ポリエーテルイミドなどの樹脂が挙げられる。枠体３２ｂの幅は、例えば、０．９ｍｍである。枠体３２ｂの厚さは、例えば、２０μｍである。 The frame body 32b is formed in an annular shape (for example, an annular shape). Examples of the material of the frame 32b include metals such as duralumin and aluminum, and resins such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyacetal, and polyetherimide. The width of the frame 32b is, for example, 0.9 mm. The thickness of the frame body 32b is, for example, 20 μm.
　本実施の形態に係る濾過装置１によれば、金属製多孔膜３２ａが、流路３１ａを縮小するように突出する凸部５内に配置されるとともに、流体１２の流れ方向に沿うように配置されている。この構成によれば、凸部５により流体１２の流れを乱すとともに流体１２の流速を速めることができる。これにより、濾過フィルタ３２の目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる。 According to the filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment, the metal porous membrane 32a is arranged in the convex portion 5 protruding so as to reduce the flow path 31a, and is arranged along the flow direction of the fluid 12. Has been. According to this configuration, the flow of the fluid 12 can be disturbed by the convex portion 5 and the flow velocity of the fluid 12 can be increased. Thereby, clogging of the filter 32 can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
　なお、凸部５の突出量は、濾過対象物１１の大きさの１倍以上であることが好ましい。この構成によれば、流体１２の流れを乱すとともに流体１２の流速を速めることができる。これにより、濾過フィルタ３２の目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる。また、凸部５によって流路３１ａ内に生じた段差で、濾過対象物１１を捕捉できる効果も生じる。 In addition, it is preferable that the protrusion amount of the convex part 5 is 1 time or more of the magnitude | size of the filtration target object 11. FIG. According to this configuration, the flow of the fluid 12 can be disturbed and the flow velocity of the fluid 12 can be increased. Thereby, clogging of the filter 32 can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved. Moreover, the effect which can capture the filtration target object 11 also arises in the level | step difference produced in the flow path 31a by the convex part 5. FIG.
　また、金属製多孔膜３２ａと、当該金属製多孔膜３２ａに対向する管状部材３１の側壁との距離は、濾過対象物１１の大きさの１倍より大きいことが好ましい。この構成によれば、濾過対象物１１が、金属製多孔膜３２ａと管状部材３１の側壁との間を通過することができる。これにより、濾過フィルタ３２の目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができる。 In addition, the distance between the metal porous membrane 32a and the side wall of the tubular member 31 facing the metal porous membrane 32a is preferably larger than one time the size of the filtration object 11. According to this configuration, the filtration object 11 can pass between the metal porous membrane 32 a and the side wall of the tubular member 31. Thereby, clogging of the filter 32 can be further suppressed, and the filtration efficiency can be further improved.
　（実施例）
　次に、本発明の実施例に係る濾過装置を用いて流体から濾過対象物を濾過した結果について説明する。 (Example)
Next, the result of filtering the object to be filtered from the fluid using the filtration device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
　ここでは、流体１２として、細胞ＨＬ６０を含むＰＢＳ溶液（リン酸緩衝生理食塩水）を用い、濾過フィルタ３２により当該ＰＢＳ溶液から液体成分を濾過するとともに細胞ＨＬ６０を捕捉するようにした。ＰＢＳ溶液は直径約９μｍの概球形を有する１×１０５個の細胞ＨＬ６０を含み、ＰＢＳ溶液の総量は５０ｍｌとした。 Here, a PBS solution (phosphate buffered saline) containing the cells HL60 is used as the fluid 12, and the liquid components are filtered from the PBS solution by the filtration filter 32 and the cells HL60 are captured. The PBS solution contained 1 × 10 5 cells HL60 having an approximately spherical shape with a diameter of about 9 μm, and the total amount of the PBS solution was 50 ml.
　また、金属製多孔膜３２ａとして、外形が円形、厚みが１．０μｍ、直径が７．８ｍｍ、中心から直径６ｍｍの範囲にメッシュ構造を有するニッケル製のメッシュ膜を用いた。メッシュ構造は、一辺が２．５μｍの正方形の貫通孔を３．６μｍピッチで配置した正方格子配列とした。また、金属製多孔膜３２ａは、流路３１ａ側の主面が管状部材３１の側壁から流路３１ａ内へ１．５ｍｍ離れて位置するように配置した。また、管状部材３１として、内径２ｍｍのチューブを用いた。 Further, as the metal porous film 32a, a nickel mesh film having a circular outer shape, a thickness of 1.0 μm, a diameter of 7.8 mm, and a mesh structure in a range of 6 mm in diameter from the center was used. The mesh structure was a square lattice arrangement in which square through holes with sides of 2.5 μm were arranged at a pitch of 3.6 μm. Further, the metal porous film 32a was arranged so that the main surface on the flow channel 31a side was located 1.5 mm away from the side wall of the tubular member 31 into the flow channel 31a. Further, as the tubular member 31, a tube having an inner diameter of 2 mm was used.
　この管状部材３１内の流路３１ａに、毎分２４０ｍｌの流速で前記ＰＢＳ溶液が流れるように、ポンプ３を約３０分間駆動させた。その後、濾過フィルタ３２を通過した液体の液量（濾液）を測定したところ、当該液量は４０ｍｌであった。 The pump 3 was driven for about 30 minutes so that the PBS solution flowed through the flow path 31a in the tubular member 31 at a flow rate of 240 ml per minute. Then, when the liquid volume (filtrate) of the liquid that passed through the filter 32 was measured, the liquid volume was 40 ml.
　一方、金属製多孔膜３２ａの流路３１ａ側の主面が管状部材３１の側壁に沿うように濾過フィルタ３２を配置し、前記と同様に流路３１ａ内に前記ＰＢＳ溶液を流したところ、濾液の液量は２２ｍｌであった。また、ポンプ３の駆動による濾過動作の後半では、ほとんど濾液が得られなかった。また、顕微鏡で金属製多孔膜３２ａを観察したところ、金属製多孔膜３２ａ上に多数の細胞ＨＬ６０が捕捉されていることを確認した。すなわち、金属製多孔膜３２ａに目詰まりが発生していることを確認した。 On the other hand, when the filtration filter 32 is disposed so that the main surface of the metal porous membrane 32a on the flow path 31a side is along the side wall of the tubular member 31, and the PBS solution is flowed into the flow path 31a in the same manner as described above, The liquid volume of was 22 ml. Further, almost no filtrate was obtained in the latter half of the filtration operation by driving the pump 3. Further, when the metal porous membrane 32a was observed with a microscope, it was confirmed that a large number of cells HL60 were captured on the metal porous membrane 32a. That is, it was confirmed that clogging occurred in the metal porous film 32a.
　以上により、本発明の実施例に係る濾過装置によれば、濾過フィルタ３２の目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができることが確認された。 From the above, it was confirmed that the filtration device according to the example of the present invention can further suppress the clogging of the filtration filter 32 and further improve the filtration efficiency.
　なお、本発明は前記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その他種々の態様で実施できる。例えば、前記では、凸部５は、管状部材３１の側壁の一部を、当該一部に対向する側壁に向けて突出させることにより形成されるものとしたが、本発明はこれに限定されない。例えば、図４に示すように、管状部材３１に貫通穴を設け、当該貫通穴の内側周囲に枠体３２ｂを取り付け、当該枠体３２ｂにより凸部５を形成するようにしてもよい。すなわち、管状部材３１の側壁の一部に枠体３２ｂを取り付け、当該枠体３２ｂの厚みにより凸部５を形成するようにしてもよい。この場合でも、金属製多孔膜３２ａを凸部５に配置するとともに流体１２の流れ方向に沿うように配置することができる。 Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various other modes. For example, in the above description, the convex portion 5 is formed by projecting a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31 toward the side wall facing the part, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a through hole may be provided in the tubular member 31, a frame body 32b may be attached to the inner periphery of the through hole, and the convex portion 5 may be formed by the frame body 32b. That is, the frame body 32b may be attached to a part of the side wall of the tubular member 31, and the convex portion 5 may be formed by the thickness of the frame body 32b. Even in this case, the metal porous film 32a can be arranged on the convex portion 5 and can be arranged along the flow direction of the fluid 12.
　また、前記では、図２に示すように、管状部材３１が真っ直ぐな円筒状（直管形状）であるものとしたが、本発明はこれに限定されない。管状部材３１は、金属製多孔膜３２ａに沿って流体１２を流すことができるように構成されていればよい。例えば、図５～図８に示すように、管状部材３１の流体導入口１ａ側又は流体排出口１ｂ側の部分が、管軸Ａ１の延在方向に対して交差する方向に曲がるように構成されてもよい。 In the above description, as shown in FIG. 2, the tubular member 31 has a straight cylindrical shape (straight tube shape), but the present invention is not limited to this. The tubular member 31 should just be comprised so that the fluid 12 can be flowed along the metal porous membrane 32a. For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the portion of the tubular member 31 on the fluid introduction port 1a side or fluid discharge port 1b side is configured to bend in a direction intersecting with the extending direction of the tube axis A1. May be.
　また、前記では、図２に示すように、濾過フィルタ３２が、１つの管状部材３１に対して１つ設けられるものとしたが、本発明はこれに限定されない。濾過フィルタ３２は、図９に示すように、１つの管状部材３１に対して複数（例えば、３つ）設けられてもよい。なお、この場合、複数の濾過フィルタ３２は、図９に示すように、管軸Ａ１の延在方向に配列されることが好ましい。また、複数の濾過フィルタ３２は、それぞれの金属製多孔膜３２ａの貫通穴３２ｅ（図３参照）の開口径が互いに異なっていてもよい。この構成によれば、流体１２にサイズの異なる複数の濾過対象物１１が含まれる場合であっても、それらの濾過対象物１１を分級することが可能になる。 In the above description, as shown in FIG. 2, one filter 32 is provided for one tubular member 31, but the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of (for example, three) filtration filters 32 may be provided for one tubular member 31. In this case, it is preferable that the plurality of filtration filters 32 be arranged in the extending direction of the tube axis A1, as shown in FIG. The plurality of filtration filters 32 may have different opening diameters of the through holes 32e (see FIG. 3) of the respective metal porous membranes 32a. According to this configuration, even if the fluid 12 includes a plurality of filtering objects 11 having different sizes, the filtering objects 11 can be classified.
　また、前記では、流体１２が液体であるとしたが、本発明はこれに限定されない。例えば、流体１２は気体であり、濾過対象物１１は気体に含まれた微粒子であってもよい。微粒子とは、例えば、工業用粉体材料やＰＭ２．５などである。 In the above description, the fluid 12 is a liquid, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the fluid 12 may be a gas, and the filtration target 11 may be fine particles contained in the gas. The fine particles are, for example, industrial powder materials and PM2.5.
　本発明は、添付図面を参照しながら好ましい実施形態に関連して充分に記載されているが、この技術の熟練した人々にとっては種々の変形や修正は明白である。そのような変形や修正は、添付した請求の範囲による本発明の範囲から外れない限りにおいて、その中に含まれると理解されるべきである。 Although the present invention has been fully described in connection with preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, various variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included therein, so long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention according to the appended claims.
　本発明は、濾過フィルタの目詰まりをより一層抑えて、濾過効率をより一層向上させることができるので、特に、濾過対象物の濃度が高い流体を濾過する濾過装置に有用である。 Since the present invention can further suppress the clogging of the filtration filter and further improve the filtration efficiency, it is particularly useful for a filtration apparatus for filtering a fluid having a high concentration of the filtration object.
　　１　　濾過装置
　　１ａ　流体導入口
　　１ｂ　流体排出口
　　１ｃ　濾液排出口
　　２　　流体タンク
　　３　　ポンプ
　　４　　濾液タンク
　　５　　凸部
　１１　　濾過対象物
　１２　　流体
　１３　　濾液
　２１～２４　配管
　３１　　管状部材
　３１ａ　流路
　３２　　濾過フィルタ
　３２ａ　金属製多孔膜
　３２ｂ　枠体
　３２ｃ　第１主面
　３２ｄ　第２主面
　３２ｅ　貫通孔 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filtration apparatus 1a Fluid introduction port 1b Fluid discharge port 1c Filtrate discharge port 2 Fluid tank 3 Pump 4 Filtrate tank 5 Convex part 11 Filtration object 12 Fluid 13 Filtrate 21-24 Piping 31 Tubular member 31a Flow path 32 Filtration filter 32a Metal Porous film 32b Frame 32c First main surface 32d Second main surface 32e Through hole

Claims (6)

  1. 　濾過対象物を含む流体が流れる流路を有する管状部材と、
    　前記濾過対象物を濾過する金属製多孔膜を有する濾過フィルタと、
    　を備える濾過装置であって、
    　前記管状部材の側壁の一部には、前記濾過対象物が濾過された流体である濾液を排出するための濾液排出口が設けられ、
    　前記濾液排出口の周囲には、前記流路を縮小するように前記流路内へ突出する凸部が設けられ、
    　前記金属製多孔膜は、前記凸部内に配置されるとともに、前記流体の流れ方向に沿うように配置されている、
    　濾過装置。     A tubular member having a flow path through which a fluid containing an object to be filtered flows;
    A filtration filter having a metal porous membrane for filtering the filtration object;
    A filtration device comprising:
    A part of the side wall of the tubular member is provided with a filtrate outlet for discharging a filtrate that is a fluid obtained by filtering the object to be filtered.
    Around the filtrate outlet, there is provided a convex portion protruding into the flow path so as to reduce the flow path,
    The metal porous membrane is arranged in the convex portion and arranged along the fluid flow direction,
    Filtration device.
  2. 　前記凸部は、前記管状部材の側壁の一部を、当該一部に対向する側壁に向けて突出させることにより形成されている、請求項１に記載の濾過装置。 The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion is formed by projecting a part of a side wall of the tubular member toward a side wall facing the part.
  3. 　前記濾過フィルタは、前記金属製多孔膜の外周部を保持する枠部材を有し、
    　前記枠部材は、前記管状部材の側壁の一部に取り付けられ、
    　前記凸部は、前記枠部材により形成されている、請求項１に記載の濾過装置。     The filtration filter has a frame member that holds an outer peripheral portion of the metal porous membrane,
    The frame member is attached to a part of the side wall of the tubular member,
    The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion is formed by the frame member.
  4. 　前記管状部材は、前記凸部を除いて内径が一様な管状部材である、請求項１～３のいずれか１つに記載の濾過装置。 The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tubular member is a tubular member having a uniform inner diameter excluding the convex portion.
  5. 　前記凸部の突出量は、前記濾過対象物の大きさの１倍以上である、請求項１～４のいずれか１つに記載の濾過装置。 The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a protruding amount of the convex portion is one or more times the size of the filtration object.
  6. 　前記金属製多孔膜と、当該金属製多孔膜に対向する前記管状部材の側壁との距離は、前記濾過対象物の大きさの１倍より大きい、請求項１～５のいずれか１つに記載の濾過装置。 The distance between the metal porous membrane and the side wall of the tubular member facing the metal porous membrane is greater than one time the size of the object to be filtered, according to any one of claims 1 to 5. Filtration equipment.
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