WO2017101723A1 - 基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器 - Google Patents

基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器 Download PDF

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WO2017101723A1
WO2017101723A1 PCT/CN2016/108956 CN2016108956W WO2017101723A1 WO 2017101723 A1 WO2017101723 A1 WO 2017101723A1 CN 2016108956 W CN2016108956 W CN 2016108956W WO 2017101723 A1 WO2017101723 A1 WO 2017101723A1
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Prior art keywords
waveguide
tapered waveguide
mode
straight
combiner
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PCT/CN2016/108956
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王磊
陈代高
肖希
李淼峰
邱英
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武汉邮电科学研究院
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Priority to US16/061,650 priority Critical patent/US10551567B2/en
Publication of WO2017101723A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017101723A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
    • G02B6/2826—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals using mechanical machining means for shaping of the couplers, e.g. grinding or polishing
    • G02B6/283—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals using mechanical machining means for shaping of the couplers, e.g. grinding or polishing couplers being tunable or adjustable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2726—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means in or on light guides, e.g. polarisation means assembled in a light guide
    • G02B6/2733—Light guides evanescently coupled to polarisation sensitive elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/1228—Tapered waveguides, e.g. integrated spot-size transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/125—Bends, branchings or intersections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/126—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind using polarisation effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2726—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means in or on light guides, e.g. polarisation means assembled in a light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
    • G02B6/2773—Polarisation splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3058—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H01P5/185—Edge coupled lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical communication devices, and in particular to a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a graded waveguide direction coupler.
  • a polarization beam splitter is a light for dividing a beam of light into two polarization states of a TRANS (Transverse Electric mode) and a TM (Transverse Magnetic mode), or A device that combines two polarization states into a single beam.
  • TRANS Transverse Electric mode
  • TM Transverse Magnetic mode
  • Conventional polarizing beam splitters have the drawback of a narrow operating wavelength range.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art and to provide a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler, which can reduce the sensitivity of the TM mode light field to the length of the coupling region, and has a wider work.
  • the wavelength range is to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art and to provide a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler, which can reduce the sensitivity of the TM mode light field to the length of the coupling region, and has a wider work.
  • the wavelength range is to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art and to provide a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler, which can reduce the sensitivity of the TM mode light field to the length of the coupling region, and has a wider work.
  • the invention provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler, comprising a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combined end, a curved waveguide, a transverse electric mode TE end, and a transverse magnetic
  • the gradual waveguide directional coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide and a serial-pass tapered waveguide.
  • the straight-end tapered waveguide and the serial-pass tapered waveguide have opposite trends, and the straight-pass tapered waveguide and the serial-pass tapered waveguide have a gap between them.
  • the combining end is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide, the other end of the straight-through tapered waveguide is connected to one end of the curved waveguide, the other end of the curved waveguide is connected to the TE end of the transverse electric mode, and the serial-end tapered waveguide is connected with the transverse magnetic mode TM end. .
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner acts as a beam splitter In use, light is incident from the combining end, the light of the TE mode is emitted from the TE end of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner when used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE end of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, The combined light in the polarization state exits from the combining end.
  • the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide is narrowed from wide to wide, and the width of the cascaded tapered waveguide is narrowed and widened.
  • the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide is narrowed from [0.5, 1] ⁇ m to [0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m, and the width of the cascade-pass tapered waveguide is widened from [0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m to [ 0.5, 1] ⁇ m, there is a certain interval between the straight-through tapered waveguide and the serial-pass tapered waveguide.
  • the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide is narrowed from [0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m to [0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m, and the width of the cascaded tapered waveguide is widened from [0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m to [ 0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m, there is a certain interval between the straight-through tapered waveguide and the serial-pass tapered waveguide.
  • the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide is narrowed and widened, and the width of the cascaded tapered waveguide is narrowed from wide to wide.
  • the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide is widened from [0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m to [0.5, 1] ⁇ m, and the width of the cascaded tapered waveguide is narrowed from [0.5, 1] ⁇ m to [ 0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m, there is a certain interval between the straight-through tapered waveguide and the serial-pass tapered waveguide.
  • the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide is widened from [0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m to [0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m, and the width of the cascaded tapered waveguide is narrowed from [0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m to [ 0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m, there is a certain interval between the straight-through tapered waveguide and the serial-pass tapered waveguide.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner of the present invention comprises a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combined beam end, a curved waveguide, a transverse electric mode TE end, and a transverse magnetic mode TM end, and the gradual waveguide directional coupler has a straight-through end gradient waveguide and a cross-talk end gradient.
  • the composition of the waveguide is opposite to that of the tapered waveguide of the straight-through end, and the gradient between the straight-end tapered waveguide and the cascade-end tapered waveguide is connected, and the combined end is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide, and the straight-through tapered waveguide is connected.
  • the other end is connected to one end of the curved waveguide, the other end of the curved waveguide is connected to the TE end of the transverse electric mode, and the cross-end tapered waveguide is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end, the light of the TE mode is emitted from the TE end of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE end of the transverse mode, the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined.
  • the beam ends out.
  • the polarization beam splitter utilizes the difference in coupling efficiency between the TE mode light and the TM mode light between adjacent waveguides, enabling TE to output from the through waveguide and TM to couple to the string pass waveguide output.
  • the coupling efficiency of the TE mode is insensitive to variations in the length of the coupling region of the through-waveguide and the string-pass waveguide, while the TM mode of different wavelengths is very sensitive to the coupling length.
  • the polarization beam splitter has a wavelength dependence.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner of the present invention introduces a gradual waveguide structure, which can reduce the sensitivity of the coupling efficiency of the TM mode to the coupling length, thereby reducing the wavelength dependence of the TM mode coupling efficiency, and has a wider operating wavelength range.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional polarization beam splitter.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide direction coupler in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide direction coupler in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner comprises a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combined end 1, a curved waveguide 5, a transverse electric mode TE end 6, a transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, and a gradual waveguide directional coupler is formed by a straight-through tapered waveguide 2
  • the cross-linking end gradient waveguide 3 is composed, and the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have the opposite trend, and the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a gap of 4, the combined end 1 and the through end.
  • One end of the tapered waveguide 2 is connected, the other end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the horizontal end 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the end 7 of the transverse magnetic mode TM .
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end 7 of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from [0.5, 1] ⁇ m to [0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m, and the width of the tapered end tapered waveguide 3 is widened from [0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m to [0.5, 1] ⁇ m. There is a certain interval between the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3.
  • the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is widened from [0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m to [0.5, 1] ⁇ m, and the width of the cascade-pass tapered waveguide 3 is narrowed from [0.5, 1] ⁇ m to [0.3, 0.45] ⁇ m. There is a certain interval between the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3.
  • the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from [0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m to [0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m, and the width of the cascade-pass tapered waveguide 3 is widened from [0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m to [0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m. There is a certain interval between the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3.
  • the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is widened from [0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m to [0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m, and the width of the cascade-pass tapered waveguide 3 is narrowed from [0.6, 0.9] ⁇ m to [0.35, 0.45] ⁇ m. There is a certain interval between the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3.
  • Embodiment 1 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combined end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from 0.5 ⁇ m to 0.3 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is widened from 0.3 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m, and the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the straight-through is connected.
  • the other end of the end-graded waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 2 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide direction coupler, the broadband polarization splitter/combiner including a gradual waveguide directional coupler,
  • the combining end 1, the curved waveguide 5, the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the gradual waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2 and a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2 is 0.3 ⁇ m is widened to 0.5 ⁇ m, the width of the series-pass tapered waveguide 3 is narrowed from 0.5 ⁇ m to 0.3 ⁇ m, and the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, the combined end 1 and the through end One end of the tapered waveguide 2 is connected, the other end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 3 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from 0.6 ⁇ m to 0.35 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is widened from 0.35 ⁇ m to 0.6 ⁇ m, and the through-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the through-through
  • the other end of the end-graded waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the light of the TE mode is from the transverse electric mode TE
  • the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is emitted from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 4 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is widened from 0.35 ⁇ m to 0.6 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is narrowed from 0.6 ⁇ m to 0.35 ⁇ m, and the through-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the through-through
  • the other end of the end-graded waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 5 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combined end 1, and a curved waveguide 5 , transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from 0.7 ⁇ m to 0.4 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is widened from 0.4 ⁇ m to 0.7 ⁇ m, and the through-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 are Having a certain interval 4, the combining end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2, the other end of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, and the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the lateral end 6 of the transverse electric mode, and collusion
  • the end gradient waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM terminal 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 6 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is widened from 0.4 ⁇ m to 0.7 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is narrowed from 0.7 ⁇ m to 0.4 ⁇ m, and the through-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the through-through
  • the other end of the end-graded waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 7 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5 , transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from 0.8 ⁇ m to 0.4 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is widened from 0.4 ⁇ m to 0.8 ⁇ m, and the through-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the through-through
  • the other end of the end-graded waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 8 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2 is widened from 0.4 ⁇ m to 0.8 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is narrowed from 0.8 ⁇ m to 0.4 ⁇ m, and the through-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the through-through
  • the other end of the end-graded waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, The light of the TE mode exits from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode exits from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 9 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • the transverse electric mode TE end 6, the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the gradual waveguide directional coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2 and a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from 0.9 ⁇ m to 0.45 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the series-end tapered waveguide 3 is widened from 0.45 ⁇ m to 0.9 ⁇ m, and the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the straight-through is connected.
  • the other end of the end-graded waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 10 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide direction coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • the transverse mode TE end 6, the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the gradual waveguide direction coupler consists of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a cross-connected tapered waveguide 3, and a straight-through end
  • the width of the variable waveguide 2 is widened from 0.45 ⁇ m to 0.9 ⁇ m
  • the width of the tapered end tapered waveguide 3 is narrowed from 0.9 ⁇ m to 0.45 ⁇ m
  • the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the serial-pass tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval of 4
  • the beam end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, the other end of the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the trans
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 11 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combined end 1, and a curved waveguide 5 , transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7,
  • the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2 is narrowed from 1 ⁇ m to 0.45 ⁇ m, colluding
  • the width of the end-graded waveguide 3 is widened from 0.45 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m, and the straight-end tapered waveguide 2 and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the straight-through end is gradually changed.
  • the other end of the waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the transverse electric mode TE end 6, and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 is connected to the transverse magnetic mode TM end 7.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.
  • Embodiment 12 provides a broadband polarization splitter/combiner based on a gradual waveguide directional coupler including a gradual waveguide directional coupler, a combining end 1, and a curved waveguide 5.
  • transverse mode TE end 6, transverse magnetic mode TM end 7, the tapered waveguide direction coupler is composed of a straight-through tapered waveguide 2, a serial-pass tapered waveguide 3, and the width of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2 is widened from 0.45 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m, colluding
  • the width of the end-graded waveguide 3 is narrowed from 1 ⁇ m to 0.45 ⁇ m, and the through-end tapered waveguide 2 and the cross-connected tapered waveguide 3 have a certain interval 4, and the combined end 1 is connected to one end of the straight-through tapered waveguide 2, and the through-end gradient
  • the other end of the waveguide 2 is connected to one end of the curved waveguide 5, the other end of the curved waveguide 5 is connected to the trans
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam splitter, light is incident from the combining end 1, and the light of the TE mode is emitted from the transverse mode TE end 6, and the light of the TM mode is emitted from the transverse magnetic mode TM end 6.
  • the broadband polarization splitter/combiner When the broadband polarization splitter/combiner is used as a beam combiner, the light of the TE mode is incident from the TE terminal 6 of the transverse electric mode, and the light of the TM mode is incident from the end of the transverse magnetic mode TM, and the light of the two polarization states is combined. Exit from the combining end 1.

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Abstract

一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，涉及光通信器件领域。包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端（1）、弯曲波导（5）、横电模TE端（6）、横磁模TM端（7），渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导（2）、串通端渐变波导（3）组成，直通端渐变波导（2）与串通端渐变波导（3）宽度的变化趋势相反，且直通端渐变波导（2）、串通端渐变波导（3）之间具有间隔，合束端（1）与直通端渐变波导（2）的一端连接，直通端渐变波导（2）的另一端与弯曲波导（5）的一端连接，弯曲波导（5）另一端与横电模TE端（6）连接，串通端渐变波导（3）与横磁模TM端（7）连接。宽带偏振分/合束器能够降低TM模光场对于耦合区域长度的敏感度，具有更宽的工作波长范围。

Description

基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器 技术领域
本发明涉及光通信器件领域，具体是涉及一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器。
背景技术
参见图1所示，偏振分束器是一种用于将一束光分为TE(Transverse Electric mode，横电模)和TM(Transverse Magnetic mode，横磁模)两束偏振态的光，或者将两束偏振态的光合成为一束的器件。传统的偏振分束器存在工作波长范围较窄的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服上述背景技术的不足，提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，能够降低TM模光场对于耦合区域长度的敏感度，具有更宽的工作波长范围。
本发明提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端、弯曲波导、横电模TE端、横磁模TM端，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导、串通端渐变波导组成，直通端渐变波导与串通端渐变波导宽度的变化趋势相反，且直通端渐变波导、串通端渐变波导之间具有间隔，合束端与直通端渐变波导的一端连接，直通端渐变波导的另一端与弯曲波导的一端连接，弯曲波导另一端与横电模TE端连接，串通端渐变波导与横磁模TM端连接。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器 使用时，光从合束端入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端出射。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端出射。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述直通端渐变波导的宽度由宽变窄，串通端渐变波导的宽度由窄变宽。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述直通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.5，1】μm变窄至【0.3，0.45】μm，串通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.3，0.45】μm变宽至【0.5，1】μm，直通端渐变波导与串通端渐变波导之间有一定间隔。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述直通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.6，0.9】μm变窄至【0.35，0.45】μm，串通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.35，0.45】μm变宽至【0.6，0.9】μm，直通端渐变波导与串通端渐变波导之间有一定间隔。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述直通端渐变波导的宽度由窄变宽，串通端渐变波导的宽度由宽变窄。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述直通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.3，0.45】μm变宽至【0.5，1】μm，串通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.5，1】μm变窄至【0.3，0.45】μm，直通端渐变波导与串通端渐变波导之间有一定间隔。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述直通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.35，0.45】μm变宽至【0.6，0.9】μm，串通端渐变波导的宽度由【0.6，0.9】μm变窄至【0.35，0.45】μm，直通端渐变波导与串通端渐变波导之间有一定间隔。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点如下：
本发明的宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端、弯曲波导、横电模TE端、横磁模TM端，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导、串通端渐变波导组成，直通端渐变波导与串通端渐变波导宽度的变化趋势相反，且直通端渐变波导、串通端渐变波导之间具有间隔，合束端与直通端渐变波导的一端连接，直通端渐变波导的另一端与弯曲波导的一端连接，弯曲波导另一端与横电模TE端连接，串通端渐变波导与横磁模TM端连接。该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端出射。该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端出射。偏振分束器是利用TE模式的光与TM模式的光在相邻波导间的耦合效率的不同，实现TE从直通波导输出，而TM耦合到串通波导输出。TE模式的耦合效率对直通波导和串通波导的耦合区域长度变化不敏感，而不同波长的TM模式对于耦合长度非常敏感。因此，偏振分束器具有波长相关性。本发明中的宽带偏振分/合束器引入渐变波导结构，能够降低TM模式的耦合效率对于耦合长度的敏感度，从而降低TM模耦合效率的波长相关性，具有更宽的工作波长范围。
附图说明
图1是传统的偏振分束器的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1中基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器的结构示意图。
图3是本发明实施例2中基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器的结构示意图。
附图标记：1-合束端，2-直通端渐变波导，3-串通端渐变波导，4-间隔，5-弯曲波导，6-横电模TE端，7-横磁模TM端。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
为了加宽偏振分束器的工作波长范围，而不增加器件的复杂度，本发明实施例提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，参见图2、图3所示，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2与串通端渐变波导3宽度的变化趋势相反，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
上述宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
上述宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
具体的，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由【0.5，1】μm变窄至【0.3，0.45】μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由【0.3，0.45】μm变宽至【0.5，1】μm，直通端渐变波导2与串通端渐变波导3之间有一定间隔。
或者，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由【0.3，0.45】μm变宽至【0.5，1】μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由【0.5，1】μm变窄至【0.3，0.45】μm，直通端渐变波导2与串通端渐变波导3之间有一定间隔。
进一步，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由【0.6，0.9】μm变窄至【0.35，0.45】μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由【0.35，0.45】μm变宽至【0.6，0.9】μm，直通端渐变波导2与串通端渐变波导3之间有一定间隔。
或者，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由【0.35，0.45】μm变宽至【0.6，0.9】μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由【0.6，0.9】μm变窄至【0.35，0.45】μm，直通端渐变波导2与串通端渐变波导3之间有一定间隔。
下面通过12个具体实施例进行详细说明。
实施例1
参见图2所示，实施例1提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.5μm变窄至0.3μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.3μm变宽至0.5μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例2
参见图3所示，实施例2提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、 合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.3μm变宽至0.5μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.5μm变窄至0.3μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例3
参见图2所示，实施例3提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.6μm变窄至0.35μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.35μm变宽至0.6μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE 端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例4
参见图3所示，实施例4提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.35μm变宽至0.6μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.6μm变窄至0.35μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例5
参见图2所示，实施例5提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.7μm变窄至0.4μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.4μm变宽至0.7μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间 具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例6
参见图3所示，实施例6提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.4μm变宽至0.7μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.7μm变窄至0.4μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例7
参见图2所示，实施例7提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.8μm变窄至0.4μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.4μm变宽至0.8μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例8
参见图3所示，实施例8提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.4μm变宽至0.8μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.8μm变窄至0.4μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射， TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例9
参见图2所示，实施例9提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.9μm变窄至0.45μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.45μm变宽至0.9μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例10
参见图3所示，实施例10提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐 变波导2的宽度由0.45μm变宽至0.9μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.9μm变窄至0.45μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例11
参见图2所示，实施例11提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由1μm变窄至0.45μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由0.45μm变宽至1μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
实施例12
参见图3所示，实施例12提供一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端1、弯曲波导5、横电模TE端6、横磁模TM端7，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3组成，直通端渐变波导2的宽度由0.45μm变宽至1μm，串通端渐变波导3的宽度由1μm变窄至0.45μm，且直通端渐变波导2、串通端渐变波导3之间具有一定间隔4，合束端1与直通端渐变波导2的一端连接，直通端渐变波导2的另一端与弯曲波导5的一端连接，弯曲波导5另一端与横电模TE端6连接，串通端渐变波导3与横磁模TM端7连接。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端1入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端6出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端6出射。
该宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端6入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端7入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端1出射。
本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种修改和变型，倘若这些修改和变型在本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则这些修改和变型也在本发明的保护范围之内。
说明书中未详细描述的内容为本领域技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：该宽带偏振分/合束器包括渐变波导方向耦合器、合束端(1)、弯曲波导(5)、横电模TE端(6)、横磁模TM端(7)，渐变波导方向耦合器由直通端渐变波导(2)、串通端渐变波导(3)组成，直通端渐变波导(2)与串通端渐变波导(3)宽度的变化趋势相反，且直通端渐变波导(2)、串通端渐变波导(3)之间具有间隔(4)，合束端(1)与直通端渐变波导(2)的一端连接，直通端渐变波导(2)的另一端与弯曲波导(5)的一端连接，弯曲波导(5)另一端与横电模TE端(6)连接，串通端渐变波导(3)与横磁模TM端(7)连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述宽带偏振分/合束器作为分束器使用时，光从合束端(1)入射，TE模的光从横电模TE端(6)出射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端(6)出射。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述宽带偏振分/合束器作为合束器使用时，TE模的光从横电模TE端(6)入射，TM模的光从横磁模TM端(7)入射，两种偏振态合束后的光从合束端(1)出射。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述直通端渐变波导(2)的宽度由宽变窄，串通端渐变波导(3)的宽度由窄变宽。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述直通端渐变波导(2)的宽度由【0.5，1】μm变窄至【0.3，0.45】μm，串通端渐变波导(3)的宽度由【0.3， 0.45】μm变宽至【0.5，1】μm，直通端渐变波导(2)与串通端渐变波导(3)之间有一定间隔。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述直通端渐变波导(2)的宽度由【0.6，0.9】μm变窄至【0.35，0.45】μm，串通端渐变波导(3)的宽度由【0.35，0.45】μm变宽至【0.6，0.9】μm，直通端渐变波导(2)与串通端渐变波导(3)之间有一定间隔。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述直通端渐变波导(2)的宽度由窄变宽，串通端渐变波导(3)的宽度由宽变窄。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述直通端渐变波导(2)的宽度由【0.3，0.45】μm变宽至【0.5，1】μm，串通端渐变波导(3)的宽度由【0.5，1】μm变窄至【0.3，0.45】μm，直通端渐变波导(2)与串通端渐变波导(3)之间有一定间隔。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的基于渐变波导方向耦合器的宽带偏振分/合束器，其特征在于：所述直通端渐变波导(2)的宽度由【0.35，0.45】μm变宽至【0.6，0.9】μm，串通端渐变波导(3)的宽度由【0.6，0.9】μm变窄至【0.35，0.45】μm，直通端渐变波导(2)与串通端渐变波导(3)之间有一定间隔。
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