WO2017100635A1 - Composite steel - Google Patents

Composite steel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017100635A1
WO2017100635A1 PCT/US2016/065915 US2016065915W WO2017100635A1 WO 2017100635 A1 WO2017100635 A1 WO 2017100635A1 US 2016065915 W US2016065915 W US 2016065915W WO 2017100635 A1 WO2017100635 A1 WO 2017100635A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steel
spacer
composite
composite steel
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2016/065915
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert James COMSTOCK
Jeffrey Douglas ALDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cleveland Cliffs Steel Properties Inc
Original Assignee
AK Steel Properties Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to AU2016366439A priority Critical patent/AU2016366439A1/en
Priority to CN201680072245.2A priority patent/CN108367538A/zh
Priority to CA3005364A priority patent/CA3005364A1/en
Priority to MX2018007073A priority patent/MX2018007073A/es
Priority to JP2018530590A priority patent/JP2018536564A/ja
Priority to EP16828815.7A priority patent/EP3386746A1/en
Priority to KR1020187019728A priority patent/KR20180094025A/ko
Priority to BR112018010522A priority patent/BR112018010522A2/pt
Application filed by AK Steel Properties Inc filed Critical AK Steel Properties Inc
Publication of WO2017100635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017100635A1/en
Priority to CONC2018/0005214A priority patent/CO2018005214A2/es
Priority to PH12018501240A priority patent/PH12018501240A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00 relating to soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/16—Composite materials
    • B23K2103/166—Multilayered materials
    • B23K2103/172—Multilayered materials wherein at least one of the layers is non-metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic materials
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics other than composite materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic materials other than metals or composite materials
    • B23K2103/54—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/542—Shear strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium

Definitions

  • High strength steels are typically used in the automotive industry for vehicle structural parts.
  • increasing the strength of the steel has allowed the gauge of the steel to be reduced to provide for weight savings of the material.
  • Such gauge reduction in the automotive structural parts may sacrifice the stiffness of the material.
  • a composite steel sheet comprises two or more sheets steel that may be separated with at least one spacer.
  • Spacer materials can include lighter weight metals, or a polymer or resin, with or without a filler that can include carbon fiber, glass fiber, or Kevlar material.
  • Such a composite steel sheet can yield a higher stiffness than a mono-sheet (or single layer) of steel having the same. For instance, on bending, low strains can occur at sheet mid- thickness, or a neutral axis. Moving the steel material away from the neutral axis with the spacer can increase the strain on bending to provide a high strength composite steel that maintains stiffness while also providing the desired weight savings. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
  • Fig. 1 depicts a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a composite steel.
  • Fig.2 depicts a top perspective view of a rail formed from a mono-sheet of steel.
  • Fig. 3a depicts a partial cross-sectional view of the rail of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 3b depicts a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rail formed from a composite steel.
  • Fig. 4 shows a bending load-displacement curve for a steel strip with a thickness of 0.059 inches, a steel strip with a thickness of 0.079 inches, and a polymer composite steel strip.
  • Fig. 5 shows a bending load-displacement curve for a steel strip with a thickness of 0.079 inches, a polymer composite steel strip, and a carbon fiber composite steel strip.
  • a composite steel comprises at least one spacer separating two or more outer steel layers.
  • Such a composite steel can maintain the high strength and stiffness of a mono-steel, while also providing desirable weight savings.
  • One embodiment of a composite steel sheet (10) is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the outer steel layers (22) are separated by a bonded spacer (20) that provides good shear strength between the steel and the spacer such that the outer steel layers (22) maintain strength, while the spacer (20) can have a low density to reduce weight while allowing the steel to maintain sufficient stiffness.
  • the spacer separates the outer steel layers from the neutral axis (zero strain) (A) on bending if the spacer and outer steel layers are sufficiently bonded such that sliding between the steel and spacer material does not occur on bending.
  • sheet steels of any composition may be used in this composite steel, high strength, or advanced high strength steels are most advantageous.
  • the higher tensile strengths of these steels allow the thickness of finished components to be reduced while maintaining stiffness.
  • Stainless steels, that offer corrosion resistance, may also be used in the composite.
  • the outer steel layers of the composite steel may comprise the same type of steel, or they may comprise different types of steel. Similarly, the two or more outer steel layers may each have the same thickness or they may each have a different thickness.
  • the spacer (20) can be made from any material that is lighter than the outer steel layers. It can comprise light weight metals including magnesium, aluminum, or their respective alloys. It may be made from various polymers or resins, that may further comprise carbon or glass fiber, Kevlar, etc.
  • the thickness of the spacer (20) may range between about 5% and 90% of the total thickness of the composite, including any intervals therebetween (10).
  • the separation between outer steel sheets (22) provided by the spacer (20) can increase stiffness.
  • a composite steel with a top and bottom steel thickness of 0.5 mm each, totaling 1.0 mm of steel thickness can yield higher stiffness than a mono-sheet of steel having the same total sheet thickness of 1.0 mm.
  • A neutral axis
  • Stiffness decreases as the volume of material away from the neutral axis decreases. Accordingly, moving material away from the neutral axis increases the strain on bending.
  • the composite steel (10) may be prepared by interleaving the outer steel layers (22) with the spacer material (20) such that there is a spacer between each two outer steel layers.
  • the outer steel layers (22) may be bonded to the inner spacer material (20).
  • Such bonding may be formed by applying a wide variety of adhesive materials between the outer steel layer and the spacer material.
  • the spacer material such as a polymer or a resin, may able to bond to the outer steel layers without the use of additional adhesive material.
  • High strength bonds between the outer steel layers (22) and the inner spacing material (20) may be used to transfer bending stress to the outer steel layers (22) and maintain stiffness.
  • the composite sheet can be used to form parts for use in applications such as automotive.
  • the steel sheets (22) and the spacer (20) may be allowed to slide relative to one another during forming.
  • the adhesive if present, or the resin may not fully set until after the part is formed, allowing relative sliding between the two outer steel layers. This will keep the strain in each of the outer steel layers to a minimum during the forming process.
  • the interfacial bond between the spacer and the outer steel layers can be developed after the part forming process, for example by supplying heat, or some other curing method, to improve part stiffness. Such heating can occur during the forming process, such as by use of a heated press, or after forming in a subsequent operation, such as in a painting step or in a dedicated curing process.
  • a corrosion resistant steel layer can be provided on one surface, while a lesser expensive backing steel can be used on the opposing surface for added strength.
  • a stainless steel outer layer on one side of the composite steel and a carbon steel outer layer on the other side.
  • Increasing the stiffness with the composite steel (10) may also decrease noise due to vibration in automotive applications.
  • the performance of a composite steel sheet was compared with mono-steel sheets using a structural rail as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the mono-steel sheet, shown in Fig. 3a is a single DP600 sheet having a thickness of about 2 mm.
  • the composite steel, shown in Fig. 3b, includes two DP980 steel sheets separated by a spacer. Each DP980 steel sheet has a thickness of about 0.61 mm.
  • the tensile strength of the DP600 steel sheet is about 600 MPa.
  • the tensile load carrying capability in a 1 mm width of DP600 rail is therefore 1200 N.
  • the tensile strength of the DP980 steel sheet is about 980 MPa.
  • the tensile load carrying capability in a 1 mm width of two DP980 steel sheets is also approximately 1200 N. Accordingly, two sheets of 0.61 mm thick DP980 material are equivalent to the tensile load carrying capability over a 1 mm length of DP600 rail.
  • the thickness of the spacer determines the stiffness of the DP980 frame.
  • the stiffness increases the stiffness by moving steel away from the neutral axis, thereby requiring more elastic strain with the imposed 1 m radius of curvature. Separating the two 0.61 mm sheets by 0.82 mm yields an identical torque requirement to bend to a 1 m radius of curvature. Therefore, the spacer between the two DP980 sheets equals 0.82 mm to obtain the same stiffness as the thicker DP600 part.
  • the steel in the composite is reduced from 2 mm thick to 1.22 mm thick (2x0.61mm) thick, a 0.78 mm reduction, or about 39%. Therefore, the weight of the rail may also be decreased by about 39%.
  • the composite steel sheet was able to handle higher loads than the mono-steel sheets as shown in Fig. 4. For instance, at 0.05 inches of deflection, the composite steel sheet had a load of about 67 lbs., while the 0.079-inch-thick mono-steel sheet had a load of about 30 lbs. and the 0.059-inch-thick mono-steel sheet had a load of about 15 lbs. The composite steel showed higher stiffness at lower weight.
  • a composite steel sheet having carbon fiber was then evaluated.
  • the carbon fiber was pre-impregnated with a bonding resin.
  • the type 310 steel sheets were positioned on each side of the carbon fiber and cured at 400 deg. F. in a hydraulic press with heated platens.
  • the thickness of each steel sheet was about 0.010 inches and the composite weighed about 76 grams.
  • the improved load carrying capability of the carbon fiber composite steel, compared to those in Example 2, is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the carbon fiber composite steel was able to handle 107 lbs. at 0.05 inches of bending deflection.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
PCT/US2016/065915 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Composite steel Ceased WO2017100635A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR112018010522A BR112018010522A2 (pt) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 aço composto
CN201680072245.2A CN108367538A (zh) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 复合钢
CA3005364A CA3005364A1 (en) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Composite steel
MX2018007073A MX2018007073A (es) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Acero compuesto.
JP2018530590A JP2018536564A (ja) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 複合鋼
AU2016366439A AU2016366439A1 (en) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Composite steel
KR1020187019728A KR20180094025A (ko) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 복합강
EP16828815.7A EP3386746A1 (en) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Composite steel
CONC2018/0005214A CO2018005214A2 (es) 2015-12-11 2018-05-18 Acero compuesto, un método para fabricar dicho acero compuesto y un método para fabricar una parte formada
PH12018501240A PH12018501240A1 (en) 2015-12-11 2018-06-08 Composite steel

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