WO2017099316A1 - 엔진을 포함하는 선박 - Google Patents
엔진을 포함하는 선박 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017099316A1 WO2017099316A1 PCT/KR2016/006969 KR2016006969W WO2017099316A1 WO 2017099316 A1 WO2017099316 A1 WO 2017099316A1 KR 2016006969 W KR2016006969 W KR 2016006969W WO 2017099316 A1 WO2017099316 A1 WO 2017099316A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- boil
- heat exchanger
- self
- sent
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 281
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 38
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
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- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
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- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
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- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ship including an engine, and more particularly, liquefied liquefied natural gas using the evaporated gas remaining as the fuel of the engine and the evaporated gas itself as a refrigerant, and then returned to the storage tank. It is about a ship containing an engine, sending.
- Natural gas is usually liquefied and transported over long distances in the form of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).
- Liquefied natural gas is obtained by cooling natural gas to an extremely low temperature of about -163 ° C., and its volume is drastically reduced compared to that of gas, so it is very suitable for long distance transportation through sea.
- the boil-off gas When the pressure of the storage tank exceeds the set safety pressure due to the generation of the boil-off gas, the boil-off gas is discharged to the outside of the storage tank through the safety valve.
- the boil-off gas discharged out of the storage tank is used as fuel for the ship or liquefied and returned to the storage tank.
- engines that can use natural gas as fuel among engines used in ships generally include a DF (Dual Fuel) engine and a ME-GI engine.
- the DF engine is composed of four strokes and adopts the Otto Cycle, which injects natural gas with a relatively low pressure of about 6.5 bar into the combustion air inlet and compresses the piston as it rises.
- the ME-GI engine is composed of two strokes and employs a diesel cycle that directly injects high pressure natural gas near 300 bar into the combustion chamber near the top dead center of the piston. Recently, there has been a growing interest in ME-GI engines with better fuel efficiency and propulsion efficiency.
- the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus has a refrigeration cycle, and the boil-off gas is re-liquefied by cooling the boil-off gas by this freezing cycle.
- heat exchange with the cooling fluid is carried out, and a partial re-liquefaction system (PRS) which uses boil-off gas as a cooling fluid and heat-exchanges itself is used.
- PRS partial re-liquefaction system
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a vessel including a conventional high pressure engine.
- a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a conventional high pressure engine includes a self-heat exchanger 410 after passing the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 through the first valve 610. Send to).
- the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 heat-exchanged as the refrigerant in the self-heat exchanger 410 is a plurality of compression cylinders (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) and a plurality of coolers (310, 320, 330, 340).
- a multi-stage compression process by the multi-stage compressor 200 including 350, some are sent to the high-pressure engine to be used as fuel, and the other is sent back to the self-heat exchanger 410, from the storage tank 100 It is cooled by heat exchange with the discharged evaporated gas.
- the boil-off gas cooled by the self-heat exchanger 410 is partially liquefied through the decompression device 720, and liquefied natural gas and gaseous state re-liquefied by the gas-liquid separator 500.
- the remaining boil off gas is separated.
- the liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 is sent to the storage tank 100, and the vaporized gaseous gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 passes through the second valve 620 and the storage tank 100. It is integrated with the boil-off gas discharged from) and sent to the self-heat exchanger 410.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a vessel including a conventional low pressure engine.
- the partial reliquefaction system applied to the ship including the conventional low pressure engine is the same as the partial reliquefaction system applied to the ship including the conventional high pressure engine, and evaporated from the storage tank 100.
- the gas After passing the gas through the first valve 610, the gas is sent to the self-heat exchanger 410.
- the boil-off gas passing through the self-heat exchanger 410 is subjected to a multi-stage compression process by the multi-stage compressors 201 and 202, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. ),
- the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 100 is cooled by heat exchange with a refrigerant.
- the boil-off gas cooled by the self-heat exchanger 410 is partially liquefied through the decompression device 720 as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 1, and the gas-liquid separator
- the liquefied natural gas re-liquefied by the 500 and the evaporated gas remaining in the gaseous state is separated, the liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 is sent to the storage tank 100, the gas-liquid separator 500
- the gaseous boil-off gas separated by the gas is passed through the second valve 620 and integrated with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and sent to the self-heat exchanger 410.
- the evaporation gas passed through only a part of the multi-stage compression process is branched and sent to the generator and the engine, and all the evaporated gas passed through the multi-stage compression process is sent to the self-heat exchanger 410. Since low pressure engines require natural gas at a pressure similar to that required by the generator, the low pressure engine supplies both the low pressure engine and the generator with boil-off gas that has undergone some compression.
- the partial reliquefaction system applied to the ship including the conventional low pressure engine the cost increases as the capacity of the compressor increases, so that the capacity of the compressor is optimized according to the required amount of compression, two multistage compressors (201, 202) There was a disadvantage that maintenance is cumbersome.
- the present invention focuses on the fact that the evaporation gas having a relatively low temperature and pressure is partially diverted and sent to the generator (in the case of a low pressure engine, the generator and the engine). It is an object of the present invention to provide a ship including an engine.
- a first self-heat exchanger for heat-exchanging the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank;
- a multistage compressor for compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank and passing through the first self-heat exchanger in multiple stages;
- a first pressure reducing device that expands a portion of the boil-off gas passed through the first self-heat exchanger after being compressed by the multistage compressor;
- a second decompression device which expands another part of the boil-off gas passed through the first self-heat exchanger after being compressed by the multistage compressor;
- a second self heat exchanger configured to cool the fluid expanded by the first decompression device by exchanging a portion of the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor with a refrigerant.
- the first self heat exchanger includes: Provided is a vessel including an engine for cooling the 'other part of the boil-off gas compressed by the multistage compressor' with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank as a refrigerant.
- the boil-off gas passing through the second decompression device may be directly sent to the storage tank.
- the vessel including the engine may further include a gas-liquid separator installed at a rear end of the second decompression device to separate the liquefied liquefied gas and the gaseous evaporated gas, and the liquefied gas separated by the gas-liquid separator
- the gaseous evaporated gas separated by the gas-liquid separator may be sent to the storage tank, and may be sent to the first self-heat exchanger.
- Part of the boil-off gas passing through the multi-stage compressor may be sent to the high pressure engine.
- the boil-off gas passing through the first pressure reducing device and the second self-heat exchanger may be sent to one or more of a generator and a low pressure engine.
- the ship including the engine, the boil-off gas passed through the first decompression device and the second self-heat exchanger is the generator It may further comprise a heater, which is installed on the line to send.
- step 6) it is possible to separate the liquefied gas and the liquefied gas remaining in the gaseous state after swelling in step 5), and 7) the liquefied gas separated in step 6) can be sent to the storage tank,
- the vaporized gaseous gas separated in step 6) may be combined with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank and used as a refrigerant for heat exchange in step 2).
- step 1) a part of the boil-off gas compressed in multiple stages may be sent to the high pressure engine.
- the fluid used as the refrigerant of the heat exchanger after being expanded by the first pressure reducing device may be sent to at least one of a generator and a low pressure engine.
- the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank can be used as a refrigerant in the self-heat exchanger, so that the re-liquefaction efficiency can be increased and the low-pressure engine is included. Even if one multistage compressor is installed, maintenance is easy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a vessel including a conventional high pressure engine.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a vessel including a conventional low pressure engine.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a high pressure engine according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a low pressure engine according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a high pressure engine according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a low pressure engine according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a graph schematically showing the phase change of methane with temperature and pressure.
- the fluid flowing through each flow path may be in a gaseous state, a gas-liquid mixed state, a liquid state, or a supercritical fluid state, depending on operating conditions of the system.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a high pressure engine according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes a self-heat exchanger 410 for heat-exchanging boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100; A multi-stage compressor (200) for compressing the evaporated gas passed through the self-heat exchanger (410) in multiple stages after discharged from the storage tank (100); A first pressure reducing device 710 which expands a part of the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200; And a second decompression device 720 which expands another part of the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200.
- the self-heat exchanger 410 of the present embodiment includes the evaporated gas (a flow in FIG. 3) discharged from the storage tank 100, the evaporated gas (b flow in FIG. 3) compressed by the multistage compressor 200,
- the boil-off gas (flow c in FIG. 3) expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 is heat-exchanged. That is, the self heat exchanger 410, the evaporated gas (a flow in FIG. 3) discharged from the storage tank 100; And the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 (flow in FIG. 3) as a refrigerant, and cools the boil-off gas compressed in the multistage compressor 200 (b flow in FIG. 3).
- Self- of the self-heat exchanger means that the low-temperature evaporation gas itself is used as a cooling fluid to exchange heat with the high-temperature evaporation gas.
- the boil-off gas passing through the first decompression device 710 is used as the refrigerant for additional heat exchange in the self-heat exchanger 410, the reliquefaction efficiency can be increased.
- the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 of the present embodiment is largely operated in three ways, and is compressed to a pressure above a critical point to be used as fuel of an engine, or compressed to a relatively low pressure below a critical point and sent to a generator, or And the remaining evaporated gas after the generator meets the required amount is liquefied and returned to the storage tank (100).
- the evaporated gas expanded to be sent to the generator is lowered not only in pressure but also in temperature
- the evaporated gas expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 is sent back to the self-heat exchanger as a refrigerant for heat exchange. After use, it is sent to the generator.
- the multistage compressor 200 of this embodiment compresses the evaporated gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being discharged from the storage tank 100 in multiple stages.
- the multistage compressor 200 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of compression cylinders 210, 220, 230, 240 and 250 for compressing the boil-off gas, and a plurality of compression cylinders 210, 220, 230, 240 and 250, respectively. It is installed, and includes a plurality of coolers (310, 320, 330, 340, 350) for cooling the boil-off gas is compressed by the compression cylinder (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) and the temperature as well as the pressure is raised.
- the multistage compressor 200 includes five compression cylinders 210, 220, 230, 240, 250 and five coolers 310, 320, 330, 340, 350.
- the case where the boil-off gas passes through the compression process of five steps is described as an example, but is not limited thereto.
- methane is in a supercritical fluid state at a temperature of about ⁇ 80 ° C. or more and a pressure of about 50 bar or more. That is, in the case of methane, the critical point is approximately -80 ° C, 50 bar state.
- the supercritical fluid state is a third state different from the liquid state or the gas state.
- the critical point may vary depending on the nitrogen content of the boil-off gas.
- having a temperature lower than the critical point at a pressure above the critical point may result in a state similar to a dense supercritical fluid state unlike a general liquid state, including a fluid having a pressure above the critical point and a temperature below the critical point.
- a critical fluid in this specification, the state of the boil-off gas which has the pressure above a critical point and the temperature below a critical point is called a "high pressure liquid state.”
- a natural gas in a relatively low pressure gas state may still be in a gas state (X ′ in FIG. 7) even though the temperature and pressure are reduced, but after increasing the pressure of the gas ( It can be seen that even if Y) temperature and pressure of FIG. 7 are lowered equally, some of them may be liquefied to be in a gas-liquid mixed state (Y ′ of FIG. That is, the higher the pressure of the natural gas before the natural gas passes through the self-heat exchanger 410, the higher the liquefaction efficiency, and if the pressure can be sufficiently increased, theoretically, 100% liquefaction is also possible (Z ⁇ Z ′ in FIG. 7). It can be seen.
- the multistage compressor 200 of the present embodiment compresses the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 to re-liquefy the boil-off gas.
- the first decompression device 710 of the present embodiment expands a part of the boil-off gas (flow in FIG. 3c) passing through the self-heat exchanger 410 after the multistage compressor 200 has undergone the multi-stage compression process.
- the first pressure reducing device 710 may be an expander or an expansion valve.
- the second decompression device 720 of the present embodiment expands another part of the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after the multi-stage compressor 200 undergoes a multi-stage compression process.
- the second pressure reducing device 720 may be an expander or an expansion valve.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment separates the liquefied natural gas and the boil-off gas remaining in the gas state by passing through the self-heat exchanger 410 and being cooled by the second decompression device 720 and partially reliquefied.
- the liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be sent to the storage tank 100, and the vaporized gaseous gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be transferred from the storage tank 100 to the self-heat exchanger 410. Can be sent on the line where the evaporated gas is sent.
- the ship including the engine of the present embodiment, the first valve 610 for blocking the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 if necessary; And a heater 800 for increasing the temperature of the boil-off gas (c flow in FIG. 3) sent to the generator after passing through the first pressure reducing device 710 and the self-heat exchanger 410. It may further comprise one or more of.
- the first valve 610 may be normally maintained in an open state, and may be closed when necessary for management and maintenance work of the storage tank 100.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes the gas-liquid separator 500
- the vessel containing the engine of the present embodiment the gas is separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 and sent to the self-heat exchanger 410 It may further include a second valve 620 for adjusting the flow rate of the boil-off gas in a state.
- the flow of the fluid in this embodiment is as follows.
- the temperature and pressure of the boil-off gas to be described below are approximate theoretical values, and may vary according to the temperature of the boil-off gas, the required pressure of the engine, the design method of the multistage compressor, the speed of the ship, and the like.
- the evaporation gas of about -130 to -80 ° C discharged from the storage tank 100 is mixed with the approximately -160 to -110 ° C, atmospheric pressure of the evaporation gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500, and is approximately -140 to- At 100 ° C., atmospheric pressure may be sent to the self-heat exchanger 410.
- the evaporated gas (a flow in FIG. 3) sent from the storage tank 100 to the self-heat exchanger 410 is approximately 40 to 50 ° C. and 150 to 400 bar of the evaporated gas passed through the multistage compressor 200 (FIG. 3). b flow); And about -140 to -110 ° C and 6 to 10 bar of boil-off gas (c flow in FIG. 3) passing through the first decompression device 710, and may be in a state of about -90 to 40 ° C and atmospheric pressure. have.
- the boil-off gas (a flow in FIG. 3) discharged from the storage tank 100 is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 together with the boil-off gas (flow in FIG. 3 c) passing through the first decompression device 710. After that, it is used as a refrigerant to cool the boil-off gas (b flow in FIG. 3) sent to the self-heat exchanger 410.
- the evaporated gas which has passed from the storage tank 100 and passed through the self-heat exchanger 410, is compressed in multiple stages by the multistage compressor 200.
- the multi-stage compressor 200 since a part of the boil-off gas passing through the multi-stage compressor 200 is used as the fuel of the high-pressure engine, the multi-stage compressor 200 compresses the boil-off gas to the pressure required by the high-pressure engine.
- the high pressure engine is a ME-GI engine
- the boil-off gas that has passed through the multistage compressor 200 is in a state of approximately 40 to 50 ° C. and 150 to 400 bar.
- the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200 to a pressure above a critical point through a multi-stage compression process is partially used as fuel in a high-pressure engine, and the other part is sent to the self-heat exchanger 410.
- the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multistage compressor 200 may be approximately ⁇ 130 to ⁇ 90 ° C. and 150 to 400 bar.
- the boil-off gas (flow b in FIG. 3) passing through the self-heat exchanger 410 is branched into two streams, one of which is expanded by the first decompression device 710, The other flow is expanded by the second pressure reducing device 720.
- the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 (flow c in FIG. 3) is sent to the self-heat exchanger 410 again, and passes through the multi-stage compressor 200. It is heat-exchanged as a refrigerant for cooling the boil-off gas (flow b in FIG. 3) and then sent to a generator.
- the boil-off gas expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 after passing through the self-heat exchanger 410 may be approximately ⁇ 140 to ⁇ 110 ° C. and 6 to 10 bar. Since the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 is sent to the generator, it is expanded to approximately 6 to 10 bar, which is the required pressure of the generator. In addition, the boil-off gas passing through the first decompression device 710 may be a gas-liquid mixed state.
- the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 may be approximately ⁇ 90 to 40 ° C. and 6 to 10 bar, and may have passed through the first pressure reducing device 710.
- the boil-off gas may take the cold heat from the self-heat exchanger 410 and become a gas state.
- the evaporated gas sent to the generator may be adjusted to a temperature required by the generator by the heater 800 installed in front of the generator.
- the boil-off gas passing through the heater 800 may be in a gaseous state of about 40 to 50 ° C. and 6 to 10 bar.
- the boil-off gas expanded by the second decompression device 720 may be approximately ⁇ 140 to ⁇ 110 ° C. and 2 to 10 bar.
- a part of the boil-off gas passing through the second decompression device 720 is liquefied. Partial liquefied evaporated gas passing through the second decompression device 720 may be directly sent to the storage tank 100 in a gas-liquid mixed state, or may be sent to the gas-liquid separator 500 to separate the liquid phase and the gas phase.
- the liquefied natural gas of about -163 °C, atmospheric pressure separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 is sent to the storage tank 100, gas-liquid separator 500
- the vaporized gaseous gas of about -160 to -110 ° C and atmospheric pressure separated by the gas is sent to the self-heat exchanger 410 together with the boiled gas discharged from the storage tank 100.
- the boil-off gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 and sent to the self-heat exchanger 410 may have a flow rate controlled by the second valve 620.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a low pressure engine according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the distinction between the high pressure engine included in the vessel to which the partial reliquefaction system shown in FIG. 3 is applied and the low pressure engine included in the vessel to which the partial reliquefaction system shown in FIG. It depends on whether the engine uses fuel. That is, an engine using natural gas with a pressure above the critical point as a fuel is called a high pressure engine, and an engine using natural gas with a pressure below the critical point as a fuel is called a low pressure engine. The same applies to the following.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes a self-heat exchanger 410, a multistage compressor 200, and a first pressure reducing device 710, similarly to the case of including the high-pressure engine illustrated in FIG. 3. , And a second decompression device 720.
- the self-heat exchanger 410 of the present embodiment as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in Figure 3, to the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 (a flow in FIG. 4) and the multistage compressor 200 Heat exchanges the compressed boil-off gas (b flow in FIG. 4) and the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 (flow in FIG. 4). That is, the self heat exchanger 410, the evaporation gas (a flow in FIG. 4) discharged from the storage tank 100; And the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 (flow in FIG. 4) as a refrigerant, to cool the boil-off gas compressed in the multistage compressor 200 (b flow in FIG. 4).
- the multistage compressor 200 of the present embodiment similar to the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG.
- the multistage compressor 200 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of compression cylinders 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, and a plurality of coolers 310, 320, similarly to the case of including the high-pressure engine illustrated in FIG. 3. 330, 340, 350.
- the first pressure reducing device 710 of the present embodiment undergoes a multi-stage compression process by the multistage compressor 200 and then passes through the self-heat exchanger 410. Expand a portion of the gas (c flow in FIG. 4).
- the first pressure reducing device 710 may be an expander or an expansion valve.
- the second decompression device 720 of the present embodiment undergoes a multi-stage compression process by the multistage compressor 200 and then passes through the self-heat exchanger 410. Inflate another portion of the gas.
- the second pressure reducing device 720 may be an expander or an expansion valve.
- the vessel including the engine of this embodiment is cooled by passing through the self-heat exchanger 410 and expanded by the second pressure reducing device 720 to partially reliquefy.
- the gas-liquid separator 500 may further include a liquefied natural gas and a boil-off gas remaining in a gaseous state.
- the liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be sent to the storage tank 100, and the vaporized gaseous gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be transferred from the storage tank 100 to the self-heat exchanger 410. Can be sent on the line where the evaporated gas is sent.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in Figure 3, the first valve 610 to block the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 if necessary; And a heater 800 that increases the temperature of the boil-off gas (flow in FIG. 4 c) sent to the generator after passing through the first pressure reducing device 710 and the self-heat exchanger 410. It may further comprise one or more of.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes a gas-liquid separator 500
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment the gas-liquid separator 500, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. It may further include a second valve 620 for controlling the flow rate of the gaseous evaporated gas is separated by the sent to the self-heat exchanger (410).
- the flow of the fluid in this embodiment is as follows.
- the evaporation gas of about -130 to -80 ° C discharged from the storage tank 100 is about -160 to -110 ° C separated by the gas-liquid separator 500, as in the case of including the high pressure engine shown in FIG. And, it is mixed with the evaporation gas of atmospheric pressure, it is approximately -140 to -100 °C, it can be sent to the self-heat exchanger 410 in the normal pressure state.
- the evaporated gas (a flow in FIG. 4) sent from the storage tank 100 to the self-heat exchanger 410 is approximately 40 to 50 ° C. and 100 to 300 bar of the evaporated gas (through FIG. 4) which has passed through the multi-stage compressor 200. b flow); And about -140 to -110 ° C and 6 to 20 bar of boil-off gas (flow of c in FIG. 4) passing through the first decompression device 710, and may be approximately -90 to 40 ° C and atmospheric pressure. have.
- the evaporated gas (a flow of FIG. 4) discharged from the storage tank 100 is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 together with the evaporated gas (c flow of FIG. 4) passing through the first decompression device 710. After that, it is used as a refrigerant for cooling the boil-off gas (b flow in FIG. 4) sent to the self-heat exchanger 410.
- the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and then passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 is compressed in multiple stages by the multistage compressor 200 as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG.
- the ship including the low pressure engine of the present embodiment includes one multistage compressor, which has an advantage of easy maintenance and repair.
- the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200 to the pressure above the critical point through the multi-stage compression process is not partly sent to the engine, and all the self Sent to heat exchanger 410.
- the engine since a part of the boil-off gas passing through the multistage compressor 200 is not directly sent to the engine, the engine is required by the multistage compressor 200. It is not necessary to compress the boil-off gas to a pressure. However, for reliquefaction efficiency, it is preferable to compress the boil-off gas to a pressure above the critical point by the multistage compressor 200, and more preferably to 100 bar or more.
- the boil-off gas passed through the multi-stage compressor 200 may be in a state of about 40 to 50 ° C. and 100 to 300 bar.
- the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multistage compressor 200 may be approximately -130 to -90 ° C and 100 to 300 bar.
- the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 (flow c of FIG. 4) is again subjected to the self-heat exchanger as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 410 is exchanged as a refrigerant for cooling the evaporated gas (b flow in FIG. 4) that has passed through the multi-stage compressor 200.
- the boil-off gas that is expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 and then heat-exchanged in the self-heat exchanger 410 is not only a generator but also a low pressure engine. Can be sent.
- the boil-off gas expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 may be approximately ⁇ 140 to ⁇ 110 ° C. and 6 to 20 bar. However, when the low pressure engine is a gas turbine, the boil-off gas expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 after passing through the self-heat exchanger 410 may be approximately 55 bar.
- the boil-off gas expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 is sent to the low pressure engine and / or the generator, it is expanded to the required pressure of the low pressure engine and / or the generator.
- the boil-off gas passing through the first decompression device 710 may be in a gas-liquid mixed state.
- the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 may be approximately ⁇ 90 to 40 ° C. and 6 to 20 bar, and may have passed through the first pressure reducing device 710.
- the boil-off gas may take the cold heat from the self-heat exchanger 410 and become a gas state.
- the boil-off gas passed through the self-heat exchanger 410 after being expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 may be approximately 55 bar.
- the boil-off gas sent to the low pressure engine and / or the generator is connected to the heater 800, as in the case of including the high pressure engine shown in FIG. Can be adjusted to the temperature required by the generator.
- the boil-off gas passing through the heater 800 may be in a gaseous state of about 40 to 50 ° C. and 6 to 20 bar. However, when the low pressure engine is a gas turbine, the boil-off gas passing through the heater 800 may be approximately 55 bar.
- the generator requires a pressure of approximately 6 to 10 bar and the low pressure engine requires a pressure of approximately 6 to 20 bar.
- the low pressure engine may be a DF engine, an X-DF engine, or a gas turbine. However, if the low pressure engine is a gas turbine, the gas turbine requires a pressure of approximately 55 bar.
- the boil-off gas expanded by the second pressure reducing device 720 is approximately -140 to -110 ° C, 2 to 10, similarly to the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. may be bar.
- a part of the boil-off gas passing through the second decompression device 720 is liquefied as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 3.
- Part of the liquefied evaporated gas passing through the second decompression device 720 may be sent directly to the storage tank 100 in a gas-liquid mixed state as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 3, and the gas-liquid separator 500. May be separated into liquid and gas phases.
- the boil-off gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 and sent to the self-heat exchanger 410 may have a flow rate controlled by the second valve 620.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a high pressure engine according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the partial reliquefaction system applied to the ship including the high pressure engine of the present embodiment in comparison with the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the self-heat exchanger 410 heats two fluids instead of three flows.
- the self-heat exchanger 410 includes one more heat exchanger 420 for heat-exchanging the fluids of the two flows, and the following description will focus on the differences. Detailed description of the same members as those of the ship including the high pressure engine described above will be omitted.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment like the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, has a self-heat exchanger 410, a multistage compressor 200, a first pressure reducing device 710, and A second decompression device 720 is included.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment unlike the first embodiment shown in Figure 3, the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200 and the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 It further comprises a self-heat exchanger 420 for heat exchange.
- a self-heat exchanger for heat-exchanging the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and the boil-off gas compressed by the multistage compressor 200 will be referred to as a first self-heat exchanger 410 and compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200.
- the self-heat exchanger for exchanging the boil-off gas and the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 is called a second self-heat exchanger 420.
- the first self heat exchanger 410 of the present embodiment is different from the self heat exchanger 410 of the first embodiment in which three flows are heat-exchanged, and the two flows are heat-exchanged, and the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 100.
- the refrigerant is cooled by heat-exchanging the evaporated gas (L1) passing through the multi-stage compressor (200).
- the efficiency of heat exchange may be reduced. According to the ship including the engine of the present embodiment, only the heat exchanger in which the two flows of heat are exchanged may be used. Since the system is configured to achieve almost the same purpose as in the first embodiment, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved compared to the first embodiment while achieving almost the same purpose as the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3.
- Multi-stage compressor 200 of the present embodiment after the discharge from the storage tank 100 to pass through the first self-heat exchanger 410 to compress the multi-stage, It may include a plurality of compression cylinders (210, 220, 230, 240, 250) and a plurality of coolers (310, 320, 330, 340, 350).
- the first decompression device 710 of the present embodiment like the first embodiment shown in Figure 3, after the multi-stage compression process by the multi-stage compressor 200 passes through the first self-heat exchanger 410 Inflate a portion of the gas. However, unlike the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the first pressure reducing device 710 of the present embodiment sends the expanded boil-off gas to the second self-heat exchanger 420.
- the evaporation gas expanded by the first decompression device 710 is utilized by utilizing the fact that the evaporation gas expanded to be sent to the generator is lowered not only in pressure but also in temperature.
- the gas is sent to the second self-heat exchanger 420 to be used as a refrigerant for heat exchange, and then sent to the generator.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment transfers the boil-off gas passed through the first pressure reducing device 710 to the second self-heat exchanger. Since the 420 is used as a refrigerant for additional heat exchange, re-liquefaction efficiency can be improved.
- the second self heat exchanger 420 of the present embodiment is installed in parallel with the first self heat exchanger 410, and is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 to be sent to the first self heat exchanger 410 (
- the partially branched boil-off gas L2 of L1) is cooled by heat-exchanging the fluid having passed through the first pressure reducing device 710 with a refrigerant.
- the second pressure reducing device 720 of the present embodiment is another part of the boil-off gas passed through the first self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multistage compressor 200. Inflate. Some or all of the fluids that have undergone compression by the multi-stage compressor 200, cooled by the first self-heat exchanger 410 or the second self-heat exchanger 420, and expanded by the second decompression device 720 Reliquefy.
- the first pressure reducing device 710 and the second pressure reducing device 720 may be an expander or an expansion valve.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment may further include a gas-liquid separator 500 for separating the partially reliquefied liquefied natural gas passing through the second decompression device 720 and the boil-off gas remaining in the gas state.
- the liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be sent to the storage tank 100, and the vaporized gaseous gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be transferred from the storage tank 100 to the first self-heat exchanger. 410 may be sent on a line through which the boil-off gas is sent.
- the fluid passing through the second decompression device 720 and partially or completely reliquefied may be sent directly to the storage tank (100).
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes a first valve 610 for controlling the flow rate and opening and closing of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 when necessary;
- a third valve installed upstream of the first self-heat exchanger 410 to control the flow rate and opening / closing of the boil-off gas L1 that is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 and then sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410 ( 630);
- a fourth valve installed upstream of the second self heat exchanger 420 to control the flow rate and opening and closing of the boil-off gas L2 that is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 and then sent to the second self heat exchanger 420.
- 640 may further comprise one or more of.
- the first valve 610 may be normally maintained in an open state, and may be closed when necessary for management and maintenance work of the storage tank 100.
- the ship including the engine of the present embodiment after passing through the first pressure reducing device 710 and the second self-heat exchanger 420 further includes a heater 800 for increasing the temperature of the boil-off gas sent to the generator. Can be.
- the ship including the engine of the present embodiment includes the gas-liquid separator 500
- the ship including the engine of the present embodiment is separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 and sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410
- It may further include a second valve 620 for adjusting the flow rate of the boil-off gas in a state.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes the gas-liquid separator 500 and the heater 800, the flow of the fluid will be described as follows.
- the boil-off gas generated inside the storage tank 100 by heat intrusion from the outside is discharged when the pressure is higher than a predetermined pressure, mixed with the boil-off gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500, and then the first self-heat exchanger 410. Is sent).
- the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410 is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 and then cooled by heat-exchanging the boil-off gas supplied to the first self-heat exchanger 410. Used as a refrigerant.
- the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and then passed through the first self-heat exchanger 410 is sent to the multistage compressor 200 to be compressed to a pressure required or higher by a high pressure engine through a multistage compression process.
- the boil-off gas is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 to a pressure higher than that required by the high-pressure engine, the efficiency of heat exchange in the first self heat exchanger 410 and the second self heat exchanger 420 is increased.
- a pressure reducing device (not shown) is installed in front of the high pressure engine to reduce the pressure required by the high pressure engine, and then supply the boil-off gas to the high pressure engine.
- the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200 is partially sent to the high pressure engine, the other part L1 is sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410, and the other part L2 branches to the second self. Sent to heat exchanger 420.
- the boil-off gas sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200 is a flow in which the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and the boil-off gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 are joined. After heat exchanged with the refrigerant to cool, it is joined with the fluid (L2) passed through the multi-stage compressor (200) and the second self-heat exchanger (420).
- the evaporated gas compressed by the multistage compressor 200 and then sent to the second self-heat exchanger 420 is cooled by heat-exchanging the fluid expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 with a refrigerant, and then the multistage compressor 200. And the fluid L1 passed through the first self-heat exchanger 410.
- the flow in which the fluid cooled by the first self-heat exchanger 410 and the fluid cooled by the second self-heat exchanger 420 is combined is partially sent to the first decompression device 710, and the other is 2 is sent to a decompression device 720.
- the fluid which has been cooled by the first self-heat exchanger 410 or the second self-heat exchanger 420 and then sent to the first pressure reducing device 710, is supplied to the pressure required by the low pressure engine by the first pressure reducing device 710.
- the fluid may be depressurized, and the fluid decompressed by the first decompression device 710 to lower the pressure as well as the temperature is sent to the second self-heat exchanger 420 to cool the boil-off gas compressed by the multistage compressor 200.
- Used as The fluid passing through the first pressure reducing device 710 and the second self-heat exchanger 420 is heated by the heater 800 to a temperature required by the generator and then sent to the generator.
- the fluid which is cooled by the first self-heat exchanger 410 or the second self-heat exchanger 420 and then sent to the second pressure reducing device 720 is expanded by the second pressure reducing device 720 to partially reliquefy. It is then sent to the gas-liquid separator 500.
- the fluid sent to the gas-liquid separator 500 separates the liquefied natural gas partially reliquefied by the gas-liquid separator 500 and the evaporated gas remaining in the gas state, thereby separating the liquefied liquid.
- Natural gas is sent to the storage tank 100, and the separated boil-off gas is combined with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a partial reliquefaction system applied to a ship including a low pressure engine according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes a first self heat exchanger 410, a second self heat exchanger 420, and a multistage compressor, similarly to the case of including the high pressure engine illustrated in FIG. 5. 200, a first pressure reducing device 710, and a second pressure reducing device 720.
- the first self-heat exchanger 410 of the present embodiment is configured such that the two flows are heat-exchanged, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 5, and the multi-stage of the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 100 as a refrigerant.
- the boil-off gas L1 passed through the compressor 200 is cooled by heat exchange.
- the multi-stage compressor 200 is compressed from the evaporated gas passed through the first self-heat exchanger 410 after being discharged from the storage tank 100. And a plurality of compression cylinders 210, 220, 230, 240, and 250 and a plurality of coolers 310, 320, 330, 340, and 350.
- the first pressure reducing device 710 of the present embodiment passes through the first self-heat exchanger 410 after undergoing a multi-stage compression process by the multistage compressor 200. Inflate a portion of one boil-off gas. Fluid expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710 is sent to the second self-heat exchanger (420).
- the evaporated gas is sent to the second self-heat exchanger 420 to be used as a refrigerant for heat exchange, and then sent to the generator.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment sends the evaporated gas passed through the first decompression device 710 to the second. Since the self-heat exchanger 420 is used as a refrigerant for additional heat exchange, re-liquefaction efficiency can be improved.
- the second self heat exchanger 420 of the present embodiment is installed in parallel with the first self heat exchanger 410 and compressed by the multistage compressor 200, similarly to the case of including the high pressure engine shown in FIG.
- Partially branched boil-off gas L2 of the boil-off gas L1 sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410 is cooled by heat-exchanging the fluid passing through the first pressure reducing device 710 with a refrigerant.
- the second decompression device 720 passes through the first self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multistage compressor 200. Inflate another part. Some or all of the fluids that have undergone compression by the multi-stage compressor 200, cooled by the first self-heat exchanger 410 or the second self-heat exchanger 420, and expanded by the second decompression device 720 Reliquefy.
- the first pressure reducing device 710 and the second pressure reducing device 720 may be an expander or an expansion valve.
- the vessel including the engine of this embodiment as in the case of including the high pressure engine shown in FIG. 5, partially reliquefied liquefied natural gas that has passed through the second decompression device 720, and the evaporated gas remaining in the gaseous state. Separating, may further include a gas-liquid separator 500.
- the liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be sent to the storage tank 100, and the vaporized gaseous gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 500 may be transferred from the storage tank 100 to the first self-heat exchanger. 410 may be sent on a line through which the boil-off gas is sent.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment does not include the gas-liquid separator 500, similarly to the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 5, a part or all of the reliquefaction passes through the second pressure reducing device 720 The fluid can be sent directly to the storage tank (100).
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in Figure 5, the first valve 610 for controlling the flow rate and opening and closing of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 if necessary;
- a third valve installed upstream of the first self-heat exchanger 410 to control the flow rate and opening / closing of the boil-off gas L1 that is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 and then sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410 ( 630);
- a fourth valve installed upstream of the second self heat exchanger 420 to control the flow rate and opening and closing of the boil-off gas L2 that is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 and then sent to the second self heat exchanger 420.
- 640 may further comprise one or more of.
- the first valve 610 may be normally maintained in an open state, and may be closed when necessary for management and maintenance work of the storage tank 100.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment is passed to the generator after passing through the first pressure reducing device 710 and the second self-heat exchanger 420, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG.
- the heater 800 may further include a heater 800 to increase the temperature of the boil-off gas.
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes the gas-liquid separator 500, as in the case of including the high pressure engine shown in FIG. 5, the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment, by the gas-liquid separator 500 It may further include a second valve 620 for controlling the flow rate of the gaseous evaporated gas is separated and sent to the first self-heat exchanger (410).
- the vessel including the engine of the present embodiment includes the gas-liquid separator 500 and the heater 800, the flow of the fluid will be described as follows.
- the evaporated gas generated inside the storage tank 100 by thermal intrusion from the outside is discharged when the pressure is higher than a predetermined pressure as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 5, and separated by the gas-liquid separator 500.
- After mixing with the evaporated gas is sent to the first self-heat exchanger (410).
- the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410 is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 after the first self-heat exchange, similarly to the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 5. It is used as a refrigerant for cooling by evaporating the evaporated gas supplied to the air 410.
- the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 100 and passed through the first self-heat exchanger 410 is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 as in the case of including the high pressure engine shown in FIG. 5.
- the multistage compressor 200 compresses the boil-off gas at a pressure higher than that required by a low pressure engine or a generator in order to increase the efficiency of heat exchange in the first self heat exchanger 410 and the second self heat exchanger 420. .
- the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200 is part L1 is sent to the first self heat exchanger 410, and another part L2 is branched and sent to the second self heat exchanger 420.
- the boil-off gas sent to the first self-heat exchanger 410 after being compressed by the multi-stage compressor 200 is similar to the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 5, and the boil-off gas and the gas-liquid discharged from the storage tank 100.
- the evaporated gas separated by the separator 500 is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant to be cooled, and then joined with the fluid L2 passed through the multi-stage compressor 200 and the second self-heat exchanger 420.
- the boil-off gas which is compressed by the multistage compressor 200 and sent to the second self-heat exchanger 420, is the fluid expanded by the first pressure reducing device 710, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 5. After heat exchanged with the refrigerant and cooled, it is joined with the fluid L1 passed through the multi-stage compressor 200 and the first self-heat exchanger 410.
- the flow in which the fluid cooled by the first self-heat exchanger 410 and the fluid cooled by the second self-heat exchanger 420 merges, as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in FIG. 1 is sent to the decompression device 710, and the other part is sent to the second decompression device (720).
- the fluid may be decompressed to the pressure required by the low pressure engine by the decompression device 710, and the fluid decompressed by the first decompression device 710 to lower not only the pressure but also the temperature is sent to the second self-heat exchanger 420. It is used as a refrigerant for cooling the boil-off gas compressed by the compressor 200.
- the fluid passing through the first pressure reducing device 710 and the second self-heat exchanger 420 is heated by the heater 800 to a temperature required by the generator and then sent to the generator.
- the fluid which has been cooled by the first self-heat exchanger 410 or the second self-heat exchanger 420 and then sent to the second pressure reducing device 720, is the same as the case of including the high pressure engine shown in FIG. It is expanded by the decompression device 720 and is partially liquefied and then sent to the gas-liquid separator 500.
- the fluid sent to the gas-liquid separator 500 as in the case of including the high-pressure engine shown in Figure 5, and the liquefied natural gas partially reliquefied by the gas-liquid separator 500
- the boil-off gas remaining in a gaseous state is separated, and the separated liquefied natural gas is sent to the storage tank 100, and the separated boil-off gas is joined with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 100 to form a first self-heat exchanger ( 410).
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 열교환시키는 제1 자가열교환기;상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 후 상기 제1 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스를 다단계로 압축시키는 다단압축기;상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 후 '상기 제1 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스의 일부'를 팽창시키는 제1 감압장치;상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 후 '상기 제1 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스의 다른 일부'를 팽창시키는 제2 감압장치; 및상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 유체를 냉매로 '상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스의 일부'를 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 제2 자가열교환기;를 포함하고,상기 제1 자가열교환기는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 냉매로 하여, '상기 다단압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스의 다른 일부'를 냉각시키는, 엔진을 포함하는 선박.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 감압장치를 통과한 증발가스는 바로 상기 저장탱크로 보내지는, 엔진을 포함하는 선박.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 감압장치 후단에 설치되어 재액화된 액화가스와 기체상태의 증발가스를 분리하는 기액분리기를 더 포함하고,상기 기액분리기에 의해 분리된 액화가스는 상기 저장탱크로 보내지고,상기 기액분리기에 의해 분리된 기체상태의 증발가스는 상기 제1 자가열교환기로 보내지는, 엔진을 포함하는 선박.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 다단압축기를 통과한 증발가스의 일부는 고압 엔진으로 보내지는, 엔진을 포함하는 선박.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 감압장치 및 상기 제2 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스는 발전기 및 저압 엔진 중 하나 이상으로 보내지는, 엔진을 포함하는 선박.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 제1 감압장치 및 상기 제2 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스를 상기 발전기로 보내는 경우,상기 제1 감압장치 및 상기 제2 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스를 상기 발전기로 보내는 라인상에 설치되는, 가열기를 더 포함하는, 엔진을 포함하는 선박.
- 1) 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 다단계로 압축시키고,2) '상기 다단계로 압축한 증발가스의 일부'를 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 열교환시켜 냉각시키고,3) '상기 다단계로 압축한 증발가스의 다른 일부'를 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 유체와 열교환시켜 냉각시키고,4) 상기 2)단계에서 냉각된 유체와 상기 3)단계에서 냉각된 유체를 합류시키고,5) 상기 4)단계에서 합류된 유체의 '일부'는 상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창시킨 후 상기 3)단계에서의 열교환의 냉매로 사용하고, '다른 일부'는 팽창시켜 재액화시키는, 방법.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,6) 상기 5)단계에서 팽창된 후 일부 액화된 액화가스와, 기체상태로 남아있는 증발가스를 분리하고,7) 상기 6)단계에서 분리된 액화가스는 상기 저장탱크로 보내고, 상기 6)단계에서 분리된 기체상태의 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스와 합류시켜 상기 2)단계에서의 열교환의 냉매로 사용하는, 방법.
- 청구항 7 또는 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 1)단계에서 다단계로 압축된 증발가스의 일부를 고압 엔진으로 보내는, 방법.
- 청구항 7 또는 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 제1 감압장치에 의해 팽창된 후 열교환의 냉매로 사용된 유체는 발전기 및 저압 엔진 중 하나 이상으로 보내는, 방법.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SG11201804832TA SG11201804832TA (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | Vessel comprising engine |
JP2018528323A JP6882290B2 (ja) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | エンジンを備える船舶 |
US16/061,335 US10808996B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | Vessel comprising engine |
RU2018124786A RU2718757C2 (ru) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | Судно, содержащее двигатель |
CN201680072201.XA CN108367799B (zh) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | 包括发动机的轮船及蒸发气体再液化方法 |
DK16873182.6T DK3388325T3 (da) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | Skib med motor |
EP16873182.6A EP3388325B1 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | Vessel comprising engine |
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KR10-2015-0175094 | 2015-12-09 | ||
KR1020150175094A KR101788756B1 (ko) | 2015-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | 엔진을 포함하는 선박 |
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WO2017099316A1 true WO2017099316A1 (ko) | 2017-06-15 |
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PCT/KR2016/006969 WO2017099316A1 (ko) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-29 | 엔진을 포함하는 선박 |
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US (1) | US10808996B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP3388325B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP6882290B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101788756B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN108367799B (ko) |
DK (1) | DK3388325T3 (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2718757C2 (ko) |
SG (1) | SG11201804832TA (ko) |
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KR101613236B1 (ko) * | 2015-07-08 | 2016-04-18 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 엔진을 포함하는 선박 및 이에 적용되는 증발가스 재액화 방법 |
NL2016938B1 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-01-25 | Liqal B V | Method and system for at least partially converting methane-containing gas, in particular boil-off gas, retained in a container, to a liquid state |
JP6595143B1 (ja) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-23 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 圧縮機ユニット及び圧縮機ユニットの制御方法 |
KR102397726B1 (ko) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-05-16 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 선박의 증발가스 처리 시스템 및 방법 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3388325A1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
RU2018124786A3 (ko) | 2020-01-09 |
CN108367799A (zh) | 2018-08-03 |
KR20170068192A (ko) | 2017-06-19 |
RU2018124786A (ru) | 2020-01-09 |
DK3388325T3 (da) | 2022-10-24 |
SG11201804832TA (en) | 2018-07-30 |
US20190041125A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
JP2019501059A (ja) | 2019-01-17 |
KR101788756B1 (ko) | 2017-10-20 |
EP3388325A4 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
JP6882290B2 (ja) | 2021-06-02 |
EP3388325B1 (en) | 2022-09-07 |
US10808996B2 (en) | 2020-10-20 |
RU2718757C2 (ru) | 2020-04-14 |
CN108367799B (zh) | 2020-06-09 |
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