WO2017097606A1 - Combustion chamber having resonators - Google Patents

Combustion chamber having resonators Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017097606A1
WO2017097606A1 PCT/EP2016/078786 EP2016078786W WO2017097606A1 WO 2017097606 A1 WO2017097606 A1 WO 2017097606A1 EP 2016078786 W EP2016078786 W EP 2016078786W WO 2017097606 A1 WO2017097606 A1 WO 2017097606A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
support structure
resonator
cover plate
heat shield
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/078786
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christopher Grandt
Stefan Reich
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2017097606A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017097606A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002—Wall structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00014—Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by passive means, e.g. by Helmholtz resonators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00017—Assembling combustion chamber liners or subparts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combustion chamber with resonators.
  • Vibrations can increase. In unfavorable cases, there may be a swirling interaction between thermal and acoustic disturbances. This can result in both high mechanical loads of the combustion chamber, as well as increasing emissions.
  • Helmholtz resonators are used for damping, which dampen the amplitude of vibrations of certain frequencies.
  • the damping effect is enhanced by an increase in the number of resonators or by an increase in the effective area.
  • the increase in the number of resonators or their magnification has the disadvantage of an increased demand for construction volume, which is not always available.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a combustion chamber equipzustel ⁇ len, which enables space-saving as possible use of resonators.
  • the invention solves this problem by providing that in a generic combustion chamber with a support structure and a heat shield, which is formed by a plurality of heat shield elements, which are arranged on the support structure with fastening means, so that the heat shield lining the burner chamber and the support structure in operation protects against hot gases, a resonator is also arranged independently of heat shield elements with fastening means for heat shield elements on the support structure. Due to the design of a new burner concept in a Brenn ⁇ chamber, a free space between the support structure of the combustion chamber and the new burners can result.
  • At least a burner protrudes into the combustion chamber with a burner output, which is the part of the burner, which projects into the combustion chamber furthest, wherein the resonator is arranged in a region of the combustion chamber, which in relation to a main ⁇ flow direction is arranged in the combustion chamber upstream of the burner outlet.
  • the resonator could be arranged elsewhere in the combustion chamber in order to specifically dampen frequencies there, the arrangement upstream on the burner outlet is advantageous, since cooling is the least problematic here.
  • the resonator would be closer to the burner flame and would, if necessary Staer ⁇ ker be cooled, at least stronger than the heat shield elements ⁇ at this point, the structure is optimized for their function. This does not preclude use of a resonator at such location, but generally.
  • the resonator has a cover plate with resonator openings and adjoining the cover plate and in the installed state extending from the cover plate in the direction of the support structure Randab ⁇ sections, which rest on their facing away from the cover plate end faces on the support structure.
  • Another plate opposite the cover plate, which adjoins the edge sections in the region of the support structure, is possible, but not necessary. It is only important that a resonator volume is formed. If no further plate is provided, the support structure is part of the resonator. It is desirable if the edge portions of the supporting structural ⁇ structure are connectable. Alternatively, the support structure can also be clamped by fastening the cover plate to the support structure between the cover plate and the support structure.
  • edge portions it is advantageous if at least two are formed opposite ⁇ located edge portions for engagement of fastening mittein, as may be the case with Hitzeschildele ⁇ elements, so that the same fastening means are used can.
  • the cover plate is releasably connected to the edge portions. This allows a great deal of flexibility with regard to the adaptability of the resonator with minimal material expenditure.
  • the cover plate is permanently connected to the edge portions.
  • An advantageous alternative to the interventions in the edge ⁇ sections is a cover plate with a mounting opening for releasably securing the resonator directly to the support structure.
  • the attachment opening is arranged centrally in the cover plate, wherein the cover plate with the support ⁇ structure is screwed.
  • the cover plate would then be braced against the edge sections, for example, with a disk spring packet located in the support structure.
  • outer dimensions of the resonator correspond at least in one direction to those of a heat shield element, wherein this one direction lies in a plane with the main combustion chamber axis. This makes sense, since at least in this one Rich ⁇ tion of the resonator connects to heat shield elements and forms a substantially closed surface with these, so that the support structure is protected from the hot gases.
  • the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber In a direction perpendicular thereto, the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, such a match with the dimensions of the heat shield elements is less necessary.
  • the resonators In the circumferential direction, the resonators are simply arranged next to each other, so that irrespective of its dimensions, in turn, a up to small column closed area results (The dimensions should of course be chosen such that over the circumference of a quasi-closed surface ent ⁇ stands).
  • the resonator comprises internals for reducing the resonator volume, since neither edge sections nor cover plate have to be modified in these volume adjustments.
  • the resonator volume and the neck length can be designed as desired for each resonator.
  • the cooling air supply and flushing of the resonator can be effected by the support structure.
  • Such an air supply already exists, for cooling the heat shield elements.
  • the great advantage of the combustion chamber according to the invention lies in the variable adjustment of the resonator properties and the possibility of combining resonators.
  • the machine can be adjusted specifically by installing specially tuned resonators. It can thus be a very accurate and xible adjustment of the attenuation of different frequencies are made.
  • FIG. 1 shows an installation situation of a new burner concept in an annular combustion chamber and resulting space for resonators
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through a combustion chamber with resonator
  • FIG. 3 shows a view of resonators arranged side by side in the combustion chamber
  • FIG. 4 shows edge sections forming a frame with interventions for holding the resonator
  • Figure 5 shows a cover plate with central mounting hole
  • FIG. 6 shows a frame forming edge portions.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically and by way of example a combustion chamber 1 in section with burners 7, which have a different geometry compared to the originally installed burners and, in particular, protrude further into the combustion chamber 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically and by way of example a combustion chamber 1 in section with burners 7, which have a different geometry compared to the originally installed burners and, in particular, protrude further into the combustion chamber 1.
  • one (the second) of several rows of heat Shield elements 4 are shown, which are attached to the support structure 2 of the combustion chamber 1 with fastening means 5 and form a heat shield 3.
  • the first of these rows of heat shield elements is now omitted in the example of FIG. 1 due to the changed burner dimensions, so that a space 21 is available for the installation of resonators.
  • Resonato ⁇ ren. 6 These are attached with the same Befest Trentsmit ⁇ stuffs 5 of the supporting structure 2 of the burner chamber 1, as the heat shield elements 4, ie they are directly clamped by these fastening means 5 on the supporting structure 2 buildin ⁇ Untitled and not between heat shield elements. 4
  • the resonators 6 are arranged in the region of the combustion chamber 1, which is located upstream of the burner exits 8 in the combustion chamber 1 relative to a main flow direction 9. Cooling air ⁇ supply and flushing 18 of the resonators 6 as the cooling for the heat shield elements 4 via the support structure 2.
  • the resonators 6 each comprise a cover plate 10 with
  • Edge portions 12 extend from the cover plate 10 in the direction of the support structure 2. The end faces 13 of the edge sections 12 rest on the support structure 2.
  • Figure 3 shows a view from the side by side in the Brennkam- mer 1 resonators arranged 6. Between the resonators 6 are expansion column 19, in which fastening means 5 are recognizable ⁇ bar.
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which these edge sections 12 form a frame into which the cover plate 10 can be inserted.
  • the figure 4 also shows recesses 14 in the edge portions 12, in the fastening means 5 for the resonators 6 engage in the installed state of the resonators 6.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a Resona- tors 6, in which the edge portions 12 form a frame which has self-fastening openings 20 for securing the frame to the support structure 2 and in which the einméde in a frame cover plate 10 has a central mounting ⁇ opening 15 shows.
  • the extent of the resonator 6 corresponds to that of a heat shield element 4, at least in the direction which lies in one plane with the main combustion chamber axis 16.
  • the length of the re ⁇ sonator 6 in the circumferential direction and its thickness (ie height of the edge portions 12), however, can be largely freely chosen. It is also possible, through fixtures 17 the
  • FIG. 7 shows a simple example of installations 17.

Abstract

The invention relates to a combustion chamber (1) having a carrier structure (2) and a heat shield (3) which is formed by a plurality of heat shield elements (4) arranged on the carrier structure (2) with the aid of securing means (5), such that said heat shield (3) lines the combustion chamber (1) and protects the carrier structure (2) from hot gases when in operation. A resonator (6) is arranged on the carrier structure (2) likewise with the aid of securing means (5) for heat shield elements (4), but independently of the heat shield elements (4).

Description

Beschreibung description
Brennkammer mit Resonatoren Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkammer mit Resonatoren. The invention relates to a combustion chamber with resonators.
Zur Verringerung von Schadstoffemissionen wird in modernen Gasturbinen der Kühlmassenstrom verringert. Dadurch wird auch die akustische Dämpfung verringert und thermoakustische In order to reduce pollutant emissions, the cooling mass flow is reduced in modern gas turbines. This also reduces the acoustic attenuation and thermoacoustic
Schwingungen können zunehmen. Es kann im ungünstigen Fall zu einer sich aufschaukelnden Wechselwirkung zwischen thermischen und akustischen Störungen kommen. Daraus können sowohl hohe mechanische Belastungen der Brennkammer, als auch steigende Emissionen resultieren. Vibrations can increase. In unfavorable cases, there may be a swirling interaction between thermal and acoustic disturbances. This can result in both high mechanical loads of the combustion chamber, as well as increasing emissions.
Zur Verringerung von thermoakustischen Schwingungen werden deshalb z.B. Helmholtz-Resonatoren zur Dämpfung eingesetzt, die die Amplitude von Schwingungen bestimmter Frequenzen dämpfen. Der Dämpfungseffekt wird durch eine Erhöhung der An- zahl an Resonatoren oder durch eine Vergrößerung der Wirkfläche verstärkt. Die Erhöhung der Resonatoranzahl bzw. deren Vergrößerung hat jedoch den Nachteil eines erhöhten Bedarfs an Bauvolumen, das nicht immer zur Verfügung steht. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Brennkammer bereitzustel¬ len, die einen möglichst platzsparenden Einsatz von Resonatoren ermöglicht. For the reduction of thermoacoustic vibrations, therefore, for example, Helmholtz resonators are used for damping, which dampen the amplitude of vibrations of certain frequencies. The damping effect is enhanced by an increase in the number of resonators or by an increase in the effective area. The increase in the number of resonators or their magnification, however, has the disadvantage of an increased demand for construction volume, which is not always available. The object of the invention is to provide a combustion chamber bereitzustel ¬ len, which enables space-saving as possible use of resonators.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe, indem sie vorsieht, dass bei einer gattungsgemäßen Brennkammer mit einer Tragstruktur und einem Hitzeschild, das durch mehrere Hitzeschildelemente gebildet ist, die an der Tragstruktur mit Befestigungsmitteln angeordnet sind, so dass das Hitzeschild die Brennerkammer auskleidet und die Tragstruktur im Betrieb vor Heißgasen schützt, ein Resonator unabhängig von Hitzeschildelementen ebenfalls mit Befestigungsmitteln für Hitzeschildelemente an der Tragstruktur angeordnet ist. Durch den Einbau eines neuen Brennerkonzeptes in eine Brenn¬ kammer kann sich konstruktionsbedingt ein Freiraum zwischen der Tragstruktur der Brennkammer und den neuen Brennern ergeben. Werden deswegen einzelne Hitzeschildelemente, oder eine ganze Reihe von Hitzeschildelementen nicht mehr benötigt, entsteht durch deren Wegfall Platz für beispielsweise den Einbau von Resonatoren, um die Fahrweise der Maschine weniger störanfällig zu machen und insbesondere hohe Frequenzen zu dämpfen . The invention solves this problem by providing that in a generic combustion chamber with a support structure and a heat shield, which is formed by a plurality of heat shield elements, which are arranged on the support structure with fastening means, so that the heat shield lining the burner chamber and the support structure in operation protects against hot gases, a resonator is also arranged independently of heat shield elements with fastening means for heat shield elements on the support structure. Due to the design of a new burner concept in a Brenn ¬ chamber, a free space between the support structure of the combustion chamber and the new burners can result. Therefore, if individual heat shield elements, or a whole series of heat shield elements are no longer needed, their absence leaves room for, for example, the installation of resonators, in order to make the driving style of the machine less susceptible to interference and, in particular, to damp high frequencies.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ragt mindestens ein Brenner in die Brennkammer hinein, mit einem Brennerausgang, welcher der Teil des Brenners ist, der am weitesten in die Brennkammer hineinragt, wobei der Resonator in einem Bereich der Brennkammer angeordnet ist, der bezogen auf eine Haupt¬ strömungsrichtung in der Brennkammer stromauf des Brennerausgangs angeordnet ist. Auch wenn prinzipiell der Resonator an anderer Stelle in der Brennkammer angeordnet sein könnte, um dort gezielt Frequenzen zu dämpfen, ist die Anordnung strom- auf des Brennerausgangs vorteilhaft, da hier die Kühlung am unproblematischsten ist. Weiter stromab läge der Resonator dichter an der Brennerflamme und müsste gegebenenfalls stär¬ ker gekühlt werden, jedenfalls stärker als die Hitzeschild¬ elemente an dieser Stelle, deren Aufbau auf ihre Funktion hin optimiert ist. Dies schließt einen Einsatz eines Resonators an einer solchen Stelle aber nicht generell aus. In an advantageous embodiment, at least a burner protrudes into the combustion chamber with a burner output, which is the part of the burner, which projects into the combustion chamber furthest, wherein the resonator is arranged in a region of the combustion chamber, which in relation to a main ¬ flow direction is arranged in the combustion chamber upstream of the burner outlet. Even if, in principle, the resonator could be arranged elsewhere in the combustion chamber in order to specifically dampen frequencies there, the arrangement upstream on the burner outlet is advantageous, since cooling is the least problematic here. Further downstream, the resonator would be closer to the burner flame and would, if necessary Staer ¬ ker be cooled, at least stronger than the heat shield elements ¬ at this point, the structure is optimized for their function. This does not preclude use of a resonator at such location, but generally.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist der Resonator eine Deckplatte mit Resonatoröffnungen und an die Deckplatte anschließende und sich im eingebauten Zustand von der Deckplatte in Richtung der Tragstruktur erstreckende Randab¬ schnitte auf, welche an ihren von der Deckplatte abgewandten Stirnseiten auf der Tragstruktur aufliegen. Eine weitere, der Deckplatte gegenüberliegende Platte, welche an die Randab- schnitte im Bereich der Tragstruktur anschließt, ist möglich, aber nicht nötig. Wichtig ist nur, dass ein Resonatorvolumen gebildet ist. Sollte keine weitere Platte vorgesehen sein, ist die Tragstruktur Teil des Resonators. Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn die Randabschnitte mit der Tragstruk¬ tur verbindbar sind. Alternativ kann die Tragstruktur auch über eine Befestigung der Deckplatte an der Tragstruktur zwi- sehen Deckplatte und Tragstruktur geklemmt werden. In an advantageous embodiment, the resonator has a cover plate with resonator openings and adjoining the cover plate and in the installed state extending from the cover plate in the direction of the support structure Randab ¬ sections, which rest on their facing away from the cover plate end faces on the support structure. Another plate opposite the cover plate, which adjoins the edge sections in the region of the support structure, is possible, but not necessary. It is only important that a resonator volume is formed. If no further plate is provided, the support structure is part of the resonator. It is desirable if the edge portions of the supporting structural ¬ structure are connectable. Alternatively, the support structure can also be clamped by fastening the cover plate to the support structure between the cover plate and the support structure.
Werden die Randabschnitte jedoch selbst mit der Tragstruktur verbunden, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn zumindest zwei gegenüber¬ liegende Randabschnitte für einen Eingriff von Befestigungs- mittein ausgebildet sind, wie dies auch bei Hitzeschildele¬ menten der Fall sein kann, so dass dieselben Befestigungsmittel zum Einsatz kommen können. If the edge portions, however, itself connected to the support structure, it is advantageous if at least two are formed opposite ¬ located edge portions for engagement of fastening mittein, as may be the case with Hitzeschildele ¬ elements, so that the same fastening means are used can.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Brennkammer ist die Deckplatte mit den Randabschnitten lösbar verbunden. Dies ermöglicht eine große Flexibilität im Hinblick auf die An- passbarkeit des Resonators bei minimalem Materialaufwand. In an advantageous embodiment of the combustion chamber, the cover plate is releasably connected to the edge portions. This allows a great deal of flexibility with regard to the adaptability of the resonator with minimal material expenditure.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist die Deckplatte mit den Randabschnitten unlösbar verbunden. Der Vorteil dieser Variante liegt in der schnelleren Montage vor Ort in der Brennkammer und in der eventuell geringeren Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit infolge einer vergleichsweise kleinen Anzahl an Einzelteilen insbesondere zur Verbindung der Deckplatte mit den Randabschnitten. In an alternative embodiment, the cover plate is permanently connected to the edge portions. The advantage of this variant lies in the faster assembly on site in the combustion chamber and in the possibly lower probability of failure due to a comparatively small number of individual parts, in particular for connecting the cover plate to the edge sections.
Eine vorteilhafte Alternative zu den Eingriffen in den Rand¬ abschnitten ist eine Deckplatte mit einer Befestigungsöffnung zur lösbaren Befestigung des Resonators direkt an der Trag- struktur. An advantageous alternative to the interventions in the edge ¬ sections is a cover plate with a mounting opening for releasably securing the resonator directly to the support structure.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Befestigungsöffnung zentral in der Deckplatte angeordnet, wobei die Deckplatte mit der Trag¬ struktur verschraubbar ist. Die Deckplatte würde dann bei- spielsweise mit einem in der Tragstruktur liegenden Tellerfederpaket gegen die Randabschnitte verspannt. In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung entsprechen Außenabmessungen des Resonators zumindest in einer Richtung denen eines Hitzeschildelementes, wobei diese eine Richtung in einer Ebene mit der Brennkammerhauptachse liegt. Das ist sinnvoll, da zumindest in dieser einen Rich¬ tung der Resonator an Hitzeschildelemente anschließt und mit diesen eine im Wesentlichen geschlossene Fläche bildet, so dass die Tragstruktur vor den Heißgasen geschützt ist. In einer hierzu senkrechten Richtung, der Umfangsrichtung der Brennkammer, ist eine solche Übereinstimmung mit den Abmessungen der Hitzeschildelemente weniger notwendig. In Umfangs- richtung werden einfach die Resonatoren nebeneinander angeordnet, so dass sich unabhängig von ihren Abmessungen wiederum eine bis auf kleine Spalte geschlossene Fläche ergibt (Die Abmessungen sollten selbstverständlich so gewählt sein, dass über den Umfang eine quasi geschlossene Fläche ent¬ steht) . Conveniently, the attachment opening is arranged centrally in the cover plate, wherein the cover plate with the support ¬ structure is screwed. The cover plate would then be braced against the edge sections, for example, with a disk spring packet located in the support structure. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, outer dimensions of the resonator correspond at least in one direction to those of a heat shield element, wherein this one direction lies in a plane with the main combustion chamber axis. This makes sense, since at least in this one Rich ¬ tion of the resonator connects to heat shield elements and forms a substantially closed surface with these, so that the support structure is protected from the hot gases. In a direction perpendicular thereto, the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, such a match with the dimensions of the heat shield elements is less necessary. In the circumferential direction, the resonators are simply arranged next to each other, so that irrespective of its dimensions, in turn, a up to small column closed area results (The dimensions should of course be chosen such that over the circumference of a quasi-closed surface ent ¬ stands).
Ist ein Resonator im Hinblick auf die Randbedingungen bezüg- lieh der Außenabmessungen nicht passend zu den zu dämpfenden Frequenzen, dann kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Resonator Einbauten zur Verringerung des Resonatorvolumens umfasst, da bei diesen Volumenanpassungen weder Randabschnitte noch Deckplatte modifiziert werden müssen. Generell lassen sich das Resonatorvolumen und die Halslänge für jeden Resonator beliebig gestalten. If a resonator with regard to the boundary conditions with respect to the external dimensions is not suitable for the frequencies to be damped, then it may be advantageous if the resonator comprises internals for reducing the resonator volume, since neither edge sections nor cover plate have to be modified in these volume adjustments. In general, the resonator volume and the neck length can be designed as desired for each resonator.
Vorteilhafter Weise kann die Kühlluftversorgung und Spülung des Resonators durch die Tragstruktur erfolgen. Eine solche Luftzufuhr ist bereits vorhanden, und zwar zur Kühlung der Hitzeschildelemente . Advantageously, the cooling air supply and flushing of the resonator can be effected by the support structure. Such an air supply already exists, for cooling the heat shield elements.
Der große Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkammer liegt in der variablen Einstellung der Resonatoreigenschaften und der Kombinationsmöglichkeit von Resonatoren. Die Maschine kann gezielt durch den Einbau speziell abgestimmter Resonatoren eingestellt werden. Es kann somit eine sehr genaue und fle- xible Anpassung der Dämpfung verschiedener Frequenzen vorgenommen werden. The great advantage of the combustion chamber according to the invention lies in the variable adjustment of the resonator properties and the possibility of combining resonators. The machine can be adjusted specifically by installing specially tuned resonators. It can thus be a very accurate and xible adjustment of the attenuation of different frequencies are made.
Besonders interessant ist dabei die effiziente Nutzung beste- henden Freiräume in der Brennkammer. Die Fahrweise der Maschine wird stabiler, insbesondere wird die Maschine gegen¬ über schädlichen hohen Frequenzen unempfindlicher, wodurch sich auch die Standzeit der betroffenen Bauteile erhöht. Kri¬ tische Frequenzen können gezielt gedämpft werden bzw. die Ma- schine kann abgestimmt werden. Außerdem werden mögliche Kühl- lufterhöhungen durch Ausfüllung des Freiraums vermieden. Of particular interest is the efficient use of existing open spaces in the combustion chamber. The way in which the machine is stable, in particular, the machine is less sensitive ¬ harmful high frequencies, thus increasing the service life of the components in question. Kri ¬ diagram frequencies can be selectively attenuated or ma- machine can be tuned. In addition, possible cooling air increases are avoided by filling the free space.
Die Erfindung wird beispielhaft anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch und nicht maßstäblich: The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawings. Shown schematically and not to scale:
Figur 1 eine Einbausituation eines neuen Brennerkonzeptes in eine Ringbrennkammer und sich ergebender Raum für Resonatoren, Figur 2 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Brennkammer mit Resonator, 1 shows an installation situation of a new burner concept in an annular combustion chamber and resulting space for resonators, Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through a combustion chamber with resonator,
Figur 3 eine Ansicht von nebeneinander in der Brennkammer angeordneten Resonatoren, FIG. 3 shows a view of resonators arranged side by side in the combustion chamber,
Figur 4 einen Rahmen bildende Randabschnitte mit Eingriffen zur Halterung des Resonators, FIG. 4 shows edge sections forming a frame with interventions for holding the resonator,
Figur 5 eine Deckplatte mit zentraler Befestigungsöffnung und Figure 5 shows a cover plate with central mounting hole and
Figur 6 einen Rahmen bildende Randabschnitte. 6 shows a frame forming edge portions.
Die Figur 1 zeigt schematisch und beispielhaft eine Brennkam- mer 1 im Schnitt mit Brennern 7, die gegenüber den ursprünglich eingebauten Brennern eine andere Geometrie aufweisen und insbesondere weiter in die Brennkammer 1 hineinragen. In der Figur 1 ist eine (die zweite) von mehreren Reihen von Hitze- Schildelementen 4 gezeigt, die an der Tragstruktur 2 der Brennkammer 1 mit Befestigungsmitteln 5 befestigt sind und einen Hitzeschild 3 bilden. Die erste dieser Reihen von Hitzeschildelementen entfällt nun im Beispiel der Figur 1 auf- grund der geänderten Brennerabmessungen, so dass ein für den Einbau von Resonatoren zur Verfügung stehender Bauraum 21 entsteht . FIG. 1 shows schematically and by way of example a combustion chamber 1 in section with burners 7, which have a different geometry compared to the originally installed burners and, in particular, protrude further into the combustion chamber 1. In Figure 1, one (the second) of several rows of heat Shield elements 4 are shown, which are attached to the support structure 2 of the combustion chamber 1 with fastening means 5 and form a heat shield 3. The first of these rows of heat shield elements is now omitted in the example of FIG. 1 due to the changed burner dimensions, so that a space 21 is available for the installation of resonators.
Die Figur 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Brennkammer 1 ähnlich wie in Figur 1 mit einer Brennkammerhauptachse 16. Die durch den Wegfall der ersten Reihe der Hitzeschildelemente 4 entstandene Lücke ist in dieser Ausführungsform mit Resonato¬ ren 6 ausgefüllt. Diese sind mit denselben Befestigungsmit¬ teln 5 an der Tragstruktur 2 der Brennerkammer 1 befestigt, wie die Hitzeschildelemente 4, d.h. sie werden unmittelbar durch diese Befestigungsmittel 5 an der Tragstruktur 2 befes¬ tigt und nicht etwa zwischen Hitzeschildelementen 4 geklemmt. Die Resonatoren 6 sind in dem Bereich der Brennkammer 1 angeordnet, der bezogen auf eine Hauptströmungsrichtung 9 in der Brennkammer 1 stromauf der Brennerausgänge 8 liegt. Kühlluft¬ versorgung und Spülung 18 der Resonatoren 6 erfolgt wie die Kühlung für die Hitzeschildelemente 4 über die Tragstruktur 2. Die Resonatoren 6 umfassen je eine Deckplatte 10 mit 2 shows a section through a combustion chamber 1 similarly as in Figure 1 with a combustion chamber 16. The major axis formed by eliminating the first row of the heat shield elements 4 gap is filled in this embodiment Resonato ¬ ren. 6 These are attached with the same Befestigungsmit ¬ stuffs 5 of the supporting structure 2 of the burner chamber 1, as the heat shield elements 4, ie they are directly clamped by these fastening means 5 on the supporting structure 2 buildin ¬ Untitled and not between heat shield elements. 4 The resonators 6 are arranged in the region of the combustion chamber 1, which is located upstream of the burner exits 8 in the combustion chamber 1 relative to a main flow direction 9. Cooling air ¬ supply and flushing 18 of the resonators 6 as the cooling for the heat shield elements 4 via the support structure 2. The resonators 6 each comprise a cover plate 10 with
Resonatoröffnungen 11. Von der Deckplatte 10 aus erstrecken sich Randabschnitte 12 in Richtung der Tragstruktur 2. Die Stirnseiten 13 der Randabschnitte 12 liegen auf der Tragstruktur 2 auf. Resonator openings 11. Edge portions 12 extend from the cover plate 10 in the direction of the support structure 2. The end faces 13 of the edge sections 12 rest on the support structure 2.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Ansicht von nebeneinander in der Brennkam- mer 1 angeordneten Resonatoren 6. Zwischen den Resonatoren 6 sind Dehnungsspalte 19, in denen Befestigungsmittel 5 erkenn¬ bar sind. Figure 3 shows a view from the side by side in the Brennkam- mer 1 resonators arranged 6. Between the resonators 6 are expansion column 19, in which fastening means 5 are recognizable ¬ bar.
Figur 4 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem diese Randab- schnitte 12 einen Rahmen bilden, in den die Deckplatte 10 eingelegt werden kann. Die Figur 4 zeigt ferner Ausnehmungen 14 in den Randabschnitten 12, in die Befestigungsmittel 5 für die Resonatoren 6 im eingebauten Zustand der Resonatoren 6 eingreifen . Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which these edge sections 12 form a frame into which the cover plate 10 can be inserted. The figure 4 also shows recesses 14 in the edge portions 12, in the fastening means 5 for the resonators 6 engage in the installed state of the resonators 6.
Die Figuren 5 und 6 zeigen eine Ausführungsform eines Resona- tors 6, bei dem die Randabschnitte 12 einen Rahmen bilden, der selbst Befestigungsöffnungen 20 zur Befestigung des Rahmens an der Tragstruktur 2 aufweist und bei dem die in einen Rahmen einzulegende Deckplatte 10 eine zentrale Befestigungs¬ öffnung 15 zeigt. Figures 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a Resona- tors 6, in which the edge portions 12 form a frame which has self-fastening openings 20 for securing the frame to the support structure 2 and in which the einzulegende in a frame cover plate 10 has a central mounting ¬ opening 15 shows.
Bei der Wahl der Außenabmessungen des Resonators 6 zur Erzielung eines gewünschten Resonatorvolumens bestehen wenige Zwänge. Ist der Resonator eingebaut, ist es sinnvoll, dass zumindest in der Richtung, die in einer Ebene mit der Brenn- kammerhauptachse 16 liegt, die Ausdehnung des Resonators 6 der eines Hitzeschildelements 4 entspricht. Die Länge des Re¬ sonators 6 in Umfangsrichtung und seine Dicke (d.h. Höhe der Randabschnitte 12) können dagegen weitestgehend frei gewählt werden. Auch ist es möglich, durch Einbauten 17 das In the choice of the outer dimensions of the resonator 6 to achieve a desired resonator volume, there are few constraints. If the resonator is installed, it makes sense that the extent of the resonator 6 corresponds to that of a heat shield element 4, at least in the direction which lies in one plane with the main combustion chamber axis 16. The length of the re ¬ sonator 6 in the circumferential direction and its thickness (ie height of the edge portions 12), however, can be largely freely chosen. It is also possible, through fixtures 17 the
Resonatorvolumen anzupassen. Die Figur 7 zeigt ein einfaches Beispiel für Einbauten 17. Resonator volume adapt. FIG. 7 shows a simple example of installations 17.
Freiheit besteht auch bei der Anzahl und den Durchmessern der Resonatoröffnungen 11 in der Deckplatte 10, die entweder auf die Randabschnitte 12 aufgeschweißt oder mit den Randab¬ schnitten 12 oder direkt mit der Tragstruktur 2 verschraubt werden kann. Freedom is also in the number and the diameters of the resonator openings 11 in the cover plate 10, either welded to the edge portions 12 or cut with the Randab ¬ 12 can be screwed or directly to the support structure. 2

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Brennkammer (1) mit einer Tragstruktur (2) und einem Hitzeschild (3), das durch mehrere Hitzeschildelemente (4) gebildet ist, die an der Tragstruktur (2) mit Befesti¬ gungsmitteln (5) angeordnet sind, so dass das Hitzeschild (3) die Brennerkammer (1) auskleidet und die Tragstruktur (2) im Betrieb vor Heißgasen schützt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Resonator (6) unabhängig von Hitze- schildelementen (4) ebenfalls mit Befestigungsmitteln (5) für Hitzeschildelemente (4) an der Tragstruktur (2) angeordnet ist. 1. combustion chamber (1) with a support structure (2) and a heat shield (3) which is formed by a plurality of heat shield elements (4), which are arranged on the support structure (2) with fastening ¬ supply means (5), so that the heat shield (3) the burner chamber (1) and lining the support structure (2) protects against hot gases during operation, characterized in that a resonator (6) regardless of heat shield elements (4) also with fastening means (5) for heat shield elements (4) the support structure (2) is arranged.
2. Brennkammer (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei mindestens ein 2. combustion chamber (1) according to claim 1, wherein at least one
Brenner (7) in die Brennkammer (1) hineinragt mit einem Burner (7) projects into the combustion chamber (1) with a
Brennerausgang (8), welcher der Teil des Brenners (7) ist, der am weitesten in die Brennkammer (1) hineinragt, wobei der Resonator (6) in einem Bereich der Brennkammer (1) angeordnet ist, der bezogen auf eine Hauptströmungs- richtung (9) in der Brennkammer (1) stromauf des Brennerausgangs (8) angeordnet ist. Burner outlet (8), which is the part of the burner (7) which projects furthest into the combustion chamber (1), wherein the resonator (6) in a region of the combustion chamber (1) is arranged, with respect to a Hauptströmungs- direction (9) in the combustion chamber (1) upstream of the burner outlet (8) is arranged.
3. Brennkammer (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei der Resonator (6) eine Deckplatte (10) mit 3. combustion chamber (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the resonator (6) has a cover plate (10)
Resonatoröffnungen (11) und an die Deckplatte (10) an¬ schließende und sich im eingebauten Zustand von der Deckplatte (10) in Richtung der Tragstruktur (2) erstreckende Randabschnitte (12) aufweist, welche an ihren von der Deckplatte (10) abgewandten Stirnseiten (13) auf der Tragstruktur (2) aufliegen. Resonatoröffnungen (11) and to the cover plate (10) on ¬ closing and in the installed state of the cover plate (10) in the direction of the support structure (2) extending edge portions (12) which at their side facing away from the cover plate (10) end faces (13) resting on the support structure (2).
4. Brennkammer (1) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Randabschnitte (12) mit der Tragstruktur (2) verbindbar sind. 4. combustion chamber (1) according to claim 3, wherein the edge portions (12) with the support structure (2) are connectable.
5. Brennkammer (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, wobei Ausnehmungen (14) an zumindest zwei gegenüberliegenden Randabschnitten (12) für einen Eingriff von Befestigungsmitteln (5) ausgebildet sind. 5. combustion chamber (1) according to any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein recesses (14) are formed on at least two opposite edge portions (12) for engagement of fastening means (5).
6. Brennkammer (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, wobei die Deckplatte (10) mit den Randabschnitten (12) lösbar verbunden ist. 6. combustion chamber (1) according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the cover plate (10) with the edge portions (12) is detachably connected.
7. Brennkammer (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, wobei die Deckplatte (10) mit den Randabschnitten (12) unlösbar verbunden ist. 7. combustion chamber (1) according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the cover plate (10) with the edge portions (12) is non-detachably connected.
8. Brennkammer (1) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Deckplatte 8. combustion chamber (1) according to claim 3, wherein the cover plate
(10) eine Befestigungsöffnung (15) zur lösbaren Befestigung des Resonators (6) an der Tragstruktur (2) aufweist.  (10) has a mounting opening (15) for releasably securing the resonator (6) to the support structure (2).
9. Brennkammer (1) nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Befestigungsöffnung (15) zentral in der Deckplatte (10) angeordnet ist und die Deckplatte (10) mit der Tragstruktur (2) verschraubbar ist. 9. combustion chamber (1) according to claim 8, wherein the fastening opening (15) is arranged centrally in the cover plate (10) and the cover plate (10) with the support structure (2) can be screwed.
10. Brennkammer (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei Außenabmessungen des Resonators (6) zumindest in einer Richtung denen eines Hitzeschildelementes (4) ent¬ sprechen, wobei diese eine Richtung in einer Ebene mit der Brennkammerhauptachse (16) liegt. 10. combustion chamber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein outer dimensions of the resonator (6) at least in one direction which a heat shield element (4) ent ¬ speak, this one direction in a plane with the combustion chamber main axis (16).
11. Brennkammer (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Resonator (6) Einbauten (17) zur Verringerung des Resonatorvolumens umfasst. 11. combustion chamber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resonator (6) comprises internals (17) for reducing the resonator volume.
12. Brennkammer (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei Kühlluftversorgung und Spülung (18) des Resonators (6) durch die Tragstruktur (2) erfolgen. 12. combustion chamber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein cooling air supply and flushing (18) of the resonator (6) by the support structure (2) take place.
PCT/EP2016/078786 2015-12-08 2016-11-25 Combustion chamber having resonators WO2017097606A1 (en)

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