EP2363643B1 - Heat shield element - Google Patents

Heat shield element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2363643B1
EP2363643B1 EP20110004163 EP11004163A EP2363643B1 EP 2363643 B1 EP2363643 B1 EP 2363643B1 EP 20110004163 EP20110004163 EP 20110004163 EP 11004163 A EP11004163 A EP 11004163A EP 2363643 B1 EP2363643 B1 EP 2363643B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat shield
support structure
elements
groove
circumferential
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20110004163
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2363643A1 (en
Inventor
Claudia Alders
Olga Deiss
Jens Kleinfeld
Marc Tertilt
Bernd Vonnemann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to EP20110004163 priority Critical patent/EP2363643B1/en
Publication of EP2363643A1 publication Critical patent/EP2363643A1/en
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Publication of EP2363643B1 publication Critical patent/EP2363643B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00012—Details of sealing devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat shield element for use in a heat shield, in particular for use in a gas turbine combustor or gas turbine combustor.
  • Heat shields are used, for example, in combustion chambers or flame tubes, which can be part of a kiln, a hot gas duct or a gas turbine and in which a hot medium is generated or led, are used.
  • a thermally highly loaded combustion chamber may be lined with a heat shield for protection against excessive thermal stress.
  • the heat shield typically comprises a number of surface-mounted heat shield elements which shield the wall of the combustion chamber from the hot medium, such as a hot combustion gas, thus counteracting excessive thermal loading of the combustion chamber wall.
  • Such a ceramic heat shield is, for example, in EP 0 558 540 B1 described. It comprises a number of square ceramic heat shield elements which are attached to an axisymmetric support structure of the flame tube. Each heat shield element has a hot medium facing the hot medium, a cold side facing the support wall and four peripheral surface connecting the hot side to the cold side, the two circumferential surfaces of a heat shield element being provided with grooves in the circumferential direction of the support structure. By means of engaging in the grooves spring-like brackets the heat shield elements are fixed in the circumferential direction of the support structure under Spaltbemik.
  • a cooling fluid is supplied to the gaps between the heat shield elements, which flows from the cold side in the direction of the hot side through the column and thus blocks the column against ingress of the hot medium.
  • suitable ceramic heat shield is, for example.
  • holding members with clip portions are used which engage with the grooves of the peripheral surface and clamp the heat shield member in one direction.
  • the holding elements each have a support portion for supporting a heat shield element on a third peripheral surface.
  • This third peripheral surface has, on the hot side, a protrusion protruding beyond the remainder of the peripheral surface, which rests on the support portion of the holding member such that the heat shield member is also secured in the direction perpendicular to the clamping direction.
  • the heat shield elements are arranged such that small gaps remain between them.
  • a combustion chamber lining with heat shield elements is also in EP 1 302 723 A1 described.
  • sealing elements are arranged in the gaps between the heat shield elements.
  • the heat shield elements of this combustion chamber lining have grooves on their circumferential surfaces.
  • a arranged in the gap between two heat shield elements sealing element engages in the grooves of the two limiting the gap peripheral surfaces.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved heat shield element, which is particularly suitable for use in a heat shield.
  • a heat shield on a support structure comprises a number of heat shield elements, which are configured and arranged on the support structure so that they adjoin each other leaving columns.
  • the support structure of the heat shield has a circumferential direction and an axial direction, wherein the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure adjacent to each other, leaving a gap, which is referred to as a circumferential gap, and in the axial direction of the support structure, leaving a gap referred to below as the axial gap adjacent to each other.
  • both the circumferential gaps and the axial gaps are sealed by sealing elements, wherein the sealing elements sealing the axial gaps have a different distance to the supporting structure than the sealing elements sealing the circumferential gap.
  • the axial gaps are to be sealed with sealing elements, the grooves could be continued in the axially adjacent circumferential surfaces. In the axial gaps could then be used analogous to the circumferential gaps sealing elements. At the intersections of the axial gaps with the circumferential gaps remain leaky sections back, through which a cooling fluid can flow selectively into the combustion chamber.
  • the arrangement of the sealing elements for the axial gaps and the circumferential gaps at different distances from the support structure makes it possible to arrange the sealing elements overlapping.
  • the intersections between axial and circumferential gaps are more effectively sealed, allowing for a reduction in the cooling fluid requirement.
  • the sealing elements which seal the axial gaps, can be arranged between the supporting structure and the heat shield elements. On a groove in the second peripheral surfaces can then be waived continue.
  • the heat shield comprises a number of element holders, which the heat shield elements on the Fix support structure both in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction.
  • the gap dimensions of the heat shield are of importance for the amount of cooling fluid required for cooling. The wider the gaps, the more cooling fluid is necessary to effectively shut off the gaps against the hot medium present in the combustion chamber.
  • the heat shields are exposed during operation of the combustion chamber in addition to a high thermal load partly mechanical stress due to vibrations. If the heat shield elements are not fixed in the axial direction of the support structure, they can move axially, in particular under such a mechanical load. Such displacement, however, leads to changes in the axial gaps and the circumferential gaps between the heat shield elements in axially symmetrical, in particular conical, combustion chambers or flame tubes. As the heat shield elements move on the support structure, the gaps between them may decrease or increase, resulting in non-uniform leakage of the cooling fluid and uneven temperature gradients in the gaps. In order to lock the column taking into account all gap tolerances under all operating conditions, therefore, an increased cooling fluid requirement is given. In particular, considering enlarged gaps increases the need for cooling fluid. In addition, an individual rework is necessary in the absence of axial fixation of the heat protection elements during assembly due to their not exactly defined axial position, which extends the assembly time.
  • the axial fixation By means of the axial fixation, a displacement of the heat shield elements can be effectively suppressed, so that smaller gap tolerances can be assumed when determining the cooling fluid requirement, whereby the cooling fluid requirement can be set lower. In particular, in combination with seals arranged in both axial and circumferential gaps, the need for cooling fluid can thus be significantly reduced.
  • the axial fixation also leads to more uniform temperature gradients on the heat shield elements and to more uniform thermal stresses. As a result, under thermal stress of the heat shield elements less or shorter cracks, so the exchange rate of the heat shield elements decreases and the inspection intervals can be extended. Finally, by means of the axial fixation, the assembly time required for adjusting the gap tolerances in new construction and in the maintenance of a heat shield can be shortened.
  • the heat shield comprises first element holder for fixing the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure and second element holder for fixing the heat shield elements in the axial direction of the support structure.
  • the second element holders are formed at the same time for holding the sealing elements in the axial gaps. Due to the fact that the second element holders also hold the sealing element, it is possible to use an additional holding element, as in the case of the axial fixation according to the method of FIG DE 41 14 768 A1 described prior art for holding a sealing element would be necessary to be waived.
  • the support structure has peripheral grooves extending in the circumferential direction of the support structure.
  • the second element holders are designed as staples provided with a staple opening and a staple portion facing away from the staple opening, the staples having the staple portion facing away from the staple opening being inserted into a circumferential groove of the support structure such that at least a portion of the staple engages a recess of a heat shield member the circumferential groove protrudes and serves as an axial fixation of the heat shield element.
  • the sealing elements are inserted in the brackets.
  • the clip can also engagement elements have to engage in a loaded in the clamp sealing element.
  • the heat shield elements each comprise a hot side facing away from the support structure, which is suitable for being exposed to a hot medium, a cold side facing the support structure, and a number of circumferential surfaces connecting the hot side to the cold side.
  • a heat shield element On two opposite sides, a heat shield element has first circumferential surfaces, each of which adjoins a corresponding first peripheral surface of an adjacent heat shield element in the axial direction of the support structure, leaving an axial gap.
  • the heat shield element has, on two opposite sides, second circumferential surfaces which in the circumferential direction of the support structure each adjoin a corresponding second peripheral surface of an adjacent heat shield element, leaving a circumferential gap.
  • the element holders engage the second peripheral surfaces of the heat shield elements to fix the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure, the second peripheral surfaces being provided with securing portions which prevent displacement of the heat shield elements relative to the element holders along the second peripheral surfaces.
  • the element holders which fix the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction, also take over the fixing in the axial direction.
  • the element holders present anyway for fixing the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure, no additional element holders are required. Only the security sections must be incorporated into the heat shield elements, which represents only a slight change from the design of the previously used heat shield elements.
  • the second circumferential surfaces have grooves, in which engagement portions of the element holders engage and in which webs are arranged such that they form a stop for the engagement portions of the element holder in the axial direction of the support structure.
  • the webs form the securing portions which prevent displacement of the element holders along the second peripheral surfaces.
  • a heat shield member according to the invention for attachment to a support structure comprises a hot side facing a support structure adapted to be exposed to a hot medium, a cold side facing the support structure, and a number of peripheral surfaces connecting the hot side to the cold side and abutting circumferentially circumferentially the support structure are provided leaving the circumferential gap adjacent to heat shield elements to be attached and having grooves for engagement by engaging portions of element holders holding the heat shield element to the support structure. In each groove, at least one web is arranged, which forms a stop for the engagement portions of the element holder.
  • a heat shield element designed in this way can also be fixed in the axial direction with the element holders that were previously used for fixing in the circumferential direction of the support structure. It is particularly suitable for use in a heat shield according to the second variant of the heat shield according to the invention with axial fixation of the heat shield elements.
  • the at least one web extends in a first embodiment of the heat shield element according to the invention in the direction of the cold side to the hot side only by a part of the groove profile. This will be the insertion of the usual Sealing elements in the groove not significantly disturbed.
  • the at least one web can also extend in the direction from the cold side to the hot side through the entire groove profile.
  • a retaining element with an engaging portion designed to engage in grooves of heat shield elements has at the engagement portion at least one surface element, the surface normal of which extends in engagement with the groove in the extension direction of the groove.
  • the holding element provides an enlarged abutment surface for abutment with the webs arranged in the grooves and can thus ensure a secure axial fixation of the heat shield element.
  • FIG. 1 shows as a first example of the heat shield, a section of an axisymmetric heat shield for an annular combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
  • two ceramic heat shield elements 1, 2 are shown, which are fixed to an axisymmetric support structure 3 and adjoin one another in the axial direction A of the support structure 3.
  • the heat shield elements are arranged such that a small gap remains between two heat shield elements 1, 2. If the heat shield elements abut each other due to the thermal expansion, this could lead to stresses in the heat shield elements 1, 2 and thus to a previous wear or even breakage of a heat shield element 1, 2.
  • the heat shield elements 1, 2 each have a heat-resistant hot side 4 facing the interior of the combustion chamber, which is exposed during operation of the gas turbine to the hot gas in the gas turbine combustion chamber, and one of the support structure 3 facing cold side 5. Between the hot sides 4 and the cold sides 5, the heat shield elements 1, 2 each have four peripheral surfaces 6, 7, with which the heat shield elements 1, 2 adjacent to adjacent heat shield elements 1, 2. Those circumferential surfaces 6 with which the heat shield elements 1, 2 adjoin one another in the circumferential direction of the support structure 3 have grooves 8 into which engagement sections of element holders can engage in order to fix the heat shield elements 1, 2 in the circumferential direction of the support structure 3.
  • An element holder 25, as used in the present example for fixing the heat shield elements 1, 2, is in Fig. 8 shown.
  • the element holder 25 has an engaging portion 26 designed as engagement tab for engaging in the groove 8 of a heat shield element 1, 2 and a fastening tab 27, by means of which the element holder 25 can be attached to the support structure 3, on.
  • this has profile grooves 9 extending in the circumferential direction, in which the attachment lugs 27 of the element holder 25 can be fixed to the support structure 3 by means of screws, for example.
  • a corresponding holder and its attachment in the profile of the support structure is also in the EP 0 558 540 to which reference is made with respect to the further embodiment and the fastening of the element holder.
  • sealing elements 33 for example. Ceramic seals, inserted to seal the circumferential gap between two adjacent in the circumferential direction of the heat shield elements.
  • each heat shield element 1, 2 has at its axial edges, ie the edges between the two peripheral surfaces 7 and the cold side 5 of a heat shield element, first and second recesses 10, 11. In FIG. 1 is to recognize only one recess of the two heat shield elements.
  • the first recess 10 serves both for receiving a part of a clamp 12, which in FIG. 2 is shown enlarged, as well as for receiving a part of an inserted into the bracket 12 and held by this sealing element 13 for sealing the axial gap between the heat shield elements 1, 2.
  • the second recess 11, however, serves only to receive a portion of the sealing element 13.
  • the sealing elements may be formed in particular as preferably ceramic hose elements.
  • the clip 12 which is preferably made of an elastic material, eg. Steel, has a clip opening 14 and a web 15 facing away from the clip opening (see Fig. 2 ). From the web 15, a first clip portion 16 and a second clip portion 17 extend, which together define the clip opening 14. In this case, the first clip portion 16 and the web 15 substantially at an angle of 90 °, while the second bracket portion 17 and the web 15 include an angle which is greater than 90 °.
  • At the end remote from the web 15 of the second clip portion 17 are jagged, projecting in the direction of the first clip portion 16 protrusions 18 are arranged, which are provided for engagement in an inserted into the clip 12 sealing element 13.
  • the tips of the serrated projections 18 are rounded to avoid damaging the sealing element 13.
  • the clamps 12 are inserted with their clamp opening 14 facing away from the end in a formed in the support structure 13 circumferential groove 19 such that the web 15 rests on the groove bottom 20.
  • the second clip portion is thereby pressed by the groove wall 21 in the direction of the first clip portion 16, whereby the clip 12 is held under bias in the groove 19.
  • the serrated projections 18 engage in an inserted into the clamp 12 sealing element 13 (in Fig. 3 not shown), so that it is held by the clamp 12.
  • the clip 12 When the clip 12 is inserted into the circumferential groove 19, the first clip portion 16 protrudes beyond the circumferential groove 19, whereas the second clip portion 17 is completely disposed within the circumferential groove 19. If the heat shield elements 1, 2 are subsequently fastened to the support structure 3, then the part of the first clamp section 16 protruding beyond the circumferential groove 19 engages in the first recess 10 of the heat shield element 1 (see FIG Fig. 1
  • the clip 12 therefore serves at the same time as a holder for the sealing element 13 and as a holding element for axially fixing the heat shield element 1. Since the first recess 10 both the first clip portion 16 and a part has to absorb the sealing element 13, it has a larger dimension in the axial direction A of the support structure than the second recess 11, which has to receive only a part of the sealing element.
  • sealing element 13 has a different distance to the support structure 3 than the sealing elements 33 inserted into the grooves 8 of the heat shield elements 1, 2, all sealing elements can extend to the edge of the corresponding heat shield element or even beyond, without them hinder each other. Thus, in particular, the crossing points of circumferential and axial gaps can be effectively sealed.
  • FIG. 4 A second example of the heat shield is in Fig. 4 shown.
  • the sealing element 22 is not used in the second example by means of a clamp 12 in a circumferential groove 19 of the support structure 3. Instead it lies on the support structure 3.
  • it can also be attached to the support structure 3 by means of suitable fastening elements, such as with the support structure 3 to be screwed or otherwise to be fixed bracket.
  • the heat shield elements 1, 2 have at their axial edges recesses 23 for receiving a portion of the sealing element 22. In contrast to the first example, however, the recesses 23 on the two axial edges of a heat shield element do not differ in their dimensions.
  • FIG. 4a A variation of this example is in Fig. 4a shown. Unlike in Fig. 4 shown example, no recesses 23 for receiving the sealing element 22 are present at the axial edges of the heat shield elements 1, 2. Instead, the support structure in the region of the axial edges of the heat shield elements 1, 2 has a further circumferentially extending groove 23a for receiving a sealing element 22a sealing the gap between the heat shield elements 1, 2.
  • the heat shield elements 1, 2 are fixed only in the circumferential direction of the support structure 3 by the element holders engaging in the groove 8. If the heat shield elements 1, 2 are to be fixed in the axial direction of the support structure 3, this can be achieved in a modification of the second example according to the invention, that in the grooves 8 of the heat shield elements 1, 2 webs 24 are arranged, which is a stop for the in the grooves 8 engaging engagement plates 26 of the element holder 25 and prevent displacement of the heat shield element in the axial direction A of the support structure 3 relative to the element holder 25 and thus also relative to the support structure 3 (see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 ). In particular, when engage on both sides of the webs 24 engaging tabs 26 of element holders 25 in the groove 8, the heat shield element is secured against axial displacement.
  • the web 24 extends through the entire groove cross-section, whereby a large stop surface 29 is available and the stability of the heat shield element 1, in particular its peripheral surface 6, is increased.
  • a large web 24 requires adjusting the shape of the sealing elements 33 to be inserted into the groove 8.
  • FIG. 7 An alternative embodiment of the bridge is in Fig. 7 shown.
  • the web 28 extends only through a small part of the groove profile 8, so that sufficient space for inserting the sealing element 33 remains in the groove 8.
  • a change in the shape of the inserted into the groove 8 sealing elements 33 is not necessary in this embodiment.
  • the engaging tab 26 of the element holder 25 at its end formed for engaging in the groove 8 has a semicircular bend 31 on.
  • a larger edge portion of the engaging tab 26 is available for the abutment against the abutment surface 29, 30 of the web 24, 28.
  • the engaging tab 26 of the engaging engagement member 25 engages with a small distance to the abutment surfaces 29, 30 of the webs 24, 28 so as not to hinder the thermal expansion of the webs.
  • the distance is, however, significantly smaller than the width of the axial gap between two heat shield elements. If the engaging tabs 26 engage with a small distance to the abutment surfaces 29, 30 in the groove 8, although the heat shield element 1 in the axial direction A of the support structure can move slightly axially, but the distance of this possible axial displacement of the heat shield element 1 is significantly smaller than that Width of the axial gap, so that it does not significantly affect the gap tolerances.
  • the heat shield element should therefore still be regarded as axially fixed even if the engaging tabs 26 engage in the groove 8 at a small distance from the abutment surfaces 29, 30.
  • the heat shield elements shown in the examples, element holders and the support structure shown in the examples can be quickly and inexpensively modified by modifying the previously used heat shield elements (insertion of the recesses 10, 11, 23 and / or webs 24, 28), element holder (changes to the engaging tab 26) or the previously used support structure (introduction of the circumferential groove 19) realize.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Hitzeschildelement zur Verwendung in einem Hitzeschild, insbesondere zur Verwendung in einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer oder einem Gasturbinenflammrohr.The present invention relates to a heat shield element for use in a heat shield, in particular for use in a gas turbine combustor or gas turbine combustor.

Hitzeschilde kommen bspw. in Brennkammern oder Flammrohren, die etwa Teil eines Brennofens, eines Heißgaskanals oder einer Gasturbine sein können und in denen ein heißes Medium erzeugt oder geführt wird, zum Einsatz. Zum Beispiel kann eine thermisch hoch belastete Brennkammer zum Schutz vor zu hoher thermischer Beanspruchung mit einem Hitzeschild ausgekleidet sein. Der Hitzeschild umfasst typischerweise eine Anzahl flächendeckend angeordneter Hitzeschildelemente, welche die Wandung der Brennkammer gegen das heiße Medium, etwa ein heißes Verbrennungsgas, abschirmen und so einer übermäßigen thermischen Belastung der Brennkammerwand entgegenwirken.Heat shields are used, for example, in combustion chambers or flame tubes, which can be part of a kiln, a hot gas duct or a gas turbine and in which a hot medium is generated or led, are used. For example, a thermally highly loaded combustion chamber may be lined with a heat shield for protection against excessive thermal stress. The heat shield typically comprises a number of surface-mounted heat shield elements which shield the wall of the combustion chamber from the hot medium, such as a hot combustion gas, thus counteracting excessive thermal loading of the combustion chamber wall.

Ein derartiger keramischer Hitzeschild ist bspw. in EP 0 558 540 B1 beschrieben. Er umfasst eine Anzahl viereckiger keramischer Hitzeschildelemente, die an einer axialsymmetrischen Tragstruktur des Flammrohrs befestigt sind. Jedes Hitzeschildelement weist eine dem heißen Medium zugewandte Heißseite, eine der Tragwand zugewandte Kaltseite sowie vier die Heißseite mit der Kaltseite verbindende Umfangsfläche auf, wobei die beiden in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur einander gegenüberliegenden Umfangsflächen eines Hitzeschildelementes mit Nuten versehen sind. Mittels in die Nuten eingreifender federartiger Klammern sind die Hitzeschildelemente in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur unter Spaltbelassung fixiert. Um die thermische Belastung der Tragstruktur möglichst gering zu halten, wird den Spalten zwischen den Hitzeschildelementen ein Kühlfluid zugeführt, welches von der Kaltseite aus in Richtung der Heißseite durch die Spalte strömt und so die Spalte gegen ein Eindringen des heißen Mediums sperrt. Ein insbesondere für das Auskleiden eines Flammrohrs für eine Gasturbine geeigneter keramischer Hitzeschild ist bspw. in DE 41 14 768 A1 beschrieben. Er umfasst eine Anzahl rechteckiger oder trapezoider keramischer Hitzeschildelemente, die an einer Tragwand des Flammrohrs befestigt sind. Jedes Hitzeschildelement weist eine dem heißen Medium zugewandte Heißseite, eine der Tragwand zugewandte Kaltseite sowie vier die Heißseite mit der Kaltseite verbindende Umfangsflächen auf, wobei zwei an gegenüberliegenden Seiten eines Hitzeschildelementes gelegene Umfangsflächen mit Nuten versehen sind. Zum Befestigen der Hitzeschildelemente an der Tragwand finden Haltelemente mit Klammerabschnitten Verwendung, die in die Nuten der Umfangsfläche eingreifen und das Hitzeschildelement in einer Richtung verklammern. Außerdem besitzen die Haltelemente jeweils einen Stützabschnitt zum Stützen eines Hitzeschildelements an einer dritten Umfangsfläche. Diese dritte Umfangsfläche weist heißseitig einen über den Rest der Umfangsfläche vorstehenden Vorsprung auf, welcher auf dem Stützabschnitt des Haltelementes derart ruht, dass das Hitzeschildelement auch in der Richtung senkrecht zur Verklammerungsrichtung gesichert ist. Um eine thermische Ausdehnung der Hitzeschildelemente zu ermöglichen, wenn diese dem heißen Medium ausgesetzt sind, werden die Hitzeschildelemente derart angeordnet, dass kleine Spalte zwischen Ihnen verbleiben. Durch die in DE 41 14 768 A1 beschrieben Fixierung sind die Hitzeschildelemente an definierten Positionen der Tragwand angeordnet.Such a ceramic heat shield is, for example, in EP 0 558 540 B1 described. It comprises a number of square ceramic heat shield elements which are attached to an axisymmetric support structure of the flame tube. Each heat shield element has a hot medium facing the hot medium, a cold side facing the support wall and four peripheral surface connecting the hot side to the cold side, the two circumferential surfaces of a heat shield element being provided with grooves in the circumferential direction of the support structure. By means of engaging in the grooves spring-like brackets the heat shield elements are fixed in the circumferential direction of the support structure under Spaltbelassung. In order to keep the thermal load on the support structure as low as possible, a cooling fluid is supplied to the gaps between the heat shield elements, which flows from the cold side in the direction of the hot side through the column and thus blocks the column against ingress of the hot medium. In particular for the lining of a flame tube for a gas turbine suitable ceramic heat shield is, for example. In DE 41 14 768 A1 described. It comprises a number of rectangular or trapezoidal ceramic heat shield elements attached to a support wall of the fire tube. Each heat shield element has a hot side facing the hot medium, a cold side facing the support wall, and four peripheral surfaces connecting the hot side to the cold side, wherein two peripheral surfaces located on opposite sides of a heat shield element are grooved. For attaching the heat shield elements to the support wall, holding members with clip portions are used which engage with the grooves of the peripheral surface and clamp the heat shield member in one direction. In addition, the holding elements each have a support portion for supporting a heat shield element on a third peripheral surface. This third peripheral surface has, on the hot side, a protrusion protruding beyond the remainder of the peripheral surface, which rests on the support portion of the holding member such that the heat shield member is also secured in the direction perpendicular to the clamping direction. In order to allow thermal expansion of the heat shield elements when exposed to the hot medium, the heat shield elements are arranged such that small gaps remain between them. By the in DE 41 14 768 A1 described fixing the heat shield elements are arranged at defined positions of the support wall.

Eine Brennkammerauskleidung mit Hitzeschildelementen ist auch in EP 1 302 723 A1 beschrieben. In dieser Brennkammerauskleidung sind Dichtelemente in den Spalten zwischen den Hitzeschildelementen angeordnet. Die Hitzeschildelemente dieser Brennkammerauskleidung weisen an ihren Umfangsflächen Nuten auf. Ein im Spalt zwischen zwei Hitzeschildelementen angeordnetes Dichtelement greift dabei in die Nuten der beiden den Spalt begrenzenden Umfangsflächen ein.A combustion chamber lining with heat shield elements is also in EP 1 302 723 A1 described. In this combustion chamber lining sealing elements are arranged in the gaps between the heat shield elements. The heat shield elements of this combustion chamber lining have grooves on their circumferential surfaces. A arranged in the gap between two heat shield elements sealing element engages in the grooves of the two limiting the gap peripheral surfaces.

Gegenüber dem beschriebenen Stand der Technik besteht die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, ein verbessertes Hitzeschildelement zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches insbesondere zur Verwendung in einem Hitzeschild geeignet ist.Compared to the described prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved heat shield element, which is particularly suitable for use in a heat shield.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Hitzeschildelement nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a heat shield element according to claim 1.

Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.The dependent claims contain advantageous embodiments of the invention.

Ein Hitzeschild an einer Tragstruktur umfasst eine Anzahl von Hitzeschildelementen, welche derart ausgestaltet und an der Tragstruktur angeordnet sind, dass sie unter Belassung von Spalten aneinander angrenzen. Die Tragstruktur des Hitzeschildes weist eine Umfangsrichtung und eine Axialrichtung auf, wobei die Hitzeschildelemente in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur unter Belassung eines Spaltes, der im Folgenden als Umfangsspalt bezeichnet ist, und in Axialrichtung der Tragstruktur unter Belassung eines im Folgenden als Axialspalt bezeichneten Spaltes aneinander angrenzen. Außerdem sind sowohl die Umfangsspalte als auch die Axialspalte durch Dichtelemente abgedichtet, wobei die die Axialspalte abdichtenden Dichtelemente einen anderen Abstand zur Tragstruktur aufweisen als die die Umfangsspalte abdichtenden Dichtelemente.A heat shield on a support structure comprises a number of heat shield elements, which are configured and arranged on the support structure so that they adjoin each other leaving columns. The support structure of the heat shield has a circumferential direction and an axial direction, wherein the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure adjacent to each other, leaving a gap, which is referred to as a circumferential gap, and in the axial direction of the support structure, leaving a gap referred to below as the axial gap adjacent to each other. In addition, both the circumferential gaps and the axial gaps are sealed by sealing elements, wherein the sealing elements sealing the axial gaps have a different distance to the supporting structure than the sealing elements sealing the circumferential gap.

Der Hitzeschild basiert auf den Folgenden Beobachtungen und Erkenntnissen:

  • Die für das Auskleiden axialsymmetrischer Brennkammern, wie etwa Ringbrennkammern von Gasturbinen, oder Flammrohren zur Anwendung kommenden Hitzeschilde weisen Hitzeschildelemente auf, die an zwei Umfangsflächen mit Nuten versehen sind. In die Nuten dieser Umfangsflächen greifen Eingriffsabschnitte von Haltelementen ein, um die Hitzeschildelemente in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur zu fixieren. In Axialrichtung sind die Hitzeschildelemente entweder nicht fixiert oder das Fixieren erfolgt, wie in DE 41 14 768 A1 beschrieben, mittels Stützelementen statt mittels in Nuten eingreifender Eingriffsabschnitte. Die Hitzeschildelemente weisen daher an ihren in Axialrichtung aneinandergrenzenden Umfangsflächen keine Nuten auf. Das Einlegen von Dichtelementen, wie sie in EP 1 302 723 A1 beschrieben sind, ist daher nur zwischen in Umfangsrichtung aneinandergrenzenden Umfangsflächen möglich, d.h. es können mit derartigen Dichtungen nur Umfangsspalte abgedichtet werden. Entsprechend werden bisher auch nur Dichtelemente im Umfangsspalte eingesetzt.
The heat shield is based on the following observations and findings:
  • The heat shields used for lining axially symmetric combustion chambers, such as annular combustion chambers of gas turbines, or flame tubes have heat shield elements which are provided with grooves on two peripheral surfaces. In the grooves of these peripheral surfaces engage engaging portions of holding elements to fix the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure. In the axial direction, the heat shield elements are either not fixed or fixing done as in DE 41 14 768 A1 described by means of support elements instead of engaging in grooves engaging portions. The heat shield elements therefore have no grooves on their peripheral surfaces adjacent to one another in the axial direction. The insertion of sealing elements, as in EP 1 302 723 A1 are therefore only possible between circumferentially adjacent peripheral surfaces, ie it can be sealed with such seals only circumferential gaps. Accordingly, so far only sealing elements are used in the circumferential gap.

Wenn auch die Axialspalte mit Dichtelementen abgedichtet werden sollen, könnten die Nuten in den in Axialrichtung aneinandergrenzenden Umfangsflächen weitergeführt werden. In die Axialspalte könnten dann analog zu den Umfangsspalten Dichtelemente eingesetzt werden. An den Schnittpunkten der Axialspalte mit den Umfangsspalten bleiben undichte Abschnitte zurück, durch die ein Kühlfluid gezielt in den Brennraum ausströmen kann.Although the axial gaps are to be sealed with sealing elements, the grooves could be continued in the axially adjacent circumferential surfaces. In the axial gaps could then be used analogous to the circumferential gaps sealing elements. At the intersections of the axial gaps with the circumferential gaps remain leaky sections back, through which a cooling fluid can flow selectively into the combustion chamber.

Das Anordnen der Dichtelemente für die Axialspalte und die Umfangsspalte in verschiednen Abständen zur Tragstruktur ermöglicht es, die Dichtelemente überlappend anzuordnen. So werden die Schnittpunkte zwischen Axial- und Umfangsspalten wirkungsvoller abgedichtet, was ein Verringern des Kühlfluidbedarfs ermöglicht.The arrangement of the sealing elements for the axial gaps and the circumferential gaps at different distances from the support structure makes it possible to arrange the sealing elements overlapping. Thus, the intersections between axial and circumferential gaps are more effectively sealed, allowing for a reduction in the cooling fluid requirement.

Insbesondere können die Dichtelemente, welche die Axialspalte abdichten, zwischen der Tragstruktur und den Hitzeschildelementen angeordnet sein. Auf eine Nut in den zweiten Umfangsflächen kann dann auch weiterhin verzichtet werden.In particular, the sealing elements, which seal the axial gaps, can be arranged between the supporting structure and the heat shield elements. On a groove in the second peripheral surfaces can then be waived continue.

Außerdem ermöglicht erst die Anordnung der Dichtelemente in verschiedenen Abständen zur Tragstruktur die servicegerechte Montage und Demontage der Bauteile.In addition, only allows the arrangement of the sealing elements at different distances from the support structure, the service-friendly assembly and disassembly of the components.

In einer Ausgestaltung umfasst der Hitzeschild eine Anzahl von Elementhaltern, welche die Hitzeschildelemente an der Tragstruktur sowohl in Umfangsrichtung als auch in Axialrichtung fixieren.In one embodiment, the heat shield comprises a number of element holders, which the heat shield elements on the Fix support structure both in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction.

Neben den Dichtungen sind auch die Spaltmaße des Hitzeschildes für die zur Kühlung erforderliche Menge an Kühlfluid von Bedeutung. Je breiter die Spalte sind, desto mehr Kühlfluid ist notwendig, um die Spalte wirkungsvoll gegen das in der Brennkammer vorhandene heiße Medium abzusperren.In addition to the seals, the gap dimensions of the heat shield are of importance for the amount of cooling fluid required for cooling. The wider the gaps, the more cooling fluid is necessary to effectively shut off the gaps against the hot medium present in the combustion chamber.

Die Hitzeschilde werden im Betrieb der Brennkammer außer einer hohen thermischen Belastung teilweise auch mechanischen Belastungen durch Vibrationen ausgesetzt. Wenn die Hitzeschildelemente in Axialrichtung der Tragstruktur nicht fixiert sind, können sie sich insbesondere unter einer derartigen mechanischen Belastung axial verschieben. Ein derartiges Verschieben führt jedoch bei axialsymmetrischen, insbesondere bei kegelförmigen, Brennräumen oder Flammrohren zu Veränderungen der Axialspalte sowie der Umfangsspalte zwischen den Hitzeschildelementen. Wenn sich die Hitzeschildelemente auf der Tragstruktur verschieben, können sich die Spalte zwischen ihnen verkleinern oder vergrößern, was zu einem ungleichförmigen Ausströmen des Kühlfluids und zu ungleichmäßigen Temperaturgradienten in den Spalten führt. Um die Spalte unter Berücksichtigung aller Spalttoleranzen unter allen Betriebsbedingungen zu sperren, ist daher ein erhöhter Kühlfluidbedarf gegeben. Insbesondere das Berücksichtigen vergrößerter Spalte erhöht den Bedarf an Kühlfluid. Zudem ist bei fehlender axialer Fixierung der Hitzeschutzelemente bei der Montage aufgrund ihrer nicht genau definierten Axialposition eine individuelle Nacharbeit nötig, welche die Montagezeit verlängert.The heat shields are exposed during operation of the combustion chamber in addition to a high thermal load partly mechanical stress due to vibrations. If the heat shield elements are not fixed in the axial direction of the support structure, they can move axially, in particular under such a mechanical load. Such displacement, however, leads to changes in the axial gaps and the circumferential gaps between the heat shield elements in axially symmetrical, in particular conical, combustion chambers or flame tubes. As the heat shield elements move on the support structure, the gaps between them may decrease or increase, resulting in non-uniform leakage of the cooling fluid and uneven temperature gradients in the gaps. In order to lock the column taking into account all gap tolerances under all operating conditions, therefore, an increased cooling fluid requirement is given. In particular, considering enlarged gaps increases the need for cooling fluid. In addition, an individual rework is necessary in the absence of axial fixation of the heat protection elements during assembly due to their not exactly defined axial position, which extends the assembly time.

Mittels der axialen Fixierung lässt sich ein Verschieben der Hitzeschildelemente wirkungsvoll unterdrücken, so dass beim Ermitteln des Kühlfluidbedarfs kleinere Spalttoleranzen angenommen werden können, wodurch der Kühlfluidbedarf geringer angesetzt werden kann. Insbesondere in Kombination mit sowohl in Axial- als auch in Umfangsspalten angeordneten Dichtungen lässt sich so der Bedarf an Kühlfluid deutlich verringern. Die axiale Fixierung führt darüber hinaus auch zu gleichmäßigeren Temperaturgradienten an den Hitzeschildelementen und zu gleichmäßigeren Wärmespannungen. Dadurch entstehen bei thermischer Belastung der Hitzeschildelemente weniger bzw. kürzere Risse, weswegen die Austauschrate der Hitzeschildelemente sinkt und die Inspektionsintervalle verlängert werden können. Schließlich kann mittels der axialen Fixierung die für das Anpassen der Spalttoleranzen beim Neubau und bei der Wartung eines Hitzeschildes benötigte Montagezeit verkürzt werden.By means of the axial fixation, a displacement of the heat shield elements can be effectively suppressed, so that smaller gap tolerances can be assumed when determining the cooling fluid requirement, whereby the cooling fluid requirement can be set lower. In particular, in combination with seals arranged in both axial and circumferential gaps, the need for cooling fluid can thus be significantly reduced. The axial fixation also leads to more uniform temperature gradients on the heat shield elements and to more uniform thermal stresses. As a result, under thermal stress of the heat shield elements less or shorter cracks, so the exchange rate of the heat shield elements decreases and the inspection intervals can be extended. Finally, by means of the axial fixation, the assembly time required for adjusting the gap tolerances in new construction and in the maintenance of a heat shield can be shortened.

In einer ersten Variante des Hitzeschildes mit axialer Fixierung der Hitzeschildelemente umfasst der Hitzeschild erste Elementhalter zum Fixieren der Hitzeschildelemente in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur und zweite Elementhalter zum Fixieren der Hitzeschildelemente in Axialrichtung der Tragstruktur. Die zweiten Elementhalter sind dabei gleichzeitig zum Halten der Dichtelemente in den Axialspalten ausgebildet. Dadurch, dass die zweiten Elementhalter auch das Dichtelement halten, kann auf ein zusätzliches Haltelement, wie es bei der axialen Fixierung nach dem in der DE 41 14 768 A1 beschriebenen Stand der Technik zum Halten eines Dichtelementes nötig wäre, verzichtet werden.In a first variant of the heat shield with axial fixation of the heat shield elements, the heat shield comprises first element holder for fixing the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure and second element holder for fixing the heat shield elements in the axial direction of the support structure. The second element holders are formed at the same time for holding the sealing elements in the axial gaps. Due to the fact that the second element holders also hold the sealing element, it is possible to use an additional holding element, as in the case of the axial fixation according to the method of FIG DE 41 14 768 A1 described prior art for holding a sealing element would be necessary to be waived.

In einer ohne großen technischen Aufwand zu realisierenden Ausgestaltung dieser Variante weist die Tragstruktur sich in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur erstreckende Umfangsnuten auf. Die zweiten Elementhalter sind als mit einer Klammeröffnung und einem der Klammeröffnung abgewandten Klammerabschnitt versehene Klammern ausgebildet, wobei die Klammern mit dem der Klammeröffnung abgewandten Klammerabschnitt derart in eine Umfangsnut der Tragstruktur eingesetzt sind, dass mindestens ein Teil der Klammer zum Eingriff in eine Aussparung eines Hitzeschildelementes über die Umfangsnut übersteht und so als axiale Fixierung des Hitzeschildelementes dient. Die Dichtelemente sind dabei in die Klammern eingelegt.In an embodiment of this variant which can be realized without great technical effort, the support structure has peripheral grooves extending in the circumferential direction of the support structure. The second element holders are designed as staples provided with a staple opening and a staple portion facing away from the staple opening, the staples having the staple portion facing away from the staple opening being inserted into a circumferential groove of the support structure such that at least a portion of the staple engages a recess of a heat shield member the circumferential groove protrudes and serves as an axial fixation of the heat shield element. The sealing elements are inserted in the brackets.

Um einen sicheren Halt der Dichtung in der Klammeröffnung zu gewährleisten, kann die Klammer außerdem Eingriffselemente zum Eingriff in ein in die Klammer eingelegtes Dichtelement aufweisen.In order to ensure a secure hold of the seal in the clamp opening, the clip can also engagement elements have to engage in a loaded in the clamp sealing element.

In einer zweiten Variante des Hitzeschildes mit axialer Fixierung der Hitzeschildelemente umfassen die Hitzeschildelemente jeweils eine der Tragstruktur abgewandte Heißseite, die geeignet ist, einem heißen Medium ausgesetzt zu werden, eine der Tragstruktur zugewandte Kaltseite und eine Anzahl die Heißseite mit der Kaltseite verbindende Umfangsflächen. An zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten weist ein Hitzeschildelement erste Umfangsflächen auf, die jeweils in Axialrichtung der Tragstruktur an eine entsprechende erste Umfangsfläche eines benachbarten Hitzeschildelementes unter Belassung eines Axialspaltes angrenzen. Im Bereich der Kanten zwischen der Kaltseite und den ersten Umfangsflächen sind Aussparungen vorhanden, die im Zusammenwirken mit der Aussparung der jeweiligen in Axialrichtung gegenüberliegenden Umfangsfläche des benachbarten Hitzeschildelementes eine in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur verlaufende Aufnahme für ein Dichtelement oder mehrere Dichtelemente bilden. Außerdem weist das Hitzeschildelement an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten zweite Umfangsflächen auf, die in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur jeweils an eine entsprechende zweite Umfangsfläche eines benachbarten Hitzeschildelementes unter Belassung eines Umfangsspaltes angrenzen. Die Elementhalter greifen zum Fixieren der Hitzeschildelemente in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur in die zweiten Umfangsflächen der Hitzeschildelemente ein, wobei die zweiten Umfangsflächen mit Sicherungsabschnitten ausgestattet sind, die ein Verschiebenb der Hitzeschildelemente relativ zu den Elementhaltern entlang der zweiten Umfangsflächen verhindern.In a second variant of the heat shield with axial fixation of the heat shield elements, the heat shield elements each comprise a hot side facing away from the support structure, which is suitable for being exposed to a hot medium, a cold side facing the support structure, and a number of circumferential surfaces connecting the hot side to the cold side. On two opposite sides, a heat shield element has first circumferential surfaces, each of which adjoins a corresponding first peripheral surface of an adjacent heat shield element in the axial direction of the support structure, leaving an axial gap. In the region of the edges between the cold side and the first peripheral surfaces recesses are provided which form in cooperation with the recess of the respective axially opposite circumferential surface of the adjacent heat shield element extending in the circumferential direction of the support structure receptacle for a sealing element or a plurality of sealing elements. In addition, the heat shield element has, on two opposite sides, second circumferential surfaces which in the circumferential direction of the support structure each adjoin a corresponding second peripheral surface of an adjacent heat shield element, leaving a circumferential gap. The element holders engage the second peripheral surfaces of the heat shield elements to fix the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure, the second peripheral surfaces being provided with securing portions which prevent displacement of the heat shield elements relative to the element holders along the second peripheral surfaces.

In der soeben beschriebenen Variante übernehmen die Elementhalter, welche die Hitzeschildelemente in Umfangsrichtung fixieren auch das Fixieren in Axialrichtung. Es werden zusätzlich zu den ohnehin zum Fixieren der Hitzeschildelemente in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur vorhandenen Elementhaltern keine zusätzliche Elementhalter benötigt. Nur die Sicherungsabschnitte müssen in die Hitzeschildelemente eingearbeitet werden, was lediglich eine geringfügige Änderung gegenüber dem Design der bisher verwendeten Hitzeschildelemente darstellt.In the variant just described, the element holders, which fix the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction, also take over the fixing in the axial direction. In addition to the element holders present anyway for fixing the heat shield elements in the circumferential direction of the support structure, no additional element holders are required. Only the security sections must be incorporated into the heat shield elements, which represents only a slight change from the design of the previously used heat shield elements.

In einer Ausgestaltung der zweiten Variante weisen die zweiten Umfangsflächen Nuten auf, in welche Eingriffsabschnitte der Elementhalter eingreifen und in denen Stege derart angeordnet sind, dass sie in axialer Richtung der Tragstruktur einen Anschlag für die Eingriffsabschnitte der Elementhalter bilden. Somit bilden die Stege die Sicherungsabschnitte, die eine Verschiebung der Elementhalter entlang der zweiten Umfangsflächen verhindern.In an embodiment of the second variant, the second circumferential surfaces have grooves, in which engagement portions of the element holders engage and in which webs are arranged such that they form a stop for the engagement portions of the element holder in the axial direction of the support structure. Thus, the webs form the securing portions which prevent displacement of the element holders along the second peripheral surfaces.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Hitzeschildelement zur Befestigung an einer Tragstruktur umfasst eine einer Tragstruktur abzuwendende Heißseite, die geeignet ist, einem heißen Medium ausgesetzt zu werden, eine der Tragstruktur zuzuwendende Kaltseite und eine Anzahl die Heißseite mit der Kaltseite verbindende Umfangsflächen, die zum Angrenzen an Umfangsflächen von in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur unter Belassung des Umfangsspaltes benachbart anzubringender Hitzeschildelemente vorgesehen sind und Nuten zum Eingriff durch Eingriffsabschnitte von Elementhaltern, welche das Hitzeschildelement an der Tragstruktur halten, aufweisen. In jeder Nut ist mindestens ein Steg angeordnet, der einen Anschlag für die Eingriffsabschnitte der Elementhalter bildet. Ein derartig ausgebildetes Hitzeschildelement lässt sich mit den bisher zum Fixieren in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur gebräuchlichen Elementhaltern auch in Axialrichtung fixieren. Es eignet sich insbesondere zur Verwendung in einem Hitzeschild gemäß der zweiten Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildes mit axialer Fixierung der Hitzeschildelemente.A heat shield member according to the invention for attachment to a support structure comprises a hot side facing a support structure adapted to be exposed to a hot medium, a cold side facing the support structure, and a number of peripheral surfaces connecting the hot side to the cold side and abutting circumferentially circumferentially the support structure are provided leaving the circumferential gap adjacent to heat shield elements to be attached and having grooves for engagement by engaging portions of element holders holding the heat shield element to the support structure. In each groove, at least one web is arranged, which forms a stop for the engagement portions of the element holder. A heat shield element designed in this way can also be fixed in the axial direction with the element holders that were previously used for fixing in the circumferential direction of the support structure. It is particularly suitable for use in a heat shield according to the second variant of the heat shield according to the invention with axial fixation of the heat shield elements.

Der mindestens eine Steg erstreckt sich in einer ersten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes in Richtung von der Kaltseite zur Heißseite nur durch einen Teil der Nutprofils. Dadurch wird das Einlegen der bisher üblichen Dichtelemente in die Nut nicht wesentlich gestört. Alternativ kann sich der mindestens eine Steg in Richtung von der Kaltseite zur Heißseite auch durch das gesamte Nutprofil erstrecken. In dieser Ausgestaltung ist zwar eine Änderung der in die Nut einzulegenden Dichtelemente nötig, jedoch erhöht ein durchgehender Steg die Festigkeit des Hitzeschildelementes, insbesondere im Bereich der Nut.The at least one web extends in a first embodiment of the heat shield element according to the invention in the direction of the cold side to the hot side only by a part of the groove profile. This will be the insertion of the usual Sealing elements in the groove not significantly disturbed. Alternatively, the at least one web can also extend in the direction from the cold side to the hot side through the entire groove profile. Although a change in the sealing elements to be inserted into the groove is necessary in this embodiment, a continuous web increases the strength of the heat shield element, in particular in the region of the groove.

Ein Halteelement mit einem zum Eingriff in Nuten von Hitzeschildelementen ausgebildeten Eingriffsabschnitt weist an dem Eingriffsabschnitt mindestens ein Flächenelement auf, dessen Flächennormale bei Eingriff in die Nut in Ausdehnungsrichtung der Nut verläuft. Das Haltelement stellt eine vergrößerte Anschlagsfläche zum Anschlagen an die in den Nuten angeordneten Stege zur Verfügung und kann so eine sichere axiale Fixierung des Hitzeschildelementes gewährleisten.A retaining element with an engaging portion designed to engage in grooves of heat shield elements has at the engagement portion at least one surface element, the surface normal of which extends in engagement with the groove in the extension direction of the groove. The holding element provides an enlarged abutment surface for abutment with the webs arranged in the grooves and can thus ensure a secure axial fixation of the heat shield element.

Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden detaillierten Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes Beispiel für den Hitzeschild in einer schematischen Schnittansicht.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt eine Halteklammer des ersten Beispiels.
  • Fig. 3 zeigt die Halteklammer aus Fig. 2 im in eine Nut der Tragstruktur eingesetzten Zustand.
  • Fig. 4 zeigt ein zweites Beispiel für den Hitzeschild.
  • Fig. 4a zeigt eine Abwandlung des in Fig. 4 dargestellten zweiten Beispiels.
  • Fig. 5 zeigt einen Elementhalter im Eingriff in die Nut eines erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes.
  • Fig. 6 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für ein erfindungsgemäßes Hitzeschildelement.
  • Fig. 7 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für ein erfindungsgemäßes Hitzeschildelement.
  • Fig. 8 zeigt ein erstes Beispiel für einen Elementhalter zum fixieren eines erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes.
  • Fig. 9 zeigt ein zweites Beispiel für einen Elementhalter zum fixieren eines erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes.
  • Fig. 10 zeigt ein drittes Beispiel für einen Elementhalter zum fixieren eines erfindungsgemäßen Hitzeschildelementes.
Further features, characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first example of the heat shield in a schematic sectional view.
  • Fig. 2 shows a retaining clip of the first example.
  • Fig. 3 shows the retaining clip Fig. 2 in the inserted into a groove of the support structure state.
  • Fig. 4 shows a second example of the heat shield.
  • Fig. 4a shows a modification of the in Fig. 4 illustrated second example.
  • Fig. 5 shows an element holder in engagement with the groove of a heat shield element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows a first embodiment of a heat shield element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment of a heat shield element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 8 shows a first example of an element holder for fixing a heat shield element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 9 shows a second example of an element holder for fixing a heat shield element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 10 shows a third example of an element holder for fixing a heat shield element according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt als ein erstes Beispiel für den Hitzeschild einen Ausschnitt aus einem axialsymmetrischen Hitzeschild für eine Ringbrennkammer einer Gasturbine. In der Figur sind zwei keramische Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 dargestellt, die an einer axialsymmetrischen Tragstruktur 3 fixiert sind und in Axialrichtung A der Tragstruktur 3 aneinandergrenzen. Um die thermische Ausdehnung der Hitzeschildelemente 1,2 beim Betrieb der Gasturbinenbrennkammer nicht zu behindern, sind die Hitzeschildelemente derart angeordnet, dass zwischen zwei Hitzeschildelementen 1, 2 jeweils ein kleiner Spalt verbleibt. Würden die Hitzeschildelemente aufgrund der Wärmeausdehnung aneinanderstoßen, so könnte dies zu Spannungen in den Hitzeschildelementen 1, 2 und damit zu einem früheren Verschleiß oder sogar zum Bruch eines Hitzeschildelementes 1, 2 führen. FIG. 1 shows as a first example of the heat shield, a section of an axisymmetric heat shield for an annular combustion chamber of a gas turbine. In the figure, two ceramic heat shield elements 1, 2 are shown, which are fixed to an axisymmetric support structure 3 and adjoin one another in the axial direction A of the support structure 3. In order not to hinder the thermal expansion of the heat shield elements 1, 2 during operation of the gas turbine combustion chamber, the heat shield elements are arranged such that a small gap remains between two heat shield elements 1, 2. Would the heat shield elements abut each other due to the thermal expansion, this could lead to stresses in the heat shield elements 1, 2 and thus to a previous wear or even breakage of a heat shield element 1, 2.

Die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 besitzen jeweils eine dem Inneren der Brennkammer zugewandte hitzebeständige Heißseite 4, die im Betrieb der Gasturbine dem heißen Gas in der Gasturbinenbrennkammer ausgesetzt ist, und eine der Tragstruktur 3 zugewandte Kaltseite 5. Zwischen den Heißseiten 4 und den Kaltseiten 5 weisen die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 jeweils vier Umfangsflächen 6, 7 auf, mit denen die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 an benachbarte Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 angrenzen. Diejenigen Umfangsflächen 6, mit denen die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur 3 aneinandergrenzen weisen Nuten 8 auf, in welche Eingriffsabschnitte von Elementhaltern eingreifen können, um die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur 3 zu fixieren.The heat shield elements 1, 2 each have a heat-resistant hot side 4 facing the interior of the combustion chamber, which is exposed during operation of the gas turbine to the hot gas in the gas turbine combustion chamber, and one of the support structure 3 facing cold side 5. Between the hot sides 4 and the cold sides 5, the heat shield elements 1, 2 each have four peripheral surfaces 6, 7, with which the heat shield elements 1, 2 adjacent to adjacent heat shield elements 1, 2. Those circumferential surfaces 6 with which the heat shield elements 1, 2 adjoin one another in the circumferential direction of the support structure 3 have grooves 8 into which engagement sections of element holders can engage in order to fix the heat shield elements 1, 2 in the circumferential direction of the support structure 3.

Ein Elementhalter 25, wie er im vorliegenden Beispiel zum Fixieren der Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 Verwendung findet, ist in Fig. 8 dargestellt. Der Elementhalter 25 weist einen als Eingriffslasche 26 ausgebildeten Eingriffsabschnitt zum Eingreifen in die Nut 8 eines Hitzeschildelementes 1, 2 sowie eine Befestigungslasche 27, mit deren Hilfe der Elementhalter 25 an der Tragstruktur 3 befestigt werden kann, auf. Zum Fixieren der Elementhalter 25 an der Tragstruktur 3 weist diese in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Profilnuten 9 auf, in denen die Befestigungslaschen 27 der Elementhalter 25 bspw. mittels Schrauben an der Tragstruktur 3 fixiert werden können. Ein entsprechender Halter sowie seine Befestigung in der Profilnut der Tragstruktur ist auch in der EP 0 558 540 beschrieben, auf die bezüglich der weiteren Ausgestaltung sowie des Befestigens des Elementhalters Bezug genommen wird.An element holder 25, as used in the present example for fixing the heat shield elements 1, 2, is in Fig. 8 shown. The element holder 25 has an engaging portion 26 designed as engagement tab for engaging in the groove 8 of a heat shield element 1, 2 and a fastening tab 27, by means of which the element holder 25 can be attached to the support structure 3, on. For fixing the element holder 25 to the support structure 3, this has profile grooves 9 extending in the circumferential direction, in which the attachment lugs 27 of the element holder 25 can be fixed to the support structure 3 by means of screws, for example. A corresponding holder and its attachment in the profile of the support structure is also in the EP 0 558 540 to which reference is made with respect to the further embodiment and the fastening of the element holder.

In die Nuten 8 der Haltelemente 1, 2 werden außerdem Dichtelemente 33, bspw. Keramikdichtungen, eingelegt, um die Umfangsspalte zwischen zwei in Umfangsrichtung aneinandergrenzenden Hitzeschildelementen abzudichten.In the grooves 8 of the holding elements 1, 2 are also sealing elements 33, for example. Ceramic seals, inserted to seal the circumferential gap between two adjacent in the circumferential direction of the heat shield elements.

Die in Axialrichtung A der Tragstruktur 3 aneinandergrenzenden Umfangsflächen 7 der Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 weisen keine Nuten auf. Stattdessen weist jedes Hitzeschildelement 1, 2 an seinen axialen Kanten, d.h. den Kanten zwischen den beiden Umfangsflächen 7 und der Kaltseite 5 eines Hitzeschildelementes, erste und zweite Aussparungen 10, 11 auf. In Figur 1 ist jeweils nur eine Aussparung der beiden Hitzeschildelemente zu erkennen.The abutting in the axial direction A of the support structure 3 peripheral surfaces 7 of the heat shield elements 1, 2 have no grooves. Instead, each heat shield element 1, 2 has at its axial edges, ie the edges between the two peripheral surfaces 7 and the cold side 5 of a heat shield element, first and second recesses 10, 11. In FIG. 1 is to recognize only one recess of the two heat shield elements.

Die erste Aussparung 10 dient sowohl zum Aufnehmen eines Teils einer Klammer 12, die in Figur 2 vergrößert dargestellt ist, als auch zum Aufnehmen eines Teils eines in die Klammer 12 eingelegten und von dieser gehaltenen Dichtelementes 13 zum Abdichten des Axialspaltes zwischen den Hitzeschildelementen 1, 2. Die zweite Aussparung 11 dient hingegen nur zum Aufnehmen eines Teils des Dichtelementes 13. Die Dichtelemente können insbesondere als vorzugsweise keramische Schlauchelemente ausgebildet sein.The first recess 10 serves both for receiving a part of a clamp 12, which in FIG. 2 is shown enlarged, as well as for receiving a part of an inserted into the bracket 12 and held by this sealing element 13 for sealing the axial gap between the heat shield elements 1, 2. The second recess 11, however, serves only to receive a portion of the sealing element 13. The sealing elements may be formed in particular as preferably ceramic hose elements.

Die Klammer 12, die vorzugsweise aus einem elastischen Material, bspw. Stahl, hergestellt ist, weist eine Klammeröffnung 14 sowie einen der Klammeröffnung abgewandten Steg 15 auf (siehe Fig. 2). Vom Steg 15 weg erstrecken sich ein erster Klammerabschnitt 16 und ein zweiter Klammerabschnitt 17, die gemeinsam die Klammeröffnung 14 begrenzen. Dabei schließen der erste Klammerabschnitt 16 und der Steg 15 im wesentlichen einen Winkel von 90° ein, während der zweite Klammerabschnitt 17 und der Steg 15 einen Winkel einschließen, der größer als 90° ist. Am vom Steg 15 entfernten Ende des zweiten Klammerabschnittes 17 sind zackenartige, in Richtung auf den ersten Klammerabschnitt 16 vorspringende Vorsprünge 18 angeordnet, welche zum Eingriff in ein in die Klammer 12 eingelegtes Dichtelement 13 vorgesehen sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Spitzen der zackenartigen Vorsprünge 18 abgerundet, um ein Beschädigen des Dichtelementes 13 zu vermeiden.The clip 12, which is preferably made of an elastic material, eg. Steel, has a clip opening 14 and a web 15 facing away from the clip opening (see Fig. 2 ). From the web 15, a first clip portion 16 and a second clip portion 17 extend, which together define the clip opening 14. In this case, the first clip portion 16 and the web 15 substantially at an angle of 90 °, while the second bracket portion 17 and the web 15 include an angle which is greater than 90 °. At the end remote from the web 15 of the second clip portion 17 are jagged, projecting in the direction of the first clip portion 16 protrusions 18 are arranged, which are provided for engagement in an inserted into the clip 12 sealing element 13. Preferably, the tips of the serrated projections 18 are rounded to avoid damaging the sealing element 13.

Die Klammern 12 werden mit ihrem der Klammeröffnung 14 abgewandten Ende in eine in der Tragstruktur 13 ausgebildete Umfangsnut 19 derart eingelegt, dass der Steg 15 am Nutboden 20 anliegt. Der zweite Klammerabschnitt wird dabei durch die Nutwand 21 in Richtung auf den ersten Klammerabschnitt 16 gedrückt, wodurch die Klammer 12 unter Vorspannung in der Nut 19 gehalten wird. Außerdem greifen die zackenartigen Vorsprünge 18 dabei in ein in die Klammer 12 eingelegtes Dichtelement 13 (in Fig. 3 nicht dargestellt) ein, so dass dieses von der Klammer 12 gehalten wird.The clamps 12 are inserted with their clamp opening 14 facing away from the end in a formed in the support structure 13 circumferential groove 19 such that the web 15 rests on the groove bottom 20. The second clip portion is thereby pressed by the groove wall 21 in the direction of the first clip portion 16, whereby the clip 12 is held under bias in the groove 19. In addition, the serrated projections 18 engage in an inserted into the clamp 12 sealing element 13 (in Fig. 3 not shown), so that it is held by the clamp 12.

Wenn die Klammer 12 in die Umfangsnut 19 eingesetzt ist, so steht der erste Klammerabschnitt 16 über die Umfangsnut 19 vor, wohingegen der zweite Klammerabschnitt 17 vollständig innerhalb der Umfangsnut 19 angeordnet ist. Wenn die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 anschließend an der Tragstruktur 3 befestigt werden, dann greift der über die Umfangsnut 19 vorstehende Teil des ersten Klammerabschnittes 16 in die erste Aussparung 10 des Hitzeschildelementes 1 ein (siehe Fig. 1) und fixiert dieses dadurch gegen Verschieben in Axialrichtung A der Tragstruktur 3. Die Klammer 12 dient daher gleichzeitig als Halterung für das Dichtelement 13 und als Halteelement zum axialen Fixieren des Hitzeschildelementes 1. Da die erste Aussparung 10 sowohl den ersten Klammerabschnitt 16 als auch einen Teil des Dichtelementes 13 aufzunehmen hat, weist sie in Axialrichtung A der Tragstruktur eine größere Abmessung auf als die zweite Aussparung 11, die lediglich einen Teil des Dichtelementes aufzunehmen hat.When the clip 12 is inserted into the circumferential groove 19, the first clip portion 16 protrudes beyond the circumferential groove 19, whereas the second clip portion 17 is completely disposed within the circumferential groove 19. If the heat shield elements 1, 2 are subsequently fastened to the support structure 3, then the part of the first clamp section 16 protruding beyond the circumferential groove 19 engages in the first recess 10 of the heat shield element 1 (see FIG Fig. 1 The clip 12 therefore serves at the same time as a holder for the sealing element 13 and as a holding element for axially fixing the heat shield element 1. Since the first recess 10 both the first clip portion 16 and a part has to absorb the sealing element 13, it has a larger dimension in the axial direction A of the support structure than the second recess 11, which has to receive only a part of the sealing element.

Dadurch, dass das Dichtelement 13 einen anderen Abstand zur Tragstruktur 3 als die in die Nuten 8 der Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 eingelegten Dichtelemente 33 aufweist, können sich alle Dichtelemente bis an den Rand des entsprechenden Hitzeschildelementes oder ggf. sogar darüber hinaus erstrecken, ohne dass sie sich gegenseitig behindern. Somit können insbesondere auch die Kreuzungspunkte von Umfangs- und Axialspalten wirksam abgedichtet werden.Because the sealing element 13 has a different distance to the support structure 3 than the sealing elements 33 inserted into the grooves 8 of the heat shield elements 1, 2, all sealing elements can extend to the edge of the corresponding heat shield element or even beyond, without them hinder each other. Thus, in particular, the crossing points of circumferential and axial gaps can be effectively sealed.

Ein zweites Beispiel für den Hitzeschild ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Im zweiten Beispiel sind Strukturen, die auch im ersten Beispiel vorhanden sind, mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen. Im Unterschied zum in Fig. 1 dargestellten Dichtelement 13 des ersten Beispiels ist das Dichtelement 22 im zweiten Beispiel nicht mittels einer Klammer 12 in eine Umfangsnut 19 der Tragstruktur 3 eingesetzt. Stattdessen liegt es auf der Tragstruktur 3 auf. Optional kann es außerdem an der Tragstruktur 3 mittels geeigneter Befestigungselemente, wie etwa mit der Tragstruktur 3 zu verschraubende oder anderweitig zu fixierende Bügel, befestigt sein. Wie im ersten Beispiel weisen die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 an ihren axialen Kanten Aussparungen 23 zum Aufnehmen eines Teils des Dichtelementes 22 auf. Im Gegensatz zum ersten Beispiel unterscheiden sich die Aussparungen 23 an den beiden axialen Kanten eines Hitzeschildelementes jedoch nicht in ihren Abmessungen.A second example of the heat shield is in Fig. 4 shown. In the second example, structures which are also present in the first example are provided with the same reference numerals. Unlike in Fig. 1 illustrated sealing element 13 of the first example, the sealing element 22 is not used in the second example by means of a clamp 12 in a circumferential groove 19 of the support structure 3. Instead it lies on the support structure 3. Optionally, it can also be attached to the support structure 3 by means of suitable fastening elements, such as with the support structure 3 to be screwed or otherwise to be fixed bracket. As in the first example, the heat shield elements 1, 2 have at their axial edges recesses 23 for receiving a portion of the sealing element 22. In contrast to the first example, however, the recesses 23 on the two axial edges of a heat shield element do not differ in their dimensions.

Eine Abwandlung dieses Beispiels ist in Fig. 4a dargestellt. Im Unterschied zum in Fig. 4 dargestellten Beispiel sind an den axialen Kanten der Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 keine Aussparungen 23 zur Aufnahme des Dichtelementes 22 vorhanden. Stattdessen weist die Tragstruktur im Bereich der axialen Kanten der Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 eine weitere in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Nut 23a zum Aufnehmen eines den Spalt zwischen den Hitzeschildelementen 1, 2 dichtenden Dichtelementes 22a auf.A variation of this example is in Fig. 4a shown. Unlike in Fig. 4 shown example, no recesses 23 for receiving the sealing element 22 are present at the axial edges of the heat shield elements 1, 2. Instead, the support structure in the region of the axial edges of the heat shield elements 1, 2 has a further circumferentially extending groove 23a for receiving a sealing element 22a sealing the gap between the heat shield elements 1, 2.

Da im zweiten Beispiel keine das Dichtelement 22 haltende Klammer vorhanden ist, sind die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 lediglich in Umfangsrichtung der Tragstruktur 3 durch die in die Nut 8 eingreifenden Elementhalter fixiert. Falls die Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 auch in Axialrichtung der Tragstruktur 3 fixiert werden sollen, so kann dies in einer erfindungsgemäßen Abwandlung des zweiten Beispiels dadurch erreicht werden, dass in den Nuten 8 der Hitzeschildelemente 1, 2 Stege 24 angeordnet sind, die einen Anschlag für die in die Nuten 8 eingreifenden Eingriffslaschen 26 der Elementhalter 25 bilden und ein Verschieben des Hitzeschildelementes in Axialrichtung A der Tragstruktur 3 relativ zum Elementhalter 25 und damit auch relativ zur Tragstruktur 3 verhindern (siehe Fig. 5 und Fig. 6). Insbesondere, wenn zu beiden Seiten der Stege 24 Eingriffslaschen 26 von Elementhaltern 25 in die Nut 8 eingreifen, ist das Hitzeschildelement gegen axiales Verschieben gesichert.Since in the second example no clamp holding the sealing element 22 is present, the heat shield elements 1, 2 are fixed only in the circumferential direction of the support structure 3 by the element holders engaging in the groove 8. If the heat shield elements 1, 2 are to be fixed in the axial direction of the support structure 3, this can be achieved in a modification of the second example according to the invention, that in the grooves 8 of the heat shield elements 1, 2 webs 24 are arranged, which is a stop for the in the grooves 8 engaging engagement plates 26 of the element holder 25 and prevent displacement of the heat shield element in the axial direction A of the support structure 3 relative to the element holder 25 and thus also relative to the support structure 3 (see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 ). In particular, when engage on both sides of the webs 24 engaging tabs 26 of element holders 25 in the groove 8, the heat shield element is secured against axial displacement.

Beim in den Figuren 5 und 6 dargestellten Hitzeschildelement erstreckt sich der Steg 24 durch den gesamten Nutquerschnitt, wodurch eine große Anschlagsfläche 29 zur Verfügung steht und die Stabilität des Hitzeschildelementes 1, insbesondere seiner Umfangsfläche 6, erhöht wird. Jedoch erfordert ein derart großer Steg 24 ein Anpassen der Form der in die Nut 8 einzulegenden Dichtelemente 33.When in the Figures 5 and 6 illustrated heat shield element, the web 24 extends through the entire groove cross-section, whereby a large stop surface 29 is available and the stability of the heat shield element 1, in particular its peripheral surface 6, is increased. However, such a large web 24 requires adjusting the shape of the sealing elements 33 to be inserted into the groove 8.

Eine alternative Ausgestaltung des Steges ist in Fig. 7 dargestellt. In dieser Ausgestaltung erstreckt sich der Steg 28 lediglich durch einen kleinen Teil des Nutprofils 8, so dass genügend Platz zum einlegen des Dichtelementes 33 in der Nut 8 verbleibt. Eine Änderung der Form der in die Nut 8 einzulegenden Dichtelemente 33 ist in dieser Ausgestaltung nicht nötig.An alternative embodiment of the bridge is in Fig. 7 shown. In this embodiment, the web 28 extends only through a small part of the groove profile 8, so that sufficient space for inserting the sealing element 33 remains in the groove 8. A change in the shape of the inserted into the groove 8 sealing elements 33 is not necessary in this embodiment.

Um die Anschlagsfläche 29, 30, welche der Steg 24, 28 bietet, besser ausnutzen zu können, ist es von Vorteil, wenn eine geringfügige Modifikation an der Eingriffslasche 26 des Elementhalters 25 vorgenommen wird. Beispiele für entsprechende Elementhalter sind in den Figuren 9 und 10 dargestellt.In order to make better use of the abutment surface 29, 30, which the web 24, 28 offers, it is advantageous if a slight modification is made to the engagement lug 26 of the element holder 25. Examples of corresponding element holders are in the FIGS. 9 and 10 shown.

Im in Fig. 9 dargestellten Beispiel für einen Elementhalter 25 weist die Eingriffslasche 26 des Elementhalters 25 an ihrem zum Eingriff in die Nut 8 ausgebildeten Ende eine halbkreisförmige Biegung 31 auf. Durch diese Ausgestaltung steht ein größerer Kantenabschnitt der Eingriffslasche 26 für den Anschlag an der Anschlagsfläche 29, 30 des Steges 24, 28 zur Verfügung.Im in Fig. 9 illustrated example of an element holder 25, the engaging tab 26 of the element holder 25 at its end formed for engaging in the groove 8 has a semicircular bend 31 on. By this configuration, a larger edge portion of the engaging tab 26 is available for the abutment against the abutment surface 29, 30 of the web 24, 28.

Im in Figur 10 dargestellten Beispiel für einen Elementhalter 25 sind an den Flanken der Eingriffslasche 26 Flächenelemente 32 angeordnet, deren Flächennormale beim Eingriff der Eingriffslasche 26 die Nut 8 in Ausdehnungsrichtung der Nut 8 zeigt. Da auch die Flächennormalen der Anschlagsflächen 29, 30 in Ausdehnungsrichtung der Nut 8 zeigen, bilden die Flächenelemente 32 Gegenflächen zum flächigen Anschlagen an die Anschlagsflächen 29, 30 der Stege.Im in FIG. 10 illustrated example of an element holder 25 26 surface elements 32 are arranged on the flanks of the engaging tab, the surface normal during engagement of the engaging tab 26, the groove 8 in the extension direction of the groove 8 shows. Since the surface normal of the stop surfaces 29, 30 in the expansion direction of the groove 8 show form the surface elements 32 mating surfaces for flat abutment against the abutment surfaces 29, 30 of the webs.

An wenigstens einer Seite des Steges 24, 28 erfolgt der Eingriff der Eingriffslasche 26 des eingreifenden Eingriffselementes 25 mit einem kleinen Abstand zu den Anschlagsflächen 29, 30 der Stege 24, 28, um die Wärmeausdehnung der Stege nicht zu behindern. Der Abstand ist dabei aber deutlich kleiner als die Breite des Axialspaltes zwischen zwei Hitzeschildelementen. Wenn die Eingriffslaschen 26 mit einem kleinen Abstand zu den Anschlagsflächen 29, 30 in die Nut 8 eingreifen, kann sich zwar das Hitzeschildelement 1 in Axialrichtung A der Tragstruktur geringfügig axial verschieben, jedoch ist die Strecke dieser möglichen axialen Verschiebung des Hitzeschildelementes 1 deutlich kleiner als die Breite des Axialspaltes, so dass sie die Spalttoleranzen nicht merklich beeinträchtigt. Das Hitzeschildelement soll daher auch dann noch immer als axial fixiert angesehen werden, wenn die Eingriffslaschen 26 mit einem kleinen Abstand zu den Anschlagsflächen 29, 30 in die Nut 8 eingreifen.On at least one side of the web 24, 28 engages the engaging tab 26 of the engaging engagement member 25 with a small distance to the abutment surfaces 29, 30 of the webs 24, 28 so as not to hinder the thermal expansion of the webs. The distance is, however, significantly smaller than the width of the axial gap between two heat shield elements. If the engaging tabs 26 engage with a small distance to the abutment surfaces 29, 30 in the groove 8, although the heat shield element 1 in the axial direction A of the support structure can move slightly axially, but the distance of this possible axial displacement of the heat shield element 1 is significantly smaller than that Width of the axial gap, so that it does not significantly affect the gap tolerances. The heat shield element should therefore still be regarded as axially fixed even if the engaging tabs 26 engage in the groove 8 at a small distance from the abutment surfaces 29, 30.

Die in den Beispielen dargestellten Hitzeschildelemente, Elementhalter sowie die in den Beispielen dargestellte Tragstruktur lassen sich schnell und kostengünstig durch modifizieren der bisher verwendeten Hitzeschildelemente(Einbringen der Aussparungen 10, 11, 23 und/oder Stege 24, 28), Elementhalter (Änderungen an der Eingriffslasche 26) bzw. der bisher verwendeten Tragstruktur (Einbringen der Umfangsnut 19) realisieren.The heat shield elements shown in the examples, element holders and the support structure shown in the examples can be quickly and inexpensively modified by modifying the previously used heat shield elements (insertion of the recesses 10, 11, 23 and / or webs 24, 28), element holder (changes to the engaging tab 26) or the previously used support structure (introduction of the circumferential groove 19) realize.

Bei der Realisierung eines Hitzeschildes sind auch Kombinationen von axial fixierten Hitzeschildelementen mit axial nicht fixierten Hitzeschildelementen möglich.When realizing a heat shield, combinations of axially fixed heat shield elements with axially non-fixed heat shield elements are also possible.

Claims (3)

  1. Heat shield element for attachment to a support structure (3), in particular for use in a heat shield, with
    - a hot side (4) to be turned away from a support structure (3), which is suitable for exposure to a hot medium,
    - a cold side (5) to be turned towards the support structure (3) and
    - a number of peripheral surfaces (6) connecting the hot side (4) to the cold side (5), which are provided to abut peripheral surfaces (6) of heat shield elements (1, 2) to be attached in an adjacent fashion in the peripheral direction of the support structure (3), leaving the peripheral gap, and have grooves (8) for engagement with engagement sections (26) of element retainers (25), which retain the heat shield element (1, 2) on the support structure (3), characterised in that at least one stud (24, 28) is arranged in each groove (8), forming a stop for the engagement sections (26) of the element retainers (25).
  2. Heat shield element according to claim 1, characterised in that the at least one stud (28) only extends through part of the profile of the groove (8).
  3. Heat shield element according to claim 2, characterised in that the at least one stud (28) extends through the entire profile of the groove (8).
EP20110004163 2004-01-27 2004-12-16 Heat shield element Not-in-force EP2363643B1 (en)

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EP04001689A EP1561997A1 (en) 2004-01-27 2004-01-27 Heat Shield
EP04804880.5A EP1730446B1 (en) 2004-01-27 2004-12-16 Thermal shield
EP20110004163 EP2363643B1 (en) 2004-01-27 2004-12-16 Heat shield element

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EP04804880.5A Division EP1730446B1 (en) 2004-01-27 2004-12-16 Thermal shield

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EP2363643B1 true EP2363643B1 (en) 2015-04-29

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EP20110004163 Not-in-force EP2363643B1 (en) 2004-01-27 2004-12-16 Heat shield element
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EP (3) EP1561997A1 (en)
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EP1561997A1 (en) 2005-08-10
RU2364793C2 (en) 2009-08-20
RU2006130737A (en) 2008-03-10
JP4468381B2 (en) 2010-05-26
US20070151249A1 (en) 2007-07-05
JP2007519882A (en) 2007-07-19
CN100523618C (en) 2009-08-05
US7677044B2 (en) 2010-03-16
EP2363643A1 (en) 2011-09-07
EP1730446A1 (en) 2006-12-13
CN1748110A (en) 2006-03-15
EP1730446B1 (en) 2013-05-08
WO2005071320A1 (en) 2005-08-04

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