EP1577614B1 - Arrangement of a supporting structure and a heat shield of a gas turbine - Google Patents

Arrangement of a supporting structure and a heat shield of a gas turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1577614B1
EP1577614B1 EP04006582.3A EP04006582A EP1577614B1 EP 1577614 B1 EP1577614 B1 EP 1577614B1 EP 04006582 A EP04006582 A EP 04006582A EP 1577614 B1 EP1577614 B1 EP 1577614B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
profile
heat shield
supporting structure
support structure
faces
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EP04006582.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1577614A1 (en
Inventor
Beate Seiler
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002—Wall structures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement of a support structure of a gas turbine and a heat shield on the support structure for protecting the support structure and / or a wall comprising the support structure or connected to the support structure against flowing hot gas, wherein the heat shield comprises a number of attached to the support structure heat shield elements.
  • heat shields are used.
  • thermally highly loaded combustion chambers of gas turbines are lined with a heat shield to protect the combustion chambers against excessive thermal stress.
  • the heat shield typically comprises a number of surface-mounted metallic or ceramic heat shield elements (hereinafter referred to merely as heat shield elements), which are held by a generally metallic support structure formed in the combustion chamber wall.
  • the heat shield elements have a cold side facing the support structure and a hot side facing the hot medium and shield the wall of the combustion chamber and the support structure from the hot medium, such as a hot combustion gas, thereby counteracting excessive thermal loading of the combustion chamber wall and the support structure.
  • the ceramic heat shield elements are fastened by means of metallic element holders to a support structure of the combustion chamber wall, which has grooves for the insertion of specific sections of the element holders.
  • the inserted into grooves of the support structure element holder are usually bolted to the support structure.
  • the element holders include a portion adjacent to the portion for insertion into the grooves Head part which engages in the groove of a hot surface with the cold side connecting peripheral surface of the heat shield element to fix it to the support structure.
  • a heat shield is for example in EP 0 558 540 described.
  • the heat shield elements are arranged side by side under Spaltbemik comprehensive, ie between their peripheral surfaces are gaps in which the hot medium can penetrate.
  • the hot medium can reach the element holders. Since the metallic element holders would scale or melt at the temperatures prevailing in the combustion chamber, they are cooled by means of cooling air which flows through holes in the support structure into the gaps. This cooling air is taken from the compressor end of the gas turbine and is therefore no longer available to the combustion process, which leads to an increase in the NO x emission.
  • the document JP 59 004 824A shows an arrangement of a support structure of a gas turbine and a heat shield on the support structure.
  • Heat shield elements are attached directly to the support structure by means of a positive combination of groove and profile foot.
  • Between the ceramic heat shield elements and the metallic support structure is a porous ceramic layer.
  • An arrangement according to the invention of a support structure of a gas turbine, in particular a metallic support structure, and a heat shield on the support structure for protecting the support structure and / or a wall comprising the support structure or connected to the support structure against a hot medium, eg a hot gas, comprises a number
  • the support structure of fixed heat shield elements which, for example, be made of a ceramic or a metallic material can.
  • the heat shield elements are fixed by means of a positive connection to the support structure.
  • the shape of the cold side of ceramic heat shield elements facing the support structure can be chosen to be relatively free, so that it can be designed such that, together with a corresponding shaping of the support structure, it allows a good positive fit.
  • the heat shield elements each have at least one profile foot with profile surfaces on their cold side facing the support structure, wherein the profile surfaces represent first active surfaces for the form-liquid connection.
  • the support structure has at least one profile groove with profile surfaces which represent second active surfaces for the positive connection and together with the profile surfaces of the profile base, ie together with the first active surfaces, form effective surface pairs for positive locking.
  • the active surfaces of the heat shield elements and / or the at least one profile groove are provided with a friction-reducing coating so that the heat shield elements can be moved more easily along the groove after insertion of the profile foot into the profile groove. This makes it easier to move and thus placing the heat shield elements in the groove in the construction of the heat shield.
  • Teflon is particularly suitable as the material for the friction-reducing coating.
  • heat shield elements in particular ceramic heat shield elements, as mentioned above, are usually cast
  • the shape of the profile foot can be chosen relatively freely. This makes it possible to choose relatively simple shapes for the profile foot and the profile groove. As a result, significant savings can be achieved in the production of heat shields, since not two complex-shaped grooves must be introduced into the support structure, but a wide, simpler shaped groove sufficient.
  • all cooling air holes and all mounting holes for attaching the element holder can be omitted on the support structure.
  • the profile surfaces of the profile groove extend perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot medium, ie perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas turbine.
  • the heat shield elements are then secured against displacement in the axial direction of the gas turbine.
  • the profile surfaces can be arranged on the profile foot in such a way that they extend perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot medium, ie perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas turbine, after fastening to the suitable support structure.
  • the profile foot of the heat shield element can in particular be configured such that circumferential surfaces of the heat shield element, which connect the cold side with a hot side and extend after attachment to the support structure perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot gas, recesses or grooves, which the heat shield element in an actual shield part and divide the profile foot.
  • the actual shield part of the heat shield element can be formed unchanged.
  • each profile groove comprises at least one threading point for introducing profile feet of heat shield elements into the respective profile groove.
  • Fig. 1 shows a ceramic heat shield element of an inventive arrangement in a perspective view.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail of a support structure of an arrangement according to the invention in a perspective view.
  • Fig. 3 shows the positive connection of a ceramic heat shield element with the support structure in a sectional side view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a ceramic heat shield element of an inventive arrangement for a hot gas leading combustion chamber of a gas turbine in a perspective view.
  • the heat shield element 10 comprises a hot side 12 facing the hot gas in the gas turbine combustor, a cold side 14 facing the support structure holding the heat shield element 10, and circumferential sides or peripheral surfaces 16 connecting the cold side 14 to the hot side 12.
  • Two of the peripheral surfaces, namely the peripheral surfaces 16, extend in installed in the gas turbine combustor state of the heat shield element 10 perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas turbine combustor and thus perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot gas.
  • recesses or grooves 20 are present, which divide the heat shield element 10 in an actual shield member 22 and a profile foot 24.
  • the profile foot 24 is used for fastening the heat shield element 10 in a profile groove 52 of a support structure 50 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the profile foot 24 has chamfered surfaces 26, the active surfaces for producing a positive connection with the profile groove 52 of the support structure 50 represent.
  • active surfaces 54 are formed, which are complementary to the active surfaces 26 of the profile foot 24 and produce in conjunction with these the positive connection, which holds the ceramic heat shield element in the groove 52.
  • FIG. 3 An inserted into the groove 52 of the support structure 50 ceramic heat shield element 10 is in FIG. 3 in a cut Side view shown.
  • the heat shield element 10 is introduced with its profile foot 24 into the profile groove 52 of the support structure 50.
  • the profiled surfaces 26 of the profiled foot 24 and the profiled surfaces 54 of the profiled groove 52 form active surfaces which hold the heat shield element 10 in the groove 52 by means of positive locking and thereby fix it to the supporting structure 50.
  • the profile edges in comparison to the profile edges 58, 59 of the profile 52 have a greater distance from each other, so that the width of the profile 52 in the Area of the threading point 60 is increased, in fact so much that the profile foot 24 of the heat shield element 10 can be inserted into the profile groove 52.
  • the heat shield element 10 is then displaced to its destination within the profile groove 52.
  • the profile surfaces 26 of the profile foot 24 or the profile surfaces 54 of the profile groove 52 are provided with a sliding friction-reducing coating. As a material for the coating offers Teflon due to its high temperature resistance.
  • both the profile surfaces 54 of the profile groove 52 and the profile surfaces 26 of the profile foot 24 may be provided with the friction-reducing coating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung einer Tragstruktur einer Gasturbine und eines Hitzeschildes an der Tragstruktur zum Schutz der Tragstruktur und/oder einer die Tragstruktur umfassenden oder mit der Tragstruktur verbundenen Wand gegen strömendes Heißgas, wobei der Hitzeschild eine Anzahl an der Tragstruktur befestigter Hitzeschildelemente umfasst.The present invention relates to an arrangement of a support structure of a gas turbine and a heat shield on the support structure for protecting the support structure and / or a wall comprising the support structure or connected to the support structure against flowing hot gas, wherein the heat shield comprises a number of attached to the support structure heat shield elements.

In Brennkammern oder Flammrohren, die etwa Teil eines Brennofens, eines Heißgaskanals oder einer Gasturbine sein können und in denen ein heißes Medium erzeugt oder geführt wird, kommen Hitzeschilde zum Einsatz. Beispielsweise sind thermisch hoch belastete Brennkammern von Gasturbinen zum Schutz der Brennkammern vor zu hoher thermischer Beanspruchung mit einem Hitzeschild ausgekleidet. Der Hitzeschild umfasst typischerweise eine Anzahl flächendeckend angeordneter metallischer oder keramischer Hitzeschildelemente (im Folgenden lediglich als Hitzeschildelemente bezeichnet), die von einer in der Brennkammerwand ausgebildeten, in der Regel metallischen Tragstruktur gehalten werden. Die Hitzeschildelemente weisen eine der Tragstruktur zugewandte Kaltseite und eine dem heißen Medium zugewandte Heißseite auf und schirmen die Wandung der Brennkammer und die Tragstruktur gegen das heiße Medium, etwa ein heißes Verbrennungsgas, ab, wodurch sie einer übermäßigen thermischen Belastung der Brennkammerwand sowie der Tragstruktur entgegenwirken.In combustion chambers or flame tubes, which may be part of a kiln, a hot gas duct or a gas turbine and in which a hot medium is generated or guided, heat shields are used. For example, thermally highly loaded combustion chambers of gas turbines are lined with a heat shield to protect the combustion chambers against excessive thermal stress. The heat shield typically comprises a number of surface-mounted metallic or ceramic heat shield elements (hereinafter referred to merely as heat shield elements), which are held by a generally metallic support structure formed in the combustion chamber wall. The heat shield elements have a cold side facing the support structure and a hot side facing the hot medium and shield the wall of the combustion chamber and the support structure from the hot medium, such as a hot combustion gas, thereby counteracting excessive thermal loading of the combustion chamber wall and the support structure.

Bislang werden die keramischen Hitzeschildelemente mit Hilfe metallischer Elementhalter an einer Tragstruktur der Brennkammerwand, welche Nuten zum Einführen bestimmter Abschnitte der Elementhalter aufweist, befestigt. Die in Nuten der Tragstruktur eingeschobenen Elementhalter werden üblicherweise mit der Tragstruktur verschraubt. Die Elementhalter umfassen neben dem zum Einführen in die Nuten bestimmten Abschnitt einen Kopfteil, welcher in die Nut einer die Heißseite mit der Kaltseite verbindenden Umfangsfläche des Hitzeschildelementes eingreift, um dieses an der Tragstruktur zu fixieren. Ein derartiger Hitzeschild ist beispielsweise in EP 0 558 540 beschrieben.Heretofore, the ceramic heat shield elements are fastened by means of metallic element holders to a support structure of the combustion chamber wall, which has grooves for the insertion of specific sections of the element holders. The inserted into grooves of the support structure element holder are usually bolted to the support structure. The element holders include a portion adjacent to the portion for insertion into the grooves Head part which engages in the groove of a hot surface with the cold side connecting peripheral surface of the heat shield element to fix it to the support structure. Such a heat shield is for example in EP 0 558 540 described.

Um eine Wärmeausdehnung der Hitzeschildelemente während des Betriebs der Brennkammer zu ermöglichen, sind die Hitzeschildelemente unter Spaltbelassung flächendeckend nebeneinander angeordnet, d.h. zwischen ihren Umfangsflächen sind Spalte vorhanden, in welche das heiße Medium eindringen kann. Durch die Spalte kann das heiße Medium zu den Elementhaltern gelangen. Da die metallischen Elementhalter bei den in der Brennkammer herrschenden Temperaturen verzundern bzw. schmelzen würden, werden sie mittels Kühlluft gekühlt, die durch Bohrungen in der Tragstruktur in die Spalte strömt. Diese Kühlluft wird am Verdichterende der Gasturbine entnommen und steht daher dem Verbrennungsprozess nicht mehr zur Verfügung, was zu einer Erhöhung der NOx-Emission führt.In order to enable thermal expansion of the heat shield elements during operation of the combustion chamber, the heat shield elements are arranged side by side under Spaltbelassung comprehensive, ie between their peripheral surfaces are gaps in which the hot medium can penetrate. Through the column, the hot medium can reach the element holders. Since the metallic element holders would scale or melt at the temperatures prevailing in the combustion chamber, they are cooled by means of cooling air which flows through holes in the support structure into the gaps. This cooling air is taken from the compressor end of the gas turbine and is therefore no longer available to the combustion process, which leads to an increase in the NO x emission.

Das Dokument JP 59 004 824A zeigt eine Anordnung einer Tragstruktur einer Gasturbine und eines Hitzeschildes an der Tragstruktur. Hitzeschildelemente sind direkt an der Tragstruktur mittels einer formschlüssigen Kombination von Nut und Profilfuß befestigt. Zwischen den keramischen Hitzeschildelementen und der metallischen Tragstruktur befindet sich eine poröse Keramikschicht.The document JP 59 004 824A shows an arrangement of a support structure of a gas turbine and a heat shield on the support structure. Heat shield elements are attached directly to the support structure by means of a positive combination of groove and profile foot. Between the ceramic heat shield elements and the metallic support structure is a porous ceramic layer.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine verbesserte Anordnung einer Tragstruktur einer Gasturbine und eines Hitzeschildes an der Tragstruktur zur Verfügung zu stellen.It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved arrangement of a support structure of a gas turbine and a heat shield on the support structure.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Anordnung einer Tragstruktur einer Gasturbine und eines Hitzeschildes an der Tragstruktur nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung.This object is achieved by an arrangement of a support structure of a gas turbine and a heat shield on the support structure according to claim 1. The dependent claims contain advantageous embodiments of the present invention.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung einer Tragstruktur einer Gasturbine, insbesondere einer metallischen Tragstruktur, und eines Hitzeschildes an der Tragstruktur zum Schutz der Tragstruktur und/oder einer die Tragstruktur umfassenden oder mit der Tragstruktur verbundenen Wand gegen ein heißes Medium, bspw. ein Heißgas, umfasst eine Anzahl an der Tragstruktur befestigter Hitzeschildelemente, welche bspw. aus einem keramischen oder einem metallischen Material hergestellt sein können. Die Hitzeschildelemente sind mittels einer formschlüssigen Verbindung an der Tragstruktur fixiert.An arrangement according to the invention of a support structure of a gas turbine, in particular a metallic support structure, and a heat shield on the support structure for protecting the support structure and / or a wall comprising the support structure or connected to the support structure against a hot medium, eg a hot gas, comprises a number The support structure of fixed heat shield elements, which, for example, be made of a ceramic or a metallic material can. The heat shield elements are fixed by means of a positive connection to the support structure.

Da in der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung die Verbindung zwischen Hitzeschildelement und Tragstruktur per Formschluss erzielt wird, sind keine metallischen Halteelemente mehr nötig, die mittels Kühlluft gekühlt werden müssten. Somit ist eine Einsparung von Kühlluft und dadurch eine Verringerung der NOx-Emission möglich. Insbesondere keramische Hitzeschilde können die in den Gasturbinenbrennkammern herrschenden Temperaturen ungekühlt ertragen. Außerdem kann Material eingespart werden, da sowohl die Elementhalter als auch die Befestigungsschrauben zum Befestigen der Elementhalter an der Befestigungsstruktur nicht mehr benötigt werden.Since in the arrangement according to the invention, the connection between the heat shield element and support structure is achieved by positive engagement, no metallic holding elements are more necessary, which would have to be cooled by means of cooling air. Thus, a saving of cooling air and thereby a reduction of NO x emission is possible. In particular, ceramic heat shields can endure the temperatures prevailing in the gas turbine combustors uncooled. In addition, material can be saved since both the element holders and the fastening screws for fastening the element holders to the fastening structure are no longer needed.

Da Hitzeschildelemente, insbesondere keramische Hitzeschildelemente häufig gegossen werden, kann die Form der der Tragstruktur zuzuwendenden Kaltseite von keramischen Hitzeschildelementen relativ frei gewählt werden, so dass sie derart ausgestaltet werden kann, dass sie zusammen mit einer entsprechenden Formgebung der Tragstruktur einen guten Formschluss ermöglicht.Since heat shield elements, in particular ceramic heat shield elements, are frequently cast, the shape of the cold side of ceramic heat shield elements facing the support structure can be chosen to be relatively free, so that it can be designed such that, together with a corresponding shaping of the support structure, it allows a good positive fit.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung weisen die Hitzeschildelemente an ihrer der Tragstruktur zuzuwendenden Kaltseite jeweils mindestens einen Profilfuß mit Profilflächen auf, wobei die Profilflächen erste Wirkflächen für die formflüssige Verbindung darstellen. Entsprechend besitzt die Tragstruktur mindestens eine Profilnut mit Profilflächen, die zweite Wirkflächen für die formschlüssige Verbindung darstellen und zusammen mit den Profilflächen des Profilfußes, also zusammen mit den ersten Wirkflächen, Wirkflächenpaare für den Formschluss bilden.In the arrangement according to the invention, the heat shield elements each have at least one profile foot with profile surfaces on their cold side facing the support structure, wherein the profile surfaces represent first active surfaces for the form-liquid connection. Correspondingly, the support structure has at least one profile groove with profile surfaces which represent second active surfaces for the positive connection and together with the profile surfaces of the profile base, ie together with the first active surfaces, form effective surface pairs for positive locking.

Erfindungsgemäßen sind die Wirkflächen der Hitzeschildelemente und/oder der mindestens einen Profilnut mit einer reibungsvermindernden Beschichtung versehen, so dass sich die Hitzeschildelemente nach Einführen des Profilfußes in die Profilnut leichter entlang der Nut verschieben lassen. Dadurch lässt sich das Verschieben und damit Platzieren der Hitzeschildelemente in der Nut beim Aufbau des Hitzeschildes erleichtern. Als hitzebeständiges Material eignet sich insbesondere Teflon als Material für die reibungsvermindernde Beschichtung.According to the invention, the active surfaces of the heat shield elements and / or the at least one profile groove are provided with a friction-reducing coating so that the heat shield elements can be moved more easily along the groove after insertion of the profile foot into the profile groove. This makes it easier to move and thus placing the heat shield elements in the groove in the construction of the heat shield. As a heat-resistant material, Teflon is particularly suitable as the material for the friction-reducing coating.

Da Hitzeschildelemente, insbesondere keramische Hitzeschildelemente, wie oben erwähnt, in der Regel gegossen werden, kann die Formgebung des Profilfußes relativ frei gewählt werden. Dies ermöglicht es, für den Profilfuß und die Profilnut relativ einfache Formen zu wählen. Dadurch können bei der Fertigung der Hitzeschilde deutliche Einsparungen erzielt werden, da nicht zwei komplex geformte Nuten in die Tragstruktur eingebracht werden müssen, sondern eine breite, einfacher geformte Nut ausreicht. Außerdem können sämtliche Kühlluftbohrungen sowie sämtliche Befestigungsbohrungen für das Befestigen der Elementhalter an der Tragstruktur wegfallen.Since heat shield elements, in particular ceramic heat shield elements, as mentioned above, are usually cast, the shape of the profile foot can be chosen relatively freely. This makes it possible to choose relatively simple shapes for the profile foot and the profile groove. As a result, significant savings can be achieved in the production of heat shields, since not two complex-shaped grooves must be introduced into the support structure, but a wide, simpler shaped groove sufficient. In addition, all cooling air holes and all mounting holes for attaching the element holder can be omitted on the support structure.

In einer Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung erstrecken sich die Profilflächen der Profilnut senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des heißen Mediums, d.h. senkrecht zur Axialrichtung der Gasturbine. Entsprechendes gilt dann für die mit den Profilflächen der Profilnut zusammenwirkenden Profilflächen der Profilfüße der Hitzeschildelemente. Die Hitzeschildelemente sind dann gegen Verschiebungen in Axialrichtung der Gasturbine gesichert.In a further development of the arrangement according to the invention, the profile surfaces of the profile groove extend perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot medium, ie perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas turbine. The same applies to the cooperating with the profile surfaces of the profile profile surfaces of the profile feet of the heat shield elements. The heat shield elements are then secured against displacement in the axial direction of the gas turbine.

Insbesondere können die Profilflächen derart am Profilfuß angeordnet sein, dass sie sich nach dem Befestigen an der geeigneten Tragstruktur senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des heißen Mediums, d.h. senkrecht zur Axialrichtung der Gasturbine, erstrecken. Der Profilfuß des Hitzeschildelementes kann insbesondere derart ausgestaltet sein, dass Umfangsflächen des Hitzeschildelementes, welche die Kaltseite mit einer Heißseite verbinden und sich nach dem Befestigen an der Tragstruktur senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des Heißgases erstrecken, Rücksprünge oder Nuten aufweisen, welche das Hitzeschildelement in einen eigentlichen Schildteil und den Profilfuß unterteilen. Der eigentliche Schildteil des Hitzeschildelementes kann dabei unverändert ausgebildet sein.In particular, the profile surfaces can be arranged on the profile foot in such a way that they extend perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot medium, ie perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas turbine, after fastening to the suitable support structure. The profile foot of the heat shield element can in particular be configured such that circumferential surfaces of the heat shield element, which connect the cold side with a hot side and extend after attachment to the support structure perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot gas, recesses or grooves, which the heat shield element in an actual shield part and divide the profile foot. The actual shield part of the heat shield element can be formed unchanged.

In einer Weiterbildung der Tragstruktur umfasst jede Profilnut mindestens eine Einfädelstelle zum Einführen von Profilfüßen von Hitzeschildelementen in die jeweilige Profilnut.In a development of the support structure, each profile groove comprises at least one threading point for introducing profile feet of heat shield elements into the respective profile groove.

Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Figuren.Further features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein keramisches Hitzeschildelement einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht. Fig. 1 shows a ceramic heat shield element of an inventive arrangement in a perspective view.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer Tragstruktur einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht. Fig. 2 shows a detail of a support structure of an arrangement according to the invention in a perspective view.

Fig. 3 zeigt die formschlüssige Verbindung eines keramischen Hitzeschildelementes mit der Tragstruktur in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht. Fig. 3 shows the positive connection of a ceramic heat shield element with the support structure in a sectional side view.

Figur 1 zeigt ein keramisches Hitzeschildelement einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung für eine Heißgas führende Brennkammer einer Gasturbine in einer perspektivischen Ansicht. Das Hitzeschildelement 10 umfasst einen dem Heißgas in der Gasturbinenbrennkammer zuzuwendende Heißseite 12, eine einer das Hitzeschildelement 10 haltenden Tragstruktur zuzuwendende Kaltseite 14 sowie die Kaltseite 14 mit der Heißseite 12 verbindende Umfangsseiten bzw. Umfangsflächen 16, 18. Zwei der Umfangsflächen, nämlich die Umfangsflächen 16, erstrecken sich im in die Gasturbinenbrennkammer eingebauten Zustand des Hitzeschildelementes 10 senkrecht zur Axialrichtung der Gasturbinenbrennkammer und damit senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des Heißgases. Die beiden anderen Umfangsseiten 18 erstrecken sich hingegen in Axialrichtung der Gasturbinenbrennkammer, d.h. parallel zur Strömungsrichtung des Heißgases. In den sich im eingebauten Zustand senkrecht zur Axialrichtung der Gasturbine erstreckenden Umfangsflächen 16 sind Rücksprünge oder Nuten 20 vorhanden, welche das Hitzeschildelement 10 in einen eigentlichen Schildteil 22 und einen Profilfuß 24 unterteilen. FIG. 1 shows a ceramic heat shield element of an inventive arrangement for a hot gas leading combustion chamber of a gas turbine in a perspective view. The heat shield element 10 comprises a hot side 12 facing the hot gas in the gas turbine combustor, a cold side 14 facing the support structure holding the heat shield element 10, and circumferential sides or peripheral surfaces 16 connecting the cold side 14 to the hot side 12. Two of the peripheral surfaces, namely the peripheral surfaces 16, extend in installed in the gas turbine combustor state of the heat shield element 10 perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas turbine combustor and thus perpendicular to the flow direction of the hot gas. The other two peripheral sides 18, however, extend in the axial direction of the gas turbine combustor, ie parallel to the flow direction of the hot gas. In which in the installed state perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas turbine extending peripheral surfaces 16 recesses or grooves 20 are present, which divide the heat shield element 10 in an actual shield member 22 and a profile foot 24.

Der Profilfuß 24 dient zum Befestigen des Hitzeschildelementes 10 in einer Profilnut 52 einer Tragstruktur 50 (siehe Figur 2). Der Profilfuß 24 weist abgeschrägte Flächen 26 auf, die Wirkflächen zum Herstellen einer formschlüssigen Verbindung mit der Profilnut 52 der Tragstruktur 50 darstellen. In der Profilnut 52 sind ebenfalls Wirkflächen 54 ausgebildet, die komplementär zu den Wirkflächen 26 des Profilfußes 24 ausgebildet sind und im Zusammenspiel mit diesen den Formschluss herstellen, welcher das keramische Hitzeschildelement in der Nut 52 hält.The profile foot 24 is used for fastening the heat shield element 10 in a profile groove 52 of a support structure 50 (see FIG. 2 ). The profile foot 24 has chamfered surfaces 26, the active surfaces for producing a positive connection with the profile groove 52 of the support structure 50 represent. In the profile groove 52 also active surfaces 54 are formed, which are complementary to the active surfaces 26 of the profile foot 24 and produce in conjunction with these the positive connection, which holds the ceramic heat shield element in the groove 52.

Ein in die Nut 52 der Tragstruktur 50 eingesetztes keramisches Hitzeschildelement 10 ist in Figur 3 in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht dargestellt. Zum Verbinden mit der Tragstruktur 50 wird das Hitzeschildelement 10 mit seinem Profilfuß 24 in die Profilnut 52 der Tragstruktur 50 eingeführt. Wenn das Hitzeschildelement 10 eingeführt ist, greifen die Profilkanten 58, 59 der Profilnut 52 in die Nuten 20 des Hitzeschildelementes 10 ein und stellen so den Formschluss her. Sobald der Formschluss hergestellt ist, bilden die Profilflächen 26 des Profilfußes 24 und die Profilflächen 54 der Profilnut 52 Wirkflächen, welche das Hitzeschildelement 10 mittels des Formschlusses in der Nut 52 halten und es damit an der Tragstruktur 50 fixieren.An inserted into the groove 52 of the support structure 50 ceramic heat shield element 10 is in FIG. 3 in a cut Side view shown. For connection to the support structure 50, the heat shield element 10 is introduced with its profile foot 24 into the profile groove 52 of the support structure 50. When the heat shield element 10 is inserted, engage the profile edges 58, 59 of the profile groove 52 in the grooves 20 of the heat shield element 10 and thus establish the positive connection. As soon as the positive connection is established, the profiled surfaces 26 of the profiled foot 24 and the profiled surfaces 54 of the profiled groove 52 form active surfaces which hold the heat shield element 10 in the groove 52 by means of positive locking and thereby fix it to the supporting structure 50.

Um ein Einführen des Profilfußes 24 des Hitzeschildelementes 10 in die Profilnut 52 zu ermöglichen, weist sie eine Einfädelstelle 60 auf, deren Profilkanten im Vergleich zu den Profilkanten 58, 59 der Profilnut 52 einen größeren Abstand voneinander haben, so dass die Weite der Profilnut 52 im Bereich der Einfädelstelle 60 vergrößert ist, und zwar soviel dass sich der Profilfuß 24 des Hitzeschildelementes 10 in die Profilnut 52 einsetzen lässt. Von der Einfädelstelle 60 aus wird das Hitzeschildelement 10 dann an seinen Bestimmungsort innerhalb der Profilnut 52 verschoben. Um das Verschieben innerhalb der Profilnut 52 zu erleichtern, sind die Profilflächen 26 des Profilfußes 24 oder die Profilflächen 54 der Profilnut 52 mit einer die Gleitreibung vermindernden Beschichtung versehen. Als Material für die Beschichtung bietet sich aufgrund seiner hohen Temperaturresistenz Teflon an. Selbstverständlich können auch sowohl die Profilflächen 54 der Profilnut 52 als auch die Profilflächen 26 des Profilfußes 24 mit der reibungsvermindernden Beschichtung versehen sein. Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft, wenn auch die Kaltseite 14 des Hitzeschildelementes sowie der Profilboden 56 der Profilnut 52 mit der reibungsvermindernden Beschichtung versehen sind. Wenn alle Hitzeschildelemente 10 in die Profilnut 52 eingesetzt sind, wird die Einfädelstelle 60 mit einem speziellen Hitzeschildelement (nicht dargestellt) verschlossen. Dieses Hitzeschildelement kann beispielsweise in konventioneller Weise mittels Elementhaltern in der Nut befestigt werden.In order to allow insertion of the profile foot 24 of the heat shield element 10 in the profile groove 52, it has a threading point 60, the profile edges in comparison to the profile edges 58, 59 of the profile 52 have a greater distance from each other, so that the width of the profile 52 in the Area of the threading point 60 is increased, in fact so much that the profile foot 24 of the heat shield element 10 can be inserted into the profile groove 52. From the threading point 60, the heat shield element 10 is then displaced to its destination within the profile groove 52. To facilitate the movement within the profile groove 52, the profile surfaces 26 of the profile foot 24 or the profile surfaces 54 of the profile groove 52 are provided with a sliding friction-reducing coating. As a material for the coating offers Teflon due to its high temperature resistance. Of course, both the profile surfaces 54 of the profile groove 52 and the profile surfaces 26 of the profile foot 24 may be provided with the friction-reducing coating. In addition, it is advantageous if the cold side 14 of the heat shield element and the profile bottom 56 of the profile groove 52 are provided with the friction-reducing coating. When all the heat shield elements 10 are inserted into the profile groove 52, the threading point 60 is closed with a special heat shield element (not shown). This heat shield element, for example, in conventional Way be secured by means of element holders in the groove.

Claims (5)

  1. Arrangement of a supporting structure (50) for a gas turbine and of a heat shield on the supporting structure (50) for protecting the supporting structure (50) against a hot medium and/or for protecting a wall, comprising the supporting structure (50) or connected to the supporting structure (50), against a hot medium, which heat shield comprises a number of heat-shield elements (10) fastened to the supporting structure (50), the heat-shield elements (10) being fixed to the supporting structure (50) by means of a positive connection (24, 52), the heat-shield elements (10) having in each case a cold side (14) to face the supporting structure (50) and possessing in each case on the cold side at least one profile foot (24) with profile faces (26) which constitute first active faces for the positive connection, and the supporting structure (50) having at least one profile groove (52) with profile faces (54), the profile faces (54) of the profile groove (52) constituting second active faces for the positive connection and forming, together with the profile faces (26) of the profile foot (24), pairs of active faces for the positive connection,
    characterized in that
    the active faces (26, 54) of the profile foot (24) and/or of the at least one profile groove (52) are provided with a friction-reducing coating.
  2. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the profile faces (54) of the profile groove (52) extend perpendicularly to an axial direction of the gas turbine.
  3. Arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the friction-reducing coating is a Teflon coating.
  4. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, the heat-shield elements (10) possessing circumferential faces (16, 18) connecting the cold side (14) to a hot side (12) to face the hot medium, there being present, in those circumferential faces (16) which extend perpendicularly to the axial direction of the gas turbine after fastening to the supporting structure (50), grooves (20) which subdivide the heat-shield elements (10) into a shield part (22) and the profile foot (24).
  5. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, each profile groove (52) having a threading-in point (60) for the introduction of profile feet (24) of heat-shield elements (10) into the respective profile groove (52).
EP04006582.3A 2004-03-18 2004-03-18 Arrangement of a supporting structure and a heat shield of a gas turbine Expired - Lifetime EP1577614B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04006582.3A EP1577614B1 (en) 2004-03-18 2004-03-18 Arrangement of a supporting structure and a heat shield of a gas turbine

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04006582.3A EP1577614B1 (en) 2004-03-18 2004-03-18 Arrangement of a supporting structure and a heat shield of a gas turbine

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EP1577614A1 EP1577614A1 (en) 2005-09-21
EP1577614B1 true EP1577614B1 (en) 2013-12-04

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7140185B2 (en) * 2004-07-12 2006-11-28 United Technologies Corporation Heatshielded article
US8191373B2 (en) * 2009-02-06 2012-06-05 General Electric Company Interlocking retention strip

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB336520A (en) * 1930-01-28 1930-10-16 Henry Wilmot Spencer Improvements in linings for furnace arches, walls and the like
DE829531C (en) * 1949-09-02 1952-01-28 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Temperature-independent connection of ceramic and metal machine parts
DE2362633A1 (en) * 1973-12-17 1975-06-19 Lucas Aerospace Ltd Flame tube for gas turbine combustion chamber - has number of ceramic rings formed of silicon nitride tiles
JPS594824A (en) * 1982-06-29 1984-01-11 Toshiba Corp Structure of hot gas turbine combustor unit
RU2088836C1 (en) 1990-11-29 1997-08-27 Сименс АГ Heat shield

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