WO2017096751A1

WO2017096751A1 - Time multiplexing-permitting grating-type three-dimensional display system and method

Info

Publication number: WO2017096751A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/080983
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘立林; 滕东东
Original assignee: 中山大学
Priority date: 2015-12-10
Filing date: 2016-05-04
Publication date: 2017-06-15
Also published as: CN105404010A; CN105404010B

Abstract

A time multiplexing-permitting grating-type three-dimensional display system and method in the technical field of three-dimensional image display. The system comprises a clear aperture array (30), a display screen (10), a grating (20) and a control unit (40), wherein the clear aperture array (30) is disposed on a gating plane; light beams from pixels of the display screen (10) form a plurality of gating areas on the gating plane after being subjected to light-splitting adjustment and control of the grating (20); pixel arrays of different groups are visible in all clear apertures of different gating areas; and the control unit (40) controls time sequence gating of the clear apertures of the gating areas so as to present more viewpoints. Where the display screen (10) of the same resolution is adopted, the time multiplexing-permitting grating-type three-dimensional display system, compared with traditional grating-type three-dimensional display technology, can present more viewpoints based on a persistence of vision effect.

Description

Grating-type three-dimensional display system and method allowing time multiplexing

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of three-dimensional image display technology, and more particularly to a raster type three-dimensional display system and method that allows inter-turn multiplexing.

Background technique

[0002] Since two-dimensional display is difficult to clearly and accurately express the depth information of the third dimension, people have been working on a display technology capable of displaying a stereoscopic scene, a three-dimensional image display technology. Since the raster type three-dimensional display technology is compatible with mainstream flat panel displays, it has been the most widely used three-dimensional technology. Through the spectral splitting function of the grating, the traditional raster three-dimensional display technology guides the light beams listed by the equally spaced pixels of the display screen to point to different viewpoints, so that different viewpoints can receive optical information from different pixel arrays, and realize three-dimensional based on binocular parallax. The rendering of the image. In order to obtain more viewpoints for a better 3D visual experience, traditional raster 3D display systems require high, even ultra high resolution displays. technical problem

[0003] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a raster type three-dimensional display system and method that allows inter-turn multiplexing, by introducing the inter-turn multiplexing into a conventional raster type three-dimensional display technology, using the same In the case of a resolution display, more viewpoints can be rendered based on the visual retention effect. Problem solution

Technical solution

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing is provided, including:

[0006] a clear aperture array, the clear aperture array is composed of a plurality of clear apertures and placed on the gate surface; [0007] a display screen, the display screen is placed on the display surface for display optics Image information

[0008] a grating having a light splitting function, the grating is disposed along a display light emitting direction on a grating surface in front of the display screen, and the grating is used to guide the light beam emitted from the different pixel arrays on the display screen to the gating Different strobe areas are formed on the surface, and all the light apertures in each of the strobe areas can receive the light beams emitted by all the pixels of the corresponding pixel column group, but the same group of pixels are not received by the other groups of pixels; [0009] a control unit, the control unit is electrically connected to the clear aperture and the display screen; at a turn point, at most one clear aperture in each of the gated regions is gated by the control unit (40) and controlled by the control unit (40) Controlling the display screen to refresh and display corresponding image information.

[0010] In the above solution, by using a display screen with a certain exit angle of the pixel and using a grating to guide the light beams emitted by the different pixel column groups composed of the spaced pixel columns to the gate surface to form different gate regions, different pixel column groups. It can be seen in all the clear apertures of different gated regions, and more viewpoints can be realized by the sequential strobe of the clear apertures in each gated region. In the case of using the same resolution display screen, the present invention provides a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing, and can realize more viewpoint presentation based on the visual retention effect than the conventional raster type three-dimensional display technology.

[0011] Further, an optical projection lens is disposed on the front side of the grating along the output light emitting direction of the display screen, and the optical projection lens is used to form a virtual image on the display screen and the grating, and the virtual image of the display screen Instead of the display, the raster is replaced by a raster virtual image.

[0012] Further, the device further includes a plurality of visors, the visor enclosing the clear aperture array and/or the display screen in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional direction, and the visor is configured to block the light emitted from the display screen from passing through The light in the airspace of the aperture array prevents the light from affecting the viewer.

[0013] Further, the pixels on the display screen are actively illuminated pixels.

[0014] Further, the display screen is provided with a corresponding light source, and the pixels on the display screen are passively illuminated pixels.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a raster type three-dimensional display method that allows inter-turn multiplexing, including the following steps:

[0016] S1. The pixel columns on the display screen are divided into K pixel column groups, and the light beams emitted by the K pixel column groups on the display screen are guided by the grating splitting to form K gate regions on the gate surface, K pixels. The column groups are respectively visible in the K gate regions in a one-to-one correspondence manner; wherein, the K pixel column groups are respectively (1, K+1, 2K+1, ···

, (η-1)Κ+1)歹 ij group, (2,Κ+2,2Κ+2, *", 1;^+2) column group (Κ, 2Κ, 3Κ, ···

, ηΚ) column group, η is an integer;

[0017] S2 along the arrangement direction of the pixel column, the arbitrary gate region k of size d is equally divided into m sub-gate regions of size d / m, a pass aperture is set in each sub-gate region;

[0018] S3. In the direction of arrangement of the pixel columns, the size of the display screen including the nK pixel columns is set to D, and The display screen is divided into m' sub-displays of size D/m', m'≠l;

[0019] S4. Projecting the light transmission direction along the display screen in front of the gate area, the intersection of the two sides of any sub-display screen and the points on either side of any sub-gate area form a series of spatial points, and the space points are As a system viewpoint;

[0020] S5. Any pass aperture aperture is smashed, and the display content of the corresponding pixel column group in the gate region of the clear aperture is displayed on each of the sub-display screens and the sub-gate region where the aperture aperture is located The content of the view corresponding to the view determined in step S4;

[0021] S6. At the same time, at least one clear aperture of each gated region is gated by the control unit, and the refresh display content of the corresponding pixel column group is determined according to step S5;

[0022] S7. In the adjacent plurality of turns, the m light-passing apertures of each of the gated regions are sequentially smashed, and image refresh loading is performed according to step S6;

[0023] S8. The loop repeats step S7.

[0024] Another alternative manner of the present invention to provide a raster-type three-dimensional display method for inter-turn multiplexing includes the following steps:

[0025] SS1. The pixel columns on the display screen are divided into K pixel column groups, and the light beams emitted by the K pixel column groups on the display screen are guided by the grating splitting to form K gate regions on the gate surface, K pixels. The column groups are respectively visible in the K gate regions in a one-to-one correspondence manner; wherein, the K pixel column groups are respectively (1, K+1, 2K+1, ···

, ηΚ) column group, η is an integer;

[0026] SS2. According to the arrangement direction of the pixel columns, any gate region k of size d is equally divided into m sub-gate regions of size d/m, and a clear aperture is disposed in each sub-gate region;

[0027] SS3. The light transmission direction along the display screen is in front of the gate area, and the lines connecting the two points of the display screen and the two sub-gate areas intersect to form a spatial point, and the space point and the sub-gate area are taken. Any point in the space range is the system view corresponding to the sub-gate region, wherein any point in the space between the space point and the sub-gate region also includes the space point and the sub-gate region Point

[0028] SS4. any clear aperture aperture snoring, the view of the target three-dimensional image with respect to the corresponding viewpoint of the sub-gate region where the aperture aperture is located is used as the display content of the display screen;

[0029] SS5. At the same turn point, at most one clear aperture in each gated region is gated by the control unit, the display The refresh display content is determined according to step SS4;

[0030] SS6. In the adjacent m inter-turn points, the m light-passing holes of each of the gating regions are sequentially smashed, and image refresh loading is performed according to step SS5;

[0031] SS7. The loop repeats step SS6.

Advantageous effects of the invention

Beneficial effect

[0032] The present invention introduces the inter-turn multiplexing into the traditional raster three-dimensional display technology, and the control unit strobes the aperture aperture array to present more viewpoints to smooth the moving parallax, even in the adjacent The viewing point spacing is smaller than the pupil size, and the multi-view display is realized, which overcomes the visual discomfort caused by the convergence-focus conflict of the traditional grating type three-dimensional display technology, and presents a natural three-dimensional visual effect.

Brief description of the drawing

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing in an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of viewpoint determination of a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing in an embodiment of the present invention. [0034] FIG.

3 is a schematic diagram showing the content of a light-passing hole in a raster-type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing in the embodiment of the present invention.

4 is an example of a viewpoint in which a view from a same sampling pixel column group is observed in a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing in an embodiment of the present invention. [0036] FIG.

5 is an example of a viewpoint in which a view from a different sampling pixel column group is observed in a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing in an embodiment of the present invention. [0037] FIG.

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical projection lens for imaging a display screen and a grating in a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing in an embodiment of the present invention. [0038] FIG.

7 is a schematic diagram of an optional placement position of a grating in a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing in an embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a schematic diagram showing the geometric relationship of the aperture size of the grating in consideration of the pixel size 吋 in the raster type three-dimensional display system that allows the inter-turn multiplexing in the embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; in order to better illustrate the embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of the actual product; It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain known structures and their description may be omitted. The present invention improves the number of views that can be rendered by the raster 3D display technology through the introduction of daytime multiplexing to obtain a better 3D visual experience.

[0042] The optical path structure of a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing is shown in FIG. 1. The display screen 10 is composed of pixel columns with nK column spacing δ. In this embodiment, Κ=3 is For example, where (1, Κ+ 1,2Κ+1, · · ·, (η-1)Κ+1) column pixels, (2, Κ+2,2Κ+2, · · ·, (η- 1) Κ+2) column pixels, · · ·

, (Κ, 2Κ, 3Κ, · · · , !! The column pixels are respectively named as pixel column groups 1, 2 Κ; a slit grating 20 is disposed along the transmission direction of the output light of the pixel of the display screen 10, and the slit grating 20 is placed The grating surface before the display surface; the transmission direction of the light emitted from the pixel of the display screen 10, the mK apertures composed of the apertures having the pitch of d/m are placed on the gate surface behind the grating surface via the array 30, The distance between the pass surface and the display surface is L, and there are K=3 adjacent gate regions of the size d, that is, the gate region 1, the gate region 2, and the gate region 3, The gate region is equally divided into m sub-gate regions, and each of the light apertures is placed in each sub-gate region; each pixel of the display screen 10 has a certain exit angle, and the size thereof satisfies the following requirements: the outgoing beam of each pixel covers the entire Gating area. By the splitting of the grating 20, all pixels of the pixel column group 1 can only be seen in the strobe area 1, and the pixel column group 2 is visible only in the strobe area 2, and the pixel column group 3 is visible only in the strobe area. 3, in order to meet this requirement, according to the map In the geometric relationship shown in Fig. 1, the distance L1 of the grating surface from the display surface satisfies 0/(Kl)d=Ll/(L-Ll), and then, the aperture aperture size of the grating 20 is b=dLl/L, and the grating constant a+ b = 0 (L - Ll) / L + b. In this case, all pixels of the pixel column group 1 exit beam covering the gate region 1; pixel column group 2 all pixels out of the beam cover the gate region 2; pixel column group 3 All pixel outgoing beams cover the gate area 3. These pixel column groups are correspondingly named pixel column group 1, pixel column group 2 and pixel column group 3. If the number of pixel column groups is more than 吋, the name is named according to this rule. .

[0043] The display screen 10 of size D is divided into m's sub-displays of size D/m'. As shown in FIG. 2, m'=4, m=5 in this embodiment. Connecting each sub-display screen and two side points of each sub-gate area, intersecting the display screen 10 to obtain a plurality of intersection points, and using these intersection points or points in the vicinity thereof as a system viewpoint, as shown in FIG. 2, the viewpoint 9, the viewpoint q+l, Viewpoint q+2, viewpoint q+3, viewpoint q+4, and so on. At some time, the control unit 40 controls the gating The light-passing hole of a sub-gate region in the region k is hiccuped, such as the clear aperture in the light-passing aperture array 30 located in the sub-gate region k4, and the control unit 40 controls the gate region k. The other clear apertures are closed. In this case, the pixels of the gate region k corresponding to the pixel column group k in the range of the sub-display screen 1 are displayed to the viewpoint q+3, and the pixels of the gate region k corresponding to the pixel column group k within the range of the sub-display panel 2 are displayed to the viewpoint q. +2, the pixel corresponding to the pixel column group k in the range of the pixel display group k is displayed to the viewpoint q+1, and the pixel corresponding to the pixel column group k in the range of the sub-display screen 4 is displayed to the viewpoint q. As shown in FIG. 3, the size of the clear aperture in this embodiment is equal to the size of the sub-gated area. A partial perspective view corresponding to each viewpoint is used as the loading information of the pixels in the range of the pixel sub-screens of the pixel column group k, and a corresponding partial perspective view is observed at m'=4 viewpoints. At a different interval, the plurality of clear apertures in the gate region k are sequentially gated at different intervals. When At is small to some extent, based on the principle of visual retention, as described in the above process, the corresponding pixel column group may be By synchronously loading the corresponding content, a flicker-free perspective view in which a plurality of partial perspective views are spliced can be observed at a plurality of viewpoints. For different gate regions, the above process is performed synchronously, that is, at the same engraving, at most one of the gate regions is gated, and the corresponding pixel column group synchronously loads the corresponding optical information. Corresponding to different viewpoints, the multiple partial perspectives received by the sequence may come from the same pixel column group, as shown by the viewpoint q+1 in FIG. 4, the observed perspective sequence is from the pixel column group k in the sub-display. The pixels in the area of the screen 4, the pixels in the area of the sub-display 3, the pixels in the area of the sub-display 2, and the pixels in the area of the sub-display 1 in the area of the sub-display 1 are respectively The pass aperture apertures in the sub-gated regions k5, k4, k3, k2 are strobed. However, for some viewpoints, such as the viewpoint q+2 in FIG. 5, the observed perspective sequence is from the pixel column group k in the sub-display area 1 pixel, the pixel column group k is in the sub-display 2 area. The pixel, the pixel column group k in the sub-display area 3, and the pixel column group k+1 in the sub-display 4 area, respectively, when the sub-gating regions k3, k4, k5, (k+l) The pass aperture aperture sequence in l is strobed, and (k+1) l is a sub-gate region adjacent to the gate region k in the gate region (k+1) shown in FIG. The present invention provides a raster type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing, and introduces inter-turn multiplexing into a conventional raster type three-dimensional display system by using a display screen 10 having pixels with a certain exit angle, at the same resolution. In the case of a display screen, the number of rendered viewpoints can be increased, and the visual effect of the three-dimensional display can be improved. In this example, we take m'=4, m=5 as an example. In a more general case, the values of m' and m can be other integer values.

In this embodiment, a plurality of visors 50 are further disposed, and the visor 50 surrounds the device in one or two dimensions. The light aperture array 30 and/or the display screen 30 blocks the portion of the light emitted by each pixel of the display screen 10 that overflows the space occupied by the light aperture array 30, thereby eliminating crosstalk between the perspective views of the respective portions.

[0045] In addition, in the optical system, an optical projection lens 60 is disposed along the outgoing light transmission direction of the display screen 10. Before the optical projection lens 60 is placed in the grating 20, the display screen 10 and the grating 20 are magnified virtual image, such as Figure 6 shows. Replacing the display screen 10 in FIG. 1 with the virtual image of the display screen, and replacing the grating 20 in FIG. 1 with the raster virtual image, thereby performing three-dimensional display based on the raster-type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing according to the above example. The face is often designed to be close to the optical projection lens 60.

[0046] In the above example, the grating surface of the grating 20 can also be placed closer to the display screen 10. As shown in FIG. 7, the aperture aperture size of the chirped grating is b=dLl/L, but the size limit a of the light blocking portion may be For multiple values, as in a and a2 of Figure 7, the size can be determined by geometric relationships.

[0047] Actually, the pixels of the display screen 10 have a size δ, as shown in FIG. 8, where Κ=2 gate areas are taken as an example. In order to prevent a beam of light from a sampled image from entering the adjacent gated region, the value of the aperture aperture b of the grating relative to the pixel will become smaller. According to the geometric relationship shown in Fig. 8, the b value depends on the minimum size of the boundary between the two sides of the single pixel and the corresponding point on the grating surface.

[0048] In the above example, when the grating 20 is not present, it is equivalent to having only one gate region.

[0049] The optical structure comprising the optical projection lens 60 in the above examples may be arranged in a plurality of identical structures in a plane or a curved surface to present more viewpoints. Thus, a visor 50 is required between adjacent optical structural units to block optical crosstalk between adjacent optical structures.

[0050] In the above example, when the distance between adjacent viewpoints is smaller than the pupil size, the multi-view display is realized to overcome the visual discomfort caused by the convergence-focus collision of the conventional raster type three-dimensional display technology, and the natural three-dimensional visual effect is presented.

Claims

Claim

A grating type three-dimensional display system that allows inter-turn multiplexing, comprising: a clear aperture array (30), the clear aperture array (30) consisting of a plurality of clear apertures and placed in a gating Face

a display screen (10), the display screen (10) is placed on the display surface for displaying optical image information;

a grating (20) having a light splitting function, the grating (20) emitting light along the display screen (10) is disposed on a grating surface in front of the display screen (10), and the grating (20) is used for the display screen (10) The light beams emitted from the different pixel column groups are guided to the gate surface to form different gate regions, and all the light apertures in each gate region can receive the light beams emitted by all the pixels of the corresponding pixel column group. However, the same beam cannot receive the beam emitted by other pixel column groups;

a control unit (40), the control unit (40) is electrically connected to the clear aperture and the display screen (10); at a turn point, the control unit (40) gates up to one clear aperture in each of the gated regions And controlling the display screen (10) to refresh and display corresponding image information.

The raster type three-dimensional display system for inter-turn multiplexing according to claim 1, further comprising an optical projection lens (60), the optical projection lens (60) emitting light transmission direction along the display screen (10) Located in front of the grating (20), an optical projection lens (60) is used to image the display screen (10) and the grating (20).

The grating type three-dimensional display system for inter-turn multiplexing according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of light shielding plates (50), the light shielding plate (50) surrounding the one-dimensional or two-dimensional direction The light aperture array (30) and/or the display screen (10) are used to shield the display panel (10) from light that does not pass through the airspace occupied by the aperture aperture array (30).

The grating type three-dimensional display system for inter-turn multiplexing according to claim 2, further comprising a plurality of light shielding plates (50), the light shielding plate (50) surrounding the one-dimensional or two-dimensional direction The light aperture array (30) and/or the display screen (10) are used to shield the display panel (10) from light that does not pass through the airspace occupied by the aperture aperture array (30).

The raster type three-dimensional display system for enabling inter-turn multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein the pixels on the display screen (10) are actively illuminated pixels. [6] The raster type three-dimensional display system for inter-turn multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein the display screen (10) is provided with a corresponding light source, and the pixels on the display screen (10) A pixel that is passively illuminated.

[Attachment 7] A raster type three-dimensional display method that allows inter-turn multiplexing, comprising the raster type three-dimensional display system allowing inter-turn multiplexing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps :

51. The pixel columns on the display screen (10) are divided into K pixel column groups, and the light beams emitted by the K pixel column groups on the display screen (10) are guided by the grating (20) to form K selections on the gate surface. Passing area,

The K pixel column groups are respectively visible in the K gate regions in a one-to-one correspondence manner; wherein, the K pixel column groups are respectively (1, K+1, 2K+1, ••• n-UK+l) columns Group, (2, Κ+2,2Κ+2, ···, (η-1)Κ+2) column group (Κ, 2Κ, 3Κ, column group, η is a positive integer;

52. According to the arrangement direction of the pixel columns, any gate region k of size d is equally divided into m sub-gate regions of size d/m, and a clear aperture is disposed in each sub-gate region;

53. along the arrangement direction of the pixel columns, set the size of the display screen (10) including the nK pixel columns to D, and divide the display screen (10) into m' sizes D/m' Child display, m' ≠1;

54. Projecting the light transmission direction along the display screen (10) in front of the gate area, and the intersection of the two sides of any sub-display screen and the points on either side of any sub-gate area form a series of spatial points, and the space points are As a system viewpoint;

55. Any pass aperture aperture is smashed, and the display content of the pixel column group corresponding to the pixel column group on the different sub-display screen is respectively the sub-display screen and the sub-gate region where the aperture aperture is located, according to step S4 The determined viewpoint corresponds to the content of the view;

56. At the same time, at most one clear aperture of each gate region is gated by the control unit (40), and the refresh display content of the corresponding pixel column group is determined according to step S5;

57. In a plurality of adjacent inter-turn points, m clear apertures of each of the gating regions are sequentially smashed, and image refresh loading is performed according to step S6;

58. Repeat step S7 in a loop.

[Claim 8] A raster type three-dimensional display method that allows inter-turn multiplexing, characterized in that it includes rights The grating type three-dimensional display system capable of inter-turn multiplexing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:

551. Dividing the pixel columns on the display screen (10) into K pixel column groups, and the light beams emitted by the K pixel column groups on the display screen (10) are guided by the grating (20) to form K selections on the gate surface. Passing area

The K pixel column groups are respectively visible in the K gate regions in a one-to-one correspondence manner; wherein, the K pixel column groups are (1, K+1, 2K+1, ••• n-UK+l) Column group, (2, Κ+2,2Κ+2, ···, (η-1)Κ+2) column group (K, 2K, 3K, "^nK) column group, n is an integer;

552. According to the arrangement direction of the pixel columns, any gate region k of size d is equally divided into m sub-gate regions of size d/m, and a clear aperture is set in each sub-gate region;

553. The light transmission direction along the display screen (10) is in front of the gate area, and the lines connecting the two points of the display screen (10) and the points of one sub-gate area intersect to form a spatial point, and the space point and the child are taken. Any point in the spatial range between the gating regions is used as a system view corresponding to the sub-gate region, wherein any point in the spatial range between the spatial point and the sub-gating region also includes the spatial point and the sub-selection a point on the pass area;

554. Any clear aperture aperture is squeaked, and a view of the target three-dimensional image with respect to a viewpoint corresponding to the sub-gate region where the aperture aperture is located is used as a display content of the display screen (10);

555. At the same time, at most one clear aperture in each gate region is gated by the control unit (40), and the refresh display content of the display screen (10) is determined according to step SS4;

556. In the adjacent m inter-turn points, m light-passing holes of each gating area are sequentially smashed, and image refresh loading is performed according to step SS5;

557. Repeat step SS6 in the loop.