CN113835235B - Multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing - Google Patents
Multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/24—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type involving temporal multiplexing, e.g. using sequentially activated left and right shutters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/33—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving directional light or back-light sources
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-user-facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing, which comprises a multi-view area projection optical engine, a light valve array and a control unit. The multi-view area projection optical engine comprises a display device and a view area guiding device, wherein the display device projects a plurality of view areas under the action of the view area guiding device, and each view area respectively receives light information projected by a corresponding pixel group on the display device; the light valve array comprises a plurality of groups of light valve groups, each light valve group consists of more than one light valve with a time sequence switch, and different light valves are respectively worn in front of different eyes; the control unit controls the time sequence switch of the light valve of each light valve group and synchronously loads the corresponding light information to each pixel. Based on time division multiplexing, each light valve group time sequence guides the corresponding pixel group to project more than one view to eyes arranged at the corresponding visual area, and based on a monocular multi-view technical path, the problem of focusing-converging conflict inherent in the traditional three-dimensional display is solved, and the visual comfort of the three-dimensional display is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional display, in particular to a multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing.
Background
Three-dimensional displays with depth information presentation capabilities are of great interest as compared to traditional two-dimensional displays because the dimensions of the display scene are consistent with the real space in which people live. However, the existing three-dimensional display is mainly based on the traditional stereoscopic vision technology to present a three-dimensional scene, and depth information is presented based on the binocular parallax principle by respectively projecting a corresponding view to the eyes of an observer. In this process, the viewer's eyes need to be focused on the display surface to see the respective corresponding views, while the dual-purpose view intersects the display scene at the output screen to trigger the perception of depth by the viewer, thereby causing an inconsistency between the monocular depth of focus and the binocular depth of convergence, i.e., focus-convergence conflict problem. Whereas in natural situations, when an observer observes a real three-dimensional scene, the monocular depth of focus and the binocular depth of convergence coincide with the spatial depth of interest to the observer. Therefore, the focusing-converging conflict of the traditional stereoscopic vision technology is contrary to the physiological habit of natural evolution of human body, can cause visual discomfort of an observer, and is a bottleneck problem which prevents the popularization and application of the three-dimensional display technology.
CN109313350a (three-dimensional display system and method based on observer entrance pupil division multiplexing) describes a three-dimensional display system based on monocular multi-view principle to overcome the problem of focus-convergence conflict by using more than one time-sequence switch light valves placed in front of each eye, respectively, to guide the corresponding more than one view to enter the eye through different areas of the pupil, and to form a three-dimensional scene display in which the eye can focus naturally by spatial superposition of sagittal rays from the more than one view. However, the system described in this patent does not consider the multi-user situation, and allows multiple users to wear glasses composed of multiple light valves to perform visual experience, but the light information sources received by different users are the same. In fact, for a real three-dimensional scene, the light information observed by users at different positions is different, and the corresponding light information sources are also different.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing so as to realize multi-user-oriented three-dimensional light field display. The invention realizes the accommodation of a plurality of users through the combination of the light valve array and the multi-view area projection optical engine, and improves the display effect through the sub-aperture of each light valve and the discrimination of pixels projecting light with different characteristics by utilizing the adjacent sub-apertures. The invention discloses a multi-user-facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing, which comprises a multi-view area projection optical engine, a light valve array and a control unit. The multi-view projection optical engine comprises a display device and a view guiding device, wherein a plurality of views are projected under the action of the view guiding device, and each view respectively receives light information projected by a pixel group formed by corresponding pixels on the display device. The light valve array comprises a plurality of groups of light valve groups, each light valve group consists of more than one light valve with a time sequence switch, and different light valves are respectively worn in front of different eyes. The control unit controls each pixel group to respectively project corresponding light information to the corresponding visual area. Based on time division multiplexing, each light valve group time sequence guides the corresponding pixel group to project more than one view to eyes arranged at the corresponding visual area, and based on a monocular multi-view technical path, the problem of focusing-converging conflict inherent in the traditional three-dimensional display is solved, and the visual comfort of the three-dimensional display is improved.
In order to build a display system with comfortable three-dimensional vision that can accommodate multiple users, the present invention provides the following by combining multi-view projection and monocular projection of more than one view:
a multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing, comprising:
the multi-view area projection optical engine comprises a display device and a view area guiding device, wherein the display device comprises a plurality of pixels capable of loading light information, the view area guiding device is arranged at a position corresponding to the display device and is used for guiding the propagation vector direction of emergent light of each pixel of the display device, M pixel groups on the display device respectively project the light to M view areas corresponding to the pixel groups, and the distance between the view areas is set to be that a binocular observer cannot receive the light emergent from the same view area, wherein M is equal to or larger than 2;
wherein each pixel group is respectively composed of partial pixels on the display device and the composed pixels of different pixel groups are mutually different,
or each pixel group is respectively composed of at least part of pixels on the display device, the time points of information loading of the constituent pixels of different pixel groups comprising the common pixel are different from each other, and the corresponding visual area of the pixel group to which each pixel belongs at each time point is the corresponding visual area of the pixel at the time point;
The light valve array comprises N light valve groups, each light valve group consists of K light valves, and different light valves are respectively worn on different eyes, wherein N is equal to or greater than 2 and K is equal to or greater than 2;
the control unit is respectively connected with the display device and the light valve array, and is used for controlling the K light valves of each light valve group to be opened in a time sequence in each time period formed by K adjacent time points, only one light valve of each light valve group is opened in each time point, and the control unit is used for controlling each pixel of the display device to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the opened light valve in the corresponding visual area on the pixel of the scene to be displayed;
the multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing is arranged such that each light valve group sequentially directs a group of pixels corresponding to the viewing zone in which it is positioned to project more than one view to the eye corresponding to the light valve group based on time division multiplexing.
Further, each pixel of the display device is composed of W sub-pixels for emitting light of W colors, each light valve of the light valve array is correspondingly composed of W wave molecular apertures, the W wave molecular apertures are correspondingly one by one and respectively allow light of W colors to pass through, and each sub-pixel is correspondingly matched with the wave molecular aperture allowing the emitted light to pass through;
And the control unit can control each sub-pixel of the display device to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the corresponding wave molecular aperture which is opened in the corresponding visual area of the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs in the scene to be displayed on the sub-pixel at each time point.
Further, the view area guiding device is a light splitting grating, the light splitting grating is arranged between the display device and the light valve array, and the M pixel groups are guided to respectively project corresponding light information to the M view areas based on a grating light splitting principle.
Further, the view area guiding device is a time sequence backlight device, the time sequence backlight device comprises a time sequence light source array and a light converging device, the light converging device is arranged between the time sequence light source array and the display device, M light sources of the time sequence light source array are respectively imaged to M image points in one-to-one correspondence by the light converging device, and each light source projects light to be diffracted by the display device to form respective corresponding view areas at the corresponding image points.
Further, the view area guiding device is a sagittal modulation unit disposed between the display device and the light valve array, the sagittal modulation unit is composed of microstructure units corresponding to each pixel of the display device one by one, and each microstructure unit guides the corresponding pixel to project light beams to the corresponding view area of the pixel group to which the pixel belongs
Further, the multi-user-facing three-dimensional display system based on the entrance pupil division multiplexing further comprises a tracking and positioning unit, wherein the tracking and positioning unit is connected with the control unit and used for tracking and positioning each light valve group and the position of each light valve in real time, determining the view area to which the position belongs, and the control unit can control the display device to load information according to the view area to which each light valve belongs.
Further, the multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing further comprises a barrier for blocking light transmitted by the display device through the non-light valve area from entering the observer's eye.
Further, each light valve is composed of L orthogonal sub-apertures, each of which corresponds to L orthogonal characteristics, each of which allows only light having the corresponding orthogonal characteristic to pass therethrough, and cuts off light having other (L-1) orthogonal characteristics, wherein L.gtoreq.2;
the multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing is arranged in such a way that in each pixel group, pixels of L-1 pixels are arranged in groups, the L pixel groups emit light, the L pixel groups have the L orthogonal characteristics in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and an orthogonal sub-aperture allowing projection light of each pixel to pass through is the orthogonal sub-aperture corresponding to the pixel;
And the control unit can control each pixel of the display device to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the scene to be displayed, which is opened corresponding to the orthogonal sub-aperture in the view area corresponding to the pixel, on the pixel at each time point.
Further, each light valve comprises V orthogonal sub-apertures which are arranged in the same order, each adjacent L orthogonal sub-apertures respectively correspond to L orthogonal characteristics, each orthogonal sub-aperture only allows light with the corresponding orthogonal characteristic to pass through, and cuts off light with other (L-1) orthogonal characteristics, wherein V is larger than or equal to L is larger than or equal to 2;
the multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on the entrance pupil division multiplexing is arranged in such a way that each pixel group of a display device is divided into V pixel blocks sequentially corresponding to V orthogonal sub-apertures of each light valve according to a space arrangement order, each pixel block projects light to have the corresponding orthogonal characteristic of the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture, and each pixel takes the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture of the corresponding pixel block as the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture of the pixel;
and the control unit can control each pixel of the display device to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the scene to be displayed, which is opened corresponding to the orthogonal sub-aperture in the view area corresponding to the pixel, on the pixel at each time point.
Further, the orthogonal characteristic is a mutually perpendicular linear polarization characteristic, a rotation direction different optical rotation characteristic or a wavelength characteristic of a mutually complementary color, or a combination of any two or more of a mutually perpendicular linear polarization characteristic, a rotation direction different optical rotation characteristic and a wavelength characteristic of a mutually complementary color.
Further, each pixel of the display device is composed of W sub-pixels for emitting W color lights, each orthogonal sub-aperture of each light valve of the light valve array is respectively composed of W wave molecular apertures, each W wave molecular apertures respectively allow only one of the W color lights to pass through in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each sub-pixel corresponds to the wave molecular aperture allowing the emitted light to pass through;
and the control unit can control each sub-pixel of the display device to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the sub-pixel corresponding to the wave molecular aperture at each time point, wherein at each time point, each sub-pixel corresponding to the wave molecular aperture is in the corresponding visual area of the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs, and the sub-pixel corresponds to the corresponding wave molecular aperture in the opened orthogonal sub-aperture at the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs.
The invention utilizes the multi-view area projection optical engine to accommodate a plurality of users, realizes the overcoming of focusing-converging conflict based on monocular multi-view, and builds a three-dimensional display system based on natural focusing facing multiple users.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention realizes a multi-user-oriented light field display system, can project a three-dimensional display scene which can be focused naturally to each user while accommodating a plurality of users, and effectively improves visual comfort.
The details of embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings or the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings and description of the embodiments illustrate the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an optical structure of a three-dimensional display system using a light-splitting grating as a viewing area guiding device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a monocular natural focus implementation.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of an optical structure of a three-dimensional display system with a time sequential backlight device as a viewing zone guiding device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the optical structure of a three-dimensional display system with a sagittal modulation unit as the viewing zone directing device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a light valve/pixel group pair with a wavelength molecular aperture as a substructure
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a light valve/pixel group pair with orthogonal sub-apertures as sub-structures.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of another light valve/pixel group pair with orthogonal sub-apertures as sub-structures.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a third light valve/pixel group pair with orthogonal sub-apertures as sub-structures.
Detailed Description
According to the multi-user based three-dimensional display system based on the entrance pupil division multiplexing, natural focusing three-dimensional scene display facing a plurality of users can be realized through the combination of the multi-view area projection optical engine and the light valve array for guiding more than one view to each eye.
Fig. 1 shows an optical structure of a multi-user based three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing, comprising a multi-view projection optical engine 10, a light valve array 20 and a control unit 30, the multi-view projection optical engine 10 comprising a display device 11 and a view guiding device 12. The multi-view projection optical engine 10 is described by taking an optical engine that performs multi-view projection based on a grating light splitting principle as an example, the view guiding device 12 takes a light splitting grating 121 taking a cylindrical lens as a grating unit as an example, and m=5 pixel groups on the display device 11 respectively project light to m=5 views, view 1, view 2, and view 1 through the light splitting grating 121, View region 3, view region 4, and view region 5. In fig. 1, the x-direction and the y-direction are two sides of the display device 11, respectively. The x 'direction is the arrangement direction of the grating units of the spectrograting 121, and the y' direction is the long direction of the grating units of the spectrograting 121, that is, the vertical direction of the arrangement direction of the grating units. Each view area receives the projected light information from the corresponding pixel group. The arrangement of the arrangement direction of the visual areas, the size of the visual areas and the distance between the adjacent visual areas are required to ensure that the two eyes of each observer cannot receive the light information emitted from the same visual area, namely, the line degree of each visual area is not more than the difference value between the binocular distance of the observer and the diameter of the monocular pupil in the direction of the binocular connecting line of the observer, and the distance between the adjacent visual areas is not less than half of the sum of the line degree of the visual areas and the diameter of the monocular pupil. The corresponding visual area of the pixel group to which each pixel belongs is the corresponding visual area of the pixel. The light valve array 20 is composed of n×k light valves of N light valve groups, where K is the number of light valves included in each light valve group. Each light valve is used as a lens and is worn on the corresponding eye. Fig. 1 exemplifies n=4 and k=3. Specifically, light valve A 1R1 、A 1R2 、A 1R3 The composed light valve group 201 is worn by the right eye 501R of the observer 1 in the visual zone 1, and the light valve A 1L1 、A 1L2 、A 1L3 The composed light valve set 202 is worn by the left eye 501L of viewer 1 in view region 2. Likewise, the valve blocks 204 and 203 in view blocks 5 and 4 are worn by the left and right eyes of the observer 2, respectively. For clarity of illustration, the respective valve numbers of the valve groups 204 and 203 are not shown. K=3 light valves of each light valve group are opened in a time period Δt composed of k=3 adjacent time points, the time sequence is controlled by the control unit 30, and at one time point, only one light valve of each light valve group is opened, and the other light valves are closed.
In this patent, each view area and its corresponding pixel group have the same structure, and the pixel groups corresponding to different view areas are also different in space or time. When the light valve groups are arranged in each visual area, the corresponding pixel groups are used as information loading units, and the same operation is followed for displaying. That is, each pixel group and the light valve group disposed in its corresponding viewing zone are of similar construction, following the same operation. In the following section, only one viewing zone in which a valve group is placed and its corresponding pixel group are taken as an example to explain how the multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing realizes its display function.
Taking the light valve set 202 disposed in the view area 2 and the pixel group corresponding to the view area as shown in fig. 1 as an example, fig. 2 illustrates how a row of pixels along the y direction in one pixel group performs light information projection to the corresponding eye 501L at a time point of t+Δt/3 through the light valve set disposed in the corresponding view area in a plane parallel to the y direction. The baffle 60 is used to block light projected by the display device 10 from entering the eyes of each observer through the non-light valve area. At this t+Δt/3 time point, only light valve A 1L2 Is opened and the object point P to be displayed is related to the light valve A 1L2 The projection point on the display device 11 is the pixel p 2y5 Pixel p 2y5 Loading the object point P to be displayed relative to the light valve A 1L2 Projection information thereon, pixel p 2y5 In the sagittal direction p 2y5 P projects a beam. More specifically, at time t+Δt/3, at the open light valve A 1L2 Taking a point VP nearby 1 Point VP 1 And the connecting line of the object point P to be displayed passes through the light valve A 1L2 The pixel p of the pixel group corresponding to the visual area 2 is placed 2y5 Then pixel p 2y5 The loading information is the P edge VP 1 P direction is at pixel P 2y5 Projection information thereon. Here, point VP 1 Is selected to satisfy pixel p 2y5 Sum point VP 1 Is passed through the light valve A 1L2 Is not limited. The actual scene to be displayed is composed of a plurality of object points, and the actual information loading process is as follows: light valve A 1L2 When opened, the point VP near the point VP is often taken as a viewpoint, and then the point VP and the light valve A are connected 1L2 The visual area 2 corresponds to any pixel in the pixel group, and the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the any pixel along the connecting line direction is the required loading information of the any pixel. Wherein, the light valve A is taken out 1L2 The spatial position of the point of approach VP satisfies the following condition: this point and the light valve A 1L2 The connection lines of the pixels corresponding to the pixel groups in the visual area are all passed through the light valve A 1L2 . Here in particular with the light valve a being opened, placed in view zone 2 1L2 For purposes of illustration, it is also applicable to any open light valve placed in any viewAnd loading information of each corresponding pixel. This is the operation described by "each pixel loading information is the light information on the pixel about the projection information of the light valve opened in the corresponding view area of the pixel for the scene to be displayed". The "projection information of the scene to be displayed about the light valve opened in the view area corresponding to the pixel" refers to view information of the scene to be displayed about the view point taken by the vicinity of the light valve. The corresponding view point is often taken as a common point of the corresponding view area, where the light valve accessory is opened, to meet the above requirements, or may be taken as a different point of the corresponding view area, where the light valve accessory is opened, to meet the above requirements.
Similarly, at time t, only valve A 1L1 On, pixel p 2y7 In the sagittal direction p 2y7 P projecting a light beam; at the time point t+2Δt/3, only light valve A 1L3 On, pixel p 2y3 In the sagittal direction p 2y3 P projects a beam. The light valve spacing of the light valve group 202 is set, so that at least two light beams passing through the object point P to be displayed are ensured to be incident into the eye 501L, that is, at least two view information of the object point P to be displayed is received by the eye 501L, and the at least two light beams are overlapped at the point P to form a space light spot which can be naturally focused by the eye 501L. When the process is established for each point of the scene to be displayed, the three-dimensional scene display overcoming the focusing-converging conflict can be realized based on the visual retention effect. For other eyes placed in other visual areas, three-dimensional scene display which can be focused naturally is realized in the same way.
In the above process, at a time point, the operation of loading information on a pixel needs to know the spatial position of each light valve in the corresponding view area. The tracking and positioning unit 40 is introduced, as shown in fig. 1, to track and position the positions of the light valves of the light valve groups and the visual areas of the light valves in real time, and is controlled by the control unit 30 to load information of the pixels. When one light valve group receives the light projected by more than one pixel group corresponding to the adjacent visual area, the pixels of the more than one pixel group synchronously load the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the pixels of the light valve group, wherein the projection information is related to the opened light valve in the light valve group. In the above example, each of the light valve groups is disposed on the face where the corresponding viewing zone is located. In practice, the above procedure is equally applicable when each light valve group deviates from the plane of the corresponding viewing zone. If the introduction tracking and positioning unit 40 is not introduced, a virtual light valve set can be assumed for each view area and placed at a position where the actual light valve set is often present without knowing the actual spatial position of each light valve. Each virtual light valve of the virtual light valve group is set to be on-off synchronously with each light valve of each real light valve group. At each time point in each time period, each pixel loading information is the light information of the scene to be displayed on the pixel about the projection information of the opened virtual light valve in the corresponding visual area of the pixel. When the spatial position of each light valve exceeds the coverage area of the view area projected by the multi-view area projection optical engine 10, for example, when one or more light valve groups in fig. 1 exceeds the coverage area of the emergent light emitted from the view areas 1 to 5, the corresponding pixels of each grating unit can be adjusted by the control unit 30 according to the corresponding relationship between the pixels and the grating units, so as to ensure the coverage of the view area projected by the multi-view area projection optical engine 10 on each light valve group. In this case, the same pixel may belong to different pixel groups before and after adjustment, that is, different pixel groups have a common pixel. In this case, the time points at which the information is loaded in the constituent pixels of the different pixel groups including the common pixel are different from each other due to the time sequence before and after the modulation.
Fig. 1 illustrates an optical engine for multi-view projection based on the principle of grating spectroscopy as an example of a multi-view projection optical engine 10. The multi-vision zone projection optical engine 10 may also take the time-sequential backlight device 122 converging on different vision zones as the vision zone guiding device 12 to perform multi-vision zone projection based on the time division multiplexing principle. Such as the time-sequential backlight device 122 shown in fig. 3, is comprised of a time-sequential light source array 1221 and a light converging device 1222. The time-series light source array 1221 shown in fig. 3 includes m=5 light sources S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 And S is 5 The light converging device 1222 is exemplified by a fresnel lens. The light emitted from each light source of the time-series light source array 1221 is converged to m=5 viewpoints, VP, respectively, by the light converging device 1222 1 、VP 2 、VP 3 、VP 4 And VP 5 . Time sequence light sourceEach light source of the array 1221 is controlled by the control unit 30 to emit light in time series in each time period consisting of m=5 adjacent time points, and is incident as a backlight on the display device 11. Due to diffraction of incident light by each pixel of the display device, each light source projects light through the display device 11, the time sequence carries corresponding light information, and the light information is distributed in each corresponding view area due to diffraction effect, so that the presentation of m=5 view areas is realized based on time sequence multiplexing: view 1, view 2, view 3, view 4, view 5. The elongated viewing area is formed, and the pixels of the display device 11 may be designed to have a large diffraction angle along the long direction of the elongated viewing area, or a diffusion mo having a large diffusion angle along the long direction of the elongated viewing area may be attached through the display device 11, or each light source may be directly taken as a line light source. In each time period formed by m=5 adjacent time points, each time point can only see the light information displayed by the display device 11 in one viewing zone corresponding to each time point. Specifically, at time point t, only light source S 1 Is turned on, and its projected light is converged at a point VP via a light converging device 1222 1 . At the same time, the diffraction effect introduced by the information loading of the display device 11 on the beam path expands the light distribution from the display device 11 to the point VP 1 And the viewing area 1 is located. That is, at the time point t, only the light information loaded by the display device 11 can be seen in the viewing zone 1, and at this time, all the pixels of the display device 11 correspond to the viewing zone 1. Similarly, at time t+Δt, only light source S 2 Opening, and correspondingly forming a visual area 2, wherein all the pixels of the display device 11 correspond to the visual area 2; at time t+2Δt, only light source S 3 Opening, and correspondingly forming a visual area 3, wherein all pixel corresponding visual areas of the display device 11 are the visual area 3; at time t+3Δt, only light source S 4 Opening, and correspondingly forming a visual area 4, wherein all pixel corresponding visual areas of the display device 11 are the visual area 4; at time t+4Δt, only light source S 5 And opened to form the visual zone 5 correspondingly, and all pixels of the display device 11 are corresponding to the visual zone 5 at the moment. When the time-series backlight device 1220 is used, the pixels corresponding to each viewing zone are the same pixels, but their corresponding time points are different from each other. That is, all pixels of the display device are respectively used as M different pixel groups corresponding to different visual areas at the adjacent M time points. This situation is Under the condition, when the light valve group formed by K light valves needing to be opened in time sequence is arranged in each visual area, M multiplied by K time points are needed to construct a time period taking deltat/K as a time interval. During a time period, each light valve is opened at only one point in time. The time point actually refers to a time period within a range of time intervals around the time point.
The view directing device 12 of the multi-view projection optical engine 10 may also be a sagittal modulation unit 123 composed of microstructure units corresponding one-to-one to each pixel of the display device 11. Each microstructure element of the sagittal modulation unit 123, such as a grating structure, directs the corresponding pixel to project a light beam to the corresponding viewing zone of the pixel group to which the pixel belongs. Fig. 4 illustrates a pixel p modulated by the corresponding microstructure element by taking the example of generating m=4 viewing zones 1 、p 5 The … emergent light is guided to the visual area 1 to form a pixel group corresponding to the visual area 1; pixel p 2 、p 6 The … emergent light is guided to the visual area 2 to form a pixel group corresponding to the visual area 2; by analogy, 4 pixel groups project light information to 4 viewing zones, respectively.
Each pixel of the display device 11 is often composed of sub-pixels for emitting W colors. In this case, each light valve of the light valve array 20 may be configured to have W wavelength molecular apertures, which are one by one and which allow only the light of the W colors to pass therethrough, as a sub-structure, and each sub-pixel corresponds to the wavelength molecular aperture that allows the light emitted therefrom to pass therethrough. In this case, the pixel groups corresponding to one aperture are divided into W wavelength molecular apertures and W sub-pixel groups each emitting W colors of light, based on the difference in light color. At each time point, the control unit 30 controls each sub-pixel of the display device, and synchronously loads the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the sub-pixel about the projection information of the corresponding wave molecular aperture opened in the corresponding view area of the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs. Similar to the above-mentioned "each pixel loading information is the light information of the scene to be displayed on the pixel with respect to the projection information of the opened light valve in the corresponding view area of the pixel", the change is only to replace the pixel with a sub-pixel and replace the corresponding light valve with the corresponding wave molecular aperture. FIG. 5 is turned on at time t+Δt/3 in FIG. 2 Light valve A of (2) 1L2 As an example. It consists of three wave molecular apertures A which respectively only allow R (red), G (green) and B (blue) color light to pass through 1L2R 、A 1L2G 、A 1L2B Composition is prepared. For clarity of illustration, the sub-structures of the other two light valves belonging to the same valve group are not shown. Each pixel of the corresponding display device 11 is composed of sub-pixels emitting R, G, B color light, such as p 2y1R 、p 2y1G 、p 2y1B Light valve A is composed of 1L2 The visual area corresponds to one pixel p of the pixel group 2y1R . Then, the light valve A 1L2 R sub-pixel group consisting of emergent R color photon pixels in the corresponding pixel group of the belonging visual area, wherein the projection light can only pass through the sub-aperture A 1L2R Light valve A 1L2 The belonging visual area corresponds to a G sub-pixel group consisting of emergent G color photon pixels in the pixel group. The projection light can only pass through the sub-aperture A 1L2G Light valve A 1L2 B sub-pixel group composed of emergent B color photon pixels in the corresponding pixel group of the belonging visual area, wherein the projection light can only pass through the sub-aperture A 1L2B . According to the method, each sub-pixel loads corresponding light information, projection of R, G, B three color views of a scene to be displayed can be realized only through the light valve and the corresponding pixel group of the visual area to which the light valve belongs, and the corresponding view points of the light information from the different color views are different. Other light valves operate in a similar manner, so that when the observer's eye 50 receives R, G, B at least one of the color views through the light valve, the color three-dimensional scene is rendered through monocular multiview. In this case, if the observer's eye 50 is positioned to receive three (R, G, B) color views projected through one light valve, at least one light valve can implement a monocular multiview display, the timing of the plurality of light valves of each light valve group is open, more R, G, B color views can be projected to the observer's eye 50, improving the display effect, or providing a larger viewing area for the observer's eye 50, or providing a larger viewing angle for the observer's eye 50.
Further, each light valve may have L orthogonal sub-apertures having orthogonal characteristics as sub-structures. The L orthogonal sub-apertures respectively correspond to L orthogonal characteristics, and each orthogonal sub-aperture is respectively allowed to have only one pair ofLight having other (L-1) kinds of orthogonal characteristics is cut off by passing light having orthogonal characteristics. For example. The mutually perpendicular line bias characteristics are l=2 orthogonal characteristics, and the red vertical line bias characteristic, the blue vertical line bias characteristic, the red horizontal line bias characteristic, and the blue horizontal line bias characteristic are l=4 orthogonal characteristics. Fig. 6 illustrates an example of l=2 mutually perpendicular line bias characteristics, which are indicated by "-" and "-" in the figure, respectively. The light valve group 202 disposed in the viewing area 2 and the pixel group corresponding to the viewing area are also illustrated in fig. 1, and other pixel groups on the display device 11 are not shown for clarity. Wherein, the light valve A 1L1 Comprising l=2 orthogonal sub-apertures a allowing only "-" light to pass through respectively 1L11 And A 1L12 Light valve A 1L2 Comprising l=2 orthogonal sub-apertures a allowing only "-" light to pass through respectively 1L21 And A 1L22 Light valve A 1L3 Comprising l=2 orthogonal sub-apertures a allowing only "-" light to pass through respectively 1L31 And A 1L32 . In practical systems, the orthogonal properties of orthogonal sub-apertures can be achieved by placing polarizers at the orthogonal sub-apertures that allow only the "-" and "-" light, respectively, to pass through. In each of the above figures, adjacent light valves or adjacent sub-apertures are illustrated as being disposed adjacent to a seamless arrangement for clarity of illustration only. In practice, adjacent light valves or adjacent sub-apertures may overlap partially or there may be gaps where baffles may be present. In this case, among the pixel groups of the display device 11, pixels of each pixel group are grouped at intervals (L-1), that is, pixels of each pixel group are divided into L pixel groups. The L pixel groups emit light, respectively, which are set to have the L different orthogonal characteristics. For example pixel p in fig. 6 2y1 、p 2y3 、p 2y5 The combination of the pixels … is pixel group 1, each pixel emits light; pixel p 2y2 、p 2y4 、p 2y6 The … pixels are combined into pixel group 2, each of which emits "-" light. Only light valve a is shown in fig. 6 1L2 Sub-aperture A of (2) 1L21 And A 1L22 T+Δt/3 time point being turned on, pixel group 1 and orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L21 Forming a pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair, wherein each pixel of the pixel group 1 of the pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair projects light information only through the orthogonal sub-aperture A of the pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair 1L21 Exit from orthogonal sub-aperture A not belonging to the pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair 1L22 Emitting, as indicated by a dotted line p marked with an "X" in the figure 2y17 An outgoing light beam; pixel group 2 and orthogonal sub-aperture a 1L22 Forming another pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair, wherein each pixel of the pixel group 2 of the pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair projects light information only through the orthogonal sub-aperture A of the pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair 1L22 Exit from orthogonal sub-aperture A not belonging to the pixel group-orthogonal sub-aperture pair 1L21 Emitting, as indicated by a dotted line p marked with an "X" in the figure 2y18 The outgoing light beam. In this case, the orthogonal sub-aperture through which the projection light of each pixel is allowed to pass is regarded as the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture of the pixel. The control unit 30 controls each pixel of the display device 11 to synchronously load light information at each point in time: the projection information of the scene to be displayed, which corresponds to the orthogonal sub-aperture opened in the view area corresponding to the pixel, is the light information on the pixel. Then, only at one point in time, l=2 views can be projected through one light valve. The other (K-1) time points of a time period are similarly loaded and projected, so that the projection of (L x K) views can be realized through a group of light valve groups. When the distance between the orthogonal sub-apertures is small enough to enable the corresponding eyes of the light valve group to receive at least two light beams of any display object point, the display of the natural focusing three-dimensional scene can be realized based on monocular multi-view. In the case of the same degree of time multiplexing, L times the view can be projected, compared to the case where orthogonal sub-apertures are not employed. A larger (lxk) value may allow for a larger eye-to-light valve group spacing, or provide a larger effective viewing area for the corresponding eye, or a larger display viewing angle, enhancing the display effect. The other light valve groups work in the same way.
In fig. 6, the orthogonal sub-apertures of the light valves are each positioned adjacent to one another. The sub-apertures corresponding to different light valves in the same light valve group can also be arranged in a mode of being arranged at intervals. FIG. 7 is the same asTaking the light valve group 202 and the corresponding pixel group disposed in the view area 2 as an example, each light valve is composed of v=4 orthogonal sub-apertures, and all l=2 adjacent sub-apertures thereof respectively correspond to different orthogonal characteristics. Specifically, light valve A 1L1 The orthogonal sub-aperture a including v=4 sequentially allowing only "", "-", and "-" light to pass through, respectively 1L11 、A 1L12 、A 1L13 And A 1L14 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Light valve A 1L2 The orthogonal sub-aperture a including v=4 sequentially allowing only "", "-", and "-" light to pass through, respectively 1L21 、A 1L22 、A 1L23 And A 1L24 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Light valve A 1L3 The orthogonal sub-aperture a including v=4 sequentially allowing only "", "-", and "-" light to pass through, respectively 1L31 、A 1L32 、A 1L33 And A 1L34 . L=2 orthogonal characteristics are vertically polarized light and horizontally polarized light, respectively, denoted by "-" and "-" respectively. Each orthogonal sub-aperture is as per A 1L11 、A 1L21 、A 1L31 、A 1L12 、A 1L22 、A 1L32 、A 1L13 、A 1L23 、A 1L33 、A 1L14 、A 1L24 、A 1L34 Is arranged at regular intervals. The orthogonal sub-apertures of the light valves are arranged along the arrangement direction in sequence with the same rule of the orthogonal characteristic. At time t+Δt/3 as shown in FIG. 7, only light valve A in light valve group 202 1L2 Sub-aperture A of (2) 1L21 、A 1L22 、A 1L23 And A 1L24 Is opened. The view area 2 where the light valve group 202 is located corresponds to a pixel group, and is divided into v=4 pixel blocks, pixel block 1, pixel block 2, pixel block 3, and pixel block 4. Their pixels are set to emit ", and" - "light, respectively. The orthogonal characteristics of the light emitted from each pixel block and the orthogonal characteristics of the orthogonal sub-apertures of each light valve are sequentially in one-to-one correspondence along the direction of the arrangement of the orthogonal sub-apertures, as shown in fig. 7. At this point in time, the loading information of each pixel of the pixel block 1 is set as the orthogonal sub-aperture A of the scene to be displayed 1L21 Projection information on the pixel, and loading information of each pixel of the pixel block 2 is that a scene to be displayed is related to an orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L22 Projection information on the pixel, pixel block 3The loading information of each pixel is that the scene to be displayed is related to the orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L23 Projection information on the pixel, and loading information of each pixel of the pixel block 4 is that the scene to be displayed is related to the orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L24 Projection information on the pixel. In this case, each pixel has the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture of the pixel block to which the pixel belongs as the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture of the pixel. The control unit 30 controls the loading information of each pixel of the display device 11 at each time point, which is the light information of the scene to be displayed on the pixel, corresponding to the projection information of the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture in the view area corresponding to the pixel, which is synchronously opened. Then pixel block 1 and orthogonal sub-aperture a 1L21 A pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair is formed, and the pixel block 1 of the pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair projects light information through the orthogonal sub-aperture A thereof 1L21 Emitting; pixel block 2 and orthogonal sub-aperture a 1L22 A pixel block 2 of the pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair is formed to project light information through its orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L22 Emitting; pixel block 3 and orthogonal sub-aperture a 1L23 A pixel block 3 of the pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair is formed to project light information through its orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L23 Emitting; pixel block 4 and orthogonal sub-aperture a 1L24 A pixel block 4 of a pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair is formed to project light information through its orthogonal sub-aperture a 1L24 And (5) emergent. Then at the t+Δt/3 time point, the orthogonal sub-aperture A is passed 1L21 、A 1L22 、A 1L23 And A 1L24 Light valve A on display device 11 1L2 The view region 2 projects a view corresponding to 4 pixel blocks of the pixel group. And the other (K-1) time points of one time period are used for loading and projecting information in the same way, so that the projection of K views can be realized through a group of light valve groups. When the sub-aperture spacing of one light valve group is small enough that at least two light beams of any display object point can be received by eyes corresponding to the light valve group, the display of the natural focusing three-dimensional scene can be realized based on monocular multi-view. In the structure shown in fig. 5, when V > L, the non-adjacent orthogonal sub-apertures corresponding to the same light valve have the same orthogonal characteristic, such as the orthogonal sub-aperture a 1L21 And orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L23 All allow light to pass through and the orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L22 And orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L24 Allows the light "-" to pass through. At this time, the light information projected by the pixel block of one pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair also exits through the orthogonal sub-aperture of the other pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair as noise to affect the display effect. For example, in FIG. 7, pixel block 1 is projected through orthogonal sub-aperture A 1L23 The outgoing light is noise, such as the indicated light beam (2). According to the arrangement of the orthogonal sub-apertures shown in fig. 5, among the orthogonal sub-apertures of one light valve, the orthogonal sub-apertures having the same orthogonal characteristic are spaced apart by (kxl) orthogonal sub-apertures. When the multi-user-facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing adopts the optical structure shown in fig. 7, a sufficiently large (kxl) value needs to be designed to ensure that the noise can avoid the corresponding eyes of the light valve group. The structure shown in fig. 7 may allow for a larger eye-to-light valve group spacing, or may allow for a larger viewing angle.
In the case of dividing each pixel group into different V pixel blocks, the orthogonal sub-apertures of each light valve may be arranged adjacent to each other, as shown in fig. 8. In this case, the V orthogonal sub-apertures corresponding to the respective light valves must have mutually different orthogonal characteristics, that is, v=l. Fig. 8 illustrates an example of v=l=2.
In the above figures, the light valves and v=l sub-apertures are shown in the arrangement direction along the y-direction. In fact, their alignment direction may be in any direction.
When each pixel of the display device 11 is constituted by sub-pixels emitting W color lights, each of the above orthogonal sub-apertures may further be constituted by W wave molecular apertures which respectively allow only the W color lights to pass therethrough in one-to-one correspondence. The sub-pixels emitting the same color light on each pixel block form a sub-pixel block, for example, the sub-pixels emitting the R color light on the pixel block form an R sub-pixel block. For a pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture pair, the pixel block replaces the pixel group in fig. 5, and the orthogonal sub-aperture replaces the light valve in fig. 5, information loading is performed based on the process described in fig. 5. And then, respectively emitting the sub-pixel blocks of different colors of light from one pixel block-orthogonal sub-aperture, and emitting light information through different wave molecular apertures of the orthogonal sub-aperture. And each pixel block is operated in a same way as the orthogonal sub-aperture, and the number of projection views is increased through the introduction of the wave molecular aperture. Wherein each sub-pixel corresponds to a wave molecular aperture that allows its outgoing light to pass through. The control unit 30 controls each sub-pixel of the display device 11 to synchronously load the projection information of the scene to be displayed about the sub-pixel corresponding to the wave molecular aperture on the sub-pixel at each time point, wherein at each time point, each sub-pixel corresponding to the wave molecular aperture is in the corresponding view area of the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs, and the sub-pixel corresponds to the corresponding wave molecular aperture in the opened orthogonal sub-aperture at the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs.
In the embodiments described above, the light valves are each shown in an adjacent arrangement. In practice, there may be gaps between adjacent light valves or overlap may occur. The non-light valve area on the face of the light valve may be designed to be opaque to avoid the passage of light information projected by the display device 11. Ambient light information from the outside may be incident through an open light valve or various sub-apertures thereof to achieve spatial superposition of the displayed scene and the ambient light information. When the light valves or various sub-apertures thereof do not utilize polarization characteristics, the light information projected to each light valve by the display device 11 may be designed to have a polarization state, such as a left-hand polarization state. At this time, it is possible to design that the non-light valve area on the surface where the light valve is located is not completely opaque, but does not allow the polarized light projected by the display device 11 to pass therethrough, but allows other polarized light to pass therethrough to increase the incident luminous flux of the external ambient light. Each optical valve set can also be designed into various forms, such as a contact lens form, especially when one optical valve set only comprises one light valve consisting of W wave molecular apertures, the removal of the electric driving device required by the time switch can make the W wave molecular apertures easier to be placed close to the pupil of the observer in the form of a contact lens.
The core idea of the invention is to introduce a time sequence light valve with opening light to a multi-view area projection engine so as to build a three-dimensional display system which presents a three-dimensional scene which can be naturally focused to a plurality of users. And further through the design of the sub-aperture of the light valve, the display effect is improved. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the concept fall within the scope of the present invention. For example, various conventional multi-optic zone projection optical structures can be used as the multi-optic zone projection optical engine of the present patent. Accordingly, all such related embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing, comprising:
a multi-view projection optical engine (10) comprising a display device (11) and a view directing device (12), the display device (11) comprising a plurality of pixels capable of loading light information, the view directing device (12) being disposed at a position corresponding to the display device (11) for directing a propagation vector of light emitted by each pixel of the display device (11) such that M groups of pixels on the display device (11) respectively project light into M views corresponding to each other, each view pitch being set such that a viewer is unable to receive light emitted via the same view by binocular vision: along the direction of the binocular connecting line of the observer, the line degree of each visual area is not more than the difference value between the binocular distance of the observer and the diameter of the monocular pupil, wherein M is more than or equal to 2;
Wherein each pixel group is respectively composed of a part of pixels on the display device (11) and the composed pixels of different pixel groups are mutually different,
or each pixel group is respectively composed of at least part of pixels on the display device (11), the time points of information loading of the constituent pixels of different pixel groups containing the common pixels are different from each other, and the corresponding visual area of the pixel group to which each pixel belongs at each time point is the corresponding visual area of the pixel at the time point;
the light valve array (20), the light valve array (20) comprises N light valve groups, each light valve group is composed of K light valves, different light valves are respectively worn on different eyes (50), wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and K is more than or equal to 2;
the control unit (30), the control unit (30) is connected with display device (11) and light valve array (20) separately, the control unit (30) is used for controlling K light valves of every light valve group, in every time period delta T that T=K adjacent time points of taking delta T/K as time interval make up, the time sequence is opened, and at every time point, only one light valve of every light valve group is opened, and is used for controlling every pixel of the said display device (11) to load the projection information of the scene about correspondent view area in which the light valve is opened on the light information of this pixel synchronously;
The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing is arranged such that each light valve group sequentially directs a group of pixels corresponding to the viewing zone in which it is positioned to project more than one view to the eye corresponding to the light valve group based on time division multiplexing.
2. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein each pixel of the display device (11) is composed of W sub-pixels emitting W color lights, each light valve of the light valve array (20) is composed of W wave molecular apertures which respectively allow only the W color lights to pass therethrough in one-to-one correspondence, each sub-pixel corresponds to a wave molecular aperture allowing the emitted light thereof to pass therethrough;
and the control unit (30) can control each sub-pixel of the display device (11) to synchronously load the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the sub-pixel about the corresponding wave molecular aperture opened in the corresponding visual area of the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs at each time point.
3. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing as recited in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the view area guiding device (12) is a light splitting grating (121), the light splitting grating (121) is disposed between the display device (11) and the light valve array (20), and the M pixel groups are guided to respectively project corresponding light information to the M view areas based on a grating light splitting principle.
4. The multi-user facing, pupil division multiplexing based three dimensional display system according to any of claims 1-2, wherein the view area directing device (12) is a time sequential backlight device (122), the time sequential backlight device (122) comprising a time sequential light source array (1221) and a light converging device (1222), the light converging device (1222) being arranged between the time sequential light source array (1221) and the display device (11), wherein M light sources of the time sequential light source array (1221) are imaged by the light converging device (1222) to M image points, respectively, in a one-to-one correspondence, and each light source projects light diffracted by the display device (11) to form a respective corresponding view area at a corresponding image point.
5. Multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing according to any of claims 1-2, wherein the view area guiding device (12) is a sagittal modulation unit (123) placed between the display device (11) and the light valve array (20), the sagittal modulation unit (123) being composed of microstructure units of the display device (11) corresponding one-to-one to each pixel, each microstructure unit guiding the corresponding pixel to project a light beam to the corresponding view area of the pixel group to which the pixel belongs.
6. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, further comprising a tracking and positioning unit (40), wherein the tracking and positioning unit (40) is connected to the control unit (30) for tracking and positioning each light valve group and each light valve position in real time and determining the view area to which the position belongs, and the control unit (30) is capable of controlling the display device (11) to load information according to the view area to which each light valve belongs.
7. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing according to any of claims 1-2, further comprising a baffle (60), the baffle (60) being adapted to block out light transmitted by the display device (11) through the non-light valve area into the observer's eye (50).
8. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein each light valve is composed of L orthogonal sub-apertures corresponding to L orthogonal characteristics, each orthogonal sub-aperture allowing only light having the corresponding orthogonal characteristic to pass therethrough, blocking light having other L-1 orthogonal characteristics, wherein L is equal to or greater than 2;
the multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing is arranged in a way that in each pixel group, pixels with an interval of L-1 pixels are grouped, the L pixel groups emit light, the L pixel groups have the L orthogonal characteristics in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and an orthogonal sub-aperture allowing projection light of each pixel to pass through is the orthogonal sub-aperture corresponding to the pixel;
and the control unit (30) can control each pixel of the display device (11) to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the scene to be displayed, which is opened corresponding to the orthogonal sub-aperture in the view area corresponding to the pixel, on the pixel at each time point.
9. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein each light valve comprises V orthogonal sub-apertures arranged in the same order, each adjacent L orthogonal sub-apertures of which corresponds to L orthogonal characteristics, each orthogonal sub-aperture allowing only light having the corresponding orthogonal characteristic to pass therethrough, blocking light having other L-1 orthogonal characteristics, wherein V is equal to or greater than L is equal to 2;
the multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing is arranged such that each pixel group of a display device (11) is divided into V pixel blocks sequentially corresponding to V orthogonal sub-apertures of each light valve in a spatial arrangement order, each pixel block projects light to have an orthogonal characteristic corresponding to the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture, and each pixel uses the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture of the corresponding pixel block as the corresponding orthogonal sub-aperture of the pixel;
and the control unit (30) can control each pixel of the display device (11) to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the scene to be displayed, which is opened corresponding to the orthogonal sub-aperture in the view area corresponding to the pixel, on the pixel at each time point.
10. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the orthogonal characteristic is a mutually perpendicular line bias characteristic, a rotation direction different optical rotation characteristic, or a wavelength characteristic of a mutually complementary color, or a combination of any two or more of a mutually perpendicular line bias characteristic, a rotation direction different optical rotation characteristic, and a wavelength characteristic of a mutually complementary color.
11. The multi-user facing three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing according to any of claims 8 to 9, wherein each pixel of said display device (11) is composed of W sub-pixels for emitting W color lights, each orthogonal sub-aperture of each light valve of the light valve array (20) is composed of W wave molecular apertures which respectively allow only one of said W color lights to pass therethrough in one-to-one correspondence, each sub-pixel corresponding to a wave molecular aperture allowing its emitted light to pass therethrough;
and the control unit (30) can control each sub-pixel of the display device (11) to synchronously load the light information of the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the sub-pixel corresponding to the wave molecular aperture at each time point, wherein at each time point, each sub-pixel corresponding to the wave molecular aperture is in the corresponding visual area of the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs, and the sub-pixel corresponding to the pixel to which the sub-pixel belongs is opened to the corresponding wave molecular aperture in the orthogonal sub-aperture.
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