CN113359312B - Optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources - Google Patents
Optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113359312B CN113359312B CN202010152067.2A CN202010152067A CN113359312B CN 113359312 B CN113359312 B CN 113359312B CN 202010152067 A CN202010152067 A CN 202010152067A CN 113359312 B CN113359312 B CN 113359312B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- orthogonal characteristic
- light
- light source
- optical waveguide
- orthogonal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources, which comprises a time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array/time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array, a relay device, an orthogonal characteristic display device/non-orthogonal characteristic display device, an optical waveguide device, a converging device and a control device, wherein the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array/time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array comprises more than one orthogonal characteristic light source/non-orthogonal characteristic light source, each orthogonal characteristic light source/non-orthogonal characteristic light source is subjected to time sequence circulation switching in each circulation period formed by adjacent time points, and only one orthogonal characteristic light source/non-orthogonal characteristic light source is turned on at one time point. The spatial distribution of the light beams projected to the region where the pupil of the observer is positioned by each light source through the display device is designed, at least one or at least two-dimensional projection images of a scene to be displayed are projected to the pupil of the observer in one cycle period, and three-dimensional display for overcoming focusing-convergence conflict is realized based on Maxwell Wei Toushe or monocular multiple images.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional display, in particular to an optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources.
Background
Three-dimensional displays can provide more dimensional information than traditional two-dimensional displays, and are receiving more attention. The existing three-dimensional display technology mainly utilizes the binocular parallax principle to project a corresponding two-dimensional projection image to the binocular of an observer respectively, and realizes the three-dimensional visual presentation by exciting the depth perception of the brain through the intersection of binocular vision directions. In order to see the corresponding two-dimensional projection image, each eye needs to be focused on the display surface all the time, and the dual-purpose view direction passes through the display scene intersected on the output screen to realize depth perception, so that the focusing-convergence conflict problem is caused, namely, the single-eye focusing depth and the dual-eye convergence depth of an observer are inconsistent. Naturally, when an observer observes a real three-dimensional scene, the monocular depth of focus and the binocular depth of focus coincide with the spatial depth of the observer's point of interest. Therefore, the conventional optical device for realizing three-dimensional display based on binocular parallax only has an inherent focusing-convergence conflict contrary to the physiological habit of natural evolution of human body, thereby causing visual discomfort of an observer, which is a bottleneck problem currently preventing the popularization and application of the three-dimensional display technology.
Monocular multiple images (PCT/CN 2017/080874, three-dimentiomonal DISPLAY SYSTEM BASED ON DIVISION MULTIPLEXING OF VIEWER' SENTRANCE-PUPIL AND DISPLAY METHOD) and maxwellian view (US 2019/0204600,AUGMENTED REALITY OPTICS SYSTEM WITH PINPOINT MIRROR) are two technical paths that can solve the focus-convergence conflict problem. The display device projects two-dimensional projection images of at least two scenes to be displayed to each eye of an observer so as to realize that at least two light beams passing through each display object point are incident to any pupil of the observer along different sagittal directions, the light beams with different sagittal directions are spatially overlapped to form light spots, the light intensity distribution at the overlapped light spots has enough traction capability in a certain depth range, and eyes of the observer can be drawn to be freely focused on the overlapped light spots, so that the focusing-converging conflict problem is solved. In the latter, each pixel projects a light beam with small divergence to eyes of an observer, and the light beam has small light intensity variation along the transmission direction, so that the light intensity distribution of the light beam with small divergence at each depth has little difference on the traction capability of monocular focusing of the observer in a certain depth range on a transmission path, and binocular focusing can drag the monocular focusing of the observer to the binocular focusing depth in the depth range, thereby realizing consistency of the monocular focusing depth and the binocular focusing depth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources, which can be used as an eyepiece to build a three-dimensional display system without focusing-converging conflict. The multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module comprises a time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array/time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array, a relay device, an orthogonal characteristic display device or a non-orthogonal characteristic display device, an optical waveguide device, a converging device and a control device. Wherein the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array/time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array comprises more than one orthogonal characteristic light source, each orthogonal characteristic light source time sequence is sequentially circulated and switched on at each circulation period formed by adjacent time points, and only one orthogonal characteristic light source is switched on at one time point; wherein the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array comprises more than one orthogonal characteristic light source/non-orthogonal characteristic light source, the non-orthogonal characteristic light source time sequence is sequentially cycled on and off in each cycle period formed by adjacent time points, and only one non-orthogonal characteristic light source is turned on at one time point. The light emitted by each orthogonal characteristic light source or non-orthogonal characteristic light source is reduced in divergence by the relay device and then enters the display device, the light is modulated by each pixel of the display device, and the two-dimensional projection image information carrying the scene to be displayed is guided to the region where the pupil of the observer is located by the light waveguide device and the convergence device. The display device is designed to project the spatial distribution of the modulated light beams corresponding to different orthogonal characteristic light sources or non-orthogonal characteristic light sources to the region where the pupil of the observer is located, at least one or at least two-dimensional projection images of a scene to be displayed are projected to the pupil of the observer in one cycle period, and three-dimensional display for overcoming focusing-convergence conflict is realized based on Max Wei Toushe or/and monocular multiple images.
In order to overcome focusing-converging conflict, a time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array or a time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array is introduced into an optical waveguide optical display engine with a light and thin structure, and monocular free focusing display is realized based on monocular multiple images or/and a Maxwell Wei Toushe method, the invention provides the following scheme:
optical waveguide display module assembly based on many light sources includes:
the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array comprises M orthogonal characteristic light sources, is turned on in time sequence in each cycle period formed by adjacent M time points, and is turned on only one orthogonal characteristic light source at one time point, wherein M is equal to or larger than 2;
each orthogonal characteristic light source consists of L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources, the L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources and the L orthogonal characteristics are in one-to-one correspondence, and each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source only emits light with the corresponding orthogonal characteristic, wherein L is equal to or greater than 2;
the relay device is arranged at a position corresponding to the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array and used for modulating the emergent light of the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array and reducing the divergence of the emergent light of each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source;
an orthogonal characteristic display device including a plurality of pixels, the orthogonal characteristic display device being located at a position corresponding to the relay device such that the orthogonal characteristic display device loads and projects light information with light from the time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array via the relay device as a backlight;
In the pixels of the orthogonal characteristic display device, pixels of the (L-1) pixels are respectively grouped along at least one direction, so that the pixels of the orthogonal characteristic display device are divided into L orthogonal characteristic pixel groups, the L orthogonal characteristic pixel groups and L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of each orthogonal characteristic light source are respectively in one-to-one correspondence, the pixels of each orthogonal characteristic pixel group only allow light projected by the corresponding orthogonal characteristic sub-light source to be incident, load and project light information, and cut off light projected by other non-corresponding orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources;
an optical waveguide device including an optical waveguide body, an entrance pupil, an in-coupling device, a reflecting surface, an out-coupling device, and an exit pupil, the optical waveguide device being disposed at a position corresponding to the orthogonal characteristic display device such that light projected by the orthogonal characteristic display device can enter the optical waveguide body through the entrance pupil, the optical waveguide device guiding the light projected by the orthogonal characteristic display device incident through the entrance pupil to be transmitted in the optical waveguide body through the in-coupling device and the reflecting surface, and being coupled out by the out-coupling device through the exit pupil;
a converging device for modulating the light coupled out by the coupling-out device and guiding the light coupled out by the coupling-out device to transmit to the region where the pupil of the observer is located;
the control device is respectively connected with the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array and the orthogonal characteristic display device, and is used for controlling each cycle period formed by M orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array at adjacent M time points, one time point is sequentially opened only one time point, and synchronously loading corresponding light information to each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device;
The multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module is arranged so that each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device projects at most only one beam of light to enter the pupil of the observer at a time point, and the corresponding loading light information is the projection information of the light beam projected along the pixel and entering the area where the pupil of the observer is positioned, and the projection information of the scene to be displayed is on the intersection point of the vector and the plane where the pupil of the observer is positioned.
Further, each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source is a line light source, and in each cycle period, each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device is at least equal to the number of pixels included in two orthogonal characteristic pixel groups under the condition that corresponding light information is loaded.
Further, each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source is a point light source, and in each cycle period, each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device is at least equal to the number of pixels included in one orthogonal characteristic pixel group under the condition that corresponding light information is loaded.
Further, the converging means are compounded to the coupling-out means.
Further, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources further comprises an auxiliary relay device, which is arranged between the orthogonal characteristic display device and the optical waveguide device and is used for modulating the incident light of the optical waveguide device.
Further, the auxiliary relay device is a scaling device for adjusting the size of the light projected by the orthogonal characteristic display device at the entrance pupil and guiding the light projected by the orthogonal characteristic display device to be incident on the coupling-in device.
Further, the auxiliary relay device is a filtering component, and the filtering component generates a spectrum surface of the orthogonal characteristic display device through optical transformation and filters on the spectrum surface.
Further, the auxiliary relay device is a deflection guiding device for deflecting and guiding the light projected by the orthogonal property display device to the incident coupling-in device.
Further, the optical waveguide display module based on the multiple light sources further comprises a compensation unit which is arranged between the external environment and the optical waveguide device and used for eliminating the influence of the converging device on the incident light of the external environment.
Further, the optical waveguide display module based on the multiple light sources further comprises a tracking device connected with the control device and used for tracking and determining the spatial position of the pupil of the observer in real time.
Further, according to the spatial position of the pupil of the observer determined by the tracking device, the control device can select K of M orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array in real time as effective orthogonal characteristic light sources, and the control device can control the K effective orthogonal characteristic light sources to work in time sequence switches in each effective cycle period formed by adjacent K time points and refresh each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device with corresponding light information synchronously, wherein K is less than or equal to 2.
Further, the control device can select, at each time point, an orthogonal characteristic light source where the projection light enters the observer pupil 500 according to the spatial position of the observer pupil determined by the tracking device as an effective orthogonal characteristic light source, control L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of the effective orthogonal characteristic light source to be turned on, and synchronously refresh each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device with corresponding light information.
In addition, the invention also provides another scheme:
optical waveguide display module assembly based on many light sources includes:
the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array comprises M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources, is turned on in time sequence in each cycle period formed by adjacent M time points, and is turned on only one non-orthogonal characteristic light source at one time point, wherein M is larger than or equal to 2;
the relay device is arranged at a position corresponding to the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array and used for modulating the emergent light of the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array and reducing the divergence of the emergent light of each non-orthogonal characteristic light source;
a non-orthogonal characteristic display device including a plurality of pixels, the non-orthogonal characteristic display device being located at a position corresponding to the relay device such that the non-orthogonal characteristic display device loads and projects light information with light from the time-series non-orthogonal characteristic light source array via the relay device as a backlight;
An optical waveguide device including an optical waveguide body, an entrance pupil, an in-coupling device, a reflecting surface, an out-coupling device, and an exit pupil, the optical waveguide device being disposed at a position corresponding to the non-orthogonal characteristic display device through the in-coupling device and the reflecting surface such that light projected from the non-orthogonal characteristic display device is incident through the pupil to the optical waveguide body, the optical waveguide device guiding the light projected from the non-orthogonal characteristic display device incident through the entrance pupil to be transmitted in the optical waveguide body, and being out-coupled by the out-coupling device through the exit pupil;
a converging device for modulating the light coupled out by the coupling-out device and guiding the light coupled out by the coupling-out device to transmit to the region where the pupil of the observer is located;
a control device, which is connected with the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array and the non-orthogonal characteristic display device respectively, and is used for controlling each cycle period formed by M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array at adjacent M time points, one time point is sequentially opened only one by one, and synchronously loading corresponding light information to each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device;
the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module is arranged so that each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device projects at most one beam of light to enter the pupil of an observer at one time point, the corresponding loading light information is the sagittal direction of the light beam projected along the pixel and entering the area where the pupil of the observer is positioned, the projection information of a scene to be displayed on the intersection point of the sagittal direction and the plane where the pupil of the observer is positioned is projected, and each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device projects at least two beams of light to enter the pupil of the observer under the condition that the corresponding light information is loaded in each cycle period.
Further, each of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources is a line light source.
Further, each of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources is a point light source.
Further, the converging means are compounded to the coupling-out means.
Further, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources further comprises an auxiliary relay device arranged between the non-orthogonal characteristic display device and the optical waveguide device and used for modulating incident light of the optical waveguide device.
Further, the auxiliary relay device is a scaling device for adjusting the size of the light projected by the orthogonal characteristic display device at the entrance pupil and guiding the light projected by the orthogonal characteristic display device to be incident on the coupling-in device.
Further, the auxiliary relay device is a filtering component, and the filtering component generates a spectrum surface of the orthogonal characteristic display device through optical transformation and filters on the spectrum surface.
Further, the auxiliary relay device is a deflection guiding device for deflecting and guiding the incident coupling-in device of the projected light of the orthogonal characteristic display device.
Further, the optical waveguide display module based on the multiple light sources further comprises a compensation unit which is arranged between the external environment and the optical waveguide device and is used for eliminating the influence of the convergence device on the incident light of the external environment.
Further, the optical waveguide display module based on the multiple light sources further comprises a tracking device connected with the control device and used for tracking and determining the spatial position of the pupil of the observer in real time.
Further, according to the spatial position of the pupil determined by the tracking device, the control device can select K out of M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array as effective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources in real time, and the control device can control the time sequence switching operation of the K effective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources in each effective cycle period formed by adjacent K time points, and refresh each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device with corresponding optical information synchronously, wherein K is equal to or less than 2.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention utilizes the time sequence to open the light source to project different two-dimensional projection images of the target scene along different sagittal directions, relieves the excessive requirement on the number of the light sources through the design of the linear light source, and improves the number of the two-dimensional projection images through the design of the orthogonal characteristic. Finally, the optical waveguide device and the convergence device are guided to the pupils of the observer, and a display module capable of displaying based on monocular multi-image or/and Maxwell Wei Toushe method is built. The optical waveguide display module based on the multiple light sources has a light and thin structure, is suitable for being used as an eyepiece to build a binocular display system, and can effectively improve three-dimensional visual comfort through overcoming focusing-converging conflict.
The details of embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings or the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings and description of the embodiments illustrate the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical structure of a display module using a light source array with time-series orthogonal characteristics.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary converging device of a display module using a linear light source.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a binocular display structure using a multi-light source based optical waveguide display module as an eyepiece.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a display module using a multi-component type coupling-out device.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide device employing additional types of coupling and coupling-out devices.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a coupling-out device and a display module combined with a convergence device.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a display module using a multi-component convergence device.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a multi-component type coupling-out device and a display module combined with a multi-component type convergence device.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a stacked display module structure based on orthogonal characteristic primitive modules.
Fig. 10 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an auxiliary relay device.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another pixel grouping scheme for orthogonal property pixel groups.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an optical structure of a display module employing a time-series non-orthogonal characteristic light source array.
Fig. 13 is a two schematic views of a binocular display structure using a multi-light source based optical waveguide display module as an eyepiece.
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a second structure of a display module using a multi-component type coupling-out device.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide device employing an additional type of coupling device and coupling-out device.
Fig. 16 is a diagram showing a second structure of the coupling-out device and the display module combined with the convergence device.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a display module using a multi-component convergence device.
Fig. 18 is a diagram showing a second structure of a multi-component type coupling-out device and a display module combined with a multi-component type convergence device.
Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a stacked display module structure based on non-orthogonal characteristic cell modules.
Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of two examples of auxiliary relay devices.
Detailed Description
According to the multi-light-source-based optical waveguide display module, the sequential orthogonal characteristic light source array/the sequential non-orthogonal characteristic light source array emergent light is introduced to serve as sagittal backlight of the optical waveguide optical display engine, a plurality of two-dimensional projection images of a scene to be displayed are projected to the area where the pupil of an observer is located, and free focusing three-dimensional scene presentation is achieved based on a monocular multi-image or/and Max Wei Toushe method. The binocular display structure is built by using the optical waveguide display module based on the multiple light sources as two eyepieces, so that the consistency of the monocular focusing depth and the binocular focusing depth can be realized.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a basic structure of an optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources, including a time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array 110, a relay device 20, an orthogonal characteristic display device 310, an optical waveguide device 40, a converging device 50 and a control device 60, the control device 60 being connected to the time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array 110 and the orthogonal characteristic display device 310, respectively. The sequential orthogonal characteristic light source array 110 includes m+.2 orthogonal characteristic light sources, and each orthogonal characteristic light source is composed of l+.2 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources. The L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of each orthogonal characteristic light source are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the L orthogonal characteristics. Each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source emits only light corresponding to the orthogonal characteristic. Fig. 1 exemplifies m=3 and l=2. M=3 orthogonal characteristic light sources OS 1 、OS 2 、OS 3 Each corresponding to includes l=2 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources OS 11 And OS (operating system) 12 、OS 21 And OS (operating system) 22 、OS 31 And OS (operating system) 32 . In fig. 1, l=2 orthogonal characteristics are exemplified by two lines of polarized light whose polarized directions are perpendicular to each other, and are denoted by "·" and "-", respectively. Specifically, an orthotropic sub-light source OS 11 、OS 21 And OS (operating system) 31 Emitting "-" light, orthogonal characteristic sub-light source OS 12 、OS 22 And OS (operating system) 32 And emitting ". Cndot." light. M=3 orthogonal characteristic light sources are controlled by the control device 60 and time-switched in each cycle period composed of adjacent m=3 time points. And at one point in time, only l=2 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of one orthogonal characteristic light source are controlled by the control device 60 to be turned on simultaneously, projecting outgoing light to the relay device 20. Specifically, at time point t, only orthogonal characteristic light source OS 1 Orthogonal characteristic sub-light source OS of (2) 11 And OS (operating system) 12 Open, OS 21 、OS 22 、OS 31 And OS (operating system) 32 All are closed; at time point t+Δt/3, only orthogonal characteristic light source OS 2 Orthogonal characteristic sub-light source OS of (2) 21 And OS (operating system) 22 Open, OS 11 、OS 12 、OS 31 And OS (operating system) 32 All are closed; and so on. The relay device 20 reduces the divergence of the light emitted from each orthogonal-characteristic sub-light source. In fig. 1, the relay device 20 is specifically taken as a lens, and the pitch of the time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array 110 is set equal to the focal length of the relay device 20. The light projected from the light emitting points of the respective orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources is converted into parallel light having zero divergence by the relay device 20. The light modulated by the relay device 20 is incident on the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 as a sagittal backlight. The orthogonal characteristic display device 310 is composed of an arrangement of pixels, each of which performs optical information loading and projection by modulating the corresponding incident light. Among the pixels of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310, pixels spaced apart by (L-1) =1 pixels in at least one direction respectively constitute pixel groups, and thus the pixels of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 are divided into l=2 pixel groups. The L=2 pixel groups and the L=2 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of each orthogonal characteristic light source are respectively in one-to-one correspondence, the pixels of each pixel group only allow the corresponding orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources to project light to enter for modulation, and the other sub-light sources are cut off The non-corresponding orthogonal sub-light sources project light. As shown in the lower left of fig. 1, the pixel identified with "-" allows only "-" light to be incident, then loads the corresponding light information and projects a light beam carrying the loaded information, turning off "·" light; the pixels identified by "·" only allow "·" light to be incident, then load the corresponding light information and project a light beam carrying the loaded information, turning off the "-" light. In the orthogonal property display device 310, the pixel group imaged by the pixel identified with "-" is named "-" pixel group, and the pixel group imaged by the pixel identified with "·" is named "·" pixel group. At one point in time, the sagittal backlights projected by the relay device 20 by the l=2 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources turned on are respectively loaded with light information by the pixels of the respective corresponding pixel groups and projected, independently of each other. That is, l=2 pixel groups of the orthogonal property display device 310 may be L equivalent display screens independent of each other, and light from the corresponding orthogonal property sub-light source is used as a sagittal backlight, and light information is loaded and projected independently of each other. Different positions of the sub-light sources with respect to the relay device 20 with different orthogonality properties result in different pixel groups corresponding to different sagittal backlights, and the same pixel group also corresponds to different sagittal backlights at different time points of one cycle period. The optical waveguide device 40 includes an optical waveguide 401, an entrance pupil 405, a coupling device 402, reflective surfaces 403a,403b, an coupling device 404, and an exit pupil 406, and guides the orthogonal display device projection light to be coupled out through the exit pupil 406. The converging device 50 is disposed on the transmission path of the light coupled out by the coupling-out device 404, and guides the light to converge and transmit toward the region where the pupil 500 of the observer is located. In fig. 1, the in-coupling device 402 and the out-coupling device 404 are each exemplified by a reflective surface, the entrance pupil 405 and the exit pupil 406 are represented by dashed lines, and the converging device 50 is specifically exemplified by a lens. The term "off" in this embodiment means that, after light having non-corresponding orthogonal characteristics enters a pixel, the pixel does not emit light. The term "no outgoing light" is not an absolute concept, and means that the outgoing ratio of the pixel to the incoming light having the non-corresponding orthogonal characteristic is not more than 10% of the former with respect to the incoming light having the corresponding orthogonal characteristic, so as to ensure that the influence of the pixel as noise on the display quality is not significant.
FIG. 1 light source OS with orthogonal characteristics 1 Orthogonal of (2)Specific sub-light source OS 11 And OS (operating system) 12 The time t when the switch is turned on is described as an example. Orthotropic sub-light source OS 11 And OS (operating system) 12 The emergent light is converged to the corresponding convergence point I by the relay device 20, the optical waveguide device 40 and the convergence device 50 OS11 And I OS12 . From the two orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources OS 11 And OS (operating system) 12 Is modulated by the pixels of the "-" pixel group and "·" pixel group, respectively. For clarity of illustration, only three pixels p of the "·" pixel group are shown in fig. 1 1 、p 2 And p 3 And their transmission paths respectively corresponding to the modulated light beams. With pixel p 1 For example, from an orthogonal characteristic sub-light source OS 12 After being modulated, the incident light beam enters the optical waveguide 401 through the entrance pupil 405 of the optical waveguide device 40, is guided in the optical waveguide 401 through the coupling device 402 and the reflecting surfaces 403a, 403b, enters the coupling device 404, is modulated by the coupling device 404, passes through the exit pupil 406, and passes through the converging device 50 to the converging point I along the sagittal direction "1 OS12 And (5) transmission. The area where the convergence point is located is also the area where the observer's pupil 500 is located, then pixel p 1 The projected beam is also directed in the sagittal "1" direction to the convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located OS12 And (5) projection. Similarly, pixel p 2 And p 3 The modulated light beam passes through the components toward the convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located OS12 Projections are made in the sagittal directions "2" and "3", respectively. Other pixels, not shown, similarly modulate the incident light beam from the corresponding orthotropic sub-light source and project in the corresponding sagittal direction toward the corresponding convergence point of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located. Each pixel modulates the light information loaded by the corresponding incident light beam, and the light information is the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the intersection point of the sagittal direction and the plane of the observer pupil 500, wherein the projection information is the sagittal direction of the light beam projected by the pixel and the area of the observer pupil 500. The light information loaded by each pixel of a group of pixels is a two-dimensional projected image of the scene to be displayed. At time t, then, the orthogonal characteristic sub-light source OS 12 The emergent light is modulated by each pixel of the "·" pixel group, and carries a two-dimensional projection image of the scene to be displayed to the convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located OS12 Projecting; at the same time, orthotropic sub-light source OS 11 The emergent light is modulated by each pixel of the "-" pixel group, and carries the information of another two-dimensional projection image of the scene to be displayed to the convergence point I of the region where the observer pupil 500 is located OS11 And (5) projection.
Similarly, at time t+Δt/3, the orthogonal property display device 310 directs the observer's pupil 500 to the convergence point I of the region OS21 And I OS22 Respectively projecting two-dimensional projection images; at time t+2Δt/3, the orthogonality display 310 is toward the convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located OS31 And I OS32 Two-dimensional projection images are projected, respectively. Then, the orthogonal property display device 310 projects 6 different two-dimensional projection images to m×l=3×2=6 convergence points of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located, respectively, in one cycle period composed of m=3 time points.
The above process is performed in the same manner in other cycle periods.
The orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources are divided into two categories. The first type is a line light source, and m×l=6 linear orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of the time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array 110 are arranged in a one-dimensional direction. As shown in the lower right-hand dotted line box (1) of fig. 1, mxl=6 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources are arranged in the x-direction, each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source being a line light source in the y-direction. In fig. 1, the observer's pupil 500 is located at the convergence point of each orthogonal-characteristic sub-light source. When the orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources are linear, the convergence points corresponding to the respective orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources are dot-shaped only along the arrangement direction of the orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources, and are linear along the line of the orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources. Therefore, the converging points of the light projected from each linear orthogonal sub-light source arranged along the x-direction are specifically referred to as x-direction converging points in this embodiment. In practice, considering the light intensity, each linear light source may also be intentionally designed to have a certain width, i.e. be a thick linear light source. Considering the diffraction effect of the pixel structure, each pixel emits light beam with a certain x-direction divergence angle during transmission, thereby causing the x-direction convergence point corresponding to each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source arranged along the x-direction, i.e. I in FIG. 1 OS11 、I OS12 、I OS21 、I OS21 、I OS31 、I OS32 Is not strictly in the x-directionPoints of significance, but of a certain size. The "x-direction divergence angle" refers to a divergence angle in a plane formed along the x-direction and the light transmission direction. The x-direction divergence angle of the outgoing light beam of each pixel should be designed to be small enough to ensure that the size of the light distribution area with the intensity value of greater than 50% of the intensity maximum along the x-direction of the light beam projected by each pixel and incident on the area where the observer's pupil 500 is located is smaller than the diameter D of the observer's pupil 500 p . In this case, at least two x-directional convergence points intersect the observer pupil 500, i.e., the distance between adjacent x-directional convergence points is smaller than the diameter D of the observer pupil 500 p At this time, the light information corresponding to the at least two-dimensional projection images corresponding to the at least two x-direction convergence points is received by the corresponding eyes through the observer's pupils 500. Then, at least two light beams are incident on the observer's pupil 500 through one display object point, thereby realizing a three-dimensional display without focus-convergence conflict based on a monocular multi-image. In FIG. 1, the x-direction convergence point I OS11 、I OS12 And I OS31 Falls within the observer's pupil 500 and is displayed based on a monocular multiple image. In practice, the observer's pupil 500 may also deviate from the plane in which the x-direction convergence point lies. At this time, the observer's pupil 500 may not be able to receive all the light beams projected by the pixels of the two pixel groups completely. In practice, different portions of different two-dimensional projection images may be stitched together to form a stitched two-dimensional projection image. The number of pixels contained in the split type two-dimensional projection image is optimally equal to the number of pixels of the two-dimensional projection image, the pixel distribution range of the split type two-dimensional projection image is approximately consistent with that of the two-dimensional projection image, and the deviation is not more than K times of the pixel pitch. The monocular multi-image display is realized by at least two-dimensional images projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in one cycle period, and each of the two-dimensional images may be a two-dimensional projected image or a split-type two-dimensional projected image. In other words, it is required that "the number of beams of light projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in the case where the corresponding light information is loaded for each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 in each cycle period is at least equal to the number of pixels included in the two orthogonal characteristic pixel groups". At this time, two light beams are incident on the observer's pupil 500 after passing through one display object point, thereby being based on monocular multiple The image is displayed.
The presence of the linear orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources causes the light beam projected by each pixel and incident on the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located to diverge in the y-direction, i.e., a y-direction diverging light beam. The "y-direction diverging beam" in this embodiment means that the beam has a divergence angle in a plane formed by the transmission direction and the y-direction, that is, the y-direction divergence angle. The beam waist position of the light beam projected by each pixel and incident on the region where the observer pupil 500 is located along the y-direction should be designed to be as close to the display scene as possible or directly within the display scene as optimal along the depth z-direction. The beam waist along the y-direction refers to the beam waist in the plane formed by the y-direction and the beam propagation direction, and is also "virtual" and is the beam waist perceived by the eye when the eye receives the beam. The advantage of this is that when light beams from different pixels are superimposed to form a light spot, the size of the superimposed light spot along the y-direction is smaller, which is beneficial to improving the attractive force of the spot to the monocular focus of an observer and improving the resolution of the display scene along the y-direction. The placement of the y-direction beam waist of the divergent light beam projected by each pixel near or even at the display scene may be accomplished by optical design, e.g., each pixel is imaged by the light guide device to fall within the focal length of the lenticular converging device 50, as a virtual image by the converging device 50. As another example, a converging device 50 constructed of a y-concave cylindrical lens 501 and a convex lens 502 as shown in fig. 2 is employed, the y-concave cylindrical lens of which is phase-modulated only in the y-direction. The y-direction diverging beam from each pixel diverges through the y-direction concave cylindrical lens 501, and the y-direction beam waist guiding the y-direction diverging beam is modulated to a focal length range of the convex lens 502 to form a virtual image. It should be noted that the converging device 50 formed by the y-concave cylindrical lens 501 and the convex lens 502 will result in each pixel no longer having a strictly corresponding image. At this time, the realization of monocular multi-image display is also required to follow the above requirements: "the number of beams projected to the observer's pupil 500 in one cycle period is at least equal to the number of pixels included in the two orthogonal characteristic pixel groups". At this time, the sagittal component of the beam projected by a pixel, such as the sagittal component "1" described above, in the plane formed by the y-direction and the transmission direction is often selected to be directed to the observer's pupil 500, or the most frequently occurring position of the observer's pupil 500.
Another type of orthotropic sub-light source is a point light source. As shown in the lower right-hand dotted box (2) of fig. 1, mxl=6 dot-like orthogonal-characteristic sub-light sources are arranged in the x-direction. The m×l=6 punctiform orthorhombic characteristic sub-light sources OS 11 、OS 12 、OS 21 、OS 22 、OS 31 、OS 32 The projection beams are respectively converged at the corresponding convergence points I OS11 、I OS12 、I OS21 、I OS21 、I OS31 、I OS32 . The observer's pupil 500 is located at the convergence point. Unlike the case of a linear orthogonal characteristic sub-light source, when a dot-shaped orthogonal characteristic sub-light source is used, each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source is dot-shaped in both x-direction and y-direction through the convergence point of the convergence device. For clarity of illustration, the individual orthographic characteristic sub-light sources are represented by larger circles "∈o" in fig. 1. Diffraction caused by a pixel structure and an actual physical light source are considered to be not ideal point light sources, and each pixel has a certain divergence angle when transmitting emergent light beams. In practice, each point-like light source may be intentionally designed to have a certain size in consideration of the light intensity. The divergence angle should be designed to be small enough to ensure that the size of the light distribution area in the xy plane where each pixel projects and strikes the area where the observer's pupil 500 is located, where the intensity value is greater than 50% of the intensity maximum, is smaller than the observer's pupil 500 size. In this case, if the convergence point of the light beams projected from at least two orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources is covered by the observer's pupil 500, that is, the distance between adjacent convergence points of the light beams projected from the orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources is smaller than the diameter D of the observer's pupil 500 p At this time, the light information carried by the at least two-dimensional projection images corresponding to the at least two orthogonal-characteristic sub-light sources is received by the corresponding eyes through the observer's pupils 500. Then, at least two light beams are incident on the observer's pupil 500 through one display object point, thereby realizing a three-dimensional display without focus-convergence conflict based on a monocular multi-image. In FIG. 1, convergence point I OS11 、I OS12 And I OS31 Falling within the observer's pupil 500, may be displayed based on a monocular multiple image.
If only one convergence point of the light beam projected by the point-like orthogonal characteristic sub-light source falls into the viewWhen the observer's pupil 500, i.e. the distance between adjacent convergence points is greater than the observer's pupil 500 diameter D p The orthographic sub-light source corresponds to a two-dimensional projection image that is received by the corresponding eye through the observer's pupil 500. Overcoming focus-convergence conflicts may be performed based on maxwell Wei Toushe.
In practice, the observer's pupil 500 may also deviate from the plane in which the convergence point lies. At this time, the observer's pupil 500 may not receive the light beams projected by all pixels of one pixel group. In practice, different portions of different two-dimensional projection images may be stitched together to form a stitched two-dimensional projection image, as described above. The number of pixels contained in the split type two-dimensional projection image is optimally equal to the number of pixels of the two-dimensional projection image, the pixel distribution range of the split type two-dimensional projection image is approximately consistent with that of the two-dimensional projection image, and the deviation is not more than K times of the pixel pitch. The monocular multi-image display is realized by at least two-dimensional images projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in one cycle period, and each of the two-dimensional images may be a two-dimensional projected image or a split-type two-dimensional projected image. In other words, it is required that "the number of beams of light projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in the case where the corresponding light information is loaded for each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 in each cycle period is at least equal to the number of pixels included in the two orthogonal characteristic pixel groups". When the number of light beams projected to the pupil 500 of the observer is between the number of pixels included in one orthogonal characteristic pixel group and the number of pixels included in one orthogonal characteristic pixel group, the two mechanisms of monocular multi-image and maxwell projection work together, and monocular free focusing can also be achieved.
When the orthogonal characteristic sub light sources are point light sources, the arrangement of the orthogonal characteristic light sources may be extended to two-dimensional directions. In this embodiment, in the description of the distribution of the orthogonal characteristic light sources along one dimension or two dimensions, the "dimension" in the "one dimension or two dimensions" may be a dimension along a straight line or a dimension along a curve.
In this process, when mxl is small, the portion of the projected mxl two-dimensional projection image that is incident on the pupil 500 may not meet the requirement for monocular multi-image or max Wei Toushe display, for example, when the pupil 500 of the observer deviates from the convergence point of the projection beam of the orthogonal characteristic sub-light source or the surface where the x-direction convergence point is located is far. At this time, a larger mxl may direct more two-dimensional projection images to the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located at more points in time within a cycle to facilitate monocular multiple images or the satisfaction of the maxwellian Wei Toushe display requirements. In addition, more two-dimensional projection images are guided and projected to the area where the observer pupil 500 is located, and the corresponding light beam can cover a larger space near the observer pupil 500, so that a larger space view (eye-box) is constructed for the observer pupil 500, so that when the observer pupil 500 is displaced to a certain extent, the requirement of monocular multi-view or Max Wei Toushe display can still be met. The "region where the pupil of the observer is located" in this patent refers to a region including the visual zone. In practice, the sagittal direction and the position of the region where the incident light of each pixel is incident on the pupil 500 of the observer are related to the shape (parallel light, divergent light, convergent light) of the incident light of the light source after passing through the relay device 20, the characteristics of each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310, the spatial position of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 relative to the optical waveguide device 40, the characteristics of the optical waveguide device 40 (including the modulation characteristics of the incident light by the coupling device 402 and the coupling-out device 404, the thickness of the optical waveguide 401, and the like), and the design needs to be performed based on methods such as ray tracing, so as to better meet the requirements of implementing monocular multiple images or/and display according to the max Wei Toushe method in this embodiment.
The optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources in this embodiment is used as an eyepiece, and corresponds to one pupil of an observer. The two optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources are used as two eyepieces corresponding to the left pupil 500 and the right pupil 500' of the observer respectively, a binocular display structure shown in fig. 3 can be built, and the binocular three-dimensional display without focusing-converging conflict is realized based on a monocular multiple image or/and a Maxwell Wei Toushe method as a three-dimensional display optical system. Each of the multiple light source-based optical waveguide display modules shown in fig. 3 has only a block replaced with some components such as the time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array 110, the relay lens 20, and the orthogonal characteristic display device 310; other partial components, such as partial components of optical waveguide device 40, may be omitted or directly omitted. Such simplification, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, will also appear in the following partial illustrations of the present embodiment, and are not expressly described.
The optical waveguide device 40 shown in fig. 1 may also employ a coupling-out device 404 composed of multiple components to achieve pupil expansion. Such an out-coupling device is referred to herein as a multi-component out-coupling device 404. The half-mirror 404a and the reflective surface 404b as shown in fig. 4 are two components of the multi-component outcoupling device 404. The same pixel projects light into different sagittal light beams due to different exit points through different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 404. In this patent, the light beams with different sagittal directions or different spatial positions are regarded as different sagittal directions. For beams exiting the display scene, the different sagittal beams correspond to different optical information. While different light beams coupled out by different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 404 carry the same optical information, it is desirable to avoid that they are incident on the observer's pupil 500 at the same time. Therefore, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources of this patent requires that "each pixel projects only one beam at most to enter the pupil 500 of the observer at one time point". In performing mydriasis, it is desirable that different light beams from the same pixel, coupled out by different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 404, have a sufficiently large spatial separation on the face of the observer's pupil 500 to ensure that they do not simultaneously impinge on the observer's pupil 500. As shown in fig. 4, the light beams from one pixel, which exit through half-mirror 404a and reflecting surface 404b, respectively, in the sagittal directions "4" and "4'", are at a distance d from the plane of the observer's pupil 500 1 Is larger than the diameter D of the observer's pupil 500 p . At this time, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources needs to be introduced into the tracking device 90, where the tracking device is connected to the control device and is used for real-time tracking and determining the spatial position of the pupil 500 of the observer, and for each pixel, determining which beam of light is incident on the pupil 500 of the observer from different beams of light coupled by different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 404, and then determining the loading information of the pixel according to the sagittal direction of the beam of light incident on the pupil 500 of the observer:the information loaded by each pixel is the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the intersection point of the sagittal direction of the light beam projected by the pixel and incident on the pupil 500 of the observer. In addition, as described above, the sagittal component of the beam projected by a pixel in the plane of the y-direction and the transmission direction is often selected to be directed toward the observer's pupil 500, where the position of the observer's pupil 500 also needs to be determined by the tracking device 90.
In the above figures, the in-coupling device 402 and the out-coupling device 404 are illustrated as semi-transparent and semi-reflective surfaces, respectively. In practice, the optical waveguide device 40 in the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module may employ other various types of optical waveguide devices, such as the optical waveguide devices of the coupling device 402 and the coupling-out device 404 in fig. 5 using a grating or a hologram device. In this case, if pupil expansion is performed, the coupling-out device 404 also needs to be designed as a multi-component coupling-out device, and adjacent components thereof may be connected adjacently, or may overlap, or even partially overlap in common. When one pixel projects light to enter one component of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404, part of the projected light is coupled out by the coupling-out device 404, enters the region where the pupil 500 of the observer is located along the corresponding vector direction, and the other part of the projected light is reflected by the reflecting surfaces 403a,403b following the reflection rule, and then enters the other component of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 again, and the above is repeated. The distance between the two adjacent coupled-out light beams on the surface of the observer pupil 500 is designed to be larger than the diameter D of the observer pupil 500 p . A compensation unit 80 may be further introduced into the multi-light source based optical waveguide display module, interposed between the external environment and the optical waveguide device 40, as shown in fig. 5, for eliminating the influence of the convergence device 50 on the external environment incident light.
The functionality of the converging means 50 may also be compounded to other components, such as a holographic device with a reflective concave lens function may be used as the coupling-out device 404 compounded with the converging means 50, as shown in fig. 6 for the coupling-out device 404. The out-coupling device 404, comprising the out-coupling device 404 combined with the converging device 50, may be designed to modulate only light transmitted along the optical waveguide 401 by reflection from the reflecting surfaces 403a,403b, and not modulate light incident from the external environment at other angles, i.e. to have angle-selective properties. Coupling device 402 is shown as a reflective surface in fig. 6.
It should be noted that, when pupil expansion is considered, there may be cases where at least two light beams of light projected by each pixel are coupled out by the multi-component coupling-out device 404 and inevitably simultaneously enter the observer's pupil 500 by the converging device 50. For example, in FIG. 4, the beam sagittal "4" and "4'" would be focused at their focal planes by the converging device 50. If the observer pupil 500 is exactly at the focal plane, it is unavoidable that the non-single beam projected by the pixel due to dilation will simultaneously enter the observer pupil 500. The use of a multi-component convergence device 50 may help solve this problem. The multi-component converging device 50 is composed of a plurality of components, for example, a plurality of lenses as components, such as a lens 50a and a lens 50b shown in fig. 7. The components of the multi-component type converging device 50 and the components of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the components of the multi-component type converging device 50 are respectively in correspondence to guide the light coupled out by the components of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404. By designing the spatial distribution of the non-single light beam projected by each pixel due to the dilated pupil, it is ensured that the two or more light beams projected by each pixel do not strike the observer pupil 500 at the same time. In the example shown in fig. 7, the lenses 50a and 50b are two components of the multi-component converging device 50, the lens 50a is responsible for guiding the light coupled out by the component reflecting surface 404a of the multi-component coupling-out device 404, and the lens 50b is responsible for guiding the light coupled out by the component reflecting surface 404b of the multi-component coupling-out device 404. With reasonable design, the two beams projected by the pupil expansion through lenses 50a and 50b, respectively, as shown at 5 and 5 'in fig. 7, may not be incident on the observer's pupil 500 at the same time. Likewise, the multi-component convergence device 50 may also be combined with the multi-component coupling-out device 404. At this time, the components of the multi-component type convergence device 50 correspond to the components of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404, as shown at 404a and 404b in fig. 8. In this case, if the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 combined with the multi-component type condensing device 50 has an angle selective characteristic, for example, a hologram device is used as the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 combined with the multi-component type condensing device 50, which modulates only light reflected from the reflecting surfaces 403a,403b along the optical waveguide 401 and does not modulate light incident from the external environment along other angles, the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module can be used as an eyepiece of an AR optical system without the compensation unit 80
In the example shown in fig. 1, the light emitted from the light emitting point of each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source is incident on the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 in a form corresponding to parallel light through the relay device 20. In practice, the light emitted from the light emitting points of the respective orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources may be non-parallel light through the relay device 20. For example, the light emitting points of the orthogonal-characteristic sub-light sources emit light to be condensed by the relay device 20 to be incident on the optical waveguide device 40, and the condensed points of the light emitted from the respective orthogonal-characteristic sub-light sources can be drawn toward the condensing device 50.
As described above, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources of the present embodiment can project m×l two-dimensional projection images of a scene to be rendered in each cycle. A larger value of M requires a higher refresh frequency for the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 to ensure a sufficient display frequency (display frequency = orthogonal characteristic display device 310 refresh frequency/M) to avoid flicker effects; larger values of L require more orthogonal properties. In addition to the above-described l=2 orthogonal characteristics corresponding to the polarization directions perpendicular to each other, and the l=2 orthogonal characteristics corresponding to the common left-hand and right-hand rotations, there are l=4 orthogonal characteristics similar to those corresponding to horizontal line bias+blue light, horizontal line bias+red light, vertical line bias+blue light, but such orthogonal characteristics are disadvantageous in improving the display color effect. In the prior art, the types of orthogonal characteristics under the premise of ensuring the display effect are very limited. In order to further increase the number of two-dimensional projection images which can be projected by the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources in the embodiment, N ∈ 2 optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources can be further utilized as primitive modules, stacked optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources are stacked and built, and the number of the two-dimensional projection images which can be projected is increased to n×m×l. Taking n=2 optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources as an example of the primitive module, the stacked optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources is shown in fig. 9. Each of the m=3 orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time-series orthogonal characteristic aperture arrays 110 and 110' is composed of l=2 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources, respectively, which are time-series-turned on in a cyclic period composed of three adjacent time points. That is, at one time point, n×l=4 orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of n=2 orthogonal characteristic light sources from the n=2 primitive modules, respectively, are turned on simultaneously, and each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display devices 310 and 310' performs information loading simultaneously in the above-described manner. Then at one point in time the number of two-dimensional projection images projected to the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located is increased by N-1=1 times, and then max Wei Toushe or monocular multi-image display is performed. In the stacked multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module, each of the primitive modules may share the control device 60, the converging device 50, and the compensating device 80, as needed. The coupling-out device 404 of the primitive module shown in fig. 9 may be a multi-component coupling-out device, and further, the converging device 50 may be a multi-component converging device. For the last case, the multi-component convergence device 50 is combined with the multi-component coupling-out device 404, and the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module is the simplest structure.
Of the M orthogonal characteristic light sources, the observer's pupil 500 can realize max Wei Toushe or monocular multi-image display by only using K orthogonal characteristic light sources as two-dimensional projection images projected by the backlight, and the control device 60 selects the orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of the K orthogonal characteristic light sources required as effective orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources in real time according to the spatial position of the observer's pupil 500 determined by the tracking device 90, where 2+.k < M. The control device 60 controls the timing switch of the kxl effective orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources in each effective cycle period formed at adjacent K time points, and simultaneously refreshes each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 with corresponding optical information, which can also reduce the requirements on the refresh frequency and the number of orthogonal characteristics of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310. Of course, the method can also be extended to a stacked optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources, wherein K orthogonal characteristic light sources are selected from N×M orthogonal characteristic light sources to serve as effective orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources, and the value range of K is correspondingly adjusted to be 2+.ltoreq.K < N×M. There is also a case where, at one point of time, only L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of one orthogonal characteristic light source can satisfy the requirement of monocular multiview or maxwellian Wei Toushe display. In this case, according to the spatial position of the observer's pupil 500 determined by the tracking device 90, the one orthogonal characteristic light source that can realize the monocular multi-image or the maxwellian Wei Toushe display is determined in real time by the control device 60 as an effective orthogonal characteristic light source, and the control device 60 controls the L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of the effective orthogonal characteristic light source to project light beams and simultaneously refreshes each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 with corresponding light information.
An auxiliary relay device 70 may be further interposed between the orthogonal property display device 310 and the optical waveguide device 40 to better guide the light projected by the orthogonal property display device 310 to enter the optical waveguide device 40. The auxiliary relay device 70 may be a scaling device 701, which is composed of a lens 701a and a lens 701b shown in fig. 10, for adjusting the size of the light projected from the orthogonal property display device 310 at the entrance pupil 405. Wherein the distance between lens 701a and lens 701b is optimally equal to their focal length f 1 And f 2 And (3) summing. The auxiliary relay device 70 may also be a filter assembly 702, consisting of a lens 701a, a lens 701b and a filter aperture array 701c as shown in fig. 10. Wherein the distance between lens 701a and lens 701b is equal to their focal length f 1 And f 2 And, the filter aperture array 701c is disposed on the common focal plane of the lens 701a and the lens 701b, and each aperture corresponds to each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source, so as to filter out the higher-order diffraction term generated when the backlight projected by the corresponding orthogonal characteristic sub-light source is incident on the orthogonal characteristic display device 310. For a point light source, the aperture of the filter aperture array 701c is a small aperture; for linear light sources, the apertures of the filter aperture array 701c are designed as slits. Wherein the distance between 701a and lens 701b may also be unequal to their focal length f 1 And f 2 And, as long as the filter aperture array 701c is placed at the focal plane of the lens 701a, filtering can be performed. The auxiliary relay device 70 may also be a deflection guide device 703, such as a mirror, that reflectively deflects the projected light from the orthogonal characteristic display device 310, guiding its entrance pupil 405.
In each of the above-described related drawings, the orthogonal property display device 310 may be configured to group each pixel group by respectively spacing N-1 pixels in a two-dimensional direction, as shown in fig. 11; the sub-apertures of the orthogonal characteristic corresponding to the different apertures can also be arranged in a penetrating way. In addition, the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 may be a reflective display device, and the time-series orthogonal characteristic aperture array 110 and the relay device 20 need to adjust the spatial orientation relationship between the orthogonal characteristic display device 310 accordingly.
Example 2
Fig. 12 shows another basic structure of an optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources, which includes a sequential non-orthogonal characteristic light source array 120, a relay device 20, a non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320, an optical waveguide device 40, a converging device 50, and a control device 60, wherein the control device 60 is connected to the sequential non-orthogonal characteristic light source array 120 and the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320, respectively. The time-sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array 120 includes m+.2 non-orthogonal characteristic light sources. Fig. 12 exemplifies m=3. M=3 non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are controlled by the control device 60 and time-switched in each cycle period composed of adjacent m=3 time points. And at one point in time only one non-orthogonal characteristic light source is on, projecting outgoing light to the relay device 20. Specifically, at time point t, only non-orthogonal characteristic light source S 1 Open, S 2 And S is 3 All are closed; at time point t+Δt/3, only non-orthogonal characteristic light source S 2 Is opened, S 1 And S is 3 All are closed; and so on. The relay device 20 reduces the divergence of the light emitted from each non-orthogonal characteristic light source. In fig. 12, the relay device 20 is specifically taken as a lens, and the pitch of the time-series non-orthogonal characteristic light source array 120 is set equal to the focal length of the relay device 20. The light projected from the light emitting points of the respective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources is converted into parallel light having zero divergence by the relay device 20. The light modulated by the relay device 20 is incident on the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 as a sagittal backlight. The non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 is composed of an arrangement of pixels, each of which performs optical information loading and projects optical information by modulating corresponding incident light. Different positions of the different non-orthogonal characteristic light sources relative to the relay device 20 result in different times of one cycle period of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320The dots correspond to different sagittal backlights. The optical waveguide device 40 includes an optical waveguide 401, an entrance pupil 405, a coupling device 402, reflective surfaces 403a,403b, an coupling device 404, and an exit pupil 406, and directs the non-orthogonal display device projection light out through the exit pupil 406. The converging device 50 is disposed on the transmission path of the light coupled out by the coupling-out device 404, and guides the light to converge and transmit toward the region where the pupil 500 of the observer is located. In fig. 12, the in-coupling device 402 and the out-coupling device 404 are each exemplified by a reflective surface, the entrance pupil 405 and the exit pupil 406 are represented by dashed lines, and the converging device 50 is specifically exemplified by a lens.
FIG. 12 light source S with non-orthogonal characteristics 1 The time t of opening is illustrated as an example. Non-orthogonal characteristic light source S 1 The emergent light is converged to a corresponding convergence point I through the relay device 20, the optical waveguide device 40 and the convergence device 50 S1 . For clarity of illustration, only three pixels p are shown in fig. 12 1 、p 2 And p 3 And their transmission paths respectively corresponding to the modulated light beams. With pixel p 1 For example, from non-orthogonal characteristic light sources S 1 After being modulated, the incident light beam enters the optical waveguide 401 through the entrance pupil 405 of the optical waveguide device 40, is guided in the optical waveguide 401 through the coupling device 402 and the reflecting surfaces 403a,403b, enters the coupling device 404, is modulated by the coupling device 404, passes through the exit pupil 406, and passes through the converging device 50 to the converging point I along the sagittal direction "1 S1 And (5) transmission. The area where the convergence point is located is also the area where the observer's pupil 500 is located, then pixel p 1 The projected beam is also directed in the sagittal "1" direction to the convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located S1 And (5) projection. Similarly, pixel p 2 And p 3 The modulated light beam passes through the components toward the convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located S1 Projections are made in the sagittal directions "2" and "3", respectively. Other pixels, not shown, similarly modulate an incident light beam from a corresponding non-orthogonal characteristic light source and project in a corresponding sagittal direction toward a corresponding convergence point of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located. Each pixel modulates the light information loaded by the corresponding incident light beam, and the light information is the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the intersection point of the sagittal direction and the plane of the observer pupil 500, wherein the projection information is the sagittal direction of the light beam projected by the pixel and the area of the observer pupil 500. Non-orthogonal characteristic display The light information loaded by each pixel of display device 320 is a two-dimensional projected image of the scene to be displayed. At time t, the non-orthogonal characteristic light source S 1 The emergent light is modulated by each pixel of the non-orthogonal display device 320, and carries two-dimensional projection image information of the scene to be displayed to a convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located S1 And (5) projection.
Similarly, at time t+Δt/3, the non-orthogonal property display device 320 is directed to the convergence point I of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located S2 Projecting a two-dimensional projection image; at time t+2Δt/3, the non-orthogonal property display device 320 directs the observer's pupil 500 to the convergence point I of the region S3 A two-dimensional projection image is projected. Then, the non-orthogonal property display device 320 projects 3 different two-dimensional projection images to m=3 convergence points of the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located, respectively, in one cycle period composed of m=3 time points.
The above process is performed in the same manner in other cycle periods.
Non-orthogonal characteristic light sources fall into two categories. The first type is a line light source, and m=3 linear non-orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time-series non-orthogonal characteristic light source array 120 are arranged in a one-dimensional direction. As shown in a dotted line box (1) at the lower right corner of fig. 12, m=3 non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are arranged along the x-direction, and each non-orthogonal characteristic light source is a line light source along the y-direction. In fig. 12, the observer's pupil 500 is located at the convergence point of each non-orthogonal characteristic light source. When the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are linear, the convergence points corresponding to the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are dot-shaped only along the arrangement direction of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources, and are linear along the line of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources. Therefore, in this embodiment, the convergence point of the light projected by each linear non-orthogonal characteristic light source arranged along the x-direction may be designed to have a certain width, i.e. be a thick linear light source, in consideration of the light intensity. Considering the diffraction effect of the pixel structure, each pixel emits light beam with a certain x-direction divergence angle during transmission, which results in x-direction convergence point corresponding to each non-orthogonal characteristic light source arranged along x-direction, i.e. I in FIG. 12 S1 、I S2 、I S3 Points in the x-direction which are not strictly defined, but have a certain scaleCun. The "x-direction divergence angle" refers to a divergence angle in a plane formed along the x-direction and the light transmission direction. The x-direction divergence angle of the outgoing light beam of each pixel should be designed to be small enough to ensure that the size of the light distribution area with the intensity value of greater than 50% of the intensity maximum along the x-direction of the light beam projected by each pixel and incident on the area where the observer's pupil 500 is located is smaller than the diameter D of the observer's pupil 500 p . In this case, at least two x-directional convergence points intersect the observer pupil 500, i.e., the distance between adjacent x-directional convergence points is smaller than the diameter D of the observer pupil 500 p At this time, the light information corresponding to the at least two-dimensional projection images corresponding to the at least two x-direction convergence points is received by the corresponding eyes through the observer's pupils 500. Then, at least two light beams are incident on the observer's pupil 500 through one display object point, and three-dimensional display without focus-convergence conflict is realized based on monocular multiple images. In FIG. 12, the x-direction convergence point I S1 And I S2 Falls into and is displayed on the basis of a monocular multi-image by the observer's pupil 500. In practice, the observer's pupil 500 may also deviate from the plane in which the x-direction convergence point lies. At this time, the observer's pupil 500 may not receive all the light beams projected by the pixels of the two pixel groups. In practice, different portions of different two-dimensional projection images may be stitched together to form a stitched two-dimensional projection image. The number of pixels contained in the split type two-dimensional projection image is equal to that of the two-dimensional projection image, and the pixel distribution range of the split type two-dimensional projection image is consistent with that of the two-dimensional projection image. The monocular multi-image display is realized by at least two-dimensional images, which can be two-dimensional projection images or split-type two-dimensional projection images, projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in one cycle period. In other words, it is required that "the number of light beams projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in each cycle period by each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 is at least equal to the number of pixels included in the two non-orthogonal characteristic pixel groups, under the condition that the corresponding light information is loaded. At this time, too, two light beams are incident on the observer's pupil 500 through one display object point, so that display is performed based on a monocular multiple image.
The presence of the linear non-orthogonal characteristic light source causes the light beam projected by each pixel and incident on the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located to diverge in the y-direction, i.e., a y-direction diverging light beam. The "y-direction diverging beam" in this embodiment means that the beam has a divergence angle in a plane formed by the transmission direction and the y-direction, that is, the y-direction divergence angle. The beam waist position of the light beam projected by each pixel and incident on the region where the observer pupil 500 is located along the y-direction should be designed to be as close to the display scene as possible or directly within the display scene as optimal along the depth z-direction. The advantage of this is that when light beams from different pixels are superimposed to form a light spot, the size of the superimposed light spot along the y-direction is smaller, which is beneficial to improving the attractive force of the spot to the monocular focus of an observer and improving the resolution of the display scene along the y-direction. The beam waist in the y-direction, referred to herein as the beam waist in the plane of the y-direction and the direction of propagation of the beam, is also "virtual" and is the beam waist perceived by the eye when the eye receives the beam. The placement of the y-direction beam waist of the divergent light beam projected by each pixel near or even at the display scene may be accomplished by optical design, e.g., each pixel is imaged by the light guide device to fall within the focal length of the lenticular converging device 50, as a virtual image by the converging device 50. As another example, a converging device 50 constructed of a y-concave cylindrical lens 501 and a convex lens 502 as shown in fig. 2 is employed, the y-concave cylindrical lens of which is phase-modulated only in the y-direction. The y-direction diverging beam from each pixel diverges through the y-direction concave cylindrical lens 501, and the y-direction beam waist guiding the y-direction diverging beam is modulated to a focal length range of the convex lens 502 to form a virtual image. It should be noted that the converging device 50 formed by the y-concave cylindrical lens 501 and the convex lens 502 will result in each pixel no longer having a strictly corresponding image. At this time, the realization of monocular multi-image display is also required to follow the above requirements: "the number of beams projected to the observer's pupil 500 in one cycle period is at least equal to the number of pixels included in the two non-orthogonal characteristic pixel groups. At this time, the sagittal component of the beam projected by a pixel, such as the sagittal component "1" described above, in the plane formed by the y-direction and the transmission direction is often selected to be directed to the observer's pupil 500, or the most frequently occurring position of the observer's pupil 500.
Another type of non-orthogonal characteristic light source is a point light source. As shown in the lower right-hand dotted frame (2) of fig. 12, m=The 3 point-like non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are arranged along the x direction. The M=3 point-shaped non-orthogonal characteristic light sources S 1 、S 2 、S 3 The projection beams are respectively converged at the corresponding convergence points I S1 、I S2 、I S3 . The observer's pupil 500 is located at the convergence point. Unlike the case of linear non-orthogonal characteristic light sources, when dot-like non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are employed, the convergence points of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources through the convergence device are dot-like in both the x-direction and the y-direction. For clarity of illustration, the dot-like non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are indicated by larger circles "∈in fig. 12. Diffraction caused by a pixel structure and an actual physical light source are considered to be not ideal point light sources, and each pixel has a certain divergence angle when transmitting emergent light beams. In practice, each point-like light source may be intentionally designed to have a certain size in consideration of the light intensity. The divergence angle should be designed to be small enough to ensure that the size of the light distribution area in the xy plane where each pixel projects and impinges on the area where the observer's pupil 500 is located, where the intensity value is greater than 50% of the intensity maximum is smaller than the observer's pupil 500 size. In this case, if the convergence point of at least two non-orthogonal characteristic light source projection beams is covered by the observer's pupil 500, that is, the adjacent convergence point distance of the non-orthogonal characteristic light source projection beams is smaller than the diameter D of the observer's pupil 500 p At this time, the light information carried by the at least two-dimensional projection images corresponding to the at least two non-orthogonal characteristic light sources is received by the corresponding eyes through the observer's pupils 500. Then, at least two light beams are incident on the observer's pupil 500 through one display object point, thereby realizing a three-dimensional display without focus-convergence conflict based on a monocular multi-image. In FIG. 12, convergence point I S1 And I S2 Falling within the observer's pupil 500, may be displayed based on a monocular multiple image.
If only one convergence point of the light beam projected from the point-like non-orthogonal characteristic light source falls into the observer's pupil 500, that is, the distance between adjacent convergence points is larger than the diameter D of the observer's pupil 500 p The non-orthogonal characteristic light source corresponds to a two-dimensional projection image that is received by the corresponding eye through the observer's pupil 500. Overcoming focus-convergence conflicts may be performed based on maxwell Wei Toushe.
In practice, the observer's pupil 500 may also deviate from the plane in which the convergence point lies. At this time, the observer's pupil 500 may not receive all the light beams corresponding to one complete two-dimensional projection image, for example, when the convergence point corresponding to the two-dimensional projection image is deviated farther. In practice, different portions of different two-dimensional projection images may be stitched together to form a stitched two-dimensional projection image, where the number of pixels included in the stitched two-dimensional projection image is optimally equal to the number of pixels of the two-dimensional projection image, and the pixel distribution range of the stitched two-dimensional projection image is identical to the pixel distribution range of the two-dimensional projection image. The monocular multi-image display is realized by at least two-dimensional images projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in one cycle period, and each of the two-dimensional images may be a two-dimensional projected image or a split-type two-dimensional projected image. In other words, it is required that "the number of light beams projected to the pupil 500 of the observer in each cycle period by each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 is at least equal to the number of pixels included in the two non-orthogonal characteristic pixel groups, under the condition that the corresponding light information is loaded. When the number of light beams projected to the pupil 500 of the observer is between the number of pixels included in one non-orthogonal characteristic pixel group and the number of pixels included in one non-orthogonal characteristic pixel group, the two mechanisms of monocular multi-image and maxwell projection work together, and monocular free focusing can also be achieved.
When the non-orthogonal characteristic light source is a point light source, the arrangement of the non-orthogonal characteristic light source may be extended to a two-dimensional direction. In this embodiment, in the description of the distribution of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources along one dimension or two dimensions, the "dimension" in the "one dimension or two dimensions" may be a dimension along a straight line or a dimension along a curve.
In this process, when M is small, the incident observer's pupil 500 may not meet the requirement of monocular multi-image or maxwellian Wei Toushe display in the light beams included in the M two-dimensional projection images, for example, when the observer's pupil 500 deviates from the convergence point of the light beam projected by the non-orthogonal characteristic light source or the plane where the x-direction convergence point is located. At this point, a larger M may direct more two-dimensional projected images to the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located at more points in time within a cycle to facilitate monocular multiple images or Max Wei Toushe display of desired facets. In addition, more two-dimensional projection images are guided and projected to the area where the observer pupil 500 is located, and the corresponding light beam can cover a larger space near the observer pupil 500, so that a larger space view (eye-box) is constructed for the observer pupil 500, so that when the observer pupil 500 is displaced to a certain extent, the requirement of monocular multi-view or Max Wei Toushe display can still be met. The "region where the pupil of the observer is located" in this embodiment refers to a region including the visual region. In practice, the sagittal direction and the position of the region where the incident light of each pixel is incident on the pupil 500 of the observer are related to the shape (parallel light, divergent light, convergent light) of the light source projected light after passing through the relay device 20, the characteristics of each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320, the spatial position of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 relative to the device 40, the characteristics of the optical waveguide device 40 (including the modulation characteristics of the incident light by the coupling device 402 and the coupling-out device 404, the thickness of the optical waveguide 401, and the like), and the design needs to be performed based on methods such as ray tracing, so as to better meet the requirements of the patent for realizing monocular multiple images or/and the display according to the max Wei Toushe method.
The optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources in this embodiment is used as an eyepiece, and corresponds to one pupil of an observer. The two optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources are used as two eyepieces corresponding to the left pupil 500 and the right pupil 500' of the observer respectively, a binocular display structure shown in fig. 13 can be built, and the binocular three-dimensional display without focusing-converging conflict is realized based on a monocular multiple image or/and a maxwell Wei Toushe method as a three-dimensional display optical system. Each of the multiple light source-based optical waveguide display modules shown in fig. 13 is replaced with only a block, for example, the time-series non-orthogonal characteristic light source array 120, the relay lens 20, and the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 are replaced with blocks, respectively; a portion of the components, such as a portion of optical waveguide device 40, may be omitted or directly omitted. Such simplification, as will be readily appreciated, will also appear in the following partial figures of the present embodiment, which are not explicitly described.
The optical waveguide device 40 shown in FIG. 12 may also be used as a light sourceA coupling-out device 40 of several components to achieve pupil expansion. Such an out-coupling device is referred to herein as a multi-component out-coupling device 40. Semi-transparent half-back surface 404a and reflective surface 404b as shown in fig. 14 are two components of multi-component outcoupling device 40. The same pixel projects light into different sagittal light beams due to different exit points through different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 40. In this patent, the light beams with different sagittal directions or different spatial positions are regarded as different sagittal directions. For beams exiting the display scene, the different sagittal beams correspond to different optical information. While different light beams coupled out by different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 40 carry the same optical information, it is desirable to avoid that they are incident on the observer's pupil 500 at the same time. Therefore, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources of this patent requires that "each pixel projects only one beam at most to enter the pupil 500 of the observer at one time point". In performing mydriasis, it is desirable that different light beams from the same pixel, coupled out by different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 404, have a sufficiently large spatial separation on the face of the observer's pupil 500 to ensure that they do not simultaneously impinge on the observer's pupil 500. As shown in fig. 14, the light beams from one pixel, which are emitted through the half-mirror 404a and the reflecting surface 404b, respectively, in the sagittal directions "4" and "4'", are spaced at a distance d from the surface of the observer's pupil 500 1 Is larger than the diameter D of the observer's pupil 500 p . At this time, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources needs to be introduced into the tracking device 90 to track and determine the spatial position of the pupil 500 of the observer in real time, and for each pixel, in different light beams coupled by different components of the multi-component coupling-out device 404, it is determined which beam is incident on the pupil 500 of the observer, and then the loading information of the pixel is determined according to the sagittal direction of the light beam incident on the pupil 500 of the observer: the information loaded by each pixel is the projection information of the scene to be displayed on the intersection point of the sagittal direction of the light beam projected by the pixel and incident on the pupil 500 of the observer.
In the above figures, the in-coupling device 402 and the out-coupling device 404 are each illustrated as a reflective surface or a semi-transmissive semi-reflective surface. In practice, it isThe optical waveguide device 40 in the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module may employ other various types of optical waveguide devices, such as the optical waveguide devices of the coupling device 402 and the coupling-out device 404 in fig. 15 using a grating or a hologram device. In this case, if pupil expansion is performed, the coupling-out device 404 also needs to be designed as a multi-component coupling-out device, and adjacent components thereof may be connected adjacently, or may overlap, or even partially overlap in common. When one pixel projects light to one component of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404, part of the projected light is coupled out by the coupling-out device 404, enters the region where the exit pupil 500 of the observer is located along the corresponding vector direction, and the other part is reflected by the reflection surfaces 403a,403b following the reflection rule, and then enters the other component of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 again, and so on. The distance between the two adjacent coupled-out light beams on the surface of the observer pupil 500 is designed to be larger than the diameter D of the observer pupil 500 p . A compensation unit 80 may be further introduced into the multi-light source based optical waveguide display module, interposed between the external environment and the optical waveguide device 40, as shown in fig. 15, for eliminating the influence of the condensing device 50 on the external environment incident light.
The functionality of the converging device 50 may also be compounded to other components, such as a holographic device with a reflective concave lens function may be used as the out-coupling device 404 compounded with the converging device 50, as shown in fig. 16 for the device 404. The out-coupling device 404, comprising the out-coupling device 404 combined with the converging device 50, may be designed to modulate only light transmitted along the optical waveguide 401 by reflection from the reflecting surfaces 403a,403b, and not modulate light incident from the external environment at other angles, i.e. to have angle-selective properties. The incoupling device 402 is taken as reflecting surface in fig. 16.
It should be noted that, when pupil expansion is considered, there may be cases where at least two light beams of light projected by each pixel are coupled out by the multi-component coupling-out device 404 and inevitably simultaneously enter the observer's pupil 500 by the converging device 50. For example, in FIG. 14, the beam sagittal "4" and "4'" would be focused at their focal planes by the converging device 50. If the observer pupil 500 is exactly at the focal plane, it is unavoidable that the non-single beam projected by the pixel due to dilation will simultaneously enter the observer pupil 500. The use of a multi-component convergence device 50 may help solve this problem. The multi-component converging device 50 is composed of a plurality of components, for example, a plurality of lenses as components, such as a lens 50a and a lens 50b shown in fig. 17. The components of the multi-component type converging device 50 and the components of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the components of the multi-component type converging device 50 are respectively in correspondence to guide the light coupled out by the components of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404. By designing the spatial distribution of the non-single light beam projected by each pixel due to the dilated pupil, it is ensured that the two or more light beams projected by each pixel do not strike the observer pupil 500 at the same time. In the example shown in fig. 17, the lenses 50a and 50b are two components of the multi-component converging device 50, the lens 50a is responsible for guiding the light coupled out by the component reflecting surface 404a of the multi-component coupling-out device 404, and the lens 50b is responsible for guiding the light coupled out by the component reflecting surface 404b of the multi-component coupling-out device 404. With reasonable design, the two beams projected by the pupil expansion and passing through lenses 50a and 50b, respectively, as shown at 5 and 5 'in fig. 17, may not be incident on the observer's pupil 500 at the same time. Likewise, the multi-component convergence device 50 may also be combined with the multi-component coupling-out device 404. At this time, the components of the multi-component type convergence device 50 correspond to the components of the multi-component type coupling-out device 404, as shown at 404a and 404b in fig. 18. In this case, if the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 combined with the multi-component type condensing device 50 has an angle selective characteristic, for example, a hologram device is used as the multi-component type coupling-out device 404 combined with the multi-component type condensing device 50, which modulates only light reflected from the reflecting surfaces 403a,403b along the optical waveguide 401 and does not modulate light incident from the external environment along other angles, the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module can be used as an eyepiece of an AR optical system without the compensation unit 80
In the example shown in fig. 12, light emitted from the light emitting points of the respective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources is incident on the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 in a form corresponding to parallel light through the relay device 20. In practice, the light emitted from the light emitting points of the respective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources may be non-parallel light through the relay device 20. For example, the light emitting points of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources emit light to be condensed by the relay device 20 to be incident on the optical waveguide device 40, and the condensed points of the light emitted from the respective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources can be drawn toward the condensing device 50.
As described above, the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources of this embodiment can project M two-dimensional projection images of a scene to be rendered in each cycle. A larger value of M requires a higher refresh frequency for the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 to ensure a sufficient display frequency (display frequency = non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 refresh frequency/M) to avoid flicker effects. In order to further increase the number of two-dimensional projection images which can be projected by the optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources in the embodiment, N ∈ 2 optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources can be further utilized as primitive modules, stacked optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources are stacked and built, and the number of the two-dimensional projection images which can be projected is increased to N×M. Taking n=2 optical waveguide display modules based on multiple light sources as an example of the primitive module, the stacked optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources is shown in fig. 19. Each of the m=3 non-orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time-series non-orthogonal characteristic aperture arrays 120 and 120' is turned on in time series in a cyclic period composed of three adjacent time points, respectively. That is, at a time point, n=2 non-orthogonal characteristic light sources respectively from the n=2 primitive modules are turned on synchronously, and each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display devices 320 and 320' is loaded with information synchronously as described above. Then at one point in time the number of two-dimensional projection images projected to the region where the observer's pupil 500 is located is increased by N-1=1 times, and then max Wei Toushe or monocular multi-image display is performed. In the stacked multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module, each of the primitive modules may share the control device 500, the converging device 50, and the compensating device 80, as needed. The coupling-out device 404 of the primitive module shown in fig. 19 may be a multi-component coupling-out device, and further, the converging device 50 may be a multi-component converging device. For the last case, the multi-component convergence device 50 is combined with the multi-component coupling-out device 404, and the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module is the simplest structure.
Of the M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources, the observer's pupil 500 can realize max Wei Toushe or monocular multi-image display by only using K non-orthogonal characteristic light sources as two-dimensional projection images projected by the backlight, and the control device 60 selects the K non-orthogonal characteristic light sources as effective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources in real time according to the spatial position of the observer's pupil 500 determined by the tracking device 90, where 2+.k < M. The control device 60 controls the time sequence switch of the K effective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources in each effective cycle period formed by adjacent K time points, and synchronously refreshes each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 with corresponding optical information, so that the requirements on the refresh frequency and the number of non-orthogonal characteristics of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320 can be reduced. Of course, the method can also be extended to a stacked optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources, wherein K non-orthogonal characteristic light sources are selected from N×M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources to serve as effective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources, and the value range of K is correspondingly adjusted to be 2+.ltoreq.K < N×M.
An auxiliary relay device 70 may be further interposed between the non-orthogonal display device 320 and the optical waveguide device 40 to better direct the light incident on the optical waveguide device 40 from the non-orthogonal display device 320. The auxiliary relay device 70 may be a scaling device 701, which is composed of a lens 701a and a lens 701b shown in fig. 20, for adjusting the size of the light projected at the entrance pupil 405 by the non-orthogonal property display device 320. Wherein the distance between lens 701a and lens 701b is optimally equal to their focal length f 1 And f 2 And (3) summing. The auxiliary relay device 70 may also be a filter assembly 702, consisting of a lens 701a, a lens 701b and a filter aperture array 701c as shown in fig. 20. Wherein the distance between lens 701a and lens 701b is equal to their focal length f 1 And f 2 And, the filter aperture array 701c is disposed on a common focal plane of the lens 701a and the lens 701b, and each aperture corresponds to each non-orthogonal characteristic light source, so as to filter out higher-order diffraction terms generated when the backlight projected by the corresponding non-orthogonal characteristic light source is incident on the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320. For a point light source, the aperture of the filter aperture array 701c is a small aperture; for linear light sources, the apertures of the filter aperture array 701c are designed as slits. Wherein the distance between 701a and lens 701b may also be unequal to their focusDistance f 1 And f 2 And, as long as the filter aperture array 701c is placed at the focal plane of the lens 701a, filtering can be performed. The auxiliary relay device 70 may also be a deflection guide device 703, such as a mirror, that reflectively deflects the projected light from the non-orthogonal characteristic display device 320, guiding its entrance pupil 405.
In the above related figures, the non-orthogonal display device 320 may also be a reflective display device, and the time-series non-orthogonal light source array 120 and the relay device 20 need to adjust the spatial orientation relationship between the non-orthogonal display device 320 accordingly. In this embodiment 2, the naming of the non-orthogonal characteristic light source and the non-orthogonal characteristic display device is based only on the orthogonal characteristic light source and the orthogonal characteristic display device described in embodiment 1, and the relative naming is not mandatory that they have certain characteristics. In practice, when light projected by one light source is used as backlight to be incident at one time point, all pixels on the display device can load and project light information by modulating incident light beams, and then the light source and the display device are the non-orthogonal characteristic light source and the non-orthogonal characteristic display device.
The key idea of the invention is to introduce a time sequence switch light source array into an optical waveguide display engine, project one or at least two-dimensional projection images of a scene to be displayed to the pupil 500 of an observer through time sequence multiplexing of the light source, build a display module for overcoming focusing-convergence conflict based on a Max Wei Toushe method or monocular multiple images, wherein the design of a linear light source is used for partially relieving the excessive requirement of the display module on the number of the light source, the design of an orthogonal characteristic is used for partially improving the number of the two-dimensional projection images which can be projected by the display module, and the light and thin structure of an optical waveguide device is used for thinning the structure of the display module.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the concept fall within the scope of the present invention. Various conventional optical waveguide display engines are used as the optical waveguide devices of the present patent, and for example, an optical waveguide display engine capable of projecting color light information, which is formed by stacking three single-color optical waveguide devices, is used. Accordingly, all such related embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (23)
1. Optical waveguide display module assembly based on many light sources, its characterized in that includes:
a time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) comprising M orthogonal characteristic light sources, which are turned on in time series in each cycle period consisting of adjacent M time points, and only one orthogonal characteristic light source is turned on at one time point, wherein M is equal to or greater than 2;
each orthogonal characteristic light source consists of L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources, the L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources and the L orthogonal characteristics are in one-to-one correspondence, and each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source only emits light with the corresponding orthogonal characteristic, wherein L is equal to or greater than 2;
a relay device (20) which is arranged at a position corresponding to the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) and is used for modulating the emergent light of the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) and reducing the divergence of the emergent light of each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source;
an orthogonal characteristic display device (310) including a plurality of pixels, the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) being located at a position corresponding to the relay device (20) such that the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) loads and projects light information with light from the time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) via the relay device (20) as a backlight;
in the pixels of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310), pixels of the interval (L-1) pixels are respectively grouped along at least one direction, so that the pixels of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) are divided into L orthogonal characteristic pixel groups, the L orthogonal characteristic pixel groups and L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of each orthogonal characteristic light source are respectively in one-to-one correspondence, the pixels of each orthogonal characteristic pixel group only allow light projected by the corresponding orthogonal characteristic sub-light source to enter, load and project light information, and cut off light projected by other non-corresponding orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources;
An optical waveguide device (40) comprising an optical waveguide (401), an entrance pupil (405), a coupling device (402), reflecting surfaces (405 a,403 b), a coupling-out device (404) and an exit pupil (406), the optical waveguide device (40) being positioned in a position corresponding to the orthogonal property display device (310) such that light projected by the orthogonal property display device (310) can enter the optical waveguide (401) through the entrance pupil (405), the optical waveguide device (40) guiding the light projected by the orthogonal property display device (310) incident through the entrance pupil (405) to propagate within the optical waveguide (401) through the coupling device (402) and the reflecting surfaces (405 a,403 b) and being coupled out by the coupling-out device (404) through the exit pupil (406);
a converging device (50) disposed at a position corresponding to the coupling-out device (404) and used for modulating the coupling-out light of the coupling-out device (404), guiding the coupling-out light from any orthogonal characteristic light source of the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) to be converged and transmitted through the region where the pupil (500) of the observer is located;
a control device (60), wherein the control device (60) is respectively connected with the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) and the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) and is used for controlling each cycle period formed by M orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time sequence orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) at adjacent M time points, one time point is sequentially opened, and synchronous loading of corresponding light information to each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) is controlled;
The multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module is configured such that each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) projects only one beam of light at most into the observer pupil (500) at a time point, and the corresponding loading light information is the projection information of the light beam projected along the pixel and in the area where the observer pupil (500) is located, wherein the projection information of the scene to be displayed is on the intersection point of the vector and the plane where the observer pupil (500) is located.
2. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module according to claim 1, wherein each of the orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources is a linear light source, and each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) is configured to project a beam number of light beams to the pupil (500) of the observer, which is at least equal to the number of pixels included in the two orthogonal characteristic pixel groups, under the condition that the corresponding light information is loaded in each cycle period.
3. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module according to claim 1, wherein each orthogonal characteristic sub-light source is a point light source, and each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) is configured to, under the condition that the corresponding light information is loaded, at least equal to the number of pixels included in one orthogonal characteristic pixel group, the number of beams projected to the pupil (500) of the observer in each cycle period.
4. The multiple light source based optical waveguide display module according to claim 1, wherein the converging means (50) is compounded to the out-coupling means (404).
5. A multi-light source based optical waveguide display module according to any of claims 2-3, further comprising an auxiliary relay device (70) interposed between the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) and the optical waveguide device (40) for modulating the incident light of the optical waveguide device (40).
6. The multiple light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 5, wherein the auxiliary relay device (70) is a scaling device (701) for adjusting the size of the orthogonal property display device (310) to project light at the entrance pupil (405) to direct the orthogonal property display device (310) to project light into the coupling device (402).
7. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 5, wherein the auxiliary relay device (70) is a filter assembly (702), and the filter assembly (702) generates and filters a spectral plane of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) by optical transformation.
8. The multi-light-source-based optical waveguide display module according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary relay device (70) is a deflection guiding device (703) for deflecting the projected light of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) into the coupling device (402).
9. A multi-light source based optical waveguide display module according to any of claims 2-3, further comprising a compensation unit (80) interposed between the external environment and the optical waveguide device (40) to eliminate the effect of the converging device (50) on the external environment incident light.
10. A multi-light source based optical waveguide display module according to any of claims 2-3, further comprising tracking means (90) connected to the control means (60) for real-time tracking determination of the spatial position of the observer's pupil (500).
11. The multi-light-source-based optical waveguide display module according to claim 10, wherein K of M orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time-series orthogonal characteristic light source array (110) are selected as effective orthogonal characteristic light sources in real time by the control device (60) according to the spatial position of the observer's pupil (500) determined by the tracking device (90), the K effective orthogonal characteristic light sources are controlled to operate in time-series switching in each effective cycle period composed of adjacent K time points by the control device (60), and each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) is refreshed with corresponding optical information in synchronization, wherein 2+.k < M.
12. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module according to claim 10, wherein the control device (60) is capable of selecting, at each time point, an orthogonal characteristic light source from which the projection light is incident on the observer's pupil (500) according to the spatial position of the observer's pupil (500) determined by the tracking device (90) as an effective orthogonal characteristic light source, controlling the L orthogonal characteristic sub-light sources of the effective orthogonal characteristic light source to be turned on, and refreshing each pixel of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) with corresponding light information simultaneously.
13. Optical waveguide display module assembly based on many light sources, its characterized in that includes:
a time-series non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) comprising M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources, which are turned on in time series in each cycle period consisting of adjacent M time points, and only one non-orthogonal characteristic light source is turned on at one time point, wherein M is equal to or greater than 2;
a relay device (20) which is arranged at a position corresponding to the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) and is used for modulating the emergent light of the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) and reducing the divergence of the emergent light of each non-orthogonal characteristic light source;
a non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) including a plurality of pixels, the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) being located at a position corresponding to the relay device (20) such that at each point in time, the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) is covered by a backlight from the time-series non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) via the relay device (20), loading and projecting light information;
an optical waveguide device (40) comprising an optical waveguide (401), an entrance pupil (405), a coupling device (402), reflective surfaces (405 a,403 b), a coupling-out device (404) and an exit pupil (406), the optical waveguide device (40) being positioned in a position corresponding to the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) such that light projected by the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) is able to enter the optical waveguide (401) through the pupil (405), the optical waveguide device (40) directing light projected by said non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) incident through the entrance pupil (405) through the coupling device (402) and reflective surfaces (405 a, 405 b) to propagate within the optical waveguide (401) and to be coupled out by the coupling-out device (404) through the exit pupil (406);
A converging device (50) disposed at a position corresponding to the coupling-out device (404) for modulating the coupled-out light of the coupling-out device (404) and guiding the coupled-out light from any non-orthogonal characteristic light source of the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) to be converged and transmitted through the region where the pupil (500) of the observer is located;
a control device (60), the control device (60) is respectively connected with the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) and the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320), and is used for controlling each cycle period formed by M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time sequence non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) at adjacent M time points, one time point is sequentially opened, and corresponding light information is synchronously loaded to each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320);
the multi-light source-based optical waveguide display module is configured such that each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) projects at most only one beam of light incident on the observer pupil (500) at a time point, the corresponding loading light information is the projection information of the light beam projected along the pixel and incident on the area where the observer pupil (500) is located, the scene to be displayed is projected on the intersection point of the vector and the plane where the observer pupil (500) is located, and each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) projects at least two beams of light incident on the observer pupil (500) under the condition that the corresponding light information is loaded in each cycle period.
14. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 13 wherein each non-orthogonal characteristic light source is a line light source.
15. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 13 wherein each of the non-orthogonal characteristic light sources is a point light source.
16. The multiple light source based optical waveguide display module according to claim 13, wherein the converging means (50) is compounded to the out-coupling means (404).
17. The multiple light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 13, further comprising an auxiliary relay device (70) interposed between the non-orthogonal display device (320) and the optical waveguide device (40) for modulating the incident light of the optical waveguide device (40).
18. The multiple light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 17, wherein the auxiliary relay device (70) is a scaling device (701) for adjusting the size of the orthogonal property display device (310) to project light at the entrance pupil (405) to direct the orthogonal property display device (310) to project light into the coupling device (402).
19. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 17, wherein the auxiliary relay device (70) is a filter assembly (702), and the filter assembly (702) generates and filters a spectral plane of the orthogonal characteristic display device (310) by optical transformation.
20. The multi-light-source based optical waveguide display module of claim 17, wherein the auxiliary relay device (70) is a deflection guiding device (703) for deflecting the projected light of the orthogonal property display device (310) into the coupling device (402).
21. The multi-light source based optical waveguide display module according to claim 13, further comprising a compensation unit (80) interposed between the external environment and the optical waveguide device (40) for eliminating the influence of the convergence device (50) on the external environment incident light.
22. The multiple light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 13, further comprising a tracking device (90) coupled to the control device (60) for real-time tracking determination of the spatial position of the observer's pupil (500).
23. The multiple light source based optical waveguide display module of claim 22, wherein the control device (60) is capable of selecting K of the M non-orthogonal characteristic light sources of the time sequential non-orthogonal characteristic light source array (120) as effective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources in real time according to the spatial position of the observer's pupil (500) determined by the tracking device (90), and the control device (60) is capable of controlling the K effective non-orthogonal characteristic light sources to operate in time sequential switching in each effective cycle period consisting of adjacent K time points and to refresh each pixel of the non-orthogonal characteristic display device (320) with corresponding optical information in synchronization, wherein 2 +.k < M.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010152067.2A CN113359312B (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010152067.2A CN113359312B (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113359312A CN113359312A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
| CN113359312B true CN113359312B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
Family
ID=77524235
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010152067.2A Active CN113359312B (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113359312B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114545653B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2024-02-06 | 中山大学 | Optical display structure corresponding to pupil tracking based on orthogonal characteristic aperture group |
| CN117970642A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2024-05-03 | 中山大学 | Near-to-eye display module based on orthogonal characteristic pixel blocks |
Citations (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1430734A (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2003-07-16 | 蒂博尔·包洛格 | Method and apparatus for displaying 3D images |
| CN1922893A (en) * | 2004-02-21 | 2007-02-28 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Improving image quality in a 3d image display device |
| CN102598671A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-07-18 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Multi-view autostereoscopic display device |
| CN102713733A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-10-03 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Illuminating device, and liquid crystal display device and image display device using same |
| CN102906627A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2013-01-30 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Multi-view display device |
| CN103021292A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-03 | 深圳市维尚视界立体显示技术有限公司 | Multi-view LED displaying device and multi-view LED displaying system |
| CN103605211A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-26 | 南京大学 | Tablet non-auxiliary stereo display device and method |
| CN103918257A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2014-07-09 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Display device and method |
| CN103984110A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-08-13 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Multi-view display |
| CN105807438A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-27 | 中山大学 | Time division multiplexing module and method for increasing viewpoint presentation number |
| CN107908013A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-13 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of true three-dimensional enhanced reality display methods of the big depth of field and system |
| CN108107579A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-01 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | A kind of near-eye display system of the big emergent pupil of the big ken of holographic light field based on spatial light modulator |
| CN108803295A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Production method, display system and the array light source of big visual field hologram |
| CN208092354U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-11-13 | 张家港康得新光电材料有限公司 | Display device |
| CN108983483A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display device |
| CN109313350A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2019-02-05 | 中山大学 | Three-dimensional display system and method based on observer's entrance pupil division multiplexing |
| CN109375381A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of 3 D displaying method and system of high information flux low crosstalk |
| CN110770633A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2020-02-07 | 亚利桑那大学评议会 | Head-mounted light field display with integrated imaging and waveguide prism |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030137730A1 (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-07-24 | Sergey Fridman | Autostereoscopic display |
-
2020
- 2020-03-06 CN CN202010152067.2A patent/CN113359312B/en active Active
Patent Citations (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1430734A (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2003-07-16 | 蒂博尔·包洛格 | Method and apparatus for displaying 3D images |
| CN1922893A (en) * | 2004-02-21 | 2007-02-28 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Improving image quality in a 3d image display device |
| CN102598671A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-07-18 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Multi-view autostereoscopic display device |
| CN102906627A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2013-01-30 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Multi-view display device |
| CN102713733A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-10-03 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Illuminating device, and liquid crystal display device and image display device using same |
| CN103918257A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2014-07-09 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Display device and method |
| CN103021292A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-03 | 深圳市维尚视界立体显示技术有限公司 | Multi-view LED displaying device and multi-view LED displaying system |
| CN103605211A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-26 | 南京大学 | Tablet non-auxiliary stereo display device and method |
| CN103984110A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-08-13 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Multi-view display |
| CN105807438A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-27 | 中山大学 | Time division multiplexing module and method for increasing viewpoint presentation number |
| CN109313350A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2019-02-05 | 中山大学 | Three-dimensional display system and method based on observer's entrance pupil division multiplexing |
| CN110770633A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2020-02-07 | 亚利桑那大学评议会 | Head-mounted light field display with integrated imaging and waveguide prism |
| CN107908013A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-13 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of true three-dimensional enhanced reality display methods of the big depth of field and system |
| CN108107579A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-01 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | A kind of near-eye display system of the big emergent pupil of the big ken of holographic light field based on spatial light modulator |
| CN208092354U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-11-13 | 张家港康得新光电材料有限公司 | Display device |
| CN108803295A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Production method, display system and the array light source of big visual field hologram |
| CN108983483A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display device |
| CN109375381A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of 3 D displaying method and system of high information flux low crosstalk |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113359312A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8547422B2 (en) | Multi-user autostereoscopic display | |
| US20030197933A1 (en) | Image input apparatus and image display apparatus | |
| JP6742437B2 (en) | Three-dimensional display system and method based on division multiplexing of an observer's entrance pupil | |
| US11480796B2 (en) | Three-dimensional display module using optical wave-guide for providing directional backlights | |
| CN110431467A (en) | Augmented reality imaging system | |
| WO2021169065A1 (en) | Optical waveguide display module capable of aperture timing gate multiplexing | |
| US20220229308A1 (en) | Display module with the divergence angle of outgoing beam constrained again by the corresponding deflection aperture | |
| CN104380157A (en) | Directionally illuminated waveguide arrangement | |
| JP2001078234A (en) | Image input device and image display device | |
| CN112925110B (en) | Three-dimensional display module based on light-emitting limited pixel block-aperture pair | |
| CN112925098B (en) | Near-to-eye display module based on light-emitting limited pixel block-aperture pair | |
| CN113359312B (en) | Optical waveguide display module based on multiple light sources | |
| WO2021196369A1 (en) | Three-dimensional display method based on spatial superposition of exit light of sub-pixels | |
| CN112748570B (en) | Orthogonal characteristic grating-pixel array pair and near-eye light field display module based on same | |
| WO2021175341A1 (en) | Display module having multiple backlight light sources | |
| JP2001215441A (en) | Image observation device | |
| CN113835235B (en) | Multi-user-oriented three-dimensional display system based on entrance pupil division multiplexing | |
| CN113835233B (en) | Thin display structure for emergent dynamic directional light beam | |
| CN113703164B (en) | Optical waveguide directional backlight holographic display module | |
| CN114545652B (en) | Optical display structure with pixel block emergent light respectively pointing to corresponding small-size aperture | |
| CN112114437B (en) | Three-dimensional display method for realizing large visual area and small visual point distance | |
| JP2002156599A (en) | Image observation apparatus and image observation system using the same | |
| US20230061336A1 (en) | Optical-waveguide display module with multiple light sources | |
| CN112433386B (en) | Compact optical structure for light field display | |
| CN115291391A (en) | Waveguide display module based on parallel projection picture |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |