WO2017096642A1 - 带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩及其施工方法 - Google Patents

带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩及其施工方法 Download PDF

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WO2017096642A1
WO2017096642A1 PCT/CN2015/098183 CN2015098183W WO2017096642A1 WO 2017096642 A1 WO2017096642 A1 WO 2017096642A1 CN 2015098183 W CN2015098183 W CN 2015098183W WO 2017096642 A1 WO2017096642 A1 WO 2017096642A1
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pile
blade
mother
unfolded
blades
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PCT/CN2015/098183
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈明
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陈明
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/48—Piles varying in construction along their length, i.e. along the body between head and shoe, e.g. made of different materials along their length
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/30—Prefabricated piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete or made of steel and concrete

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  • the invention relates to the field of industrial and civil construction, in particular to an anti-pulling pile with unfolding barb and a construction method thereof, which are used for basic engineering in construction engineering.
  • the pile body In order to meet the bearing capacity requirements, it is usually economically unreasonable by increasing the number of piles or increasing the length of the pile itself. Moreover, in the process of sinking piles, the pile body is too long, it is easy to cause the pile body to break, the pile body is inclined, and the pile sinking can not meet the design requirements. Moreover, due to transportation restrictions, when the work is prefabricated, the long pile is divided into sections. Prefabricated, after being transported to the site by section, the pile body needs to be lengthened during the pile sinking process, resulting in a large amount of manpower and material cost; moreover, the pile body is connected at the site, and the quality is affected by site conditions, weather and human factors. There is often a phenomenon of loosening and cracking at the piles; the traditional extensive construction method has seriously hindered the construction of a low-carbon, harmonious society.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide an anti-pulling pile with unfolding barb and a construction method thereof.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a pullout resistant pile with unfolded barbs, which comprises a prefabricated tubular pile by hammering or static pressing into the soil layer, the prefabricated tubular pile including the mother pile and the pile
  • the pile body of the mother pile has a cavity extending from the pile tail to the pile tip.
  • the pile wall of the mother pile is provided with one or more layers of blade top openings communicating with the cavity along the length of the pile body, and the blade top opening is away from the hole.
  • the lower edge of one side of the cavity is provided with a leaf that is rotatable about the rotating device toward the direction away from the cavity by the rotating device
  • the piece is provided with a force applying member for lifting the blade from the top opening of the blade.
  • the blade includes: an inner blade mounted on the top opening of the blade, having a protrusion extending toward the cavity for engaging with the force applying member; an outer blade mounted on a side of the blade top opening away from the cavity; the inner blade The lower portion of the outer blade facing one side is connected to the rotating device.
  • the upper portion of the protrusion has a curved inclined surface structure.
  • the pile tip is pyramid-shaped, the top of the pyramid is the tip of the pile, the bottom is square, and the side length of the bottom is larger than the side length of the pile.
  • the blades are arranged circumferentially along the pile body.
  • the force applying member has a circular arc front end.
  • the force applying member is a steel pipe.
  • the blade top opening is arranged symmetrically on the mother pile.
  • a construction method using an uplifted pipe pile with unfolded barbs includes the following steps:
  • the mother pile is reserved from the inner cavity.
  • a number of blade opening holes of N are arranged along the section of the mother pile body and the length direction pile wall, and the pile tip is arranged in a pyramidal shape, and the length of the bottom side of the pyramidal cone is larger than that of the mother pile body. Side length, forming a pile tip barb effect;
  • the required blades are prefabricated according to requirements, and the prefabricated blades are installed on the outer side of the blade opening holes by the rotating device, so that the blades are integrated with the mother piles, and have the function of opening and turning, and the initial state of the blades is in a closed state;
  • Step 3 the mother pile is pressed into the soil layer
  • the mother pile is driven into the soil layer by hammering or static pressure in the closed state of the blade, and the mother pile is bent into the soil layer. At this time, the elevation of the mother pile is less than the preset elevation;
  • step four After the completion of step four, the mother pile is pulled up and pulled back to the design elevation position, and the blade is squeezed by the soil body. And open, forming a blade barb effect, resulting in a strong pull resistance.
  • the present invention has the following effective effects:
  • the anti-pulling tubular pile structure with the unfolded "barb” blade is further improved due to the bearing capacity, so that the pile length is reduced, and the bearing of the single pile becomes possible, so that the pile body does not need to be lengthened under normal conditions. It can withstand larger loads, reduce the workload on site, and is further reduced by the influence of weather, manpower and other factors, greatly shortening the construction period, and the economic benefits are very significant.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an uplifted pipe pile with unfolded barbs
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the blade unfolding in a pull-out pile with unfolded barbs
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation of blades in a construction method of an uplifted pipe pile with unfolded barbs;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the primary pile completely penetrated into the soil layer in the construction method of the anti-pulling pile with the unfolded barb;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the method of inserting a force-applying member into a piled core with a developed barbed pile and opening the blade;
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the state in which the design of the mother pile is pulled back upwards and the blades are fully deployed in the construction method of the anti-pulling pile with the unfolded barb.
  • a pullout resistant pile with unfolded barbs includes prefabricated tubular piles that are hammered or statically pressed into the soil layer, including but not limited to square tubes as shown. It may be other shapes such as a circular tube, a polygon, etc., and the design length of the pile body is designed to be about 1 meter more than the actual length.
  • the prefabricated tubular pile includes the mother pile 1 and the pile tip 5, and the mother pile is a concrete prefabricated member, and a cavity is formed inside during the prefabrication.
  • the pile body of the mother pile 1 has a cavity 2 extending from the pile tail to the pile tip.
  • the pile wall of the mother pile is provided with one or more layers of blade top opening holes 3 communicating with the cavity along the length of the pile body, for example, FIG.
  • the two-layer blade top opening is shown, and the blade top opening is arranged along the circumferential direction of the mother pile body.
  • the four side walls of the square pile having the square section are provided with the blade top opening, and the blade is opened.
  • the holes are arranged symmetrically on the mother pile. In the top opening holes of the two layers of the blade in Fig.
  • the top opening holes of each layer are symmetrically distributed, and the lower edge of the blade top opening away from the cavity passes through the rotating device 6
  • the rotating device 6 Provided to be rotatable about the rotating device toward the direction away from the cavity
  • the blade 4 the length of the blade can be set as needed and adjusted according to the actual situation
  • the cavity is provided with a force applying member 7 for lifting the blade from the top opening of the blade, and the force applying member 7 can be a device such as a steel pipe, and
  • the force applying member has a circular arc front end.
  • the blade includes: an inner blade 40 mounted on the top opening of the blade, having a protrusion 400 extending toward the cavity and for engaging with the urging member, the upper portion of the protrusion adopting a curved inclined surface structure, which is advantageous for Cooperating with the arc-shaped front end of the force applying member; the outer blade 41 attached to the side of the blade top opening away from the cavity; the lower portion of the inner blade and the opposite side of the outer blade is connected to the rotating device 6, where the rotating device may be Rotate the shaft.
  • the pile tip is a pre-prefabricated mother pile "barb"
  • the pile tip 5 is pyramidal
  • the top of the pyramid is the tip of the pile
  • the bottom is square
  • the side length of the bottom is larger than the side length of the mother pile
  • the bottom is wide. It is tightly integrated with the soil and produces strong pull-out resistance.
  • the construction method shown includes the following steps:
  • Prefabricated mother pile the mother pile is reserved from the internal cavity. At the same time, a number of blade opening holes of N are provided along the pile wall section of the mother pile body and the length direction.
  • the pile tip is set to a pyramidal shape, and the bottom of the pyramid is long. The size is larger than the side length of the pile body, forming a pile tip barb effect.
  • the mother pile is pressed into the soil layer: the mother pile is driven into the soil layer by hammering or static pressure in the closed state of the blade, and the mother pile is bent into the soil layer. At this time, the elevation of the mother pile is Below the preset elevation, the state in which the mother pile is completely pressed into the soil layer is shown in Figure 4.
  • step (4) Blade unfolding: Referring to Fig. 6, after the completion of step (4), the mother pile is pulled up and pulled back to the design elevation position, and the blade is squeezed by the soil body to open, forming a blade barb effect, thereby generating Strong pull resistance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

一种带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩及其施工方法，抗拔管桩包括预制管状桩，预制管状桩包括母桩（1）以及桩尖（5），母桩（1）的桩身具有自桩尾延伸至桩尖的空腔（2），母桩（1）的桩壁沿桩身长度方向设置有一层或者多层与空腔相通的叶片顶开孔（3），叶片顶开孔（3）远离空腔一侧的下边沿通过转动装置（6）设置有可绕该转动装置（6）而朝向远离空腔方向转动的叶片（4），空腔（2）设置有将叶片（4）顶离叶片顶开孔（3）的施力件（7）。利用该带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩与传统的预制桩相比，桩身附带的可展开的叶片，与土体共同作用，极大的提高了管桩的抗浮设计能力，数倍甚至数十倍以上地提升了桩的承载力，可大为减少用桩数量以及桩长。

Description

带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩及其施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及工业及民用建筑领域，尤其是涉及一种带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩及其施工方法,其用于建筑工程中的基础工程。
背景技术
21世纪以来,随着我国经济建设的快速发展,地下空间的利用成为了新的发展方向。也越来越多地受到人们的重视。但在我国沿海地区，地下水位普遍较高。在高水位土层中的地下建筑物、构筑物往往会承受较大的水浮力。为减小水浮力对地下建筑的影响，通常需采取抗拔桩基础。传统的预制混凝土方桩与管桩，通常桩的承载力取决于桩侧壁的摩擦力。由于桩身与土层承载力的限制，尤其是土层土质结构较差的情况下，桩本身承载力不大。为满足承载力要求，通常会通过增加桩的数量或加大桩自身的长度，经济上很不合理。并且，沉桩过程中由于桩身过长，容易造成桩身断裂，桩身倾斜，沉桩达不到设计要求；再有，由于运输的限制，通常工预制的时候，长桩都是分节预制的，通过分节运输到现场后，在沉桩过程中桩身需要接长，造成大量的人力、物力成本；而且，桩身在现场接长，质量受现场条件、天气以及人为等因素影响，接桩处经常会有松脱开裂的现象；传统粗放型建造方式已严重阻碍了低碳、和谐社会的建设。
综上，提供一种新的预制桩及施工，同时改进桩身结构受力特点，用以解决传统的预制桩的弊端，是建筑工艺发展的必然。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决上述问题，提供一种带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩及其施工方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型的实施方式提供了一种带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其包括通过锤击或者静压入土层中的预制管状桩，预制管状桩包括母桩以及桩尖，母桩的桩身具有自桩尾延伸至桩尖的空腔，母桩的桩壁沿桩身长度方向设置有一层或者多层与空腔相通的叶片顶开孔，叶片顶开孔远离空腔一侧的下边沿通过转动装置设置有可绕该转动装置而朝向远离空腔方向转动的叶 片，空腔设置有将叶片顶离叶片顶开孔的施力件。
进一步，叶片包括：安装于叶片顶开孔的内叶片，其具有朝向空腔延伸且用于与施力件配合的凸起；安装于叶片顶开孔远离空腔一侧的外叶片；内叶片、外叶片相向一侧的下部连接于转动装置。
进一步，凸起的上部采用弧形倾斜面结构。
进一步，桩尖为棱锥形，棱锥顶部为桩尖端，底部为正方形，底部的边长大于母桩的边长。
进一步，叶片沿母桩桩身周向布置。
进一步，施力件具有圆弧形的前端。
进一步，施力件为钢管。
进一步，叶片顶开孔于母桩上呈对称方式布置。
利用带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩的施工方法，其包括如下步骤：
步骤一，预制母桩
将母桩预留出内部空腔，同时，沿母桩身截面与长度方向桩壁设置数量为N的叶片打开孔，桩尖设置成棱锥形，棱锥形底部边长尺寸大于母桩桩身的边长，形成桩尖倒刺效应；
步骤二，预制与附加叶片
根据需要预制所需叶片，将预制好的叶片通过转动装置安装于叶片打开孔外侧，从而使得叶片与母桩连为一体，并具有能打开翻转功能，叶片的初始状态处于关闭状态；
步骤三，母桩压入土层
将母桩在叶片关闭状态下，通过锤击或者静压，打入土层中，并将母桩弯曲打入土层中，此时，母桩的标高要小于预设标高；
步骤四，打开叶片
在母桩完全打入土体后，用施力件插入桩心，并通过叶片打开孔而将叶片顶开；
步骤五，叶片展开
在步骤四完成后，对母桩进行上拔，拔回到设计标高位置，叶片受土体挤压 而张开，形成叶片倒刺效应，从而产生强大的抗拔力。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有效效果：
(1)在桩身承载力上，通过附着于母桩侧壁的一层或多层叶片，参与到桩自身承载能力当中来，使整根桩与土体多处顶紧，与传统的混凝土预制桩相比，数倍甚至数十倍以上地提升了桩的承载能力，同时工程质量得到了改善，安全性大幅提升，综合效益极其显著；
(2)在预制桩数量与材料上，通过改进，桩身承载能力得到了极大的提高，对于结构而言，可用较少的预制桩数量，去抵抗更大的荷载，材料用量大为减少，符合低碳社会；
(3)同时，预制桩数量的减少，大大减少了桩基设备的台班时间，工人现场工作量大大减少，劳动力成本得到进一步控制；
(4)改变传统的混凝土预制桩受力方式与特点，充分发挥土体各层承载力的特点，使得桩身各部分受力更均匀与合理，从而进一步减小母桩长度；
(4)带展开“倒刺”叶片的抗拔管状桩结构，因承载能力进一步提高，从而使得桩长减小，单根桩承载变为可能，使得桩身在正常情况下无需接长，便能承受更大的荷载，减小了现场工作量，并且受天气、人力等因素的影响进一步降低，大大缩短了施工工期，经济效益十分显著。
附图说明
图1为带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩立体图；
图2为带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩中叶片展开原理图；
图3为带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩的施工方法中叶片安装示意图；
图4为带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩的施工方法中母桩一次性完全打入土层示意图；
图5为带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩的施工方法中桩心插入施力件，打开叶片的示意图；
图6为带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩的施工方法中母桩往上拔回设计标高，叶片完全展开的状态图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本发明各实施方式中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施方式的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请各权利要求所要求保护的技术方案。
如图1所示，一种带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其包括通过锤击或者静压入土层中的预制管状桩，预制管状桩包括但不仅限于如图所示的方管，也可以是诸如圆管、多边形等其他形状，桩身的设计长度比实际长度多设计1米左右，预制管状桩包括母桩1以及桩尖5，母桩为混凝土预制构件，预制时内部形成空腔，母桩1的桩身具有自桩尾延伸至桩尖的空腔2，母桩的桩壁沿桩身长度方向设置有一层或者多层与空腔相通的叶片顶开孔3，例如图1所示的两层叶片顶开孔，并且，叶片顶开孔沿母桩桩身周向布置，例如截面为方形的母桩的四个侧壁均设置有叶片顶开孔，而且，叶片顶开孔在母桩上呈对称方式布置，在图1中两层叶片顶开孔中，每层叶片顶开孔均两两对称分布，叶片顶开孔远离空腔一侧的下边沿通过转动装置6设置有可绕该转动装置而朝向远离空腔方向转动的叶片4，叶片的长度可以根据需要来设定并根据实际进行进行调整，空腔设置有将叶片顶离叶片顶开孔的施力件7，施力件7可以是诸如钢管等装置，并且，施力件具有圆弧形的前端。
参见图2，叶片包括：安装于叶片顶开孔的内叶片40，其具有朝向空腔延伸且用于与施力件配合的凸起400，凸起的上部采用弧形倾斜面结构，有利于与施力件的圆弧形前端进行配合；安装于叶片顶开孔远离空腔一侧的外叶片41；内叶片、外叶片相向一侧的下部连接于转动装置6，这里的转动装置可以是转动轴。
又参见图1，桩尖为预先预制的母桩“倒刺”，桩尖5为棱锥形，棱锥顶部为桩尖端，底部为正方形，底部的边长大于母桩的边长，底部宽出部分与土体紧密结合，产生强大的抗拔力。
下面详细介绍利用带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩的施工方法：
所示施工方法包括如下步骤：
(1)预制母桩：将母桩预留出内部空腔，同时，沿母桩身截面与长度方向桩壁设置数量为N的叶片打开孔，桩尖设置成棱锥形，棱锥形底部边长尺寸大于母桩桩身的边长，形成桩尖倒刺效应。
(2)预制与附加叶片：参见图3，根据需要预制所需叶片，将预制好的叶片通过转动装置安装于叶片打开孔外侧，从而使得叶片与母桩连为一体，并具有能打开翻转功能，叶片的初始状态处于关闭状态。
(3)母桩压入土层：将母桩在叶片关闭状态下，通过锤击或者静压，打入土层中，并将母桩弯曲打入土层中，此时，母桩的标高要小于预设标高，完全将母桩压入土层的状态参见图4所示。
(4)打开叶片：参见图5，在母桩完全打入土体后，用诸如钢管等施力件插入桩心，并通过叶片打开孔而将叶片顶开。
(5)叶片展开：参见图6，在步骤(4)完成后，对母桩进行上拔，拔回到设计标高位置，叶片受土体挤压而张开，形成叶片倒刺效应，从而产生强大的抗拔力。
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，上述各实施方式是实现本发明的具体实施例，而在实际应用中，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其包括通过锤击或者静压入土层中的预制管状桩，所述预制管状桩包括母桩以及桩尖，所述母桩的桩身具有自桩尾延伸至桩尖的空腔，其特征在于，所述母桩的桩壁沿桩身长度方向设置有一层或者多层与空腔相通的叶片顶开孔，所述叶片顶开孔远离空腔一侧的下边沿通过转动装置设置有可绕该转动装置而朝向远离空腔方向转动的叶片，所述空腔设置有将叶片顶离叶片顶开孔的施力件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其特征在于，所述叶片包括：
    安装于叶片顶开孔的内叶片，其具有朝向空腔延伸且用于与施力件配合的凸起；
    安装于叶片顶开孔远离空腔一侧的外叶片；
    所述内叶片、外叶片相向一侧的下部连接于所述转动装置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其特征在于，所述凸起的上部采用弧形倾斜面结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其特征在于，所述桩尖为棱锥形，棱锥顶部为桩尖端，底部为正方形，底部的边长大于母桩的边长。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其特征在于，所述叶片沿母桩桩身周向布置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其特征在于，所述施力件具有圆弧形的前端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其特征在于，所述施力件为钢管。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩，其特征在于，所述叶片顶开孔于母桩上呈对称方式布置。
  9. 一种利用权力要求1-8任一所述的带展开倒刺的抗拔管桩的施工方法，其特征在于，该施工方法包括如下步骤：
    步骤一，预制母桩
    将母桩预留出内部空腔，同时，沿母桩身截面与长度方向桩壁设置数量为N 的叶片打开孔，桩尖设置成棱锥形，棱锥形底部边长尺寸大于母桩桩身的边长，形成桩尖倒刺效应；
    步骤二，预制与附加叶片
    根据需要预制所需叶片，将预制好的叶片通过转动装置安装于叶片打开孔外侧，从而使得叶片与母桩连为一体，并具有能打开翻转功能，叶片的初始状态处于关闭状态；
    步骤三，母桩压入土层
    将母桩在叶片关闭状态下，通过锤击或者静压，打入土层中，并将母桩弯曲打入土层中，此时，母桩的标高要小于预设标高；
    步骤四，打开叶片
    在母桩完全打入土体后，用施力件插入桩心，并通过叶片打开孔而将叶片顶开；
    步骤五，叶片展开
    在步骤四完成后，对母桩进行上拔，拔回到设计标高位置，叶片受土体挤压而张开，形成叶片倒刺效应，从而产生强大的抗拔力。
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