WO2017092278A1 - 滤器 - Google Patents

滤器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017092278A1
WO2017092278A1 PCT/CN2016/085655 CN2016085655W WO2017092278A1 WO 2017092278 A1 WO2017092278 A1 WO 2017092278A1 CN 2016085655 W CN2016085655 W CN 2016085655W WO 2017092278 A1 WO2017092278 A1 WO 2017092278A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
support rod
support
central axis
longitudinal central
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/085655
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李安宁
陈卓
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd filed Critical Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
Publication of WO2017092278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017092278A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01—Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2/0108—Both ends closed, i.e. legs gathered at both ends

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an implantable medical device, and more particularly to a filter.
  • Pulmonary embolism is a common disease with high mortality. According to statistics, the untreated pulmonary embolism mortality rate is 20%-30%, and the annual new cases account for about 0.2% of the population. With a population of 1.35 billion, China has about 2.7 million new patients each year.
  • thrombus exfoliation in the systemic circulation can cause pulmonary embolism.
  • blood clots There are many factors in the formation of blood clots, including trauma or fracture, trauma, large surgery, extensive burns, pregnancy, childbirth, long illness, long-distance ride or Long-term sedentary, long-term sitting and squatting can make the venous blood flow slow, blood stagnant, or increased platelets and coagulation factors, blood adhesion is enhanced, and thrombosis is formed.
  • These thrombi are generally slightly adhered to the wall of the tube and tend to fall off. Free emboli can cause serious diseases such as pulmonary embolism.
  • Vena cava filters (hereinafter referred to as filters) have been clinically proven to be a safe and effective means of preventing pulmonary embolism, which can reduce the incidence of pulmonary embolism.
  • the filter is implanted into the inferior vena cava to prevent thrombosis of the lower extremity from reaching the lungs along the bloodstream, thereby preventing pulmonary embolism.
  • the temporary filter it is clinically required to be stably placed in the implantation position after implantation into the inferior vena cava, and there should be no turning or tilting; and the portion of the filter that fits the blood vessel wall should not excessively stimulate the rapid proliferation of the vascular endothelium, Avoiding vascular endothelial tissue embedding filters, resulting in a shortened recyclable period of the temporary filter, and severe damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel when removed from the body.
  • a filter comprising a body portion having a proximal end and a distal end, the body portion including a first filter positioned between the proximal end and the telecentric end and adjacent to the proximal end, and a plurality of a first support rod connected to the first filter net and located between the first filter net and the telecentric end; the first support rod extends substantially in a direction parallel to a longitudinal central axis of the filter, each The ratio of the projected length of the first support rod in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter to the natural length of the filter is greater than or equal to 1/11 and less than or equal to 3/4.
  • the ratio of the projected length of the first support bar in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter to the natural length of the filter is 2/7.
  • the projection lengths of the plurality of first support bars in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter are equal.
  • the ends of the projections of the plurality of first support bars in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter coincide with each other.
  • one end of the first support rod includes an arcuate segment that is coupled to the wire of the first filter screen.
  • the body portion further includes at least one second support rod in an arc shape, the second support rod being coupled to the first filter web and extending in a direction toward the telecentric end.
  • the first support rod and the second support rod are spaced apart in a circumferential direction of the filter.
  • the filter further includes a second filter mesh at the telecentric end and coupled to the body portion.
  • At least one end of the first support rod is provided with a slit between the two mesh lines of the first filter net connected to the first support rod.
  • the main body portion and/or the second filter mesh are formed by cutting the same nickel-titanium tube; the width of the first support rod along the circumferential direction of the filter is greater than the first The width of the screen of a filter and/or the second filter along the circumferential direction of the filter.
  • the filter further includes a recovery hook disposed at a telecentric end or a proximal end of the filter; the recovery hook is a tubular structure having an opening, the recovery hook An opening direction extending outward in a radial direction of the filter and biased toward the main body portion; a width of the opening of the recovery hook in a direction perpendicular to the opening is greater than or equal to 1 of an outer diameter of the tubular structure of the recovery hook /5, the opening of the recovery hook has a depth in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of the filter that is less than or equal to 19/20 of an outer diameter of the tubular structure of the recovery hook.
  • At least one of the first support bars is provided with a fixed anchor, one end of the fixed anchor is fixed on the first support rod, and the other end of the fixed anchor is away from the recovery
  • the direction of the hook extends and hangs; the angle between the fixed anchor and the first support rod is less than 90°, and the distance from the suspended end of the fixed anchor to the first support rod is less than or equal to 3 mm.
  • the plurality of first support rods are used to support a blood vessel wall, when the first support rod is parallel to the filter
  • the ratio of the projection length in the plane of the longitudinal central axis to the natural length of the filter is greater than or equal to 1/11 and less than or equal to 3/4, the filter can be stably and reliably placed in the blood vessel, and The damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel is small when the filter is recovered.
  • FIGS. 1a-1b are schematic diagrams showing the overall structure of a filter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the filter comprising a main body portion, the main body portion including a first filter net, a second filter net, and a connection between the first filter net and the second a support assembly of the filter, the support assembly includes a plurality of first support rods; wherein, Figure 1a is a front view, and Figure 1b is a perspective view;
  • Figure 1c - Figure 1d is a partial structural view of the main body of the filter of Figure 1a - Figure 1b, wherein Figure 1c is a front view, Figure 1d is a perspective view;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view showing a slit formed at one end of the first support rod in FIG. 1d;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the projection of the first support rod of the support assembly of Figures 1a-1b in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter and the natural length of the filter;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the recovery hook of the filter of Figures 1a - 1b;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the anchor of the filter of Figures 1a - 1b;
  • FIGS. 6a-6b are schematic diagrams showing the overall structure of a filter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the filter comprising a main body portion, the main body portion including a first filter net, a second filter net, and a connection of the first filter net and the second a support assembly of the filter, the support assembly includes a plurality of support units; wherein, Figure 6a is a front view, and Figure 6b is a perspective view;
  • Figure 6c - Figure 6d is a partial structural view of the main body of the filter of Figure 6a - Figure 6b, wherein Figure 6c is a front view, Figure 6d is a perspective view;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a filter according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the end closer to the heart after the filter is implanted in the body is called the proximal end, and the end farther from the heart is called the telecentric end.
  • the filter of the present invention is for implantation into a blood vessel of a human body to capture a thrombus in a lumen of a blood vessel, the filter comprising a body portion having a proximal end and a distal end, the body portion including the proximal end and the a first filter between the telecentric ends and adjacent to the proximal end and a support assembly connected to the first filter and located between the first filter and the telecentric end.
  • the first filter is used to filter blood clots in a blood vessel when the filter is released in a blood vessel, and the support assembly is for supporting a blood vessel wall.
  • the first filter network is a mesh structure formed by combining a plurality of network cables, and each of the network cables may be a linear network cable, or a curved network cable, or a partially linear network cable, and the rest is a curved network cable.
  • a plurality of network wires of the first filter mesh converge at a near-center end.
  • the support assembly includes a plurality of support units, each of which is coupled to the first filter net, the plurality of support units including a plurality of first support rods, each of the first support rods being substantially parallel Extending in the direction of the longitudinal central axis of the filter.
  • the first support rod may be a straight rod or a rod of other shapes as long as the first support rod is substantially parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter.
  • first support rod when the first support rod is a straight rod, it can be directly connected to the first filter.
  • One end of the first support rod may also include an arc segment that may be connected to the first filter through the arc segment.
  • the filter is in a naturally released and uncompressed state, the distance between the end face of the proximal end and the end face of the telecentric end is the natural length of the filter, and each of the first support bars is parallel to the
  • the projection in the plane of the longitudinal central axis of the filter has a length that is greater than or equal to 1/11 and less than or equal to 3/4 of the natural length of the filter.
  • the projected lengths of the plurality of first support bars in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter may be equal, partially equal, or unequal.
  • the end points of the projections of the plurality of first support rods in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter may coincide with each other, partially overlap or do not coincide with each other, and the other end points may also coincide with each other, partially overlap or not each other. coincide.
  • the plurality of supporting units of the supporting assembly may further include at least one second supporting rod, the second supporting rod is an arc segment, and the second supporting rod is connected to the network line of the first filter.
  • the filter may further comprise a second filter mesh between the telecentric end and the support assembly and coupled to the support assembly.
  • the second filter network is a mesh structure formed by combining a plurality of network cables, and each of the network cables may be a linear network cable, or a curved network cable, or a partially linear network cable, and the rest is a curved network cable.
  • a plurality of network wires of the second filter mesh are concentrated at the telecentric end.
  • a plurality of support units of the support assembly are used to support a blood vessel wall when the first support rod is parallel to a longitudinal central axis of the filter
  • the ratio of the length of the projection in the plane to the natural length of the filter is greater than or equal to 1/11 and less than or equal to 3/4, the filter can be stably and reliably disposed in the blood vessel, preventing the filter from being Tilting occurs in the blood vessels, and damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel is small when the filter is recovered.
  • the main body of the filter is cut and shaped by a nickel-titanium tube with an outer diameter of 0.2-4 mm. It can be understood that the filter can also be woven and shaped by a nickel-titanium wire having an outer diameter of 0.05-0.8 mm or a nickel-titanium flat belt having a width of 0.05-0.5 mm and a length of 0.15-1 mm.
  • the filter has superelastic and self-expanding properties.
  • the filter 100 includes a body portion 10 having a proximal end 101 and a telecentric end 102.
  • the body portion 10 includes a proximal end 101 and a distal end 102 and is adjacent to the proximal end.
  • the first filter mesh 11 and the second filter mesh 12 are used to filter the blood clots in the blood vessel; the support assembly 13 is used to support the blood vessel wall so that the filter 100 can be stably and reliably located after being released.
  • the filter 100 is prevented from inclining in the blood vessel.
  • the first filter 11 is a mesh structure formed by combining a plurality of first mesh wires 111 and a plurality of second mesh wires 112.
  • a plurality of first network lines 111 are converged at the proximal end 101, and an end of each of the first network lines 111 away from the proximal end 101 is connected to one end of two adjacent second network lines 112, that is, each of the first network lines 111.
  • the two second mesh wires 112 connected thereto are fitted to form a Y-shaped unit, whereby the first filter mesh 11 has a tapered mesh structure when the filter 100 is naturally released.
  • the other ends of the adjacent two second mesh lines 112 of each adjacent two Y-shaped units are connected to the support assembly 13.
  • first wire 111 and the second wire 112 may be linear or curved, and may be partially curved, and the remaining portions are linear.
  • first filter net 11 includes six linear first linear wires 111 of equal length and twelve linear second mesh wires 112 of equal length, and each adjacent two first mesh wires 111 are at the proximal end 101. The angles formed are equal.
  • the second filter 12 is a mesh structure formed by a combination of a plurality of third mesh wires 121 and a plurality of fourth mesh wires 122.
  • a plurality of third network lines 121 are concentrated at the telecentric end 102, and an end of each of the third network lines 121 remote from the telecentric end 102 is connected to one end of the adjacent two fourth network lines 122, that is, each of the third network lines 121.
  • the two fourth mesh wires 122 connected thereto are fitted to form a Y-shaped unit, whereby the second filter mesh 12 has a tapered mesh structure when the filter 100 is naturally released.
  • the other end of each of the fourth mesh wires 122 is connected to the support assembly 13.
  • Each of the third mesh wires 121 and the fourth mesh wires 122 may be linear or curved, and may be partially curved, and the remaining portions are linear.
  • the second filter net 12 includes three linear third network wires 121 of equal length and six linear fourth mesh wires 122 of equal length, and each adjacent two third mesh wires 121 are formed at the telecentric end 102. The angle is equal.
  • the support assembly 13 includes a plurality of first support bars 131 each extending generally in a direction parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100.
  • the number of the plurality of first support bars 131 is six, and the six first support bars 131 are equally distributed along the circumferential direction of the filter 100.
  • each first support rod 131 near the proximal end 101 is connected to one end of two adjacent second network lines 112 of each adjacent two Y-shaped units of the first filter screen 11.
  • One end of each of the first supporting units 131 near the telecentric end 102 is connected to one end of each of the fourth mesh lines 122 of the second filter screen 12.
  • a slit 1311 may be formed at one end of the first support rod 131 near the proximal end 101, and two adjacent second mesh lines 112 of the adjacent two Y-shaped units of the first filter 11 are respectively sewn The two sides of the 1311 are connected, that is, the slit 1311 is located between the two second mesh wires 112 connected to one end of the first support bar 131. It can be understood that one end of the first support rod 131 near the telecentric end 102 can also define a slit, and the adjacent two fourth mesh lines 122 of the adjacent two Y-shaped units of the second filter net 12 and the slit respectively Connected on both sides.
  • first support bar 131 when the first support bar 131 is a straight bar, it can be directly connected to the second wire 112 and the fourth wire 122.
  • first support rod 131 When one end of the first support rod 131 includes an arc segment, it may be connected to the second wire 112 and/or the fourth wire 122 through the arc segment, and the second wire 112 and/or the fourth wire 122 and the The curved segments are tangently connected.
  • the distance between the end face of the proximal end 101 and the end face of the telecentric end 102 is the natural length L of the filter 100 in the naturally released and uncompressed state of the filter 100.
  • the length of its projection in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100 is equal to the linear distance between the two ends of the first support rod 131;
  • the first support rod 131 includes When having the end of the curved segment, its projected length in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100 is such that the first support bar 131 extends in a direction parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100 and the second mesh 112
  • the length of projection of each of the first support bars 131 in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100 is 15.7 mm, and the natural length L of the filter 100 is 55 mm, that is, each of the first support bars 131
  • the ratio of the length of the projection in the plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100 to the natural length L of the filter 100 is about 2/7, and the six first support rods 131 are parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100. Both end points of the projection in the plane coincide with each other.
  • the filter 100 is implanted into the inferior vena cava by percutaneous puncture of the femoral vein, and the X-ray developing device detects that the filter 100 is not tilted, displaced or inverted after being implanted into the inferior vena cava; after the filter 100 is implanted for 14 days, When taken out, the patient does not have symptoms such as chest pain, that is, the damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel is small when the filter 100 is taken out.
  • the filter 100 when the filter 100 is cut and shaped by a nickel-titanium tube having an outer diameter d, a plurality of first net wires 111 and second net wires 112 forming the first filter net 11 are cut on the nickel-titanium tube, and When the plurality of third mesh wires 121 and the fourth mesh wires 122 of the second filter net 12 and the first support rods 131 of the support assembly 13 are different, the width of the first support rods 131 in the circumferential direction of the filter 100 is greater than the first mesh wires 111, The width of the second wire 112, the third wire 121, or the fourth wire 122 along the circumferential direction of the filter 100. Thus, when the filter 100 is released in the blood vessel, the first support rod 131 has a more stable supporting force to the blood vessel wall.
  • the filter 100 may also utilize other superelastic materials, stainless steel wire, cobalt-chromium-nickel-molybdenum-iron alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, polymer or may be formed of any other suitable material having self-expansion.
  • the filter 100 may further include a recovery hook 103 disposed at one end of the main body portion 10.
  • the recovery hook 103 is disposed at the distal end 102 of the main body portion 10, and the filter 100 implanted in the blood vessel can be recovered from the blood vessel to the outside of the body by the recovery hook 103.
  • the recovery hook 103 can also be disposed at the proximal end 101 of the main body portion 10, and only the recovery device for recovering the filter 100 is connected to the recovery hook 103 from the proximal end 100, and the filter 100 is recovered from the proximal end 101. And return to the blood vessels.
  • the recovery hook 103 is integrally formed with the main body of the filter 100, that is, the recovery hook 103 is directly at the end of the nickel-titanium tube. The part is cut and opened.
  • the recovery hook 103 may be a near-center end of a main body portion of the filter having a nickel-titanium tube having an opening and an outer diameter d or The closed structure of the telecentric end is connected.
  • the opening direction of the recovery hook 103 extends outward in the radial direction of the filter 100 and is biased toward the main body portion 10.
  • the opening of the recovery hook 103 has a width H perpendicular to the opening direction, and the opening of the recovery hook 103 also has a perpendicular The depth S of the filter 100 in the longitudinal central axis direction.
  • the width H of the opening of the recovery hook 103 is greater than or equal to 1/5 of the outer diameter d of the nickel-titanium tube, so that the recovery device can conveniently catch the recovery hook 103.
  • the depth S of the opening of the recovery hook 103 is less than or equal to 19/20 of the outer diameter d of the nickel-titanium tube, so that the recovery device can pull the recovery hook 103 into the recovery after the recovery device catches the recovery hook 103. Sheath.
  • the filter 100 further includes a fixed anchor 104 disposed on the first support rod 131 of the support assembly 13 at an acute angle to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 100.
  • the fixing anchor 104 has a sheet shape, one end of the fixing anchor 104 is fixed on the first supporting rod 131, and the other end of the fixing anchor 104 is a floating end, and the hanging end of the fixing anchor 104 extends away from the recovery hook 103 and is suspended.
  • the angle ⁇ between the fixed anchor 104 and the first support rod 131 is less than 90°, and the distance h from the suspended end of the fixed anchor 104 to the first support rod 131 is less than or equal to 3 mm.
  • the first support rod 131 of the support assembly 13 supports the vessel wall, and the anchor anchor 104 penetrates the vessel wall, further providing a reliable fixation for the filter 100, preventing the filter 100 from shifting in the blood vessel. .
  • the structure of the filter 200 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the filter 100 of the first embodiment.
  • the filter 200 includes a proximal end 201 and a distal end 202 and is adjacent to the proximal end 201.
  • the difference is that the structure of the support assembly 23 is different from that of the support assembly 13 of Embodiment 1.
  • the support assembly 23 includes a plurality of support units including a plurality of first support bars 231 and at least one second support bar 232.
  • the structure of the first support rod 231 is the same as that of the first support rod 131 in Embodiment 1, the first support rod 231 extends substantially in a direction parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 200; the second support rod 232 is an arc segment It is also used to connect the first filter 21 and the second filter 22.
  • one end of the adjacent two second network lines 212 of the adjacent two Y structures of the first filter net 21 and one end of the fourth network line 222 of the Y-shaped unit of the second filter net 22 pass through.
  • the second support bar 232 is connected.
  • the number of the plurality of support units of the support assembly 23 is six, wherein the number of the first support rods 231 is three, and the number of the second support rods 232 is three. And three first support bars 231 and three second support bars 232 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the filter 200. It can be understood that the plurality of first support bars 231 and the at least one second support bar 232 can also be distributed without spacing, that is, unevenly distributed.
  • the filter 200 is in a naturally released and uncompressed state, and the distance between the end face of the proximal end 201 and the end face of the telecentric end 202 is the natural length L of the filter 200.
  • the length of the projection of each of the first support bars 231 in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 200 is 15.7 mm
  • the natural length L of the filter 200 is 55 mm
  • each of the first support bars 131 is
  • the ratio of the length of the projection in the plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 200 to the natural length L of the filter 200 is about 2/7, and the three first support bars 231 are in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 200. Both ends of the projection inside are coincident with each other.
  • the filter 200 is implanted into the inferior vena cava by percutaneous puncture of the femoral vein, and the filter 200 is detected by the X-ray developing device to be tilted, displaced or inverted after being implanted into the inferior vena cava; after the filter 200 is implanted for 14 days, When taken out, the patient does not have symptoms such as chest pain, that is, the damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel when the filter 200 is taken out is small.
  • the structure of the filter 300 of Embodiment 3 is the same as that of the filter 100 of Embodiment 1, except that the body 30 of the filter 300 includes only the proximal end 301 and the telecentric end 302.
  • the number of the plurality of support units of the support assembly 33 is six, and the six support units are all the first support rods 331, and each of the first support rods 331 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 300. extend.
  • the length of projection of each of the first support rods 331 in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 300 is 15.7 mm, and the natural length L of the filter 300 is 55 mm, that is, each first, in a naturally released and uncompressed state.
  • the ratio of the length of the projection of the support rod 331 in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter 300 to the natural length L of the filter 300 is about 2/7, and the six first support rods 331 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the filter 300. Both ends of the projection in the plane of the central axis coincide with each other.
  • the filter 300 is implanted into the inferior vena cava by percutaneous puncture of the femoral vein, and the filter 300 is detected by the X-ray developing device to be tilted, displaced or inverted after being implanted into the inferior vena cava; after the filter 300 is implanted for 14 days, When taken out, the patient does not have symptoms such as chest pain, that is, the damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel when the filter 300 is taken out is small.
  • the structure of the filter of Embodiment 4 is substantially the same as the structure of the filter 100 of Embodiment 1, the filter including a main body portion including first and second filter nets and between the first and second filter nets A support assembly comprising six support units, each of which is a first support rod.
  • the filter of the present embodiment has a projection length of 5 mm in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter in a naturally released and uncompressed state, the filter
  • the natural length L is 55 mm, i.e., the ratio of the length of each of the first support bars in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter to the natural length of the filter is about 1/11.
  • the end points of the projections of the six first support bars in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter do not coincide, and/or the other end ends of the projections do not coincide.
  • the filter is implanted into the inferior vena cava by percutaneous puncture of the femoral vein, and the filter is detected by the X-ray developing device, and the filter is not tilted, displaced or inverted after being implanted into the inferior vena cava; After 14 days from the time of taking out, the patient did not have symptoms such as chest pain, that is, the damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel was small when the filter was taken out.
  • the structure of the filter of Embodiment 5 is substantially the same as the structure of the filter 200 of Embodiment 2, the filter including a main body portion including first and second filter nets and between the first and second filter nets
  • a support assembly comprising six support units, the six support units comprising three first support bars and three second support bars.
  • the length of the projection of each of the first support rods in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter is 44.3 mm in the naturally released and uncompressed state of the filter of the present embodiment
  • the natural length L of the filter is 55 mm, i.e. the ratio of the length of each of the first support bars in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter to the natural length of the filter is about 3/4.
  • the end points of the projections of the three first support bars in a plane parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the filter do not coincide, and/or the other end ends of the projections do not coincide.
  • the filter is implanted into the inferior vena cava by percutaneous puncture of the femoral vein, and the filter is detected by the X-ray developing device, and the filter is not tilted, displaced or inverted after being implanted into the inferior vena cava; After 14 days from the time of taking out, the patient did not have symptoms such as chest pain, that is, the damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel was small when the filter was taken out.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

一种滤器（100,200,300），包括具有近心端（101,201,301）和远心端（102,202,302）的主体部（10,20,30），主体部（10,20,30）包括位于近心端（101,201,301）及远心端（102,202,302）之间且邻近近心端（101,201,301）的第一过滤网（11,21,31），及多个分别与第一过滤网（11,21,31）相连且皆位于第一过滤网（11,21,31）与远心端（102,202,302）之间的第一支撑杆（131,231,331）；第一支撑杆（131,231,331）大致沿平行于滤器（100,200,300）的纵向中心轴的方向延伸，每个第一支撑杆（131,231,331）在平行于滤器（100,200,300）的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度与滤器（100,200,300）的自然长度的比值大于或等于1/11，且小于或等于3/4。滤器（100,200,300）自然释放后，可以稳定地、可靠地放置于血管中，不易发生倾斜，且滤器（100,200,300）取出对血管内壁的损伤较小。

Description

滤器
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种植入医疗器械，尤其涉及一种滤器。
【背景技术】
肺栓塞是一种常见疾病，病死率高，有资料统计，不经治疗的肺栓塞死亡率为20%-30%，每年新增病例约占人口的0.2%。我国以13.5亿人口计算，每年约有270万新增患者。
体循环的各种血栓脱落均可引起肺栓塞，血栓的形成因素有多种，其中包括，外伤或骨折、创伤、较大的手术、大面积烧伤、妊娠、分娩、久病卧床、长途乘车或飞机久坐不动、长时间的静坐及下蹲等均可使静脉血流缓慢，血液瘀滞，或血小板和凝血因子增多，血液黏附性增强，形成血栓。这些血栓一般与管壁轻度粘连，容易脱落，脱落的游离栓子可引起肺栓塞等严重病变。腔静脉滤器（以下简称滤器）在临床上被证实为预防肺栓塞安全有效的手段，可降低肺栓塞的发生率。滤器被植入到下腔静脉中，防止下肢脱落的血栓顺着血流到达肺部，从而预防肺栓塞。
对于临时滤器，临床上要求其植入下腔静脉后能稳定地保持在植入位置，不得出现翻转、倾斜；并且，滤器的与血管壁贴合的部分不得过度刺激血管内皮组织快速增生，以避免血管内皮组织包埋滤器，造成临时滤器的可回收期缩短，以及从体内取出时会严重损伤血管内壁。
【发明内容】
基于此，有必要提供一种在植入血管后，既可以保持稳定又可以在回收时对血管内壁损伤较小的滤器。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种滤器，包括具有近心端和远心端的主体部，所述主体部包括位于所述近心端及远心端之间且邻近所述近心端的第一过滤网，及多个分别与所述第一过滤网相连且皆位于所述第一过滤网与远心端之间的第一支撑杆；所述第一支撑杆大致沿平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的方向延伸，每根所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值大于或等于1/11，且小于或等于3/4。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值为2/7。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多根第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度相等。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多根第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的两端端点均相互重合。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支撑杆的一端包括弧形段，所述弧形段与所述第一过滤网的网线相连。
在其中一个实施例中，所述主体部还包括至少一根呈弧形状的第二支撑杆，所述第二支撑杆与所述第一过滤网连接，并朝靠近远心端的方向延伸。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆在所述滤器的圆周方向上间隔分布。
在其中一个实施例中，所述滤器还包括位于所述远心端且与所述主体部相连的第二过滤网。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支撑杆的至少一端设有一条缝，所述缝位于所述第一过滤网的与所述第一支撑杆相连的两条网线之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述主体部和/或所述第二过滤网由切割同一根镍钛管而成；所述第一支撑杆沿所述滤器的周向方向的宽度大于所述第一过滤网和/或所述第二过滤网的网线沿所述滤器的周向方向的宽度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述滤器还包括回收钩，所述回收钩设置于所述滤器的远心端或近心端；所述回收钩为具有一开口的管状结构，所述回收钩的开口方向沿所述滤器的径向方向向外延伸且偏向所述主体部；所述回收钩的开口在垂直于所述开口方向上的宽度大于或等于所述回收钩的管状结构外径的1/5，所述回收钩的开口在垂直于所述滤器的纵向中心轴方向上的深度小于或等于所述回收钩的管状结构外径的19/20。
在其中一个实施例中，至少一根所述第一支撑杆上设置有固定锚，所述固定锚的一端固定于所述第一支撑杆上，所述固定锚的另一端向远离所述回收钩的方向延伸并悬空；所述固定锚与所述第一支撑杆杆之间的夹角小于90°，所述固定锚的悬空端至所述第一支撑杆的距离小于或等于3mm。
本发明中，当所述滤器植入至人体血管，并在血管中自然释放后，所述多个第一支撑杆用于支撑血管壁，当所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值大于或等于1/11，且小于或等于3/4时，所述滤器可以稳定地、可靠地放置于血管中，且所述滤器回收时对血管内壁的损伤较小。
【附图说明】
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1a-图1b为本发明实施例1的滤器的整体结构示意图，所述滤器包括主体部，所述主体部包括第一过滤网、第二过滤网和连接所述第一过滤网和第二过滤网的支撑组件,所述支撑组件包括多个第一支撑杆；其中，图1a为主视图，图1b为立体图；
图1c-图1d为图1a-图1b中所述滤器的主体部的局部结构示意图，其中，图1c为主视图，图1d为立体图；
图2为图1d中所述第一支撑杆的一端开设有一条缝的结构示意图；
图3为图1a-图1b中所述支撑组件的第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影以及所述滤器的自然长度的示意图；
图4为图1a-图1b中所述滤器的回收钩的结构示意图；
图5为图1a-图1b中所述滤器的固定锚的结构示意图；
图6a-图6b为本发明实施例2的滤器的整体结构示意图，所述滤器包括主体部，所述主体部包括第一过滤网、第二过滤网和连接所述第一过滤网和第二过滤网的支撑组件,所述支撑组件包括多个支撑单元；其中，图6a为主视图，图6b为立体图；
图6c-图6d为图6a-图6b中所述滤器的主体部的局部结构示意图，其中，图6c为主视图，图6d为立体图；
图7为本发明实施例3的滤器的整体结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文在说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
在滤器领域，将滤器植入体内后相对心脏较近的一端称为近心端，相对心脏较远的一端称为远心端。
本发明的滤器用于植入至人体血管中以捕获血管腔中的血栓，所述滤器包括一具有近心端和远心端的主体部，所述主体部包括位于所述近心端及所述远心端之间且邻近所述近心端的第一过滤网及与所述第一过滤网相连且位于所述第一过滤网与所述远心端之间的支撑组件。当所述滤器在血管中释放后，所述第一过滤网用于过滤血管中的血栓，所述支撑组件用于支撑血管壁。
所述第一过滤网为由多条网线组合形成的网状结构，每条网线可均为直线型网线，或均为曲线型网线，或部分为直线型网线，其余部分为曲线型网线。所述第一过滤网的多条网线在近心端处汇聚。
所述支撑组件包括多个支撑单元，每个支撑单元均与所述第一过滤网相连，所述多个支撑单元包括多个第一支撑杆，每个所述第一支撑杆均大致沿平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的方向延伸。所述第一支撑杆可为直形杆，也可为其他形状的杆状物，只要所述第一支撑杆大致平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴即可。
可以理解，当所述第一支撑杆为直形杆时，可以与所述第一过滤网直接连接。所述第一支撑杆的一端也可以包括弧形段，可以与所述第一过滤网之间通过该弧形段相连。
所述滤器在自然释放且无压缩状态下，所述近心端的端面与所述远心端的端面之间的距离为所述滤器的自然长度，每个所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影具有一长度，所述长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值大于或等于1/11，且小于或等于3/4。
可以理解，所述多个第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度可以均相等、部分相等或者均不相等。所述多个第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的一端端点可以相互重合、部分重合或者相互不重合，另一端端点也可以相互重合、部分重合或者相互不重合。
可以理解，所述支撑组件的多个支撑单元还可以包括至少一个第二支撑杆，所述第二支撑杆为弧形段,所述第二支撑杆与所述第一过滤网的网线相连。
可以理解，所述滤器还可以包括位于所述远心端与所述支撑组件之间且与所述支撑组件相连的第二过滤网。所述第二过滤网为由多条网线组合形成的网状结构，每条网线可均为直线型网线，或均为曲线型网线，或部分为直线型网线，其余部分为曲线型网线，所述第二过滤网的多条网线在所述远心端处汇聚。
当所述滤器植入至人体血管，并在血管中自然释放后，所述支撑组件的多个支撑单元用于支撑血管壁，当所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值大于或等于1/11，且小于或等于3/4时，所述滤器可以稳定地、可靠地设置于血管中，防止所述滤器在血管中发生倾斜，而且当所述滤器回收时，对血管内壁的损伤较小。
以下将结合具体实施例进一步详细说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
滤器的主体部采用外径为0.2-4mm的镍钛管切割、定型而成。可以理解，滤器也可由外径为0.05-0.8mm的镍钛丝或宽为0.05-0.5mm，长为0.15-1mm的镍钛扁带通过编织、定型而成。所述滤器具有超弹性和自膨胀特性。
请参阅图1a和图1b，滤器100包括主体部10，主体部10具有近心端101和远心端102，主体部10包括位于近心端101和远心端102之间且邻近近心端101的第一过滤网11、邻近远心端102的第二过滤网12和位于第一、第二过滤网11、12之间的支撑组件13。当滤器100在血管中自然释放后，第一过滤网11和第二过滤网12用于过滤血管中的血栓；支撑组件13用于支撑血管壁，使滤器100释放后能稳定地、可靠地位于血管中，防止滤器100在血管中发生倾斜。
请同时参阅图1c和图1d，第一过滤网11为由多条第一网线111和多条第二网线112组合形成的网状结构。多条第一网线111在近心端101处汇聚，每条第一网线111的远离近心端101的端部均与相邻两条第二网线112的一端相连，即每条第一网线111与与之相连的两条第二网线112配合形成Y形单元，由此当滤器100自然释放后，第一过滤网11具有锥形网状结构。每相邻两个Y形单元的相邻两条第二网线112的另一端与支撑组件13相连。
每条第一网线111和第二网线112皆可分别呈直线型，也可呈曲线型，还可部分呈曲线型，其余部分呈直线型。本实施例中，第一过滤网11包括六条长度相等的直线型第一网线111和十二条长度相等的直线型第二网线112，每相邻两条第一网线111在近心端101处形成的夹角相等。
第二过滤网12为由多条第三网线121和多条第四网线122组合形成的网状结构。多条第三网线121在远心端102处汇聚，每条第三网线121的远离远心端102的端部均与相邻两条第四网线122的一端相连，即每条第三网线121与与之相连的两条第四网线122配合形成Y形单元，由此当滤器100自然释放后，第二过滤网12具有锥形网状结构。每条第四网线122的另一端与支撑组件13相连。
每条第三网线121和第四网线122皆可分别呈直线型，也可呈曲线型，还可部分呈曲线型，其余部分呈直线型。本实施例中，第二过滤网12包括三条长度相等的直线型第三网线121和六条长度相等的直线型第四网线122，每相邻两条第三网线121在远心端102处形成的夹角相等。
支撑组件13包括多个第一支撑杆131，每个第一支撑杆131大致沿平行于滤器100的纵向中心轴的方向延伸。本实施例中，多个第一支撑杆131的数量为六个，且六个第一支撑杆131沿滤器100的圆周方向等分分布。
每个第一支撑杆131靠近近心端101的一端与第一过滤网11的每相邻两个Y形单元的相邻两条第二网线112的一端连接。每个第一支撑单元131靠近远心端102的一端与第二过滤网12的每条第四网线122的一端连接。
请参阅图2，第一支撑杆131的靠近近心端101的一端还可以开设一条缝1311，第一过滤网11的相邻两个Y形单元的相邻两条第二网线112分别与缝1311的两侧连接，即缝1311位于与第一支撑杆131的一端相连的两条第二网线112之间。可以理解，第一支撑杆131的靠近远心端102的一端也可以开设一条缝，第二过滤网12的相邻两个Y形单元的相邻两条第四网线122分别与所述缝的两侧相连。
请参阅图3，可以理解，当第一支撑杆131为直形杆时，可以与第二网线112和第四网线122直接连接。当第一支撑杆131的一端包括弧形段时，可以与第二网线112和/或第四网线122之间通过该弧形段相连，且第二网线112和/或第四网线122与该弧形段相切连接。
请继续参阅图3，滤器100在自然释放且无压缩状态下，近心端101的端面与远心端102的端面之间的距离为滤器100的自然长度L。可以理解，当第一支撑杆131为直形杆时，其在平行于滤器100的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度等于第一支撑杆131两端的直线距离；当第一支撑杆131包括具有弧形段的端部时，其在平行于滤器100的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度为第一支撑杆131沿平行于滤器100的纵向中心轴的方向延伸后与第二网线112沿与该弧形段相切方向延伸后的交点与第一支撑杆131的另一端按前述方式与第四网线122的交点之间的距离。
本实施例中，每个第一支撑杆131在平行于滤器100的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度均为15.7mm，滤器100的自然长度L为55mm，即每个第一支撑杆131在平行于滤器100的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度与滤器100的自然长度L的比值均约为2/7，而且六个第一支撑杆131在平行于滤器100的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的两端端点均相互重合。
滤器100采用输送鞘管经皮穿刺股静脉植入下腔静脉中，通过X射线显影设备检测出滤器100在植入下腔静脉后，没有产生倾斜、移位或翻转；滤器100植入14天后取出，患者未出现胸痛等不适症状，即滤器100取出时对血管内壁的损伤较小。
可以理解，当滤器100采用外径为d的镍钛管切割、定型制备时，即在所述镍钛管上切割形成第一过滤网11的多条第一网线111和第二网线112，和第二过滤网12的多条第三网线121和第四网线122以及支撑组件13的第一支撑杆131时，且第一支撑杆131沿滤器100的周向方向的宽度大于第一网线111、第二网线112、第三网线121或第四网线122沿滤器100的周向方向的宽度。从而当滤器100在血管中释放后，第一支撑杆131对血管壁具有更加稳定的支撑力。
可以理解，滤器100还可以采用其他超弹性材料、不锈钢丝、钴-铬-镍-钼-铁合金、钴-铬合金、聚合物或可以由具有自膨胀的任何其它合适材料形成。
请继续参阅图1a和图1b，滤器100还可以包括设置于主体部10一端的回收钩103。本实施例中，回收钩103设置于主体部10的远心端102处，利用回收钩103可以将植入血管中的滤器100从血管中回收至体外。可以理解，回收钩103也可以设置于主体部10的近心端101处，只需要回收滤器100的回收装置从近心端100处连接回收钩103，并从近心端101处将滤器100回收并退回血管即可。
请同时参阅图4，当滤器100采用外径为d的镍钛管切割、定型而成时，回收钩103与滤器100的主体部一体成型，即回收钩103直接在所述镍钛管的端部切割一开口而成。当滤器100采用镍钛丝或镍钛扁带通过编织、定型而成时，回收钩103可以为将一具有开口且外径为d的镍钛管与所述滤器的主体部的近心端或远心端的封闭结构连接而成。
回收钩103的开口方向沿滤器100的径向方向向外延伸且偏向主体部10，回收钩103的开口具有一垂直于所述开口方向上的宽度H，回收钩103的开口还具有一垂直于滤器100的纵向中心轴方向上的深度S。本实施例中，回收钩103的开口的宽度H大于或等于所述镍钛管的外径d的1/5，从而回收装置可以方便地抓捕回收钩103。回收钩103的开口的深度S小于或等于所述镍钛管的外径d的19/20，从而当所述回收装置抓捕回收钩103后，所述回收装置可以将回收钩103拉进回收鞘管。
请参阅图5，滤器100还包括固定锚104，固定锚104与滤器100的纵向中心轴成锐角地设置于支撑组件13的第一支撑杆131上。固定锚104呈片状，固定锚104的一端固定在第一支撑杆131上，固定锚104的另一端为悬空端，且固定锚104的悬空端向远离回收钩103的方向延伸并悬空。固定锚104与第一支撑杆131的的夹角α小于90°，固定锚104的悬空端到第一支撑杆131的距离h小于或等于3mm。当滤器100在血管内自然释放后，支撑组件13的第一支撑杆131支撑着血管壁，固定锚104刺入血管壁，进一步地为滤器100提供可靠固定，防止滤器100在血管中产生移位。
实施例2
请参阅图6a和图6b，本实施例的滤器200的结构与上述实施例1的滤器100的结构大致相同，滤器200包括位于近心端201和远心端202之间且邻近近心端201的第一过滤网21、邻近远心端202的第二过滤网22和位于第一、第二过滤网21、22之间的支撑组件23。区别之处在于支撑组件23的结构与实施例1的支撑组件13的结构不同。
支撑组件23包括多个支撑单元，所述多个支撑单元包括多个第一支撑杆231和至少一个第二支撑杆232。第一支撑杆231的结构与实施例1中的第一支撑杆131的结构相同，第一支撑杆231大致沿平行于滤器200的纵向中心轴的方向延伸；第二支撑杆232为弧形段，其也用于连接第一过滤网21和第二过滤网22。
请同时参阅图6c、图6d，第一过滤网21的相邻两个Y结构的相邻两条第二网线212的一端与第二过滤网22的Y形单元的第四网线222的一端通过第二支撑杆232进行连接。
本实施例中，支撑组件23的多个支撑单元的数量为六个，其中第一支撑杆231的数量为三个，第二支撑杆232的数量为三个。且三个第一支撑杆231和三个第二支撑杆232在滤器200的圆周方向上间隔分布。可以理解，多个第一支撑杆231和至少一个第二支撑杆232也可以不间隔分布，即不均匀分布。
滤器200在自然释放且无压缩状态下，近心端201的端面与远心端202的端面之间的距离为滤器200的自然长度L。本实施例中，每个第一支撑杆231在平行于滤器200的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度为15.7mm，滤器200的自然长度L为55mm，即每个第一支撑杆131在平行于滤器200的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度与滤器200的自然长度L的比值均约为2/7，而且三个第一支撑杆231在平行于滤器200的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的两端端点均相互重合。
滤器200采用输送鞘管经皮穿刺股静脉植入下腔静脉中，通过X射线显影设备检测出滤器200在植入下腔静脉后，没有产生倾斜、移位或翻转；滤器200植入14天后取出，患者未出现胸痛等不适症状，即滤器200取出时对血管内壁的损伤较小。
实施例3
请参阅图7，实施例3的滤器300的结构与实施例1的滤器100的结构部分相同，区别之处在于，滤器300的主体30只包括位于近心端301和远心端302之间且邻近近心端301的第一过滤网31和连接第一过滤网31且邻近远心端302的支撑组件33,滤器300不包括所述第二过滤网，即滤器300为单向开放结构。
本实施例中，支撑组件33的多个支撑单元的数量为六个，六个支撑单元均为第一支撑杆331，每个第一支撑杆331大致沿平行于滤器300的纵向中心轴的方向延伸。每个第一支撑杆331在平行于滤器300的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度均为15.7mm，自然释放且无压缩状态下，滤器300的自然长度L为55mm，即每个第一支撑杆331在平行于滤器300的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度与滤器300的自然长度L的比值均约为2/7，而且六个第一支撑杆331在平行于滤器300的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的两端端点均相互重合。
滤器300采用输送鞘管经皮穿刺股静脉植入下腔静脉中，通过X射线显影设备检测出滤器300在植入下腔静脉后，没有产生倾斜、移位或翻转；滤器300植入14天后取出，患者未出现胸痛等不适症状，即滤器300取出时对血管内壁的损伤较小。
实施例4
实施例4的滤器的结构与实施例1的滤器100的结构大致相同，所述滤器包括主体部，所述主体部包括第一、第二过滤网和位于第一、第二过滤网之间的支撑组件，所述支撑组件包括六个支撑单元，六个支撑单元均为第一支撑杆。
区别之处在于，本实施例的滤器在自然释放且无压缩状态下，每个所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度为5mm，所述滤器的自然长度L为55mm，即每根所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值均约为1/11。六个所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的一端端点不重合，和/或所述投影的另一端端点不重合。
所述滤器采用输送鞘管经皮穿刺股静脉植入下腔静脉中，通过X射线显影设备检测出所述滤器在植入下腔静脉后，没有产生倾斜、移位或翻转；所述滤器植入14天后取出，患者未出现胸痛等不适症状，即所述滤器取出时对血管内壁的损伤较小。
实施例5
实施例5的滤器的结构与实施例2的滤器200的结构大致相同，所述滤器包括主体部，所述主体部包括第一、第二过滤网和位于第一、第二过滤网之间的支撑组件，所述支撑组件包括六个支撑单元，所述六个支撑单元包括三个第一支撑杆和三个第二支撑杆。
区别之处在于，本实施例的滤器在自然释放且无压缩状态下，每个所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度为44.3mm，所述滤器的自然长度L为55mm，即每个所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值均约为3/4。三个所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的一端端点不重合，和/或所述投影的另一端端点不重合。
所述滤器采用输送鞘管经皮穿刺股静脉植入下腔静脉中，通过X射线显影设备检测出所述滤器在植入下腔静脉后，没有产生倾斜、移位或翻转；所述滤器植入14天后取出，患者未出现胸痛等不适症状，即所述滤器取出时对血管内壁的损伤较小。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述，但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，这些均属于本发明的保护之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种滤器，包括具有近心端和远心端的主体部，所述主体部包括位于所述近心端及远心端之间且邻近所述近心端的第一过滤网，及多个分别与所述第一过滤网相连且皆位于所述第一过滤网与远心端之间的第一支撑杆；所述第一支撑杆大致沿平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的方向延伸，其特征在于，每个所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值大于或等于1/11，且小于或等于3/4。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度与所述滤器的自然长度的比值为2/7。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述多个第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影长度相等。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述多个第一支撑杆在平行于所述滤器的纵向中心轴的平面内的投影的一端端点相互重合，另一端端点也相互重合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述第一支撑杆的一端包括弧形段，所述弧形段与所述第一过滤网的网线相连。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述主体部还包括至少一个呈弧形状的第二支撑杆，所述第二支撑杆与所述第一过滤网连接，并朝靠近远心端的方向延伸。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆在所述滤器的圆周方向上间隔分布。
  8. 根据权利要求1或6所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述滤器还包括位于所述远心端且与所述主体部相连的第二过滤网。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述第一支撑杆的至少一端设有一条缝，所述缝位于所述第一过滤网的与所述第一支撑杆相连的两条网线之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述主体部和/或所述第二过滤网由切割同一根镍钛管而成；所述第一支撑杆沿所述滤器的周向方向的宽度大于所述第一过滤网和/或所述第二过滤网的网线沿所述滤器的周向方向的宽度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述滤器还包括回收钩，所述回收钩设置于所述滤器的远心端或近心端；所述回收钩为具有一开口的管状结构，所述回收钩的开口方向沿所述滤器的径向方向向外延伸且偏向所述主体部；所述回收钩的开口在垂直于所述开口方向上的宽度大于或等于所述回收钩的管状结构外径的1/5，所述回收钩的开口在垂直于所述滤器的纵向中心轴方向上的深度小于或等于所述回收钩的管状结构外径的19/20。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的滤器，其特征在于，至少一个所述第一支撑杆上设置有固定锚，所述固定锚的一端固定于所述第一支撑杆上，所述固定锚的另一端向远离所述回收钩的方向延伸并悬空；所述固定锚与所述第一支撑杆杆之间的夹角小于90°，所述固定锚的悬空端至所述第一支撑杆的距离小于或等于3mm。
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