WO2017081498A1 - Lattice girder shaped with u profile braced with t steel elements or angle steel elements, and wall structure without thermal bridge created with this lattice girder - Google Patents

Lattice girder shaped with u profile braced with t steel elements or angle steel elements, and wall structure without thermal bridge created with this lattice girder Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017081498A1
WO2017081498A1 PCT/HU2016/000029 HU2016000029W WO2017081498A1 WO 2017081498 A1 WO2017081498 A1 WO 2017081498A1 HU 2016000029 W HU2016000029 W HU 2016000029W WO 2017081498 A1 WO2017081498 A1 WO 2017081498A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
profile
profiles
steel elements
flanges
lattice girder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU2016/000029
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jenő FÁY
Original Assignee
Jenő FÁY
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jenő FÁY filed Critical Jenő FÁY
Publication of WO2017081498A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017081498A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/58—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of metal
    • E04B2/60—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of metal characterised by special cross-section of the elongated members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/58—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E04C3/09—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is lattice girder shaped with U profiles braced with T steel elements or angle steel elements, and wall structure without thermal bridge created with this lattice girder, which lattice girder ensures improved stability and rigidity, and in addition to that, it has a higher load carrying capacity, and allows the creation of wall structures without thermal bridge in a simple and quick manner.
  • the lattice girder structures are used rather extensively in the construction industry. Many different versions of lattice girders are used primarily for creating supporting columns, and are also used in the structures of halls and other buildings. In one of the grous of lattice girder solutiuons the U profiles, aligned opposite to each other at certain distance, are connected by means of flat steels with various geometrical allocation, but these lattice girder solutions do not have appropriate stability and their load carrying capactity is also less.
  • the patent document HU 210 945 filing No. 1313/90 makes known a planar lattice girder to be used preferably for assembling hall structures, as main joists of hall structures and supporting beams of floors. U profile webs and L profile lattice members are used in the solution.
  • the planar lattice girder containing U profile webs and lattice members is characterised by node elements made of L profile welded between and perpendicularly to its flanges, while lattice members consisting of two L profiles are welded to the node elements, the external flanges of the lattice members are welded to the free edges of the flange of the web, its internal flanges are welded to the node elements.
  • the flanges of the web and the external flanges of the lattice members are aligned along the external enveloping plane of the lattice girder, and the node elements are welded between the flanges of the web at the edge of the flanges by means of butt weld or fillet weld, and are joined at the internal surface of the flanges with fillet weld.
  • the European patent document EP 2 417 308 makes known a procedure for creating buildings, according to which the lattice joists are assembled in a way, that an enclosed void is formed continuously within the flooring and the roof structure and in the wall structure comprising of opposite elements, and this void is injected with insulating material, so that a continuous insulating layer is formed within the entire building structure.
  • the European patent document EP 1 323 876 makes known panel, spacer and lattice girder truss for the purpose of construction technology.
  • the patent document US 4 894 964 makes known building structure and method.
  • the patent description introduces a building with frame structure, where the skeleton of the walls, the floor and the roof is made of lattice girder.
  • the girder is covered with construction panel at both sided, and the enclosed space is filled with thermal insulation.
  • the lattice girder is assembled from welded angle steel profiles.
  • the patent document GB 1 235 663 makes known the creation of lattice girder structure, where the lower and upper webs are made of T profile, while the lattice members are made of angle steel with welded connections.
  • the patent document US 4 637 187 makes known a thermally insulated wall structure made with steel trusses, where the wall trusses are formed from lattice girder made of steel.
  • the lower and upper webs of the lattice girder are made of steel channel profiles, while the lattice members are made by bending a continuous steel profile in a zigzag fashion.
  • the lattice girder created in this manner can be used for producing walls free from thermal bridge in a way, that thermal insulation strip is attached to both external surfaces of the U profiles of the lattice girder, and the lattice girders are fixed perpendicularly to the flanges of the U profile which is fastened to the foundation with its base by means of bolting, and U
  • the invention is a lattice girder shaped with U profile braced with angle steel elements consisting of parallel U profiles oriented opposite to each other and elements connecting the two U profiles. It is characterised by that, the edges of the angle steel elements are fixed at an angle a to the base plate of the U profiles at determined cross section of one of the U profile of the lattice girder, so that the angle steel elements are fixed in pairs with their cut surfaces to the base plate of the U profile while their vertices are fitted together, and at the same time, these sections of the flanges of the angle steel elements are fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges of the U profile, and are joined along these section by means of welding seams, while the same angle steel elements are fitted to the base plate of the other U profile of the lattice girder along their other cut edges, so that on the same surface the next angle steel element is fitted along its cut edge ensuring that the vertices of the two angle steel elements join, and this section of flanges of the angle steel elements
  • the invention furthermore is a lattice girder shaped with U profile braced with T steel elements consisting of parallel U profiles oriented opposite to each other and elements connecting the two U profiles.
  • T steel elements consisting of parallel U profiles oriented opposite to each other and elements connecting the two U profiles.
  • two T steel elements are placed along their cut edges on the internal surface of the base plate of the U profile at determined cross section of one of the U profiles of the lattice girder, so that the plane of the cross members of the T steel elements has an angle a relative to the base plate of the U profile, and their vertices formed by its flanges with the cut edges just join, and the T steel elements are joined to the U profile by means of welding seam at the base plate of the U profile along the edges of its flanges, and are joined by means of welding seam to the internal surfaces of the U profile along the periferal edges of its cross members, while the other edges of the T steel elements are joined to the other U profile of the lattice girder, so that these
  • the invention furthermore a wall structure having no thermal bridge formed from lattice girder according to the invention, which includes covering elements fixed to the lattice girders, and thermal insulator material is filled in this space.
  • lower U profiles are fixed on the previously prepared foundation along the lines of the external main walls and internal separating walls of the building, and the lattice girders are placed on the base plate of the lower U profiles between the flanges of the lower U profiles in perpendicular direction, which are fixed through their terminations by means of bolting, and to the other end of the lattice girders the upper U profile are fixed by means of bolting, and at the perpendicular corners, or at the perpendicular joints of the node wall T the angle steels are fixed, so that the bolting is used in a known manner to fix the angle steels to the internal surfaces of the flanges of lower U profile and the upper U profile, and at the joints of the T node walls the angle steels can be installed if cuts
  • plasterboards are placed on the cover elements on the internal surfaces of the building.
  • former insulation is placed on the cover elements on the external surfaces of the building.
  • Fig. 1 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where angles steel elements are used.
  • Fig. 2 shows the perspective view of another possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where T steel element is used.
  • Fig. 3 shows the perspective view of a further possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the inventions, where T steel elements are used.
  • Fig. 4 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the corner of wall structure formed from the lattice girder according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows Section A-A introduced in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of a T node of the wall structures produced from the lattice girder according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows View B-B introduced in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 8 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure made of the lattice girder according to the invention.
  • Fig. 9 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure which is free from thermal bridge, as well as the floor slab structure connected to it.
  • Fig. 10 shows a further possible embodiment of the wall structure free from thermal bridge according to the invention, together with the connected floor slab.
  • Fig. 11 shows the wall structure according to the invention together with a node formed at the intermediate floor slab.
  • Fig. 1 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where angles steel elements are used.
  • the U profiles 2, consisting of base plates 3 facing each other and flanges 4, of the lattice girder 1 can be seen in the figure
  • Angle steel elements 5 are fixed between the U profiles 2 facing each other, so that along their cut edges 8 the angle steel elements 5 are fitted to the internal surface of base plate 3 of one of the U profiles 2, while the edges 7 of the angle steel elements 5 are aligned with an angle a relative to the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, while the vertices 9 formed by their cut edges 8 and cut edges 7 exactly contact.
  • the angle steel elements 5 are joined to the U profile 2 by means of welding seams 12 to the internal surface of flanges 4 of the U profile 2 along the periferal edges of its flanges 6.
  • Fig. 2 shows the perspective view of another possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where T steel element is used.
  • the lattice girder 1 can be seen in the figure with the U profiles 2 facing each other, which are formed with base plate 3 and flanges 4.
  • the T steel elements 13 are fixed between the U profiles 2 facing each other, so that the T steel elements 3 are fitted to the internal surface of the U profiles 2 along their cut edges 16, thus the plane of cross members 15 of the T steel elements 13 are aligned at an angle a relative to base plate 3 of U profile 2, and the vertices 17 of the its flanges 14 created with the cut edges 16 just meet.
  • the T steel elements 13 are joined to the U profile 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges of its flanges 14 at the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, and are joined to the internal surfaces of flanges 4 of U profile 2 by means of welding seams 12 along the periferal edges its cross members 15. It can be well seen in Fig. 2 that the cut edges 18 of the T steel elements 13 are joined to the other U profile 2, so that these cut edges 18 are seated on the internal surface of the base plate 3 of the other U profile 2, and along their cut edges 18 the cross members 15 meet the cut edges 18 of the cross members 15, formed in a similar way, of the next T steel elements 13.
  • the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the base plate 3 of the U profile 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges 18 of their flanges 14, and are fixed to the internal surfaces of flanges 4 of the U profile 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the periferal edges of its cross members 15.
  • Fig. 3 shows the perspective view of a further possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the inventions, where T steel elements are used.
  • the lattice girder 1 with its oppositely aligned U profiles 2 constructed with base plate 3 and flanges 4.
  • the T steel elements 13 are inserted between the oppositely aligned U profiles 2 in a way that they are fitted to the internal surface of the base plate
  • the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the U profile 2 and to each other along its perpendicularly cut edges 19 with the help of welding seam 12, and also fixed to base plate 3 of U profile 2, while the they are fixed along the periferal edges of the cross members 15 by means of welding seams 12 to the internal surfaces of the flanges 4 of the U profile 2.
  • the other cut edges 18 of the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the other U profile 2, so that these cut edges 18 are fitted to the internal surface of base plate 3 of the other U profile 2, while along the cut edges 18 of its cross members 15 they meet the cut edges 18 of the cross members 15 of the next T steel elements 13 that have been prepared in the same fashion.
  • the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the base plate 3 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges 18 of their flanges 14, while they are fixed to the internal surfaces of the flanges 4 of the U profile 2 along the periferal edges of their cross members 15.
  • Fig. 4 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the corner of wall structure formed from the lattice girder according to the invention.
  • the figure shows the lower U profiles 20 which are placed on the base and are fixed there in know manner.
  • the lattice girders 1 are fixed by means of bolting 22 between the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 on the base plate 23 of the lower U profile 20 through the end terminations 21 of the lattice girder 1.
  • the other ends of the lattice girders 1 are fixed into the upper U profiles 30 also by means of bolting 22.
  • the corner is formed in a way that the adjacent but perpendicular lattice girders 1 are not inserted at the ends of the lower U profile 20, instead they are placed at a distance at the internal side, so that the angle steel 26 could be installed between them.
  • An equivalent angle steel 26 is placed also on the external side. These angle steels 26 are bolted in a know manner to the flanges 24 of the lower U profile 20 and the upper U profile 30.
  • Fig. 5 shows Section A-A introduced in Fig. 4.
  • the perpendicularly aligned lower U profiles 20 can be seen in Fig. 5, which are fitted together perpendicularly along their bevelled edges, and fixed to the base in a know manner.
  • the adjacent lattice girders 1 which are aligned perpendicularly to each other, are not placed to the ends of the lower U profile 20, because the angle steel 26 is fixed here at the internal side.
  • the angle steel 26 is fitted to the internal surface of flanges 24 of lower U profile 20 and is fixed in known manner with the help of bolting 28.
  • the other external angle steel 26 is placed at the ends of the lower U profile 20 so that the angle steel 26 is fitted to the internal surface of the flanges 24 of the lower U profile, and is fixed in known manner with the help of bolting 28.
  • the thermal insulation strip 25 can also be seen in the figure, which is fastened to the external surface of base plates 3 of the U profiles of 2 of the lattice girders.
  • Fig. 6 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of a T node of the wall structures produced from the lattice girder according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 shows View B-B introduced in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 6 and 7 show the node T.
  • one lower U profile 20 is aligned and fixed perpendicularly to the other lower U profile 20 to the foundation.
  • the lattice girders 1 are placed on it at an appropriate spacing by means of bolting 22, then the upper U profiles 30 are installed on the top of the lattice girders 1 also by means of bolting 22.
  • the angle steels 26 are joined to the perpendicularly aligned lower U profiles 20 and upper U profiles 30 by means of bolting, in this case in a way that two cuts 27 are made in the flange of the continuously running lower U profile 20 at a location where the perpendicularly connected lower U profiles 20 is fitted, so that the angle steels 26 are fitted and fixed after passing through the cut 27.
  • the angle steels 26 are fixed in a similar way as appropriate also to the upper U profiles 30.
  • Fig. 8 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure made of the lattice girder according to the invention.
  • the lattice girder 1 in this case is provided with bracings made of angle steel elements 5, which are fixed to the lower U profile 20 at the bottom, and to the upper U profile 30 at the top.
  • the U profiles 2 of the lattice girder 1 are provided with thermal insulating strip 25.
  • the cover element 29 is attached to the part of the lattice girder 1 facing the internal space, and it is lined with vapour barrier sheet 40 and then with plasterboard 33.
  • the cover element 29 is attached to the part of the lattice girder 1 facing the external space, and it is lined with thermal insulation 31.
  • thermal insulator material 32 is filled into the wall section established by the lattice girder 1 and the cover elements 29 attached to it.
  • the thermal bridge interrupter insulation 41 can also be seen in the figure, and the termination 21 of the lattice girder 1.
  • Fig. 9 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure which is free from thermal bridge, as well as the floor slab structure connected to it.
  • the wall structure introduced in Fig. 8 can be seen in Fig. 9 together with the I beams 34 placed on it, the interspaces of which are also filled with thermal insulating material 32.
  • the construction panel 38 is laid on the flanges of I beams 34, and this is where the pads 35 are fixed, to which the cover element 36 is fixed.
  • Fig. 10 shows a further possible embodiment of the wall structure free from thermal bridge according to the invention, together with the connected floor slab.
  • Fig. 10 shows the wall structure introduced in Fig. 8.
  • the I beams 34 can be seen in the figure, which are placed on the wall structure formed from the lattice girder 1 according to the invention, together with the thermal insulator material 32 filling the internal voids, as well as the thermal insulator material 31 placed over the I beams 34.
  • the construction panels 38 are laid on the upper surface of the flanges of I beams 34, to which the pads 35 are fixed from below, and this is where the cover elements 36 are fixed. Two rows of pads 35 aligned perpendicularly to each other are installed.
  • the upper pads 35 function of space fillers, because their thickness is identical to spacing of the flanges of I beam 34, and the row of pads 35 are fixed perpendicularly to it for supporting the plasterboard.
  • the vapour barrier sheet is installed along the plane between two pads 35.
  • Fig. 11 shows the wall structure according to the invention together with a node formed at the intermediate floor slab.
  • the walls formed from the lattice girder 1 can be seen in the figure, together with the I beams 34 placed on them, and another wall structure formed also from the lattice girder, which is fixed to it.
  • the angle steel elements 5 are cut to proper size first, so that their first ends are formed to match the cut edge 8, while their other ends are formed to match the cut edge 10.
  • angle steel elements 5 are fixed in pairs to the previously marked location of one of the U profiles 2, so that their cut surfaces 8 are placed on the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, while their vertices 9 are fitted together.
  • this part of the flanges 6 of the angle steel elements 5 is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges 4 of the U profile 2, and they are joined along this part by means of welding seam 12.
  • the angle steel elements 5 are fitted along their other cut edges 10 to the base plate
  • both of its ends are provided with termination 21 , so that the flat steel used for the termination 21 is perpendicular to both U profiles 2.
  • thermal insulating strip 25 is placed on the external surface of the base plate 3 of both U profiles 2 of the lattice girder 1 that has been assembled according to the above procedure.
  • the T steel elements 13 are cut to proper size first, so that one of their ends are formed according to cut edges 16, while their other ends are formed according to the cut edge 18.
  • the T steel elements 13 are fixed in pairs to the previously marked location of one of the U profiles 2, so that their cut surfaces 16 are placed on the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, while their vertices 17 are fitted together. At this moment this part of the cross members 15 of the T steel elements 13 is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges
  • T steel elements 13 are fitted along their other cut edges 18 to the base plate 3 of the other U profile 2, which is aligned in parallel and facing the first U profile 2. Then the subsequent T steel element 13 is placed on the same surface along its cut edge 18, so that the given two T steel elements 13 join along their cut edge 18.
  • this part of the cross members 15 of the T steel elements 13 is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges 4 of the U profile 2, and they are joined by means of welding seam 12 along this part, and both T steel elements 13 are fixed to the base plated 3 of the U profiles 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges 18 of their flanges 14.
  • both of its ends are provided with termination 21, so that the flat steel used for the termination 21 is perpendicular to both U profiles 2.
  • thermal insulating strip 25 is placed on the external surface of the base plate 3 of both U profiles 2 of the lattice girder 1 that has been assembled according to the above procedure.
  • the same procedure described above is used in case of forming the T steel element 13 introduced in Fig, 3, which T steel elements 13 are formed with cut edge 19 at one end and with cut edge 18 at the other end.
  • the lower U profiles 20 are placed first on the foundation, where they are fixed in a known manner. This is when the external main walls and the internal separating walls of the building are formed according to the design.
  • the used lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profiles 30 are cut to proper size already in the workshop, with bevel cut in the given case for the perpendicular wall connections, so that only the fitting and fixing needs to be made on site.
  • the base plates 23 of lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profiles 30 are provided with holes and welded bolts in them in advance at locations where the lattice girders 1 are to be fixed, so that the wall structure could be assembled with the simplest bolting method in an easy manner on site.
  • the lattice girders 1 are placed on the base plate 23 of the lower U profile 20 between the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 in perpendicular direction through the terminations 21, and the lattice girders 1 are fixed at their lower points by means of bolting 22.
  • the upper U profiles 30 are placed on the ends of lattice girders 1 , then are interconnected by means of bolting 22.
  • angles steels 26 are attached at the perpendicular corners or at the perpendicular connections of the T node walls.
  • These angle steels 26 are fixed in a known manner by means of bolting to the internal surfaces of the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profile 30. It is necessary to make cuts 27 in the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profile 30, so that the angles steels 26 could be installed on the internal surfaces of flanges 24 at the T node wall connections.
  • the installed angle steels 26 make sure that the cover elements 29 can be properly fixed on the external and internal surfaces of the walls. As has been introduced already in Fig. 5, it is not absolutely necessary to allocate lattice girders 1 at the corners for the purpose of fixing the cover elements 29.
  • the cover elements 29 are attached to the external and internals surfaces of the base plates 3 of the U profiles 2 in the lattice girders 1 in a known manner, for instance by means of bolting. Then the internals voids of the walls are filled with thermal insulating material 32 on site. This is when the thermal bridge interrupter insulation 41 is applied on the surfaces of flanges 24 of the lower U profile and the upper U profile 30.
  • the inside of the walls is provided with cover in a known manner, for instance with plasterboard, while the external side of the walls is provided with thermal insulation 31.
  • the floor slab is placed on the wall structure assembled according to the above procedure, for the purpose of which I beams 34 are laid on the upper U profiles 30.
  • the construction panels 38 are inserted from above on the upper surface of the flanges and between I beams 34, while pads 42 are fixed next to the flanges of I beams 34 for the purpose of ensuring a consistent planar surface.
  • the vapour barrier sheet 40 is attached to the pads 42, and then the pads 35 are fixed to the pads 42 in crosswise direction, on which the cover plate of the internal space, preferable plasterboard, is applied.
  • the floor slab constructed this way could be the closing floor slab on the top, which can be provided with additional thermal insulating layer, and on which the closing layer could be placed in a known manner. At the same time, new levels can be mounted on this floor slab.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the lattice girders created in this way have a higher stability and load carrying capacity as compared to the presently used lattice girders, and this allows the use of angle steels and T profiles with less cross section. Furthermore, they are suitable to create wall structure without thermal bridge.

Abstract

Lattice girder comprises angle or T steel elements connecting the two U profiles. Angle steel elements (5) are fixed in pairs with their cut surfaces (8) to the base plate (3) of the U profile (2) while their vertices (9) are fitted together. The flanges (4) of the U profile (2) are joined along them by means of welding seams (12). The angle steel elements (5) are fitted to the base plate (3) of the other U profile (2) of the lattice girder (1) along their other cut edges (10), so that on the same surface the next angle steel element (5) is fitted along its cut edge (10) ensuring that the vertices (11) of the two angle steel elements (5) join. The section of flanges (6) of the angle steel elements (5) is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges (4) of the U profile (2), and they are joined along this section by means of welding seam (12). The angle steel elements (5) are fixed the same way along the entire length of the U profile (2), and terminating element (21) is attached to the end of U profiles (2). External surface of the base plate (3) of both U profiles (2) is provided with thermal insulating strip (25).

Description

Lattice girder shaped with U profile braced with T steel elements or angle steel elements, and wall structure without thermal bridge created with this lattice girder
The subject of the invention is lattice girder shaped with U profiles braced with T steel elements or angle steel elements, and wall structure without thermal bridge created with this lattice girder, which lattice girder ensures improved stability and rigidity, and in addition to that, it has a higher load carrying capacity, and allows the creation of wall structures without thermal bridge in a simple and quick manner.
The lattice girder structures are used rather extensively in the construction industry. Many different versions of lattice girders are used primarily for creating supporting columns, and are also used in the structures of halls and other buildings. In one of the grous of lattice girder solutiuons the U profiles, aligned opposite to each other at certain distance, are connected by means of flat steels with various geometrical allocation, but these lattice girder solutions do not have appropriate stability and their load carrying capactity is also less.
According to the state of art, the patent document HU 210 945 filing No. 1313/90 makes known a planar lattice girder to be used preferably for assembling hall structures, as main joists of hall structures and supporting beams of floors. U profile webs and L profile lattice members are used in the solution. The planar lattice girder containing U profile webs and lattice members is characterised by node elements made of L profile welded between and perpendicularly to its flanges, while lattice members consisting of two L profiles are welded to the node elements, the external flanges of the lattice members are welded to the free edges of the flange of the web, its internal flanges are welded to the node elements. The flanges of the web and the external flanges of the lattice members are aligned along the external enveloping plane of the lattice girder, and the node elements are welded between the flanges of the web at the edge of the flanges by means of butt weld or fillet weld, and are joined at the internal surface of the flanges with fillet weld.
The European patent document EP 2 417 308 makes known a procedure for creating buildings, according to which the lattice joists are assembled in a way, that an enclosed void is formed continuously within the flooring and the roof structure and in the wall structure comprising of opposite elements, and this void is injected with insulating material, so that a continuous insulating layer is formed within the entire building structure.
The European patent document EP 1 323 876 makes known panel, spacer and lattice girder truss for the purpose of construction technology. The patent document US 4 894 964 makes known building structure and method. The patent description introduces a building with frame structure, where the skeleton of the walls, the floor and the roof is made of lattice girder. The girder is covered with construction panel at both sided, and the enclosed space is filled with thermal insulation. The lattice girder is assembled from welded angle steel profiles.
The patent document GB 1 235 663 makes known the creation of lattice girder structure, where the lower and upper webs are made of T profile, while the lattice members are made of angle steel with welded connections.
The patent document US 4 637 187 makes known a thermally insulated wall structure made with steel trusses, where the wall trusses are formed from lattice girder made of steel. The lower and upper webs of the lattice girder are made of steel channel profiles, while the lattice members are made by bending a continuous steel profile in a zigzag fashion.
The above described and used solutions cannot guarantee the desirable rigidity of the lattice girder because of their structure, and cannot provide high load carrying capacity, and do not ensure proper thermal insulation the lattice girder either.
When developing the solution according to the invention we had the aim of creating a lattice girder, which can provide higher stability and rigidity as compared to the lattice girder structures used before, and has a higher load carrying capacity too, and furthermore, it allows the production of wall structures without thermal bridge in a simple manner and quickly.
During the creation of the lattice girder according to the invention we recognised that if angle steel elements or T steel elements are fixed between two parallel U profiles, so that they are aligned with an angle a relative base plate of the U profile, and the angle steel elements are joined by means of welding along one of their cut edges to the flanges of one of the U profiles and optionally also to the base plate of the U profile, while their other cut edges are joined by means of welding to the flanges of the other U profile, and optionally to the base plate of the U profile, and the subsequent angle steel elements and T steel elements are fixed at their edges and vertices, and furthermore, the lattice girder created in this manner can be used for producing walls free from thermal bridge in a way, that thermal insulation strip is attached to both external surfaces of the U profiles of the lattice girder, and the lattice girders are fixed perpendicularly to the flanges of the U profile which is fastened to the foundation with its base by means of bolting, and U profiles are fixed to the upper parts of the lattice girders, and then cover elements are fixed to the external and internal surfaces of the U profiles of the lattice girder, and the internal voids of the formed wall is filled with thermal insulating material, while the wall formed this way is covered with plasterboard, and further thermal insulation is applied on the internal wall surfaces, then the set out aim can be achieved.
The invention is a lattice girder shaped with U profile braced with angle steel elements consisting of parallel U profiles oriented opposite to each other and elements connecting the two U profiles. It is characterised by that, the edges of the angle steel elements are fixed at an angle a to the base plate of the U profiles at determined cross section of one of the U profile of the lattice girder, so that the angle steel elements are fixed in pairs with their cut surfaces to the base plate of the U profile while their vertices are fitted together, and at the same time, these sections of the flanges of the angle steel elements are fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges of the U profile, and are joined along these section by means of welding seams, while the same angle steel elements are fitted to the base plate of the other U profile of the lattice girder along their other cut edges, so that on the same surface the next angle steel element is fitted along its cut edge ensuring that the vertices of the two angle steel elements join, and this section of flanges of the angle steel elements is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges of the U profile, and they are joined along this section by means of welding seam, and the angle steel elements are fixed the same way along the entire length of the U profile, and terminating element is attached to the end of U profiles, and external surface of the base plate of both U profiles is provided with thermal insulating strip.
The invention furthermore is a lattice girder shaped with U profile braced with T steel elements consisting of parallel U profiles oriented opposite to each other and elements connecting the two U profiles. I is characterised by that, two T steel elements are placed along their cut edges on the internal surface of the base plate of the U profile at determined cross section of one of the U profiles of the lattice girder, so that the plane of the cross members of the T steel elements has an angle a relative to the base plate of the U profile, and their vertices formed by its flanges with the cut edges just join, and the T steel elements are joined to the U profile by means of welding seam at the base plate of the U profile along the edges of its flanges, and are joined by means of welding seam to the internal surfaces of the U profile along the periferal edges of its cross members, while the other edges of the T steel elements are joined to the other U profile of the lattice girder, so that these cut edges seat on the internal surface of the base plate of the other U profile, and the cross members meet the cut edges of the similarly shaped cross members of the next T steel elements along their cut edges, and the T steel elements are joined by means of welding seam along the cut edges of their flanges to the base plate of the U profile, and are joined by means of welding seams along the periferal edges of its cross members to the internal surfaces of the flanges of the U profile, and fixing of T steel elements on the U profiles is made the same way all along the length, and termination is attached to the ends of U profiles, and thermal insulation strip is placed on the external surface of the base plate of both U profiles of the lattice girder. In a preferred embodiment of the solution according to the invention one of the ends of T steel elements in this case are formed with cut edges, while their other ends are formed with different cut edges.
In another preferred embodiment of the solution according to the invention the angle steel elements and T steel elements fixed in the lattice girder are aligned at and angle a = 30°-60°, preferably 45°.
The invention furthermore a wall structure having no thermal bridge formed from lattice girder according to the invention, which includes covering elements fixed to the lattice girders, and thermal insulator material is filled in this space. It is characterised by that, lower U profiles are fixed on the previously prepared foundation along the lines of the external main walls and internal separating walls of the building, and the lattice girders are placed on the base plate of the lower U profiles between the flanges of the lower U profiles in perpendicular direction, which are fixed through their terminations by means of bolting, and to the other end of the lattice girders the upper U profile are fixed by means of bolting, and at the perpendicular corners, or at the perpendicular joints of the node wall T the angle steels are fixed, so that the bolting is used in a known manner to fix the angle steels to the internal surfaces of the flanges of lower U profile and the upper U profile, and at the joints of the T node walls the angle steels can be installed if cuts are made in the flanges of the lower U profile and in the upper U profile, and in case of the wall structure created in this way, the cover elements are attached to the external and internal surfaces of the based plates of U profiles of the lattice girders, the internal void of the wall are filled on site with thermal insulating materials.
In a preferred embodiment of the solution according to the invention plasterboards are placed on the cover elements on the internal surfaces of the building.
In a preferred embodiment of the solution according to the invention former insulation is placed on the cover elements on the external surfaces of the building.
The solution according to the invention is furthermore set forth by the enclosed drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where angles steel elements are used.
Fig. 2 shows the perspective view of another possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where T steel element is used.
Fig. 3 shows the perspective view of a further possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the inventions, where T steel elements are used.
Fig. 4 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the corner of wall structure formed from the lattice girder according to the invention.
Fig. 5 shows Section A-A introduced in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of a T node of the wall structures produced from the lattice girder according to the invention.
Fig. 7 shows View B-B introduced in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure made of the lattice girder according to the invention.
Fig. 9 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure which is free from thermal bridge, as well as the floor slab structure connected to it.
Fig. 10 shows a further possible embodiment of the wall structure free from thermal bridge according to the invention, together with the connected floor slab.
Fig. 11 shows the wall structure according to the invention together with a node formed at the intermediate floor slab.
Fig. 1 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where angles steel elements are used. The U profiles 2, consisting of base plates 3 facing each other and flanges 4, of the lattice girder 1 can be seen in the figure Angle steel elements 5 are fixed between the U profiles 2 facing each other, so that along their cut edges 8 the angle steel elements 5 are fitted to the internal surface of base plate 3 of one of the U profiles 2, while the edges 7 of the angle steel elements 5 are aligned with an angle a relative to the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, while the vertices 9 formed by their cut edges 8 and cut edges 7 exactly contact. It can be seen in the figure, that the angle steel elements 5 are joined to the U profile 2 by means of welding seams 12 to the internal surface of flanges 4 of the U profile 2 along the periferal edges of its flanges 6.
It can be well seen in Fig. 1, that the other cut edges 10 of the angle steel elements 5 are fixed to the other U profile 2 in a way, that these cut edges 10 seat on the internal surface of the base plate 3 of the other U profile 2, while the their vertex 1 1 formed by its cut edges 10 and periferal edges of its flanges 6 meet the vertex 1 1 formed similarly by the subsequent angle steel 5. In this case, the angle steels 5 are joined by means of welding seams 12 along the periferal edge of its flanges 6 to the internal surface of the flange 4 of the other U profile 2. The condition regarding the extent of angle is a= 30°- 60°, preferably 45°.
Fig. 2 shows the perspective view of another possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the invention, where T steel element is used. The lattice girder 1 can be seen in the figure with the U profiles 2 facing each other, which are formed with base plate 3 and flanges 4. The T steel elements 13 are fixed between the U profiles 2 facing each other, so that the T steel elements 3 are fitted to the internal surface of the U profiles 2 along their cut edges 16, thus the plane of cross members 15 of the T steel elements 13 are aligned at an angle a relative to base plate 3 of U profile 2, and the vertices 17 of the its flanges 14 created with the cut edges 16 just meet.
As can be seen in Fig. 2 the T steel elements 13 are joined to the U profile 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges of its flanges 14 at the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, and are joined to the internal surfaces of flanges 4 of U profile 2 by means of welding seams 12 along the periferal edges its cross members 15. It can be well seen in Fig. 2 that the cut edges 18 of the T steel elements 13 are joined to the other U profile 2, so that these cut edges 18 are seated on the internal surface of the base plate 3 of the other U profile 2, and along their cut edges 18 the cross members 15 meet the cut edges 18 of the cross members 15, formed in a similar way, of the next T steel elements 13. In this case, the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the base plate 3 of the U profile 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges 18 of their flanges 14, and are fixed to the internal surfaces of flanges 4 of the U profile 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the periferal edges of its cross members 15. The condition regarding the extent of angle is a= 30°-60°, preferably 45°.
Fig. 3 shows the perspective view of a further possible embodiment of the lattice girder according to the inventions, where T steel elements are used. In the figure it is possible to see the lattice girder 1 with its oppositely aligned U profiles 2 constructed with base plate 3 and flanges 4. The T steel elements 13 are inserted between the oppositely aligned U profiles 2 in a way that they are fitted to the internal surface of the base plate
3 of one of the U profiles 2 along the cut edges 19 of the T steel elements 13. It can be seen, that the plane of cross members 15 of T steel elements 13 is aligned at an angle a relative to the base plate 3 of U profile 2. Furthermore, the cut edges 19 of the flanges 14 of the T steel elements 13, that have been cut perpendicularly, are fitted to the flange
4 of U profile 2 with their perpendicular edges.
It can be seen in Fig. 3 that the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the U profile 2 and to each other along its perpendicularly cut edges 19 with the help of welding seam 12, and also fixed to base plate 3 of U profile 2, while the they are fixed along the periferal edges of the cross members 15 by means of welding seams 12 to the internal surfaces of the flanges 4 of the U profile 2.
It can be seen in Fig. 3 that the other cut edges 18 of the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the other U profile 2, so that these cut edges 18 are fitted to the internal surface of base plate 3 of the other U profile 2, while along the cut edges 18 of its cross members 15 they meet the cut edges 18 of the cross members 15 of the next T steel elements 13 that have been prepared in the same fashion. In this case, the T steel elements 13 are fixed to the base plate 3 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges 18 of their flanges 14, while they are fixed to the internal surfaces of the flanges 4 of the U profile 2 along the periferal edges of their cross members 15. The condition regarding the extent of angle is a= 30°-60°, preferably 45.
Fig. 4 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of the corner of wall structure formed from the lattice girder according to the invention. The figure shows the lower U profiles 20 which are placed on the base and are fixed there in know manner. The lattice girders 1 are fixed by means of bolting 22 between the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 on the base plate 23 of the lower U profile 20 through the end terminations 21 of the lattice girder 1. The other ends of the lattice girders 1 are fixed into the upper U profiles 30 also by means of bolting 22.
It can be well seen in Fig. 4, that the corner is formed in a way that the adjacent but perpendicular lattice girders 1 are not inserted at the ends of the lower U profile 20, instead they are placed at a distance at the internal side, so that the angle steel 26 could be installed between them. An equivalent angle steel 26 is placed also on the external side. These angle steels 26 are bolted in a know manner to the flanges 24 of the lower U profile 20 and the upper U profile 30.
Fig. 5 shows Section A-A introduced in Fig. 4. The perpendicularly aligned lower U profiles 20 can be seen in Fig. 5, which are fitted together perpendicularly along their bevelled edges, and fixed to the base in a know manner. As can be well seen in the figure, the adjacent lattice girders 1 which are aligned perpendicularly to each other, are not placed to the ends of the lower U profile 20, because the angle steel 26 is fixed here at the internal side. The angle steel 26 is fitted to the internal surface of flanges 24 of lower U profile 20 and is fixed in known manner with the help of bolting 28.
The other external angle steel 26 is placed at the ends of the lower U profile 20 so that the angle steel 26 is fitted to the internal surface of the flanges 24 of the lower U profile, and is fixed in known manner with the help of bolting 28. The thermal insulation strip 25 can also be seen in the figure, which is fastened to the external surface of base plates 3 of the U profiles of 2 of the lattice girders.
Fig. 6 shows the perspective view of a possible embodiment of a T node of the wall structures produced from the lattice girder according to the invention. Fig. 7 shows View B-B introduced in Fig. 6.
Fig. 6 and 7 show the node T. In this case, one lower U profile 20 is aligned and fixed perpendicularly to the other lower U profile 20 to the foundation. The lattice girders 1 are placed on it at an appropriate spacing by means of bolting 22, then the upper U profiles 30 are installed on the top of the lattice girders 1 also by means of bolting 22.
At the T node the angle steels 26 are joined to the perpendicularly aligned lower U profiles 20 and upper U profiles 30 by means of bolting, in this case in a way that two cuts 27 are made in the flange of the continuously running lower U profile 20 at a location where the perpendicularly connected lower U profiles 20 is fitted, so that the angle steels 26 are fitted and fixed after passing through the cut 27. The angle steels 26 are fixed in a similar way as appropriate also to the upper U profiles 30.
Fig. 8 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure made of the lattice girder according to the invention.
It can be seen in Fig. 8 that the lattice girder 1 in this case is provided with bracings made of angle steel elements 5, which are fixed to the lower U profile 20 at the bottom, and to the upper U profile 30 at the top. In this case the U profiles 2 of the lattice girder 1 are provided with thermal insulating strip 25. The cover element 29 is attached to the part of the lattice girder 1 facing the internal space, and it is lined with vapour barrier sheet 40 and then with plasterboard 33.
The cover element 29 is attached to the part of the lattice girder 1 facing the external space, and it is lined with thermal insulation 31. As can be seen in Fig. 8, thermal insulator material 32 is filled into the wall section established by the lattice girder 1 and the cover elements 29 attached to it. Additionally, the thermal bridge interrupter insulation 41 can also be seen in the figure, and the termination 21 of the lattice girder 1.
Fig. 9 shows a possible embodiment of the wall structure which is free from thermal bridge, as well as the floor slab structure connected to it. The wall structure introduced in Fig. 8 can be seen in Fig. 9 together with the I beams 34 placed on it, the interspaces of which are also filled with thermal insulating material 32. As can be seen in the figure, the construction panel 38 is laid on the flanges of I beams 34, and this is where the pads 35 are fixed, to which the cover element 36 is fixed.
Fig. 10 shows a further possible embodiment of the wall structure free from thermal bridge according to the invention, together with the connected floor slab. Fig. 10 shows the wall structure introduced in Fig. 8. The I beams 34 can be seen in the figure, which are placed on the wall structure formed from the lattice girder 1 according to the invention, together with the thermal insulator material 32 filling the internal voids, as well as the thermal insulator material 31 placed over the I beams 34. It can be seen in the figure that the construction panels 38 are laid on the upper surface of the flanges of I beams 34, to which the pads 35 are fixed from below, and this is where the cover elements 36 are fixed. Two rows of pads 35 aligned perpendicularly to each other are installed. The upper pads 35 function of space fillers, because their thickness is identical to spacing of the flanges of I beam 34, and the row of pads 35 are fixed perpendicularly to it for supporting the plasterboard. The vapour barrier sheet is installed along the plane between two pads 35.
Fig. 11 shows the wall structure according to the invention together with a node formed at the intermediate floor slab. The walls formed from the lattice girder 1 can be seen in the figure, together with the I beams 34 placed on them, and another wall structure formed also from the lattice girder, which is fixed to it.
In case of a possible embodiment of the lattice girder 1 according to the invention the angle steel elements 5 are cut to proper size first, so that their first ends are formed to match the cut edge 8, while their other ends are formed to match the cut edge 10.
While parearing the cut edges 8,10 the angle a of edges 7 of the angle steel elements 5 is determined relative to the base plated 3 of the U profiles 2 in case of the given lattice girder 1.
Then the angle steel elements 5 are fixed in pairs to the previously marked location of one of the U profiles 2, so that their cut surfaces 8 are placed on the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, while their vertices 9 are fitted together. At this moment, this part of the flanges 6 of the angle steel elements 5 is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges 4 of the U profile 2, and they are joined along this part by means of welding seam 12. Then the angle steel elements 5 are fitted along their other cut edges 10 to the base plate
3 of the other U profile 2, which is aligned in parallel and facing the first U profile 2. Then the subsequent angle steel element 5 is placed on the same surface along its cut edge 10, so that the vertices 1 1 of the given two angle steel elements 5 join. At this moment this part of the flanges 6 of the angle steel elements 5 are fitted to the flanges 4 of the U profiles, and they are joined by means of welding seam 12 along this part.
When the lattice girder 1 is assembled according to the above procedure, both of its ends are provided with termination 21 , so that the flat steel used for the termination 21 is perpendicular to both U profiles 2. Finally, thermal insulating strip 25 is placed on the external surface of the base plate 3 of both U profiles 2 of the lattice girder 1 that has been assembled according to the above procedure.
In case of another possible embodiment of the lattice girder 1 according to the invention the T steel elements 13 are cut to proper size first, so that one of their ends are formed according to cut edges 16, while their other ends are formed according to the cut edge 18.
While preparing the cut edges 16,18 the angle a of cross members 15 of T steel elements 13 is determined relative to the base plated 3 of the U profiles 2 in case of the given lattice girder 1.
Then the T steel elements 13 are fixed in pairs to the previously marked location of one of the U profiles 2, so that their cut surfaces 16 are placed on the base plate 3 of the U profile 2, while their vertices 17 are fitted together. At this moment this part of the cross members 15 of the T steel elements 13 is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges
4 of the U profiles, and they are joined by means of welding seam 12 along this part.
Then the T steel elements 13 are fitted along their other cut edges 18 to the base plate 3 of the other U profile 2, which is aligned in parallel and facing the first U profile 2. Then the subsequent T steel element 13 is placed on the same surface along its cut edge 18, so that the given two T steel elements 13 join along their cut edge 18.
At this moment, this part of the cross members 15 of the T steel elements 13 is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges 4 of the U profile 2, and they are joined by means of welding seam 12 along this part, and both T steel elements 13 are fixed to the base plated 3 of the U profiles 2 by means of welding seam 12 along the cut edges 18 of their flanges 14.
When the lattice girder 1 is assembled according to the above procedure, both of its ends are provided with termination 21, so that the flat steel used for the termination 21 is perpendicular to both U profiles 2. Finally, thermal insulating strip 25 is placed on the external surface of the base plate 3 of both U profiles 2 of the lattice girder 1 that has been assembled according to the above procedure. The same procedure described above is used in case of forming the T steel element 13 introduced in Fig, 3, which T steel elements 13 are formed with cut edge 19 at one end and with cut edge 18 at the other end.
In case of a possible application of the wall structure free from thermal bridge formed from the lattice girder 1 according to the invention, the lower U profiles 20 are placed first on the foundation, where they are fixed in a known manner. This is when the external main walls and the internal separating walls of the building are formed according to the design.
The used lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profiles 30 are cut to proper size already in the workshop, with bevel cut in the given case for the perpendicular wall connections, so that only the fitting and fixing needs to be made on site. In the given case the base plates 23 of lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profiles 30 are provided with holes and welded bolts in them in advance at locations where the lattice girders 1 are to be fixed, so that the wall structure could be assembled with the simplest bolting method in an easy manner on site.
Then the lattice girders 1 are placed on the base plate 23 of the lower U profile 20 between the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 in perpendicular direction through the terminations 21, and the lattice girders 1 are fixed at their lower points by means of bolting 22. The upper U profiles 30 are placed on the ends of lattice girders 1 , then are interconnected by means of bolting 22.
Then the angles steels 26 are attached at the perpendicular corners or at the perpendicular connections of the T node walls. These angle steels 26 are fixed in a known manner by means of bolting to the internal surfaces of the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profile 30. It is necessary to make cuts 27 in the flanges 24 of the lower U profiles 20 and the upper U profile 30, so that the angles steels 26 could be installed on the internal surfaces of flanges 24 at the T node wall connections.
The installed angle steels 26 make sure that the cover elements 29 can be properly fixed on the external and internal surfaces of the walls. As has been introduced already in Fig. 5, it is not absolutely necessary to allocate lattice girders 1 at the corners for the purpose of fixing the cover elements 29.
By installing the angle steels 26 it is made sure that the cover elements 29 can be fixed with appropriate safety on the external surfaces of the corner pieces. As the angle steels are fixed in an appropriate manner to the lower U profile 20 and to the upper U profile 30, therefore, the cover elements 29 attached to them also ensure sufficient stability.
After bolting the walls together, the cover elements 29 are attached to the external and internals surfaces of the base plates 3 of the U profiles 2 in the lattice girders 1 in a known manner, for instance by means of bolting. Then the internals voids of the walls are filled with thermal insulating material 32 on site. This is when the thermal bridge interrupter insulation 41 is applied on the surfaces of flanges 24 of the lower U profile and the upper U profile 30.
Then the inside of the walls is provided with cover in a known manner, for instance with plasterboard, while the external side of the walls is provided with thermal insulation 31.
The floor slab is placed on the wall structure assembled according to the above procedure, for the purpose of which I beams 34 are laid on the upper U profiles 30. The construction panels 38 are inserted from above on the upper surface of the flanges and between I beams 34, while pads 42 are fixed next to the flanges of I beams 34 for the purpose of ensuring a consistent planar surface. Then the vapour barrier sheet 40 is attached to the pads 42, and then the pads 35 are fixed to the pads 42 in crosswise direction, on which the cover plate of the internal space, preferable plasterboard, is applied.
Finally, the voids between the I beams 34 is filled with thermal insulating material 32. The floor slab constructed this way could be the closing floor slab on the top, which can be provided with additional thermal insulating layer, and on which the closing layer could be placed in a known manner. At the same time, new levels can be mounted on this floor slab.
The advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the lattice girders created in this way have a higher stability and load carrying capacity as compared to the presently used lattice girders, and this allows the use of angle steels and T profiles with less cross section. Furthermore, they are suitable to create wall structure without thermal bridge.
Their additional advantage is that they can be assembled quickly and easily. With their use, the buildings can be assembled quickly and accurately in a way, that only the partial units are to be assembled on site.
List of references:
1 - lattice girder
2 - U profile
3 - base plate
4 - flange
5 - angle steel
6 - flange
7 - edge
8 - cut edge
9 - vertex
10 - cut edge
11 - vertex
12 - welding seam
13 - T steel
14 - flange
15 - cross element
16 - cut edge
17 - vertex
18 - cut angle
19 - cut edge
20 - lower U profile
21 - termination
22 - bolting
23 - base plate
24 - flange
25 - thermal insulation strip
26 - angle steel
27 - cut
28 - bolting
29 - covering element
30 - upper U profile
31 - thermal insulation
32 - thermal insulation material
33 - plasterboard
34 - 1 beam
35 - pad
36 - covering element
37 - thermal insulation strip
38 - construction panel
39 - cover layer
40 - vapour barrier sheet
41 - thermal bridge interrupter insulation
42 - pad
a - angle

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. Lattice girder shaped with U profile braced with angle steel elements consisting of parallel U profiles oriented opposite to each other and elements connecting the two U profiles, characterized by that, the edges (7) of the angle steel elements (5) are fixed at an angle a to the base plate (3) of the U profiles (2) at determined cross section of one of the U profile (2) of the lattice girder (1), so that the angle steel elements (5) are fixed in pairs with their cut surfaces (8) to the base plate (3) of the U profile (2) while their vertices (9) are fitted together, and at the same time, these sections of the flanges (6) of the angle steel elements (5) are fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges (4) of the U profile (2), and are joined along these section by means of welding seams (12), while the same angle steel elements (5) are fitted to the base plate (3) of the other U profile (2) of the lattice girder (1) along their other cut edges (10), so that on the same surface the next angle steel element (5) is fitted along its cut edge (10) ensuring that the vertices (11) of the two angle steel elements (5) join, and this section of flanges (6) of the angle steel elements (5) is fitted in a shape closing manner to the flanges (4) of the U profile (2), and they are joined along this section by means of welding seam (12), and the angle steel elements (5) are fixed the same way along the entire length of the U profile (2), and terminating element (21) is attached to the end of U profiles (2), and external surface of the base plate (3) of both U profiles (2) is provided with thermal insulating strip (25).
2. Lattice girder shaped with U profile braced with T steel elements consisting of parallel U profiles oriented opposite to each other and elements connecting the two U profiles, characterized by that, two T steel elements (13) are placed along their cut edges (16) on the internal surface of the base plate (3) of the U profile (2) at determined cross section of one of the U profiles (2) of the lattice girder (1), so that the plane of the cross members (15) of the T steel elements (13) has an angle a relative to the base plate (3) of the U profile (2), and their vertices (17) formed by its flanges (14) with the cut edges (16) just join, and the T steel elements (13) are joined to the U profile (2) by means of welding seam (2) at the base plate (3) of the U profile (2) along the edges (16) of its flanges (14), and are joined by means of welding seam (12) to the internal surfaces (4) of the U profile (2) along the periferal edges of its cross members (15), while the other edges (18) of the T steel elements (13) are joined to the other U profile (2) of the lattice girder (1), so that these cut edges (18) seat on the internal surface of the base plate (3) of the other U profile (2), and the cross members (15) meet the cut edges (18) of the similarly shaped cross members (15) of the next T steel elements (13) along their cut edges (18), and the T steel elements (13) are joined by means of welding seam (12) along the cut edges (18) of their flanges (14) to the base plate (3) of the U profile (2), and are joined by means of welding seams (12) along the periferal edges of its cross members (15) to the internal surfaces of the flanges (4) of the U profile (2), and fixing of T steel elements (13) on the U profiles (2) is made the same way all along the length, and termination (21) is attached to the ends of U profiles (2), and thermal insulation strip (25) is placed on the external surface of the base plate (3) of both U profiles (2) of the lattice girder (1).
3. Lattice girder according to claim 2 characterised by that, one of the ends of T steel elements (13) in this case are formed with cut edges (18), while their other ends are formed with different cut edges (19).
4. Lattice girder according to any of the claims 1 -3 characterised by that, the angle steel elements (5) and T steel elements (13) fixed in the lattice girder (1) are aligned at and angle a = 30°-60°, preferably 45°.
5. Wall structure having no thermal bridge formed from lattice girder according to any of the claims 1 - 4, which includes covering elements fixed to the lattice girders, and thermal insulator material is filled in this space, characterised by that, lower U profiles
(20) are fixed on the previously prepared foundation along the lines of the external main walls and internal separating walls of the building, and the lattice girders (1) are placed on the base plate (23) of the lower U profiles (20) between the flanges (24) of the lower U profiles (20) in perpendicular direction, which are fixed through their terminations
(21) by means of bolting (22), and to the other end of the lattice girders (1) the upper U profile (30) are fixed by means of bolting, and at the perpendicular corners, or at the perpendicular joints of the node wall T the angle steels (26) are fixed, so that the bolting is used in a known manner to fix the angle steels (26) to the internal surfaces of the flanges (24) of lower U profile (20) and the upper U profile (30), and at the joints of the T node walls the angle steels (26) can be installed if cuts (27) are made in the flanges (24) of the lower U profile (20) and in the upper U profile (30), and in case of the wall structure created in this way, the cover elements (29) are attached to the external and internal surfaces of the based plates (3) of U profiles (2) of the lattice girders (1), the internal void of the wall are filled on site with thermal insulating materials (32).
6. Wall structure according to claim 5, characterised by that, plasterboards (33) are placed on the cover elements (2) on the internal surfaces of the building.
7. Wall structure according to claim 6, characterised by that, former insulation (31) is placed on the cover elements (2) on the external surfaces of the building.
PCT/HU2016/000029 2015-11-09 2016-05-06 Lattice girder shaped with u profile braced with t steel elements or angle steel elements, and wall structure without thermal bridge created with this lattice girder WO2017081498A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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HU1500524A HU230867B1 (en) 2015-11-09 2015-11-09 Truss structure made of steel u-profiles or braced with steel t-profiles and wall structure with reduced thermal bridge made of said truss-grid
HUP1500524 2015-11-09

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CN111395754A (en) * 2020-04-09 2020-07-10 晏幸福 Method for implementing formwork supporting system

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GB2034792A (en) * 1978-11-07 1980-06-11 Lysaght Australia Ltd Structural elements
US4637187A (en) * 1985-08-02 1987-01-20 Campbell Henry F Prefabricated building panels
RU2056488C1 (en) * 1993-02-04 1996-03-20 Хисамов Рафаиль Ибрагимович Truss
RU2272110C2 (en) * 2000-06-27 2006-03-20 Нси Билдинг Системс,Л.П. Beam, beam structure and building comprising above beam and beam structure
RU133158U1 (en) * 2013-02-18 2013-10-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" КГАСУ FARM

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2034792A (en) * 1978-11-07 1980-06-11 Lysaght Australia Ltd Structural elements
US4637187A (en) * 1985-08-02 1987-01-20 Campbell Henry F Prefabricated building panels
RU2056488C1 (en) * 1993-02-04 1996-03-20 Хисамов Рафаиль Ибрагимович Truss
RU2272110C2 (en) * 2000-06-27 2006-03-20 Нси Билдинг Системс,Л.П. Beam, beam structure and building comprising above beam and beam structure
RU133158U1 (en) * 2013-02-18 2013-10-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" КГАСУ FARM

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111395754A (en) * 2020-04-09 2020-07-10 晏幸福 Method for implementing formwork supporting system
CN111395754B (en) * 2020-04-09 2021-12-03 晏幸福 Method for implementing formwork supporting system

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