RU2462563C2 - Ceiling element - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: element is made in the form of a block to form floor surface and/or ceiling surface. The element is made as capable of resting against bearing beams spaced from each other and included into the composition of the bearing structure or the frame structure. The frame is made of metal and with its dedicated metal parts of the frame is arranged as capable of embracing the slab. The slab is made of concrete material. Opposite metal parts of the frame, isolated into the metal frame, are made as capable of forming a fixed support for a row of metal shapes. The concrete slab is made as capable of fixation with pressure and/or a fixing device. Between two parts of the frame there are shapes to form element sections between them. A fireproof concrete section is arranged between aligned adjacent soundproof and heat insulation mats.

EFFECT: lower height and weight, provision of stiffness, sound insulation, fire protection.

12 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The present invention, in General, relates to an element of overlap and more specifically to an element of overlap produced, inter alia, from concrete or similar material, and having a surface of great length, about 6.0 · 15-20 m, but also 10-15 m .

The floor elements proposed here are used as single blocks to facilitate the creation of a (horizontal) floor surface, such as in a modular building structure.

More specifically, the said overlap element is made and selected in size so as to be adapted to support at the ends or edges on spaced apart beams included in the structure of the building frame of the building and / or buildings, normally oriented parallel and constructed as metal beams , for example, from steel.

The present invention relates to the creation of a specific application method regarding the installation of these floor elements between horizontally directed load-bearing beams with a selected span, for example 6.0 m, included in the structure of a steel frame formed in the form of a module, each of these modules can be linked and / or interconnected with other adjacent corresponding modules to thereby obtain the possibility of building a larger building or building structure, designed of the many data modules.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a finished prefabricated floor element comprising an upper floor slab with a concrete structure or work surface and preferably with an adjacent soundproofing and / or thermal insulation layer adjoining from below, for example an insulating mat.

Methods, devices, and structures of floor elements related to the above-described technical field and displaying a function and nature that satisfy the established requirements are known in the prior art in many different embodiments.

Thus, various designs and structures that facilitate the rational manufacture of floor elements of the nature described above are known in the prior art.

In this case, various designs and designs of the elements are known in the art and are intended to ensure that the floor surface is capable of carrying calculated point or concentrated loads and / or distributed loads and to ensure that each such floor element is sized in accordance with established requirements.

Various steel frame structures are also known in the art in the form of “modules” to which these individual floor elements are directly adapted.

As one example of the state of the art and the technical field to which the present invention relates, practical use in a modular design, disclosed and described in more detail in PCT / EP99 / 05882 with publication number WO-A-00/09827, should be mentioned.

This sample and structure, adapted to the modular structure, consist of a module of a steel supporting frame, shown in the attached Figs. 1-3 and are briefly described in more detail later in this document.

As for the overlapping elements of the corresponding type proposed here and the technical field, it is known in the prior art to provide overlapping elements in the form of a load-bearing slab made of concrete material and a layer in which load-bearing capacity or resistance, with respect to point or concentrated loads and / or distributed loads, an individual floor element can be reinforced with upper and lower metal reinforcement embedded in a concrete slab.

In this case, the individual floor element must receive weight and / or rigidity for work under load, depending not only on the thickness of the concrete slab, but also on the orientation, size and weight of the reinforcement metal embedded in the slab during concreting.

The overlap element of the type and size proposed here requires the main costs of working for its manufacture and, accordingly, calculating the selection of the thickness and length of the metal reinforcement, such as steel rods and calculating the orientation of these reinforcing rods.

It is also well known in the art that the weight inherent in such a floor element made of concrete with embedded reinforcing rods and with a size selected for large spans of the order of 6 m requires thicker concrete slabs and additional or more thick reinforcing rods for withstanding the calculated load forces and dead weight on the floor surface.

Also part of the prior art is the content of PCT / EPOl / 14865 with publication WO-A1-03 / 052212.

Taking into account the properties associated with the present invention, particular attention should be paid to the fact that the moment of inertia "J" of the beam, of rectangular cross section with a height (dimension "h") significantly exceeding the width (dimension "b"), follows from equation J ₁ = (m · h ² ) / 12 for the central axis, while the moment of inertia can be increased according to the displacement law J = (J _T + ma ² ). The present invention aims to use such an increase in the moment of inertia according to the law of displacement for the surrounding metal frame with the metal parts of the frame attached to it.

The object of the present invention is to use such an increase in the moment of inertia according to the law of displacement as applied to the surrounding metal frame with the metal parts of the frame, providing a fixed connection between the concrete slab and the upper section of the surrounding metal frame and the upper section or the total length of the metal parts of the frame and carrying a soundproof and heat-insulating mat.

The following applications and publications are well known in the art: EP-A1-1443156, WO-A1-0009827 and US-A-3363371.

So, in EP-Al-I443156, shown in FIG. 1 design, generally indicated by the position (1), formed by two elongated, parallel passing bearing elements (2, 3), made in the present case from a cold-formed steel plate.

These load-bearing elements have essentially a channel structure (in the form of the letter C).

At their ends, both elongated load-bearing elements are connected to short parts from a tubular profile (4).

Along the long sides of the structure, the tubular profiles (4) are connected to each other by profiles (5, 6), which in the present case are made of a material similar to the profile material of the said elongated supporting elements (2, 3).

The elongated supporting elements (2, 3) are mutually connected by the main profiles (7).

The main profiles (7) have a channel section (in the form of the letter C). At the same time, they can also be made of rectangular pipes.

Openings (8) are arranged in the mentioned main profiles (7).

The latter are connected to elongated supporting elements (2, 3) by curved parts and bolted joints, but can also be connected by welded joints.

Through these holes pass auxiliary profiles (9). These profiles are located free in the corresponding holes.

They create a significant increase in the strength of the structure in question.

In FIG. 2 shows in more detail the hole (8) through which the auxiliary profile (9) passes. Here you can see that the height of the profile (9) is slightly less than the height of the hole (8) so that the auxiliary profiles (9) can be easily pushed into the holes (8) at a later stage.

In FIG. 2 it is further shown that the profile (9), moreover, is limited in its movement through the vertical element or the corresponding edges (10) of the channel (profile in the form of the letter C).

In FIG. 1 shows that the transverse supporting elements (5, 6) are similarly provided with holes (8).

When such a structure is assembled on a construction site, at least one of the transverse load-bearing elements (6, 5) is required to accommodate the auxiliary profiles.

Publication WO-A 1-00 / 09827 relates to a whole family of buildings sold according to the method for creating modular metal structures.

This method combines the frame (6) of the ceiling, the frame (1) of the floor, the profile elements (2) in the form of the letter Z, connected by welding to the floor frame and used as racks, as well as the panel (3) and numerous supports (4) containing welded steel racks, in turn, connected to the frame (1) of the floor and the frame (6) of the ceiling, using a brace (7) and studs (5).

US-A-3363371 discloses a module adapted for use in walling by assembling several such modules associated with it installed side by side in sufficient quantity to obtain a wall of a given length.

The wall module contains a pair of vertical structural elements (11) and a pair of horizontal structural elements (10) connected together by assembly legs (13), made with the possibility of passing through the corresponding holes in another element, which are then bent with a manual or mechanical hammer or other suitable tool to create a strong hard connection between them.

Structural elements (10 and 11) in cross section are preferably channels.

Said module comprises a frame formed by elements (10 and 11) assembled by means of assembly legs or strips (13) created at the ends of elements (10) passing through holes (14) in the end walls, while aligning the ends of the elements (11).

Also, the elements (11) are provided with additional holes or grooves (22) passing through the side shelves or side walls of the elements (11), these grooves (22) are used to accommodate the corresponding protrusions (23) of the side shelves of the horizontal elements (10), the ends of which are cut to create the assembly legs (13) at the bottom of the above trimming.

The above type of connection should create a completely rigid frame structure, which should be freely supporting and should work as a loaded element in the construction of a prefabricated building.

Taking into account the fact that a specialist in the given field of technology must fulfill the technical conditions in order to be able to propose a solution to one or a set of several technical problems, on the one hand, it is necessary to consider measures and / or a sequence of measures, on the other hand, the need the required means, in the face of the following technical problems, presumably essential in the evolution of the subject of the present invention.

Taking into account the prior art, as described above, it can be seen that the technical problem for which it is necessary to understand the importance of its solution, the advantages associated with its solution, and / or the technical measures or calculations that are required to solve it, is the manufacture and creation in a rational way relative to the "light" floor elements with dimensions, length, width and thickness of the surrounding metal frame made of steel with metal parts of the frame, selected in size and made with a section, bespechivaet predetermined mechanical strength.

The technical problem consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to eliminate unnecessary overloading of the own weight of the flooring element by concrete reinforcing rods embedded in the movable freshly prepared concrete mixture in the surrounding metal frame, which causes the vibration of the freshly prepared concrete mixture, supported by soundproof and / or heat insulating mat.

The technical problem also lies in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or implement the required technical measures and calculations to facilitate the installation of a soundproofing and / or heat-insulating layer, such as an insulating mat, in the metal supporting frame and between the metal parts of the frame according to the present invention, and only to condition the filling of the space above the insulating mat to the zone of the upper edge of the frame parts with a freshly prepared mass of concrete material.

The technical problem also lies in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or implement the required technical measures and calculations to facilitate the creation of a floor structure and / or floor element, such as an overlap element with a transverse span of 6.0 m or so, preferably slightly shorter 6 , 0 m, and a length of, for example, 10-15 m or more of this, the prerequisites for the following:

a) the ability to offer a low construction height for the surrounding metal frame made of steel and individual parts of the frame;

b) the ability to offer low natural or dead weight of the floor element, nonetheless capable of meeting the required parameters of mechanical strength;

c) the ability to offer an overlapping element of relatively low weight for used steel in the metal frame and individual parts of the frame and when using a combination of parallel, correctly sized thin metal profiles made with the possibility of passing between the opposite sections of the frame part and, as an edge support, support the clutch concrete slab and its sections, and with cutouts or holes created for each metal profile, so as a result to be able to to distribute the freshly prepared poured mass of concrete between the selected adjacent sections in the overlap element separated by the said metal profiles;

d) the ability to offer an overlap element that is relatively rigid in construction due to the presence of a metal frame with associated parts of the frame, its metal profiles and selected and completed distances between these metal profiles, and a monolithic concrete slab fixedly connected to the parts of the frame;

e) the ability to offer superior technical qualities;

f) adaptability to the ability to suppress the passage of sound and / or heat, to ensure the propagation of the damped sound of steps to offer a balanced, slightly plastic, sense of sex;

g) adaptability to the possibility of creating specified conditions for fire protection;

h) offering a simple and economical design for these floor elements; and / or

i) suggesting the possible ability to create different forms of each selected sample and the design of an individual floor element.

The technical problem also lies in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to provide a specially made means of the ability to work together with a concrete slab without rotation and bending of the used metal frame with parts of the metal frame along their upper edges, and Perform stiffeners on the edges that are applicable to the floor element and extend below the concrete slab to form a space for the selected thermal insulation Wow and / or soundproofing mat.

The technical problem also lies in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to facilitate the creation of the floor element with such external dimensions as to form a completely flat floor surface, and where the floor element is made to be supported with the installation orientation on the edge and supporting spaced structural beams included in the structure of the frame.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations for supporting in one working operation a slab made of concrete material on a sound insulation layer and / or heat insulation layer surrounded by a hard bending work (with high moment of inertia) a metal frame with its associated metal parts of the frame to make them relatively light element of the floor.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations for the implementation of the adaptation of the frame made of metal with its associated metal parts of the frame to surround the slab made of set concrete material with a soundproofing layer and / or heat insulation a layer or mat and the implementation of reinforcing and increasing the moment of inertia of the floor element offered by the said frame made of metal, of its metal parts of the frame.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to facilitate the adaptation and sizing of the aforementioned frame made of metal with elongated parts of the metal frame, in order to withstand vertically directed bending forces and reaction of supports, acting on the longitudinal direction of the frame and, in particular, opposite parts of the frame.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations for the fixed connection of the frame, such as selected metal parts of the frame or sections with or without specific means or measures, for example, for a fixed connection for rigid bending work, along the edge of the slab formed by the set concrete material.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to perform a given thickness or height of 0.1 m or so on this slab formed by grasping concrete material, in particular for the dimensions set for the floor element in any case of 6.0 m or so, and supported by reinforcing metal profiles distributed in a parallel orientation.

The technical problem also lies in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or implement the required technical measures and calculations to make the metal frame with its corresponding metal frame parts or sections, and in particular metal profiles, rigidly connected with the metal parts of the frame or sections, uneven section profile.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to facilitate the creation of “appropriate” metal profiles, which, with their increase in strength, can pass between adjacent narrow sections through the concrete layer highlighted in the floor element.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to give the aforementioned load-bearing beam (load-bearing beams) made of steel and / or metal frames, with their metal parts of the frame, of an angular sectional shape, such as a corner (profile in the shape of the letter "L") or channel (profile in the shape of the letter "U").

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations for the transverse directional orientation allocated for the floor element, in any case, to select a span of more than 4.0 m, for example, normally less than 8.0 m, and where 6.0 m can be considered the standard size.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or implement the required technical measures and calculations to offer a longitudinally oriented orientation, highlighted for the floor element, which can be selected with a span of more than 20 m, preferably with a standard size of about 10-15 m.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations in order to be able to select the size of the completed floor element by means of the thickness of the concrete slab, the thickness of the insulating layer or mat, as well as the moment of inertia and mechanical strength of the metal a frame made of steel and its metal parts, in particular bending resistance "W", to eliminate the need to insert reinforcement in the form eleznyh or steel reinforcing bars in the concrete mixture movable plate material and thereby greatly simplify the production of one or more types of floor elements, considered here.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or implement the required technical measures and calculations to facilitate the introduction into the aforementioned freshly prepared and liquid-containing concrete material of a reinforcing material, which is short fibers mixed with concrete, such as steel, plastic fibers, carbon fibers or other reinforcing materials to increase mechanical strength.

The technical problem also lies in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations for installation as a means of reinforcing for specific tasks of one or several, most often several, reinforcing bars or the like in the element proposed here.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations for the longitudinal directional orientation of the floor element between the supporting end sections, adapted to a horizontal distance approximately equal to the distance between the fixedly mounted supporting beams included in the frame structure in the modular design of the steel supporting frame, where this module is normally connected to the second module, such as, for example, one or more relevant modules.

The technical problem also consists in the ability to understand the importance and advantages and / or the implementation of the required technical measures and calculations to represent the lower supporting structure of the frame for freely mounted in place of the overlap element of the upper frame structure, supporting or holding the roof element and a number of supporting elements or supporting columns, passing between the frame structures.

In this case, the present invention takes as its starting point the prior art or derives from it, as disclosed in the introduction with respect to the manufacture with efficient production of the floor element, which can form a completely free-standing horizontal floor surface, and more specifically, expanding or opposite end zones and / or metal parts of the frame of the said overlap element must be adapted to be supported on carrier beams spaced apart from one another, included in the modular design of the frame.

More specifically, the invention is based on the feature that a frame made of metal, with associated metal parts of the frame or sections, is to be adapted to surround a slab made of aged or set freshly prepared concrete material and ideally surrounded and supported by a soundproof layer and / or heat-insulating layer or mat, and that the said metal frame and its metal parts must be thin and high with the possibility of stationary interacting ones related metal profiles.

In the proposed embodiments of the invention, falling within the scope of the basic concept of the present invention, it is further disclosed that said metal frame with its metal parts of the frame must be adapted to be fixedly connected to a slab made of solid concrete, with intermediate or discrete fixing means.

It is further disclosed that said slab made of cured or set concrete material is to be given a thickness of 0.1 m or so, preferably in a floor element with dimensions of 6.0 · 15.0 m with normal dimensions for floor surfaces with normal loading .

It also falls within the scope of the present invention that said metal frame, one or more of its metal parts and / or metal profiles should be given an uneven, such as corrugated, section of the profile.

The present invention further discloses that said support beams and / or metal parts of the frame associated with the structure should have a corner profile (in the shape of the letter “L”) or a channel profile (in the shape of the letter “U”), or designed as an alternative, a corner ( in the form of the letter "L") or channel (in the form of the letter "U") profile.

In particular, the present invention proposes the production of an overlap element, wherein a transversely oriented orientation or width can be selected in any case of more than 4.0 m, for example less than 8.0 m, preferably standardized, of 6.0 m, and so that the overlap in a longitudinal direction, a component of more than 15 m, preferably a standardized length of 10-20 m, could be selected.

In fact, it also falls within the scope of the present invention that the floor element with its slab made of solid concrete material should ensure that there is no separate reinforcing means inserted in the concrete slab except for the embedded and dividing metal profiles into sections, or alternatively, perform the slab made of set concrete material with a mixture of internal reinforcement, such as steel reinforcing fiber or other suitable filling materials terials.

In fact, it also falls within the scope of the present invention that, in the case of specific severe operating conditions under load, the implementation as a means of reinforcing the execution of one or more metal reinforcing bars or similar load-bearing or supporting elements, except for the aforementioned metal frame and metal profiles, motionless attached to it.

The overlap elements according to the present invention can thus offer laterally and / or longitudinally oriented orientations between their expanded or opposite end zones, directly adapted for the free horizontal distance between the expanded and opposing load-bearing beams included in the frame structure for adapted for modules steel frame structures, where the module can preferably be associated with one or more other modules, for example measures identical modules.

It is further disclosed that one such module is capable of being a lower load-bearing frame structure for freely overlapping floor elements, an upper load-bearing frame structure for a roof, and a number of supporting elements or load-bearing columns passing between the frame structures.

These advantages, which in principle can be considered the differences of the present invention, and the specific significant distinguishing features disclosed in it, are that preconditions are created in order to be able to produce one or more floor elements in a rational way, where each of these floor elements must have the possibility of forming a perfectly flat and horizontal floor surface, selected in size for some loading.

The overlap element is designed as a frame using a thin metal (steel) material, where the metal parts of the frame created for this frame are made to surround a slab made of a cured or set mass of concrete material, ideally together with a soundproof layer and / or heat insulation layer or obscenities.

Mentioned metal frame and / or metal parts of the frame are made thin and vertically elongated (height), but nevertheless adapted and sized for the ability to withstand bending forces acting on the longitudinal direction of the frame and for vertically directed forces, and have a high moment of inertia.

Thus, preconditions have been created for the floor element according to the present invention, which must be able to withstand stresses from loads on a concrete slab and a frame made of metal and its metal parts and at the same time, in a sequential process, promote the use of a soundproof layer and / or heat insulation layer or mat on the bottom of the floor element.

The overlap element also represents a series of metal profiles that serve as plate reinforcement, while the metal profiles are fixedly connected to opposite metal parts of the frame and the sections lying between them are made in a freshly prepared liquid mass of concrete material passing through structural cutouts in metal profiles.

The frame with its metal parts and / or metal profiles forms, by means of pressure and / or anchor devices, it is rigid when working in bending or rigid connection with the selected metal parts of the frame and metal profiles.

What can be considered fundamentally distinguished by an overlapping element according to the present invention is disclosed in independent claim 1 of the attached claims.

The prior art and a number of currently proposed embodiments of the invention showing significant distinguishing features associated with the present invention relating to the floor element should be described in more detail below for examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show the following.

In FIG. Figure 1 schematically shows a complex of a building constructed from a number of "standardized" modules and modular blocks, where each one of the modules is a lower frame structure for a floor element that is freely mounted in place and rests on parallel load-bearing beams, an upper load-bearing frame structure for a roof and a number of load-bearing elements or supporting columns passing between the frame structures.

In FIG. 2 schematically shows the angular portion of one such module, schematically shown in FIG. 1, with the upper and lower frame structures, with one (of four) of the indicated beams.

In FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the structure of the steel frame of the prior art shown in FIG. 1, in publication WO-A1-00 / 09827, disclosed in the preface.

In FIG. 4 is an isometric view of one end portion of a floor element constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention and with a simple frame made of metal, with connected metal parts of the frame and mass material of the slab liquid concrete cast in the metal parts of the frame on a soundproofing and / or heat-insulating mat, and , in a slightly enlarged view, one example of selected thicknesses of a monolithic concrete slab and the used insulating support mat of said concrete slab;

In FIG. 5 shows a floor element freely mounted in place, supported by a frame structure with its supporting beams, and where this floor element shows a series of metal profiles parallel oriented for dividing the floor element into successive sections.

In FIG. 6 section according to FIG. 5 shows a floor element constructed according to the present invention to form a horizontal floor surface.

In FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a profile of a portion of a metal frame forming one side of a metal frame connecting to or relating to an overlapping member.

In FIG. 8 is a view of a disassembled metal frame with only three metal parts of the frame and a series of metal profiles (four) parallel oriented and shown at a distance above the metal parts of the frame.

Fig. 9 shows various metal profiles of positions “A” to “D” and selected sections, and where the fireproof concrete section can be oriented to form adjacent sections of the concrete slab and form an insulating mat connected to the lower section of the wall (not shown).

In FIG. 1-3, the basic prerequisites related to the present invention are shown in more detail, further details of this design can be found in WO 00/09827.

So in FIG. 1 to 3 show schematically and in detail the construction 1 of a building constructed from a series of identical or unequal modules 3, and where the floor element 4 disclosed according to the present invention is shown in more detail in FIG. 4-9 forming a horizontal floor surface (and ceiling surface) in each module.

So in FIG. 1 shows a building casing or a building structure 1 with a number of modules 3 transversely oriented and adjacent to each other mounted on top of each other, each of which is made in the form of a structure with a steel supporting frame.

It is believed that all modules 3 in the building structure 1 are identically identical, for this reason the following description should cover only the mentioned module 3 and the supporting structure shown at 2 (but also the adjacent adjacent module 2 ').

The basic structure of the module and the supporting structure 2, 2 ′ are shown schematically in FIG. 2, wherein said module is a lower frame structure 2 ′ for supporting the floor element (4), an upper frame structure 2, a roof or ceiling supporting structure and a floor supporting element 4, and a series of supporting elements or structures 14 in the form of first vertical supporting struts or supporting columns passing between the supporting structures 2 and 2 ', indicated by 14a or 2c.

In FIG. 2 also shows a series of second horizontal support beams 14b, 14b '.

In FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the relationship between the lower supporting structure 2 ', intended to support the not shown element (4) overlapping and bearing the upper or adjacent supporting structure 2.

The lower frame or the supporting structure 2 ′ thus carries a roof for the lower supporting structure 2 installed below, and the frame structure 2, 2 ′ are interconnected by the pins 10, 10a.

For a more detailed description of the technology and design shown in FIG. 3, reference is made to the above-disclosed publication WO-Al-00/09827, specifically to page 4 and the following pages.

The contents of the publication can be considered the corresponding and closest technology of the prior art and the present invention must be considered as a direct development of the ideas presented in this publication.

As a preface, particular emphasis should be placed on the fact that in the following description of the presently proposed embodiment of the invention, displaying significant distinguishing features associated with the present invention and explained using FIG. 4-9 of the accompanying drawings, selected terms and specific terminology, intended in this case for a fundamental explanation of the concept of the invention.

At the same time, in this context it should be considered that the expressions chosen here should not be interpreted as limiting the terms exclusively chosen here, but it should be understood that each such chosen term should be interpreted in such a way as to additionally cover all technical equivalents that function similarly or essentially similarly, in this case, to be able to give a similar or essentially similar purpose and / or technical effect.

The present invention, specifically aimed at creating a structure of a single freely supported floor or ceiling element 4, partially shown in an isometric image in FIG. 4, where such an element 4, ideally with many identical to the first and second, etc. sections 4b, 4c, etc. overlapping, must be able to communicate and connect with each other for the formation of the overlying horizontal and flat floor surface 4a.

The joint between the shown sections 4b and 4c (4 'and 4 ”) is formed by a metal profile 8', reinforcing element 4, partially or completely filled when laying monolithic concrete slab 6.

The overlap element 4 and its sections 4b, 4c are made with expanding end zones 4d, 4e; 4f, 4g to be supported against the supporting structure 14 and the mutually spaced supporting beams 14b, (2a ', 2a, 2b'), 14b '.

The overlap element 4 according to the present invention is based on the use of an external frame structure 5 made of first to fourth parts of a metal or steel frame, shown here as beams 5a, 5b, 5c, as well as a hidden part (5d) of the metal frame in FIG. 4, also shown in FIG. 5 as the fourth part 5d of the metal frame.

The metal parts 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d of the carcass are designed so as to densely and pressurize surround the mass of material 6 ′ made of set concrete material 6, and must form the formwork when the viscous mass 6 ′ of freshly prepared concrete mix is laid between the parts of the metal carcass and sections 4 ', 4 ”, etc., ideally followed by vibration.

Parts 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d of the frame are given a corner configuration (letter “L”) in FIG. 4 and the configuration of the channel (letter “U”) in FIG. 7 in cross section and they are connected to each other to give rigidity to bending at the corners and give them additional rigidity using parallel metal profiles, only three of which are indicated by the positions 8, 8 'and 8 ”.

These metal profiles 8, 8 'and 8 ”and additional metal profiles are shown with inclined plates and / or holes extending along the entire length, or other similar cutouts 8d, such that sections 4b, 4c (4', 4”) and other sections in the aforementioned structure 5, the carcass could be filled with a mass of material 6 'of freshly prepared concrete mixture at one time (see also the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 9, the positions indicated by “A” - “D”).

The metal profiles 8, 8 ', 8 ”have an upper zone 8a and an intermediate zone 8b with an corner section 8e in the set concrete slab 6 and a lower zone 8c, which may not directly serve as fixing means for the insulating mat 7 and / or for the formation of a downward-facing reinforcement 6a concrete.

It should be noted in FIG. 4 that the overall height “h” of the frame parts 5a, 5b, 5c (and 5d) can be made greater than the height or thickness “h1” of the concrete slab 6 so as to be able to form a bending structure 5a, 5b, 5c that is resistant to bending (and 5d) of the frame, with a high moment of inertia, especially in the open direction "P".

In FIG. 4 further shows that said steel frame 5 with its metal parts 5a to 5d of the frame is also made with a height that makes it possible to surround the soundproofing and / or heat-insulating layer, mat or slab 7, which is fundamentally considered capable of supporting the slab 6 'of movable concrete, in the process of its production (laying) and casting.

In the embodiment of the invention shown here, a mat 7 of thickness “h2” is proposed, made for sound insulation and thermal insulation and, moreover, of fire-resistant material.

Naturally, it is within the scope of the present invention to perform a full vertical dimension or height "h" greater than the dimension ("h1" + "h2") so that the lower edges 5a ', 5b' and 5c 'of the metal parts of the frame are open. Similarly, it is within the scope of the present invention to perform a full vertical dimension or a height “h” smaller than the dimensions (“h1” + “h2”).

According to the basic prerequisites of the present invention, it is possible to select the height / thickness dimensions of the frame parts 5a, 5c, 5b and 5d, respectively, and their configuration for linking with the selected and necessary moment of inertia “J”. The parts of the metal frame can be selected with the same or not identical moments of inertia "J", when you can rely on their support on the first carrier beams 14b and on the opposing second carrier beams 14b '(Fig. 5).

Additionally, the present invention discloses that said metal frame 5 and the individual parts 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d of the metal frame must be thin and sized to withstand or bear the vertical bending forces "P" acting on the longitudinal direction of the parts 5a - 5d frame, especially in relation to parts 5a, 5c of the frame, which can be selected in size with a higher moment of inertia in the Central areas compared with the end sections or the extended end zones.

Therefore, it is within the scope of the present invention to select frame parts 5a and 5c in terms of size, height / thickness, different from frame parts 5b and 5d, or, alternatively, frame parts 5a and 5c can be selected in size and configuration different from those shown FIG. 5.

According to the present invention, it is disclosed that said steel frame 5 and its metal parts with a corner section (of the shape of the letter “L”) in FIG. 4 or channel (the shape of the letter “U”) in FIG. 7 must be designed for fixed connection with uncured material 6 ', forming a continuous set of mass 6, so that the concrete slab 6 can interact with parts of the frame using pressure and / or by means of fixing means, such as the discrete fixing means shown in FIG. 7.

This can therefore be done both by giving parts 5a and 5c of the frame an uneven configuration such as a corner, and, alternatively, adding specific discrete anchor means 5f, 5f 'and 5f ”to parts 5a and 5c of the frame, as shown in the aforementioned FIG. . 7.

In a practical application of the present invention, it is disclosed that a slab 6 formed by a set concrete mass needs to be given a thickness “h1” of 0.1 m or so when the floor element 4 is given a surface 4a with dimensions of about 6.0 · 15.0 m and rated normal loading.

In FIG. 5 shows a steel frame 5 from a corner (section in the shape of the letter “L”) and / or channel (section in the shape of the letter “U”) with parallel elongated parts 5a and 5c of the metal frame and parallel short parts 5b and 5d of the metal frame, where the element 4 (4) floors or ceilings, with their first and second sections (4b, 4c, 4d) and other sections installed in place for the formation of a horizontal surface 4a of the floor and a flat horizontal lower surface 4a 'of the ceiling, where each element 4 overlap and its overlapping sections are supported I-beams 14b, 14b ', respectively, with the clear span (length given orientation of metal parts 5a, 5c frame) therebetween.

In FIG. 5, 6 and 7, furthermore, it is shown that said metal frame 5 with metal parts 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d of the frame may be imparted with an uneven transverse profile.

In an enlarged partial section in FIG. 6 shows a section along or parallel to the frame part 5c in which three metal profiles 8, 8 'and 8 ”supported by the frame create a rigid axial reinforcement of the concrete slab 6 in the concrete slab 6.

Bearing beams 14b, 14b 'supporting the frame structure 5 can be according to FIG. 2, 3 and 5 to give a section of the corner (the shape of the letter "L") or channel (the shape of the letter "U").

The structures of the floor element 4 according to the present invention offer a laterally oriented orientation of each floor section 4b, 4c, etc. in any case, choose a component of more than 4.0 m, for example less than 8.0 m, preferably 6.0 m or slightly less.

In this regard, the present invention may specifically disclose standardized dimensions of the overlap 4.

The longitudinally directed orientation of the floor element 4 can be selected as 10-15 m, but even longer, for example 20 m.

In the mixed concrete material 6 ', as in the basic design, any reinforcement and / or reinforcing agent in the freshly prepared concrete mixture 6' may be completely absent, except for the metal profiles 8, 8 'and 8 ”used, and the distance between them to form the said sections 4b , 4c (4, 4 ', 4 ”) floors, etc.

Alternatively, reinforcement in the form of steel fibers or the like and, in exceptional cases, one or more metal reinforcing bars or the like can be introduced into the freshly prepared concrete material 6 ′ for forming the floor slab 6.

In FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the metal part of the carcass of the channel (profile in the form of the letter “U”), such as one or more parts 5a - 5d of the carcass, a particular metal part 5e of the carcass, corresponding, in use, to parts 5c or 5a of the carcass connecting to side of the floor element 4, with three or more protrusions and cut-outs, shown here at 5f, 5f 'and 5f ”, where these protrusions are made for pouring with movable concrete material 6' and create preconditions for the simple distribution of freshly prepared liquid the apparent mass of concrete 6 'between sections 4b, 4c (4, 4', 4 ”), etc.

In FIG. 8 shows a disassembled view of a metal frame 5 with three metal parts 5a, 5b and 5c of the frame and a series of parallel (four) metal profiles, indicated by 8, 8 'and 8 ", installed in the frame 5 and without concrete material 6'.

In FIG. 9 shows a number of different metal profiles 8, distributed at positions “A”, “B”, “C” and “D”, where the fire-resistant or reinforcing section of concrete is oriented so as to form adjacent sections (4, 4 ', 4 ”) floors, etc. in concrete slab 6 and form an insulating mat 7 connected to the wall section below (not shown).

Various configurations of sections of steel metal profiles 8 are shown here.

Thus, illustration “A” discloses an embodiment of the invention where the upper zone 8a is inclined and connected at right angles to the intermediate zone 8b and there is a 45 ° lower zone 8c bent where the holes or cutouts 8d are in the form of bent plates.

Illustration “B” shows an embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown by illustration “A”, however, the cutouts 8d mentioned here are simple openings.

Figure C shows the use of a rod or rod 8f running parallel to the corner of section 8e.

The illustration “D” shows the use of a metal profile with a section in the shape of the letter “Z”, with the floor open in the upper flat surface 4a, the adjacent flat zone 8g and the lower flat zone 8c '.

A profile 8 (not shown) made with a cross section in the shape of the letter “X” or another that is shown can preferably be used to create a connection between adjacent sections 4 ′ and 4 ”.

The present invention, of course, is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above as an example, but may be modified without departing from the scope of the concept of the invention shown in the attached claims.

In particular, it should be noted that each illustrated block and / or circuit can be combined with each other illustrated block and / or circuit within the scope of the invention to fulfill the necessary technical function.

In the description provided herein for explanation, the following items are used.

1. Completed building structure made of a number of modules.

2. The supporting structure.

2 '. Adjoining supporting structure.

3. The module.

4. An element of overlapping and / or ceiling.

4a. Flat top floor.

4a 'Flat bottom surface of the ceiling.

4b. The section forming the floor (or ceiling).

4c. The section forming the floor (or ceiling).

4d. The first end zone related to the first floor section.

4e. The second end zone related to the first floor section.

4f. The end zone related to the second floor section.

4g. The end zone related to the second floor section.

5. Frame construction made to form a metal frame around the floor and / or ceiling element.

5a. The first metal part of the frame.

5b. The second metal part of the frame.

5c. The third metal part of the frame.

5d. The fourth metal part of the frame.

6. Cured concrete slab.

6. ' The moving mass of structural concrete material in the form of a freshly mixed concrete mass of high viscosity.

6a. The downward-directed section of the concrete slab, which determines the function of reinforcing the floor and / or ceiling element.

7. Soundproofing and / or heat-insulating mat with fire-resistant properties and made with the possibility of joint work with sections of plates.

8. The metal element of the ceiling and / or ceiling, reinforcing the first profile, made with the possibility of bonding with parallel metal parts of the frame.

8 'Second metal profile adjacent to the first.

8 ^" Third metal profile adjacent to the second.

8a. The upper, adjacent to the floor, the first zone.

8b. Intermediate zone.

8c. Lower, adjacent to the ceiling, second zone.

8c '. Lower flat zone.

8d. Cutouts, such as bent plates and / or holes, for distributing a freshly mixed mass of concrete material.

8e. Corner section.

8f. Rod or rod.

8g. Flat upper zone.

10. Coupling means shown as studs.

10a. Coupling means shown as studs.

14. The supporting structure.

14a. The device of the vertical support.

14b. The device of the horizontal supporting beam.

Claims (12)

1. The element (4), made in the form of a block for the formation of the surface (4A) of the floor and / or the formation of the surface (4a ') of the ceiling, while the said element is made with the possibility of support on spaced apart from each other carrier beams (14b, 14b') included in the supporting structure (14) or the frame structure, wherein the frame (5) is made of metal and with its distinguished metal parts (5a-5d) the frame is configured to surround a plate (6) made of concrete material, while the opposite metal parts (5a, 5c) of the frame, highlight in the metal frame (5), made with the possibility of forming a fixed support for a number of metal profiles (8, 8 ', 8``), characterized in that the concrete slab (6) is made with the possibility of fixing by pressure and / or fixing means (5f , 8d) for joint rigid bending work with highlighted metal parts (5a, 5c) of the frame connected to the frame and / or selected metal profiles (8), and the profiles (8, 8 ') are located between two parts (5a, 5c ) frame for the formation between them of sections (4 ', 4' ') of the element, and fire I concrete section (6a) is disposed between adjacent orientate soundproofed and heat-insulating mat (7). 2. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts of the frame and / or metal profiles are configured to be fixedly connected to the plate by means of a discrete fixing means and / or corner profile (6). 3. The element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plate has a thickness of about 0.1 m 4. An element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the selected and / or all metal profiles (8) are given an uneven cross-sectional profile in the plate (6) and lower fixing means (8 s) are given for communication with the soundproofing and / or heat-insulating mat (7). 5. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting beams of the carcass structure and / or the metal parts of the carcass (5) are given a sectional profile of the corner in the form of the letter “L” or channel in the form of the letter “U”. 6. The element according to claim 1, characterized in that the orientation in the transverse direction is selected component more than 4.0 m, for example less than 8.0 m, suitable 6.0 m 7. The element according to claim 1, characterized in that the orientation in the longitudinal direction is selected component, in any case, 10-15 m, for example, in any case, less than 20 m 8. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the slab (6) made of concrete has no inserted reinforcement except for the embedded sections separating the metal profiles (8, 8 '). 9. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate (6) is provided with reinforcement, such as steel fibers, in addition to the embedded sections separating the metal profiles (8). 10. The element according to claim 9, characterized in that one or more reinforcing bars are inserted as reinforcement. 11. The element according to claim 1, characterized in that the orientation in the longitudinal direction is adapted to the horizontal distance between the supporting beams included in the structure of the steel frame, created as a module (3), moreover, one module can be associated with one or more other modules . 12. The element according to claim 11, characterized in that the module (3) has a lower frame structure (2 ') for carrying freely laid floor elements and an upper frame structure (2) for carrying freely installed ceiling elements.

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