WO2017071153A1 - Anchor mouth and profile generation method therefor - Google Patents
Anchor mouth and profile generation method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017071153A1 WO2017071153A1 PCT/CN2016/077384 CN2016077384W WO2017071153A1 WO 2017071153 A1 WO2017071153 A1 WO 2017071153A1 CN 2016077384 W CN2016077384 W CN 2016077384W WO 2017071153 A1 WO2017071153 A1 WO 2017071153A1
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- anchor
- anchor lip
- contour
- lip
- line
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
- B63B21/14—Hawse-holes; Hawse-pipes; Hawse-hole closures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ship component, in particular to an anchor lip and a contour generating method thereof.
- the first and last tip cabin capacity is shortened accordingly.
- the draught part of the crotch is designed as a bulbous type.
- the anchor lip plays a vital role in the process of anchoring and anchoring. Its main function is to prevent the anchor chain from rubbing against the anchor table surface; the second is to use the height of the anchor lip and the upper surface slope. After the anchoring is completed, the anchor crown and the anchor lip and the anchor anchor anchor surface are firmly fitted. More importantly, the anchor lip is used to smoothly fit the anchor body along the original design track to the anchor table surface during the anchoring process. The entire anchoring process.
- the active anchor bolts are mainly fixed orbital structures and traditional spiral structures.
- the fixed rail structure has a fixed track on the inner contour surface of the anchor lip, so that one surface of the anchor handle runs upward along the fixed rail, so that an anchor claw contacts the outer panel (anchor surface) and is tangent to the anchor claw. Flip up to achieve the anchor.
- the track of the fixed-orbit-structured anchor lip is difficult to design and process, and the precision is low.
- the conventional spiral structure cannot guarantee the stability when the anchor claw is turned upside down, causing the joint of the anchor rod and the anchor claw to break, and the specific position of the anchor claw at the anchor lip at the end of the turning up and rising cannot be found, and the design and manufacturing are difficult. ,higher cost.
- the present invention provides an anchor lip and a contour generating method thereof.
- a method for generating an anchor lip contour of the present invention includes determining an inner contour line of an anchor lip, an outline of an anchor lip, a bottom end contour of an anchor lip, an inner notch contour of an anchor lip, and an anchor.
- the inner notch of the lip rotates the center trajectory line; the inner contour line of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the contour line of the anchor lip and the anchor lip are The bottom end contour line is rotated by 90° in the left and right direction of the inner contour of the anchor lip to perform variable section scanning. After the scanned contour is joined, the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, and then the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is along the inside of the anchor lip. The notch rotation center trajectory is rotated 360° to obtain the inner contour of the anchor lip.
- the trajectory of the inner contour line of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the trajectory of the contour line of the tip of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the trajectory of the profile of the bottom end of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the trajectory of the profile of the internal notch of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the trajectory of the center line of the inner notch of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates
- the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°.
- An anchor lip comprising an inner contour surface of the anchor lip, a top end contour of the anchor lip, a bottom end contour of the anchor lip, and an inner notch of the anchor lip:
- the inner contour line of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the contour line of the top end of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip are respectively located in the anchor lip
- the contour is rotated 90° in the left-right direction to perform variable-section scanning.
- the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, and then the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is rotated 360° along the central trajectory of the inner opening of the anchor lip.
- the inner contour of the anchor lip is obtained; the above contours are combined to obtain the overall contour of the bionic spiral anchor lip.
- An anchor lip and a contour generating method thereof according to the present invention have the following advantages:
- the screw shell structure with good biological characteristics is adopted, so that the inner contour surface of the anchor lip has an excellent spiral structure. Therefore, when the anchor is being anchored, the anchor handle does not contact the outer plate (the anchor after entering the anchor chain during the anchoring process). On the table top, the spiral track causes one side of the anchor shank to spiral upward along the spiral track to the inner contour surface, thereby reaching an anchor The claw contacts the outer plate (anchor surface) and is tangent to it, and finally the anchor claw is turned up, effectively completing the anchoring process.
- the inner and outer contour surfaces of the anchor lip in the present invention are obtained according to a specific bionic spiral equation, it is advantageous for the design and manufacture of the anchor lip, especially for the casting process.
- Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a rear view of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the rotational scanning direction of the anchor lip tip contour 2 and the anchor lip tip contour line 3;
- Figure 5 is a schematic view of the contact point of the anchor lip anchor
- Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the shape of the inner spiral of the anchor lip in the coordinate system
- Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the shape of the contour line of the anchor lip at the coordinate system
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the shape of the bottom end contour of the anchor lip in the coordinate system
- Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the shape of the inner notch contour of the anchor lip in the coordinate system
- Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the shape of the center line of the inner slit of the anchor lip in the coordinate system.
- the bionic spiral anchor lip of the present invention is designed according to the bionic spiral equation and with reference to the anchor lip design specification.
- a method for generating an anchor lip contour of the present invention includes determining an inner contour line of an anchor lip, an outline of an anchor lip, a contour line 3 of an anchor lip, and an inner notch contour of the anchor lip.
- Line 5 and the inner notch of the anchor lip rotate the center trajectory line 4; the inner contour line 1 of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line 2 of the anchor lip and the contour line 3 of the anchor lip, the direction is as indicated by the arrow in FIG.
- the size of each part of the anchor lip and the shape of each spiral are calculated according to the size of the anchor lip produced by the specific needs.
- the spiral trajectory of the contour line 1 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (1).
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the spiral trajectory of the anchor lip contour line 2 is calculated by the following formula (2).
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the spiral trajectory of the bottom end contour line 3 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (3).
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the spiral trajectory of the inner notch contour line 5 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (4).
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
- the spiral trajectory of the inner lobe rotation center trajectory line 4 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (5).
- t is the angle at which the helix rotates
- the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°.
- the shape of the spiral shown in the formula (1) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG. 6.
- the shape of the spiral shown in the formula (2) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG.
- the shape of the spiral shown in the formula (3) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG.
- the shape of the spiral shown in the formula (4) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG.
- the shape of the spiral shown in the formula (5) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG.
- An anchor lip comprising an inner contour surface of the anchor lip, a top end contour of the anchor lip, a bottom end contour of the anchor lip, and an inner notch of the anchor lip; the inner contour line 1 of the anchor lip along the contour line 2 of the anchor lip and the anchor
- the curve of the lip tip contour line 3 is scanned to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the variable lip scanning is performed by rotating the anchor lip tip contour line 2 and the anchor lip tip contour line 3 respectively by 90° in the left and right direction of the inner contour of the anchor lip.
- the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, Then, the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is rotated 360° along the central trajectory of the inner opening of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour of the anchor lip; the above contours are combined to obtain the overall contour of the bionic spiral anchor lip.
- the method for preparing the anchor lip of the invention adopts a screw shell structure with good biological characteristics, so that the inner contour surface of the anchor lip has an excellent spiral structure, so when the anchoring is performed, the anchor handle enters the anchor chain during the anchoring process.
- the spiral track causes one surface of the anchor shank to spirally rotate upward along the spiral track to the inner contour surface, thereby reaching an anchor claw contacting the outer plate (anchor surface) and being tangent thereto Finally, the anchor claw is turned upside down, and the anchoring process is effectively completed. Since the inner and outer contour surfaces of the anchor lip in the present invention are obtained according to a specific bionic spiral equation, it is advantageous for the design and manufacture of the anchor lip, especially for the casting process. Since the inside of the anchor lip in the present invention is grooved, the welding of the anchor lip and the anchor table surface is facilitated, and the weight is reduced, material is saved, and cost is reduced.
- the anchor body moves upward under the action of the pulling force when the anchor is pulled.
- the anchor handle contacts the point C after entering the anchor chain barrel.
- the anchor claw has not been in contact with the outer panel (anchor surface).
- the length of the anchor handle is greater than the length of the anchor claw, and the anchor handle has begun to rotate clockwise upward.
- the anchor body is caused to spiral upward along the spiral track.
- the cross section of the anchor shank is in contact with the point C.
- one side of the anchor shank is spirally rotated upward to the point C between the point C and the point B.
- the anchor claw is in contact with the outer plate (anchor surface), and the double claw of the original anchor contacts the outer plate (anchor surface) due to the action of the spiral surface, and the single claw of the anchor contacts the outer plate (anchor surface).
- the single claw of the anchor contacts the outer plate (anchor surface)
- the direction of the anchor claw is not directed to the outer plate (anchor surface)
- the anchor claw is tangent to the outer plate (anchor surface).
- the anchor claw Under the action of the pulling force, the anchor claw can only be turned upwards according to the set spiral track, so that the two anchor claws closely fit with the outer plate (anchor surface) at point A, thereby smoothly completing the entire anchoring process.
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Abstract
Disclosed is a bionic spiral anchor mouth profile generation method, comprising determination of an anchor mouth inner profile line (1), an anchor mouth top end profile line (2), an anchor mouth bottom end profile line (3), an anchor mouth inner notch profile line (5) and an anchor mouth inner notch rotating centre trajectory line (4). The anchor mouth inner profile line (1) is scanned along curved lines of the anchor mouth top end profile line (2) and the anchor mouth bottom end profile line (3) to obtain an anchor mouth inner profile surface. The anchor mouth top end profile line (2) and the anchor mouth bottom end profile line (3) respectively rotate by 90° to left and right along the anchor mouth inner profile surface to perform the variable section scanning. After profiles obtained by scanning are joined, an anchor mouth external profile is obtained. Then, the anchor mouth inner notch profile line (5) rotates by 360° along the anchor mouth inner notch rotating centre trajectory line (4) to obtain an anchor mouth internal profile.
Description
本发明涉及一种船舶部件，具体是一种锚唇及其轮廓生成方法。The invention relates to a ship component, in particular to an anchor lip and a contour generating method thereof.
随着现代化造船事业的发展，在提高船舶各种性能的同时，为了增大船体货舱的舱容，相应缩短了首尾尖舱容。这样一来就给船体的拉锚试验及甲板锚系布置带来很大的困难。尤其是现代船舶为了提高航速，把艏部吃水部分设计成球鼻型。锚唇，作为一个船体的重要部件，在收锚和放锚过程中起着至关重要的作用，其主要作用一是防止锚链与锚台面摩擦；二是利用锚唇的高度及上表面斜度在起锚完成后锚冠与锚唇，锚爪锚台面稳固的贴合，更重要的是在起锚过程中利用锚唇有效地把锚体沿原设计轨道顺畅的与锚台面紧密贴合，完成整个拉锚过程。With the development of the modern shipbuilding industry, while improving the various performances of the ship, in order to increase the cabin capacity of the hull cargo space, the first and last tip cabin capacity is shortened accordingly. This brings great difficulties to the hull's tensile test and deck anchoring. In particular, in order to improve the speed of the modern ship, the draught part of the crotch is designed as a bulbous type. The anchor lip, as an important part of the hull, plays a vital role in the process of anchoring and anchoring. Its main function is to prevent the anchor chain from rubbing against the anchor table surface; the second is to use the height of the anchor lip and the upper surface slope. After the anchoring is completed, the anchor crown and the anchor lip and the anchor anchor anchor surface are firmly fitted. More importantly, the anchor lip is used to smoothly fit the anchor body along the original design track to the anchor table surface during the anchoring process. The entire anchoring process.
现役锚唇主要为固定轨道式结构和传统螺旋结构。其中，固定轨道式结构，在锚唇内轮廓面开设一条固定轨道，促使锚柄的一个表面沿固定轨道向上运行，从而达到一个锚爪接触外板(锚台面)并与其相切，促使锚爪向上翻转，实现拉锚。但是，固定轨道式结构锚唇的轨道难于设计加工，并且精度较低，常常出现锚柄不能顺利进入轨道里面，导致锚爪在在翻转过程中出现与外板(锚台面)卡死现象，造成拉锚失败；同时，传统螺旋式结构锚唇，众所周知，新港船舶重工公开了一种螺旋锚唇的专利(公开号：CN202765234U)，在传统锚唇的基础上，将内轮廓面设计为螺旋形，形成螺旋轨道，使锚杆紧贴螺旋内轮廓面进行上升，促使锚爪向上翻转，实现拉锚。但是，传统螺旋结构不能保证在锚爪翻转上升时的稳定性，造成锚杆与锚爪结合出的断裂，不能找到锚爪在完成翻转上升结束时在锚唇处的具体位置，并且设计制造困难，成本较高。The active anchor bolts are mainly fixed orbital structures and traditional spiral structures. Wherein, the fixed rail structure has a fixed track on the inner contour surface of the anchor lip, so that one surface of the anchor handle runs upward along the fixed rail, so that an anchor claw contacts the outer panel (anchor surface) and is tangent to the anchor claw. Flip up to achieve the anchor. However, the track of the fixed-orbit-structured anchor lip is difficult to design and process, and the precision is low. It often happens that the anchor handle cannot enter the track smoothly, resulting in the anchor claw being stuck with the outer plate (anchor surface) during the turning process, resulting in At the same time, the traditional spiral structure anchor lip, as we all know, Xingang Shipbuilding Heavy Industry disclosed a patent for a spiral anchor lip (publication number: CN202765234U), based on the traditional anchor lip, the inner contour surface is designed as a spiral The spiral track is formed, so that the anchor rod rises close to the inner contour surface of the spiral, and the anchor claw is turned upward to realize the pulling anchor. However, the conventional spiral structure cannot guarantee the stability when the anchor claw is turned upside down, causing the joint of the anchor rod and the anchor claw to break, and the specific position of the anchor claw at the anchor lip at the end of the turning up and rising cannot be found, and the design and manufacturing are difficult. ,higher cost.
发明内容Summary of the invention
发明目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种锚唇及其轮廓生成方法。OBJECT OF THE INVENTION: To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an anchor lip and a contour generating method thereof.
技术方案：为解决上述技术问题，本发明的一种锚唇轮廓生成方法，包括确定锚唇内轮廓线、锚唇顶端轮廓线、锚唇底端轮廓线、锚唇内部槽口轮廓线及锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线；将锚唇内轮廓线沿着锚唇顶端轮廓线和锚唇底端轮廓线的曲线进行扫描，得到锚唇内轮廓面；将锚唇顶端轮廓线与锚唇底端轮廓线分别沿锚唇内轮廓面向左右方向各旋转90°进行可变截面扫描，扫描得到的轮廓接合后，得到锚唇外部轮廓，然后将锚唇内部槽口轮廓线沿着锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线旋转360°，得到锚唇的内部轮廓。
Technical Solution: In order to solve the above technical problem, a method for generating an anchor lip contour of the present invention includes determining an inner contour line of an anchor lip, an outline of an anchor lip, a bottom end contour of an anchor lip, an inner notch contour of an anchor lip, and an anchor. The inner notch of the lip rotates the center trajectory line; the inner contour line of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the contour line of the anchor lip and the anchor lip are The bottom end contour line is rotated by 90° in the left and right direction of the inner contour of the anchor lip to perform variable section scanning. After the scanned contour is joined, the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, and then the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is along the inside of the anchor lip. The notch rotation center trajectory is rotated 360° to obtain the inner contour of the anchor lip.
优选地，所述锚唇内轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，Preferably, the trajectory of the inner contour line of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
所述锚唇顶端剖面轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the contour line of the tip of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
所述锚唇底端剖面轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the profile of the bottom end of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
所述锚唇内部槽口截面轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the profile of the internal notch of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
所述锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the center line of the inner notch of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°。Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°.
一种锚唇，该锚唇包括锚唇内轮廓面，锚唇顶端轮廓，锚唇底端轮廓，锚唇内部槽口：An anchor lip comprising an inner contour surface of the anchor lip, a top end contour of the anchor lip, a bottom end contour of the anchor lip, and an inner notch of the anchor lip:
将锚唇内轮廓线沿着锚唇顶端轮廓线和锚唇底端轮廓线的曲线进行扫描，得到锚唇内轮廓面；将锚唇顶端轮廓线与锚唇底端轮廓线分别沿锚唇内轮廓面向左右方向各旋转90°进行可变截面扫描，扫描得到的轮廓接合后，得到锚唇外部轮廓，然后将锚唇内部槽口轮廓线沿着锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线旋转360°，得到锚唇的内部轮廓；将上述各轮廓相结合，得到仿生螺旋锚唇的整体轮廓。The inner contour line of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the contour line of the top end of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip are respectively located in the anchor lip The contour is rotated 90° in the left-right direction to perform variable-section scanning. After the scanned contour is joined, the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, and then the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is rotated 360° along the central trajectory of the inner opening of the anchor lip. The inner contour of the anchor lip is obtained; the above contours are combined to obtain the overall contour of the bionic spiral anchor lip.
有益效果：本发明的一种锚唇及其轮廓生成方法，具有以下优点：Advantageous Effects: An anchor lip and a contour generating method thereof according to the present invention have the following advantages:
1、采用了具有良好生物特性的螺壳结构，使得锚唇内轮廓表面具有优异的螺旋结构，所以进行收锚时，在拉锚过程中锚柄进入锚链筒后还没有接触外板(锚台面)时，螺旋轨道促使锚柄的一个面沿螺旋轨道向上紧贴内轮廓面做螺旋转动，从而达到一个锚
爪接触外板(锚台面)并与其相切，最终使锚爪向上翻转，有效的完成拉锚过程。1. The screw shell structure with good biological characteristics is adopted, so that the inner contour surface of the anchor lip has an excellent spiral structure. Therefore, when the anchor is being anchored, the anchor handle does not contact the outer plate (the anchor after entering the anchor chain during the anchoring process). On the table top, the spiral track causes one side of the anchor shank to spiral upward along the spiral track to the inner contour surface, thereby reaching an anchor
The claw contacts the outer plate (anchor surface) and is tangent to it, and finally the anchor claw is turned up, effectively completing the anchoring process.
2、由于本发明中的锚唇的内外轮廓表面都依据具体的仿生螺旋线方程得到，所以有利于锚唇的设计与制造，尤其是为浇铸过程提供理论依据。2. Since the inner and outer contour surfaces of the anchor lip in the present invention are obtained according to a specific bionic spiral equation, it is advantageous for the design and manufacture of the anchor lip, especially for the casting process.
3、由于本发明中的锚唇内部进行开槽处理，所以有利于锚唇和锚台面的焊接，而且使其轻量化，节约材料，降低成本。3. Since the inside of the anchor lip in the present invention is grooved, it is advantageous for the welding of the anchor lip and the anchor table surface, and the weight thereof is reduced, the material is saved, and the cost is reduced.
图1为本发明的正视图；Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the present invention;
图2为图1的背视图；Figure 2 is a rear view of Figure 1;
图3为本图1的A-A向剖面视图；Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
图4为将锚唇顶端轮廓线2与锚唇顶端轮廓线3的旋转扫描方向示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the rotational scanning direction of the anchor lip tip contour 2 and the anchor lip tip contour line 3;
图5为锚唇锚杆运动接触点示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic view of the contact point of the anchor lip anchor;
图6为锚唇内轮廓螺旋线在坐标系下的形状示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the shape of the inner spiral of the anchor lip in the coordinate system;
图7为锚唇顶端轮廓线在坐标系下的形状示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the shape of the contour line of the anchor lip at the coordinate system;
图8为锚唇底端轮廓线在坐标系下的形状示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the shape of the bottom end contour of the anchor lip in the coordinate system;
图9为锚唇内部槽口轮廓线在坐标系下的形状示意图；Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the shape of the inner notch contour of the anchor lip in the coordinate system;
图10为锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线在坐标系下的形状示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the shape of the center line of the inner slit of the anchor lip in the coordinate system.
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
以自然界中螺壳的壳体形状为研究对象，找到一种对数螺旋线方程r＝a·eb·θ(其中a＝ec，c是积分常数)满足螺壳壳体的形态曲线，于是在50个不同螺壳的壳体分别取100个点，应用0RGIN软件将各个点连成线，与对数螺旋线进行拟合，得到仿生螺旋线方程r＝1.4e0.12θ。根据仿生螺旋线方程，并参照锚唇设计规范，设计本发明的仿生螺旋锚唇。Taking the shell shape of the snail shell in nature as the research object, we find a logarithmic spiral equation r=a·e b·θ (where a=e c , c is the integral constant) to satisfy the shape curve of the shell shell. Then, 100 points are taken in the shells of 50 different shells, and each point is connected into a line by using 0RGIN software, and the logarithmic spiral is fitted to obtain a bionic spiral equation r=1.4e 0.12θ . The bionic spiral anchor lip of the present invention is designed according to the bionic spiral equation and with reference to the anchor lip design specification.
如图1至图4所示，本发明的一种锚唇轮廓生成方法，包括确定锚唇内轮廓线1、锚唇顶端轮廓线2、锚唇底端轮廓线3、锚唇内部槽口轮廓线5及锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线4；将锚唇内轮廓线1沿锚唇顶端轮廓线2和锚唇顶端轮廓线3的曲线进行扫描，方向如图3中箭头所指方向，得到锚唇内轮廓面；将锚唇顶端轮廓线2与锚唇顶端轮廓线3分别沿锚唇内轮廓面向左右方向各旋转90°进行可变截面扫描，方向如图4中箭头所示，扫描得到的轮廓接合后，得到锚唇外部轮廓，然后将锚唇内部槽口轮廓线5沿着锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线旋转360°，得到锚唇的内部轮廓。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, a method for generating an anchor lip contour of the present invention includes determining an inner contour line of an anchor lip, an outline of an anchor lip, a contour line 3 of an anchor lip, and an inner notch contour of the anchor lip. Line 5 and the inner notch of the anchor lip rotate the center trajectory line 4; the inner contour line 1 of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line 2 of the anchor lip and the contour line 3 of the anchor lip, the direction is as indicated by the arrow in FIG. Obtaining the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; rotating the tip contour line 2 of the anchor lip and the contour line 3 of the anchor lip along the inner contour of the anchor lip respectively by 90° in the left-right direction for variable-section scanning, the direction is as shown by the arrow in FIG. 4, scanning After the resulting contour is joined, the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, and then the inner notch contour 5 of the anchor lip is rotated 360° along the central trajectory of the inner opening of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour of the anchor lip.
在上述仿生螺旋线方程的基础上，根据具体需要生产的锚唇的尺寸，分别计算锚唇各个部分的尺寸及各条螺旋线的形状。
Based on the above-mentioned bionic spiral equation, the size of each part of the anchor lip and the shape of each spiral are calculated according to the size of the anchor lip produced by the specific needs.
锚唇内轮廓线1的螺旋线轨迹通过下式(1)计算得到，The spiral trajectory of the contour line 1 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (1).
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
锚唇顶端轮廓线2的螺旋线轨迹通过下式(2)计算得到，The spiral trajectory of the anchor lip contour line 2 is calculated by the following formula (2).
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
锚唇底端轮廓线3的螺旋线轨迹通过下式(3)计算得到，The spiral trajectory of the bottom end contour line 3 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (3).
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
锚唇内部槽口轮廓线5的螺旋线轨迹通过下式(4)计算得到，The spiral trajectory of the inner notch contour line 5 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (4).
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;
锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线4的螺旋线轨迹通过下式(5)计算得到，The spiral trajectory of the inner lobe rotation center trajectory line 4 of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula (5).
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°。Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°.
式(1)所示的螺旋线在坐标系下的形状如图6所示。式(2)所示的螺旋线在坐标系下的形状如图7所示。式(3)所示的螺旋线在坐标系下的形状如图8所示。式(4)所示的螺旋线在坐标系下的形状如图9所示。式(5)所示的螺旋线在坐标系下的形状如图10所示。The shape of the spiral shown in the formula (1) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG. 6. The shape of the spiral shown in the formula (2) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG. The shape of the spiral shown in the formula (3) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG. The shape of the spiral shown in the formula (4) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG. The shape of the spiral shown in the formula (5) in the coordinate system is as shown in FIG.
一种锚唇，该仿生螺唇包括锚唇内轮廓面，锚唇顶端轮廓，锚唇底端轮廓，锚唇内部槽口；将锚唇内轮廓线1沿着锚唇顶端轮廓线2和锚唇顶端轮廓线3的曲线进行扫描，得到锚唇内轮廓面；将锚唇顶端轮廓线2与锚唇顶端轮廓线3分别沿锚唇内轮廓面向左右方向各旋转90°进行可变截面扫描，扫描得到的轮廓接合后，得到锚唇外部轮廓，然
后将锚唇内部槽口轮廓线沿着锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线旋转360°，得到锚唇的内部轮廓；将上述各轮廓相结合，得到仿生螺旋锚唇的整体轮廓。An anchor lip comprising an inner contour surface of the anchor lip, a top end contour of the anchor lip, a bottom end contour of the anchor lip, and an inner notch of the anchor lip; the inner contour line 1 of the anchor lip along the contour line 2 of the anchor lip and the anchor The curve of the lip tip contour line 3 is scanned to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the variable lip scanning is performed by rotating the anchor lip tip contour line 2 and the anchor lip tip contour line 3 respectively by 90° in the left and right direction of the inner contour of the anchor lip. After the scanned contour is joined, the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained,
Then, the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is rotated 360° along the central trajectory of the inner opening of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour of the anchor lip; the above contours are combined to obtain the overall contour of the bionic spiral anchor lip.
本发明的一种锚唇的制备方法，采用了具有良好生物特性的螺壳结构，使得锚唇内轮廓表面具有优异的螺旋结构，所以进行收锚时，在拉锚过程中锚柄进入锚链筒后还没有接触外板(锚台面)时，螺旋轨道促使锚柄的一个面沿螺旋轨道向上紧贴内轮廓面做螺旋转动，从而达到一个锚爪接触外板(锚台面)并与其相切，最终使锚爪向上翻转，有效的完成拉锚过程。由于本发明中的锚唇的内外轮廓表面都依据具体的仿生螺旋线方程得到，所以有利于锚唇的设计与制造，尤其是为浇铸过程提供理论依据。由于本发明中的锚唇内部进行开槽处理，所以有利于锚唇和锚台面的焊接，而且使其轻量化，节约材料，降低成本。The method for preparing the anchor lip of the invention adopts a screw shell structure with good biological characteristics, so that the inner contour surface of the anchor lip has an excellent spiral structure, so when the anchoring is performed, the anchor handle enters the anchor chain during the anchoring process. When the outer plate (anchor surface) is not touched after the cylinder, the spiral track causes one surface of the anchor shank to spirally rotate upward along the spiral track to the inner contour surface, thereby reaching an anchor claw contacting the outer plate (anchor surface) and being tangent thereto Finally, the anchor claw is turned upside down, and the anchoring process is effectively completed. Since the inner and outer contour surfaces of the anchor lip in the present invention are obtained according to a specific bionic spiral equation, it is advantageous for the design and manufacture of the anchor lip, especially for the casting process. Since the inside of the anchor lip in the present invention is grooved, the welding of the anchor lip and the anchor table surface is facilitated, and the weight is reduced, material is saved, and cost is reduced.
如图5所示，拉锚时在拉力的作用下，锚体向上运动。锚柄进入锚链筒后与C点接触，这时锚爪还没有与外板(锚台面)接触，此时锚柄长度大于锚爪的长度，这时锚柄已经开始顺时针向上旋转。在重力与拉力及摩擦力的作用下，促使锚体沿螺旋轨道向上螺旋转动。锚柄横截面与C点接触，在合力的作用下促使锚柄的一面延螺旋轨道向上螺旋转动到C点与B点之间。此时锚爪才与外板(锚台面)接触，由于螺旋面的作用从原来锚的双爪接触外板(锚台面)，改为锚的单爪接触外板(锚台面)。锚的单爪接触外板(锚台面)时，锚爪方向已不指向外板(锚台面)，而是锚爪与外板(锚台面)相切。在拉力的作用下，锚爪只能按设定螺旋轨道向上翻转，使两个锚爪在A点处与外板(锚台面)紧密贴合，从而顺利完成整个拉锚过程。
As shown in Fig. 5, the anchor body moves upward under the action of the pulling force when the anchor is pulled. The anchor handle contacts the point C after entering the anchor chain barrel. At this time, the anchor claw has not been in contact with the outer panel (anchor surface). At this time, the length of the anchor handle is greater than the length of the anchor claw, and the anchor handle has begun to rotate clockwise upward. Under the action of gravity and tension and friction, the anchor body is caused to spiral upward along the spiral track. The cross section of the anchor shank is in contact with the point C. Under the action of the resultant force, one side of the anchor shank is spirally rotated upward to the point C between the point C and the point B. At this time, the anchor claw is in contact with the outer plate (anchor surface), and the double claw of the original anchor contacts the outer plate (anchor surface) due to the action of the spiral surface, and the single claw of the anchor contacts the outer plate (anchor surface). When the single claw of the anchor contacts the outer plate (anchor surface), the direction of the anchor claw is not directed to the outer plate (anchor surface), but the anchor claw is tangent to the outer plate (anchor surface). Under the action of the pulling force, the anchor claw can only be turned upwards according to the set spiral track, so that the two anchor claws closely fit with the outer plate (anchor surface) at point A, thereby smoothly completing the entire anchoring process.
Claims (3)
- 一种锚唇轮廓生成方法，其特征在于：包括确定锚唇内轮廓线、锚唇顶端轮廓线、锚唇底端轮廓线、锚唇内部槽口轮廓线及锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线；将锚唇内轮廓线沿着锚唇顶端轮廓线和锚唇底端轮廓线的曲线进行扫描，得到锚唇内轮廓面；将锚唇顶端轮廓线与锚唇底端轮廓线分别沿锚唇内轮廓面向左右方向各旋转90°进行可变截面扫描，扫描得到的轮廓接合后，得到锚唇外部轮廓，然后将锚唇内部槽口轮廓线沿着锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线旋转360°，得到锚唇的内部轮廓。The invention relates to a method for generating an anchor lip contour, which comprises: determining an inner contour line of an anchor lip, an outline line of an anchor lip, a contour line of a bottom end of an anchor lip, an outline of an inner notch of the anchor lip, and a rotation center line of the inner notch of the anchor lip. The inner contour line of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the contour line of the top end of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip are respectively along the anchor lip The inner contour is rotated 90° in the left-right direction to perform variable-section scanning. After the scanned contour is joined, the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, and then the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is rotated along the central trajectory of the inner opening of the anchor lip. °, the internal contour of the anchor lip is obtained.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种锚唇轮廓的生成方法，其特征在于：A method for generating an anchor lip profile according to claim 1, wherein:所述锚唇内轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the contour line of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;所述锚唇顶端剖面轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the contour line of the tip of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;所述锚唇底端剖面轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the profile of the bottom end of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;所述锚唇内部槽口截面轮廓线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the profile of the internal notch of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°；Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°;所述锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线的轨迹通过下式计算得到，The trajectory of the center line of the inner notch of the anchor lip is calculated by the following formula.
其中，e为常数，t为螺旋线旋转的角度，螺旋线旋转角度t的范围为0°到360°。Where e is a constant, t is the angle at which the helix rotates, and the angle of rotation t of the helix ranges from 0° to 360°. - 一种锚唇，其特征在于：该锚唇包括锚唇内轮廓面，锚唇顶端轮廓，锚唇底端轮廓，锚唇内部槽口；An anchor lip, characterized in that the anchor lip comprises an inner contour surface of the anchor lip, a top end contour of the anchor lip, a bottom end contour of the anchor lip, and an inner notch of the anchor lip;将锚唇内轮廓线沿着锚唇顶端轮廓线和锚唇底端轮廓线的曲线进行扫描，得到锚唇内轮廓面；将锚唇顶端轮廓线与锚唇底端轮廓线分别沿锚唇内轮廓面向左右方向各旋转 90°进行可变截面扫描，扫描得到的轮廓接合后，得到锚唇外部轮廓，然后将锚唇内部槽口轮廓线沿着锚唇内部槽口旋转中心轨迹线旋转360°，得到锚唇的内部轮廓；将上述各轮廓相结合，得到仿生螺旋锚唇的整体轮廓。 The inner contour line of the anchor lip is scanned along the curve of the top end contour line of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip to obtain the inner contour surface of the anchor lip; the contour line of the top end of the anchor lip and the bottom end contour line of the anchor lip are respectively located in the anchor lip The contours are rotated in the left and right direction Variable section scanning at 90°, after the contours of the scanning are joined, the outer contour of the anchor lip is obtained, and then the inner notch contour of the anchor lip is rotated 360° along the central trajectory of the inner opening of the anchor lip to obtain the interior of the anchor lip. Contour; combining the above contours to obtain the overall contour of the bionic spiral anchor lip.
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| CN105956217B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2018-08-31 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of side anchor lip curved face unit transforms into design method |
| CN107878680B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-08-09 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | A kind of curved face type anchor lip design method |
| CN109263796B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2020-07-03 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Design method of anchor lip shape and anchor lip and bow anchor designed by using same |
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