WO2017070529A1 - Tissus ininflammables, imprimables, légers appropriés pour un vêtement de protection porté dans des environnements chauds et/ou humides - Google Patents

Tissus ininflammables, imprimables, légers appropriés pour un vêtement de protection porté dans des environnements chauds et/ou humides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017070529A1
WO2017070529A1 PCT/US2016/058202 US2016058202W WO2017070529A1 WO 2017070529 A1 WO2017070529 A1 WO 2017070529A1 US 2016058202 W US2016058202 W US 2016058202W WO 2017070529 A1 WO2017070529 A1 WO 2017070529A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fabric
flame resistant
fibers
yarns
resistant fabric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/058202
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael T. Stanhope
Timothy James THORNE
Charles S. Dunn
Original Assignee
Southern Mills, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Southern Mills, Inc. filed Critical Southern Mills, Inc.
Priority to EP16858335.9A priority Critical patent/EP3365482B1/fr
Priority to DK16858335.9T priority patent/DK3365482T3/da
Priority to BR112018007897A priority patent/BR112018007897A2/pt
Priority to CN201680075322.XA priority patent/CN108474147A/zh
Priority to US15/768,142 priority patent/US20180313006A1/en
Priority to AU2016340965A priority patent/AU2016340965B2/en
Priority to CA3001704A priority patent/CA3001704C/fr
Priority to JP2018520114A priority patent/JP2018531329A/ja
Priority to PL16858335T priority patent/PL3365482T3/pl
Publication of WO2017070529A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017070529A1/fr
Priority to US18/454,339 priority patent/US20240102212A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/225—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based artificial, e.g. viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D10B2201/24—Viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D10B2321/101—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide modacrylic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/14—Dyeability
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3976—Including strand which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous composition, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
    • Y10T442/3984—Strand is other than glass and is heat or fire resistant

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to flame resistant fabrics for inclusion into protective garments for military and electrical applications.
  • Protective garments are designed to protect the wearer from hazardous environmental conditions the wearer might encounter. Such garments include those designed to be worn by military personnel, as well as firefighters and other rescue personnel and industrial and electrical workers.
  • GL-PD-07-12, Rev. 8 (Purchase Description: Cloth, Flame Resistant, November 26, 2014, incorporated herein by reference) and MIL-PRF-EFRCE (Purchase Description: Uniform, Enhanced Flame Resistant Combat Ensemble (EFRCE) Blouse and Trouser, September 2015, incorporated herein by reference) are military purchase descriptions that set forth the performance requirements for fabrics used in flame resistant garments for the army (GL-PD-07-12) and marines (MIL-PRF-EFRCE).
  • GL-PD-07-12 and MIL-PRF-EFRCE both purchase descriptions include color requirements for military fabrics. More specifically, both address the color shades and camouflage patterns to which the fabrics must be colored, depending on the environment in which the uniforms are intended to be worn.
  • GL-PD-07-12 identifies the following three camouflage patterns:
  • MIL-PRF-EFRCE identifies the following fabric types and colors/patterns:
  • Cloth Type I (woven Woodland, Marine Corps Pattern (MARPAT) camouflage printed) (sections 1.2.1 and 3.3.2.1);
  • Cloth Type II (woven Desert MARPAT camouflage printed) (sections 1.2.1 and 3.3.2.2);
  • Cloth Type III (woven Navy Working Uniform (NWU) II, Desert Digital camouflage printed) (sections 1.2.1 and 3.3.2.3);
  • Cloth Type IV (woven NWUIII, Woodland Digital camouflage printed) (sections 1.2.1 and 3.3.2.4);
  • IR requirements spectral or near infrared reflectance requirements
  • IR requirements spectral or near infrared reflectance requirements
  • ASTM F 1506 requires that the garments and/ or individual layers or parts thereof pass a number of different performance tests.
  • Table 1 of ASTM F 1506 sets forth requirements for woven fabrics, including (among others) strength requirements (e.g., tensile strength, tear strength), colorfastness and laundry shrinkage requirements, and thermal protective requirements (e.g., minimal char length and afterflame requirements). As indicted in Table 1, such requirements may differ depending on the weight of the woven fabric tested.
  • Table 2 of F 1506 sets forth the same property requirements for knitted fabrics.
  • ASTM F 1506 requires all fabrics (woven or knitted) to have a char length of 6 inches or less and have a two second (or less) afterflame, when measured pursuant to the testing methodology set forth in ASTM D6413 (Standard Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles, 2015 edition, incorporated herein by reference).
  • a fabric specimen is suspended vertically over a flame for twelve seconds.
  • the fabric must self-extinguish within two seconds (i.e., it must have a 2 second or less afterflame). After the fabric self -extinguishes, a specified amount of weight is attached to the fabric and the fabric lifted so that the weight is suspended from the fabric.
  • the fabric will typically tear along the charred portion of the fabric.
  • the length of the tear (i.e., the char length) must be 6 inches or less when the test is performed in both the machine/ warp and cross-machine/ fill directions of the fabric.
  • a fabric sample is typically tested for compliance both before it has been washed (and thus when the fabric still contains residual - and often flammable - chemicals from finishing processes) and after a certain number of launderings (e.g., 25 launderings for ASTM F 1506).
  • Embodiments of the invention relate to flame resistant fabrics comprising a blend of modacrylic, aliphatic polyamide, and cellulosic fibers.
  • Some embodiments are printed and/ or dyed with vat dyes so as to comply with the color requirements (including the color, colorfastness, and IR requirements) set forth in the relevant sections of GL-PD-07-12 and/or MIL-PRF-EFRCE.
  • Some embodiments further include reinforcing yarns that improve the strength of the fabrics.
  • Still other embodiments are flame resistant fabrics for use in electrical applications that comply with some or all of the requirements of ASTM F 1506. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • Some embodiments of the invention include flame resistant fabrics suitable for use in military uniforms. Such embodiments of the fabrics preferably comply with the relevant color requirements (including the color, colorfastness, and IR requirements) set forth in sections 3.6 and 3.8 of GL-PD-07-12 and sections 3.3.2, 3.3.5, and 3.3.7 of MIL-PRF-EFRCE. Moreover, some embodiments of the fabrics are low weight and fast drying, rendering them particularly suitable for hot and hot/ humid conditions in that such fabrics manage moisture effectively and dry quickly.
  • the fabrics may be woven or knitted from a combination of spun yarns containing a blend of different types of fibers.
  • the spun yarns in the fabric may all have the same fiber blend, or the fabric may be formed with spun yarns having different fiber blends.
  • the spun yarns are formed of a blend that includes modacrylic fibers.
  • suitable modacrylic fibers are PROTEXTM fibers available from Kaneka Corporation of Osaka, Japan, SEFTM available from Solutia, PyroTex® available from PyroTex Fibers GmbH, or blends thereof.
  • the modacrylic fibers may constitute 30-80%, inclusive; 35-70%, inclusive; and 40-60%, inclusive, of the fiber blend.
  • the blend may also include aliphatic polyamides to increase the fabric strength and abrasion resistance.
  • Nylon or flame resistant ("FR") nylon, Nylon XF, and Nylon HT are examples of suitable aliphatic polyamides for use in the blend.
  • aliphatic polyamide fibers (such as nylon and/ or FR nylon fibers) constitute 5-50%, inclusive; 10-45%, inclusive; 10-35%, inclusive; 15-30%, inclusive; and 20-30%, inclusive of the fiber blend.
  • the fiber blend may further include FR or non-FR cellulosic fibers, including, but not limited to, natural and synthetic cellulosic fibers (e.g., cotton, rayon, acetate, triacetate, and lyocell, as well as their flame resistant counterparts FR cotton, FR rayon, FR acetate, FR triacetate, and FR lyocell).
  • rayon fibers include ViscoseTM and ModalTM by Lenzing, available from Lenzing Fibers Corporation.
  • An example of an FR rayon material is Lenzing FRTM, also available from Lenzing Fibers Corporation, and VISILTM, available from Sateri.
  • lyocell fibers include TENCELTM, TENCEL G100TM and TENCEL A100TM, all available from Lenzing Fibers Corporation.
  • synthetic cellulosic fibers are included in the fiber blend.
  • FR or non-FR lyocell fibers are included in the blend.
  • non-FR cellulosic fibers (such as non-FR lyocell fibers) constitute 10-60%, inclusive; 10-55%, inclusive; 10-50%, inclusive; 10-45%, inclusive; 10-40%, inclusive; and 20-40%, inclusive, of the fiber blend.
  • FR cellulosic fibers (such as FR lyocell fibers) constitute 10-80%, inclusive; 15-75%, inclusive; 15-65%, inclusive; 15-50%, inclusive; 20-40%, inclusive; 10-40%, inclusive; and 15-35%, inclusive, of the fiber blend.
  • the fiber blend includes a blend of modacrylic, nylon, and cellulosic fibers (e.g., synthetic cellulosic fibers such as lyocell fibers).
  • the spun yarns are formed from a fiber blend having approximately 30-80% modacrylic fibers, approximately 10-60% cellulosic fibers (e.g., synthetic cellulosic), and approximately 5-50% nylon fibers.
  • the spun yarns are formed from a fiber blend having approximately 35-70% modacrylic fibers, approximately 10-50% cellulosic fibers (e.g., synthetic cellulosic), and approximately 10-40% nylon fibers.
  • the spun yarns are formed from a fiber blend having approximately 40-65% modacrylic fibers, approximately 10-40% cellulosic fibers (e.g., synthetic cellulosic), and approximately 15-40% nylon fibers.
  • the cellulosic fibers (such as lyocell) and nylon fibers used in these blends can be FR or non-FR.
  • the spun yarns of these embodiments are devoid of additional inherently flame resistant fibers, such as aramid fibers.
  • the same types of modacrylic fibers, cellulosic fibers, and nylon fibers need not be used in the blend. Rather, multiple types of each may be blended together.
  • the cellulosic fibers are provided in the blend to increase the comfort and moisture management of the fabric. In some embodiments, however, it may be desirable (but not required) to use lower levels of cellulosic fibers to help reduce fabric drying time. In some embodiments, the cellulosic fibers constitute less of the fiber blend than the nylon fibers.
  • the fiber blend is devoid of other FR fibers typically used in FR fabrics to impart FR properties to the fabrics, such as, but not limited to, aramid fibers such as meta- and para-aramid fibers.
  • FR and non-FR fibers include, but are not limited to, para-aramid fibers, meta-aramid fibers, polybenzoxazole (“PBO”) fibers, polybenzimidazole (“PBI”) fibers, poly ⁇ 2,6- diimidazo[4,5-b:40; 50-e]-pyridinylene-l,4(2,5-dihydroxy)phenylene ⁇ (“PIPD”) fibers, ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene fibers, UHMW polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers, liquid crystal polymer fibers (e.g., aromatic polyesters such as VECTRAN), glass fibers, polynosic rayon fibers, carbon fibers, silk fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fiber
  • para-aramid fibers examples include KEVLARTM (available from DuPont), TECHNORATM (available from Teijin Twaron BV of Arnheim, Netherlands), and TWARONTM (also available from Teijin Twaron BV).
  • meta-aramid fibers examples include NOMEXTM (available from DuPont), CONEXTM (available from Teijin), and APYEILTM (available from Unitika).
  • An example of a polyester fiber is DACRON ® (available from InvistaTM).
  • An example of a PIPD fiber includes M5 (available from Dupont).
  • An example of melamine fibers is BASOFILTM (available from Basofil Fibers).
  • An example of PAN fibers is Panox® (available from the SGL Group).
  • UHMW polyethylene materials include Dyneema and Spectra.
  • An example of a liquid crystal polymer material is VECTRANTM (available from Kuraray).
  • anti-static fibers, anti-microbial fibers, and/ or stretch fibers may also be added to the blend.
  • the spun yarns can be formed in conventional ways well known in the industry.
  • the spun yarns can comprise a single yarn or two or more individual yarns that are twisted, plied, or otherwise combined together.
  • the spun yarns can subsequently be used to form fabrics in a variety of ways, all well known in the industry.
  • the yarns can be knitted or woven.
  • the fabric is formed as a plain weave fabric or a twill weave (e.g. 2x1 twill) fabric that comprises a plurality of body yarns.
  • a twill weave e.g. 2x1 twill
  • other configurations could be used including, for instance, a rip- stop weave, sateen weave, etc.
  • the reinforcing yarns may be spun yarns (such as, but not limited to, those described above), continuous filament yarns, stretch broken yarns, and combinations thereof.
  • the reinforcing yarns may be of any size (i.e., of any cotton count or denier).
  • the reinforcing yarns may be formed from a variety of different materials, including, but not limited to, poly amides (e.g., nylon), high density polyethylene, rayon (FR or non-FR), polyester, aramids (meta-aramid and para- aramid), as well as the other inherently FR fibers and/ or non-inherently FR fibers (FR or non-FR) identified above.
  • the reinforcing yarns are nylon continuous filament yarns.
  • the body of the fabric is formed of spun yarns (such as those described above) and the reinforcing yarns are provided in one or both of the machine/ warp and cross-machine/ fill directions of the fabric.
  • the reinforcing yarns are provided in both the machine/ warp and cross-machine/ fill directions of the fabric so as to create a grid-like pattern.
  • the occurrence of the reinforcing yarns may be the same or different in each fabric direction.
  • the reinforcing yarns may be provided in isolation or may be combined, coupled, or covered (i.e., plied, ply twist, wrapped, coresheath, coverspun, etc.) with one or more other yarns (or staple fibers).
  • the reinforcing yarns may be provided at any frequency within the fabric.
  • a reinforcing yarn may be provided every n* end or pick.
  • the frequency at which reinforcing yarns are used i.e., the value of "n" can be the same or different (1) within a direction of the fabric and/ or (2) in different directions of the fabric.
  • the value of "n" can be anywhere between 1-60, inclusive; 1-50, inclusive; 1-40, inclusive; 1-30, inclusive; 1-20, inclusive; 1-10, inclusive; and 1-5, inclusive, such that at least (n-1) ends or picks of body yarns are positioned between the adjacent reinforcing yarns that are separated by body yarns.
  • reinforcing yarns may be provided directly adjacent each other (i.e., not separated from each other by body yarns) in one or both directions of the fabric.
  • at least some occurrences of reinforcing yarns in the fabric may include three reinforcing yarns in a row, four reinforcing yarns in a row, five reinforcing yarns in a row, etc.
  • the frequency of the occurrence of reinforcing yarns as well as the number of reinforcing yarns provided at each such occurrence may depend on the desired strength properties of the fabric as well as the size of the reinforcing yarns. If a larger sized reinforcing yarn is used, only one such yarn inserted every n* end and/ or pick may provide sufficient reinforcement to the fabric. Conversely, if a smaller reinforcement yarn is used, two or more ends or picks of such yarns may be desired where reinforcing yarns are provided in the fabric. In some embodiments, the reinforcing yarns comprise 5-40% of the overall fabric weight.
  • the fabrics disclosed herein have a weight between 2- 12 ounces per square yard (“osy”), inclusive; 2-10 osy, inclusive; 2-9 osy, inclusive; 2- 8 osy, inclusive; 2-7 osy, inclusive; 2-6 osy, inclusive; 2-5 osy, inclusive; 2-4 osy, inclusive; 3-10 osy, inclusive; 3-8 osy, inclusive; 3-6 osy, inclusive; and 3-5 osy, inclusive.
  • the fabric weight is 4-10 osy, inclusive, and/ or is less than or equal to 6 osy.
  • Desired colors may be imparted in a variety of ways and with a variety of dyes to the fabrics disclosed herein.
  • the fabrics are printable and/ or dyeable with vat dyes to colors and/ or patterns that enable the fabrics to comply with various military requirements (including, but not limited to, the color, colorfastness, and IR requirements set forth in sections 3.6 and 3.8 of GL-PD-07-12 and/or sections 3.3.2, 3.3.5, and 3.3.7 of MIL-PRF-EFRCE).
  • such fabrics may be printed in compliance with the such color requirements with vat dyes using known printing techniques.
  • 100% of the fabric surface is vat dye printed.
  • other dyes and dyeing/ printing methodologies may be used to color the fabrics.
  • the fabrics contemplated herein are dyed/ printed in a solid shade devoid of pattern.
  • Fabrics that may not be - but that are capable of being - dyed and/ or printed with vat dyes to colors and/ or patterns that comply with the color, colorfastness, and IR requirements set forth in sections 3.6 and 3.8 of GL-PD-07-12 and/ or sections 3.3.2, 3.3.5, and 3.3.7 of MIL-PRF-EFRCE are intended to be covered by this patent.
  • each purchase description has different color requirements.
  • the relevant sections of each purchase description that govern the color, colorfastness and IR requirements of a particular pattern is set forth below in Table 1 (for GL-PD-07-12) and Table 2 (for MIL-PRF-EFRCE). It will be obvious to one of skill in the art that a fabric printed with a particular pattern need only satisfy the requirements specified for that particular pattern.
  • Modacrylic Blend Ripstop A 5.4 osy fabric formed of spun yarns comprising 55% modacrylic fibers, 25% non-FR nylon fibers, and 20% non-FR lyocell fibers.
  • the fabric is a plain weave with a ripstop provided every 20 th and 21 st end and every 11 th and 12 th pick.
  • High Strength Modacrylic Blend Ripstop A 5.6 osy fabric formed of spun yarns comprising 55% modacrylic fibers, 25% non-FR nylon fibers, and 20% non-FR lyocell fibers.
  • the fabric is a plain weave ripstop whereby two reinforcing yarns, each formed of a 100 denier nylon continuous filament yarn plied with a 20 singles spun yarn (the same as used in the rest of the fabric), are provided every 20 th and 21 st end and every 11 th and 12 th pick.
  • a 5.6 osy fabric formed of spun yarns comprising 55% modacrylic fibers, 25% non-FR nylon fibers, and 20% non-FR lyocell fibers.
  • the fabric is a twill weave with two reinforcing yarns, each formed of a 100 denier nylon continuous filament yarn plied with a 20 singles spun yarn (the same as used in the rest of the fabric), provided every 20 th an 21 st end and every 11 th and 12 th pick.
  • Table 3 sets forth performance data for printed versions of the Modacrylic Blend Ripstop, High Strength Modacrylic Blend Ripstop, and High Strength Modacrylic Blend Twill and compares that data against the applicable requirements of GL-PD-07-12, MIL-PRF-EFRCE, and ASTM F 1506.
  • the Modacrylic Blend Ripstop, High Strength Modacrylic Blend Ripstop, and High Strength Modacrylic Blend Twill surpass almost every required fabric property set forth in the purchase descriptions.
  • these fabrics exceed the tear strength requirements despite being of lighter weights than specified in the purchase descriptions.
  • Tear strength is a measure of the amount of force required to propagate in a fabric a tear after its initiation.
  • the tear strength of fabrics is measured pursuant to ASTM D1424 - 09 (Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling- Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus (2013 edition), incorporated by reference), and the results are reported in pounds force (lbf).
  • a slit of a specified size is cut into a fabric sample of a specified size.
  • a clamp positioned on the fabric sample on each side of the slit to support the fabric sample.
  • a weighted pendulum is released and swings down to apply a force to the fabric sample. The amount of force required to propagate the existing tear in the fabric is measured and that amount of force represents the tear strength of the fabric.
  • the tear strength of fabrics according to embodiments of the invention can be enhanced by inclusion of the reinforcing yarns (such as, e.g., stretch broken and/ or filaments yarns, as discussed above) in the fabric.
  • the reinforcing yarns such as, e.g., stretch broken and/ or filaments yarns, as discussed above.
  • This can be seen, for example, by comparing the tear strength of the Modacrylic Blend Ripstop (devoid of nylon filament yarns) against the stronger High Strength Modacrylic Blend Ripstop and High Strength Modacrylic Blend Twill, which each include nylon filament reinforcing yarns (see Table 3 above).
  • Some embodiments of the fabrics have tear strengths greater or equal to 14 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions. Some embodiments of the fabrics (particularly, but not necessarily, those having reinforcing yarns) have tear strengths greater or equal to 14 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions while being of relatively low weight (6 osy or less). Some embodiments of the fabrics (particularly, but not necessarily, those having reinforcing yarns) have tear strengths greater or equal to 16 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions.
  • Some embodiments of the fabrics have tear strengths greater or equal to 16 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions while being of relatively low weight (6 osy or less). Some embodiments of the fabrics (particularly, but not necessarily, those having reinforcing yarns) have tear strengths greater or equal to 19 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions. Some embodiments of the fabrics (particularly, but not necessarily, those having reinforcing yarns) have tear strengths greater or equal to 19 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions while being of relatively low weight (6 osy or less).
  • Some embodiments of the fabrics have tear strengths greater or equal to 21 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions. Some embodiments of the fabrics (particularly, but not necessarily, those having reinforcing yarns) have tear strengths greater or equal to 21 pounds force in one or both of the warp and fill directions while being of relatively low weight (6 osy or less).
  • inclusion of reinforcing yarns increases the tear strength of the fabric (in either or both of the warp direction and fill direction) by at least 50%; at least 60%; at least 70%; at least 80%; at least 90%; at least 100%; at least 105%; at least 120%; at least 140%; and/ or at least 170%.
  • Such improvement in tear strength can be seen by comparing the tear strength of the fabric formed only with spun body yarns against the tear strength of an otherwise identical fabric that is formed with the same spun body yarns but with reinforcing yarns as well.
  • Such improvement in tear strength can been see, for example, by comparing the tear strength results of the Modacrylic Blend Ripstop against the High Strength Modacrylic Blend Ripstop in Table 3.
  • the tear strength of the greige fabrics identified in Table 4 were tested. More specifically, four woven fabrics were formed, each with one of the body yarn types identified in Table 4.
  • the first fabric was formed with body yarns having a 65/25/10 FR rayon/ para-aramid/ nylon fiber blend.
  • the second fabric was formed with body yarns having a 93/5/2 meta-aramid/ para-aramid/ anti-static fiber blend.
  • the third fabric was formed with body yarns having a 48/37/15 modacrylic/ lyocell/ para-aramid fiber blend.
  • the fourth fabric was formed with body yarns having a 55/25/20 modacry lie/ nylon/ lyocell fiber blend and represents an embodiment of a fabric made pursuant to the present invention.
  • the fabrics were woven both without reinforcing yarns (i.e., the fabrics only included body yarns) and with identical reinforcing yarns.
  • the break or tensile strength of the body yarns and reinforcing yarns was measured (pursuant to ASTM D5034 (Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test) (2013 edition)), and the results were reported in pounds force.
  • ASTM D5034 Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test) (2013 edition)
  • the tear strength of the fabrics in the fill direction, both with and without reinforcing yarns was also measured (pursuant to ASTM D1424).
  • the results are graphically represented in Graph 1.
  • the reinforcing yarns were significantly more effective when included in a fabric having weaker body yarns.
  • the first fabric has body yarns that are significantly stronger than those of the fourth fabric.
  • inclusion of the same reinforcing yarns in each of these fabrics increased the overall tear strength of each fabric.
  • the efficacy of such reinforcing yarns in fabrics made from weaker yarns Inclusion of the reinforcing yarns in the fabric with the strongest body yarns (the first fabric) only resulted in a 16% improvement in fabric tear strength.
  • inclusion of the same reinforcing yarns in the fabric with the weakest body yarns (the fourth fabric) led to a 57% increase in fabric tear strength.
  • the tear strength of the reinforced fabric formed with the weaker yarns actually surpassed the tear strength of the reinforced fabric formed with the strongest yarns.
  • Embodiments of the fabrics disclosed herein are printable and/ or dyeable with vat dyes so as to comply with at least one of the following:
  • High Strength Modacrylic Blend Twill fabric was vat dye printed with the Class 3, Operational Camouflage Pattern (OCP) pattern specified in GL-PD-07-12, section 3.6.1.3.
  • OCP Operational Camouflage Pattern
  • Table 5 compares the colorfastness of the High Strength Modacrylic Blend Twill fabric with the OCP pattern against the colorfastness requirements for that pattern (GL-PD-07-12, section 3.6.3 and Table LB).
  • Table 6 compares the spectral or near IR reflectance of the High Strength Modacrylic Blend Twill fabric with the OCP pattern against the spectral reflectance requirements for that pattern (GL-PD-07-12, section 3.8.3 and Table II. B).
  • the High Strength Modacrylic Blend Twill fabric with the OCP pattern passed all of the applicable colorfastness and near IR reflectance requirements for that pattern.
  • Fabrics according to some embodiments of the invention are self- extinguishing, exhibit no melt or drip when exposed to a flame or thermal event, and/ or have an afterflame of less than or equal to two seconds when tested in accordance with ASTM D6413. While the char lengths of the tested fabrics failed to comply with the requirements of GL-PD-07-12 and MIL-PRF-EFRCE, fabrics according to some embodiments of the invention have a char length of 6 inches or less and of 7 inches or less, when tested pursuant to ASTM D6413.
  • Embodiments of the flame resistant fabrics disclosed herein can be used to construct the entirety of, or various portions of, a variety of protective garments for use in military applications and/ or electrical applications, including, but not limited to, combat uniforms, coveralls, jumpsuits, shirts, jackets, vests, and trousers.
  • Low weight versions (e.g., 6 osy or less) of fabrics disclosed herein may be particularly suitable for inclusion in uniforms for use in hot and hot/humid environments, such as deserts, jungles, and other tropical environments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des tissus ininflammables comprenant un mélange de fibres modacrylique, polyamide aliphatique et cellulosique. Certains modes de réalisation sont imprimés et/ou teints avec des colorants de cuve pour respecter les exigences de couleur (y compris la couleur, la solidité de la couleur, et les exigences IR) présentées dans les sections pertinentes de GL-PD-07-12 et/ou MIL-PRF-EFRCE. Certains modes de réalisation comprennent en outre des fils de renforcement qui améliorent la résistance des tissus. Encore d'autres modes de réalisation concernent des tissus ininflammables destinés à être utilisés dans des applications électriques qui respectent certaines ou toutes les exigences de ASTM F 1506.
PCT/US2016/058202 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 Tissus ininflammables, imprimables, légers appropriés pour un vêtement de protection porté dans des environnements chauds et/ou humides WO2017070529A1 (fr)

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EP16858335.9A EP3365482B1 (fr) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 Tissus ininflammables, imprimables, légers appropriés pour un vêtement de protection porté dans des environnements chauds et/ou humides
DK16858335.9T DK3365482T3 (da) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 Flammehæmmende letvægtsstoffer, som kan forsynes med tryk, og som er egnede til beskyttelsesbeklædning til anvendelse i varme og/eller fugtige omgivelser
BR112018007897A BR112018007897A2 (pt) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 tecido resistente a chamas
CN201680075322.XA CN108474147A (zh) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 适用于在热和/或潮湿环境中穿戴的防护服的轻质可印刷的阻燃织物
US15/768,142 US20180313006A1 (en) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 Lightweight, Printable Flame Resistant Fabrics Suitable for Protective Clothing Worn in Hot and/or Humid Environments
AU2016340965A AU2016340965B2 (en) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 Lightweight, printable flame resistant fabrics suitable for protective clothing worn in hot and/or humid environments
CA3001704A CA3001704C (fr) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 Tissus ininflammables, imprimables, legers appropries pour un vetement de protection porte dans des environnements chauds et/ou humides
JP2018520114A JP2018531329A (ja) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 高温および／または高湿の環境で着用される防護服に適した軽量でプリント可能な耐燃性ファブリック
PL16858335T PL3365482T3 (pl) 2015-10-21 2016-10-21 Lekkie tkaniny trudnopalne nadające się do zadruku, odpowiednie na odzież ochronną noszoną w gorącym i/lub wilgotnym środowisku
US18/454,339 US20240102212A1 (en) 2015-10-21 2023-08-23 Lightweight, Printable Flame Resistant Fabrics Suitable for Protective Clothing Worn in Hot and/or Humid Environments

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US62/244,337 2015-10-21

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US18/454,339 Continuation US20240102212A1 (en) 2015-10-21 2023-08-23 Lightweight, Printable Flame Resistant Fabrics Suitable for Protective Clothing Worn in Hot and/or Humid Environments

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WO2019157309A1 (fr) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-15 Southern Mills, Inc. Tissus ignifuges pour protection contre les éclaboussures de métal liquide
US10487424B2 (en) 2016-06-23 2019-11-26 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics having fibers containing energy absorbing and/or reflecting additives
CN112323212A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-05 江苏晨越高新材料有限公司 一种抗紫外线面料生产方法
WO2021141990A1 (fr) * 2020-01-06 2021-07-15 Coats & Clark, Inc. Tissu protecteur résistant aux éclaboussures de métal fondu
US11873587B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-01-16 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics
US11891731B2 (en) 2021-08-10 2024-02-06 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics
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CN111593459B (zh) * 2019-02-20 2023-02-03 江苏唐工纺实业有限公司 一种阻燃抗撕裂面料的生产方法

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US10487424B2 (en) 2016-06-23 2019-11-26 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics having fibers containing energy absorbing and/or reflecting additives
US11421348B2 (en) 2016-06-23 2022-08-23 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics having fibers containing energy absorbing and/or reflecting additives
US11846043B2 (en) 2016-06-23 2023-12-19 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics having fibers containing energy absorbing and/or reflecting additives
WO2019023083A1 (fr) * 2017-07-23 2019-01-31 Steve Burnett Vêtement de protection pour pompiers
WO2019157309A1 (fr) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-15 Southern Mills, Inc. Tissus ignifuges pour protection contre les éclaboussures de métal liquide
US10870932B2 (en) 2018-02-08 2020-12-22 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics for protection against molten metal splash
AU2019218103B2 (en) * 2018-02-08 2021-03-11 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics for protection against molten metal splash
US11905630B2 (en) 2019-02-22 2024-02-20 Jess Black Inc. Fire-resistant double-faced fabric of knitted construction
US11873587B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-01-16 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics
WO2021141990A1 (fr) * 2020-01-06 2021-07-15 Coats & Clark, Inc. Tissu protecteur résistant aux éclaboussures de métal fondu
CN112323212A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-05 江苏晨越高新材料有限公司 一种抗紫外线面料生产方法
US11891731B2 (en) 2021-08-10 2024-02-06 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics

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US20240102212A1 (en) 2024-03-28
AU2016340965A1 (en) 2018-05-10
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BR112018007897A2 (pt) 2018-10-30
CA3001704C (fr) 2022-08-23
EP3365482B1 (fr) 2021-12-01
US20180313006A1 (en) 2018-11-01
HUE058260T2 (hu) 2022-07-28
CN108474147A (zh) 2018-08-31
AU2016340965B2 (en) 2022-03-31
DK3365482T3 (da) 2022-02-21
EP3365482A1 (fr) 2018-08-29
JP2018531329A (ja) 2018-10-25
PL3365482T3 (pl) 2022-05-16

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