WO2017063605A1 - 一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路和方法 - Google Patents

一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路和方法 Download PDF

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WO2017063605A1
WO2017063605A1 PCT/CN2016/102282 CN2016102282W WO2017063605A1 WO 2017063605 A1 WO2017063605 A1 WO 2017063605A1 CN 2016102282 W CN2016102282 W CN 2016102282W WO 2017063605 A1 WO2017063605 A1 WO 2017063605A1
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inductor
capacitor
power supply
inductance
output
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PCT/CN2016/102282
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English (en)
French (fr)
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尤建兴
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得能创科有限公司
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Priority to US15/767,787 priority Critical patent/US20180301981A1/en
Priority to EP16854980.6A priority patent/EP3364535A4/en
Publication of WO2017063605A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017063605A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/575—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of power supply ripple suppression technologies, and in particular, to a power supply ripple suppression circuit and method based on self-coupling.
  • a driving power supply refers to converting a power supply (such as a high-voltage power frequency alternating current, that is, a commercial power supply, a low-voltage high-frequency alternating current such as an output of an electronic transformer, etc.) into a specific voltage and current to drive a device or a device to operate (for example, LED lighting). Lighting) power converter.
  • a power supply such as a high-voltage power frequency alternating current, that is, a commercial power supply, a low-voltage high-frequency alternating current such as an output of an electronic transformer, etc.
  • a ripple suppression circuit suppresses voltage and current ripple in the power supply.
  • the traditional power supply ripple suppression circuit uses inductor-capacitor filtering to obtain a small ripple effect.
  • the structure is shown in Figure 1.
  • the circuit includes an inductor L 1 , an input capacitor C in , and two output capacitors C out1 .
  • And C out2 and one end of the inductor L 1 and one end of the input capacitor C in are connected to the power input terminal V in , the other end of the inductor L 1 , one end of the output capacitor C out1 and one end of the output capacitor C out2 are connected to the power source
  • the output terminal V out , the other end of the input capacitor C in , the other end of the output capacitor C out1 and the other end of the output capacitor C out2 are grounded, wherein the resistor R eq1 and the resistor R eq2 are the output capacitor C out1 and the output capacitor C respectively The equivalent resistance of out2 .
  • Conventional power supply ripple rejection typically uses an inductor (such as inductor L 1 shown in Figure 1) and a large capacitor (such as the two parallel output capacitors C out1 and C out2 shown in Figure 1).
  • the device parameters of the circuit structure in Figure 1 are as follows: the inductance value of the inductor L 1 is approximately 470 ⁇ H to 2200 ⁇ H; the output capacitors C out1 and C out2 are usually electrolytic capacitors with a capacitance value of 2 ⁇ 4700 ⁇ F, although the electrolytic capacitor has a large capacitance.
  • the electrolytic capacitor has the disadvantages of large internal resistance, high energy consumption, easy electrolyte pollution and easy to cause safety problems, and large capacitance, high cost, and large equivalent resistance (
  • the two electric groups R eq1 and R eq2 ) respectively connected in series with the output capacitors C out1 and C out2 as shown in FIG. 1 are liable to cause a large loss in the charging and discharging operation of the circuit.
  • you do not use electrolytic capacitors that is, do not use capacitors with such large capacitance values, you need a large enough inductance, such as an inductance of 470000 ⁇ H, but the inductor is very large, resulting in an increase in the size of the circuit and the entire product and the cost. improve.
  • the conventional power supply ripple suppression circuit cannot achieve the high reliability and high efficiency of the power supply drive, and meets the requirements of small circuit size, low cost, low loss, and environmental protection and no pollution.
  • the invention aims at the problem that the existing power supply ripple suppression circuit has the advantages of large volume, high cost, high loss and high pollution caused by the electrolytic capacitor, and a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit is adopted, which adopts a special Inductor-coupled inductors, combined with balanced capacitors, enable high reliability and high efficiency power supply ripple rejection while reducing circuit size, reducing circuit losses, and meeting product cost and environmentally friendly requirements.
  • the invention further relates to a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression method.
  • a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit comprising: a coupled inductor, a balanced capacitor, an input capacitor, and an output capacitor, wherein the coupled inductor includes a first inductor and a second inductor coupled to each other and wound around the same core, The same name end of the first inductor and one end of the input capacitor are connected to the power input end, and the same end of the second inductor is connected to one end of the balance capacitor, the other end of the first inductor, the The other end of the second inductor and one end of the output capacitor are both connected to the power output, and the other end of the balanced capacitor, the other end of the input capacitor, and the other end of the output capacitor are grounded.
  • the inductance of the first inductor is less than or equal to 470 ⁇ H.
  • a square of a ratio of an inductance value of the second inductor to an inductance value of the first inductor is equal to a coupling coefficient of the first inductor and the second inductor.
  • the balancing capacitor, the input capacitor, and the output capacitor are all non-electrolytic capacitors.
  • the capacitance of the balancing capacitor ranges from 100 pF to 900 pF.
  • the capacitance of the output capacitor is less than or equal to 10 ⁇ F.
  • a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression method is characterized in that a coupling inductance is provided between an input end and an output end of a power supply, and the coupled inductor includes a first inductor and a second inductor coupled to each other and wound around the same magnetic core Connect the input end of the power supply to the same name end of the first inductor, the other end of the first inductor is connected to the power output end, the same end of the second inductor is grounded through the balance capacitor, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the power output end; After the electricity, the voltage of the first inductor is opposite to the induced voltage of the second inductor, and the current increased by the input voltage of the power input terminal on the first inductor and the current reduced by the induced voltage on the second inductor cancel each other. Achieve AC ripple rejection.
  • the balanced capacitor used is a non-electrolytic capacitor with a capacitance value ranging from 100 pF to 900 pF.
  • the inductance of the first inductor used is less than or equal to 470 ⁇ H, and the ratio of the ratio of the inductance of the second inductor to the inductance of the first inductor is equal to the coupling coefficient of the first inductor and the second inductor.
  • the invention relates to a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit, comprising a coupled inductor (a first inductor and a second inductor), a balance capacitor, an input capacitor and an output capacitor, wherein the same name end of the first inductor and one end of the input capacitor are connected to At the power input end, the same end of the second inductor is connected to one end of the balancing capacitor, the other end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor, and the output power One end of the capacitor is connected to the output end of the power supply, and the other end of the balanced capacitor, the other end of the input capacitor, and the other end of the output capacitor are grounded.
  • the circuit uses a special inductive-coupled inductor to achieve effective filtering without increasing the volume of the inductor's inductance, and uses a common core-wound inductor for efficient self-coupling, which is extremely efficient
  • the filtering effect is that when the power is turned on, the voltage of the first inductor is opposite to the induced voltage of the second inductor, and the input voltage of the input terminal of the power supply is increased on the first inductor and the induced voltage is on the second inductor.
  • the reduced currents can cancel each other out, so that the DC power supply can be completely removed by the subsequent load, and the AC ripple can be completely canceled, that is, the power supply ripple suppression is realized with high reliability and high efficiency; and the special inductor is used even if With a small capacitance value of the output capacitor, it can effectively suppress the power supply ripple, reduce the circuit volume, reduce the circuit loss and product cost; in addition, the circuit also uses a balanced capacitor to objectively create a reverse AC Ripple to offset the original ripple to achieve nearly DC power output, further achieving high reliability and high efficiency Ripple rejection.
  • the inductance values of the first inductor and the second inductor of the circuit, and the capacitance values of the balance capacitor and the output capacitor may be adjusted according to actual application requirements, and the balance capacitor, the input capacitor, and the output capacitor may be small capacitors without electrolyte.
  • the value of the non-electrolytic capacitor meets the requirements of environmental protection and pollution-free; and the use of small capacitors reduces the volume occupied by the capacitor in the circuit, thereby reducing the cost of the product, and at the same time, due to the reduction of the equivalent resistance of the output capacitor, The loss generated during the charging and discharging operation of the circuit is small, and the circuit loss is effectively reduced.
  • the invention also relates to a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression method, which corresponds to the self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit of the invention, which adopts a coupled inductor and a balanced capacitor to manufacture reverse AC ripple, and realizes communication by using self-coupling technology.
  • Ripple suppression while achieving high reliability and high efficiency power supply ripple rejection, reduces circuit size, reduces circuit losses, and meets product cost and environmentally friendly non-polluting requirements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional power supply ripple suppression circuit.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit of the present invention.
  • the invention relates to a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit.
  • the circuit structure diagram thereof is shown in FIG. 2, and includes a first inductor L 2 , a second inductor L 3 , a balance capacitor C b , an input capacitor C in and an output capacitor C.
  • the first inductor L 2 coil and the second inductor L 3 coil are wound on the same core and coupled to each other to form a coupled inductor; the same name end of the first inductor L 2 and one end of the input capacitor C in are connected to the power input terminal V in The same end of the second inductor L 3 is connected to one end of the balancing capacitor C b , and the other end of the first inductor L 2 , the other end of the second inductor L 3 and one end of the output capacitor C out are connected to the power output terminal V out
  • the other end of the balancing capacitor C b , the other end of the input capacitor C in , and the other end of the output capacitor C out are grounded.
  • the circuit uses a special inductive (ie, the coupled inductor formed by the two inductors L 2 and L 3 as shown in Figure 2) to achieve effective filtering without increasing the inductance of the inductor (ie The volume of the inductors L 2 and L 3 ), and the common core winding inductances L 2 and L 3 , the same core winding can achieve high-efficiency self-coupling of the inductors L 2 and L 3 , thereby achieving extremely effective filtering effect.
  • a special inductive ie, the coupled inductor formed by the two inductors L 2 and L 3 as shown in Figure 2
  • the same core winding can achieve high-efficiency self-coupling of the inductors L 2 and L 3 , thereby achieving extremely effective filtering effect.
  • the circuit also uses a balanced capacitor C b to objectively create a reverse AC ripple to cancel the original ripple to achieve near-DC power output, further enabling high reliability and high efficiency power supply Wave suppression.
  • the inductance of the first inductor L 2 of the circuit may be no more than 470 ⁇ H, and the square of the ratio of the inductance of the second inductor L 3 to the inductance of the first inductor L 2 is equal to the first inductor L 2 and the second
  • the balancing capacitor C b , the input capacitor C in and the output capacitor C out can be made of non-electrolytic capacitor
  • the electrolyte that is highly susceptible to environmental pollution is not used, which meets the requirements of environmental protection and pollution-free; and the capacitance of the balanced capacitor C b can range from 100 pF to 900 pF, and the capacitance of the output capacitor C out can be no more than 10 ⁇ F, and the input capacitance C when the capacitance value in the negligible, small capacitors reduces the volume occupied by the
  • the working principle of the self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit according to the present invention is as follows:
  • the rate of increase (ie, variation) ⁇ I L2 of the current can be changed, that is, it can be reduced from V L2 /L 2 to (V L2 / L 2 )*1% or less.
  • it is easy to achieve a current reduction of 1% or to 1 it is easy to achieve a current reduction of 1% or to 1 , and theoretically it can be achieved from 0.1 ⁇ to 0.01 , but considering the circuit and mass production accuracy, it is generally preferred to achieve a current reduction of 1 to 1.
  • the input current includes DC current I dc and AC current I ac , which can also be understood as AC ripple I ac mixed in DC I dc .
  • the integral is equal to 0, so V Cb is equal to a constant value, that is, the voltage on the balanced capacitor C b does not substantially change, but
  • the present invention also relates to a self-coupling power supply ripple suppression method, which corresponds to the self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit of the present invention described above, and can also be understood as implementing the self-coupling power supply ripple suppression circuit of the present invention.
  • the method provides a coupling inductor between an input end and an output end of the power source, the coupled inductor includes a first inductor and a second inductor coupled to each other and wound around the same core, and the input end of the power source is connected to the same name of the first inductor The other end of the first inductor is connected to the output end of the power supply.
  • FIG. 2 can be understood as implementing the method of the present invention.
  • the hardware circuit diagram when the power is turned on, the voltage of the first inductor is opposite to the induced voltage of the second inductor, and the input voltage of the power input terminal increases the current and the induced voltage of the first inductor in the second inductor The reduced currents cancel each other out to achieve AC ripple rejection.
  • the balanced capacitor used is a non-electrolytic capacitor and the capacitance value ranges from 100 pF to 900 pF; the inductance of the first inductor is 470 ⁇ H or less, and the ratio of the inductance of the second inductor to the inductance of the first inductor is set.
  • the square of the square is equal to the coupling coefficient K of the first inductance and the second inductance.
  • the self-coupling power supply ripple suppression method of the invention realizes AC ripple suppression by using self-coupling technology, reduces circuit volume, reduces circuit loss, and meets product cost while achieving high reliability and high efficiency power supply ripple rejection. And environmental protection and pollution-free requirements.

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Abstract

一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路和方法，该电路包括耦合电感、平衡电容（C b）、输入电容（C in）和输出电容（C out），耦合电感包括相互耦合并缠绕于同一磁芯的第一电感（L 2）和第二电感（L 3），第一电感（L 2）的同名端和输入电容（C in）的一端均连接于电源输入端（V in），第二电感（L 3）的同名端连接于平衡电容（C b）的一端，第一电感（L 2）的另一端、第二电感（L 3）的另一端和输出电容（C out）的一端均连接于电源输出端（V out），平衡电容（C b）的另一端、输入电容（C in）的另一端和输出电容（C out）的另一端均接地。采用一个特殊的感抗器—耦合电感并配合设置平衡电容（C b），实现高可靠性和高效率电源纹波抑制的同时，减小了电路体积，降低了电路损耗和产品成本，并且符合环保无污染的要求。

Description

一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电源纹波抑制技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路和方法。
背景技术
驱动电源(例如LED驱动电源)是指将电源供应(例如高压工频交流即市电，低压高频交流如电子变压器的输出等)转换为特定的电压电流以驱动设备或器件工作(例如LED发光照明)的电源转换器。在供应的电源中存在大量电源纹波，包括可以与探针耦合的高速、大信号电压和电流波形，其中尤其包括耦合自电源变压器的磁场，耦合自开关节点的电场，以及由变压器互绕电容产生的共模电流，电源纹波会造成被驱动的设备、器件或芯片的工作不稳定，长期工作不稳定易造成被驱动的设备、器件或芯片损坏，因此，在实际应用中，通常采用电源纹波抑制电路来抑制电源供应中的电压和电流纹波。
传统的电源纹波抑制电路采用电感电容滤波，以得到纹波较小的效果，其结构示意图如图1所示，该电路包括一个电感L1、一个输入电容Cin以及两个输出电容Cout1和Cout2，并且电感L1的一端和输入电容Cin的一端均连接于电源输入端Vin，电感L1的另一端、输出电容Cout1的一端和输出电容Cout2的一端均连接于电源输出端Vout，输入电容Cin的另一端、输出电容Cout1的另一端和输出电容Cout2的另一端均接地，其中，电阻Req1和电阻Req2分别为输出电容Cout1和输出电容Cout2的等效电阻。传统的电源纹波抑制通常是采用一个电感(如图1中所示的电感L1)和一个大电容(如图1中所示的两个并联的输出电容Cout1和Cout2)的方法，图1中电路结构的器件参数如下：电感L1的电感值范围大概为470μH至2200μH；输出电容Cout1和Cout2通常采用电解电容，电容值为2×4700μF，电解电容虽然具有电容量大、电容密度高的优点，但是电解电容具有内阻大、能耗高，电解液易造成污染且易引发安全性问题等缺点，并且大电容体积大、成本高，且具有较大的等效电阻(如图1中所示的分别与输出电容Cout1和Cout2串联的两个电组Req1和Req2)，在电路充放电工作时易导致较大的损耗。如果不采用电解电容，即不采用如此大电容值的电容，则需要一个足够大的电感，例如电感值为470000μH的电感，但是该电感体积非常大，导致电路乃至整个产品体积的增加及成本的提高。综上所述，传统的电源纹波抑制电路无法在实现电源驱动高可靠性和高效率的同时，满足电路体积小、成本低、损耗小以及环保无污染的要求。
发明内容
本发明针对现有的电源纹波抑制电路存在的采用电解电容导致电路体积庞大、成本高、损耗高以及极易造成污染的问题，提出了一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路，采用一个特殊的感抗器—耦合电感，并配合设置平衡电容，实现高可靠性和高效率电源纹波抑制的同时，减小了电路体积，降低了电路损耗，并且满足产品成本以及环保无污染的要求。本发明还涉及一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路，其特征在于，包括耦合电感、平衡电容、输入电容和输出电容，所述耦合电感包括相互耦合并缠绕于同一磁芯的第一电感和第二电感，所述第一电感的同名端和所述输入电容的一端均连接于电源输入端，所述第二电感的同名端连接于所述平衡电容的一端，所述第一电感的另一端、所述第二电感的另一端和所述输出电容的一端均连接于电源输出端，所述平衡电容的另一端、所述输入电容的另一端和所述输出电容的另一端均接地。
所述第一电感的电感值小于等于470μH。
所述第二电感的电感值与所述第一电感的电感值的比值的平方等于所述第一电感和第二电感的耦合系数。
所述平衡电容、输入电容和输出电容均为非电解电容。
所述平衡电容的电容值范围为100pF-900pF。
所述输出电容的电容值小于等于10μF。
一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制方法，其特征在于，在电源的输入端和输出端之间设置耦合电感，所述耦合电感包括相互耦合并缠绕于同一磁芯的第一电感和第二电感，将电源的输入端连接第一电感的同名端，第一电感的另一端连接电源输出端，第二电感的同名端通过平衡电容接地，第二电感的另一端连接电源输出端；当电源上电后，第一电感的电压与其在第二电感上的感应电压是反向的，且电源输入端输入电压在第一电感上增加的电流与感应电压在第二电感上减少的电流相互抵消以实现交流纹波抑制。
采用的平衡电容为非电解电容且电容值范围100pF-900pF。
采用的第一电感的电感值小于等于470μH，并设置第二电感的电感值与所述第一电感的电感值的比值的平方等于所述第一电感和第二电感的耦合系数。
本发明的技术效果如下：
本发明涉及一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路，包括耦合电感(第一电感和第二电感)、平衡电容、输入电容和输出电容，第一电感的同名端和输入电容的一端均连接于电源输入端，第二电感的同名端连接于平衡电容的一端，第一电感的另一端、第二电感的另一端和输出电 容的一端均连接于电源输出端，平衡电容的另一端、输入电容的另一端和输出电容的另一端均接地。该电路采用了一个特殊的感抗器—耦合电感以实现有效滤波，同时没有增大该感抗器的电感的体积，并且采用共同的磁芯缠绕电感实现高效自耦合，进而实现极大有效地滤波效果，当电源上电后，第一电感的电压与其在第二电感上的感应电压是反向的，且电源输入端输入电压在第一电感上增加的电流与感应电压在第二电感上减少的电流可以相互抵消，这样直流供电可全部由后续负载抽走，交流纹波能够完全被抵消，即实现高可靠性和高效率地电源纹波抑制；并且采用该特殊的感抗器，即使采用很小电容值的输出电容，都可以实现有效抑制电源纹波，减小了电路体积，降低了电路损耗和产品成本；此外，该电路还采用了一个平衡电容，客观地制造一个反向交流纹波以抵消原有的纹波，以实现近乎于直流的电源输出，进一步实现高可靠性和高效率地电源纹波抑制。
优选地，可以结合实际应用需要调整该电路的第一电感和第二电感的电感值，以及平衡电容和输出电容的电容值，并且平衡电容、输入电容和输出电容可以采用无电解液的小电容值的非电解电容，符合绿色环保无污染的要求；并且小电容的使用减小了电容在电路中所占的体积，进而降低了产品成本，同时由于输出电容的等效电阻的减小，因此在电路充放电工作时产生的损耗较小，有效地降低了电路损耗。
本发明还涉及一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制方法，与本发明自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路相对应，该方法采用耦合电感和平衡电容制造反向交流纹波，利用自耦合技术实现交流纹波抑制，并在实现高可靠性和高效率电源纹波抑制的同时，减小了电路体积，降低了电路损耗，并且满足产品成本以及环保无污染的要求。
附图说明
图1为传统的电源纹波抑制电路结构示意图。
图2为本发明自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行说明。
本发明涉及一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路，其电路结构示意图如图2所示，包括第一电感L2、第二电感L3、平衡电容Cb、输入电容Cin和输出电容Cout，第一电感L2线圈和第二电感L3线圈缠绕于同一磁芯并相互耦合形成耦合电感；第一电感L2的同名端和输入电容Cin的一端均连接于电源输入端Vin，第二电感L3的同名端连接于平衡电容Cb的一端，第一电感L2的另一端、第二电感L3的另一端和输出电容Cout的一端均连接于电源输出端Vout，平衡电 容Cb的另一端、输入电容Cin的另一端和输出电容Cout的另一端均接地。该电路采用了一个特殊的感抗器(即如图2中所示的两个电感L2和L3形成的耦合电感)，以实现有效滤波，同时没有增大该感抗器的电感(即电感L2和L3)的体积，并且采用共同的磁芯缠绕电感L2和L3，采用同一磁芯缠绕可以实现电感L2和L3的高效自耦合，进而实现极大有效地滤波效果，即实现高可靠性和高效率地电源纹波抑制；并且采用该特殊的感抗器，即使采用很小电容值的输出电容(即输出电容Cout)，都可以实现有效抑制电源纹波；此外，该电路还采用了一个平衡电容Cb，客观地制造一个反向交流纹波以抵消原有的纹波，以实现近乎于直流的电源输出，进一步实现高可靠性和高效率地电源纹波抑制。
优选地，该电路的第一电感L2的电感值可以不大于470μH，并且第二电感L3的电感值与第一电感L2的电感值的比值的平方等于第一电感L2和第二电感L3的耦合系数k，即(L3/L2)2＝k或L3/L2＝k1/2；平衡电容Cb、输入电容Cin和输出电容Cout可以采用非电解电容，不使用极易造成环境污染的电解液，符合绿色环保无污染的要求；并且平衡电容Cb的电容值范围可以为100pF至900pF，输出电容Cout的电容值可以不大于10μF，输入电容Cin的电容值可以忽略不计，小电容的使用减小了电容在电路中所占的体积，进而降低了产品成本，同时由于输出电容Cout的等效电阻较小，因此在电路充放电工作时产生的损耗较小，有效地降低了电路损耗。
本发明涉及的自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路的工作原理说明如下：
当电源上电后，通过电源输入端Vin输入，此时电压Vin升高，电压ΔVin会在电感L2上增加电流，电流增速(即电流变化)为ΔIL2＝VI＝VL2/L2(该公式中的VI表示速率，VL2表示电压)；在电感值L2较小情况下，增速是较大的；同时，电感L2会在电感L3上感应一个电压VL3，且VL3与VL2基本上是反向的，也就是说，如图2中所示，节点A和B之间的电压V(A, B)与节点B和C之间的电压V(B,C)是反向的，所以，当电压ΔVin在电感L2上增加电流时，感应电压VL3在电感L3上要减少电流，两者可以基本相互抵消，进而导致电路总体上电流增加有限，即ΔIL2＝ΔIL3(k＝1时，ΔIL2＝ΔIL3；k≠1时，ΔIL2＝ΔIL3*k)，进而IL2＝IL3(大小相等，方向相反)。因此，基本上可以通过调整电感L2和电感L3的值(结合耦合系数k)，改变电流的增速(即变化)ΔIL2，即可以从VL2/L2变小为(VL2/L2)*1％或更小。根据实际应用，电流变小至1％或至1‰很容易实现，且理论上至0.1‰至0.01‰也可以达到，但是考虑电路及量产精确度，一般优选地，实现电流变小至1‰。当电流的增速(即变化)ΔIL2变小至1‰时，意味着其等效电感Leq1增大至1000倍，即Leq1＝VL2/ΔIL21增大至1000倍，等效电感的增大，提高了电路滤波效果，并且在不影响纹波抑制效果的前提下可以使得电路选取电容值较小的非电解电容。
输入电流包括直流电流Idc和交流电流Iac，也可以理解为是交流纹波Iac混杂在直流Idc内，当混杂有交流纹波Iac的直流Idc供电电源上电后，通过电源输入端Vin流入节点A，进而通过电感L2至节点B，通过电感L3至节点C，并且，IL2＝-IL3，且IL2＝Iac，因此，节点B的电流为IB＝Idc+IL2+IL3＝Idc+Iac-Iac＝Idc＝Iload，即直流供电Idc全部由负载抽走，交流纹波Iac完全被抵消；此外，当交流纹波IL3通过电感L3至节点C时，会因为在电源输出端Vout的电压Vout(即在输出电容Cout上的电压Vcout)在平衡电容Cb产生一个直流部分，由于ICb的积分等于0，因此，VCb等于一个恒定的值，也即是说，平衡电容Cb上的电压不会发生实质性改变，但是会在小幅度上产生抖动。电路中的平衡电容Cb进一步抑制电路交流纹波的同时，增强了电路的稳定性和可靠性。
本发明还涉及一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制方法，该方法与上述的本发明自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路相对应，也可以理解为是实现本发明自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路的方法，该方法在电源的输入端和输出端之间设置耦合电感，该耦合电感包括相互耦合并缠绕于同一磁芯的第一电感和第二电感，将电源的输入端连接第一电感的同名端，第一电感的另一端连接电源输出端，第二电感的同名端通过平衡电容接地，第二电感的另一端连接电源输出端，可参考图2，图2可理解为是本发明方法实现的硬件电路图；当电源上电后，第一电感的电压与其在第二电感上的感应电压是反向的，且电源输入端输入电压在第一电感上增加的电流与感应电压在第二电感上减少的电流相互抵消以实现交流纹波抑制。
优选地，采用的平衡电容为非电解电容且电容值范围100pF-900pF；采用的第一电感的电感值小于等于470μH，并设置第二电感的电感值与所述第一电感的电感值的比值的平方等于所述第一电感和第二电感的耦合系数K。
本发明自耦合的电源纹波抑制方法利用自耦合技术实现交流纹波抑制，在实现高可靠性和高效率电源纹波抑制的同时，减小了电路体积，降低了电路损耗，并且满足产品成本以及环保无污染的要求。
应当指出，以上所述具体实施方式可以使本领域的技术人员更全面地理解本发明创造，但不以任何方式限制本发明创造。因此，尽管本说明书参照附图和实施例对本发明创造已进行了详细的说明，但是，本领域技术人员应当理解，仍然可以对本发明创造进行修改或者等同替换，总之，一切不脱离本发明创造的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进，其均应涵盖在本发明创造专利的保护范围当中。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制电路，其特征在于，包括耦合电感、平衡电容、输入电容和输出电容，所述耦合电感包括相互耦合并缠绕于同一磁芯的第一电感和第二电感，所述第一电感的同名端和所述输入电容的一端均连接于电源输入端，所述第二电感的同名端连接于所述平衡电容的一端，所述第一电感的另一端、所述第二电感的另一端和所述输出电容的一端均连接于电源输出端，所述平衡电容的另一端、所述输入电容的另一端和所述输出电容的另一端均接地。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电源纹波抑制电路，其特征在于，所述第一电感的电感值小于等于470μH。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电源纹波抑制电路，其特征在于，所述第二电感的电感值与所述第一电感的电感值的比值的平方等于所述第一电感和第二电感的耦合系数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电源纹波抑制电路，其特征在于，所述平衡电容、输入电容和输出电容均为非电解电容。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电源纹波抑制电路，其特征在于，所述平衡电容的电容值范围为100pF-900pF。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电源纹波抑制电路，其特征在于，所述输出电容的电容值小于等于10μF。
  7. 一种自耦合的电源纹波抑制方法，其特征在于，在电源的输入端和输出端之间设置耦合电感，所述耦合电感包括相互耦合并缠绕于同一磁芯的第一电感和第二电感，将电源的输入端连接第一电感的同名端，第一电感的另一端连接电源输出端，第二电感的同名端通过平衡电容接地，第二电感的另一端连接电源输出端；当电源上电后，第一电感的电压与其在第二电感上的感应电压是反向的，且电源输入端输入电压在第一电感上增加的电流与感应电压在第二电感上减少的电流相互抵消以实现交流纹波抑制。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电源纹波抑制方法，其特征在于，采用的平衡电容为非电解电容且电容值范围100pF-900pF。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电源纹波抑制方法，其特征在于，采用的第一电感的电感值小于等于470μH，并设置第二电感的电感值与所述第一电感的电感值的比值的平方等于所述第一电感和第二电感的耦合系数。
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CN106602850A (zh) 2017-04-26

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