WO2017057171A1 - Matériau de canal d'écoulement destiné à la séparation par membrane d'osmose directe, unité de membrane de séparation et élément de membrane de séparation - Google Patents

Matériau de canal d'écoulement destiné à la séparation par membrane d'osmose directe, unité de membrane de séparation et élément de membrane de séparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017057171A1
WO2017057171A1 PCT/JP2016/077973 JP2016077973W WO2017057171A1 WO 2017057171 A1 WO2017057171 A1 WO 2017057171A1 JP 2016077973 W JP2016077973 W JP 2016077973W WO 2017057171 A1 WO2017057171 A1 WO 2017057171A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separation
membrane
flow path
separation membrane
forward osmosis
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PCT/JP2016/077973
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
誠 小泓
康弘 宇田
友葉 岡▲崎▼
勝視 石井
孝夫 土井
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日東電工株式会社
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Publication of WO2017057171A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017057171A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • B01D63/089—Modules where the membrane is in the form of a bag, membrane cushion or pad
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a forward osmosis membrane separation channel material used for forward osmosis membrane separation that separates permeate using forward osmotic pressure, a separation membrane unit using the same, a separation membrane laminate in which this is laminated, and The present invention relates to a separation membrane element using this.
  • a membrane element with a structure different from the RO membrane used for seawater desalination, wastewater treatment, etc. is used as a forward osmosis membrane (Forward osmosis, hereinafter referred to as FO) for the semipermeable membrane separating the two liquids.
  • the DS of the pressure and the low osmotic pressure solution (Feed solution, hereinafter referred to as FS) are respectively passed through the cross flow. Due to the phenomenon of forward osmosis (FO), the salt concentration decreases near the membrane surface, which is defined as external concentration polarization on the DS side, and the salt concentration increases near the membrane surface due to the reverse transport of salt from the DS side and the FS solute on the FS side.
  • the shape of the flow path material is related to the pressure loss of the module, and the higher the pressure loss, the greater the energy consumption of the pump. For this reason, for example, in osmotic membrane power generation, the produced electric power is offset by the energy consumed by the pump, and in addition to the stirring effect, a flow path material shape having a low pressure loss is required.
  • the FO membrane in Pressure Retarded Osmosis mode such as osmotic membrane power generation
  • PRO Pressure Retarded Osmosis mode
  • the high osmotic pressure solution is on the skin layer side and the low osmosis solution
  • the pressurized solution is cross-flowed to the support layer side. This is because the power generation capacity of the turbine is determined by the product of pressure and forward osmotic flow, so if the high osmotic pressure solution is cross-flowed on the support layer side and the low osmotic pressure solution is cross-flowed on the skin layer side, the support layer side is pressurized. This is because peeling of the skin layer occurs.
  • the FO membrane in FO operation is formed of a skin layer and its support layer in the same manner as the RO membrane, the high osmotic pressure solution is cross-flowed to the support layer side, and the low osmotic pressure solution is cross-flowed to the skin layer side. It is considered desirable to operate and is operated without applying dynamic water pressure. The reason for this is that membrane fouling is likely to occur particularly on the support side of the FO membrane where the low osmotic pressure solution is cross-flowed, and the support generally has a porous structure, and contaminants smaller than the pore diameter are internal. This is because accumulation tends to occur.
  • a flow path material spacer
  • a flow path material spacer
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that the hydraulic diameter defined by 4 ⁇ (flow path cross-sectional area) / (flow path wet length) is at least 0.2 to A channel material having a channel cross section of 1.0 mm has been proposed.
  • This channel material is used for elements that do not have a single flow direction in the leaf, such as a spiral forward osmosis membrane element, and the pressure loss increases when flowing perpendicular to the groove direction of the channel material. Therefore, it is characterized by a structure in which a flow field is easily generated in all directions by calendaring or the like.
  • Patent Document 2 a laminated membrane separation device in which two flow paths in a membrane leaf can flow linearly.
  • a plurality of cylindrical sheet-shaped separation membranes with a permeate-side flow path material inserted therein are stacked at intervals, and the cylindrical sheet-shaped separation membranes are opened on two sides.
  • a permeate discharge unit is provided, and the remaining two sides are provided with a stock solution supply unit and a concentrate discharge unit.
  • This structure of the membrane separation apparatus is convenient for reducing the pressure loss because the flow path is linear.
  • the membrane separation device described in Patent Document 2 is prepared in such a manner that a cylindrical sheet-like separation membrane in which a flow path material is disposed is prepared in advance, and a plurality of these are stacked and the flow path is opened. Since it is necessary to seal a part with a sealing material, the manufacturing process of the separation membrane laminated body was very complicated.
  • the forward osmosis membrane separation flow path material described in Patent Document 1 assumes a case where the flow path in the membrane leaf is not linear, and when the flow path is straight, There was room to improve the stirring effect and pressure loss.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a flow membrane material for forward osmosis membrane separation that has a good stirring effect and pressure loss near the membrane surface even when the flow channel is linear in forward osmosis membrane separation. It is in.
  • Another object of the present invention is that in the forward osmosis membrane separation, the stirring effect and pressure loss in the vicinity of the membrane surface by the flow path material are good, and the separation membrane laminate can be easily produced, and the handling property is also good.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a separation membrane unit, a laminate thereof, and a separation membrane element using the same, which are favorable and can simplify the structure for forming a flow path.
  • the forward osmosis membrane separation channel material of the present invention has a network structure including resin fibers in two directions, the resin fibers intersect at an intersection angle of 40 to 90 degrees, and a thickness of 0.1 to 1 0.0 mm.
  • the stirring effect and pressure loss near the membrane surface Will be good.
  • the linear flow velocity increases when the flow rate is the same (the pump discharge flow rate is constant), the stirring effect is increased by the shearing force, and external concentration polarization can be reduced.
  • the intersection angle is smaller than 90 degrees, the pressure loss can be particularly improved.
  • the arrangement density of the resin fibers in the two directions is preferably 5 to 50 / 2.54 cm. Such an arrangement density can particularly improve the pressure loss.
  • the forward osmosis membrane separation channel material of the present invention is a forward osmosis membrane used by being disposed in the high osmotic pressure side channel or the low osmotic pressure side channel of the forward osmosis membrane in wastewater treatment or seawater desalination due to the above-described effects. It is useful as a separation channel material. For the same reason, it is useful as a channel material for separating a normal osmosis membrane used by being disposed in a high osmotic pressure side channel of a forward osmosis membrane in osmosis membrane power generation.
  • the separation membrane unit of the present invention includes a partition member having a first channel recess on one surface and a second channel recess on the other surface, and the first channel recess or the second channel recess.
  • a separation membrane unit for separating a forward osmosis membrane comprising: a sheet-like separation membrane disposed so as to cover the channel; and a channel material disposed in the first channel recess and / or the second channel recess.
  • at least one of the channel materials is the channel material for forward osmosis membrane separation according to claim 1 or 2.
  • the separation membrane unit of the present invention since the channel material of the present invention is used, in the forward osmosis membrane separation, the stirring effect and pressure loss near the membrane surface by the channel material are good. Further, the first flow path recesses form the first flow path so as to be in contact with both surfaces of the sheet-shaped separation film by simply laminating a plurality of the partition wall members and the sheet-shaped separation films alternately, and the second flow path recesses A second flow path is formed. At that time, the first channel and the second channel can be communicated with the end surface of the laminate by the first channel recess and the second channel recess.
  • the partition member has a function of reinforcing the laminated body, the handling of the laminated body is improved, and the flow path is opened at the end face of the strong laminated body, so that the structure for forming the flow path can be simplified. Can be formed.
  • a separation membrane unit capable of simplifying the structure for forming can be provided.
  • the flow path direction of the first flow path recess and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess intersect at an angle of 60 to 120 °. According to such a structure, the 1st flow path and 2nd flow path of a laminated body can be arrange
  • the sheet-like separation membrane has a shape having four sides, the first channel recess is arranged in a direction along two opposite sides of the sheet-like separation membrane, and the remaining second channel recess is opposed. It is preferable that it is arranged in a direction along the two sides. According to such a structure, the first flow path and the second flow path of the laminated body can be arranged to be open on the two opposite sides of the four sides and the remaining two sides. The structure for forming is also simpler.
  • the separation membrane laminated body for forward osmosis membrane separation of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated.
  • the separation membrane laminate of the present invention since it is formed by the separation membrane unit having the above-described effects, it can be easily manufactured, has good handling properties, and has a simple structure for forming a flow path.
  • the separation membrane laminate can be provided.
  • a separation membrane element for separating a forward osmosis membrane includes a separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated, and both sides of a first flow path recess of the separation membrane laminate. Forming a first space portion communicating with the first cover member having a first liquid supply / discharge port, and forming a second space portion communicating from both sides with the second flow path recess of the separation membrane laminate, And a second cover member having a supply / discharge port for the second liquid.
  • the separation membrane laminate can be easily manufactured, the handling property is good, and the structure for forming the flow path using the first cover member and the second cover member is also simple. It will be something.
  • a separation membrane element for separating a forward osmosis membrane includes a separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated, the separation membrane laminate, and a side wall portion and a bottom surface.
  • a housing having a portion and an upper surface portion, wherein the housing has two first space portions communicating between the inner surface and the end surface of the laminate from both sides of the first flow path recess,
  • the second channel recess has two second spaces communicating from both sides, the first liquid supply / discharge port provided in each of the first spaces, and the second space provided in each of the second spaces.
  • a second liquid supply / discharge port is a separation membrane laminate in which a plurality of the separation membrane units described above are laminated, the separation membrane laminate, and a side wall portion and a bottom surface.
  • the separation membrane stack is accommodated, and the two first space portions that communicate with the first channel from both sides, and the two second space portions that communicate with the second channel from both sides, Are formed in the housing, the members for forming the four spaces are not required individually. Further, since the housing is formed by the side wall portion, the bottom surface portion, and the top surface portion, the housings can be brought close to each other and stacked. As a result, it can be easily manufactured with a small number of parts, and space efficiency can be improved by using a plurality of stacked layers.
  • the channel material for forward osmosis membrane separation of the present invention is a channel material used for forward osmosis membrane separation.
  • forward osmosis membrane separation include forward osmosis membrane separation using forward osmosis, such as wastewater treatment, pretreatment for seawater desalination or concentrated water treatment, and osmosis membrane power generation.
  • a forward osmosis membrane for performing forward osmosis membrane separation is used, and the flow path material is used by being disposed in a high osmotic pressure side flow path or a low osmotic pressure side flow path of the forward osmosis membrane.
  • the channel material is used for the purpose of securing the channel and obtaining a stirring effect near the membrane surface, but the low osmotic pressure side channel of the osmotic membrane power generation has a support function for suppressing the depression of the forward osmosis membrane. Necessary.
  • the forward osmosis membrane separation channel material of the present invention is used by being disposed in the high osmotic pressure side channel or the low osmotic pressure side channel of the forward osmosis membrane in wastewater treatment or seawater desalination, or osmosis It is preferable that the membrane is used by being disposed in a high osmotic pressure side channel of a forward osmosis membrane in membrane power generation.
  • the forward osmosis membrane separation channel material of the present invention has a network structure including resin fibers 13a and 13b in two directions as shown in FIGS.
  • the network structure includes a net, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and the like.
  • the two-direction resin fibers 13a and 13b may not be joined together, but are preferably joined by adhesion, fusion, or the like.
  • a net obtained by simultaneously extruding and fusing the two-direction resin fibers 13a and 13b is preferably used.
  • the resin fibers 13a and 13b may be multifilaments, but monofilaments are preferable from the viewpoint of reducing pressure loss.
  • Examples of the cross-sectional shape of the resin fibers 13a and 13b include a circular shape and an elliptical shape, but those having an elliptical cross-sectional shape are preferable from the viewpoint of improving strength while reducing the thickness t.
  • the major axis / minor axis ratio is preferably 1.1 to 3.0, more preferably 1.5 to 2.0. At this time, it is preferable that the long diameter is arranged parallel to the flow path member 13.
  • the intersection angle ⁇ between the resin fibers 13a and 13b is preferably 40 to 90 degrees, and more preferably 55 to 75 degrees.
  • One of the resin fibers 13a and 13b is preferably arranged in parallel to the flow path from the viewpoint of reducing pressure loss. Further, from the viewpoint of reducing the pressure loss, it is preferable that both of the resin fibers 13a and 13b are arranged to be inclined from the direction of the flow path.
  • the inclination angle (intersection angle with respect to the fluid flow direction) at this time is preferably 20 to 45 degrees.
  • the thickness t of the flow path member 13 is 0.1 to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.2 to 0.8 mm, and more preferably 0.25 to 0.6 mm.
  • the diameter or short diameter of the resin fibers 13a and 13b is preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably 100 to 400 ⁇ m.
  • the arrangement density (number of strands) of the resin fibers 13a and 13b is preferably 5 to 50 / 2.54 cm, and more preferably 7 to 15 / 2.54 cm.
  • the arrangement density means the number of resin fibers arranged in a width of about 2.54 cm in a cross section perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the fibers.
  • Examples of the material of the resin fibers 13a and 13b include materials mainly composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene ether, polycarbonate, and nylon.
  • resin fiber 13a, 13b when it uses for the flow path where progress of fouling is predicted, resin fiber 13a, 13b contains an antibacterial agent, and uses the material currently disperse
  • the separation membrane unit of the present invention is used for forward osmosis membrane separation.
  • the separation membrane unit of the present invention includes a partition member 12 having a first channel recess 12d on one surface and a second channel recess 12e on the other surface, and a first channel recess. 12d or the sheet-like separation membrane 10 disposed so as to cover the second flow path recess 12e, and the flow path material 13 described above includes the first flow path recess 12d and / or the second flow path recess. 12e.
  • the flow path material 13 of the present invention described above is disposed in the first flow path recess 12d
  • the flow path material 14 is provided in the second flow path recess 12e.
  • the material constituting the partition member 12 may be any of resin, metal, ceramics, etc., but resin is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of molding and manufacturing cost.
  • the resin include a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin, and a heat resistant resin.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include ABS resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylic resin, fluororesin, polyester, and polyamide.
  • heat resistant resin examples include polysulfone, polyethersulfone, aromatic polyimide, polyamide, and polyester.
  • thermosetting resin examples include epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, phenol resins, amino resins, polyurethane resins, silicone resins, and thermosetting polyimide resins. Of these, thermoplastic resins such as ABS resin and vinyl chloride resin are preferably used. These resins can be appropriately selected depending on the type of separation membrane and the use of the unit.
  • the long side is 200 to 1000 mm
  • the short side is 200 to 1000 mm
  • the height is about 20 to 500 mm.
  • the flow path direction of the first flow path recess 12d formed in the partition wall member 12 and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess 12e may be the same or different, but the flow path of the first flow path recess 12d Direction and the flow path direction of the second flow path recess 12e preferably intersect at an angle of 60 to 120 °, more preferably at an angle of 80 to 100 °, and at an angle of 90 °. Most preferably, they intersect. In the present embodiment, an example in which the two intersect at an angle of 90 ° is shown.
  • the flow path directions of the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e may be any direction with respect to each side of the partition wall member 12, but the sheet-like separation membrane 10 or the partition wall
  • the first channel recess 12d is arranged in a direction along two opposing sides of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 or the like, and the remaining two sides facing the second channel recess 12e. It is preferable that it is arranged in the direction along.
  • the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are formed over two opposing sides of the partition wall member 12, so that the first flow path or the second flow is formed on the end surface of the laminate of the separation membrane units.
  • a path opening can be formed.
  • the separation membrane unit is From the viewpoint of liquid tightness at the time of lamination, the width is preferably 1 to 30 mm, more preferably 5 to 20 mm.
  • the depth of the first flow path recess 12d or the second flow path recess 12e is determined according to the thickness of the flow path materials 13 and 14.
  • the depth of the first flow path recess 12d or the second flow path recess 12e is preferably 0.1 to 2 mm, and more preferably 0.2 to 1 mm.
  • a forward osmosis membrane is used, but a nanofiltration membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane, a dialysis membrane, or the like may be used as it is.
  • a forward osmosis membrane a composite semipermeable membrane can be used as in the case of a reverse osmosis membrane, but a structure having a lower pressure resistance than a reverse osmosis membrane, that is, a structure having a sparse support layer, etc. Can be used.
  • the sheet-like separation membrane 10 a material corresponding to the type of the membrane can be selected.
  • the porous support layer is a porous membrane formed of polysulfone, polyethersulfone, epoxy resin, polyamide, polyimide, or the like.
  • a nonwoven fabric formed of polyester, polyamide, polyolefin or the like is used.
  • the sheet-like separation membrane 10 has a case where the separation active layer is disposed on the high osmotic pressure DS side and a case where the separation active layer is disposed on the low osmotic pressure FS side. Is called the FO mode.
  • the separation active layer examples include those formed of polyamide, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, vinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride-polyacrylonitrile copolymer, epoxy resin, polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like. It is also possible to use a single-layer separation membrane formed of these materials.
  • the thickness of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is preferably 0.01 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.02 to 0.3 mm.
  • the above-described forward osmosis membrane separation channel material of the present invention is used.
  • the second channel material 14 the forward osmosis membrane separation channel material of the present invention described above can be used as in the first channel material 13.
  • the second flow path member 14 a net made of resin or the like, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like is preferably used, and the opening shape of the net is a triangle, a rectangle (rhombus, square, rectangle, parallelogram, etc.). ) And hexagons.
  • the thickness of the net is, for example, 0.12 to 2 mm.
  • the net yarn diameter constituting the net is, for example, 0.06 to 1 mm.
  • the net aperture ratio is 70 to 95%.
  • Examples of the material of the second flow path material 14 include materials mainly composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene ether, polycarbonate, and nylon.
  • the partition wall member 12 and the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are preferably fixed at any part. From the viewpoint of enhancing liquid tightness, the end portions 12a on both sides of the partition wall member 12 are used. It is more preferable that the sheet-like separation membrane 10 is fixed.
  • the partition wall member 12 and the flow path materials 13 and 14 are separate. However, it is preferable that it is fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10 at any site from the viewpoint of handling properties.
  • the partition member 12 is molded, it is possible to fix part of the flow path members 13 and 14 or to mold both of them integrally.
  • first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e are respectively provided on the front and back of the partition wall member 12
  • a plurality of second flow path recesses 12e may be provided on the front and back of the partition wall member 12, respectively. Even in the case of such a structure, the channel material can be omitted. It is also possible to provide a channel material in each of the plurality of first channel recesses 12d and second channel recesses 12e.
  • the shape of the partition wall member 12 in plan view is a rectangle, but the shape of the partition wall member 12 in plan view may be any shape, and may be any rectangle, pentagon, or hexagon other than a rectangle. Alternatively, it may be circular or elliptical. That is, in the present invention, the opening of the flow path formed on the end face of the partition wall member 12 may not be linear.
  • the separation membrane laminate of the present invention is used for forward osmosis membrane separation.
  • the separation membrane laminate of the present invention is obtained by laminating a plurality of separation membrane units U as described above.
  • the first flow path opens to two opposite sides of the laminate 11 and communicates from one end surface to one surface of the sheet-like separation membrane 10.
  • P1 and a second flow path P2 that opens to the remaining two sides of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 and communicates from the end surfaces on both sides to the other surface of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 can be formed.
  • the number of separation membrane units U in the separation membrane laminate 11 is, for example, 2 to 200, and preferably 20 to 100.
  • the laminate 11 includes a plurality of sheet-like separation membranes 10 having four sides, a plurality of first flow passage members 13 arranged on the first flow passage side of the sheet-like separation membrane 10, and a second flow passage side.
  • the separation membrane units U When stacking, it is necessary to fix the separation membrane units U together so that the first flow path P1 and the second flow path P2 communicating with both surfaces of the separation membrane unit U do not circulate with each other. Therefore, the end portions 12a on both sides provided on one surface in the vicinity of the two opposing sides of the partition wall member 12 and the end portions of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are fixed so as to be liquid-tight. Moreover, the edge part 12a of the both sides provided in the other surface of the vicinity of the remaining two opposite sides and the edge part of the sheet-like separation membrane 10 are fixed so as to be liquid-tight.
  • edge part 12a provided in four places of the partition member 12 is being fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10 over the full length, and the edge part 12a provided in four places is the substantially whole surface. More preferably, it is fixed to the sheet-like separation membrane 10.
  • the separation membrane units U in which the sheet-like separation membrane 10 and the partition member 12 are integrated may be fixed together by adhesion or the like, but the adjacent partition member 12 with the sheet-like separation membrane 10 interposed therebetween. They may be fixed in a liquid-tight state by bonding or the like.
  • the separation membrane laminate of the present invention may be a laminate in which a plurality of separation membrane units U are not fixed to each other and are laminated separately.
  • the partition members 12 arranged on both the uppermost and lowermost sides of the laminate 11 have a function as the outer wall plate 18, and the first flow path recess 12 d and the second flow path are formed on the uppermost surface and the lowermost surface.
  • the channel recess 12e is not provided.
  • an outer wall plate 18 that does not have the first flow path recess 12d and the second flow path recess 12e may be separately provided on both sides.
  • the separation membrane element of the present invention is used for forward osmosis membrane separation, and includes a separation membrane laminate 11 in which a plurality of separation membrane units U as described above are laminated.
  • the separation membrane stacked body 11 is preferably formed by fixing the separation membrane units U to each other, but may be a plurality of separated membrane units U stacked together without being fixed to each other. Even in this case, it is possible to maintain the liquid tightness between the flow paths by bringing the separation membrane laminates 11 into close contact with each other by a housing or the like.
  • the separation membrane element of the present embodiment includes the separation membrane laminate 11 and first space portions 21 a and 21 b that communicate with the first flow path recess 12 d of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides.
  • the first cover members 31a and 31b having the first liquid supply / discharge ports 23a to 23b and the second space portions 22a and 22b communicating with the second flow path recess 12e of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides are formed.
  • second cover members 32a and 32b having second liquid supply / discharge ports 24a to 24b.
  • Examples of the material of the first cover members 31a and 31b and the second cover members 32a and 32b include resins such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, and polypropylene, fiber reinforced resins obtained by reinforcing various resins with fibers such as glass, aluminum, and copper. Metals, ceramics, etc. can be used, but fiber reinforced resins are most preferred.
  • the first cover members 31a and 31b and the second cover members 32a and 32b can be fixed to the end face of the separation membrane laminate 11 by adhesion or the like. In addition, it is also possible to use what integrated one part or all of 1st cover member 31a, 31b and 2nd cover member 32a, 32b.
  • a pipe for supplying and discharging the first liquid or the second liquid is connected to the supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b through a connecting member as necessary.
  • a low-concentration liquid for example, fresh water FW, liquid to be treated FS, etc.
  • the high concentration liquid for example, seawater SW, draw solution DS, etc.
  • the element can be used for forward osmosis membrane separation.
  • the raw liquid is supplied from the supply / discharge port 24a and the permeate separated by the separation membrane is discharged from the supply / discharge port 23b while discharging the concentrate from the supply / discharge port 24b. It becomes possible to do. At this time, it is also possible to perform membrane separation while supplying the sweep flow from the supply / discharge port 23a.
  • cylindrical second cover member 32c can form the second space portions 22a and 22b communicating with the second flow path recess 12e of the separation membrane laminate 11 from both sides.
  • first space member communicated from both sides to the first flow path recess 12d of the separation membrane laminate 11 by the flat plate-like first cover members 31a and 31b provided at both ends of the cylindrical second cover member 32c. 21a and 21b can be formed.
  • the separation membrane element of the present invention houses a laminate 11 in which a plurality of separation membrane units U are laminated, the laminate 11, and includes a side wall portion 35 and a bottom portion 36.
  • the housing 30 which has the upper surface part 37 may be provided.
  • the illustrated example shows an example in which the side wall 35 of the housing 30 is cylindrical.
  • resins such as vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, and polypropylene
  • fiber reinforced resins obtained by reinforcing various resins with fibers such as glass, metals such as aluminum and copper, ceramics, and the like can be used. Is most preferred.
  • the housing 30 is formed by integrally molding the side wall portion 35 and the bottom surface portion 36, and after housing the laminate 11, the upper surface portion 37 is bonded, welded, or the like to join the supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b.
  • the part other than can be made into a liquid-tight structure.
  • Two second spaces 22a and 22b are provided.
  • the separation membrane element is used, the first liquid and the second liquid are filled in the first space 21a and 21b and the second space 22a and 22b, respectively, as necessary.
  • the housing 30 may be of a size that can accommodate the laminate 11, but the effective membrane area can be reduced by making the corner of the laminate 11 close to the inner surface of the side wall portion 35. It is preferable from the viewpoint of easily sealing the corner while increasing the number. In that case, the inner surface of the side wall portion 35 and the corner portion of the laminated body 11 can be sealed with a sealing resin, but an elastic body (not shown) is interposed between the two and adjacent to each other. The space portions may be sealed.
  • a method of sealing the bottom surface and the bottom surface portion 36 of the laminated body 11 by adhesion, or a method of sealing using a sealing material made of an elastic body can be mentioned.
  • the sealing between the upper surface of the laminated body 11 and the upper surface portion 37 can be similarly performed.
  • the elastic body rubber, thermoplastic elastomer or the like can be used, and the cross-sectional shape is preferably L-shaped or U-shaped so that it can be easily circumscribed on the corner of the laminate 11. Moreover, it is also possible to use an elastic body having a shape that circumscribes all the sides (12 sides) of the laminate 11. Thereby, a seal
  • the housing 30 includes first liquid supply / discharge ports 23a, 23b provided in the first spaces 21a, 21b, and second liquid supply / discharge ports 24a, 24b provided in the second spaces 22a, 22b, respectively. And having.
  • the first liquid supply / discharge ports 23 a and 23 b of the housing 30 are provided in the bottom surface portion 36 and the top surface portion 37
  • the second liquid supply and discharge ports 24 a and 24 b are provided in the bottom surface portion 36 and the top surface portion 37.
  • These supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b can supply and discharge the liquid using a connected pipe.
  • the first space portions 21a and 21b and the second space portions 22a and 22b are respectively provided with two upper and lower supply / discharge ports 23a to 24b.
  • the upper and lower supply / exhaust ports 23a to 24b that is closed at the top and bottom.
  • the shape of the housing 30 in plan view may be any.
  • it may be a polygon such as an ellipse, an octagon, a square, a diamond, or a hexagon.
  • Example 1 Using a test cell with a membrane area of 232 cm 2 , in the PRO mode of FO operation, flow path materials with different thicknesses and angles and forward osmosis membranes (manufactured by Nitto Denko, developed product, thickness of about 50 ⁇ m and porosity of about 45%) A polyamide skin layer was formed on an epoxy porous membrane), the average concentration of Draw solution was 28,000 ppm NaCl, the linear velocity was unified to 0.01 m / sec, and the flux was measured at 20 ° C.
  • the channel material is a diamond type and the following six types are used, and the flux value in each channel material is described.
  • Example 2 Using a test cell with a membrane area of 56 cm 2 , with PRO operation (pressure difference 1 MPa), flow path materials with different thicknesses and forward osmosis membranes (Nitto Denko, developed product, with a thickness of about 50 ⁇ m and a porosity of about 45% Set an epoxy porous layer on a porous epoxy membrane), set the average concentration of Draw solution to 28,000 ppm NaCl, change the linear velocity, and perform flux measurement at 20 ° C. The power generation capacity was calculated from the relationship.
  • the channel material is a diamond type, and the following three types are used. The power generation capacity of each channel material is shown in FIG.
  • the stirrer effect can be expected as the obtuse angle.
  • no difference was found in the difference between the intersection angles of 73 ° and 107 °.
  • the laminated module does not wind up with tension, so it can be modularized even if the angle is set to an acute angle or the pitch is widened to deteriorate the rigidity of the channel material. .
  • Sheet Separation Membrane 11 Laminate (Separation Membrane Laminate) 12 Partition member 12d First channel recess 12e Second channel recess 13 First channel material (channel material for forward osmosis membrane separation) 13a, 13b Resin fiber 14 Second flow path material 21a, 21b First space 22a, 22b Second space 23a, 23b First liquid supply / discharge port 24a, 24b Second liquid supply / discharge port 30 Housing 35 Side wall 36 bottom surface portion 37 upper surface portion P1 first flow path P2 second flow path U separation membrane unit ⁇ intersection angle t thickness of flow path material

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau de canal d'écoulement destiné à la séparation par membrane d'osmose directe, qui fournit un bon effet d'agitation et une propriété favorable de perte de charge au voisinage d'une surface de membrane dans une séparation par membrane d'osmose directe même dans le cas où le canal d'écoulement serait de configuration rectiligne. Un autre objectif de la présente invention est de fournir une unité de membrane de séparation, un stratifié de celle-ci, et un élément de membrane de séparation l'utilisant, tous ceux-ci fournissant un bon effet d'agitation et une propriété favorable de perte de charge au voisinage de la surface de membrane dans une séparation par membrane d'osmose directe, et permettent en outre une production aisée d'un stratifié de membrane de séparation, sont faciles à manipuler et permettent à un canal d'écoulement d'être formé en une structure simplifiée. Le matériau de canal d'écoulement destiné à la séparation par membrane d'osmose directe selon la présente invention possède une épaisseur t de 0,1 à 1,0 mm et possède une structure à motifs en réseau comprenant des fibres de résine (13a, 13b) orientées dans deux directions, les fibres de résine (13a, 13b) se croisant mutuellement selon un angle de croisement α de 40 à 90 degrés.
PCT/JP2016/077973 2015-09-30 2016-09-23 Matériau de canal d'écoulement destiné à la séparation par membrane d'osmose directe, unité de membrane de séparation et élément de membrane de séparation WO2017057171A1 (fr)

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JP2015193194A JP2017064629A (ja) 2015-09-30 2015-09-30 正浸透膜分離用流路材、分離膜ユニット及び分離膜エレメント

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CN109012205A (zh) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-18 山东九章膜技术有限公司 一种产水隔网、卷制方法以及反渗透膜元件
CN112165982A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2021-01-01 日东电工株式会社 流路间隔物和螺旋型膜元件
CN112610433A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-04-06 南京工业大学 基于多孔介质的正向渗透-电动盐差能高效连续发电装置

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JP7341719B2 (ja) * 2019-05-13 2023-09-11 国立大学法人高知大学 排水処理装置及び排水処理装置の製造方法

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US20140175011A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Porifera, Inc. Separation systems, elements, and methods for separation utilizing stacked membranes and spacers
WO2014150475A1 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Oasys Water, Inc. Modules de membrane
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CN112165982A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2021-01-01 日东电工株式会社 流路间隔物和螺旋型膜元件
CN112165982B (zh) * 2018-05-18 2022-11-11 日东电工株式会社 流路间隔物和螺旋型膜元件
CN109012205A (zh) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-18 山东九章膜技术有限公司 一种产水隔网、卷制方法以及反渗透膜元件
CN109012205B (zh) * 2018-08-23 2020-11-13 山东九章膜技术有限公司 一种产水隔网、卷制方法以及反渗透膜元件
CN112610433A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-04-06 南京工业大学 基于多孔介质的正向渗透-电动盐差能高效连续发电装置

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