WO2017047220A1 - 多官能性重合体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
多官能性重合体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
- C08F265/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of esters
- C08F265/06—Polymerisation of acrylate or methacrylate esters on to polymers thereof
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F20/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
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- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/58—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with silicon, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth or compounds thereof
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/227—Catalysts containing metal compounds of antimony, bismuth or arsenic
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6216—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or of derivatives thereof
- C08G18/622—Polymers of esters of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids
- C08G18/6225—Polymers of esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid
- C08G18/6229—Polymers of hydroxy groups containing esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid with aliphatic polyalcohols
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/81—Unsaturated isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/8108—Unsaturated isocyanates or isothiocyanates having only one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
- C08G18/8116—Unsaturated isocyanates or isothiocyanates having only one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group esters of acrylic or alkylacrylic acid having only one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D175/16—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06
- C09J133/066—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09J133/06 containing -OH groups
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- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J175/16—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C08F2800/00—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed
- C08F2800/20—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed as weight or mass percentages
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- C08G2190/00—Compositions for sealing or packing joints
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- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/14—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C08J2375/16—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyfunctional polymer suitable as a raw material for a composition used for an adhesive (adhesive), a sealant, a paint, and the like, and a method for producing the same.
- a photocurable composition that can be cured by light irradiation has been widely used for forming a film portion, a coating portion, or a printing portion.
- a polyfunctional polymer having a polymerizable unsaturated group in the side chain through a urethane bond may be used.
- a method for producing a polyfunctional polymer a method of reacting a polymer having a hydroxyl group with a monomer having an isocyanate group using an organotin compound as a catalyst was suitable (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). .
- organotin compounds are considered to have an impact on the human body and the environment, and their use is restricted by REACH regulations, and in particular, in the electronic materials field and the semiconductor manufacturing field, they are becoming strict.
- a method using a compound other than the organic tin compound as a catalyst a method using a titanium complex, a zirconium complex or the like as a catalyst is known (for example, see Patent Document 3).
- the object of the present invention is to react a polymer having a hydroxyl group with a monomer having an isocyanate group and a polymerizable unsaturated bond without using a harmful organotin compound, and to form a urethane bond and a polymerizable unsaturated bond.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing a polyfunctional polymer having a side chain.
- the inventors of the present invention have a catalyst instead of an organotin compound that has been widely used as a catalyst for forming a urethane bond, and a polymerizable unsaturated bond in the side chain via a urethane bond, using this catalyst.
- the manufacturing method of the polyfunctional polymer was examined. As a result, it was found that bismuth carboxylate is suitable.
- Polymerizable unsaturated bond means an ethylenically unsaturated bond having radical polymerizability.
- the “structural unit having a hydroxyl group in the side chain” is a structural unit having a side chain branched from the main chain, in which the hydroxyl group contained in the side chain is directly or other atom or carbon atom constituting the main chain. It is a structural unit connected through an atomic group.
- the “structural unit having a urethane bond in the side chain” is a structural unit having a side chain branched from the main chain, and the urethane bond contained in the side chain is directly or other than the carbon atom constituting the main chain.
- (Meth) acryl means acryl and methacryl
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate and methacrylate
- (meth) acryloyl means acryloyl and methacryloyl.
- “Radiation” is a general term for ionizing radiation such as light such as ultraviolet rays, laser, or electron beam.
- the present invention is a method for producing a polyfunctional polymer containing a structural unit having a urethane bond and a polymerizable unsaturated bond in the side chain, wherein the structural unit has a hydroxyl group in the side chain in the presence of bismuth carboxylate ( It comprises a reaction step of reacting a polymer (P) containing a) with a monomer (M) having an isocyanate group and a polymerizable unsaturated bond.
- this invention is a polyfunctional polymer obtained by the said manufacturing method.
- a polyfunctional polymer can be produced efficiently.
- the obtained polyfunctional polymer is suitable as a raw material for a composition used for a pressure-sensitive adhesive (adhesive), a sealant, a paint, and the like.
- the method for producing a polyfunctional polymer in the present invention is a method for producing a polyfunctional polymer containing a structural unit having a urethane bond and a polymerizable unsaturated bond in the side chain, and in the presence of bismuth carboxylate, a hydroxyl group
- a reaction step of reacting a polymer (P) containing a structural unit (a) having a side chain with a monomer (M) having an isocyanate group and a polymerizable unsaturated bond By this reaction step, a reaction mixture containing a polyfunctional polymer is obtained. Thereafter, if necessary, a purification step (described later) for purifying the polyfunctional polymer can be provided.
- the polymer (P) is a polymer containing a structural unit having a hydroxyl group in the side chain (hereinafter referred to as “structural unit (a)”), and may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer. Further, the polymer (P) may be a copolymer further containing another structural unit (hereinafter referred to as “structural unit (b)”).
- the content of the hydroxyl group contained in the polymer (P) is preferably 0.02 to 10 mmol, more preferably 0.02 to 6 mmol, still more preferably 0.02 to 3 mmol per 1 g of the polymer (P). .
- the content of the structural unit (a) contained in the polymer (P) is preferably 1 to 40% by mass when the total of all the structural units constituting the polymer (P) is 100% by mass. More preferably, it is 1 to 20% by mass, and still more preferably 1 to 10% by mass.
- the structural unit (a) is a structural unit having a hydroxyl group in a side chain, and is a structural unit derived from a hydroxyl group-containing monomer (described later).
- the number of side chains contained in one structural unit is not particularly limited, and may be one or two or more. When it has a plurality of side chains, it suffices that at least one side chain contains a hydroxyl group.
- the number of hydroxyl groups contained in the structural unit (a) is not particularly limited.
- structural unit (a) examples include a structural unit represented by the general formula (1) (hereinafter referred to as “structural unit (a-1)”). (Wherein R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 2 is a hydroxyl group-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms in which at least one of the hydrogen atoms is substituted with a hydroxyl group.)
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 is a hydroxyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the hydrocarbon group is a hydroxyl group.
- a structural unit which is a hydroxyl group-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which is substituted with is particularly preferable.
- Such structural units include, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate, ( It can be formed by hydroxyalkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid such as 8-hydroxyoctyl (meth) acrylate and (4-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl) methyl (meth) acrylate.
- the structural unit (a) other than the structural unit (a-1) is a structural unit having a side chain branched from the main chain, and further has a urethane bond and a polymerizable non-polymerizable group on the side chain having a hydroxyl group.
- the hydroxyl group contained in the side chain may or may not be at the end of the side chain.
- a structural unit having a functional group other than a hydroxyl group can be used, and a polymerizable unsaturated bond, ester bond, urethane bond, ether bond, hydrocarbon group, oxazoline group, carboxyl group, amino group. It can be a structural unit containing a group, an amide group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, an epoxy group, or the like.
- Such structural units include, for example, (meth) acrylic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (Meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isononyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (Meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, isostearyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, adamantyl (meth)
- Acrylic compounds such as: vinyl acetate, allyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl pivalate, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, and other aliphatic vinyl compounds; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, o-methylstyrene, p -Aromatic vinyl compounds such as methyl styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, ethyl styrene, p-tert-butyl styrene, vinyl toluene, vinyl xylene, vinyl naphthalene, vinyl benzoate; acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ethacrylonitrile It can be formed by ⁇ - ethyl acrylonitrile, vinyl cyanide compounds such as ⁇ - isopropyl acrylonitrile.
- the monomer (M) is a compound having an isocyanate group and a polymerizable unsaturated bond.
- the number of isocyanate groups and polymerizable unsaturated bonds contained in the monomer (M) is not particularly limited.
- the monomer (M) is preferably a compound having an isocyanate group and a (meth) acryloyloxy group.
- Examples of the monomer (M) include 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate, (meth) acryloyl isocyanate, 1,1-bis (acryloyloxymethyl) ethyl isocyanate, and 2- (0- [1 ′ methacrylate).
- 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate (meth) acryloyl isocyanate, 1,1-bis (acryloyloxymethyl) ethyl isocyanate
- 2- (0- [1 ′ methacrylate) 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate
- 2-0- [1 ′ methacrylate 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate
- 2-[(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl) carbonylamino] ethyl methacrylate 2-[(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl) carbonylamino] ethy
- 2 -(Meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate, 1,1- (bisacryloyloxymethyl) ethyl isocyanate, (2- (0- [1'-methylpropylideneamino] carboxyamino) methacrylic acid ethyl and 2-[(3 5-Dimethylpyrazolyl) carbonyl Amino] ethyl methacrylate are preferable, and 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate is particularly preferable.
- the monomer (M) for example, commercially available products such as trade names “Karenz MOI”, “Karenz AOI”, “Karenz BEI”, “Karenz MOI-EG” manufactured by Showa Denko KK may be used.
- the bismuth carboxylate is a catalyst that causes the formation of a urethane bond by reacting the hydroxyl group contained in the polymer (P) with the isocyanate group contained in the monomer (M). OOCR 20 ) 3 (wherein R 20 is a hydrocarbon group).
- R 20 is a hydrocarbon group.
- the amount of the bismuth carboxylate used is preferably 0.001 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer (P) from the viewpoint of reactivity. .
- the amount of the polymer (P) and the monomer (M) used in the reaction step is selected from the viewpoint of smooth reactivity, the isocyanate group contained in the monomer (M), and the polymer (P).
- the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups contained in (M NCO / P OH ) is preferably set to 0.1 to 1, more preferably 0.4 to 1.
- the reaction in the reaction step is usually performed in an organic solvent containing hydrocarbon, ketone, ester, ether, aromatic compound and the like. That is, the polymer (P), the monomer (M), and bismuth carboxylate which is a catalyst for forming a urethane bond are stirred while bubbling dry air in an organic solvent.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 65 ° C to 90 ° C, more preferably 70 ° C to 85 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 4 to 36 hours, more preferably 6 to 15 hours.
- a polymerization inhibitor is preferably added to the reaction system for the purpose of suppressing the reaction of the carbon-carbon unsaturated double bond of the monomer (M).
- the polymerization inhibitor hydroquinone, phenothiazine, or the like can be used.
- a purification step for removing unreacted raw materials, organic solvents, catalysts and the like can be performed as necessary.
- the purification method include removal of impurities by heating, removal of impurities by vacuum drying, and the like. When removing the impurities by heating, it is preferable to remove the impurities at a temperature of 140 ° C. or lower from the viewpoint of protecting the polymerizable unsaturated bond.
- the structure of the polyfunctional polymer obtained by the present invention varies depending on the molar ratio of the hydroxyl group contained in the polymer (P) and the isocyanate group contained in the monomer (M).
- the structural unit (f) represented by the general formula (2) A polyfunctional polymer containing -1) can be obtained.
- This polyfunctional polymer may contain unreacted structural unit (a-1).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 3 is a divalent organic group
- the hydrogen atom may be substituted with another atom or a functional group.
- R 4 is a divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or a derivative group thereof
- R 5 is (R 6 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group), and s is 1 or 2.
- a polymer containing a structural unit (a) other than the structural unit (a-1) represented by the general formula (1) for example, urethane bond and polymerization
- the polyfunctional polymer containing the structural unit (f-2) containing the carbonyl group and the ether bond
- the side chain containing both the urethane bond and the polymerizable unsaturated bond A polyfunctional polymer containing a structural unit (f-3) containing an atom other than a carbon atom or a hydrogen atom, a structural unit having a polyalkylene glycol skeleton in the side chain containing both a urethane bond and a polymerizable unsaturated bond
- a polyfunctional polymer containing f-4), a polyfunctional polymer containing a structural unit (f-5) represented by the following general formula (3), and the like can be obtained.
- These polyfunctional polymers may contain other unreacted structural units (a).
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 8 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 9 is a divalent or 1 to 24 carbon atom or A trivalent hydrocarbon group or a derivative group thereof
- R 10 is (R 11 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group), and s is 1 or 2.
- the polyfunctional polymer obtained by the present invention may contain a plurality of types of the structural units (f-1) to (f-5).
- the polyfunctional polymer preferably contains the structural unit (f-1).
- the concentration of the polymerizable unsaturated bond contained in the polyfunctional polymer is preferably 0.05 to 1.2 mmol / g, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mmol / g, still more preferably 0.2 to 0.7 mmol / g.
- the polyfunctional polymer is usually a viscous fluid, and the weight average molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography is preferably 50,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 100,000 to 700,000, It is preferably 150,000 to 500,000.
- the recovered polyfunctional polymer may contain a bismuth component derived from bismuth carboxylate used in the reaction step.
- the amount of bismuth is usually 3 to 500 ppm by mass, preferably 5 to 200 ppm by mass.
- the organotin compound is not used as a catalyst in the above reaction step, the polyfunctional polymer and the reaction liquid containing the same do not substantially contain a tin component, and the tin amount is 1
- the mass is less than ppm.
- the lower limit of the amount of tin contained in the polyfunctional polymer when an organotin compound is used as a catalyst is usually 5 ppm by mass.
- the polyfunctional polymer obtained by the present invention is suitable for a wide range of uses as described later.
- the polyfunctional polymer and the polymerization initiator are used in combination to form a polymer composition containing both, for example, the radical species derived from the polymerization initiator is triggered by an external stimulus such as radiation or heat.
- a cured product can be easily produced by crosslinking reaction of the polymerizable unsaturated bonds of the polyfunctional polymer.
- such a polymer composition is used as an adhesive for re-peeling, it becomes possible to harden an adhesive by external stimulation and to reduce adhesive force.
- the above polymer composition can be produced by a method including a mixing step of mixing a polyfunctional polymer and a polymerization initiator.
- the mixing step the polyfunctional polymer-containing reaction solution produced by the method of the present invention may be used as it is.
- the polymerization initiator used in the mixing step is not particularly limited, but is preferably a photopolymerization initiator or a thermal polymerization initiator.
- the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it is excited by energy such as ultraviolet light, visible light, near infrared light and the like to generate radicals and promote radical polymerization of the polyfunctional polymer.
- the photopolymerization initiator include benzoins such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin propyl ether, and benzoin isobutyl ether; acetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2,2-diethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 1,1-dichloroacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholino Acetophenones such as propan-1-one and N, N-dimethylaminoacetophenone; anthraquinones such as 2-methylanthraquinone, 1-
- the thermal polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it generates radicals when heated and promotes radical polymerization of the polyfunctional polymer.
- Examples of the thermal polymerization initiator include organic peroxides and azo compounds. These thermal polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- organic peroxide examples include diacyl peroxides such as lauroyl peroxide and benzoyl peroxide; tert-butylperoxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, cumylperoxyneodecanoate, hexylperoxy Alkylperoxy such as bivalate, tert-butylperoxyisobutyrate, tert-butylperoxybivalate, tert-butylperoxyacetate, tert-butylperoxybenzoate, tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanate
- Esters diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, di-2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate, di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate, bis (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydica Peroxydicarbonates such as bonate, di-2-ethoxyethyl peroxydicarbonate, dime
- azo compound examples include 2,2′-azobispropane, 2,2′-dichloro-2,2′-azobispropane, 1,1′-azo (methylethyl) diacetate, 2,2′-azobis. (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-aminopropane) nitrate, 2,2'-azobisisobutane, 2,2'-azobisisobutyramide, 2,2'-azobisiso Butyronitrile, methyl 2,2′-azobis-2-methylpropionate, 2,2′-dichloro-2,2′-azobisbutane, 2,2′-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile, 2,2 ′ -Dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, 1,1'-azobis (sodium 1-methylbutyronitrile-3-sulfonate), 2- (4-methylphenylazo) -2-methylmalonodinitrile 4,4 ' Azobis-4-cyanovale
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used is that the polymerizable unsaturated bond contained in the polyfunctional polymer can be crosslinked with high efficiency by irradiation or heating.
- mass parts it is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass, and further preferably 2 to 10 parts by mass.
- a compound having a polymerizable unsaturated bond, an additive, a crosslinking agent, an organic solvent, and the like other than the polyfunctional polymer can be used.
- the additive include an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a colorant, a polymerization inhibitor, and a tackifier.
- the organic solvent include hydrocarbons, ketones, esters, ethers, aromatic compounds, and the like.
- the reactivity of a polymer having a hydroxyl group with a monomer having an isocyanate group and a polymerizable unsaturated bond is represented by the following “consumption rate of monomer” and “rubber-like flatness of cured product”. It was evaluated by the “storage modulus of the region”.
- the residual amount of monomer contained in the reaction solution before acetone dilution was determined, the amount of monomer consumed by the reaction was calculated, and the monomer consumption rate was obtained.
- the consumption rate of the monomer is obtained, but since the obtained consumption rate includes the monomer consumed by the side reaction, in addition to the above method, a method described later is used.
- the amount of polymerizable unsaturated bonds added to the coalesced was evaluated. That is, a polymer having a hydroxyl group and a monomer having an isocyanate group and a polymerizable unsaturated bond are reacted, and a photopolymerization initiator is added to the reaction solution containing the produced polyfunctional polymer.
- the film After forming an uncrosslinked film by coating and drying the composition, the film is irradiated with a sufficient amount of radiation to sufficiently crosslink the polymerizable unsaturated bond of the polyfunctional polymer.
- the tensile storage elastic modulus in the rubber-like flat region of the cured product obtained by the above it was used as a reference for the addition amount of the polymerizable unsaturated bond. According to this method, it is possible to react the polymerizable unsaturated bond added to the polyfunctional polymer with high efficiency, and the reacted polymerizable unsaturated bond becomes a cross-linking point between the polymers. Improve crosslink density.
- the crosslink density increases according to the amount of polymerizable unsaturated bonds added to the polymer, and the crosslink density is reflected in the tensile storage modulus of the rubbery flat region.
- the rates it is possible to compare the crosslink density and the amount of polymerizable unsaturated bonds added to the polymer.
- the amount of polymerizable unsaturated bonds added to the polymer is large, the tensile storage modulus of the rubber-like flat region is high, and when the amount of added polymerizable unsaturated bonds is small, the rubber-like flatness is high.
- the tensile storage modulus of the region is low. Details of the evaluation procedure are described below.
- the polymer composition was added to the polyfunctional polymer-containing reaction solution obtained by the method described in the following Examples and Reference Examples. It prepared by mix
- UV irradiation apparatus "UVX-02528S1AJA02 '(model name), on one surface side of the laminated sheet, ultraviolet ray was irradiated under conditions of illuminance of 100 mW / cm 2 and the light quantity 1080mJ / cm 2, polymerization A cured film was obtained by crosslinking reaction of the unsaturated unsaturated bond. Then, the tensile storage elastic modulus of this cured film was measured using a dynamic viscoelastic device “RSA-3” (model name) manufactured by TA Instruments.
- RSA-3 dynamic viscoelastic device
- the measurement conditions are a distance between chucks of 20 mm, a sample width of 10 mm, a frequency of 1 Hz, a strain of 0.1%, and a heating rate of 5 ° C./min.
- the tensile storage elastic modulus at 150 ° C. was adopted as the elastic modulus of the rubber-like flat region.
- Example 1 In a mixed solvent consisting of toluene and ethyl acetate, 80 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate, 13 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, 7 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 0.25 parts by mass of NOF Tert-Butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate “Perbutyl O” (trade name, polymerization initiator) manufactured by the company was supplied, and a polymerization reaction (80 to 85 ° C., 11 hours) was carried out in a nitrogen stream. A polymer (p1) having was obtained. The weight average molecular weight of this polymer (p1) in terms of polystyrene by GPC was 320,000.
- the amount of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate remaining in the reaction solution was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, it was 22% by mass, and a consumption rate of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate of 78% by mass was obtained. Moreover, it was 39 mass ppm when the amount of bismuth contained in this polyfunctional polymer (X1) was analyzed with the ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer.
- the reaction solution of the polyfunctional polymer (X1) was added to 100 6 parts by mass of 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1 “Irgacure 369” (commercial product) with respect to 10 parts by mass of the polyfunctional polymer (X1) (Name, photopolymerization initiator) was blended and mixed to obtain a polymer composition.
- a cured film was produced by the above-described method, and the tensile storage modulus at a temperature of 150 ° C., which is a rubber-like flat region, was measured and found to be 7.9 ⁇ 10 6 Pa (Table 1). reference).
- Example 2 A polyfunctional polymer (X2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that bismuth neodecanoate was used in place of bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate.
- the weight average molecular weight of this polyfunctional polymer (X2) in terms of polystyrene by GPC was 323,000. Moreover, it was 60 mass ppm when the amount of bismuth contained in this polyfunctional polymer (X2) was analyzed with the ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer. The amount of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate remaining in the reaction solution was analyzed by gas chromatography.
- a polyfunctional polymer (X3) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that dibutyltin dilaurate was used in place of bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate.
- the weight average molecular weight of this polyfunctional polymer (X3) in terms of polystyrene by GPC was 325,000. Moreover, it was 40 mass ppm when the tin amount contained in this polyfunctional polymer (X3) was analyzed with the ICP emission-spectral-analysis apparatus. The amount of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate remaining in the reaction solution was analyzed by gas chromatography.
- a polyfunctional polymer (X4) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that zirconium neodecanoate was used in place of bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate.
- the weight average molecular weight of this polyfunctional polymer (X4) in terms of polystyrene by GPC was 325,000.
- the amount of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate remaining in the reaction solution was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, it was 15% by mass, and a consumption rate of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate of 85% by mass was obtained.
- a polyfunctional polymer (X5) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that zinc dithiocarbamate was used in place of bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate.
- the weight average molecular weight of this polyfunctional polymer (X5) in terms of polystyrene by GPC was 324,000.
- the amount of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate remaining in the reaction solution was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, it was 10% by mass, and a consumption rate of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate was 90% by mass.
- a polyfunctional polymer (X6) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that titanium diisopropoxybis (ethyl acetate) was used instead of bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate.
- the weight average molecular weight of this polyfunctional polymer (X6) in terms of polystyrene by GPC was 321,000.
- the amount of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate remaining in the reaction solution was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, it was 35% by mass, and a consumption rate of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate was 65% by mass.
- the resulting polyfunctional polymer or the reaction product containing the same is used as an adhesive (adhesive), a sealant. It is suitable as a raw material for a composition used for a stopper, paint, or the like.
- the resulting polyfunctional polymer or a reaction product containing it is particularly suitable as a raw material for pressure-sensitive adhesives used in the fields of electronic materials and semiconductor materials in which the raw materials used are severely restricted by REACH regulations.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、近年、有機スズ化合物は、人体及び環境への影響があるとされ、REACH規制により使用が制限されており、特に、電子材料分野及び半導体製造分野においては、厳しくなっている。
有機スズ化合物以外の化合物を触媒とする方法として、チタン錯体、ジルコニウム錯体等を触媒とする方法が知られている(例えば、特許文献3参照)。
「重合性不飽和結合」は、ラジカル重合性を有するエチレン性不飽和結合を意味する。
「水酸基を側鎖に有する構造単位」は、主鎖から枝分かれした側鎖を有する構造単位であって、側鎖に含まれる水酸基が、主鎖を構成する炭素原子に、直接又は他の原子若しくは原子団を介して結合している構造単位である。
「ウレタン結合を側鎖に有する構造単位」は、主鎖から枝分かれした側鎖を有する構造単位であって、側鎖に含まれるウレタン結合が、主鎖を構成する炭素原子に、直接又は他の原子若しくは原子団を介して結合している構造単位である。
「(メタ)アクリル」は、アクリル及びメタクリルを意味し、「(メタ)アクリレート」は、アクリレート及びメタクリレートを意味し、「(メタ)アクリロイル」は、アクリロイル及びメタクリロイルを意味する。
また、「放射線」は、紫外線等の光、レーザー、又は、電子線等の電離性放射線を総称したものである。
また、本発明は、上記製造方法により得られた多官能性重合体である。
上記重合体(P)に含まれる水酸基の含有量は、重合体(P)1gあたり、好ましくは0.02~10mmol、より好ましくは0.02~6mmol、更に好ましくは0.02~3mmolである。
上記重合体(P)に含まれる構造単位(a)の含有割合は、上記重合体(P)を構成する全ての構造単位の合計を100質量%とした場合に、好ましくは1~40質量%、より好ましくは1~20質量%、更に好ましくは1~10質量%である。
また、上記構造単位(a)に含まれる水酸基の数は、特に限定されない。
上記単量体(M)として、例えば、昭和電工社製の商品名「カレンズMOI」、「カレンズAOI」、「カレンズBEI」、「カレンズMOI-EG」等の市販品を用いてもよい。
上記カルボン酸ビスマスとしては、上記反応が円滑に進行することから、上記一般式における3つのR20が、それぞれ、独立に炭素原子数1~17の炭化水素基である化合物が好ましい。
上記カルボン酸ビスマスの使用量は、反応性の観点から、上記重合体(P)100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.001~5質量部、より好ましくは0.001~1質量部である。
上記反応工程において、単量体(M)の炭素-炭素不飽和二重結合の反応を抑制する目的で、反応系に重合禁止剤を添加することが好ましい。重合禁止剤としては、ハイドロキノン、フェノチアジン等を用いることができる。
上記添加剤としては、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、可塑剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、着色剤、重合禁止剤、粘着付与剤等が挙げられる。
また、上記有機溶剤としては、炭化水素、ケトン、エステル、エーテル、芳香族化合物等が挙げられる。
水酸基を有する重合体と、イソシアネート基及び重合性不飽和結合を有する単量体とを反応させ、生成した多官能性重合体を含む反応溶液50mgをサンプリングし、アセトン10mlで希釈した後、島津製作所社製キャピラリガスクロマトグラフ「GC-2010Plus」(型式名)を用いて、希釈液に含まれる単量体の残存量を定量した。この測定における検出器は、島津製作所社製「FID-2010Plus」(型式名)であり、使用カラムは、アジレントテクノロジー社製「HP-5MS」(型式名)である。分析値を元に、アセトン希釈前の反応溶液に含まれる単量体の残存量を求め、反応により消費された単量体の量を算出し、単量体の消費率を得た。
この方法により、単量体の消費率が求められるが、得られた消費率には、副反応によって消費された単量体も含まれるため、上記方法に加えて、後述する方法を用い、重合体に付加された重合性不飽和結合量を評価した。即ち、水酸基を有する重合体と、イソシアネート基及び重合性不飽和結合を有する単量体とを反応させ、生成した多官能性重合体を含む反応溶液に、光重合開始剤を添加して重合体組成物とし、この組成物を、塗布・乾燥して未架橋被膜を形成した後、この被膜に十分量の放射線を照射して、多官能性重合体の重合性不飽和結合を十分に架橋反応させて得られた硬化物のゴム状平坦領域における引張貯蔵弾性率を測定することにより、重合性不飽和結合の付加量の基準とした。
この方法によれば、多官能性重合体に付加した重合性不飽和結合を高効率で反応させることが可能であり、反応した重合性不飽和結合は、重合体間の架橋点となり組成物の架橋密度を向上させる。即ち、重合体に付加した重合性不飽和結合の量に応じて架橋密度が上昇し、架橋密度は、ゴム状平坦領域の引張貯蔵弾性率に反映されるため、ゴム状平坦領域の引張貯蔵弾性率を比較することにより、架橋密度及び重合体に付加された重合性不飽和結合の量を比較することが可能となる。重合体に付加された重合性不飽和結合の量が多い場合は、ゴム状平坦領域の引張貯蔵弾性率は高い値となり、付加された重合性不飽和結合の量が少ない場合は、ゴム状平坦領域の引張貯蔵弾性率は低い値となる。以下、評価手順の詳細について記載する。
(2)硬化物のゴム状平坦部の貯蔵弾性率
重合体組成物は、以下の実施例及び参考例に記載の方法で得られた多官能性重合体含有反応液に、多官能性重合体100質量部に対して特定量の光重合開始剤を配合して混合することにより調製した。そして、この重合体組成物を、乾燥後の厚さが100μmとなるように、帝人デュポンフィルム社製離形フィルム「ピューレックスA31」(商品名、厚さ38μm)の離形処理面上に塗布し、130℃で5分間乾燥させた。その後、得られた未架橋被膜に、上記離形フィルムを貼り合わせて、未架橋被膜が2枚の離形フィルムに挟まれた積層シートを得た。次いで、ウシオ電機社製紫外線照射装置「UVX-02528S1AJA02」(型式名)を用いて、積層シートの1面側に、照度100mW/cm2及び光量1080mJ/cm2の条件で紫外線を照射し、重合性不飽和結合を架橋反応させることにより、硬化フィルムを得た。そして、この硬化フィルムの引張貯蔵弾性率を、TAインスツルメント社製動的粘弾性装置「RSA-3」(型式名)を用いて測定した。測定条件は、チャック間距離20mm、サンプル幅10mm、周波数1Hz、ひずみ0.1%、昇温速度5℃/分である。下記の各実験例においては、150℃における引張貯蔵弾性率をゴム状平坦領域の弾性率として採用した。
トルエン及び酢酸エチルからなる混合溶媒に、80質量部のアクリル酸n-ブチルと、13質量部のメタクリル酸メチルと、7質量部のアクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチルと、0.25質量部の日油社製tert-ブチルペルオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート「パーブチルO」(商品名、重合開始剤)とを供給し、窒素気流中、重合反応(80~85℃、11時間)を行って、水酸基を有する重合体(p1)を得た。この重合体(p1)の、GPCによるポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は320,000であった。
次いで、上記重合体(p1)の反応液に、100質量部の重合体(p1)に対して、7質量部の2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネート、0.05質量部の2-エチルヘキサン酸ビスマス(触媒)、及び、0.05部のフェノチアジン(重合禁止剤)を添加し、ウレタン化反応(75±5℃、12時間)を行って、多官能性重合体(X1)を得た。この多官能性重合体(X1)の、GPCによるポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は324,000であった。そして、反応液に残存する2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの量を、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、22質量%であり、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの消費率78質量%を得た。また、この多官能性重合体(X1)に含まれるビスマス量を、ICP発光分光分析装置により分析したところ、39質量ppmであった。
この重合体組成物を用いて、上記方法により硬化フィルムを作製し、ゴム状平坦領域である温度150℃における引張貯蔵弾性率を測定したところ、7.9×106Paであった(表1参照)。
2-エチルヘキサン酸ビスマスに代えて、ネオデカン酸ビスマスを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多官能性重合体(X2)を得た。この多官能性重合体(X2)の、GPCによるポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は323,000であった。また、この多官能性重合体(X2)に含まれるビスマス量を、ICP発光分光分析装置により分析したところ、60質量ppmであった。そして、反応液に残存する2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの量を、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、16質量%であり、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの消費率84質量%を得た。
その後、実施例1と同様にして、光重合開始剤を併含する重合体組成物の調製、紫外線照射による架橋フィルムの作製、及び、引張貯蔵弾性率の測定を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
2-エチルヘキサン酸ビスマスに代えて、ジブチル錫ジラウリレートを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多官能性重合体(X3)を得た。この多官能性重合体(X3)の、GPCによるポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は325,000であった。また、この多官能性重合体(X3)に含まれるスズ量を、ICP発光分光分析装置により分析したところ、40質量ppmであった。そして、反応液に残存する2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの量を、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、20質量%であり、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの消費率80質量%を得た。
その後、実施例1と同様にして、光重合開始剤を併含する重合体組成物の調製、紫外線照射による架橋フィルムの作製、及び、引張貯蔵弾性率の測定を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
2-エチルヘキサン酸ビスマスに代えて、ネオデカン酸ジルコニウムを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多官能性重合体(X4)を得た。この多官能性重合体(X4)の、GPCによるポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は325,000であった。そして、反応液に残存する2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの量を、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、15質量%であり、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの消費率85質量%を得た。
その後、実施例1と同様にして、光重合開始剤を併含する重合体組成物の調製、紫外線照射による架橋フィルムの作製、及び、引張貯蔵弾性率の測定を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
2-エチルヘキサン酸ビスマスに代えて、ジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多官能性重合体(X5)を得た。この多官能性重合体(X5)の、GPCによるポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は324,000であった。そして、反応液に残存する2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの量を、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、10質量%であり、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの消費率90質量%を得た。
その後、実施例1と同様にして、光重合開始剤を併含する重合体組成物の調製、紫外線照射による架橋フィルムの作製、及び、引張貯蔵弾性率の測定を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
2-エチルヘキサン酸ビスマスに代えて、チタンジイソプロポキシビス(エチルアセテート)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、多官能性重合体(X6)を得た。この多官能性重合体(X6)の、GPCによるポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は321,000であった。そして、反応液に残存する2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの量を、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析したところ、35質量%であり、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートの消費率65質量%を得た。
その後、実施例1と同様にして、光重合開始剤を併含する重合体組成物の調製、紫外線照射による架橋フィルムの作製、及び、引張貯蔵弾性率の測定を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- ウレタン結合及び重合性不飽和結合を側鎖に有する構造単位を含む多官能性重合体を製造する方法であって、
カルボン酸ビスマスの存在下、水酸基を側鎖に有する構造単位(a)を含む重合体(P)と、イソシアネート基及び重合性不飽和結合を有する単量体(M)とを反応させる反応工程を備えることを特徴とする、多官能性重合体の製造方法。 - 前記カルボン酸ビスマスが、Bi(OOCR20)3(式中、R20は、それぞれ、独立に炭素原子数1~17の炭化水素基)で表される化合物である請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記カルボン酸ビスマスの使用量が、前記重合体(P)100質量部に対して、0.001~5質量部である請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記単量体(M)が、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネート、2-アクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネート、1,1-(ビスアクリロイルオキシメチル)エチルイソシアネート及び2-[(3,5-ジメチルピラゾリル)カルボキシアミノ]エチルメタクリレートからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の製造方法により得られた多官能性重合体。
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