WO2017041985A1 - Procédé et dispositif de collecte d'échantillons à grande échelle - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de collecte d'échantillons à grande échelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017041985A1
WO2017041985A1 PCT/EP2016/069158 EP2016069158W WO2017041985A1 WO 2017041985 A1 WO2017041985 A1 WO 2017041985A1 EP 2016069158 W EP2016069158 W EP 2016069158W WO 2017041985 A1 WO2017041985 A1 WO 2017041985A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
band
receptacles
tape
sealing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/069158
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sergio Montenegro
Alexander Hilgarth
Original Assignee
Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg filed Critical Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
Publication of WO2017041985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017041985A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N1/2205—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N1/2208—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with impactors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
    • B01L2300/041—Connecting closures to device or container
    • B01L2300/044—Connecting closures to device or container pierceable, e.g. films, membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0812—Bands; Tapes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5085—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
    • B01L3/50853—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates with covers or lids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
    • G01N15/0637—Moving support
    • G01N15/0643—Moving support of the filter type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N2001/021—Correlating sampling sites with geographical information, e.g. GPS
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N2001/222—Other features
    • G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
    • G01N2001/2279—Atmospheric sampling high altitude, e.g. rockets, balloons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of environmental analysis and relates to an apparatus and method for mass collecting samples.
  • the air samples to be collected may include gaseous substances and heterogeneous gas mixtures with solid and / or liquid suspended particles, such as dusts or mists (so-called aerosols).
  • the constituents of air samples may have a natural, biological or anthropogenic origin.
  • Air sample constituents of natural origin include, for example, mineral salt aerosols, particles released in the event of volcanic eruptions, and gases and / or aerial dusts with fluidized earth particles.
  • Air sample components of biological origin include, for example, living and / or dead organisms or parts thereof, viruses, bacteria, fungi and their spores, pollen and / or gaseous substances of biotic origin, such as gaseous metabolic products of molds.
  • Air sample constituents of anthropogenic origin include organic and inorganic reaction products and intermediates arising in connection with the combustion of fossil fuels, such as e.g. Fine dusts or smoke, or those arising in connection with the operation of chemical industrial algae.
  • the collection of air samples can be done, for example, stationary and at specific times or mobile at different locations.
  • the invention comprises a device for collecting samples in bulk.
  • the device comprises a sample band, a first sealing band, a first coil and a second coil.
  • the sample tape comprises a plurality of recordings for collecting samples, wherein the recordings are spaced from each other by intermediate regions of the sample tape.
  • the first sealing tape separates the recordings of the sample tape from its surroundings when the first sealing tape is connected to the sample tape.
  • the first coil is adapted to store coiled portions of the sample tape and the first sealing tape rolled up.
  • the apparatus is adapted to release the connection between the first sealing tape and the sample tape on a portion of the sample tape which has been unwound from the spool in conjunction with the first sealing tape, further portions of the tape connected to the first sealing tape being released during release Sample tape are unrolled from the first coil and different exposures are exposed at different times to the environment of the device to collect samples. Further, the apparatus is adapted to connect the sample tape to the first or second sealing tape, thereby to prevent the photographs from being exposed to the environment of the apparatus to separate their environment.
  • the second coil is configured to roll up the sample tape after it has been joined to the first or second sealing tape together with the first and second connecting band, respectively.
  • the plurality of pictures, or just a few of them may be separated from the environment of the sample tape. Because the recordings on the sample tape are spaced apart by the intermediate regions, the recordings can also be separated or isolated from one another by such a connection. This separation can prevent the recordings from being contaminated by an environment and the contents of other recordings.
  • the first sealing tape is released from a portion of the sample tape with a receptacle, the separation between the subject recording and the environment is canceled. In doing so, the relevant image is exposed to the environment, so that a sample can be collected.
  • the device is designed to connect the sample band to the first sealant tape or to the second sealer tape after exposing the recordings to the environment, the samples may be contaminated immediately prior to collection in the respective recordings Contamination by an environment in a not intended for the collection or measurement and thus undesirable location or for a collection or measurement unintended and thus undesirable time or contamination by an adjacent recording protected.
  • the device permits a variety of temporally and spatially determinable and controllable sampling at respectively different locations at different times with comparatively high accuracy and purity, without contamination of the intake to be feared before exposure and the collected sample after exposure.
  • the samples can be collected isolated from each other in space and time and isolated from each other in the on the second sample coil wound up sample tape, each sample can be assigned to a specific associated recording and thus an associated sampling time or period and an associated sampling in three-dimensional space. This is advantageous for a subsequent evaluation and analysis, because this can be done after clearly identifiable and clearly distinguishable recordings, whereby areas can be examined three-dimensionally and not only areally.
  • first and second bobbins each of which allows a rolled-up supply
  • a very compact reel-to-reel construction is also possible, which allows a simple and uncomplicated tape guidance and mode of operation.
  • the samples can be collected from the air, for example.
  • the invention is not limited to the specific application of collecting air samples, but may also be used to collect samples of fluid other than air.
  • Another exemplary application of the present invention is to collect water samples so that the present invention also includes embodiments adapted for collecting water samples.
  • the first coil stores connected portions of the sample tape and the first sealing tape, wherein preferably at least some of the receivers of this sample tape portion are each hermetically sealed.
  • a mass transfer can be prevented with the environment of the recording, so that contamination of the images can be prevented by a mass transfer with the respective environment of the sample band and with the contents of other recordings.
  • the recordings of the sample tape can be set to a sterile state before collecting, and already during production of the sample tape. This sterile condition may be sustained due to the hermetic seal until exposure is suspended. This is particularly advantageous in collecting biological air ingredients, such as bacteria, pollen or viruses.
  • Different recordings can also contain different media, for example nutrient media, which can not be exchanged between the recordings in the case of the hermetic closure.
  • the second coil stores connected portions of the sample band and of the first or second sealing band, wherein the recordings of this sample band portion are each hermetically sealed.
  • the sample tape may be bonded or bonded to the first and / or second sealing tape using an adhesive.
  • An adhesive can be used to create a secure bond that can also be hermetic.
  • the recordings may also include a recording medium.
  • the receiving medium may comprise, for example, a nutrient agar medium.
  • the recording medium may also be specific to a particular air content, so that only certain air content substances can be selectively collected.
  • the recording medium is solid or gel-like. This can ensure that the images in any spatial orientations of the device can be exposed to the air environment without the recording medium expiring from the respective exposed recording.
  • Different recordings may also include different recording media.
  • the recording media may differ in that they are selective for different air ingredients. As a result, different sample types or air constituents can be selectively collected using the same sample band.
  • the recording media may, for example, also differ in that they are suitable and intended for different analysis methods.
  • the selectively or non-selectively collected samples can then be evaluated with different analysis methods.
  • the recordings may include, for example, depressions in the sample tape. In these depressions, for example, a certain amount of a recording medium can be introduced.
  • both the wells with recording medium and those without recording medium can serve to collect and conserve a gaseous sample or an aerosol.
  • the sample band may comprise a deep-drawn plastic band, wherein the sample band has no perforation in the recesses.
  • a deep-drawn plastic strip allows a particularly simple and cost-effective production, in particular, techniques and methods from other technical fields can be used.
  • the lack of perforation makes it easier to seal the wells from the environment.
  • the sample band can also have a transport perforation. This can serve to unroll the sample tape from the first spool and roll it up onto the second spool. Further, the sprocket may be used for handling and guiding the sample tape between the first and second spools.
  • the recordings may also include a circuit intended for analysis of the sample.
  • a circuit intended for analysis of the sample can be made in direct temporal relation to the collection of the sample, without having to wait until a laboratory examination.
  • This preprocessing can be advantageous in particular for volatile samples or for samples which can not be preserved for a sufficiently long period of time.
  • the analysis can be done in such cases by interacting with the circuit, such as by reading from outside the receptacle.
  • the circuit can also improve the automation of the analysis and thus speed up the analysis and make it more efficient.
  • the circuit can be embedded or integrated in the recordings.
  • the circuit is preferably a compact electronic circuit.
  • the recordings or at least some of the recordings may comprise a microstructured and / or microfluidic substrate, into which microchannels with a cross-section micron range for liquid handling.
  • a microstructured and / or microfluidic substrate into which microchannels with a cross-section micron range for liquid handling.
  • the microstructured and / or micro fluidic substrate can also comprise different reagents or indicator solutions for different analyzes, so that one and the same sample can be subjected to different tests simultaneously in the recording immediately after collection.
  • the circuit and the microstructured and / or micro fluidic substrates are particularly advantageous in terms of an automated evaluation of a plurality of samples, because the analysis can be at least partially without external intervention at least partially already in the recordings and a subsequent manual analysis omitted or at least essential can be simplified.
  • the recordings may also comprise an air-permeable filter material and the sample band may be permeable to air in the region of the recordings.
  • the sample tape on the first spool is connected on a first side to the first sealing tape and connected to a third sealing tape on an opposite second side.
  • the sample band on the first side is connected to the first or the second sealing band and connected on the second side to the third or to a fourth sealing band.
  • the recordings may include first and second recordings arranged in adjacent tracks along the sample tape.
  • one of the first recordings can be exposed simultaneously to an associated one of the second recordings of the air environment of the device, so that different samples or identical samples can be collected simultaneously in different recordings.
  • These same Samples collected early in the same place can then be subjected to different analyzes or subjected to the same analysis for better statistics.
  • the arrangement in adjacent tracks allows twice as many samples to be collected without the sample tape having to be twice as long.
  • Other embodiments include more than two side by side traces of recordings for simultaneously collecting more than two samples.
  • the adjacent tracks can be parallel.
  • the first recordings may also include a different recording medium than the second recordings. This allows different samples to be collected simultaneously if the recording media are selective for different types of samples. Furthermore, the same sample can be evaluated differently if the different recording media are selective for the same sample but are suitable and intended for different analysis methods.
  • the devices according to the aforementioned embodiments may also comprise a third spool for receiving the first sealing tape after it has been released from the sample tape and / or may comprise a fourth spool for dispensing the second sealing tape, if a second sealing tape is provided.
  • a fifth coil for receiving the third sealing tape and / or a sixth coil for dispensing the fourth sealing tape may also be provided, if a third or a fourth sealing tape is provided.
  • the first and the second coil may be contained in a cassette-like housing.
  • the sample tape can thereby be handled more safely within the cassette by means of the first and second spools while protecting the sample tape. For collection and subsequent analysis, only handling of the cassette may be required without having to manually handle the sample tape separately. This offers special advantages in automated collection and evaluation because a compact, robust and cassette-like design is very well suited for automation, which can be done very efficiently and safely. Within a cassette, the sample tape can also be easily and safely transported and stored.
  • the present invention further comprises a system with a device according to one of the aforementioned embodiments and with an air supply device.
  • the air supply device is arranged and arranged to provide an airflow directed to a respective exposed receptacle of the plurality of receptacles.
  • the air supply device allows the images to be in contact with more ingredients of the air environment at the same time so that more concentrated samples can be collected in the same time.
  • the air supply device is not contained within the cassette-like housing, if any. This allows the samples after collection to be transported separately from the air supply device within a smaller, more compact cassette-like unit, stored, and subjected to analysis.
  • the system further comprises an aircraft. This allows the departure of an air space in which samples can be collected with a device according to one of the aforementioned embodiments.
  • the system may also include a data acquisition unit configured to determine, for each of the recordings, when exposed to the air environment of the device, a time indication and / or an indication of the location of the system and store that information on a computer readable medium.
  • a data acquisition unit configured to determine, for each of the recordings, when exposed to the air environment of the device, a time indication and / or an indication of the location of the system and store that information on a computer readable medium.
  • the collected samples can be assigned to the removal time and / or their removal location at a later time, whereby a temporal and / or local sample distribution in a specific airspace can be determined.
  • the system may further comprise a metering device configured to detect an amount of air provided by the air supply device while a receptacle is exposed to the air environment of the device, and to store an air amount indication on a computer readable medium. This information can later be used to determine the actual sample concentration at the time of collection at the collection site.
  • the present invention also includes a method of mass collecting samples from the air, the method comprising the steps of flying away an airspace with a system according to any one of the aforementioned embodiments, collecting a plurality of samples with a device or with a system one of the previously mentioned embodiments, determining time and / or location information to the collected samples, assigning time and / or location information to the collected samples and determining a temporal and / or spatial sample distribution for the flown airspace.
  • FIG. 1 shows a construction of a device according to the invention according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 enlarges and illustrates in greater detail a portion of FIG. 1;
  • 3 a and 3 b illustrate the use of systems according to the invention according to two exemplary embodiments
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a sample band connected to a first and a second sealing tape according to an exemplary embodiment
  • 6a and 6b show an embodiment of a device according to the invention with a cassette-shaped housing
  • FIGS 7 and 8 show embodiments of further devices according to the invention in which the sample band is connected on both sides with sealing bands.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 10 according to the invention according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the apparatus 10 includes a first spool 12, a second spool 14, a sample belt 16, a first sealing belt 18, a second sealing belt 20, a third spool 22, a fourth spool 24 and an air supply device 26.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail view of one 1 between the first coil 12 and the second coil 14.
  • the sample band 16 comprises a multiplicity of receptacles, which in the embodiment of FIG. 1 are formed by depressions 28 in the sample band 16 ,
  • the first spool 12 is configured to store a portion of the sample belt 16 rolled up with the rolled-up, stored portion connected to a portion of the first sealing belt 18. Due to the connection with the first sealing band 18, the recesses 28 on this portion of the sample band 16 are closed to the air environment of the device 10. As shown in Fig. 2, the recesses 28 are spaced from each other by intermediate portions 30 of the sample strip 16. In connection with the sample band 16, the first sealing band 18 is also connected to the intermediate portions 30 of the sample band 16 so that the recesses 28 located on a portion of the sample band 16 connected to the first sealing band 18 are also separated from each other.
  • the bond between the sample belt 16 and all of the aforementioned sealing tapes can be made using a suitable adhesive.
  • an adhesive may be used which is also used in the food industry for closing and possibly reclosing plastic packages containing food.
  • the second coil 14 is also configured to store a portion of the sample belt 16 rolled up.
  • the portion of the sample belt 16 stored on the second spool 14 is not connected to the first sealing tape 18 but to a portion of the second sealing tape 20.
  • the first sealing tape 18 may additionally be used be reconnected to a portion of the sample tape 16 which is stored on the second spool 14 and is received onto the second spool 14, respectively.
  • the coils 12, 14, 22 and 24 have circular cross-sections. It should be understood that in other embodiments, these coils may also have other cross-sections, which need not necessarily be circular.
  • the device 10 is in a state in which a first portion of the sample tape is stored rolled up on the first coil 12.
  • the first portion of the sample band 16 is followed by a second portion of the sample band 16 which extends from the first coil 12 to an exposed portion of the sample band 16.
  • the first portion and the second portion of the sample band 16 are each connected to an associated portion of the first sealing band 18.
  • the exposed portion of the sample belt 16 is located in Fig. 1 below the air supply device 26, which is directed to the exposed portion.
  • the exposed portion is not connected to any of the sealing bands 18 and 20 but is exposed so that such recesses 28 located on the exposed portion are exposed to the air environment of the apparatus 10.
  • the exposed portion is followed by a third portion of the sample band 16 which extends to the second coil 14 and is connected to the second sealing band 24 or to a portion of the second sealing band 24, respectively.
  • the third portion of the sample band 16 is followed by a fourth portion of the sample band 16 which is stored rolled up on the second coil 14 in conjunction with a portion of the second sealing band 24.
  • the above-mentioned first to fourth portions of the sample tape 16 and the exposed portion of the Sample tape 16 respectively arranged in first to fourth regions or in a suspension area.
  • the aforementioned first to fourth portions of the sample band 16 and the exposed portion of the sample band 16 may each be arranged in a different area.
  • the state of the device 10 changes, for example, when the sample belt 16 is moved within the device 10.
  • partially or completely different portions of the sample band 16 may be disposed in the first to fourth regions and in the exposure region, for example, after the sample band 16 has been further transported. Also in another state of the device 10 of FIG.
  • the third coil 22 is arranged and arranged to roll up portions of the first sealing tape 18 formerly connected to the sample tape 16 and to store them rolled up.
  • the third coil 22 is arranged such that, when the first sealing tape 18 is rolled up by the third coil 22, the first sealing tape 18 is separated from the sample tape 16 at the end of the second area, the separation occurring during a simultaneous transport of the sample tape 16 from the first coil 12 to the second coil 14 takes place.
  • the apparatus may comprise a first roller 32 arranged along an axis Ri, as shown in FIG. In the apparatus 10, the first roller 32 defines by its location the beginning of the exposure area, ie the beginning of the currently exposed portion of the sample band 16.
  • the fourth coil 24 is adapted to store a portion of the second sealing band 20 rolled up and the second sealing band 20 to unroll it to the sample tape 16.
  • the second sealing tape 20 unrolled from the fourth bobbin 24 is guided so as to be joined to the sample tape 16 at the end of the exposure area, ie, at the end of the currently exposed portion of the sample tape 16, when the second sealing tape 20 is in contact Transport of the sample tape 16 is unrolled from the fourth coil 24.
  • the corresponding guidance of the second sealing strip 20 is achieved in the device 10 due to the arrangement of the fourth coil 24 and by means of a second roller 34.
  • the second roller 34 is arranged along an axis R 2 , as shown in Fig. 2, and defined by their arrangement, the end of the exposure area, ie the end of the currently exposed portion of the sample strip sixteenth
  • the coils 12, 14, 22 and 24 are operated synchronously to successively expose various unladen pits 28 of the second portion of the sample band 16 individually and sequentially to the air environment of the device 10 a respective exposed recess 28 is located on a respective exposed portion of the sample strip 16.
  • the coils 12, 14, 22 and 24 rotate so synchronously, so that the coils 12 and 24 within the same time each roll the same amount of strip material and roll together as much strip material as the coils 14 and 22 roll up together. In this case, the coils 14 and 22 roll within the same time in each case the same amount of strip material.
  • the well 28 loaded with the sample is closed with further rotation of the coils 12, 14, 22 and 24 with the second sealing tape 20 so that the collected sample can be preserved and contaminated or contamination by the air environment or by adjacent wells 28.
  • the air supply device 26 is directed to the exposure area and adapted to supply a particular increased amount of air to the respectively exposed well 28, so that the air samples can be collected in a higher concentration. For example, more particles contained in the ambient air can be taken up in the same time in a recording / contact medium.
  • the air supply device 26 may be funnel-shaped and include an accelerator such as a propeller 36. With the aid of the funnel-shaped configuration and the acceleration means, the air supply device 26 can supply a certain increased amount of air to the respectively exposed recess 28.
  • the amount of air supplied can be adjusted via the rotational speed of the propeller 36.
  • the rotational speed of the propeller 36 may also be measured to measure the amount of air supplied to the wells 28, respectively.
  • an evaluation based on the sample concentration in the depression 28 and on the rotational speed of the propeller can be used to deduce an actual sample concentration at the time the sample is collected in the air environment of the device 10.
  • the apparatus 10 further includes two transport rollers 38 disposed on both sides outside the exposure area and both disposed between the first and second spools 12 and 14 to allow the sample belt 16 to pass between the first and second spools the second coil 12 and 14 can be conveyed with a desired course.
  • guide rails may be included instead of the transport rollers or in addition to the transport rollers.
  • the sample belt 16 also includes a sprocket hole 40, by means of which the sample belt 16 can be safely guided and conveyed in a controlled manner.
  • the receptacles are designed differently than in FIG. 2.
  • the receptacles may also each comprise planar regions of the sample tape 16, which are each coated with a recording / contact medium, can adhere to the air components.
  • the sample band 16 may alternatively or in addition to the recesses 28 and / or alternatively or in addition to a receiving / contact medium comprise an air-permeable filter material, such as paper or a membrane, for receiving or as part of a recording.
  • the air flow provided by the air supply device 26 can pass through the filter material of the receptacle located in the exposure region, whereby depending on the filter material certain specific air constituents remain in the filter material and can thereby be collected.
  • the sample tape 16 in the first, second, third and fourth region is connected on both sides with a sealing tape, wherein - as shown in Fig. 8 - in addition a third sealing tape 64 or - as shown in Fig. 7 - a third and a fourth sealing tape 64 and 66 may be provided.
  • the third sealing tape 64 may be joined to the back of the sample tape 16 in the first, second, third and fourth regions.
  • FIG. 8 the third sealing tape 64 may be joined to the back of the sample tape 16 in the first, second, third and fourth regions.
  • FIGs 3a and 3b respectively illustrate the collection of a plurality of samples from the air within an airspace using a system 44 according to a first embodiment shown in Figure 3a) and by means of a system 144 according to a second embodiment in Fig. 3b) is shown.
  • the systems 44 and 144 each include an aircraft and the apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, wherein the aircraft of the system 44 is a quadrocopter and the aircraft of the system 144 is a glider.
  • systems of the invention include other aircraft such as helicopters, other multicopters, fixed wing aircraft, or hybrid versions thereof, each of which may be manned or unmanned.
  • helicopters helicopters
  • other multicopters fixed wing aircraft
  • hybrid versions thereof each of which may be manned or unmanned.
  • the apparatus 10 can be operated as described above to collect air samples successively at different locations within the airspace 42 at respectively associated different times.
  • the air space 42 as shown in Figs. 3a and 3b, divided into cube-shaped subsections within each subsection a sample can be collected at a given time.
  • the systems 44 and 144 are set up to determine the time and the position of the respective subsection each time a recording is suspended within a subsection, and to store it in such a way that a subsequent assignment to the associated recording is possible.
  • the device 10 Due to the storage by means of a first coil 12 and a second coil 14 and due to the use of a sample tape with recordings for collecting samples, the device 10 can be kept very compact.
  • the reeling on the spool 22 may be made passively, for example by means of a spring, without requiring an active external drive means to directly drive the spool 22.
  • the very compact shape with a large number of recordings, in conjunction with a comparatively small remotely controlled aircraft, allows a finely scanned sample collection along a finely divided airspace 42.
  • the aircraft can be selected depending on the particular application.
  • a glider such as system 144 is advantageous when samples are to be collected within a large air space 42 and the speed at which apparatus 10 is to be moved through air space 42 should be relatively high.
  • the system 44 is advantageous, which includes a quadrocopter, which can also perform vertical flight movements.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a region of a sample strip 116 according to a second embodiment with other receptacles which do not comprise depressions 28.
  • the area of the sample band 116 shown in FIG. 4 comprises a portion 46 of the aforementioned second area, in which the sample band 116 is connected to the first sealing band 18 and a portion 48 of the aforementioned third area, in which the sample band 116 the second sealing tape 20 is connected.
  • the exposure area 50 on which a receptacle in the form of a receiving area 128 is located.
  • the recordings of the sample band 116 are not formed by depressions 28 but by receiving areas 128.
  • the receiving areas 128 are coated with a recording / contact medium and are flat together with the remaining areas of the sample band 16, i. without depressions, formed in a common plane.
  • the sample band 116 thus offers the advantage that it can be rolled up more compactly and thus the device according to the invention can store a longer sample band 116 with more receptacles formed by the receiving regions 128, while having a rather large size.
  • different media can be considered as recording / contact medium, wherein the recording / contact medium can be selected according to the examination target.
  • the recording / contact medium can be assigned to different classes, for example a selective medium or a differential medium and a minimal medium or a complete medium.
  • a nutrient medium can be selected as the recording / contact medium, which also allows the subsequent isolation and analysis of the particular microorganisms to be collected.
  • Such media are also referred to as isolation media.
  • uptake / contact media with the aid of which, in a later analysis, a quantification of microorganisms can be carried out on the basis of a determination of a colony number on the uptake / contact medium.
  • content substances for such recording / contact media for example, D-glucose, ammonium chloride (NH 4 C1), Magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K 2 HPO 4 ), peptone, casein hydrolyzate, yeast extract, meat extract, blood or any combination thereof.
  • uptake / contact media may be used which, for example, can only ensure the cultivation and survival of a particular or certain microorganisms.
  • uptake / contact media may be used which allow for the cultivation and survival of a variety of different microorganisms.
  • the acquisition / contact media may be selective for particular types of samples, ie, allow only the collection or evaluation of particular types of samples, or be nonselective, thereby allowing the collection and evaluation of any or a variety of different sample types.
  • the respective receiving / contact medium can be introduced into the recesses 28, are introduced into the aforementioned filter material and / or applied to the receiving areas 128.
  • 5a to 5e show plan views of different sample bands of different embodiments with differently shaped and arranged receptacles 51.
  • the different sample bands differ in part in that they are intended for operation in which different numbers of receptacles 51 are simultaneously exposed.
  • the sample bands of FIG. 5 are divided longitudinally into sections 52 by the horizontally shown lines, which, when using the sample bands in a device according to the invention, are successively exposed in each case completely to the air environment of the device.
  • the sections 52 each have the same length, whereas the sample band of FIG. 5a also includes sections 52 of different lengths.
  • the sample tape portion of Fig. 5a comprises four portions 52, each comprising two longitudinally spaced receptacles 51. These four sections 52 are longer than the remaining sections 52 of FIG. 5 a, each of which comprises only one receptacle 51.
  • each section 52 may comprise a receptacle 51 with the same particular receptacle / contact medium, those sections 52 comprising an additional receptacle 51 comprising an additional other receptacle 51.
  • / Contact medium in the additional receptacle 51 may include.
  • the different recording / ontakt media can be selective for different types of samples, for example, so that a first type of sample can be collected at different time and space intervals than a second type of sample, which can be collected simultaneously with the first type of sample.
  • the portions 52 are longer than in Fig. 5b.
  • the longer sections 52 of FIG. 5c include larger seats 51 than the shorter sections 52 of FIG. 5b.
  • the sample band of Fig. 5c can be used to collect each sample in a larger amount.
  • the sample band of Fig. 5c is therefore advantageous for collecting samples which are present only in a very low concentration, but nevertheless can be collected in a sufficient amount due to the comparatively large receptacles 51 of Fig. 5c.
  • the sample band of FIG. 5b has the advantage, because of the smaller receptacles 51, which are approximately half the size of the receptacles 51 of FIG. 5c, that more samples can be collected with the same sample band length. As a result, a larger airspace can be analyzed with the same sample band length, or a more detailed airspace can be analyzed in more detail.
  • the recordings 51 each comprise first recordings 54 and second recordings 56 on the two sample tapes of FIGS. 5d and 5e.
  • the first recordings 54 and the second recordings 56 are each arranged in a longitudinal direction of the sample tape in a track, the tracks of the first recordings 54 extend in the longitudinal direction next to the tracks of the second receptacles 56.
  • a first receptacle 54 may be exposed to the air environment of the device simultaneously with an associated second receptacle 56 adjacent to the respective first receptacle 54.
  • the receptacles 54 and 56 respectively comprise different recording / contact media and / or filter materials.
  • one or more of the first receptacles 54 and / or one or more of the second receptacles 56 are formed as a recess.
  • the portions 52 of the sample band of FIG. 5d comprise four receptacles 51, whereas the portions 52 of the sample band of FIG. 5e comprise two Recordings 51 include.
  • the sample band of Fig. 5d in combination with a correspondingly configured device, four individual samples can be collected simultaneously at a particular location, whereas with the sample band of Fig. 5e two samples can be collected simultaneously at the same location.
  • the simultaneous collection of identical samples with different receptacles 51 can be advantageous for the analysis and evaluation, since each of the receptacles 51 of the same section 52 can be analyzed differently, for example, can be treated with different reagents or subjected to a different aftertreatment. As a result, comparative considerations can be made on samples collected and preserved under the same conditions. This is also possible in particular in that the individual receptacles 51 on the sample tape are separated from each other and spaced so that an isolated evaluation is possible, which is not adversely affected or falsified by the evaluation or treatment of adjacent samples or recordings 51.
  • the described recordings 28, 51, 54, 56, 128, the described recording / contact media and the filter material can be arbitrarily combined on a sample tape, arranged arbitrarily in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction of the sample tape and also separated in their respective size, in Groups or varied together.
  • Figures 6a and 6b show a device 110 according to the invention according to another exemplary embodiment, which has similar components as the device 10 of Fig. 1 and further comprises a housing 58 with a cassette shape.
  • Fig. 6a shows an external perspective view of the apparatus 110
  • Fig. 6b shows a sectional view of the apparatus 110.
  • the cassette mold of Fig. 6 corresponds to a cuboid shape, the cuboid having a rectangular base with a height H and a length L.
  • the width B of the cuboid may be in the range of a few widths of the coils 12, 14, for example in the range between once and four times the width of one of the coils 12, 14.
  • the housing encloses the coils 12, 14, 22, 24, Transport rollers 38, the sample tape 16 and the sealing strips 18, 20. As a result, these components are protected from external influences and from contamination and can be safely transported and stored.
  • the housing 58 includes an opening 60 that faces the deployment area 50 and that provides communication between the exterior of the housing 58 and the interior of the housing 58.
  • the opening 60 is funnel-shaped, as shown in Fig. 6b. Other embodiments, not shown, may have openings of other shapes. Air can flow from the outside environment of the device 110 onto the respectively exposed section of the sample band 16 through the opening 60.
  • the housing 58 further comprises two receptacles 62, in each of which a drive element (not shown) can be received to drive the first coil 12 and the second coil 14, respectively. Accordingly, 38 further recordings can be provided for one or more of the other coils 22, 24 and / or rollers.
  • the device 110 itself does not have to contain any active drive elements. Instead, the active drive elements may be located outside of the device 110. These can be brought into contact with the device 110 via robust and simply designed interfaces, namely the receptacles 62, in a fast, simple and secure manner. This is particularly advantageous for automated collection and automated analysis by means of other devices and in interaction therewith, the further devices being able to be located outside the housing 58. These other devices can also be easily separated from the device.
  • the device 110 may comprise only passive elements and may therefore be made very compact and robust.
  • the cassette-type design therefore allows a particularly simple and safe handling, in particular in an interaction with other devices, and a good automation of the collecting and evaluating process.
  • the large number of samples can be safely and compact stored and transported.
  • the spools 12, 14 are disposed within a common plane and are rotatable about respective axes which are parallel and spaced from each other within a range between two and three times the radius of one of the spools 12, 14 ,
  • the coils 12, 14 have the same direction of rotation during operation.
  • the coils 12, 14 are aligned arranged, ie arranged side by side and rotatable about a common axis.
  • the housing may be in the shape of a cuboid having an approximately square footprint.
  • the coils 12, 14 may have the same or a different direction of rotation during operation.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 each show a device 210 or 310 according to further embodiments of the invention, in which the sample band 16 is connected on both sides to a sealing band.
  • the sample band 16 is connected to the first sealing band 18 in the first and second regions (ie, to the left of the exposure region in FIG. 7) on a first side or on an upper side and on an opposite second side or on one Bottom connected to a third sealing tape 64.
  • the sample tape 16 is bonded on top to the second seal tape 20 and bonded to the bottom with a fourth seal tape 66.
  • the third sealant tape 64 is rolled up onto a fifth bobbin 68 after the third sealant tape 64 has been separated from the sample tape 16 at the end of the second area to expose and expose the underside of the sample tape 16 to the environment of the apparatus 210.
  • the fourth sealing tape 66 is rolled up on a sixth spool 70 and stored. In operation, the fourth sealant tape 66 is unrolled from the sixth spool 70 for subsequent connection to the underside of the sample web 16 at the end of the exposure range.
  • the sample band 16 can be fluid-permeable in the region of the recordings, wherein the recordings can contain a filter material.
  • the samples can contain a filter material.
  • the sample band 16 may also include portions that include separate and fluid-impermeable receptacles on opposite sides of the sample band 16. This can reduce the number of simultaneously exposed exposures, so that more samples can be collected simultaneously.
  • the device 310 of Figure 8 is a modification of the device 210 of Figure 7 with the difference that instead of the coils 68 and 70, a roller 72 is provided and that the underside of the sample strip 16 not only in the first and second region but also in the third and fourth area is connected to the third sealing tape 64. In the device 310, no fourth sealing tape 66 is provided. In operation of the device 310, the third sealant tape 64 is separated from the sample belt 16 at the end of the second region, then deflected over the roller 72 and then reconnected to the sample belt 16 at the end of the exposure range. In other embodiments, instead of the roller 72 or additionally another deflection means may be provided.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) de collecte d'échantillons comprenant une bande d'échantillons (16) qui comporte une pluralité de logements qui sont espacés les uns des autres par des régions intermédiaires. Lorsqu'une première bande de scellement (18) est reliée à la bande d'échantillons (16), elle sépare les logements de leur environnement. Une première bobine (12) peut stocker de manière enroulée des parties reliées les unes aux autres de la bande d'échantillons (16) et de la première bande de scellement (18). Le dispositif (10) est conçu pour desserrer la liaison entre la première bande de scellement (18) et la bande d'échantillons (16) sur une partie de la bande d'échantillons (16) qui a été déroulée de la première bobine conjointement avec la première bande de scellement (18), des parties supplémentaires, reliées à la première bande de scellement (18), de la bande d'échantillons (16) étant déroulées de la première bobine (12) pendant le desserrage et différents logements étant exposés à l'environnement du dispositif (10) à différents instants, afin de relier la bande d'échantillons (16) à la première ou à une deuxième bande de scellement (16, 20) et séparer de ce fait les logements de leur environnement après l'exposition. Sur une deuxième bobine (14), la bande d'échantillons (16) peut, après avoir été reliée à la première ou à la deuxième bande de scellement (18, 20), être enroulée conjointement avec la première ou avec la deuxième bande de scellement (18, 20).
PCT/EP2016/069158 2015-09-07 2016-08-11 Procédé et dispositif de collecte d'échantillons à grande échelle WO2017041985A1 (fr)

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DE102015114956.7A DE102015114956A1 (de) 2015-09-07 2015-09-07 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum massenhaften Sammeln von Proben
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DE102018122421A1 (de) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-19 Bluelab Wasseranalysesysteme Gmbh Austauschbare Kartuschenvorrichtung
CN114729856A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2022-07-08 大金工业株式会社 捕集装置
GB202004062D0 (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-05-06 Mcquillan James An integrated DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) and RiboNucleic Acid (RNA) analysis system using a massively multiplexed cartridge assay
DE102020133992A1 (de) * 2020-12-17 2022-06-23 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Vorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Nachweis von Schimmel in Raumluft mit einem Träger

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US3985619A (en) 1974-07-19 1976-10-12 Barringer Research Limited Exploration method and apparatus utilizing atmospheric micro-organic particulates
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